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876:(German: Netrowitz) on July 25, 1825, the same month as the opening of the first horse-drawn railway in France. Gerstner and the almost 6,000 workers were faced with many problems. Besides overcoming technical difficulties and negotiating a height difference of 540 metres, they had to live with resistance from the local population who, for the most part, were directly or indirectly involved in transporting salt with horse-drawn carts and were concerned about their source of income. Furthermore, there were tensions between the project leadership and the builders.
1229:
left at 05:00 from both end stations. Around noon, the trains met at the highest point of the route, Kerschbaum; here, passengers had an hour to have a meal at the first train station restaurant in Europe. Passengers reached the final station at 19:00. In 1840, 10,000 passengers were transported on the railway - a number which rose to 16,000 in 1848. During passenger transit, the average speed was between 10–12 km/h, though it could reach up to 15 km/h on downhill stretches. Passenger trains only ran from April to
October.
288:) was founded in 1807, and the professor of higher mathematics in Prague, Franz Josef Ritter von Gerstner, was given the task of making more precise level calculations and presenting a solution for the route with cost estimates. After many months, Gerstner came to the conclusion that a canal system would be uneconomical, even along the most reasonable route proposed by Josef Walcher. He suggested instead to make the Vltava navigable from České Budějovice to Joachimsmühle and from there to make a
22:
299:(i.e. the Ministry of Economy) took up this transport project again. The reason for this was a petition from ten states along the Elbe, which asked the Emperor to build a Vltava-Danube canal, after they had agreed on free navigation on the Elbe. Franz Anton Ritter von Gerstner, the son of Franz Josef von Gerstner, was issued with the task of realising this project in 1820. Gestner firstly resigned from his professorship at the
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Since the maintenance of the Traun waterway for salt transportation consumed a considerable amount of resources every year, the court chancellery, in 1814, considered the construction of a shipping canal from Stadl bei
Lambach to Zizlau (St. Peter, Linz) at the mouth of the Traun. However, the plan
1236:
Since it was not possible to convert the České Budějovice-Linz route, the conversion had to be limited to the Linz-Gmunden stretch. The first test journeys in 1854 showed that the flat rails used up to that point were not able to carry the weight of steam locomotives and often broke. Nevertheless,
1228:
The transportation of people started off with just the occasional journey. The first scheduled service began in 1834 with special trains to Urfahr for the Easter market, which carried 2379 passengers. Official approval for a passenger service came on May 10, 1836. From then, "long distance trains"
307:
in order to learn more about the latest in canal and railway construction from the then leading industrial nation. In his report to the
Imperial Court, he dismissed all canal projects, just as his father had. Likewise, he suggested constructing a railway. In 1824, he requested a concession for the
312:(Wood and Iron Railway) from České Budějovice to Mauthausen, which would be granted to him for a period of 50 years. In order to generate interest in co-financing this innovative project, he published a brochure. Moreover, he had a 225m long test track erected in the Viennese
1332:
In 1970, the remaining parts of the horse-drawn railway in
Austria were listed as cultural monuments. In addition to dams, bridges (or bridge foundations) and routes along old tracks, there are many signal boxes as well as station sites. Of the old stations, Lest (near
1180:
was abandoned due to the high costs, and the saltern department suggested a horse-drawn railway instead. In 1818, the k.k. Baudirektor (Construction
Director) Ferdinand Mayr (1767-1832) presented a corresponding design to the state government, which would cost 285,000
1216:
In order to link the new line with the route to České Budějovice, tracks were laid on the wooden bridge over the Danube to Linz
Hauptmauthaus in 1835. By 1836, the route to Gmunden, including a 2.5 km branch line to the port at Zizlau, was completed.
1212:
for the south of France. After this, the investors in the České Budějovice-Linz railway applied for the concession and were awarded the contract in 1833. Surveying was carried out in spring 1834, and construction began in summer of the same year.
1774:
161:) due to tight curvature radii and steep climbs. By 1873, a replacement line between Linz and České Budějovice was built, mostly along another route, and allowed for a steam service. The horse-drawn service was closed in December 1872.
