2006:
slaughter plants, truck loading ramps, and other places where there is much activity outside the fence. Solid sides are essential in slaughter plants to block the animal's view of people and equipment. A curved chute (race) with solid sides at a ranch facility. It works better than a straight chute because cattle think they are going back to where they came from. The outer fence is solid to prevent the cattle from seeing distractions outside the fence... The facility must be located in a pasture that has no nearby equipment, moving vehicles or extra people, or put inside a building that has solid side walls. In many facilities, adding solid fences will improve animal movement... Solid sides in these areas help prevent cattle from becoming agitated when they see activity outside the fence – such as people. Cattle tend to be calmer in a chute with solid sides. Cattle move more easily through the curved race system because they can not see people and other distractions ahead.
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indicates, "slaughterhouse employment increases total arrest rates, arrests for violent crimes, arrests for rape, and arrests for other sex offenses in comparison with other industries." As authors from the PTSD Journal explain, "These employees are hired to kill animals, such as pigs and cows that are largely gentle creatures. Carrying out this action requires workers to disconnect from what they are doing and from the creature standing before them. This emotional dissonance can lead to consequences such as domestic violence, social withdrawal, anxiety, drug and alcohol abuse, and PTSD."
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that need improvement, such as the use of scent masking agents or acoustical barriers. As well, some animals in some situations may grow to learn that after their fellows are corralled in that area, their fellows never return. An improvement could be made by detouring off some of the animals so that they return to the pack (after the odors and sounds are masked so they will return untraumatized). A circular crowd pen and a curved chute reduced the time spent moving cattle by up to 50% (Vowles and
Hollier, 1982 ).
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1025:. Within, she unveils the interviews of slaughterhouse workers in the U.S. who say that, because of the speed with which they are required to work, animals are routinely skinned while apparently alive and still blinking, kicking and shrieking. Eisnitz argues that this is not only cruel to the animals but also dangerous for the human workers, as cows weighing several thousands of pounds thrashing around in pain are likely to kick out and debilitate anyone working near them.
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491:"confined the slaughtering of animals to prescribed public abattoirs, while at the same time prohibiting the killing of sheep, lamb, pigs or goats at any other place within the city limits". Animals were shipped alive to British ports from Ireland, from Europe and from the colonies and slaughtered in large abattoirs at the ports. Conditions were often very poor.
1059:. Then you drag him backwards. You're dragging these hogs alive, and a lot of times the meat hook rips out of the bunghole. I've seen hams – thighs – completely ripped open. I've also seen intestines come out. If the hog collapses near the front of the chute, you shove the meat hook into his cheek and drag him forward.
650:. In Jewish law, captive bolts and other methods of pre-slaughter paralysis are generally not permissible, due to it being forbidden for an animal to be stunned prior to slaughter. Various halal food authorities have more recently permitted the use of a recently developed fail-safe system of head-only
738:
Mobile poultry processing units (MPPUs) follow the same principles, but typically require only one trailer and, in much of the United States, may legally operate under USDA exemptions not available to red meat processors. Several MPPUs have been in operation since before 2010, under various models of
1980:
Some of the design principles that are taught are the use of solid sides on chutes and crowd pens to prevent animals from seeing out with their wide-angle vision and layout of curved chutes and round crowd pens. Some people believe the animals can smell or hear death, however, and these may be area
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The worst thing, worse than the physical danger, is the emotional toll. If you work in the stick pit for any period of time – that lets you kill things but doesn't let you care. You may look a hog in the eye that's walking around in the blood pit with you and think, "God, that really
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of 1958, a law requiring that all swine, sheep, cattle, and horses be stunned unconscious with application of a stunning device by a trained person before being hoisted up on the line. There is some debate over the enforcement of this act. This act, like those in many countries, exempts slaughter in
2005:
Cattle will move more easily through a curved race. Solid sides which prevent the cattle from seeing people and other distractions outside the fence should be installed on the chutes (races) and the crowd pen which leads up to the single file chute. The use of solid sides is especially important in
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indicates, "Regression analyses of data from 10,605 Danish workers across 44 occupations suggest that slaughterhouse workers consistently experience lower physical and psychological well-being along with increased incidences of negative coping behavior." A 2009 study by criminologist Amy
Fitzgerald
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Refrigeration technology allowed meat from the slaughterhouse to be preserved for longer periods. This led to the concept as the slaughterhouse as a freezing works. Prior to this, canning was an option. Freezing works are common in New
Zealand, Australia and South Africa. In countries where meat is
466:
These slaughterhouses were regulated by law to ensure good standards of hygiene, the prevention of the spread of disease and the minimization of needless animal cruelty. The slaughterhouse had to be equipped with a specialized water supply system to effectively clean the operating area of blood and
336:
to call for the isolation, sequester and regulation of animal slaughter. As well as the concerns raised regarding hygiene and disease, there were also criticisms of the practice on the grounds that the effect that killing had, both on the butchers and the observers, "educate the men in the practice
563:
which funnel a herd of animals arriving at a slaughterhouse into a single file ready for slaughter. Her corrals employ long sweeping curves so that each animal is prevented from seeing what lies ahead and just concentrates on the hind quarters of the animal in front of it. This design – along with
530:
The development of slaughterhouses was linked with industrial expansion of by-products. By 1932 the
British by-product industry was worth about £97 million a year, employing 310,000 people. The Aberdeen slaughterhouse sent hooves to Lancashire to make glue, intestines to Glasgow for sausages and
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78 slaughter workers lost fingers, parts of fingers or limbs, more than 800 workers had serious injuries, and at least 4,500 had to take more than three days off after accidents. In a 2018 study in the
Italian Journal of Food Safety, slaughterhouse workers are instructed to wear ear protectors to
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According to the HFA, Eiznitz interviewed slaughterhouse workers representing over two million hours of experience, who, without exception, told her that they have beaten, strangled, boiled and dismembered animals alive or have failed to report those who do. The workers described the effects the
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Round crowd pens and curved single file chutes work better than straight ones, but they must be laid out correctly. A curved chute works more efficiently than a straight one because it prevents cattle from seeing people and other activities at the end of the chute." "A round crowd pen will work
572:
Beginning in 2008 the Local
Infrastructure for Local Agriculture, a non-profit committed to revitalizing opportunities for "small farmers and strengthening the connection between local supply and demand", constructed a mobile slaughterhouse facility in efforts for small farmers to process meat
526:
The
Edinburgh abattoir, which was built in 1910, had well lit laboratories, hot and cold water, gas, microscopes and equipment for cultivating organisms. The English 1924 Public Health (Meat) Regulations required notification of slaughter to enable inspection of carcasses and enabled inspected
483:
required local authorities to provide central slaughterhouses (they were only given powers to close unsanitary slaughterhouses in 1890). Yet the appointment of slaughterhouse inspectors and the establishment of centralised abattoirs took place much earlier in the
British colonies, such as the
1922:
Why does a curved chute and round crowd pen work better than a straight one? As the animals go around the curve, they think they are going back to where they came from. The animals can not see people and other moving objects at the end of the chute. It takes advantage of the natural circling
388:
By the early 19th century, pamphlets were being circulated arguing in favor of the removal of the livestock market and its relocation outside of the city due to the extremely low hygienic conditions as well as the brutal treatment of the cattle. In 1843, the
522:
industry in the United States." This expansion has been accompanied by increased concern about the physical and mental conditions of the workers along with controversy over the ethical and environmental implications of slaughtering animals for meat.
412:
was also opened in 1855, and West
Smithfield was left as waste ground for about a decade, until the construction of the new market began in the 1860s under the authority of the 1860 Metropolitan Meat and Poultry Market Act. The market was designed by
373:. By the middle of the 19th century, in the course of a single year 220,000 head of cattle and 1,500,000 sheep would be "violently forced into an area of five acres, in the very heart of London, through its narrowest and most crowded thoroughfares".
337:
of violence and cruelty, so that they seem to have no restraint on the use of it." An additional motivation for eliminating private slaughter was to impose a careful system of regulation for the "morally dangerous" task of putting animals to death.
1522:
The Food of London: A Sketch of the Chief
Varieties, Sources of Supply, Probable Quantities, Modes of Arrival, Processes of Manufacture, Suspected Adulteration, and Machinery of Distribution, of the Food for a Community of Two Millions and a
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approval in 2010. The M.H.S. consists of three separate trailers: One for slaughtering, one for consumable body parts, and one for other body parts. Preparation of individual cuts is done at a butchery or other meat preparation facility.
1041:
The HFA alleges that workers are required to kill up to 1,100 hogs an hour and end up taking their frustration out on the animals. Eisnitz interviewed one worker, who had worked in ten slaughterhouses, about pig production. He told her:
352:
As a result of this tension, meat markets within the city were closed and abattoirs built outside city limits. An early framework for the establishment of public slaughterhouses was put in place in Paris in 1810, under the reign of the
602:
The standards and regulations governing slaughterhouses vary considerably around the world. In many countries the slaughter of animals is regulated by custom and tradition rather than by law. In the non-Western world, including the
499:, spent many years in developing more humane methods of slaughter. He brought into use no fewer than fourteen possible anesthetics for use in the slaughterhouse and even experimented with the use of electric current at the
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isn't a bad looking animal." You may want to pet it. Pigs down on the kill floor have come up to nuzzle me like a puppy. Two minutes later I had to kill them – beat them to death with a pipe. I can't care.
503:. As early as 1853, he designed a lethal chamber that would gas animals to death relatively painlessly, and he founded the Model Abattoir Society in 1882 to investigate and campaign for humane methods of slaughter.
364:
As the meat requirements of the growing number of residents in London steadily expanded, the meat markets both within the city and beyond attracted increasing levels of public disapproval. Meat had been traded at
658:
and other methods of dulling the sensing has been approved by the Egyptian Fatwa Committee. This allows these entities to continue their religious techniques while keeping accordance to the national regulations.
