44:
269:
338:
687:
1815:
557:
26) as "not the man of the hour" he had alluded to, being too distracted and his men poorly trained and disciplined. This, in
Guevara's opinion, accounted for Kabila showing up days late at times to provide supplies, aid, or backup to Guevara's men. Kabila preferred to spend most of his time at local bars or brothels instead of training his men or fighting the Congolese government forces. The lack of cooperation between Kabila and Guevara contributed to the suppression of the revolt in November that same year.
708:. He declared that elections would not be held for two years, since it would take him at least that long to restore order. While some in the West hailed Kabila as representing a "new breed" of African leadership, critics charged that Kabila's policies differed little from his predecessor's, being characterised by authoritarianism, corruption, and human rights abuses. As early as late 1997, Kabila was being denounced as "another Mobutu". Kabila was also accused trying to set up a
652:. The Kigali regime considered these militias as a security threat and was seeking a way to dismantle those refugee camps. After Kigali had expressed its security concerns to Kinshasa, requesting that refugee camps get moved further inside the country, and Kinshasa ignored these concerns, Kigali believed that only military option could solve the issue. However, a military operation inside Zaire was likely be seen by the international community as an
768:
813:. The alleged ringleader, Colonel Eddy Kapend (one of Kabila's cousins), and 25 others were sentenced to death in January 2003, but not executed. Of the remaining defendants, 64 were incarcerated, with sentences from six months to life, and 45 were exonerated. Some individuals were also accused of being involved in a plot to overthrow his son. Among them was Kabila's special advisor
339:
659:
By mid-1997, the AFDL had almost completely overrun the country and the remains of Mobutu's army. Only the country's decrepit infrastructure slowed Kabila's forces down; in many areas, the only means of transit were irregularly used dirt paths. Following failed peace talks held on board of the South
556:
for the first time in April 1965 where
Guevara had appeared in the Congo with approximately 100 Cuban men who envisaged to bring about a Cuban-style revolution to overthrow the Congolese government. Guevara assisted Kabila and his rebel forces for a few months before Guevara judged Kabila (then age
678:. Kabila suspended the Constitution and changed the name of the country from Zaire to the Democratic Republic of the Congo—the country's official name from 1964 to 1971. He made his grand entrance into Kinshasa on 20 May and was sworn in on 31 May, officially commencing his tenure as president.
560:
In
Guevara's view, of all of the people he met during his campaign in Congo, only Kabila had "genuine qualities of a mass leader"; but Guevara castigated Kabila for a lack of "revolutionary seriousness". After the failure of the rebellion, Kabila turned to smuggling gold and timber on Lake
517:, was established. He became a member of the provincial assembly and served as chief of cabinet for Minister of Information Ferdinand Tumba. In September 1963 he and other young members of the assembly were forced to resign, facing allegations of communist sympathies.
782:
and subsequently transported to
Zimbabwe for medical treatment. The DRC's authorities managed to keep power, despite Kabila's assassination. The exact circumstances are still contested. Kabila reportedly died on the spot, according to DRC's then-health minister
1248:
653:
656:. A plan was put in place to foment a rebellion that would serve as a cover. The Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo (AFDL) was then born with Rwanda's blessing, and with Kabila as its spokesperson.
398:
from 1996 to 1997. Having now become the new president of the country, whose name was changed back to the
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kabila found himself in a delicate position as a puppet of his foreign backers.
1768:
787:, who was in the next door office when Kabila was shot and arrived immediately after the assassination. The government claimed that Kabila was still alive, however, and he was flown to a hospital in
802:, became president ten days later. By doing so, DRC officials were accomplishing the "verbal testimony" of the deceased President. Then Justice Minister Mwenze Kongolo and Kabila's aide-de-camp
1517:
1265:
998:
Quant au lieu de naissance du futur Président, plusieurs sources fiables confirment
Jadotville Certains affirment qu'il est né à Baudouinville (>Moba), ce qui paraît très peu probable.
