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31:
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ways to confront microaggressions. Microinterventions are not used to attack others about their biases, but instead they are used to allow the space for an educational dialogue. Educating a perpetrator on their biases can open up a discussion about how the intention of a comment or action can have a damaging impact. For example, phrases such as "I know you meant that joke to be funny, but that stereotype really hurt me" can educate a person on the difference between what was intended and how it is harmful to a person of color. Anti-racist microintervention strategies give the tools for people of color, white allies, and bystanders to combat against microaggressions and acts of discrimination.
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the participants said that the cause of their burnout was attributed to the white activists having unevolved or racist views. 44.4% of the activists also said that their burnout was due to white activists invalidating their perspectives as activists of color. 50% of the participants said that their burnout was caused by white activists not willing to "step up" to achieve the goals of the movement. 44.4% of participants said that their burnout was due to
6708:
2102:
2084:. Anti-racism is usually structured around conscious efforts and deliberate actions which are intended to create equal opportunities for all people on both an individual and a systemic level. As a philosophy, it can be engaged in by the acknowledgment of personal privileges, confronting acts as well as systems of racial discrimination and/or working to change personal racial biases. Major contemporary anti-racism efforts include the
63:
2225:(1537) confirmed that the Indigenous and other races are fully rational human beings who have rights to freedom and private property, even if they are heathen. Afterward, their Christian conversion effort gained momentum along social rights, while leaving the same status recognition unanswered for Africans of Black Race, and legal social racism prevailed towards the Indians or Asians. By then, the last schism of the
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The equality of nations being a basic principle of the League of
Nations, the High Contracting Parties agree to accord, as soon as possible, to all alien nationals of States Members of the League equal and just treatment in every respect, making no distinction, either in law or in fact, on account of
2612:
wrote in 1871 that ‘t may be doubted whether any character can be named which is distinctive of a race and is constant’ and that ‘lthough the existing races of man differ in many respects, as in colour, hair, shape of skull, proportions of the body, &c., yet if their whole structure be taken into
3034:
for activists of color. According to Gorski and Erakat (2019), of the 22 racial justice activists in the sample, 82% of the participants identified behaviors and attitudes of the white racial justice activists as a major source of the burnout that they feel. The same study also found that 72.2% of
3026:
Anti-racist strategies also include confronting the racial microaggression by outwardly challenging and disagreeing against the microaggression that harms a person of color. Microinterventions such as a verbal expression of "I don't want to hear that talk" and physical movements of disapproval are
3014:
Microintervention strategies aim to provide the tools needed to confront and educate racial oppressors. Specific tactics include: revealing the hidden biases or agendas behind acts of discrimination, interrupting and challenging oppressive language, educating offenders, and connecting with other
3022:
without the perpetrator's awareness. Regardless of whether microaggressions are conscious or unconscious behaviors, the first anti-racist intervention is to name the ways it is harmful for a person of color. Calling out an act of discrimination can be empowering because it provides language for
2607:
was one of the first people to scientifically contest racism. In 1836, using craniometric and brain measurements (taken by him from
Europeans and black people from different parts of the world), he refuted the belief of many contemporary naturalists and anatomists that black people have smaller
2762:
clarified his opposition and announced at a meeting that "ninety-five out of one hundred
Australians rejected the very idea of equality. Hughes had entered politics as a trade unionist and, like most others in the working class, was very strongly opposed to Asian immigration to Australia. (The
2304:
and create unified Quaker policies against slavery. This afforded the religious denomination a measure of moral authority to help begin the
American abolitionist movement. Woolman died of smallpox in England in 1775, shortly after crossing the Atlantic to spread his anti-slavery message to the
2542:"We must accept decisively and without any reservation the complete and unconditional right of the blacks to independence. Only on the basis of a mutual struggle against the domination of the white exploiters can the solidarity of black and white toilers be cultivated and strengthened".
2518:
wrote that socialism would enforce the complete equality of all nations and "give effect to the right of oppressed nations to self-determinationi.e. the right to political succession". Lenin would make anti-imperialism a tenet of
Marxist ideology and coordinate revolutions through the
3015:
allies and community members to act against discrimination. The theory is that these microinterventions allow the oppressor to see the impact of their words, and provide a space for an educational dialogue about how their actions can oppress people marginalized groups.
2754:
diplomat, who stated that his country had never signed a treaty before that did not mention God, which caused Cecil to remark perhaps this time, they would all just have to a take a chance of avoiding the wrath of the
Almighty by not mentioning Him.
2336:, a small nondenominational group that could lobby more successfully by incorporating Anglicans, who, unlike the Quakers, could lawfully sit in Parliament. The twelve founding members included nine Quakers and three pioneering Anglicans:
7689:
1042:
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Sue, Derald Wing; Alsaidi, Sarah; Awad, Michael N.; Glaeser, Elizabeth; Calle, Cassandra Z.; Mendez, Narolyn (January 2019). "Disarming racial microaggressions: Microintervention strategies for targets, White allies, and bystanders".
2983:
activities aimed at educating people about the ways they may perpetuate racism, enhancing cross-cultural understanding between racial groups, countering "everyday" racism in institutional settings, and combating extremist right-wing
3011:. Standing up against discrimination can be an overwhelming task for people of color who have been previously targeted. Anti-racists claim that microinterventions can be a tool used to act against racial discrimination.
