378:. In 1321, a baronial revolt arose. Barons under the Earl of Hereford and others like Hugh D'Audley and Roger D'Amory petitioned the king to dismiss and exile the Despensers; the murder of Llywelyn Bren was prominent on their list of complaints. When the king refused, an alliance of local Welsh men and Marcher Lords raided Despenser's lands in Glamorgan for some ten days. This may have been when Lleucu and her sons were freed – certainly Hereford took all of Llywelyn's sons into his service about that time. Edward had to exile the Despensers until he gathered forces to defeat the barons at the
270:. With 10,000 Welshmen and his six sons, Bren went against Turberville and the English administration. He captured the Constable outside the castle and he and his men captured the outer ward, but could not break into the inner defences of the castle. They burned the town, killed some of its townsfolk and started a siege. The revolt quickly spread through Glamorgan and Gwent.
393:
gave the
Despensers and Edward further cause to regret their actions in Glamorgan after being forced to flee there. Their attempts to raise troops locally were an unsurprising failure. It led to their capture in November. Hugh, like Llywelyn, was then hanged, drawn and quartered; Edward was deposed,
365:
has claimed that
Llywelyn's execution was most likely carried out "at the command of the king himself". After parts of his body had been exhibited in various parts of the county, he was buried in the Grey Friars at Cardiff. Llywelyn's lands were seized by Despenser. This action was condemned at the
262:
Llywelyn denounced the new administration of de
Turberville, however he was accused of sedition. Llywelyn the appealed to King Edward II to call off or control his self-interested agent. But Edward ordered Llywelyn to appear before Parliament to face the treason charge. The king stated that if the
263:
charges were found true, Llywelyn would be hanged. Bren was called "Son of death" by the King of
England, and summoned to Lincoln for 27 January 1316, but secretly fled home, and had no problems starting a revolt with the general discontent throughout Wales.
330:, Llywelyn had gathered his forces in the hills and told them the revolt was his fault and he would surrender; he pleaded that only he should be punished and his followers spared. This gallant behaviour earned him the respect of his captors, including
223:. He had been the most prominent landowner in the south and his death left a regional power vacuum. There was a heavy-handed response from the English Crown to overseeing De Clare's lands. That combined with the death of several hundred men of
259:) to Earl de Clare. Bren had previously had office under the Earl who he considered a friend. Payn persecuted the Glamorgan people, who were then, like many in northern Europe at the time, in the throes of a serious famine.
334:, one of the witnesses to his surrender. Hereford and Mortimer both promised to try to intercede on Llywelyn's behalf, and promised him "leniency." Llywelyn was sent as a prisoner first to London in July 1316, and the
721:
345:, one of King Edward's favourites at court, who had become Lord of Glamorgan in November 1317. This made him the largest landowner in South Wales and a great rival of Mortimer. He took Llywelyn to
318:
forced
Llywelyn and his men to break off the Caerphilly siege after six weeks. The Welsh retreated higher up the north Glamorgan plateau, while Hereford and his men were moving south from Brecon.
338:
from 27 July 1316 to 17 June 1317. Hereford and
Mortimer urged the King to pardon Llywelyn and his family, and it seems likely that their influence won a pardon for many of Llywelyn's men.
385:
With the
Despensers' return to Edward's court, Lleucu and her sons were again imprisoned, this time in Bristol Castle, but their actions soon aroused more resistance. In October 1326,
203:
and then imprisoned in
Ireland. There is no record of him returning to Wales. Llywelyn married Lleucu (died 1349). They produced at least seven sons, who also took part in the revolt.
199:, his great-grandfather. His father was Gruffudd ap Rhys. Llywelyn is thought to have been born before 1267, as Gruffudd was dispossessed of the lordship of Senghenydd in that year by
397:
With the overthrow of Edward II, the estates in
Senghenydd were restored on 11 February 1327 to Llywelyn Bren's sons – Gruffydd, John, Meurig, Roger, William and Llywelyn. The
227:
at
Bannockburn caused a revolt in the lordship in late summer that year. Llywelyn seems not to have taken part. The revolt appears to have ended when King
314:. Troops came from Cheshire and north Wales, and some Welsh soldiers from west Wales. In March, forces advanced from Cardiff and in a brief battle at
232:
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Before the outbreak of Llywelyn's revolt in 1316, there had already been violence in the Welsh Marcher lands of south-east Wales. The
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361:, was also accused of involvement in this act at the parliament which demanded the exile of both men in 1321. However, historian
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time and later used as example of the growing tyranny of Despenser, who also imprisoned Lleucu and some of her sons in Cardiff.
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183:'s reputedly unlawful execution of Llywelyn Bren helped to lead to the eventual overthrow of both Edward II and Hugh.