259:
to the depot at České Budějovice. With an annual transport volume of 17,000 tonnes, by the end of the 18th century there were around 350 vehicles in operation every day. From České Budějovice, most of the salt reached
222:
in the
Salzkammergut. Moreover, since the salt trade was brought under state control, the "White Gold" marketed in České Budějovice in the 17th and 18th centuries also came predominantly from the salt works at
1241:(de) locomotives. As rail breakages become more frequent during the steam service and accidents occurred, the decision was finally taken to convert from flat rails to higher rail profiles and steel sleepers.
279:
The reasons for the failure of the historic canal project were due not least to it being difficult to exactly calculate the costs of such a project in a mountainous region. To correct this shortcoming, the
271:
Since transporting the product by horse-drawn wagon made the product much more expensive, there were already plans in the Middle Ages to link the Vltava and Danube with a navigable canal.
39:
1595:
Die
Budweis-Linz-Gmundner Eisenbahn. In der Geschichte ihrer Entstehung und Vollendung, und in ihren merkantilischen, strategischen, technischen und topographischen Beziehungen.
1675:
1400:
1208:
Zola drew up the Linz-Gmunden line at his own expense, however he didn't find any financial backers within two years and so the privilege expired. Disappointed, Zola left
1860:
86:
58:
1344:(South Station) has been preserved. The house at Gstöttnerhofstraße 3, also in Linz, was once a signal box. Today there is no trace of the former signal box. The
65:
72:
1320:(Transport Centre) dedicated to the České Budějovice-Linz Horse-Drawn Railway, including faithfully rebuilt passenger cars, and reproduced pictures .
54:
199:
1625:
Die Überreste der
Budweiser Pferdeeisenbahn im Bereich Staatsgrenze-Maria Schnee. Eine eisenbahnarchäologische Forschungswanderung vom 05-04-09
339:, which was just under the estimated construction cost of 900,000 guilders. The equivalent of one guilder from that time is around 15 euros.
1875:
1727:
Bulletin d’Industrie agricole et
Manufacture, publié par la Société d’Agriculture, Arts et Commerce de l’arrondissement de Saint-Étienne.
1855:
1610:
873:
79:
131:
1786:{EncyklopedieCKrumlov|id=region_soucas_mkdbuj.xml|name=Museum der Pferdeeisenbahn in Bujanov|kommentar=Exhibition in Bujanov/Angern}
1643:
Historische Bibliografie with over 90 titles and some free downloads using key word "Pferdeeisenbahn" in the forum OoeGeschichte.at
1408:
Bemühungen in den fünfziger Jahren unseres Jahrhunderts um den Erhalt einzelner Denkmäler und Bauabschnitte der Pferdeeisenbahn.
1574:
Die Pferdebahn Budweis–Linz–Gmunden. Die eisenbahngeschichtliche Sammlung des OÖ. Landesmuseums. Ausstellung im Linzer Schloss.
316:
park, which attracted great interest from the public and the press. It also succeeded in winning the bank houses Geymüller,
1746:
1238:
1225:
After the official opening of the railway on August 1, 1832, traffic initially remained limited to freight operations.
157:
was changed to a steam service. This switch over was not possible in the mountainous stretch between Linz and Budweis (
105:
1563:
Die Pferdeeisenbahn Budweis – Linz – Gmunden. Ein Beispiel der Technikgeschichte aus der Sicht des Denkmalschutzes.
215:
1516:
Oberösterreichs erste Eisenbahn in zeitgenössischen Schilderungen (F. C. Weidmann, Gustav Fobbe, Otto Prechtler).
1511:
5, No. 2, 1951, pp. 97–181, Teil 1 (PDF) im Forum OoeGeschichte.at, Teil 2 (PDF) at Forum OoeGeschichte.at.