3588:
2229:
had taken place in Europe in those few decades along political lines, and the different views on the value of human lives of different races were not corrected in the lands of
Northern Europe, which would join the
3769:
2721:, but soon came to demand equal status with the Western powers. Correcting that inequality became the most urgent international issue of the Meiji government. In that context, the Japanese delegation to the 1919
2380:, went further. Brown was willing to die on behalf of, as he said, "millions in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel, and unjust enactments ..." Many black Abolitionists, such as
2433:
2608:
brains and are thus intellectually inferior to white people, saying it was scientifically unfounded and based merely on the prejudiced opinions of travelers and explorers. The evolutionary biologist
2967:
movement have sparked a renewed interest in anti-racism in the U.S. Mass movement organizing has also been accompanied by academic efforts to foreground research regarding anti-racism in politics,
3548:
2999:
can lead to many negative consequences in a work environment, learning environment, and to their overall sense of self-worth. Anti-racism work aims to combat microaggressions and help to break
4779:
Clark, D. Anthony; Spanierman, Lisa B.; Reed, Tamilia D.; Soble, Jason R.; Cabana, Sharon (2011). "Documenting Weblog expressions of racial microaggressions that target
American Indians".
2774:, also said that it would support the clause. One contemporary Chinese diplomat said the Shandong question was far more important to his government than the clause. British Prime Minister
7658:
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stated that the
Japanese proposal was a very controversial one and he suggested that perhaps the matter was so controversial that it should not be discussed at all. Greek Prime Minister
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developed at the highest circles of its Court, to return these previously inconclusive issues to the forefront of the political discourse championed by many intellectual men since
2332:(Is it lawful to enslave the unconsenting?), read the works of Benezet, and began a lifelong effort to abolish the British slave trade. In 1787, British abolitionists formed the
2885:
3242:
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who promoted the idea that differences in behavior between human populations are purely cultural rather than determined by biological differences. Later anthropologists like
2312:
During and after the
American Revolution, Quaker ministrations and preachings against slavery began to spread beyond their denomination. In 1783, 300 Quakers, chiefly from
3570:
3478:
4947:"Racism, whiteness, and burnout in antiracism movements: How white racial justice activists elevate burnout in racial justice activists of color in the United States"
2246:. These issues gradually permeated to the lower social levels, where they were a reality lived by men and women of different races from the European racial majority.
2178:, still new in Europe and not ratified by the Vatican, began to criticize Spain's as well as their own Church's treatment and views of indigenous peoples and slaves.
2750:
also suggested that a clause banning religious discrimination should also be removed since that was also a very controversial matter. That led to objections from a
8152:
5117:
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3039:. 50% of the participants said that their burnout was caused by white activists taking credit for the work of activists of color or exploiting them in other ways.
1511:
3309:
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3442:
535:
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3597:
7406:
751:
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6631:
5526:
Gil-Riaño, Sebastián (7 May 2018). "Relocating anti-racist science: the 1950 UNESCO Statement on Race and economic development in the global South".
2269:
1920:
1283:
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met in London, at which distinguished speakers from many countries for four days discussed race problems and ways to improve interracial relations.
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at the end of the century and over the next, as the Portuguese and Spanish Empires waned. It would take another century, with the influence of the
2052:
702:
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is smaller than within them, demonstrating that the biological concept of "races" is invalid. The statement highlights that there are no specific
2277:
7278:
2333:
615:
5745:
Kobayashi, Audrey; Peake, Linda (June 2000). "Racism out of Place: Thoughts on Whiteness and an Antiracist Geography in the New Millennium".
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promoted the idea known as "psychic unity of mankind", the belief in a universal mental framework present in all humans regardless of race.
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exclusion of Asian immigration was a popular cause with unions in Canada, the US, Australia, and New Zealand in the early 20th century.)
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844:
360:
7183:
2474:
520:
8712:
6601:
5835:
Berman, Gabrielle; Paradies, Yin (February 2010). "Racism, disadvantage and multiculturalism: towards effective anti-racist praxis".
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to ratify the treaty. Strong opposition from the British Empire delegation gave him a pretext to reject the proposal. Hughes and
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3113:, movements of oppressed people continue to use tactics and words borrowed from our abolitionist and civil rights movements."
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found himself in an awkward situation since Britain had signed an alliance with Japan in 1902, but he also wanted to hold the
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Nelson, Jacqueline K.; Dunn, Kevin M.; Paradies, Yin (December 2011). "Bystander Anti-Racism: A Review of the Literature".
4041:
Fletcher, I. C. (1 April 2005). "Introduction: New Historical Perspectives on the First Universal Races Congress of 1911".
2045:
1064:
335:
149:
4630:"Making Black Lives Matter in academia: A Black feminist call for collective action against anti-blackness in the academy"
8357:
8027:
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6941:
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3899:"Advocating for social justice, equity, and inclusion in the workplace: An agenda for anti-racist learning organizations"
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1380:
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1184:
834:
652:
270:
255:
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Gillborn, David (2006). "Critical Race Theory and Education: Racism and anti-racism in educational theory and praxis".
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4548:
3852:"Black Lives Matter and the Civil Rights Movement: A Comparative Analysis of Two Social Movements in the United States"
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are being promoted in predominantly white countries in order to deliberately turn them minority-white and hence cause
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Microaggressions can be conscious acts where the perpetrator is aware of the offense they are causing, or hidden and
2726:
2361:
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2174:, many of the members of the clergy who were sent to the New World who were educated in the new humane values of the
2141:
908:
739:
201:
179:
4687:"Workplace hate speech and rendering Black and Native lives as if they do not matter: A nightmarish autoethnography"
3149:
stated that Mugabe framed the land distribution as a way to liberate Zimbabwe from colonialism, but that "the white
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people of color to bring awareness to their lived experiences and justifies internal feelings of discrimination.
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2628:'s classification of humanity into "higher and lower races". The two authors influenced American anthropologist
7016:
6591:
6448:
5429:"Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance"
4553:
4347:"Trotskyology: A review of John Kelly, Contemporary Trotskyism: Parties, Sects and Social Movements in Britain"
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3146:
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17:
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Although the proposal received a majority (11 out of 16) of votes, the proposal was still problematic for the
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with a petition against the Britain's involvement in the Atlantic slave trade. In 1785, English abolitionist
1952:
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2185:, a Dominican friar, was the first European to rebuke openly the Spanish authorities and administrators of
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for their "cruelty and tyranny" in dealing with the American natives and those forced to labor as slaves.