1437:
525:
1916:
1906:
1490:
1941:
1761:
836:
pardoned all those convicted in the murder of
Laurent-Désiré Kabila in 2001. Colonel Eddy Kapend and his co-defendants, who have been incarcerated for 15 years, were released.
1991:
1891:
1956:
1951:
1781:
1754:
675:
379:
192:
521:
43:
1976:
1020:
928:
1777:
1728:
352:
59:
1509:
1921:
1459:
817:, former ambassador to South Africa. Many people believe the trial was flawed and the convicted defendants innocent; doubts are summarized in an
1105:
1420:
1494:
691:
1220:
1119:
747:, and managed to hold on in the south and west of the country and by July 1999, peace talks led to the withdrawal of most foreign forces.
1961:
756:
411:
356:
168:
1981:
462:; his father's ethnicity was defining in the patriarchal kinship system. It is claimed that he studied abroad (political philosophy in
794:
The
Congolese government announced that he had died of his wounds on 18 January. One week later, his body was returned to Congo for a
1986:
1358:
806:
reported that Kabila had told them that his son Joseph, then number two of the army, should take over, if he were to die in office.
1936:
732:
510:
1790:
410:, in which his former Rwandan and Ugandan allies began sponsoring several rebel groups to overthrow him. During the war, he was
435:
130:
1572:
Dunn, Kevin C. (2004). "A Survival Guide to
Kinshasa: Lessons of the Father, Passed Down to the Son". In John F. Clark (ed.).
626:. These personal contacts became vital in mid-1990s, when Uganda and Rwanda sought a Congolese face for their intervention in
1390:
1298:
979:
887:
1396:
985:
1177:
The fate of Africa : from the hopes of freedom to the heart of despair : a history of fifty years of independence
584:
186:
1946:
809:
The investigation into Kabila's assassination led to 135 people, including four children, being tried before a special
1581:
1554:
1331:
1184:
1081:
716:, was retained by Kabila; he branded Kabila as "the Mzee," and created posters reading "Here is the man we needed" (
1966:
1901:
1842:
686:
348:
273:
268:
158:
1153:
1814:
1010:
17:
727:
By 1998, Kabila's former allies in Uganda and Rwanda had turned against him and backed a new rebellion of the
728:
1746:
920:
602:
The PRP state came to an end in 1988 and Kabila disappeared and was widely believed to be dead. While in
240:
1467:
649:
857:
1971:
844:
He had at least nine children with his wife Sifa
Mahanya: Josephine, Cécile, Fifi, Selemani, twins
819:
713:
536:
happening in the provinces at the time. In 1965, Kabila set up a cross-border rebel operation from
402:
The following year, he ordered the departure of all foreign troops from the country following the
198:
1224:
1123:
1323:
784:
451:
1348:
1926:
1911:
1896:
1886:
587:(PRP). With the support of the People's Republic of China, the PRP created a secessionist
8:
623:
611:
575:
In 1967, Kabila and his remnant of supporters moved their operation into the mountainous
514:
439:
1862:
1685:
833:
648:) after the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, refugee camps along the Zaire-Rwanda border became
1637:
1629:
1099:
825:
762:
1641:
1577:
1560:
1550:
1429:
1386:
1327:
1316:
1294:
1257:
1190:
1180:
1087:
1077:
975:
883:
810:
704:
Kabila had previously been a committed Marxist, but his policies at this point were
1931:
1832:
1804:
1799:
1712:
1621:
779:
709:
705:
699:
528:, he was sent to eastern Congo to help organize a revolution, in particular in the
498:
443:
431:
407:
367:
331:
82:
904:
502:
414:
by one of his bodyguards, and was succeeded ten days later by his 29-year-old son
1544:
1510:"DRC: Tshisekedi pardons those convicted in the killing of Laurent-Désiré Kabila"
1380:
1288:
969:
877:
814:
717:
639:
607:
596:
541:
533:
403:
395:
371:
321:
298:
291:
1691:
615:
576:
570:
375:
1625:
1880:
1857:
1738:
1564:
1433:
1261:
1091:
849:
845:
799:
795:
772:
661:
475:
455:
415:
223:
219:
138:
102:
1776:
1194:
853:
227:
1353:
1015:
492:
459:
363:
286:
803:
791:
after he was shot so that DRC authorities could organize the succession.