43:
1865:
1834:
36. Jahrgang, 3/4, Linz 1982, p. 256, whole article pp. 250–259, {OoeGeschichte|pdf=hbl1982_3_4_250-259.pdf}.
897:
365:
194:. The important mineral, which was initially carried on the back, was later towed by horses along narrow
1646:
1337:) and Kerschbaum are well preserved. There is a museum in the restored station building in Kerschbaum.
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1253:
248:
1637:
1431:
303:. After he had familiarised himself with the conditions at the site, he took an educational trip to
1870:
1850:
1345:
1456:. Verlag Slezak, Wien 1982, ISBN 3-85416-082-8 and OÖ Landesverlag, Linz 1982, ISBN 3-85214-373-X.
158:
1810:
1302:
32:
1187:
1244:
Shallow grooved rails were also used on paved roads in the cities (Linz and České Budějovice).
1733:
1447:
Karte der Eisenbahn zwischen Linz und Gmunden als Fortsetzung der Bahn von Budweis nach Linz.
219:
218:
in the Austrian hereditary lands, as they wanted to promote the production from the imperial
1598:
1605:
1356:
Horse-Drawn Rail Promenade) is a monument to the railway, which used to be in front of the
1294:
Maxlhaid (Wels): Pferdeeisenbahnmuseum Bahnzeit-Stall (in an annex of the Gasthof Maxlhaid)
1483:
Kurze Geschichte der Budweiser-Bahn. Č.Budějovice – Gaisbach-Wartberg – Linz/St. Valentin.
8:
1590:
332:
1436:
Karte Der Eisenbahn Zwischen Budweis Und Linz Zur Verbindung Der Donau Mit Der Moldau.
1352:) on Gstöttnerhofstraße had already been demolished by the 1970s. At the start of the
134:). It opened in stages between 1827 and 1836, and principally served the transport of
1527:
Die Pferdebahn Budweis–Linz–Gmunden – aus ihrer Geschichte zur musealen Aufbereitung.
1357:
211:
1624:
1621:
1381:
Verlag Europäische Bibliothek, Zaltbommel (Niederlande) 1985, ISBN 90-288-3137-1/CP.
1309:
1198:
1191:
1828:
Die Linz-Budweiser Eisenbahn. Ausgangspunkt des internationalen Schienenverkehrs.
1814:
1750:
1614:
1566:
1454:
Budweis–Linz–Gmunden. Pferdeeisenbahn und Dampfbetrieb auf 1106 mm Spurweite
1291:
Kerschbaum: Museum in the old station stables, with 500m rebuilt stretch of track
328:
1439:
130:) was the second public railway line to be opened in mainland Europe (after the
1428:
Verlagsanstalt Bohumír Němec-Veduta, České Budějovice 2006, ISBN 80-86829-16-2.
317:
304:
1201:(1795-1847), an engineer of Franz Anton Gerstner and the father of the author
264:
and sometimes beyond along the cost-effective waterway via the Vltava and the
1844:
236:
195:
183:
139:
1414:
53, No. 3–4, 1999, pp. 188–194, online (PDF) at Forum OoeGeschichte.at.
1202:
1634:
on Radio Prag from December 10, 2006, retrieved December 31, 2018 (German).
1368:
has also been preserved, and a commemorative plaque has been placed there.
1205:, was awarded the privilege of the construction of the Linz-Gmunden route.
1706:Über die Vortheile einer Anlage einer Eisenbahn zwischen Moldau und Donau.
1498:
Veröffentlichungen des Info-Büros für Österreichische Eisenbahngeschichte.
1487:
Veröffentlichungen des Info-Büros für Österreichische Eisenbahngeschichte.
1476:
Veröffentlichungen des Info-Büros für Österreichische Eisenbahngeschichte.
1461:
Der Eiserne Weg nach Böhmen. Von der Pferde-Eisenbahn zur Summerauer Bahn.
1419:Über die Vortheile einer Anlage einer Eisenbahn zwischen Moldau und Donau.
1494:
Die Erste (österreichische) Eisenbahngesellschaft und ihr Netz 1824–1903.