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5157:"Where does that billboard phrase, 'Anti-racist is a code word for anti-white,' come from? It's not new"
4500:
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The Chinese delegation, which was otherwise at daggers drawn with the Japanese over the question of the
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1972:
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Jones-Eversley, Sharon; Adedoyin, A. Christson; Robinson, Michael A.; Moore, Sharon E. (2017-10-02).
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for their support and declared that the defeat of the South would be a victory for all of humanity.
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1008:
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3083:, for example, was based in part on his fear that the U.S. was using the war as an excuse to expand
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3141:, whereby privately held land was taken from white farmers and distributed to black Africans (see:
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Socialist groups have also been closely aligned with a number of anti-racist organizations such as
2538:. In response to the programmatic document of the South African Left Opposition, he wrote in 1935:
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Slocum, Rachel (March 2006). "Anti-racist Practice and the Work of Community Food Organizations".
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Trotsky and Black nationalism" in The Trotsky reappraisal.Brotherstone, Terence; Dukes, Paul,(eds)
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A History of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450-1990: A Documentary Sourcebook
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4734:"Protesting Black Inequality: A Commentary on the Civil Rights Movement and Black Lives Matter"
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were repealed in the South and blacks finally re-won the right to vote in Southern states. Dr.
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5133:"Billboard from 'white genocide' segregation group goes up along highway near Birmingham, Ala"
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2384:, explicitly argued for the humanity of blacks and mulattoes, and the equality of all people.
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1935:
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Binhas, Adi; Cohen, Nissim (28 June 2019). "Policy entrepreneurs and anti-racism policies".
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in 1844, misplaced around the 1940s, and once more rediscovered in March 2005. Prior to the
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opposing slavery in the colony. After being set aside and forgotten, it was rediscovered by
2215:
whether the Indigenous were truly men who deserved baptism, Pope Paul III in the papal bull
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Opposition to racism revived in the 1920s and 1930s. At that time, anthropologists such as
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Carrim, Nazir (6 July 2006). "Anti-racism and the 'New' South African Educational Order".
5402:"Arkansas Town Responds To Controversial 'Anti-Racist Is A Code Word For Anti-White' Sign"
8:
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5085:"Corrupt, greedy and violent: Mugabe attacked by Catholic bishops after years of silence"
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continued to focus on culture and reject racial models of differences in human behavior.
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4028:"The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow . Jim Crow Stories . Segregation in the U. S. Government"
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consideration they are found to resemble each other closely in a multitude of points.’
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Koschorke, Klaus; Ludwig, Frieder; Delgado, Mariano; Spliesgart, Roland, eds. (2007).
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a general collapse of idealism in the North, Reconstruction ended, giving way to the
2014:
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4385:"On the Brain of the Negro, Compared with That of the European and the Orang-Outang"
2403:, who regarded Reconstruction as a disaster, segregated the federal government. The
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by the Europeans, but establishment views were questioned when they were applied to
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International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
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of 1542 have to be made to take a stronger line. Because some people like Fray
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1987:
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27:
Beliefs, actions, movements, and policies adopted or developed to oppose racism
5848:
5729:
5539:
4920:
4702:
4302:
How the Radical Right Has Changed Capitalism and Welfare in Europe and the USA
2068:
encompasses a range of ideas and political actions which are meant to counter
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8032:
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into new territories. Thoreau's response was chronicled in his famous essay "
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1999:
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1201:
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447:
350:
5758:
5586:
Critical Multiculturalism: Rethinking Multicultural and Antiracist Education
5035:
Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong
4628:
Bell, Myrtle P.; Berry, Daphne; Leopold, Joy; Nkomo, Stella (January 2021).
4579:
2300:, persuaded many fellow Quakers to emancipate their slaves, divest from the
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8347:
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4384:
3946:
A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies, by Bartoleme de Las Casas
3749:
3674:
3663:
3644:
3209:
3100:
3099:. Gandhi's example in turn inspired the American civil rights movement. As
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2551:
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2493:
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1833:
1712:
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1395:
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1355:
978:
871:
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589:
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355:
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35:
5213:
Multiculturalism in the United States: Current Issues, Contemporary Voices
5015:
8362:
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8117:
7957:
7870:
7821:
7796:
7696:
7379:
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6543:
6121:
6101:
4146:"Reading Karl Marx with Abraham Lincoln | International Socialist Review"
3411:
3189:
2989:
2952:
2855:, which gained popularity during 1905–1926, were explicitly egalitarian.
2802:
2570:
2555:
2504:
2500:
2484:
was perceived as a rupture with imperialism for various civil rights and
2434:
Address of the International Working Men's Association to Abraham Lincoln
2175:
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1516:
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1310:
1223:
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6885:
6472:
6126:
6116:
6053:
5474:
White Bound: Nationalists, Antiracists, and the Shared Meanings of Race
5344:"'White Genocide': White Supremacists and the Politics of Reproduction"
4995:
4856:
4645:
4473:
4095:
3898:
3654:
3255:
3213:
3126:
3008:
2828:
2729:. The first draft was presented to the League of Nations Commission by
2629:
2186:
2126: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2077:
2009:
2004:
1885:
1880:
1776:
1752:
1603:
1496:
1454:
1410:
1218:
1206:
1179:
1169:
1089:
464:
459:
430:
365:
206:
5303:
Amalgamation Schemes: Antiblackness and the Critique of Multiracialism
4654:
4418:
4366:"Comrades at war: the decline and fall of the Socialist Workers Party"
3914:
8537:
8485:
8202:
7801:
6911:
6636:
6571:
6076:
5179:
Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right
4792:
2956:
2909:
2798:
2562:
2520:
2512:
The Socialist Revolution and the Rights of Nation to Self-Determinism
2489:
2454:
2407:
grew to its greatest peak of popularity and strength; the success of
2171:
1910:
1858:
1561:
1154:
240:
2916:
saw increased articulation of ideas opposed to racism of all kinds.