494:
Attempts were also made throughout the British Empire to reform the practice of slaughter itself, as the methods used came under increasing criticism for causing undue pain to the animals. The eminent physician,
1046:
Hogs get stressed out pretty easy. If you prod them too much, they have heart attacks. If you get a hog in the chute that's had the shit prodded out of him and has a heart attack or refuses to move, you take a
1767:
1187:, and PTSD, violence-supportive attitudes, and an increased crime levels. Slaughterhouse workers have adaptive and maladaptive strategies to cope with the workplace environment and associated stressors.
207:
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presented a fictionalized account of unsanitary conditions in slaughterhouses and the meatpacking industry during the 1800s. This led directly to an investigation commissioned directly by President
2665:
Versloot, Annelotte H.C.; Jackson, Jennie A.; van Rijn, Rogier M.; Elbers, Roy G.; Søgaard, Karen; Macri, Erin M.; Koes, Bart; Burdorf, Alex; Chiarotto, Alessandro; Gerger, Heike (July 2024).
436:. This allowed animals to be transported into the slaughterhouse by train and the subsequent transfer of animal carcasses to the Cold Store building, or direct to the meat market via lifts.
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551:. She suggested that reducing the stress of animals being led to slaughter may help slaughterhouse operators improve efficiency and profit. In particular she applied an understanding of
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and considers their slaughter unthinkable and offensive. This was often opposed on grounds of religious freedom. The slaughter of cows and the importation of beef into the nation of
1142:, the largest meat producer in America, is injured and amputates a finger or limb per month. The Bureau of Investigative Journalism reported that over a period of six years, in the
1215:
which were more hostile to unionization efforts. Slaughterhouses in the United States commonly illegally employ and exploit underage workers and undocumented immigrants. In 2010,
2806:
Baran, B. E.; Rogelberg, S. G.; Clausen, T (2016). "Routinized killing of animals: Going beyond dirty work and prestige to understand the well-being of slaughterhouse workers".
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the design elements of solid sides, solid crowd gate, and reduced noise at the end point – work together to encourage animals forward in the chute and to not reverse direction.
479:(a devastating outbreak of the disease covered all of Britain in 1865) would not be able to spread. By 1874, three meat inspectors were appointed for the London area, and the
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260:
groups raise concerns about the methods of transport to and from slaughterhouses, preparation prior to slaughter, animal herding, stunning methods, and the killing itself.
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found that "excess risks were observed for mortality from all causes, all cancers, and lung cancer" in workers employed in the New Zealand meat processing industry.
3799:
666:, where the ban on slaughter of livestock for food was lifted in the late 19th century, the newly found slaughter industry drew workers primarily from villages of
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Leibler, JH; Janulewicz, PA; Perry, MJ (2017). "Prevalence of serious psychological distress among slaughterhouse workers at a United States beef packing plant".
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and the expansion of transportation networks by sea and rail allowed for the safe exportation of meat around the world. Additionally, meat-packing millionaire
280:
Until modern times, the slaughter of animals generally took place in a haphazard and unregulated manner in diverse places. Early maps of London show numerous
5323:
1034:, requiring all animals to be put down and thus insusceptible to pain by some form, typically electronarcosis, before undergoing any form of violent action.
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Some countries have laws that exclude specific animal species or grades of animal from being slaughtered for human consumption, especially those that are
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communities. This can cause conflicts with national regulations when a slaughterhouse adhering to the rules of religious preparation is located in some
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to voice concerns about the conditions in slaughterhouses and ask for their abolition. Some have argued that humane animal slaughter is impossible.
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The slaughterhouse emerged as a coherent institution in the 19th century. A combination of health and social concerns, exacerbated by the rapid
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requirements. Due to public aversion in different cultures, determining where to build slaughterhouses is also a matter of some consideration.
531:
hides to the Midland tanneries. In January 1940 the British government took over the 16,000 slaughterhouses and by 1942 there were only 779.
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published a petition signed by bankers, salesmen, aldermen, butchers and local residents against the expansion of the livestock market. The
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reports that on average there are two amputations a week involving slaughterhouse workers in the United States. On average, one employee of
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colonies of New South Wales and Victoria, and in Scotland where 80% of cattle were slaughtered in public abattoirs by 1930. In Victoria the
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reports that pig and cattle slaughterhouse workers are nearly seven times more likely to suffer repetitive strain injuries than average.
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This would imply that certain slaughterhouses throughout the country are not following the guidelines and regulations spelled out by the
1223:, slaughterhouse workers were observed not being allowed breaks, were often required to wear diapers, and were paid below minimum wage.
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5234:
1305:
Terlouw, E.M.C.; Arnould, C.; Auperin, B.; Berri, C.; Le Bihan-Duval, E.; Deiss, V.; Lefèvre, F.; Lensink, B.J.; Mounier, L. (2008).
238:. This is where animals are slaughtered that are not fit for human consumption or that can no longer work on a farm, such as retired
2843:"Slaughterhouses and Increased Crime Rates: An Empirical Analysis of the Spillover From "The Jungle" Into the Surrounding Community"
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violence has had on their personal lives, with several admitting to being physically abusive or taking to alcohol and other drugs.
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better than a straight crowd pen because, as cattle go around a 180° turn, they think they are going back to where they came from
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where the shock is non-fatal, and where it is possible to reverse the procedure and revive the animal after the shock. The use of
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2667:"Physical and psychosocial work-related exposures and the occurrence of disorders of the shoulder: A systematic review update"
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In some societies, traditional cultural and religious aversion to slaughter led to prejudice against the people involved. In
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In the latter part of the 20th century, the layout and design of most U.S. slaughterhouses was influenced by the work of
2708:"How Should Clinicians Respond to Patients Experiencing Ongoing Present Traumatic Stress of Industrial Meat Production?"
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American slaughterhouse workers are three times more likely to suffer serious injury than the average American worker.
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At the same time, the first large and centralized slaughterhouse in Paris was constructed in 1867 under the orders of
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672:, who traditionally worked in occupations relating to death (such as executioners and undertakers). In some parts of
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Slaughterhouse: : The Shocking Story of Greed, Neglect, And Inhumane Treatment Inside the U.S. Meat Industry
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316:. Sheffield had 183 slaughterhouses in 1910, and it was estimated that there were 20,000 in England and Wales.
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308:) which got their name from having been the site on which butchers killed and prepared animals for consumption.
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Fitzgerald, Amy (2010). "A Social History of the Slaughterhouse: From Inception to Contemporary Implications".
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was eventually passed in 1852. Under its provisions, a new cattle-market was constructed in Copenhagen Fields,
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exported for a substantial profit the freezing works were built near docks, or near transport infrastructure.
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detailing her design principles, as well as many of the regulations affecting slaughter in the United States.
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999:. A much larger body of regulation deals with the public health and worker safety regulation and inspection.
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as early as the 10th century. By 1726, it was regarded as "without question, the greatest in the world", by
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1993:"Improving the Movement of Cattle, Pigs, and Sheep during handling on farms, ranches, and slaughter plants"
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railway tunnel was constructed beneath the market to create a triangular junction with the railway between
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Slaughterhouses that produce meat that is not intended for human consumption are sometimes referred to as
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680:"hamlet people") is still a sensitive issue. Because of this, even the Japanese word for "slaughter" (屠殺
429:
1211:, Tyson Foods and other large food companies moved most slaughterhouse operations to rural areas of the
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Trabsky, Marc (2014). "Institutionalising the Public Abattoir in Nineteenth Century Colonial Society".
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In 1997, Gail Eisnitz, chief investigator for the Humane Farming Association (HFA), released the book
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1875:"Directions for laying out curved cattle handling facilities for ranches, feedlots, and properties"
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514:'s invention of the "disassembly line" greatly increased the productivity and profit margin of the
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1307:"Pre-slaughter conditions, animal stress and welfare: Current status and possible future research"
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Working at slaughterhouses often leads to a high amount of psychological trauma. A 2016 study in
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described slaughterhouse line work in the United States as a human rights crime. In a report by
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in the periphery of the city, where slaughter occurred in the open air or under cover such as
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970:. Most strict interpretations of kashrut require that the animal be fully sensible when its
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Slaughterhouse workers have a higher prevalence rate of mental health distress, including
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Most countries have laws in regard to the treatment of animals in slaughterhouses. In the
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357:. Five areas were set aside on the outskirts of the city and the feudal privileges of the
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to provide food. Slaughterhouses supply meat, which then becomes the responsibility of a
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and heavily influenced the subsequent development of the institution throughout Europe.
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2536:"The Psychological Impact of Slaughterhouse Employment: A Systematic Literature Review"
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quickly and cost effectively. Named the Modular Harvest System, or M.H.S., it received
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created a licensing and registration system, though few slaughter houses were closed.
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Slaughtering animals on a large scale poses significant issues in terms of logistics,
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1651:"The vital city: public analysis, dairies and slaughterhouses in nineteenth-century"
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suggested in 2004 introducing legislation banning the slaughter of cows throughout
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protect their hearing from the loud noises in the facility. A 2004 study in the
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In some communities animal slaughter and permitted species may be controlled by
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Blueprint for a mechanized public abattoir, designed by slaughterhouse reformer
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5582:
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3466:
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3391:
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3254:
3026:
1934:
1259:
1208:
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971:
696:
for "kill" (殺) supposedly portrays those who practise it in a negative manner.
