865:
1159:
306:. It was never fully respected by the Russian authorities, and increasingly its liberal but ambiguous provisions became manipulated, avoided and violated by the government. The parliament was supposed to have been called into session every two years, but after it became the scene of many clashes between liberal deputies and conservative government officials, it was in fact called only four times (1818, 1820, 1826, and 1830, with the last two sessions being secret). This disregard for the promised rights, among other factors, led to increasing discontent within Poland, eventually culminating in the failed
1027:
826:
539:. Voting was open to all persons of 21 years or older. Candidates for deputy had to be able to read, write and have a certain amount of wealth. Military personnel had no right to vote. Parliaments were called every two years for a period of 30 days. Sejm had the right to vote on civil, administrative and legal issues. With permission from the king, it could vote on matters related to the fiscal system and the military. It had the right to control government officials and file petitions. A Senate numbering 64 was composed of nine
38:
1289:
1109:
1082:
1066:
1074:
1058:
551:
and
Russian "princes of the blood." It acted as the Parliament Court, had the right to control citizens' books, and similar legislative rights as the Chamber of Deputies.
1407:
1246:
310:
in 1830. The constitution was modified during the uprising, and in its aftermath, the constitution was superseded on 26 February 1832 by the much more conservative
1222:
1206:
1190:
757:
1262:
1254:
1238:
1230:
1214:
1198:
745:
224:
to the newly recreated Polish state under
Russian domination. The new state would be one of the smallest Polish states ever, smaller than the preceding
1336:
1320:
864:
1328:
1312:
499:
Composed of the ministers, councilors, secretary of the state, referendars and other people nominated by the king, it had the followed prerogatives:
156:
114:
1384:
1158:
646:
1376:
825:
731:
579:
535:(Chamber of Deputies or Sejm). Deputies numbering 128 were chosen for six years, with one-third of them chosen every two years. They had
1026:
1050:
494:
1090:
311:
84:
773:
615:
509:
juridical powers: the right to file charges against administrative officials as well as competence and administrative court powers
1460:
1445:
666:
149:
1465:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1344:
285:
74:
874:
754:
229:
835:
727:
697:
642:
611:
575:
1470:
1450:
993:
142:
803:
1455:
1168:
204:
constitutions of its time; however, it was never fully respected by the government. It was modified during the
1132:
849:
1419:
673:
288:, the document which governed the lands that became part of the Kingdom of Poland during their time as the
104:
977:
522:
359:
94:
208:
by the revolutionary government and discarded afterwards by the victorious
Russian authorities in 1832.
124:
109:
89:
69:
1475:
1140:
264:, although the text was edited by the Emperor himself and his advisors. The constitution, promising
1118:
900:
1480:
985:
908:
335:
1182:
1036:
536:
469:
375:
261:
129:
1288:
1108:
398:
281:
189:
474:
Composed of five ministers and other people nominated by the king, headed by namestnik, it:
405:, high officials (nominated by the namestnik) and nominated and confirmed marshals of local
394:
1440:
964:
434:
315:
277:
48:
8:
1415:
1001:
796:
269:
99:
217:
197:
119:
64:
24:
765:
723:
693:
638:
607:
571:
307:
265:
205:
1009:
689:
Historical
Dictionary of Poland: 966 – 1945 – Jerzy Jerzy Jan Lerski – Google Books
528:
450:
663:
761:
687:
670:
599:
289:
238:
225:
220:
obliged
Emperor Alexander I of Russia, in his role as King of Poland, to issue a
182:
174:
924:
789:
532:
456:
he nominated candidates for ministers, senators and high officials for the king
347:
343:
339:
186:
1434:
1270:
1167:
512:
received reports from various commissions, and prepared reports for the king
506:
confirming the final version of legislation that was voted upon by the Sejm
221:
193:
940:
916:
892:
421:
379:
299:
196:
to the newly recreated Polish state under his domain as specified by the
873:
932:
351:
273:
254:
201:
56:
37:
548:
363:
888:
Only a limited number of individual sejms of this era is listed here
355:
294:
236:
created the
Kingdom of Poland, it became unofficially known as the
781:
484:
took decisions that were outside the scope of individual ministers
1117:
544:
402:
303:
686:
Lerski, Jerzy Jan; Lerski, George J.; Lerski, Halina T. (1996).