207:
168:
Route map with stations for the Budweis-Linz-Gmunden Horse-Drawn Railway
1631:
1334:
191:
251:, where it was loaded onto horse-drawn carts of the (mostly Bohemian)
190:, and the inhabitants of the Bohemian basin can be traced back to the
256:
228:
224:
1549:
Der Dampfbetrieb auf der Pferdeeisenbahn (Budweis –) Linz – Gmunden.
164:
21:
1361:
187:
1777:
technischesmuseum.at, Inv.Nr. 40081/1, retrieved November 6, 2016.
1795:
1209:
1181:
336:
300:
289:
232:
154:
143:
1463:
In: Oberösterreichische Landesausstellung in Ampflwang (Hrsg.):
1445:
Mathias von Schönerer (Hrsg.), Franz von Weiss (Lithograprhie):
1313:
313:
261:
240:
203:
202:(The Golden Path) or the Linzer Steig (The Linzer Path) on the
1360:. A section of track has also been rebuilt there. The eastern
320:
and Stametz for the project, which led to the founding of the
210:, as the need for salt grew, roads were built. In 1530, the
322:
265:
244:
150:
135:
1807:
1544:
Nr. 16, Wels 1970, online (PDF) im Forum OoeGeschichte.at.
1324:
Besides these, there is a well-preserved station in Lest.
1237:
the Gmunden line was converted to a steam service using
1232:
The triumph of steam-powered railways also inspired the
1640:
from pferdeeisenbahn.at, retrieved December 31, 2018.
1247:
1184:. However, the money necessary could not be raised.
1607:
Die Pferdeeisenbahn von Linz nach Böhmisch Budweis.
235:. From there it was transported by water along the
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1649:from www.alltrails.com, retrieved January 1, 2021.
1522:Linz 1962, online (PDF) at Forum OoeGeschichte.at.
1264:) led to the slow end of the horse-drawn railway.
347:
214:banned the hitherto dominant salt import from the
1861:National cultural monuments of the Czech Republic
1842:
1578:Kataloge des oberösterreichischen Landesmuseums.
1572:Anton Wilhelm, Wilhelm Freh und Fritz Czauczer:
1277:Here are some permanent memorials worth noting:
883:
351:
128:Koněspřežná dráha České Budějovice–Linec–Gmunden
1627:at oberegger2.org, retrieved December 31, 2018.
335:in 1825. The company was able to raise 850,000
1775:Rillenschiene der Pferdeeisenbahn Linz-Budweis
1680:Salz. Begleitbuch der Landessausstellung 1994.
1647:Karte mit genauem Streckenverlauf Budweis–Linz
1288:Bujanov (Angern): Small museum in a signal box
295:More than a decade passed before the Viennese
1426:Die Pferdeeisenbahn Budweis – Linz – Gmunden.
1393:Die Holz- und Eisenbahn Budweis–Linz–Gmunden.
1796:Ausstellung und Museumsfahrten in Kerschbaum
325:privilegierten Ersten Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft
1438:Mannsfeld et Comp, S.L. (Wien) after 1835,
472:Siding 8, Trojany (Trojern) middle station
1717:Old Currency Table from Statistik Austria.
872:The groundbreaking ceremony took place at
55:"Budweis–Linz–Gmunden Horse-Drawn Railway"
1542:Jahrbuch des Musealvereines Wels 1969/70.
1538:Die Pferdeeisenbahn Budweis–Linz–Gmunden.
1465:Mit Kohle und Dampf. Ausstellungskatalog.
879:
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1551:ÖGEG, Linz 2009, ISBN 978-3-902709-15-8.
1472:Die österreichischen Pferde-Eisenbahnen.
1285:: Exhibition in an old signalman's house
1186:
274:
163:
120:Budweis-Linz-Gmunden Horse-Drawn Railway
1379:Die Pferdeeisenbahn in alten Ansichten.