689:
548:
246:
239:
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1331:
1306:
471:
and John Gamgee, campaigned for stringent levels of inspection to ensure that
7354:
7339:
7246:
7151:
7066:
7038:
6888:
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6639:
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3663:
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3366:
3264:
3234:
3109:
2913:
2858:
2819:
1935:"Teaching Principles of Behavior and Equipment Design for Handling Livestock"
1761:
1627:
1274:
1249:
1220:
1078:
are prominent critics of slaughterhouses and have created events such as the
1071:
951:
623:
612:
507:
425:
333:
273:
257:
250:
161:
4625:
3072:
2641:"Psychological Distress Among Slaughterhouse Workers Warrants Further Study"
2618:
2487:
2090:"7. Agricultural processing industries – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand"
7268:
7256:
7224:
7108:
6793:
6732:
6697:
6657:
6455:
6292:
6280:
6190:
6087:
5999:
5034:
4876:
4866:
4715:
4690:
4595:
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4535:
4525:
4398:
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4293:
4283:
4278:
4218:
4157:
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4102:
4092:
4082:
3992:
3917:
3774:
3729:
3688:
3650:
3635:
3597:
3416:
3396:
3316:
3075:– Grandin's listing of various surveys, 1996–2011, US, Canada and Australia
2905:
2733:
2692:
2604:
2569:
2505:
2456:
2438:
2278:
1465:
1340:
1284:
1134:
440:
370:
325:
293:
1968:
1950:
611:, etc., both forms of meat are available: one which is produced in modern
595:
455:
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4002:
3997:
3967:
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3744:
3678:
3549:
3524:
3421:
3326:
3321:
2909:
1279:
1264:
1139:
376:
285:
157:
2908:(2011). "Origins and Consequences of the Animal Industrial Complex". In
2259:
1424:
935:
7308:
7283:
6803:
6798:
6717:
6564:
6425:
6132:
6127:
6092:
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5228:
4939:
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4776:
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4348:
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4057:
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3361:
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3244:
2596:
1771:
1541:
979:
604:
476:
472:
1959:
7121:
6843:
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6741:
6722:
6692:
6544:
6504:
6470:
6440:
6375:
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6200:
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6059:
5989:
5803:
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5258:
5029:
4635:
4500:
4475:
4363:
4142:
4087:
3739:
3539:
3446:
3426:
3401:
3336:
2046:"The Opinions of the Ulema on the Permissibility of Stunning Animals"
1048:
668:
591:
414:
405:
214:
2319:"Working 'The Chain,' Slaughterhouse Workers Face Lifelong Injuries"
793:
51:
7293:
7288:
7098:
6848:
6828:
6823:
6813:
6808:
6677:
6667:
6619:
6582:
6385:
6340:
6315:
6275:
6245:
6195:
6107:
6097:
4438:
3356:
3306:
2371:"America's Largest Meat Producer Averages One Amputation Per Month"
1760: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1254:
1075:
967:
963:
715:
651:
2423:"Noise assessment in slaughterhouses by means of a smartphone app"
7169:
7033:
6883:
6863:
6746:
6672:
6539:
6514:
6484:
6476:
6460:
6445:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6330:
6320:
6270:
6215:
6077:
6014:
5981:
3668:
3622:
3281:
3055:
2089:
2088:
Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.
1204:
1172:
1056:
960:
676:, prejudice faced by current and former residents of such areas (
616:
229:
3078:
2756:"A Call to Action: Psychological Harm in Slaughterhouse Workers"
2344:"Two amputations a week: the cost of working in a US meat plant"
1550:
Animal rights: political and social change in Britain since 1800
6858:
6758:
6712:
6613:
6592:
6534:
6524:
6494:
6380:
6265:
6112:
6067:
3219:
3121:
673:
637:
633:
560:
7273:
6873:
6818:
6783:
6778:
6682:
6662:
6450:
6400:
6142:
6019:
5297:
3883:
2664:
2048:. Egyptian Fatwaa Committee. 18 December 1978. Archived from
723:
711:
693:
663:
628:
358:
7323:
2472:"Mortality and cancer incidence in New Zealand meat workers"
196:
6499:
6405:
6250:
6152:
6147:
6072:
5973:
5069:
1052:
939:
574:
518:: "according to some, animal slaughtering became the first
301:
187:
3066:
1304:
6773:
6157:
6004:
2782:"The harrowing psychological toll of slaughterhouse work"
2140:"Mobile Poultry Processing Units: Reports From the Field"
1843:"Best practices for Cattle and Pig handling and stunning"
1129:
943:
643:
181:
3800:
University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid
2949:"America's Worst Graveyard Shift Is Grinding Up Workers"
1505:. London: Rogerson and Tuxford, 1849. 1849. p. 142.
5942:
2421:
Francesca Iulietto, Maria; Sechi, Paola (3 July 2018).
2420:
2164:
1926:
1143:
3067:
Slaughterhouse designer Temple Grandin's official site
2582:
2218:, Humane Farming Association. Retrieved March 8, 2008.
2038:
5324:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
2805:
1984:
193:
3073:
Surveys of Stunning and Handling in Slaughter Plants
2919:
The Global Industrial Complex: Systems of Domination
2396:"Revealed: Shocking safety record of UK meat plants"
1821:. US: University of Chicago Press. p. 41, 160.
1385:
1383:
190:
184:
1796:. US: University of Chicago Press. p. 119-20.
1546:"'Wild' domestic animals and the Smithfield Market"
1441:
Meat, Modernity, and the Rise of the Slaughterhouse
178:
76:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2476:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
1469:
1149:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
1123:
2881:"The Psychological Damage of Slaughterhouse Work"
2115:"Building an On-Farm Poultry Processing Facility"
1897:
1380:
249:, and the environment, and the process must meet
7352:
3179:List of international animal welfare conventions
2192:. Prometheus Books, 1997, cited in Torres, Bob.
1472:A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain
5476:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory
2840:
1863:" 2008. Storey Publishing, North Adams, MA, US.
1735:. US: University of Chicago Press. p. 42.
1675:. US: University of Chicago Press. p. 38.
1577:. US: University of Chicago Press. p. 36.
1437:
1366:. US: University of Chicago Press. p. 36.
1085:
288:. A term for such open-air slaughterhouses was
37:"Abattoir" redirects here. For other uses, see
27:Facility where animals are slaughtered for meat
4907:
2064:"The 19th Century Heritage: the meat industry"
1866:
1526:. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. p.
152:Workers and cattle in a slaughterhouse in 1942
5958:
3094:
2975:"Exploitation and Abuse at the Chicken Plant"
2297:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
867:The examples and perspective in this article
3184:Moral status of animals in the ancient world
2534:Slade, Jessica; Alleyne, Emma (April 2023).
2533:
2240:
1906:"Sample Designs of Cattle Races and Corrals"
5151:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society
5095:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
3122:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases)
2469:
1648:
1103:It has been suggested that this section be
822:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
781:Learn how and when to remove these messages
581:
450:
5965:
5951:
3101:
3087:
1410:
1002:
615:slaughterhouses, and the other from local
5298:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums)
5235:Human Environment Animal Protection Party
2723:
2682:
2559:
2495:
2446:
2268:
2258:
2014:
2012:
1958:
1597:
1330:
923:Learn how and when to remove this message
905:Learn how and when to remove this message
842:Learn how and when to remove this message
380:Part of the original construction of the
296:" in some English and Irish towns (e.g.,
136:Learn how and when to remove this message
5356:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology
3608:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
2619:"Confessions of a slaughterhouse worker"
2241:Browning, Heather; Veit, Walter (2020).
1639:(London Railways) accessed 13 April 2009
1391:"A Social History of the Slaughterhouse"
934:
585:
538:
454:
375:
339:
267:
147:
3199:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
3024:
2972:
2946:
2912:; Richard Kahn; Anthony J. Nocella II;
2753:
2705:
2518:
1990:
1932:
1903:
1872:
1695:
1166:
14:
7353:
3276:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness
2904:
2779:
2400:The Bureau of Investigative Journalism
2227:Eisnitz, p. 82, cites in Torres, Bob.
2204:
2202:
2165:"HFA – The Humane Farming Association"
2018:
2009:
1476:. Yale University Press. p. 342.
467:offal. Veterinary scientists, notably
5946:
5492:Political Animals and Animal Politics
5296:
5080:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition
5005:Centre for Animals and Social Justice
4906:
3882:
3412:Concentrated animal feeding operation
3189:Timeline of animal welfare and rights
3144:Animal rights by country or territory
3120:
3082:
2998:
2841:Fitzgerald, A. J.; Kalof, L. (2009).
2368:
1816:
1791:
1765:
1730:
1670:
1572:
1464:
1361:
1198:
1055:. You try to do this by clipping the
959:accordance to religious law, such as
5223:Animalist Party with the Environment
3505:Animal testing on non-human primates
2780:Nagesh, Ashitha (31 December 2017).
2754:Lebwohl, Michael (25 January 2016).
2316:
2209:"HFA Exposé Uncovers Federal Crimes"
1540:
1515:
1495:
1493:
1089:
853:
820:adding citations to reliable sources
787:
746:
348:in 1855, before it was reconstructed
74:adding citations to reliable sources
45:
5647:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home
3852:World Day for the End of Speciesism
2947:Waldman, Peter (29 December 2017).
2199:
1509:
24:
5772:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism
5115:United Activists for Animal Rights
5025:Doctors Against Animal Experiments
3159:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies
2087:
1873:Grandin, Temple (September 2011).
1404:
1080:march to close all slaughterhouses
319:
25:
7387:
5316:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
5276:Animal Rights National Conference
5199:Animal Protection Party of Canada
5156:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society
5010:Chinese Animal Protection Network
4935:American Anti-Vivisection Society
4409:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann
3164:Animal rights in Indian religions
3154:Animal rights and punk subculture
3108:
3048:
2999:Varia, Nisha (11 December 2010).