346:, with a common foreign policy. Each Emperor of Russia was also
1411:
1298:
1035:
816:
540:
406:
1297:
276:
in contemporary Europe, reflecting much of the thought of the
963:
834:
272:, among other freedoms, was considered to be among the most
812:
635:
Constitution-making in the Region of Former Soviet
Dominanc
387:
604:
The
Congress of Vienna: A Study in Allied Unity: 1812–1822
411:
his signature was needed to pass Sejm legislation into law
260:
A significant contributor to the constitution was Prince
249:
It was signed on
November 27, 1815 by the Tsar. It was a
16:
Fundamental law of
Congress Poland from 1815 to 1832
478:
carried out the executive and administration duties
326:The Constitution had 165 articles in seven titles.
685:
414:he was the only person with legislative initiative
417:he had the right to temporarily annul legislation
1432:
503:preparing legislation to be accepted by the king
232:. Because it was the Congress of Vienna which
797:
629:
627:
625:
623:
374:The King was the head of all three branches (
253:: given by the ruler and not voted upon by a
150:
386:called, postponed and dissolved parliament (
722:, Central European University Press, 2004,
570:, Central European University Press, 2004,
459:he nominated and confirmed lower officials.
804:
790:
620:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
157:
143:
31:Constitutions and major statutes of Poland
656:
654:
527:Parliament was composed of the king, the
495:Council of State of the Kingdom of Poland
463:
312:Organic Statute of the Kingdom of Poland
584:
298:) and revoked some rights given to the
292:, it however prioritized the nobility (
1433:
651:
481:prepared projects for Council of State
785:
712:
560:
171:Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland
755:Konstytucja KrĂłlestwa Polskiego 1815
748:on the official page of Polish Sejm
192:in 1815, who was obliged to issue a
811:
692:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 83.
488:
286:Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw
200:. It was considered among the most
13:
676:. Last accessed on 19 January 2006
14:
1492:
994:Sejm of the Grand Duchy of Posen
739:
720:Polish Liberal Thought Up to 1918
718:Danuta Przekop, Maciej Janowski,
568:Polish Liberal Thought Up to 1918
566:Danuta Przekop, Maciej Janowski,
446:headed the Administration Council
25:politics and government of Poland
1408:Members from KrakĂłw constituency
1287:
1157:
1107:
1025:
863:
824:
318:and never actually implemented.
75:Warsaw Duchy Constitution (1807)
36:
746:Konstytucja KrĂłlestwa Polskiego
664:konstytucja KrĂłlestwa Polskiego
637:, Duke University Press, 1996,
179:Konstytucja KrĂłlestwa Polskiego
1133:Home Political Representation
679:
230:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
1461:1815 establishments in Poland
1446:Government of Congress Poland
850:Sejm of the Kingdom of Poland
616:Google Print, p.179 and p.180
554:
516:
428:
978:Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw
334:The Kingdom of Poland was a
183:'Congress' Kingdom of Poland
7:
1271:Tenth Term (Contract) Sejm
1169:People's Republic of Poland
523:Sejm of the Congress Poland
443:headed the Council of State
130:Current Constitution (1997)
10:
1497:
1141:Council of National Unity
520:
492:
467:
432:
329:
321:
228:and much smaller than the
211:
100:August Novelization (1926)
70:Constitution of 3 May 1791
1400:
1286:
1156:
1106:
1024:
956:
862:
823:
424:and sign foreign treaties
125:Small Constitution (1992)
120:April Novelization (1989)
110:Small Constitution (1947)
105:April Constitution (1935)
95:March Constitution (1921)
90:Small Constitution (1919)
65:Henrician Articles (1573)
1119:Polish Underground State
986:Sejm of Congress Poland
774:Text of the constitution
115:People's Republic (1952)
80:Kingdom of Poland (1815)
22:Part of a series on the
1471:Legal history of Poland
1466:Poland–Russia relations
1451:Constitutions of Poland
1183:State National Council
369:
336:constitutional monarchy
1037:Second Polish Republic
647:Google Print, p.12, 13
470:Administration Council
464:Administration Council
282:Russian Enlightenments
178:
85:Organic Statute (1832)
1456:Defunct constitutions
633:Rett R. Ludwikowski,
606:, Grove Press, 2001,
521:Further information:
493:Further information:
468:Further information:
251:constitution octroyée
190:Alexander I of Russia
181:) was granted to the
1002:Sejm of the Estates
449:his decision need a
435:Namiestnik of Poland
420:he had the right to
316:Nicholas I of Russia
50:Neminem captivabimus
1420:Seimas of Lithuania
1416:Seimas of Lithuania
382:and judicial). He:
366:remained separate.