619:
553:
427:
1633:
1349:"Revealed: how Africa's dictator died at the hands of his boy soldiers"
1145:
671:
592:
580:
235:
250:
532:
and North Katanga provinces. This revolution was part of the larger
1597:
Boya, Odette M. "Contentious Politics and Social Change in Congo."
788:
744:
471:
467:
378:
until the 1980s. In the 1990s, Kabila re-emerged as leader of the
154:
740:
603:
588:
520:
Kabila established himself as a supporter of hard-line Lumumbist
950:
948:
946:
767:
1421:"Glimpse of New President as Joseph Kabila Takes Oath in Congo"
736:
561:
Tanganyika. He also ran a bar and brothel in Kigoma, Tanzania.
537:
506:
447:
387:
383:
134:
1655:
Scharzberg, Michael G. "Beyond Mobutu: Kabila and the Congo."
971:
Essai biographique sur Laurent Désiré Kabila: Cahiers 57-58-59
650:
militarized with Hutu militia vowing to retake power in Rwanda
1823:
943:
645:
627:
463:
391:
27:
President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1997–2001
529:
1917:
Deaths by firearm in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1907:
Assassinated Democratic Republic of the Congo politicians
1612:
Kabuya-Lumuna Sando, C. (2002). "Laurent Désiré Kabila".
778:
On 16 January 2001, Kabila was shot in his office at the
380:
Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo
193:
Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo
1385:. Southern African Marketing Company. 2006. p. 24.
1942:
People murdered in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1179:(1st ed.). New York: Public Affairs. p. 150.
1040:
1038:
497:
Shortly after the Congo achieved independence in 1960,
325:; 27 November 1939 – 16 January 2001) usually known as
906:
Murder in Kinshasa: who killed Laurent Désiré Kabila?
856:, Anina and Tetia. He was also the alleged father of
1992:
National presidents assassinated in the 21st century
1892:
2001 murders in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1382:
Official SADC Trade, Industry, and Investment Review
1318:
The Troubled Heart of Africa: A History of the Congo
1071:
1055:
1053:
1035:
1957:
University of Belgrade Faculty of Philosophy alumni
1611:
674:, Kabila declared victory and installed himself as
1952:Presidents of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1419:
1315:
1247:
1201:
1778:President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1729:President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1050:
564:
353:President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
60:President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1878:
1606:Biographical Dictionary of Modern World Leaders
1546:The rise and fall of Moise Tshombe: a biography
1293:. Lanham, Maryland: Stryker-Post Publications.
956:Biographical Dictionary of Modern World Leaders
547:
1977:African politicians assassinated in the 2000s
1762:
1508:Tshiamala, Stanis Bujakera (5 January 2021).
902:
644:As Rwandan Hutu refugees fled to Congo (then
458:. His father was a Luba and his mother was a
351:rebel and politician who served as the third
692:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
478:), but no proof has been found or provided.
406:to prevent a potential coup, leading to the
967:
771:Laurent-Désiré Kabila's son and successor,
712:. Mobutu's former minister of information,
1769:
1755:
1662:Weiss, Herbert. "Civil war in the Congo."
1104:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
750:
614:. Museveni and former Tanzanian President
42:
1507:
1488:
1286:
1280:
1074:Congo : the epic history of a people
903:Rabaud, Marlène; Zajtman, Arnaud (2011),
681:
1346:
1313:
1307:
1174:
882:. Perth Corporation. 2002. p. 380.