2847:
was a very visible advocate for minority rights during this period.
2101:
8502:
8332:
8259:
7910:
7836:
7741:
7701:
7066:
7061:
7056:
6981:
6976:
6921:
6606:
5895:
Anti-racism Digital Library and International Anti-racism Thesaurus
5277:
5068:
4731:
4451:
The Myth of Race: The Troubling Persistence of An Unscientific Idea
4346:
4193:
The Comintern and the Global South: Global Designs/Local Encounters
3205:
3154:
3130:
3064:
2985:
2751:
2565:
commentators have argued that capitalism promotes racism alongside
2204:
2163:
1875:
1697:
1618:
1263:
1189:
1094:
1054:
395:
390:
385:
310:
305:
250:
3176:
The phrase "Anti-racist is a code word for anti-white", coined by
2492:
groups across the world. This was given further credence with the
6986:
6890:
6870:
6843:
6818:
6722:
6566:
5908:
5373:
From Freedom Fighters to Terrorists: Women and Political Violence
3678:
3150:
2696:
2395:. The period from about 1890 to 1920 saw the re-establishment of
2365:
2289:
315:
211:
191:
164:
139:
62:
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3157:
have been supplanted by a black elite that is just as abusive."
7962:
6971:
6875:
6853:
6848:
6798:
5944:
5903:
5882:
5161:
3052:
2692:
2313:
1315:
300:
196:
174:
169:
119:
3364:
Mouvement contre le racisme et pour l'amitié entre les peuples
3243:
International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
7972:
6803:
6581:
2843:
argued for the equality of humans across races and cultures.
1325:
124:
5894:
3030:
It is claimed that white racial justice activists can cause
2971:, inclusion in higher education, and workplace anti-racism.
2702:
8584:
8413:
4278:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 177–181.
3804:
3448:
3121:
Some of these uses have been controversial. Critics in the
2680:
1957:
1786:
4499:
Nachrichten Informationsdienst Wissenschaft (2019-09-10).
4000:"Pope Paul III on the Human Dignity of the Indians (1537)"
3479:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
3180:
Robert Whitaker, is commonly associated with the topic of
2546:
Through the 1930s, the first viable black trade unions in
2465:
and advocated more radical abolitionist measures with his
5913:
4389:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
4242:
4240:
4190:
Mahler, Anne Garland; Capuzzo, Paolo (30 December 2022).
2691:. It also indicates that the idea of "races" is based on
5718:
Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education
4778:
2935:" speech is a condensation of his egalitarian ideology.
5651:
Teaching/learning Anti-racism: A Developmental Approach
5649:
Derman-Sparks, Louise; Phillips, Carol Brunson (1997).
4552:. Vol. 9. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
3830:
National Museum of African American History and Culture
3310:
Centre for Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism
4474:
Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology (2019-09-10).
4237:
4220:
Revolutionary World: Global Upheaval in the Modern Age
3051:
Since the 1960s, November 20th has been celebrated in
2713:
After the end of seclusion in the 1850s, Japan signed
2467:
Address of the International Working Men's Association
2364:. Though many Abolitionists did not regard blacks or
5648:
4839:
4627:
4432:
Darwin, Charles. "Chapter VII: On the Races of Man".
2368:
as equal to whites, they did, in general, believe in
3598:
Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity
2211:
questioned not only the Crown but the Papacy at the
3165:
2356:Later successes in opposing racism were won by the
5813:
5699:White Awareness: Handbook for Anti-racism Training
5300:
5105:
3897:Bohonos, Jeremy W.; Sisco, Stephanie (June 2021).
3316:European Commission against Racism and Intolerance
3224:in 2014, and it was also spotted on billboards in
2671:and other 20th century scientists. It claims that
2328:, and in the course of writing an essay in Latin (
8548:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
6632:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
5747:Annals of the Association of American Geographers
3903:New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education
3388:Racist and Xenophobic Behaviour Monitoring Centre
3231:
1921:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
8689:
5150:
5148:
4531:. Netherlands: A.W. Sijthoff Leiden. p. 35.
4006:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 290–291.
3971:"Bartolemé de las Casas Decries Spanish Cruelty"
3589:Institute for the Study of Global Racial Justice
2624:, an early biological anthropologist criticized
2503:movements with financial funds against European
8208:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
5603:Gilroy, Paul (1990). "The End of Anti-Racism".
5209:
5203:
2812:
2797:to succeed in getting the votes needed for the
1567:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
7690:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
5834:
5744:
5528:The British Journal for the History of Science
4598:
4596:
4453:. Harvard University Press. pp. 146–164.
4223:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 28–29.
3977:. Rutgers University Press. pp. 109–110.
3975:The Native Peoples of North America: A History
3527:The People's Institute for Survival and Beyond
2334:Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade
1043:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
6738:
5929:
5632:Antiracist Education: From Theory to Practice
5145:
4189:
2733:on 13 February as an amendment to Article 21:
2473:in 1864. Lincoln would in return commend the
2417:played a major part in this member increase.
2046:
5348:Home-grown Hate: Gender and Organized Racism
5210:Kivisto, Peter; Rundblad, Georganne (2000).
4945:Gorski, Paul C; Erakat, Noura (2019-03-21).
4944:
4541:
4110:
4088:"Marx and Lincoln: An Unfinished Revolution"
3896:
3755:History of civil rights in the United States
3220:. The phrase was spotted on billboards near
2979:Anti-racism has taken various forms such as
7906:List of people killed for being transgender
5816:Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy
5607:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 191–209.
5554:
5130:
4593:
4544:"William Morris (Billy) Hughes (1862–1952)"
3991:
2893:participants and leaders marching from the
2805:vigorously opposed it as it undermined the
1259:List of people killed for being transgender
6745:
6731:
5936:
5922:
3962:
3248:UN Human Rights Council Special Rapporteur
2974:
2877:writers argued forcefully against racism.