2470:McLean, D; Cheng, S (June 2004).
2019:Muhlke, Christine (20 May 2010).
1490:
762:This section has multiple issues.
729:
7334:
7333:
7322:
6049:
6043:
5923:
5922:
5484:Animal Rights Without Liberation
5135:Voice for Animals Humane Society
3862:World Day for the End of Fishing
3857:World Day for Laboratory Animals
3287:Equal consideration of interests
3054:
3025:Grabell, Michael (23 May 2018).
2706:MacNair, Rachel (1 April 2023).
2369:Lewis, Cora (18 February 2018).
1781:. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1777:Dictionary of National Biography
1755:
1094:
858:
792:
751:
567:
174:
50:
5205:Animal Justice Party of Finland
5090:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
4299:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
3887:(academics, writers, activists)
3780:Monkey selfie copyright dispute
3018:
2992:
2973:Grabell, Michael (1 May 2017).
2966:
2940:
2898:
2873:
2834:
2799:
2773:
2747:
2699:
2658:
2633:
2611:
2576:
2527:
2512:
2463:
2414:
2388:
2362:
2336:
2310:
2285:
2243:"Is Humane Slaughter Possible?"
2234:
2221:
2182:
2157:
2144:www.www.nichemeatprocessing.org
2132:
2107:
2081:
2056:
1853:
1835:
1810:
1785:
1749:
1724:
1698:Australian Feminist Law Journal
1689:
1664:
1642:
1621:
1591:
1566:
1124:Slaughterhouse mortality impact
995:of 1906, which established the
770:or discuss these issues on the
292:, and there are streets named "
61:needs additional citations for
32:Slaughterhouse (disambiguation)
5428:Animals, Property, and the Law
3500:Alternatives to animal testing
3169:Christianity and animal rights
2847:Organization & Environment
2427:Italian Journal of Food Safety
2317:Lowe, Peggy (11 August 2016).
1923:behaviour of cattle and sheep.
1603:"The Metropolitan Meat-Market"
1552:. Reaktion Books. p. 59.
1534:
1458:
1431:
1355:
1298:
13:
1:
6992:Countries by meat consumption
5065:Korea Animal Rights Advocates
3770:Cambridge University primates
3302:Ethics of uncertain sentience
2760:The Yale Global Health Review
2540:Trauma, Violence, & Abuse
1991:Grandin, Temple (July 2010).
1910:Dr. Temple Grandin's Web Page
1904:Grandin, Temple (July 2011).
1879:Dr. Temple Grandin's Web Page
1859:Grandin, T. and Deesing, M. "
1291:
1244:Controlled-atmosphere killing
501:Royal Polytechnic Institution
7279:Non-vegetarian food in India
6997:Countries by meat production
5125:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics
3270:Argument from marginal cases
2684:10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104277
1710:10.1080/13200968.2014.981357
1607:Old and New London: Volume 2
1107:out into another article. (
1086:Worker exploitation concerns
997:Food and Drug Administration
987:, and to the passage of the
487:Melbourne Abattoirs Act 1850
395:Town Police Clauses Act 1847
7:
7002:Food and drink prohibitions
5412:Morals, Reason, and Animals
5040:Farm Animal Rights Movement
4990:Anonymous for the Voiceless
3674:International primate trade
3149:Anarchism and animal rights
2725:10.1001/amajethics.2023.251
1226:
881:, discuss the issue on the
421:and was completed in 1868.
10:
7392:
6041:
5532:Making a Stand for Animals
5404:The Case for Animal Rights
5055:Hunt Saboteurs Association
5015:Cruelty Free International
4985:Anti-Vivisection Coalition
3510:Animal testing regulations
1175:, detachment, depression,
1006:
410:Metropolitan Cattle Market
263:
36:
29:
7317:
7215:
7150:
7107:
7059:
7044:Psychology of eating meat
7019:
6984:
6904:
6897:
6648:
6588:Black soldier fly maggots
6573:
6469:
6291:
6171:
6058:
5980:
5918:
5891:
5838:
5788:
5728:
5721:
5687:The Ghosts in Our Machine
5542:
5524:Animal Ethics in the Wild
5307:
5303:
5292:
5268:
5179:
5143:
4960:Animal Legal Defense Fund
4927:
4920:
4916:
4902:
4739:
4458:
4451:
4254:William Hamilton Drummond
4196:
3905:
3896:
3892:
3878:
3839:
3818:
3757:
3707:
3649:
3621:
3613:Welfare of farmed insects
3558:
3490:
3382:
3375:
3240:Animal–industrial complex
3207:
3131:
3127:
3116:
2552:10.1177/15248380211030243
2519:Eisnitz, Gail A. (1997).
1861:Humane Livestock Handling
1768:Richardson, Benjamin Ward
1332:10.1017/S1751731108002723
1234:Animal–industrial complex
739:operation and ownership.
534:
39:Abattoir (disambiguation)
7117:Beef hormone controversy
5972:
5765:Journal of Animal Ethics
5631:Your Mommy Kills Animals
5020:Direct Action Everywhere
4424:Johann Heinrich Winckler
4369:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers
3826:Direct Action Everywhere
3530:Huntingdon Life Sciences
3515:Labcorp Drug Development
3472:Feedback (pork industry)
3437:Intensive animal farming
3174:History of animal rights
2924:Rowman & Littlefield
2859:10.1177/1350508416629456
2820:10.1177/1350508416629456
2231:. AK Press, 2007, p. 47.
2196:. AK Press, 2007, p. 46.
2034:– via NYTimes.com.
1933:Grandin, Temple (1993).
1438:Paula Young Lee (2008).
726:are strictly forbidden.
692:as its inclusion of the
582:International variations
527:carcasses to be marked.
497:Benjamin Ward Richardson
461:Benjamin Ward Richardson
451:Regulation and expansion
312:, Dublin was formerly a
5900:Holocaust on your Plate
5671:An Apology to Elephants
5452:Do Animals Have Rights?
5388:Animals, Men and Morals
5364:Better-World Philosophy
5241:Italian Animalist Party
5120:United Poultry Concerns
5075:Last Chance for Animals
4970:Animal Liberation Front
4857:Maud Ingersoll Probasco
3342:Replaceability argument
3260:Animal-free agriculture
2488:10.1136/oem.2003.010587
1819:Diet for a large planet
1794:Diet for a large planet
1766:Power, D'Arcy (1901). "
1733:Diet for a large planet
1673:Diet for a large planet
1575:Diet for a large planet
1364:Diet for a large planet
1203:Starting in the 1980s,
1064:Animal rights activists
1003:Animal welfare concerns
328:experienced during the
272:In the slaughterhouse,
213:), is a facility where
7371:Agricultural buildings
7142:Water holding capacity
5873:Salvation of Innocents
5420:Zoos and Animal Rights
4995:Beauty Without Cruelty
4955:Animal Justice Project
4289:John Zephaniah Holwell
3943:Stephen St. C. Bostock
3520:Great ape research ban
3139:Animal rights movement
3059:Quotations related to
2953:Bloomberg Businessweek
2439:10.4081/ijfs.2018.7053
1213:Southern United States
1164:
1061:
993:Pure Food and Drug Act
947:
742:
599:
544:
512:Philip Danforth Armour
481:Public Health Act 1875
463:
385:
349:
277:
153:
7127:Feed conversion ratio
7029:Ethics of eating meat
5892:Fairs and exhibitions
5779:The Animals' Defender
5751:Cahiers antispécistes
5679:Speciesism: The Movie
5500:Animal (De)liberation
5460:Striking at the Roots
5372:The Universal Kinship
5332:The Rights of Animals
5253:People Animals Nature
5247:Party for the Animals
5060:In Defense of Animals
4822:Nina Douglas-Hamilton
4209:David Renaud Boullier
3795:Silver Spring monkeys
3694:Wild animal suffering
3603:Pain in invertebrates
3442:Intensive pig farming
3332:Opposition to hunting
3297:Ethics of eating meat
2712:AMA Journal of Ethics
2585:Work (Reading, Mass.)
2323:National Public Radio
2068:www.techhistory.co.nz
1951:10.2527/1993.7141065x
1817:Otter, Chris (2020).
1792:Otter, Chris (2020).
1731:Otter, Chris (2020).
1671:Otter, Chris (2020).
1573:Otter, Chris (2020).
1502:The Farmer's Magazine
1362:Otter, Chris (2020).
1239:Continuous inspection
1185:psychosocial distress
1153:
1051:and hook it into his
1044:
1007:Further information:
938:
705:Indian Prime Minister
686:politically incorrect
589:
542:
516:meat packing industry
458:
379:
343:
330:Industrial Revolution
271:
223:meat-packing facility
151:
7180:Environmental impact
5508:Sentientist Politics
5436:The Lives of Animals
5187:Animal Justice Party
5000:Born Free Foundation
4837:Lizzy Lind af Hageby
4711:Wendy Turner-Webster
4419:Adam Gottlieb Weigen
3641:Recreational fishing
3482:Ventilation shutdown
3250:Animal protectionism
3230:Animal consciousness
3001:"Rights on the Line"
1912:. Dr. Temple Grandin
1881:. Dr. Temple Grandin
1658:Cultural Geographies
1649:Chris Otter (2006).
1444:. UPNE. p. 26.
1413:Human Ecology Review
1398:Human Ecology Review
1167:Psychological impact
1031:Humane Slaughter Act
956:Humane Slaughter Act
887:create a new article
879:improve this article
869:may not represent a
816:improve this section
708:Atal Bihari Vajpayee
609:Indian sub-continent
590:A slaughterhouse of
543:Slaughterhouse waste
70:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
5932:( 139 )
5758:Etica & Animali
5744:Between the Species
5468:An American Trilogy
5161:Humanitarian League
4772:Frances Power Cobbe
4384:Arthur Schopenhauer
4379:Henry Stephens Salt
4259:Edward Payson Evans
3953:Stephen R. L. Clark
3810:War of the currents
3699:Wildlife management
3593:Pain in crustaceans
3588:Pain in cephalopods
2523:. Prometheus Books.