766:
733:Movement for the Liberation of the Congo
685:
1922:Democratic Republic of the Congo rebels
1692:Retracing Che Guevara's Congo Footsteps
1245:
481:
14:
1879:
1542:
1417:
1044:
879:Defense & Foreign Affairs Handbook
757:Assassination of Laurent-Désiré Kabila
72:17 May 1997 – 18 January 2001
1750:
1669:
1491:"Zone d'ombre autour d'un assassinat"
1440:from the original on 27 February 2023
1418:Onishi, Norimitsu (27 January 2001).
1347:Jeffries, Stuart (11 February 2001).
1314:Edgerton, Robert (18 December 2002).
1268:from the original on 27 February 2023
1223:. Rfi.fr. 6 July 2009. Archived from
1122:. Rfi.fr. 6 July 2009. Archived from
1076:. Garrett, Sam. London. p. 322.
988:from the original on 27 February 2023
931:from the original on 20 November 2015
509:in an anti-secessionist rebellion in
486:
362:Kabila became known during the 1960s
320:
1571:
1520:from the original on 8 February 2022
1361:from the original on 9 December 2012
1207:
1059:
974:. Editions L'Harmattan. p. 13.
722:Voici l'homme que nous avions besoin
667:, Mobutu fled into exile on 16 May.
513:. In September 1962 a new province,
390:-sponsored rebel group that invaded
1614:Review of African Political Economy
1574:The African Stakes of the Congo War
1290:The World Today Series: Africa 2012
1246:Lokongo, Antoine (September 2000).
24:
1962:University of Dar es Salaam alumni
1591:
1489:Zajtman, Arnaud; Rabaud, Marlène.
1023:from the original on 29 April 2017
735:(MLC). Kabila found new allies in
633:
25:
2003:
1982:Assassinated presidents in Africa
1679:
1674:. Paris: Institut africain-CEDAF.
1672:Fizi, 1967-1986: Le maquis Kabila
1156:from the original on 10 June 2017
860:whose mother is Zaïna Kibangula.
832:In January 2021, DRC's President
724:) appeared all over the country.
524:. When the Lumumbists formed the
1987:Politicians assassinated in 2001
1843:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1813:
1648:Rosenblum, R. "Kabila's Congo."
1576:. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
1399:from the original on 17 May 2021
839:
394:and overthrew Mobutu during the
322:[lo.ʁɑ̃de.zi.ʁeka.bi.la]
274:Democratic Republic of the Congo
267:
159:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1937:People from Tanganyika Province
1501:
1482:
1452:
1411:
1373:
1340:
1239:
1213:
1168:
1138:
1112:
670:The next day, from his base in
1833:Joseph Mobutu/Mobutu Sese Seko
1065:
1003:
968:Erik Kennes (1 October 2003).
961:
913:
896:
870:
583:in the Congo, and founded the
565:Marxist mini-state (1967–1988)
526:Conseil National de Libération
374:and led the Communist-aligned
13:
1:
1543:Colvin, Ian Goodhope (1968).
1536:
1072:Van Reybrouck, David (2014).
729:Rally for Congolese Democracy
421:
1670:Cosma, Wilungula B. (1997).
1287:Dickovick, J. Tyler (2008).
1256:. No. 388. p. 20.
863:
585:People's Revolutionary Party
548:Association with Che Guevara
218:at least 9 or 10 (including
7:
1493:(in French). Archived from
618:later introduced Kabila to
241:University of Dar es Salaam
10:
2008:
1947:People of the Congo Crisis
760:
754:
697:
637:
568:
490:
1841:
1822:
1811:
1789:
1735:
1726:
1709:
1704:
1652:97 (May 1998) pp 193–198.
1626:10.1080/03056240208704645
1175:Meredith, Martin (2005).