270:religious tolerance
1361:Seventh Term Sejm
1299:Republic of Poland
1247:Seventh Term Sejm
965:Partitioned Poland
901:Pacification Sejm
760:2007-10-19 at the
732:Google Print, p.74
669:2006-10-01 at the
580:Google Print, p.37
284:. Compared to the
218:Congress of Vienna
198:Congress of Vienna
1428:
1427:
1396:
1395:
1388:
1380:
1372:
1369:Eighth Term Sejm
1364:
1356:
1348:
1340:
1337:Fourth Term Sejm
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1324:
1321:Second Term Sejm
1316:
1305:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1266:
1258:
1250:
1242:
1234:
1226:
1223:Fourth Term Sejm
1218:
1210:
1207:Second Term Sejm
1202:
1194:
1191:Legislative Sejm
1186:
1175:
1152:
1151:
1144:
1136:
1125:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1086:
1083:Fourth Term Sejm
1078:
1070:
1067:Second Term Sejm
1062:
1054:
1051:Legislative Sejm
1043:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1010:Sejm of the Land
1005:
997:
989:
981:
971:
952:
951:
944:
936:
928:
920:
912:
909:Convocation Sejm
904:
896:
882:
875:Polish–Lithuanian
858:
857:
842:
836:Kingdom of Poland
766:WIEM Encyklopedia
531:(Senate) and the
308:November Uprising
266:freedom of speech
206:November Uprising
167:
166:
1488:
1476:1815 in politics
1386:
1385:Tenth Term Sejm
1378:
1377:Ninth Term Sejm
1370:
1362:
1354:
1353:Sixth Term Sejm
1346:
1345:Fifth Term Sejm
1338:
1330:
1329:Third Term Sejm
1322:
1314:
1313:First Term Sejm
1306:
1303:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1272:
1264:
1263:Ninth Term Sejm
1256:
1255:Eight Term Sejm
1248:
1240:
1239:Sixth Term Sejm
1232:
1231:Fifth Term Sejm
1224:
1216:
1215:Third Term Sejm
1208:
1200:
1199:First Term Sejm
1192:
1184:
1176:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1142:
1134:
1126:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1092:
1091:Fifth Term Sejm
1084:
1076:
1075:Third Term Sejm
1068:
1060:
1059:First Term Sejm
1052:
1044:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1011:
1003:
995:
987:
979:
972:
969:
961:
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683:
677:
674:PWN Encyklopedia
662:
658:
649:
631:
618:
597:
582:
564:
489:Council of State
451:countersignature
314:granted by Tsar
262:Adam Czartoryski
159:
152:
145:
40:
19:
18:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1487:
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1424:
1392:
1302:
1301:
1278:
1172:
1171:
1148:
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1121:
1098:
1040:
1039:
1016:
968:
967:
948:
925:Partition Sejm
889:
879:
876:
854:
839:
838:
819:
810:
776:
768:
762:Wayback Machine
749:
742:
737:
717:
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671:Wayback Machine
660:
659:
652:
632:
621:
600:Harold Nicolson
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372:
332:
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290:Duchy of Warsaw
239:Congress Poland
226:Duchy of Warsaw
214:
163:
134:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1494:
1484:
1483:
1481:1815 documents
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1405:
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1398:
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1387:(2023–present)
1382:
1374:
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741:
740:External links
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537:legal immunity
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433:Main article:
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371:
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360:administration