2260:10.3390/ani10050799
2052:on 2 December 2012.
1995:. Dr Temple Grandin
1323:2008Anim....2.1501T
989:Meat Inspection Act
445:Parc de la Villette
7304:Warmed-over flavor
7072:Semi-vegetarianism
5695:Unlocking the Cage
5516:Wild Animal Ethics
5340:The Ethics of Diet
5217:Animalist Movement
5193:Animal Politics EU
5105:Sentience Politics
4731:That Vegan Teacher
4344:Siobhan O'Sullivan
4329:José Ferrater Mora
4138:Steve F. Sapontzis
3631:Commercial fishing
3583:Pain in amphibians
3573:Cruelty to animals
3545:Operation Backfire
3384:Animal agriculture
3292:Emotion in animals
3027:"Live on the Live"
3005:Human Rights Watch
2671:Applied Ergonomics
2597:10.3233/WOR-172543
2214:2009-05-19 at the
2025:The New York Times
1635:2013-06-05 at the
1217:Human Rights Watch
1199:Working conditions
1181:perpetrator trauma
1017:Cruelty to animals
985:Theodore Roosevelt
948:
600:
545:
464:
386:
350:
278:
154:
7348:
7347:
7015:
7014:
5940:
5939:
5933:
5914:
5913:
5910:
5909:
5881:Onward to Freedom
5849:Animal Liberation
5834:
5833:
5655:Forks Over Knives
5607:Peaceable Kingdom
5567:Shores of Silence
5559:A Cow at My Table
5444:Eternal Treblinka
5396:Animal Liberation
5288:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5175:
5174:
5110:Uncaged Campaigns
5085:Mercy for Animals
5050:Great Ape Project
4965:Animal Liberation
4911:(groups, parties)
4898:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4797:Elizabeth Farians
4706:Christine Townend
4646:Heather Nicholson
4571:Brigitte Gothière
4561:Antoine Goetschel
4447:
4446:
4108:Charles Patterson
4013:Gary L. Francione
3988:Josephine Donovan
3978:Daniel Dombrowski
3958:Alasdair Cochrane
3874:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3753:
3752:
3684:Predation problem
3568:Animal euthanasia
3477:Foam depopulation
3312:Insects in ethics
2645:Boston University
2188:Eisnitz, Gail A.
2021:"A Movable Beast"
1828:978-0-226-69710-9
1803:978-0-226-69710-9
1742:978-0-226-69710-9
1682:978-0-226-69710-9
1609:. pp. 491–96
1599:Thornbury, Walter
1584:978-0-226-69710-9
1559:978-1-86189-014-6
1483:978-0-300-04980-0
1373:978-0-226-69710-9
1317:(10): 1501–1517.
1177:emotional numbing
1161:Gail A. Eisnitz,
1121:
1120:
1116:
933:
932:
925:
915:
914:
907:
889:, as appropriate.
852:
851:
844:
785:
648:Western countries
553:animal psychology
506:The invention of
402:Act of Parliament
391:Farmer's Magazine
382:Smithfield Market
367:Smithfield Market
346:Smithfield Market
168:, also called an
146:
145:
138:
120:
16:(Redirected from
7383:
7337:
7336:
7327:
7326:
7299:Roadkill cuisine
7094:Meat alternative
7089:Plant-based diet
7007:Meat substitutes
6902:
6901:
6053:
6047:
5967:
5960:
5953:
5944:
5943:
5931:
5926:
5925:
5737:Animal Sentience
5726:
5725:
5591:Legally Blonde 2
5551:The Animals Film
5305:
5304:
5294:
5293:
5100:Rise for Animals
4925:
4924:
4918:
4917:
4904:
4903:
4767:Edith Carrington
4671:Craig Rosebraugh
4631:Virginia McKenna
4621:Jo-Anne McArthur
4551:Juliet Gellatley
4456:
4455:
4414:Mary Anne Warren
4354:Humphrey Primatt
4339:Edward Nicholson
4309:Charles R. Magel
4274:Thomas G. Gentry
4133:Richard D. Ryder
4073:Thomas Lepeltier
3903:
3902:
3894:
3893:
3880:
3879:
3847:World Animal Day
3805:Unnecessary Fuss
3765:Brown Dog affair
3735:Animals in sport
3725:Animal slaughter
3720:Animal sacrifice
3659:Culling wildlife
3462:Wildlife farming
3380:
3379:
3225:Animal cognition
3194:Total liberation
3129:
3128:
3118:
3117:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3080:
3079:
3058:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2727:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2686:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2621:. 4 January 2020
2615:
2609:
2608:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2563:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2499:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2450:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2272:
2262:
2238:
2232:
2229:Making a Killing
2225:
2219:
2206:
2197:
2194:Making a Killing
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2016:
2007:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1962:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1888:
1886:
1870:
1864:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1779:(1st supplement)
1759:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1655:
1646:
1640:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1487:
1475:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1395:
1387:
1378:
1377:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1334:
1302:
1162:
1112:
1098:
1097:
1090:
1068:anti-speciesists
1009:Animal slaughter
928:
921:
910:
903:
899:
896:
890:
862:
861:
854:
847:
840:
836:
833:
827:
796:
788:
777:
755:
754:
747:
361:were curtailed.
355:Emperor Napoleon
334:social reformers
310:Fishamble Street
212:
211:
210:
209:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
141:
134:
130:
127:
121:
119:
85:"Slaughterhouse"
78:
54:
46:
21:
7391:
7390:
7386:
7385:
7384:
7382:
7381:
7380:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7344:
7329:Food portal
7321:
7313:
7235:Case-ready meat
7217:
7211:
7185:Factory farming
7146:
7103:
7055:
7021:
7011:
6980:
6893:
6650:
6644:
6569:
6474:
6465:
6287:
6167:
6138:Lamb and mutton
6054:
6048:
6039:
5976:
5971:
5941:
5936:
5906:
5887:
5830:
5811:Muutoksen kevät
5784:
5717:
5623:Behind the Mask
5538:
5348:Animals' Rights
5299:
5280:
5264:
5171:
5139:
4912:
4886:
4747:Cleveland Amory
4735:
4701:Darren Thurston
4696:Marianne Thieme
4546:Bruce Friedrich
4511:Joey Carbstrong
4496:Brigitte Bardot
4443:
4434:Jon Wynne-Tyson
4324:J. Howard Moore
4269:John Galsworthy
4249:Wilhelm Dietler
4192:
4188:Corey Lee Wrenn
4098:Martha Nussbaum
4008:Lawrence Finsen
3948:Paola Cavalieri
3923:Kristin Andrews
3898:
3888:
3866:
3835:
3814:
3749:
3703:
3645:
3617:
3578:Pain in animals
3554:
3486:
3452:Poultry farming
3371:
3203:
3123:
3112:
3107:
3051:
3046:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3007:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2971:
2967:
2957:
2955:
2945:
2941:
2934:
2926:. p. 205.
2903:
2899:
2889:
2887:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2839:
2835:
2804:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2778:
2774:
2764:
2762:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2718:(4): E251–255.