921:"IRIN – In Depth Reports"
307:
279:
262:
257:
246:
234:
214:
206:
187:People's Revolution Party
182:
174:
165:Manner of death
164:
144:
117:
112:
108:
96:
76:
65:
57:
53:
41:
34:
1659:8 (October 1997): 70–84.
1604:Fredriksen, John C. ed.
1249:"The suffering of Congo"
954:John C. Fredriksen, ed.
714:Dominique Sakombi Inongo
606:, Kabila reportedly met
501:under the leadership of
1967:Independent politicians
1902:African revolutionaries
751:Assassination and trial
505:. Kabila organised the
426:Kabila was born to the
858:Aimée Kabila Mulengela
775:
721:
695:
682:Presidency (1997–2001)
370:. He took part to the
1853:Laurent-Désiré Kabila
1791:Republic of the Congo
1688:by Human Rights Watch
1657:Journal of Democracy,
909:– via AfricaBib
785:Leonard Mashako Mamba
770:
689:
522:Prosper Mwamba Ilunga
452:Haut-Katanga Province
318:French pronunciation:
314:Laurent-Désiré Kabila
36:Laurent-Désiré Kabila
1460:"Murder in Kinshasa"
1011:"L'obscur M. Kabila"
823:investigative film,
482:Political activities
376:Fizi rebel territory
355:from 1997 until his
1698:, November 25, 2004
1666:38.3 (2001): 67–71.
1601:32.1 (2001): 71–85.
624:president of Rwanda
622:, who would become
612:president of Uganda
540:, Tanzania, across
440:Tanganyika Province
1722:President of Zaire
1705:Political offices
1608:(2003) pp 239–240.
1549:. London: Ferwin.
1426:The New York Times
1324:St. Martin's Press
958:(2003) pp 239–240.
826:Murder in Kinshasa
776:
763:Murder in Kinshasa
696:
595:province, west of
487:1960s Congo Crisis
442:), or Jadotville,
430:in Baudouinville,
366:as an opponent of
89:President of Zaire
1871:
1870:
1824:Republic of Zaire
1745:
1744:
1736:Succeeded by
1599:Security Dialogue
1514:The Africa Report
1392:978-0-620-36351-8
1300:978-1-61048-881-5
981:978-2-296-31958-5
889:978-1-892998-06-4
811:military tribunal
706:social democratic
335:
311:
310:
16:(Redirected from
1999:
1863:Félix Tshisekedi
1817:
1800:Joseph Kasa-Vubu
1771:
1764:
1757:
1748:
1747:
1713:Mobutu Sese Seko
1710:Preceded by
1702:
1701:
1675:
1645:
1587:
1568:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1470:on 14 March 2017
1466:. Archived from
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1423:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1321:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1251:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1146:"Laurent Kabila"
1142:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1095:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1048:
1042:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1019:. 25 June 1998.
1007:
1001:
1000:
995:
993:
965:
959:
952:
941:
940:
938:
936:
917:
911:
910:
900:
894:
893:
874:
834:Félix Tshisekedi
780:Palais de Marbre
710:personality cult
700:Second Congo War
534:Simba rebellions
444:Katanga Province
432:Katanga Province
408:Second Congo War
368:Mobutu Sese Seko
346:
345:
344:
342:
330:
324:
319:
272:
271:
258:Military service
151:
128:27 November 1939
127:
125:
113:Personal details
99:
92:
83:Mobutu Sese Seko
79:
70:
46:
32:
31:
21:
2007:
2006:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1972:Former Marxists
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1867:
1845:
1837:
1818:
1809:
1785:
1775:
1741:
1732:
1724:
1716:
1682:
1650:Current History
1620:(93/4): 616–9.
1594:
1592:Further reading
1584:
1557:
1539:
1534:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1506:
1502:
1497:on 5 July 2012.