2770:and the rest of the German concessions in
2203:in response. Enforcement was lax, and the
2053:
2039:
6602:Interminority racism in the United States
5525:
5154:
4962:
4813:
4653:
4408:
4382:
4344:
3137:had used anti-racist rhetoric to promote
2866:to include all persons in the community.
2793:, who needed the votes of segregationist
2703:Interwar period: Racial Equality Proposal
2142:Learn how and when to remove this message
7002:Social determinants of health in poverty
5715:
5243:
4781:Journal of Diversity in Higher Education
4345:Høgsbjerg, Christian (18 October 2018).
4328:"Capitalism is driving the culture wars"
4196:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1–258.
4124:American Institute for Economic Research
4040:
3968:
3944:Pagden, Anthony (1992). "Introduction".
3109:: "Throughout the world, from Africa to
3046:
2942:
2884:
2256:
331:Social determinants of health in poverty
29:
5449:
5244:Capehart, Jonathan (January 18, 2013).
5131:Silverstein, Jason (January 11, 2015).
5103:
5097:
5082:
4684:
4524:
4448:
4305:. Oxford University Press. p. 10.
4298:
4216:
4116:
3849:
3063:Egalitarianism has been a catalyst for
2906:racial segregation in the United States
2475:International Working Men's Association
14:
8690:
6674:Sociology of race and ethnic relations
5773:
5667:
5629:
5602:
5504:
5470:
5298:
5246:"A petition to 'stop white genocide'?"
5175:
5028:
4893:
4602:
4273:
4246:
4162:
3943:
2330:Anne liceat invitos in servitutem dare
6726:
5917:
5794:
5370:
5341:
5104:Bentley, Daniel (17 September 2007).
4940:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4835:
4833:
4831:
4829:
4363:
4325:
4117:Magness, Phillip W. (July 30, 2019).
4085:
3549:Antiracist Research and Policy Center
2995:Proponents of anti-racism claim that
2252:
8672:
7712:Capital punishment for homosexuality
7007:Social determinants of mental health
6697:
5696:
5399:
5350:. Psychology Press. pp. 75–96.
5307:. Univ Of Minnesota Press. pp.
5273:"'White Genocide' Billboard Removed"
4993:
4816:Handbook of Multicultural Counseling
4605:Race and Ethnicity: The Key Concepts
4299:Rathgeb, Philip (29 February 2024).
4163:Thorpe, Charles (28 February 2022).
2873:and continuing into the 1960s, many
2687:that match with conventional racial
2488:struggles and providing a space for
2374:equality of treatment for all people
2124:adding citations to reliable sources
2095:
2088:movement and workplace anti-racism.
1065:Capital punishment for homosexuality
336:Social determinants of mental health
7832:Genital modification and mutilation
6087:Discrimination based on nationality
5583:
5375:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p.
5155:Underwood, Madison (30 June 2014).
4535:
4525:Kluyver, Clasina Albertina (1920).
4143:
3304:Campaign Against Racism and Fascism
2931:was an influential force, and his "
2154:
1185:Genital modification and mutilation
24:
6752:
5443:
5400:Byng, Rhonesha (7 November 2013).
5216:. SAGE Knowledge. pp. 57–60.
4927:
4826:
4549:Australian Dictionary of Biography
4528:Documents on the League of Nations
4431:
4326:Pabst, Adrian (5 September 2023).
3607:Othering & Belonging Institute
3603:University of California, Berkeley
3515:Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice
2880:
2238:at its height, and its consequent
25:
8724:
5864:
5799:. Random House Publishing Group.
5064:"UK anger over Zimbabwe violence"
3890:
3843:
3818:
3690:Approaches to prejudice reduction
3436:
3250:on contemporary forms of racism,
2727:Covenant of the League of Nations
8713:White genocide conspiracy theory
8671:
8662:
8661:
8311:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
8148:Law for Protection of the Nation
8048:White genocide conspiracy theory
6706:
6696:
6687:
6686:
5881:
5869:
5828:10.1111/j.1530-2415.2011.01274.x
5701:. University of Oklahoma Press.
5690:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2006.00582.x
5120:from the original on 2022-05-07.
5000:. New York City: Stein and Day.
4685:Bohonos, Jeremy W (2021-06-03).
4217:Motadel, David (25 March 2021).
3969:Johansen, Bruce Elliott (2006).
3775:Internal resistance to apartheid
3765:Index of racism-related articles
3720:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
3370:National Assembly Against Racism
3258:and related forms of intolerance
3172:White genocide conspiracy theory
3166:White genocide conspiracy theory
3095:'s successful leadership of the
2663:" and distances itself from the
2393:nadir of American race relations
2358:abolitionist movement in England
2100:
1676:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
1507:Law for Protection of the Nation
1401:White genocide conspiracy theory
61:
8153:MSM blood donation restrictions
7901:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
6707:
5421:
5393:
5364:
5335:
5292:
5265:
5237:
5182:. AltaMira Press. p. 539.
5169:
5124:
5083:McGreal, Chris (2 April 2007).
5076:
5056:
5022:
4987:
4887:
4807:
4772:
4725:
4678:
4634:Gender, Work & Organization
4621:
4518:
4492:
4467:
4442:
4425:
4376:
4357:
4338:
4319:
4292:
4267:
4210:
4183:
4156:
4137:
4119:"Was Lincoln Really Into Marx?"
4079:
3948:. Penguin Group. pp. xxi.
3850:Clayton, Dewey M. (July 2018).
3558:Center for Anti-Racist Research
3430:UNITED for Intercultural Action
3262:World Conference against Racism
3091:", which in turn helped ignite
3003:by focusing on actions against
2947:Anti-racism demonstrators at a
2938:
2853:Industrial Workers of the World
2768:former German colony of Qingdao
2351:
2111:needs additional citations for
1512:MSM blood donation restrictions
1254:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
8166:(as religious or racial quota)
6592:Go back to where you came from
5776:Cambridge Journal of Education
5511:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
4603:Ansell, Amy Elizabeth (2013).