2704:
2700:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2581:
2577:
2532:
2528:
2517:
2513:
2468:
2464:
2419:
2415:
2405:
2403:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2367:
2363:
2353:
2351:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2325:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2299:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2239:
2235:
2226:
2222:
2216:Wayback Machine
2207:
2200:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2146:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2123:
2121:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2098:
2096:
2086:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2017:
2010:
1998:
1996:
1989:
1985:
1973:
1971:
1931:
1927:
1915:
1913:
1902:
1898:
1884:
1882:
1871:
1867:
1858:
1854:
1847:www.grandin.com
1841:
1840:
1836:
1829:
1815:
1811:
1804:
1790:
1786:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1729:
1725:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1669:
1665:
1653:
1647:
1643:
1637:Wayback Machine
1626:
1622:
1612:
1610:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1571:
1567:
1560:
1539:
1535:
1514:
1510:
1499:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1436:
1432:
1409:
1405:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1360:
1356:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1270:Meat processing
1229:
1201:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1126:
1117:
1099:
1095:
1088:
1019:
1005:
954:, there is the
929:
918:
917:
916:
911:
900:
894:
891:
876:
863:
859:
848:
837:
831:
828:
813:
797:
756:
752:
745:
732:
690:pressure groups
656:electronarcosis
626:, most notably
584:
570:
537:
520:mass-production
453:
322:
320:Reform movement
266:
231:knacker's yards
205:
204:
177:
173:
142:
131:
125:
122:
79:
77:
67:
55:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7389:
7379:
7378:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7346:
7345:
7343:
7342:
7340:Category: Meat
7331:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7312:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7265:
7264:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7243:
7242:
7232:
7227:
7221:
7219:
7213:
7212:
7210:
7209:
7208:
7207:
7205:Slaughterhouse
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7156:
7154:
7148:
7147:
7145:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7113:
7111:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7086:
7085:
7084:
7082:Pollotarianism
7079:
7077:Pescetarianism
7069:
7063:
7061:
7057:
7056:
7054:
7053:
7052:
7051:
7041:
7036:
7031:
7025:
7023:
7017:
7016:
7013:
7012:
7010:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6988:
6986:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6947:
6946:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6910:
6908:
6899:
6895:
6894:
6892:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6755:
6754:
6749:
6739:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6654:
6652:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6607:
6606:
6605:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6579:
6577:
6571:
6570:
6568:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6481:
6479:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6297:
6295:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6284:
6283:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6177:
6175:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6064:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6042:
6040:
6038:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5986:
5984:
5978:
5977:
5970:
5969:
5962:
5955:
5947:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5905:
5904:
5895:
5893:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5885:
5877:
5869:
5861:
5853:
5844:
5842:
5836:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5828:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5800:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5782:
5775:
5768:
5761:
5754:
5747:
5740:
5732:
5730:
5723:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5715:
5707:
5699:
5691:
5683:
5675:
5667:
5659:
5651:
5643:
5635:
5627:
5619:
5611:
5603:
5595:
5587:
5583:Meet Your Meat
5579:
5571:
5563:
5555:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5536:
5528:
5520:
5512:
5504:
5496:
5488:
5480:
5472:
5464:
5456:
5448:
5440:
5432:
5424:
5416:
5408:
5400:
5392:
5384:
5380:The New Ethics
5376:
5368:
5360:
5352:
5344:
5336:
5328:
5320:
5311:
5309:
5301:
5300:
5290:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5226:
5220:
5214:
5211:Animals' Party
5208:
5202:
5196:
5190:
5183:
5181:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5158:
5153:
5147:
5145:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4980:AnimaNaturalis
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4950:Animal Justice
4947:
4942:
4937:
4931:
4929:
4922:
4914:
4913:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4882:Gretchen Wyler
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4812:Lewis Gompertz
4809:
4804:
4802:Emarel Freshel
4799:
4794:
4792:Muriel Dowding
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4726:Gary Yourofsky
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4641:Ingrid Newkirk
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4581:Charlotte Laws
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4506:Yves Bonnardel
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4481:Martin Balluch
4478:
4473:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4453:
4449:
4448:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4429:Steven M. Wise
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4374:Bernard Rollin
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4334:Leonard Nelson
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4239:Herman Daggett
4236:
4231:
4229:Priscilla Cohn
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4204:Jeremy Bentham
4200:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4118:Jessica Pierce
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4048:Kyle Johannsen
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3973:David DeGrazia
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3913:Carol J. Adams
3909:
3907:
3900:
3890:
3889:
3876:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3822:
3820:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3785:Pit of despair
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3715:Abandoned pets
3711:
3709:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3655:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3627:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3564:
3562:
3560:Animal welfare
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3535:Model organism
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3496:
3494:
3492:Animal testing
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3467:Working animal
3464:
3459:
3457:Slaughterhouse
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3432:Insect farming
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3392:Animal product
3388:
3386:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3347:Sentiocentrism
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3255:Animal welfare
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3125:
3124:
3114:
3113:
3106:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3070:
3064:
3061:Slaughterhouse
3050:
3049:External links
3047:
3044:
3043:
3017:
2991:
2979:The New Yorker
2965:
2939:
2933:978-0739136980
2932:
2897:
2872:
2833:
2798:
2772:
2746:
2698:
2657:
2632:
2610:
2591:(1): 105–109.
2575:
2546:(2): 429–440.
2526:
2511:
2462:
2413:
2402:. 29 July 2018
2387:
2361:
2335:
2309:
2284:
2233:
2220:
2198:
2190:Slaughterhouse
2181:
2156:
2131:
2106:
2080:
2055:
2037:
2008:
1983:
1945:(4): 1065–70.
1925:
1896:
1865:
1852:
1834:
1827:
1809:
1802:
1784:
1748:
1741:
1723:
1688:
1681:
1663:
1641:
1620:
1590:
1583:
1565:
1558:
1533:
1508:
1489:
1482:
1457:
1451:978-1584656982
1450:
1430:
1403:
1379:
1372:
1354:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1260:Mad cow crisis
1257:
1252:
1247:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1209:Conagra Brands
1200:
1197:
1168:
1165:
1158:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1102:
1100:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1023:Slaughterhouse
1013:Animal welfare
1004:
1001:
972:carotid artery
942:inspection of
931:
930:
913:
912:
873:of the subject
871:worldwide view
866:
864:
857:
850:
849:
800:
798:
791:
786:
760:
759:
757:
750:
744:
741:
731:
730:Freezing works
728:
720:cows as sacred
624:religious laws
583:
580:
569:
566:
549:Temple Grandin
536:
533:
469:George Fleming
452:
449:
321:
318:
265:
262:
247:animal welfare
166:slaughterhouse
144:
143:
58:
56:
49:
26:
18:Freezing works
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7388:
7377:
7376:Meat industry
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7366:Animal rights
7364:
7362:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7341:
7332:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7319:
7316:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7263:
7260:
7259:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7247:Cultured meat
7245:
7241:
7238:
7237:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7222:
7220:
7214:
7206:
7203:
7202:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7157:
7155:
7153:
7152:Meat industry
7149:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7110:
7106:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7074:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7067:Vegetarianism
7065:
7064:
7062:
7058:
7050:
7047:
7046:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7039:Animal rights
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7024:
7018:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6983:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6945:
6942:
6941:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6911:
6909:
6907:
6903:
6900:
6898:List articles
6896:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6799:Luncheon meat
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6653:
6647:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6604:
6601:
6600:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6578:
6576:
6572:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6482:
6480:
6478:
6472:
6468:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6396:Pacific saury
6394:
6392:
6391:Orange roughy
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6294:
6290:
6282:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6065:
6063:
6061:
6057:
6052:
6046:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5983:
5979:
5975:
5968:
5963:
5961:
5956:
5954:
5949:
5948:
5945:
5929:
5921:
5920:
5917:
5902:
5901:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5890:
5883:
5882:
5878:
5875:
5874:
5870:
5867:
5866:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5857:Tame Yourself
5854:
5851:
5850:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5841:
5837:
5827:
5826:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5818:No Compromise
5815:
5813:
5812:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5787:
5781:
5780:
5776:
5774:
5773:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5762:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5748:
5746:
5745:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5720:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5705:
5704:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5617:
5616:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5580:
5577:
5576:
5572:
5569:
5568:
5564:
5561:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5541:
5534:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5513:
5510:
5509:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5481:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5470:
5469:
5465:
5462:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5409:
5406:
5405:
5401:
5398:
5397:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5385:
5382:
5381:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5353:
5350:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5319:(3rd century)
5318:
5317:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5295:
5291:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5267:
5260:
5257:
5254:
5251:
5249:(Netherlands)
5248:
5245:
5242:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5224:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5200:
5197:
5194:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5168:
5165:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5142:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4975:Animal Rising
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4945:Animal Ethics
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4901:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4842:Jessie Mackay
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4817:James Granger
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4752:Henry B. Amos
4750:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4721:Louise Wallis
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4686:Kim Stallwood
4684:
4682:
4681:Jasmin Singer
4679:
4677:
4676:Nathan Runkle
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4661:David Olivier
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4541:John Feldmann
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4516:Aymeric Caron
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4486:Carole Baskin
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4389:Laurids Smith
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4359:James Rachels
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4304:John Lawrence
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4214:Brigid Brophy
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4178:Tatjana Višak
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:David Sztybel
4166:
4164:
4163:Cass Sunstein
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4128:Mark Rowlands
4126:
4124:
4123:Evelyn Pluhar
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4078:Andrew Linzey
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4063:Will Kymlicka
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4043:Dale Jamieson
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4023:Valéry Giroux
4021:
4019:
4018:Robert Garner
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3983:Sue Donaldson
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3963:J. M. Coetzee
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:Tom Beauchamp
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3901:
3895:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3877:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3831:Hunt sabotage
3829:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3819:Methodologies
3817:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3664:Hare coursing
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3620:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3407:Chick culling
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3374:
3368:
3367:Vegetarianism
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3265:Anthrozoology
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3235:Animal ethics
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3110:Animal rights
3104:
3099:
3097:
3092:
3090:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3032:
3031:Oxfam America
3028:
3021:
3006:
3002:
2995:
2980:
2976:
2969:
2954:
2950:
2943:
2935:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2914:Peter McLaren
2911:
2907:
2906:Nibert, David
2901:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2853:(2): 158–84.
2852:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2814:(3): 351–69.
2813:
2809:
2802:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2694:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2661:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2620:
2614:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2579:
2571:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2530:
2522:
2515:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2482:(6): 541–47.