1487:
1483:
1473:
1471:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1393:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1345:
1341:
1334:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1285:
1281:
1271:
1269:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1227:on 16 June 2017
1219:
1218:
1214:
1206:
1202:
1187:
1173:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1129:
1127:
1126:on 16 June 2017
1118:
1117:
1113:
1097:
1096:
1084:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1051:
1043:
1036:
1026:
1024:
1009:
1008:
1004:
991:
989:
982:
966:
962:
953:
944:
934:
932:
919:
918:
914:
901:
897:
890:
876:
875:
871:
866:
842:
815:Emmanuel Dungia
765:
759:
753:
702:
694:used by Kabila.
684:
642:
640:First Congo War
636:
634:First Congo War
608:Yoweri Museveni
597:Lake Tanganyika
573:
567:
550:
542:Lake Tanganyika
499:Katanga seceded
495:
489:
484:
474:and at last in
466:, got a PhD in
424:
404:Kasika massacre
396:First Congo War
372:Simba rebellion
340:
337:
336:
317:
303:
299:First Congo War
292:Simba Rebellion
266:
201:
197:
195:
191:
189:
183:Political party
153:
149:
148:18 January 2001
129:
123:
121:
97:
86:
85:
77:
71:
66:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2005:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1846:(1997–present)
1839:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1820:
1819:
1812:
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210:Sifa Mahanya
150:(2001-01-18)
98:Succeeded by
88:
67:
29:
1927:Luba people
1912:Che Guevara
1897:2001 deaths
1887:1939 births
1826:(1971–1997)
1793:(1960–1971)
1365:30 December
1272:13 December
1254:New African
1221:"Mfi Hebdo"
1120:"Mfi Hebdo"
1045:Colvin 1968
804:Eddy Kapend
620:Paul Kagame
554:Che Guevara
552:Kabila met
428:Luba people
382:(ADFLC), a
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202:(1997–2001)
199:Independent
196:(1996–1997)
190:(1967–1996)
175:Nationality
78:Preceded by
1881:Categories
1733:1997–2001
1537:References
1524:8 February
820:Al Jazeera
761:See also:
698:See also:
672:Lubumbashi
593:South Kivu
581:South Kivu
491:See also:
422:Early life
263:Allegiance
247:Profession
236:Alma mater
228:Zoé Kabila
135:Jadotville
124:1939-11-27
1642:152898226
1565:752436625
1434:0362-4331
1262:0140-833X
1208:Dunn 2004
1100:cite book
1092:875627937
1060:Dunn 2004
1016:L'Express
864:Citations
676:president
664:Outeniqua
591:state in
454:) in the
359:in 2001.
349:Congolese
347:), was a
178:Congolese
68:In office
1696:BBC News
1518:Archived
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1195:58791298
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745:Zimbabwe
654:invasion
579:area of
472:Belgrade
468:Tashkent
215:Children
155:Kinshasa
1932:Maoists
1664:Society
1634:4006803
1027:24 July
992:24 June
741:Namibia
604:Kampala
589:Marxist
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384:Rwandan
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850:Joseph
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737:Angola
718:French
538:Kigoma
511:Manono
507:Baluba
448:Likasi
416:Joseph
226:, and
207:Spouse
1638:S2CID
1630:JSTOR
1130:2 May
646:Zaire
628:Zaire
470:, in
464:Paris
460:Lunda
392:Zaire
1782:list
1578:ISBN
1561:OCLC
1551:ISBN
1526:2022
1476:2016
1446:2018
1430:ISSN
1405:2021
1387:ISBN
1367:2018
1328:ISBN
1295:ISBN
1274:2020
1258:ISSN
1233:2019
1191:OCLC
1181:ISBN
1162:2016
1132:2010
1106:link
1088:OCLC
1078:ISBN
1029:2016
994:2021
976:ISBN
937:2016
925:IRIN
884:ISBN
848:and
743:and
690:The
662:SAS
530:Kivu
436:Moba
386:and
145:Died
118:Born
87:(as
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