1267:
1843:
1399:Feb. 1926, p. 21 ff., Wien 1926,
1281:Pferdeeisenbahnmuseum Budweis (Czech:
1002:Branch line to Zizlau (St. Peter) Port
647:Siding 13, Bürstenbach middle station
572:Siding 11, Oberschwand middle station
149:In 1855 and 1856, the stretch between
1220:
286:Bömische Hydrotechnische Gesellschaft
1632:Die alte Pferdeeisenbahn neu erleben
747:Siding 16, Treffling middle station
124:Pferdeeisenbahn Budweis–Linz–Gmunden
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
1876:Railway lines in the Czech Republic
13:
1832:Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter.
1556:150 Jahre Eisenbahn in Österreich.
1533:Band 31, 1999, ISBN 3-921700-81-7.
1520:Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter.
1509:Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter.
1505:Oberösterreichs erste Eisenbahnen.
1412:Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter.
1248:The end of the horse-drawn railway
177:
14:
1887:
1584:
1531:Jahrbuch für Eisenbahngeschichte.
292:leading to Katzbach (near Linz).
1138:
1113:
1088:
1063:
1038:
1013:
986:
961:
936:
914:
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707:
682:
657:
632:
607:
582:
557:
532:
507:
482:
457:
432:
407:
382:
308:construction and operation of a
216:Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg
172:
132:Saint-Étienne–Andrézieux railway
20:
1820:
1801:
1789:
1780:
348:The České Budějovice–Linz route
342:
31:needs additional citations for
1768:
1759:
1739:
1720:
1711:
1698:
1685:
1676:Salzburger Landesausstellungen
1669:
1660:
1316:, there is a stand in the new
1:
1808:Pferdeeisenbahnmuseum in Wels
1653:
1558:Südwest-Verlag, München 1986.
1371:
1234:Erste Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft.
1139:
987:
758:
708:
658:
583:
533:
483:
383:
282:Bohemian Hydrotechnic Society
1729:Saint-Étienne 1826, p. 178.
1327:
331:First Railway Company) as a
301:Vienna Polytechnic Institute
7:
1682:Salzburg 1994, pp. 142–145.
1500:5, Sattledt 2008, 29 pages.
1489:13, Sattledt 2007, 6 pages.
1348:states that Signal Box 51 (
1239:EEG - Marchtrenk bis Zizlau
1114:
1089:
1064:
1039:
1014:
962:
937:
925:Route from České Budějovice
915:
833:
808:
783:
733:
683:
633:
608:
558:
508:
458:
433:
408:
397:České Budějovice (Budweis)
357:České Budějovice-Linz route
255:(Salzbauern) and taken via
182:The salt trade between the
10:
1892:
1704:Franz A. Gerstner (1824),
1478:1, Sattledt 2007, 8 pages.
1449:Ludwig Förster, Wien 1836.
1272:
672:Siding 14 (Hattmannsdorf)
1856:České Budějovice District
1254:Empress Elisabeth Railway
1152:
1132:
1127:
1107:
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497:Siding 9 (Leopoldschlag)
496:
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396:
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1798:from pferdeeisenbahn.at.
1731:Canaux – Chemins de Fer.
1567:Dissertation der TU-Wien
1346:Federal Monuments Office
1252:The construction of the
138:from the Upper Austrian
1514:Franz Pfeffer (Hrsg.):
1303:Vienna Technical Museum
1258:Kaiserin Elisabeth-Bahn
1194:
880:The Linz–Gmunden route
169:
1693:Österreich 1790–1948.
1442:at oldmapsonline.org.
1432:Mathias von Schönerer
1386:Österreich 1790–1948.
1354:Pferdebahnpromenade (
1190:
622:Lest (near Neumarkt)
327:(lit. Imperial-Royal
297:Kommerz-Hofkommission
275:The possible solution
167:
1866:Horse-drawn railways
1826:Günther Kleinhanns:
1695:Vienna 1987, p. 206.
1666:Schefold 1986, p. 9.
1617:Donaueschingen 2001.
1569:(PDF; 57,4 MB).
1452:Pfeffer/Kleinhanns:
1377:Roland Anzengruber:
1268:Traces and memorials
40:improve this article
1765:Riehs 1970, p. 177.