2481:
2477:
2473:
2466:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2376:
2375:Buzzfeed News
2372:
2365:
2350:. 5 July 2018
2349:
2345:
2339:
2324:
2320:
2313:
2298:
2294:
2293:"Meatpacking"
2288:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2224:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2095:
2094:teara.govt.nz
2091:
2084:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2013:
1994:
1987:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1856:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1830:
1824:
1820:
1813:
1805:
1799:
1795:
1788:
1780:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1762:public domain
1752:
1744:
1738:
1734:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1684:
1678:
1674:
1667:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1624:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1586:
1580:
1576:
1569:
1561:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1494:
1485:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1467:
1466:Defoe, Daniel
1461:
1453:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1407:
1399:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1375:
1369:
1365:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1297:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1275:Pig slaughter
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1250:Cultured meat
1248:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1221:Oxfam America
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1092:
1091:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
981:
975:
973:
969:
968:dhabiha halal
965:
962:
957:
953:
952:United States
945:
941:
937:
927:
924:
909:
906:
898:
888:
884:
880:
874:
872:
865:
856:
855:
846:
843:
835:
825:
821:
817:
811:
810:
806:
801:This section
799:
795:
790:
789:
784:
782:
775:
774:
769:
768:
763:
758:
749:
748:
740:
736:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
706:
703:. The former
702:
697:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
674:western Japan
671:
670:
665:
660:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:
635:
631:
630:
625:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
597:
593:
588:
579:
576:
568:Mobile design
565:
562:
558:
554:
550:
541:
532:
528:
524:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:refrigeration
504:
502:
498:
492:
490:
488:
482:
478:
474:
470:
462:
457:
448:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
426:cut and cover
422:
420:
416:
411:
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
383:
378:
374:
372:
368:
362:
360:
356:
347:
342:
338:
335:
331:
327:
317:
315:
314:fish-shambles
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
275:
274:Lovis Corinth
270:
261:
259:
258:animal rights
254:
252:
251:public health
248:
243:
241:
237:
233:
232:
226:
224:
220:
216:
208:
201:
171:
167:
163:
162:meat industry
159:
156:In livestock
150:
140:
137:
129:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87: –
86:
82:
81:Find sources:
75:
71:
65:
64:
59:This article
57:
53:
48:
47:
44:
40:
33:
19:
7269:Mystery meat
7225:Arachnophagy
7204:
7165:Branch house
7132:Preservation
7109:Meat science
7060:Alternatives
7049:Meat paradox
6971:Smoked foods
6610:Grasshoppers
6555:Sea cucumber
6550:Shrimp/prawn
5898:
5879:
5871:
5863:
5855:
5847:
5823:
5816:
5809:
5802:
5795:
5777:
5770:
5763:
5756:
5749:
5742:
5735:
5709:
5701:
5693:
5685:
5677:
5669:
5661:
5653:
5645:
5637:
5629:
5621:
5613:
5605:
5597:
5589:
5581:
5573:
5565:
5557:
5549:
5530:
5522:
5514:
5506:
5498:
5490:
5482:
5474:
5466:
5458:
5450:
5442:
5434:
5426:
5418:
5410:
5402:
5394:
5386:
5378:
5370:
5362:
5354:
5346:
5338:
5330:
5322:
5314:
5167:Oxford Group
5035:Every Animal
4928:Contemporary
4877:Andrew Tyler
4867:Nell Shipman
4807:André Géraud
4716:Jerry Vlasak
4691:Lynda Stoner
4666:Alex Pacheco
4596:Evanna Lynch
4591:Howard Lyman
4576:Wayne Hsiung
4536:Chris DeRose
4526:Rod Coronado
4459:Contemporary
4399:Thomas Tryon
4319:Mary Midgley
4314:Jean Meslier
4294:Soame Jenyns
4284:John Hildrop
4279:Arthur Helps
4244:Richard Dean
4219:Peter Buchan
4158:Gary Steiner
4153:Peter Singer
4148:Jérôme Segal
4113:David Pearce
4103:Clare Palmer
4093:David Nibert
4083:Clair Linzey
3993:Joan Dunayer
3918:Aysha Akhtar
3906:Contemporary
3775:McLibel case
3730:Animal trial
3689:Seal hunting
3651:Wild animals
3636:Fishing bait
3598:Pain in fish
3456:
3417:Fish farming
3397:Battery cage
3317:Meat paradox
3274:
3215:Abolitionism
3063:at Wikiquote
3034:. Retrieved
3030:
3020:
3008:. Retrieved
3004:
2994:
2982:. Retrieved
2978:
2968:
2956:. Retrieved
2952:
2942:
2918:
2900:
2888:. Retrieved
2884:
2875:
2850:
2846:
2836:
2811:
2808:Organization
2807:
2801:
2789:. Retrieved
2785:
2775:
2763:. Retrieved
2759:
2749:
2737:. Retrieved
2715:
2711:
2701:
2674:
2670:
2660:
2648:. Retrieved
2644:
2635:
2623:. Retrieved
2613:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2543:
2539:
2529:
2520:
2514:
2479:
2475:
2465:
2430:
2426:
2416:
2404:. Retrieved
2399:
2390:
2378:. Retrieved
2374:
2364:
2352:. Retrieved
2348:The Guardian
2347:
2338:
2326:. Retrieved
2322:
2312:
2300:. Retrieved
2296:
2287:
2250:
2246:
2236:
2228:
2223:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2172:. Retrieved
2168:
2159:
2147:. Retrieved
2143:
2134:
2122:. Retrieved
2119:www.sare.org
2118:
2109:
2097:. Retrieved
2093:
2083:
2071:. Retrieved
2067:
2058:
2050:the original
2040:
2028:. Retrieved
2024:
1997:. Retrieved
1986:
1972:. Retrieved
1942:
1939:J. Anim. Sci
1938:
1928:
1914:. Retrieved
1909:
1899:
1890:
1883:. Retrieved
1878:
1868:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1818:
1812:
1793:
1787:
1775:
1751:
1732:
1726:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1672:
1666:
1657:
1644:
1628:
1623:
1611:. Retrieved
1606:
1593:
1574:
1568:
1549:
1536:
1521:
1517:Dodd, George
1511:
1501:
1471:
1460:
1440:
1433:
1416:
1412:
1406:
1397:
1363:
1357:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1285:Weasand clip
1202:
1192:Organization
1191:
1189:
1170:
1154:
1148:
1135:The Guardian
1133:
1127:
1113:
1062:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1020:
978:
976:
949:
919:
901:
892:
868:
838:
829:
814:Please help
802:
778:
771:
765:
764:Please help
761:
737:
733:
698:
684:) is deemed
681:
677:
667:
661:
638:
627:
621:
601:
571:
546:
529:
525:
505:
493:
486:
465:
441:Napoleon III
438:
434:King's Cross
423:
419:Horace Jones
399:
390:
387:
371:Daniel Defoe
363:
351:
326:urbanisation
323:
313:
294:The Shambles
289:
279:
256:Frequently,
255:
244:
235:
230:
227:
217:animals are
169:
165:
155:
132:
123:
113:
106:
99:
92:
80:
68:Please help
63:verification
60:
43:
7252:Entomophagy
7240:Meat diaper
7230:Cannibalism
6906:Meat dishes
6688:Charcuterie
6651:preparation
6635:Mopane worm
6625:Mezcal worm
5722:Periodicals
5599:The Meatrix
5575:The Witness
5189:(Australia)
5163:(1891–1919)
5045:Faunalytics
4872:Henry Spira
4862:Hans Ruesch
4852:Jill Phipps
4847:Norm Phelps
4827:Barry Horne
4787:Royal Dixon
4782:Karen Davis
4762:Ernest Bell
4656:Ric O'Barry
4651:Jack Norris
4616:Dan Mathews
4521:Jake Conroy
4491:Barbi Twins
4466:James Aspey
4404:Gary Varner
4394:John Styles
4234:Henry Crowe
4183:Paul Waldau
4173:Michael Tye
4068:Renan Larue
4053:Melanie Joy
4038:Oscar Horta
4033:John Hadley
4003:Catia Faria
3998:Mylan Engel
3968:Alice Crary
3938:Steven Best
3933:Marc Bekoff
3899:and writers
3840:Observances
3745:Live export
3679:Ivory trade
3550:Vivisection
3525:Green Scare
3422:Fur farming
3327:Open rescue
3322:Nonviolence
2910:Steven Best
2885:PTSDJournal
2433:(2): 7053.
2169:www.hfa.org
1999:10 December
1974:10 December
1916:10 December
1885:10 December
1772:Lee, Sidney
1542:Kean, Hilda
1280:Pig scalder
1265:Meat cutter
1140:Tyson Foods
1072:vegetarians
430:Blackfriars
286:wet markets
240:work horses
219:slaughtered
158:agriculture
7355:Categories
7309:White meat
7284:Pink slime
7262:Artificial
7137:Tenderness
7022:psychology
7020:Ethics and
6854:Salt-cured
6560:Sea urchin
6128:Guinea pig
5711:Seaspiracy
5615:Earthlings
5255:(Portugal)
5229:DierAnimal
5144:Historical
4940:Animal Aid
4832:Marie Huot
4777:Joan Court
4757:Bob Barker
4740:Historical
4626:Luísa Mell
4606:Keith Mann
4601:Bill Maher
4586:Ronnie Lee
4556:Tal Gilboa
4531:Karen Dawn
4471:Greg Avery
4349:Rod Preece
4264:T. Forster
4224:Mona Caird
4197:Historical
4058:Hilda Kean
4028:Lori Gruen
3362:Vegaphobia
3352:Speciesism
3245:Animal law
2677:: 104277.
2253:(5): 799.
1960:10217/4153
1704:(2): 180.
1613:1 February
1292:References
1114:(May 2024)
980:The Jungle
977:The novel
895:April 2017
767:improve it
701:taboo food
613:mechanized
605:Arab world
555:to design
477:rinderpest
473:epizootics
408:. The new
282:stockyards
236:knackeries
96:newspapers
7361:Livestock
7200:Slaughter
7122:Drip loss
6844:Rillettes
6804:Marinated
6742:Forcemeat
6728:Fermented
6668:Barbecued
6640:Palm grub
6471:Shellfish
6441:Swordfish
6376:Mahi Mahi
6206:Crocodile
6181:Alligator
6060:Livestock
5990:Cassowary
5865:Manifesto
5804:Bite Back
5789:Magazines
5663:Vegucated
5261:(Germany)
5259:V-Partei³
5237:(Germany)
5231:(Belgium)
5207:(Finland)
5030:Equanimal
4636:Morrissey
4611:Jim Mason
4566:Mark Gold
4501:Gene Baur
4476:Matt Ball
4452:Activists
4364:Tom Regan
4143:Jeff Sebo
4088:Dan Lyons
3897:Academics
3885:Advocates
3740:Live food
3540:Nafovanny
3447:Livestock
3427:Fur trade
3402:Bile bear
3337:Personism
3132:Overviews
2867:148368906
2828:148368906
2174:8 January
2099:8 January
2073:8 January
2030:8 January
1718:142813253
1419:(1): 60.