4554:Australian National University
4166:Sociology in Post-Normal Times
4061:
4034:
4020:
3937:
3232:Organizations and institutions
2422:First Universal Races Congress
2348:– all evangelical Christians.
1525:(as religious or racial quota)
13:
1:
8580:Second-generation gender bias
8296:Constitutional colorblindness
6997:Social determinants of health
5874:The dictionary definition of
5569:10.1080/01442872.2019.1634190
5477:. Stanford University Press.
5107:"Sentamu urges Mugabe action"
4818:. Thousand Oaks, California:
4750:10.1080/10705422.2017.1367343
4738:Journal of Community Practice
4383:Tiedemann, Frederick (1836).
4364:Platt, Edward (20 May 2014).
4247:Mandel, Ernest (5 May 2020).
3811:
3740:Genocide recognition politics
3705:Constitutional colorblindness
3631:People's Front of Anti Racism
3509:Showing Up for Racial Justice
3160:
2963:Mass mobilization around the
2659:, rejects the idea of human "
2170:. After the discovery of the
1953:Second-generation gender bias
1661:Constitutional colorblindness
326:Social determinants of health
5634:. Rowman & Littlefield.
5613:10.1007/978-1-349-21028-2_11
5371:Eager, Paige Whaley (2013).
5346:. In Ferber, Abby L. (ed.).
4501:"'Human races' do not exist"
4274:Hirson, Baruch, ed. (1992).
4253:. Verso Books. p. 141.
4169:. Rowman & Littlefield.
3685:Anti-subordination principle
3664:racism against Jewish people
3153:who once exploited what was
3116:
3097:Indian independence movement
3042:
2813:Mid-century American revival
2534:for the black population in
2427:
7:
8491:Medical model of disability
8343:Hate speech laws by country
5505:Wright, William D. (1998).
4542:Fitzhardinge, L.F. (1983).
4055:10.1215/01636545-2005-92-99
3637:
3627:(Australia and New Zealand)
3538:
3497:Red and Anarchist Skinheads
3340:Institute of Race Relations
3286:Aktion Kinder des Holocaust
3267:
2725:proposed the clause in the
2577:whilst refusing to address
2530:had advocated for national
1864:Medical model of disability
1708:Hate speech laws by country
38:march in Philadelphia, 1988
10:
8729:
8600:Social model of disability
7052:Discrimination against men
5943:
5653:. Teachers College Press.
5450:Bonnett, Alastair (2005).
3612:
3169:
2860:Springfield, Massachusetts
2816:
2758:Australian Prime Minister
2738:their race or nationality.
2706:
2599:
2431:
2091:
1973:Social model of disability
381:Discrimination against men
8657:
8396:
8273:
8066:
7953:Opposition to immigration
7677:
7307:
7144:
6904:
6854:Race / Ethnicity
6791:
6760:
6682:
6559:
6392:
6160:
6062:
5951:
5849:10.1080/01419870802302272
5837:Ethnic and Racial Studies
5730:10.1080/01596300500510229
5540:10.1017/S0007087418000286
4899:Pedagogy of the oppressed
4703:10.1177/13505084211015379
4505:nachrichten.idw-online.de
3533:Vera Institute of Justice
3382:Newham Monitoring Project
3376:"Never Again" Association
3298:Black Equity Organisation
3236:
2949:2020 George Floyd protest
2657:German Zoological Society
2389:Southern United Statesand
2387:Due to resistance in the
1306:Opposition to immigration
175:Race / Ethnicity
7948:Occupational segregation
7717:Compulsory sterilization
5795:Kendi, Ibram X. (2019).
5788:10.1080/0305764980280304
5471:Hughey, Matthew (2012).
5176:Kaplan, Jeffrey (2000).
4964:10.1177/1468796819833871
4607:. Routledge. p. 9.
4449:Sussman, Robert (2014).
3868:10.1177/0021934718764099
3856:Journal of Black Studies
3571:Racial Justice Institute
3406:Show Racism the Red Card
3394:Residents Against Racism
2782:'s delegation together.
2709:Racial Equality Proposal
2274:Province of Pennsylvania
1301:Occupational segregation
1070:Compulsory sterilization
8476:Internalized oppression
8338:Fighting Discrimination
8328:Fat acceptance movement
8286:Anti-discrimination law
7926:Native American mascots
6622:Psychometrics of racism
6072:Anti-miscegenation laws
5797:How to Be an Antiracist
5759:10.1111/0004-5608.00202
5605:Race and Local Politics
5342:Perry, Barbara (2004).
4994:Ashe, Geoffrey (1968).
4351:International Socialism
3188:which states that mass
3143:Land reform in Zimbabwe
3106:Lies My Teacher Told Me
2975:Intervention strategies
2969:criminal justice reform
2851:organizations like the
2742:After Makino's speech,
2442:Criticism of capitalism
1849:Internalized oppression
1703:Fighting Discrimination
1693:Fat acceptance movement
1653:Anti-discrimination law
1279:Native American mascots
8595:Social identity threat
8568:Reverse discrimination
8558:Racial color blindness
8038:Violence against women
8018:Sex-selective abortion
6587:Ethnic plastic surgery
6082:Biological determinism
5697:Katz, Judy H. (2003).
5630:Kailin, Julie (2002).
5499:Teachers College Press
5494:Raising Race Questions
5299:Sexton, Jared (2008).
4410:10.1098/rstl.1836.0025
4250:Trotsky as Alternative
4043:Radical History Review
3710:Racial color blindness
3700:Civil rights movements
3580:Center for Anti-Racism
3451:(BAMN) (United States)
3449:By Any Means Necessary
3358:Love Music Hate Racism
3184:, a white nationalist
3147:Roman Catholic bishops
3060:
2960:
2929:Martin Luther King Jr.