348:King of Poland
344:Russian Empire
340:personal union
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213:
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187:King of Poland
165:
164:
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866:
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837:
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827:
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787:
784:
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767:
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753:
747:
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743:
733:
729:
728:963-9241-18-0
725:
721:
715:
701:
699:9780313260070
695:
691:
690:
682:
675:
672:
668:
665:
657:
655:
648:
644:
643:0-8223-1802-4
640:
636:
630:
628:
626:
624:
617:
613:
612:0-8021-3744-X
609:
605:
601:
596:
594:
592:
590:
588:
581:
577:
576:963-9241-18-0
573:
569:
563:
559:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
524:
511:
508:
505:
502:
501:
500:
496:
483:
480:
477:
476:
475:
471:
458:
455:
453:of a minister
452:
448:
445:
442:
441:
440:
436:
423:
419:
416:
413:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
389:
385:
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381:
377:
367:
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361:
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53:
51:
47:
46:
44:
43:
39:
35:
34:
30:
29:
26:
21:
20:
1304:(since 1990)
941:Grodno Sejm
917:Repnin Sejm
893:Silent Sejm
877:Commonwealth
719:
714:
703:. Retrieved
688:
681:
634:
603:
567:
562:
526:
498:
473:
439:Namiestnik:
438:
422:declare wars
373:
333:
325:
293:
259:
250:
248:
243:
237:
233:
222:constitution
215:
194:constitution
170:
168:
79:
57:
49:
1441:1815 in law
1379:(2019–2023)
1331:(1997–2001)
1012:(1861–1918)
1004:(1775–1845)
996:(1823–1918)
970:(1795–1918)
933:Great Sejm
881:(1569–1795)
841:(1385–1569)
777:(in Polish)
769:(in Polish)
750:(in Polish)
661:(in Polish)
533:lower house
529:upper house
380:legislative
300:Polish Jews
244:KongresĂłwka
52:acts (1430)
1435:Categories
705:2013-07-22
555:References
549:castellans
517:Parliament
429:Namiestnik
395:namestniks
393:confirmed
390:) sessions
352:parliament
255:parliament
60:act (1505)
58:Nihil novi
1371:(2015–19)
1363:(2011–15)
1355:(2007–11)
1347:(2005–07)
1339:(2001–05)
1323:(1993–97)
1315:(1991–93)
1265:(1985–89)
1257:(1980–85)
1249:(1976–80)
1241:(1972–76)
1233:(1969–72)
1225:(1965–69)
1217:(1961–65)
1209:(1957–61)
1201:(1952–56)
1193:(1947–52)
1185:(1943–47)
1174:(1945–89)
1143:(1944–45)
1135:(1943–44)
1124:(1939–45)
1093:(1938–39)
1085:(1935–38)
1077:(1930–35)
1069:(1928–30)
1061:(1922–27)
1053:(1919–22)
1042:(1918–39)
988:(1815–31)
980:(1809–12)
935:(1788–91)
927:(1773–75)
919:(1767–68)
399:ministers
376:executive
364:judiciary
342:with the
1404:See also
758:Archived
667:Archived
545:voivodes
403:senators
356:military
304:peasants
295:szlachta
234:de facto
541:bishops
407:sejmiks
330:General
322:Summary
274:liberal
212:History
202:liberal
1412:Sejmik
1273:(1989)
957:
943:(1793)
911:(1764)
903:(1736)
895:(1717)
817:Poland
726:
696:
641:
610:
574:
350:. The
278:Polish
175:Polish
813:Sejms
338:in a
724:ISBN
694:ISBN
639:ISBN
608:ISBN
572:ISBN
547:and
388:Sejm
370:King
362:and
302:and
280:and
268:and
216:The
169:The
815:of
246:).
185:by
1437::
1418:,
1414:,
1410:,
764:,
730:,
653:^
645:,
622:^
614:,
602:,
586:^
578:,
543:,
401:,
397:,
378:,
358:,
354:,
257:.
177::
805:e
798:t
791:v
708:.
242:(
173:(
158:e
151:t
144:v
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