1049:meat hook
946:carcasses
883:talk page
803:does not
773:talk page
678:burakumin
669:burakumin
598:, Finland
596:Seinäjoki
592:Atria Oyj
415:architect
406:Islington
298:Worcester
215:livestock
7294:Red meat
7289:Raw meat
7218:subjects
7099:Veganism
6966:Meatball
6829:Pemmican
6814:Meatloaf
6809:Meatball
6649:Cuts and
6630:Silkworm
6620:Mealworm
6598:Crickets
6510:Crayfish
6490:Calamari
6386:Milkfish
6371:Mackerel
6366:Kingfish
6341:Flounder
6241:Pangolin
6226:Kangaroo
6211:Elephant
6196:Bushmeat
5928:Category
5797:Arkangel
5729:Journals
5703:Dominion
5639:The Cove
5269:Activism
5213:(Sweden)
5201:(Canada)
5195:(Europe)
4909:Movement
4439:Voltaire
3357:Veganism
3307:Ethology
3208:Concepts
2916:(eds.).
2734:37014719
2693:38579494
2605:28506017
2570:34231439
2561:10009492
2506:15150395
2457:30046554
2279:32380765
2212:Archived
1633:Archived
1629:Snowhill
1601:(1878).
1544:(1998).
1519:(1856).
1468:(1726).
1425:24707515
1349:32683750
1341:22443909
1255:Dog meat
1227:See also
1159:—
1053:bunghole
991:and the
974:is cut.
964:shechita
877:You may
832:May 2011
716:Hinduism
688:by some
652:stunning
475:such as
290:shambles
170:abattoir
160:and the
126:May 2014
7257:Marbled
7216:Related
7195:Packing
7170:Butcher
7034:Carnism
6976:Sausage
6951:Seafood
6919:Chicken
6889:Tartare
6884:Tandoor
6864:Sausage
6849:Roasted
6834:Poached
6824:Pickled
6747:Cretons
6737:supreme
6678:Braised
6673:Biltong
6575:Insects
6540:Scallop
6530:Octopus
6520:Lobster
6515:Dolphin
6485:Abalone
6477:seafood
6461:Walleye
6446:Tilapia
6421:Sardine
6411:Pollock
6361:Herring
6356:Halibut
6351:Haddock
6346:Grouper
6331:Crappie
6321:Catfish
6301:Anchovy
6271:Venison
6088:Buffalo
6078:Beefalo
6015:Ostrich
5995:Chicken
5982:Poultry
5243:(Italy)
5225:(Spain)
5219:(Italy)
5180:Parties
3669:Hunting
3623:Fishing
3282:Carnism
2497:1763658
2448:6036995
2270:7278393
2247:Animals
1969:8478279
1774:(ed.).
1764::
1319:Bibcode
1205:Cargill
1173:anxiety
1109:Discuss
1057:hipbone
824:removed
809:sources
682:tosatsu
639:kashrut
634:Muslims
619:shops.
617:butcher
561:corrals
443:at the
384:in 1868
264:History
110:scholar
7338:
7190:Jobber
7175:Cutter
7160:Broker
6961:Steaks
6879:Stewed
6869:Smoked
6859:Salumi
6839:Potted
6789:Kidney
6769:Ground
6764:Frozen
6733:Fillet
6713:Cutlet
6703:Corned
6698:Confit
6683:Burger
6614:locust
6593:Cicada
6535:Oyster
6525:Mussel
6495:Chiton
6475:other
6416:Salmon
6381:Marlin
6266:Turtle
6256:Rabbit
6231:Monkey
6221:Iguana
6163:Żubroń
6118:Snails
6113:Donkey
6068:Alpaca
6035:Turkey
6020:Pigeon
5930:
5903:(2003)
5884:(2014)
5876:(2014)
5868:(2008)
5860:(1991)
5852:(1987)
5840:Albums
5714:(2021)
5706:(2018)
5698:(2016)
5690:(2013)
5682:(2013)
5674:(2013)
5666:(2011)
5658:(2011)
5650:(2009)
5642:(2009)
5634:(2007)
5626:(2006)
5618:(2005)
5610:(2004)
5602:(2003)
5594:(2003)
5586:(2002)
5578:(2000)
5570:(2000)
5562:(1998)
5554:(1981)
5535:(2022)
5527:(2022)
5519:(2020)
5511:(2018)
5503:(2016)
5495:(2014)
5487:(2012)
5479:(2010)
5471:(2009)
5463:(2008)
5455:(2005)
5447:(2001)
5439:(1999)
5431:(1995)
5423:(1993)
5415:(1987)
5407:(1983)
5399:(1975)
5391:(1971)
5383:(1907)
5375:(1906)
5367:(1899)
5359:(1897)
5351:(1892)
5343:(1883)
5335:(1838)
5327:(1824)
4921:Groups
3376:Issues
3220:Ahimsa
3036:23 May
3010:23 May
2984:23 May
2958:23 May
2930:
2890:23 May
2865:
2826:
2791:23 May
2765:23 May
2732:
2691:
2603:
2568:
2558:
2504:
2494:
2455:
2445:
2406:23 May
2380:23 May
2354:23 May
2328:23 May
2302:23 May
2277:
2267:
2149:6 June
2124:6 June
1967:
1825:
1800:
1770:". In
1739:
1716:
1679:
1581:
1556:
1480:
1448:
1423:
1370:
1347:
1339:
1311:Animal
1076:vegans
1015:, and
961:kosher
718:holds
644:Jewish
607:, the
535:Design
359:guilds
332:, led
306:Bandon
276:, 1893
112:
105:
98:
91:
83:
7274:Offal
6985:Other
6874:Steak
6819:Offal
6794:Liver
6784:Kebab
6779:Jerky
6759:Fried
6718:Dried
6708:Cured
6663:Bacon
6603:Flour
6565:Whale
6451:Trout
6426:Shark
6401:Perch
6261:Snake
6236:Mouse
6143:Llama
6133:Horse
6093:Camel
6083:Bison
6025:Quail
6010:Goose
5825:Satya
5543:Films
5308:Books
5130:Viva!
3758:Cases
3708:Other
2863:S2CID
2824:S2CID
2786:Metro
2739:2 May
2650:2 May
2625:2 May
1714:S2CID
1654:(PDF)
1421:JSTOR
1394:(PDF)
1345:S2CID
1246:(CAK)
1105:split
885:, or
724:Nepal
714:, as
712:India
694:kanji
664:Japan
629:halal
489:(NSW)
203:
117:JSTOR
103:books
6956:Veal
6939:Pork
6934:Lamb
6929:Goat
6924:Fish
6914:Beef
6752:Pâté
6693:Chop
6658:Aged
6583:Ants
6545:Seal
6505:Crab
6500:Clam
6456:Tuna
6436:Swai
6431:Sole
6406:Pike
6316:Carp
6311:Bass
6306:Basa
6293:Fish
6281:Wolf
6251:Hare
6201:Boar
6191:Bear
6173:Game
6153:Veal
6148:Pork
6123:Frog
6103:Goat
6073:Beef
6030:Rhea
6000:Duck
5974:Meat
5070:L214
3790:SHAC
3038:2019
3012:2019
2986:2019
2960:2019
2928:ISBN
2892:2019
2793:2019
2767:2019
2741:2024
2730:PMID
2689:PMID
2652:2024
2627:2024
2601:PMID
2566:PMID
2502:PMID
2453:PMID
2408:2019
2382:2019
2356:2019
2330:2019
2304:2019
2275:PMID
2176:2019
2151:2020
2126:2020
2101:2019
2075:2019
2032:2019
2001:2012
1976:2012
1965:PMID
1918:2012
1887:2012
1823:ISBN
1798:ISBN
1737:ISBN
1677:ISBN
1615:2008
1579:ISBN
1554:ISBN
1523:Half
1478:ISBN
1446:ISBN
1368:ISBN
1337:PMID
1074:and
966:and
940:USDA
807:any
805:cite
642:for
636:and
632:for
575:USDA
559:and
557:pens
432:and
417:Sir
344:The
302:York
164:, a
89:news
6944:Ham
6774:Ham
6723:Dum
6473:and
6336:Eel
6326:Cod
6276:Dog
6246:Rat
6216:Fox
6186:Bat
6158:Yak
6108:Dog
6098:Cat
6005:Emu
2855:doi
2816:doi
2720:doi
2679:doi
2675:118
2593:doi
2556:PMC
2548:doi
2492:PMC
2484:doi
2443:PMC
2435:doi
2265:PMC
2255:doi
1955:hdl
1947:doi
1706:doi
1528:228
1327:doi
1130:NPR
944:pig
818:by
743:Law
594:in
400:An
234:or
197:ɑːr
72:by
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3029:.
3003:.
2977:.
2951:.
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2861:.
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2849:.
2845:.
2822:.
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2810:.
2784:.
2758:.
2728:.
2716:25
2714:.
2710:.
2687:.
2673:.
2669:.
2643:.
2599:.
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2564:.
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2542:.
2538:.
2500:.
2490:.
2480:61
2478:.
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2451:.
2441:.
2429:.
2425:.
2398:.
2373:.
2346:.
2321:.
2295:.
2273:.
2263:.
2251:10
2249:.
2245:.
2201:^
2167:.
2142:.
2117:.
2092:.
2066:.
2023:.
2011:^
1963:.
1953:.
1943:71
1941:.
1937:.
1908:.
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1877:.
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1700:.
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1492:^
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1415:.
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1335:.
1325:.
1313:.
1309:.
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1183:,
1179:,
1144:UK
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1070:,
1066:,
1011:,
776:.
424:A
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300:,
242:.
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2857::
2830:.
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2459:.
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2410:.
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2332:.
2306:.
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2257::
2178:.
2153:.
2128:.
2103:.
2077:.
2003:.
1978:.
1957::
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1920:.
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