2904:The struggles against
2901:
2807:White Australia policy
2740:
2723:Paris Peace Conference
2588:, Stand Up to Racism,
2586:Love Music Hate Racism
2573:and representation of
2544:
2457:was supportive of the
2282:American abolitionists
2265:
2213:Valladolid Controversy
2209:Bartolomé de las Casas
1968:Social identity threat
1941:Reverse discrimination
1931:Racial color blindness
1391:Violence against women
1371:Sex-selective abortion
39:
8563:Religious intolerance
8523:Political correctness
8353:Intersex human rights
8301:Cultural assimilation
7983:Religious persecution
7747:Disability hate crime
7522:Jewish / Antisemitism
6507:In Jewish communities
6485:Hispanic & Latino
5890:at Wikimedia Commons
5584:May, Stephen (1999).
4844:American Psychologist
3790:Political correctness
3730:Environmental justice
3650:Abolitionist Teaching
3594:Ohio State University
3567:Georgetown University
3424:Unite Against Fascism
3252:racial discrimination
3079:'s opposition to the
3050:
2981:consciousness-raising
2946:
2921:Civil Rights Movement
2888:
2823:Civil Rights Movement
2748:Eleftherios Venizelos
2735:
2594:Unite Against Fascism
2579:economic inequalities
2540:
2414:The Birth of a Nation
2278:anti-slavery petition
2260:
2183:Antonio de Montesinos
1936:Religious intolerance
1896:Political correctness
1718:Intersex human rights
1666:Cultural assimilation
1336:Religious persecution
1100:Disability hate crime
867:Jewish / Antisemitism
33:
7968:Political repression
6957:Anti-left handedness
6947:Anti-intellectualism
6597:Herrenvolk democracy
5588:. Psychology Press.
5491:Michael, Ali (2014)
3715:Critical race theory
3670:Anti-bias curriculum
3485:One People's Project
3473:Friends Stand United
3443:Anti-Racism and Hate
3081:Mexican–American War
2914:Sharpeville massacre
2864:The Springfield Plan
2638:Bronisław Malinowski
2616:German ethnographer
2569:over issues such as
2554:were established by
2362:in the United States
2302:Atlantic slave trade
2120:improve this article
1321:Political repression
286:Anti-left handedness
276:Anti-intellectualism
8471:Historical eugenics
8008:Segregation academy
7988:Religious terrorism
7777:Enemy of the people
7685:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
7189:Jehovah's Witnesses
7077:Perpetual foreigner
6617:Perpetual foreigner
5682:2006Antip..38..327S
5251:The Washington Post
5138:New York Daily News
4903:Bloomsbury Academic
4822:. pp. 181–191.
4401:1836RSPT..126..497T
3735:Genocide prevention
3545:American University
3491:Roots of Resistance
3400:Rock Against Racism
3292:Anti-Fascist Action
3222:Birmingham, Alabama
3218:forced assimilation
3202:low fertility rates
3077:Henry David Thoreau
3057:Black Awareness Day
2895:Washington Monument
2891:March on Washington
2869:Beginning with the
2655:, published by the
2646:Claude Lévi-Strauss
2605:Friedrich Tiedemann
2346:William Wilberforce
2288:, a small group of
2286:American Revolution
1844:Historical eugenics
1361:Segregation academy
1341:Religious terrorism
1130:Enemy of the people
1038:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
526:Jehovah's Witnesses
406:Perpetual foreigner
8383:Social integration
8378:Self-determination
8368:Racial integration
8316:Diversity training
8306:Cultural pluralism
8281:Affirmative action
8181:Racial segregation
8091:Crime of apartheid
7993:Religious violence
7486:Indigenous people
6881:Sexual orientation
6647:Racial integration
6627:Race and sexuality
6432:Japanese Americans
6152:Racial segregation
6142:Racial nationalism
4857:10.1037/amp0000296
4814:Helms, J. (1996).
4646:10.1111/gwao.12555
4476:"Jenaer Erklärung"
4435:The Descent of Man
4086:Blackburn, Robin.
4069:"Lincoln and Marx"
3826:"Being Antiracist"
3585:Rutgers University
3461:Black Lives Matter
3455:Anti-Racist Action
3418:Stand Up To Racism
3321:Félag Anti-Rasista
3226:Harrison, Arkansas
3089:Civil Disobedience
3061:
2965:Black Lives Matter
2961:
2908:and South African
2902:
2871:Harlem Renaissance
2819:Harlem Renaissance
2795:Southern Democrats
2776:David Lloyd George
2532:self-determination
2482:Russian Revolution
2463:American Civil War
2382:Frederick Douglass
2318:British Parliament
2266:
2253:Quaker initiatives
2181:In December 1511,
2168:indigenous peoples
2162:was spread to the
2086:Black Lives Matter
1748:Social integration
1743:Self-determination
1733:Racial integration
1681:Diversity training
1671:Cultural pluralism
1648:Affirmative action
1540:Racial segregation
1450:Crime of apartheid
1346:Religious violence
831:Indigenous people
202:Sexual orientation
40:
8685:
8684:
8553:Racism by country
8481:Intersectionality
8466:Heteronormativity
8265:Voter suppression
8013:Sexual harassment
7812:Forced conversion
7732:Cultural genocide
7385:African Americans
7199:post–Cold War era
7184:Eastern Orthodoxy
6942:Anti-drug addicts
6937:Anti-homelessness
6864:Scientific racism
6720:
6719:
6468:African Americans
6415:Chinese Americans
6112:Ethnic stereotype
5886:Media related to
5806:978-0-525-50929-5
5708:978-0-8061-3560-1
5660:978-0-8077-3637-1
5641:978-0-7425-1824-7
5622:978-1-349-21028-2
5595:978-0-7507-0768-8
5518:978-0-275-96197-8
5484:978-0-8047-8331-6
5463:978-1-134-69590-4
5357:978-0-415-94415-1
5049:978-1-62097-455-1
5038:. New York City:
4912:978-1-5013-1413-1
4901:. New York City:
4820:SAGE Publications
4614:978-0-415-33794-6