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294:. Towns including Cardiff were raided and buildings burned. Edward ordered the revolt to be crushed by
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Realising the fight was hopeless, on 18 March 1316 Llywelyn surrendered to the Earl of Hereford at
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After returning to Wales, Llywelyn's revolt begun on 28 January 1316 with a surprise attack on
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685:"LLYWELYN ap GRUFFYDD or LLYWELYN BREN (died 1317) nobleman, soldier and rebel martyr"
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continued to pay at Brecon an allowance to their mother Lleucu until 12 April 1349.
302:, who gathered overwhelming forces supported by men of the chief Marcher Lords like
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In 1315, Edward II, as guardian of the three sisters and heiresses of the estate of
398:
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247:, replaced de Badlesmere with a new English administrator. Payn de Turberville of
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As antipathy to the Despensers grew, Llywelyn's death united the native Welsh and
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524:""Welsh Robin Hood's" story told in new immersive attraction at Cardiff Castle"
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Llywelyn Bren was a Welsh nobleman of the minor royal house of the cantref of
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People executed under the Plantagenets by hanging, drawing and quartering
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195:, (previously Cantref Breiniol) and Miscin, and was also a descendant of
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Considerations on the Law of High Treason, in the article of levying War
549:
Hugh Despenser the Younger and Edward II: Downfall of a King's Favourite
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659:. Vol. 34. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 21–22.
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In 1317, Llywelyn became the prisoner of the ruthless
551:. Yorkshire: Pen & Sword History. p. XCVII.
353:in what was characterised by contemporaries as an
703:
504:
623:Compact History of Welsh Heroes: Llywelyn Bren
278:, and several others were attacked, including
163:. He was a nobleman who led a 1316 revolt in
179:to invade with French support in the 1370s.
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614:Conquerors and Conquered in Medieval Wales
382:in 1322, where the Earl of Hereford died.
171:. It marked the last serious challenge to
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245:Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester
217:Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester
201:Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester
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239:Revolt and siege of Caerphilly Castle
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394:imprisoned, and probably murdered.
235:, as royal custodian in Glamorgan.
117:Revolt against the English in Wales
16:Welsh nobleman and rebel, died 1317
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399:Earls of Hereford (sixth creation)
274:Castle was sacked, as was that of
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308:Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
215:in June 1314 marked the death of
656:Dictionary of National Biography
576:. Bath: R. Crutwell. p. 81.
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588:"Hugh Le Despenser the Younger"
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251:was appointed as replacement (
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690:Dictionary of Welsh Biography
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139:
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664:Mortimer, Ian (March 2006).
147:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd ap Rhys
35:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd ap Rhys
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351:hanged, drawn and quartered
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758:
621:Jones, Craig Owen (2007).
572:Luders, Alexander (1808).
343:Hugh Despenser the Younger
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181:Hugh Despenser the Younger
695:National Library of Wales
612:Griffiths, R. A. (1994).
298:and lord of neighbouring
233:Bartholomew de Badlesmere
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650:"Llywelyn ab Rhys"
359:Hugh Despenser the Elder
207:Background of the revolt
422:"Llewelyn of the Woods"
380:Battle of Boroughbridge
683:Pierce, Thomas Jones.
668:. Thomas Dunne Books.
387:a successful rebellion
357:. Despenser's father,
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175:until the attempts of
742:People from Glamorgan
732:Executed Welsh people
355:extrajudicial killing
231:of England appointed
213:Battle of Bannockburn
173:English rule in Wales
167:in the reign of King
160:Llywelyn of the Woods
737:History of Glamorgan
666:The Greatest Traitor
280:St Georges-super-Ely
169:Edward II of England
712:13th-century births
627:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch
72:Cause of death
322:Betrayal and death
138: –
558:978-1-526-71563-0
528:cardiffcastle.com
268:Caerphilly Castle
221:Lord of Glamorgan
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625:. Llanrwst:
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591:. Retrieved
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717:1318 deaths
645:Lee, Sidney
276:Llantrisant
143: 1317
136: 1267
59: 1317
42: 1267
706:Categories
593:19 January
511:Jones 2007
405:References
193:Senghenydd
105:Allegiance
288:Llangibby
229:Edward II
225:Glamorgan
197:Ifor Bach
75:Execution
547:(2018).
499:Lee 1893
426:geni.com
155:Llewelyn
88:Children
389:led by
187:Lineage
66:, Wales
672:
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555:
455:Pierce
300:Brecon
272:Kenfig
257:custos
153:(also
145:), or
83:Lleucu
80:Spouse
253:Latin
165:Wales
108:Wales
46:Wales
670:ISBN
631:ISBN
595:2022
553:ISBN
306:and
290:and
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52:Died
31:Born
310:of
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