1591:Franz Carl Weidmann
1417:Franz A. Gerstner:
1366:Haselgrabenviadukts
1301:can be seen at the
1283:Muzeum koněspřežky)
1153:Gmunden Hauptplatz
333:joint-stock company
310:Holz- und Eisenbahn
1813:2016-11-14 at the
1638:Fahrbetrieb früher
1613:2007-01-29 at the
1547:Hermann Savernik:
1297:The passenger car
1221:The rail operation
1195:
1028:Substation Neubau
976:Basdargarten Halt
951:Linz Hauptmautamt
889:Linz-Gmunden route
822:Linz Hauptmautamt
170:
1817:from bahnzeit.at.
1620:Elmar Oberegger:
1554:Ulrich Schefold:
1492:Elmar Oberegger:
1481:Elmar Oberegger:
1470:Elmar Oberegger:
1459:Elmar Oberegger:
1358:Linz Hauptbahnhof
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
870:
869:
866:
865:
447:Bujanov (Angern)
212:House of Habsburg
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1818:
1805:
1799:
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1745:Walter Brummer:
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1622:Spurensicherung.
1350:Wachthaus Nr. 51
1310:Deutsches Museum
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1078:Substation Wels
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842:Route to Gmunden
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159:České Budějovice
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1871:History of salt
1851:Austrian Empire
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1821:
1815:Wayback Machine
1806:
1802:
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1751:Wayback Machine
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184:Salzkammergut
173:Early history
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140:Salzkammergut
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57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
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18:
17:
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1734:Google Books
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1599:Google Books
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343:Construction
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253:Salt Farmers
252:
204:Vltava River
198:such as the
186:, or rather
181:
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93:
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62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1755:wabweb.net.
1597:Wien 1842,
1565:Wien 2008,
522:Kerschbaum
208:Middle Ages
1845:Categories
1654:References
1580:Linz 1971.
1467:Linz 2006.
1424:Ivo Hajn:
1421:Wien 1824.
1388:Wien 1987.
1372:Literature
1342:Südbahnhof
1335:Kefermarkt
1203:Émile Zola
772:Siding 17
722:Siding 15
697:Oberndorf
597:Siding 12
547:Siding 10
329:Privileged
249:Mauthausen
220:salt works
192:Bronze Age
66:newspapers
1678:(Hrsg.):
1328:Monuments
1256:(German:
1197:In 1829,
1053:Maxlhaid
874:Netřebice
257:Freistadt
229:Bad Ischl
225:Hallstatt
206:. In the
126:; Czech:
122:(German:
1811:Archived
1611:Archived
1362:abutment
1299:Hannibal
1262:Westbahn
1182:guilders
1128:Englhof
1103:Lambach
337:guilders
239:and the
188:Salzburg
96:May 2021
1749:at the
1708:Vienna.
1364:of the
1308:In the
1273:Museums
1210:Austria
797:Urfahr
290:railway
233:Ebensee
155:Gmunden
144:Bohemia
80:scholar
1440:online
1314:Munich
898:Legend
366:Legend
314:Prater
262:Prague
241:Danube
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
817:128.8
792:127.8
767:123.0
742:117.2
717:113.0
692:108.5
667:102.7
237:Traun
87:JSTOR
73:books
1830:In:
1753:In:
1576:In:
1540:In:
1529:In:
1518:In:
1507:In:
1496:In:
1485:In:
1474:In:
1410:In:
1395:In:
1148:67.9
1123:65.3
1098:43.9
1073:29.2
1048:24.3
1023:15.0
642:98.8
617:87.1
592:83.2
567:75.6
542:69.8
517:64.6
492:60.6
467:54.0
442:40.0
417:20.0
323:k.k.
318:Sina
266:Elbe
247:and
245:Linz
231:and
153:and
151:Linz
136:salt
118:The
59:news
1312:in
996:4.5
971:0.5
946:0.0
392:0.0
243:to
142:to
42:by
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284:(
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94:(
84:·
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