4563:978-0-522-84459-7
4460:978-0-674-41731-1
4312:978-0-19-269138-5
4285:978-0-7486-0317-6
4260:978-1-78960-701-7
4230:978-1-107-19840-1
4203:978-1-000-82976-1
4176:978-1-7936-2598-4
4013:978-0-8028-2889-7
3984:978-0-8135-3899-0
3915:10.1002/ace.20428
3760:Holocaust studies
3660:Anti-antisemitism
3576:Temple University
3554:Boston University
3186:conspiracy theory
3178:white nationalist
3139:land distribution
3129:, stated that in
2845:Eleanor Roosevelt
2772:Shandong Province
2677:human populations
2673:genetic variation
2575:ethnic minorities
2526:Marxist theorist
2446:Racial capitalism
2270:German immigrants
2152:
2151:
2144:
2063:
2062:
1926:Racism by country
1854:Intersectionality
1839:Heteronormativity
1624:Voter suppression
1366:Sexual harassment
1165:Forced conversion
1085:Cultural genocide
730:African Americans
536:post–Cold War era
521:Eastern Orthodoxy
271:Anti-drug addicts
266:Anti-homelessness
185:Scientific racism
16:(Redirected from
8720:
8675:
8674:
8665:
8664:
8605:Social privilege
8590:Social exclusion
8518:Police brutality
8439:Multiculturalism
8409:Amatonormativity
8240:Social exclusion
8076:Age of candidacy
7876:Homeless dumping
7782:Ethnic cleansing
6747:
6740:
6733:
6724:
6723:
6710:
6709:
6700:
6699:
6690:
6689:
6544:Racial supremacy
6502:Jewish Americans
6480:Native Americans
6449:Zainichi Koreans
6437:Japanese Koreans
6420:Zainichi Chinese
6393:Racism by target
6170:Global apartheid
6162:Racism by region
6147:Racial profiling
6137:Racial hierarchy
5938:
5931:
5924:
5915:
5914:
5909:All Together Now
5885:
5873:
5860:
5831:
5810:
5791:
5770:
5741:
5712:
5693:
5664:
5645:
5626:
5599:
5580:
5551:
5522:
5488:
5467:
5437:
5436:
5425:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5397:
5391:
5390:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5339:
5333:
5332:
5327:
5325:
5306:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5285:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5258:
5241:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5152:
5143:
5142:
5128:
5122:
5121:
5109:
5101:
5095:
5094:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5030:Loewen, James W.
5026:
5020:
5019:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4966:
4942:
4925:
4924:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4837:
4824:
4823:
4811:
4805:
4804:
4793:10.1037/a0021762
4776:
4770:
4769:
4744:(3–4): 309–324.
4729:
4723:
4722:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4657:
4625:
4619:
4618:
4600:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4446:
4440:
4439:
4429:
4423:
4422:
4412:
4380:
4374:
4373:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4323:
4317:
4316:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4271:
4265:
4264:
4244:
4235:
4234:
4214:
4208:
4207:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4160:
4154:
4153:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4114:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4103:
4092:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4024:
4018:
4017:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3822:
3780:Multiculturalism
3745:Genocide studies
3725:Economic justice
3619:All Together Now
3467:Catalyst Project
3426:(United Kingdom)
3420:(United Kingdom)
3408:(United Kingdom)
3402:(United Kingdom)
3384:(United Kingdom)
3372:(United Kingdom)
3360:(United Kingdom)
3352:Les Indivisibles
3348:(Czech Republic)
3342:(United Kingdom)
3329:(United Kingdom)
3306:(United Kingdom)
3300:(United Kingdom)
3294:(United Kingdom)
3282:(United Kingdom)
3280:Anti-Nazi League
3111:Northern Ireland
3073:anti-imperialist
3032:activism burnout
3020:metacommunicated
2997:microaggressions
2899:Lincoln Memorial
2875:African-American
2717:, the so-called
2715:unequal treaties
2695:rather than any
2653:Jena Declaration
2590:Anti-Nazi League
2496:supporting many
2438:Anti-imperialism
2316:, presented the
2155:European origins
2147:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2127:
2104:
2096:
2070:racial prejudice
2055:
2048:
2041:
1978:Social privilege
1963:Social exclusion
1891:Police brutality
1812:Multiculturalism
1782:Amatonormativity
1599:Social exclusion
1435:Age of candidacy
1229:Homeless dumping
1135:Ethnic cleansing
65:
42:
41:
21:
8728:
8727:
8723:
8722:
8721:
8719:
8718:
8717:
8708:Social theories
8688:
8687:
8686:
8681:
8653:
8528:Polyculturalism
8424:Civil liberties
8392:
8373:Reappropriation
8274:Countermeasures
8269:
8198:Racial steering
8164:Numerus clausus
8068:
8062:
7787:Ethnic conflict
7722:Corrective rape
7673:
7303:
7258:minority Muslim
7140:
7032:HIV/AIDS stigma
6900:
6849:Mental disorder
6787:
6756:
6751:
6721:
6716:
6678:
6657:Racism in sport
6555:
6549:White supremacy
6388:
6156:
6092:Ethnic conflict
6064:
6058:
5952:Types of racism
5947:
5942:
5867:
5807:
5709:
5661:
5642:
5623:
5596:
5519:
5485:
5464:
5446:
5444:Further reading
5441:
5440:
5427:
5426:
5422:
5412:
5410:
5407:Huffington Post
5398:
5394:
5387:
5369:
5365:
5358:
5340:
5336:
5330:white genocide.
5323:
5321:
5319:
5297:
5293:
5283:
5281:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5256:
5254:
5242:
5238:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5208:
5204:
5194:
5192:
5190:
5174:
5170:
5153:
5146:
5129:
5125:
5113:The Independent
5102:
5098:
5081:
5077:
5072:. 1 April 2000.
5062:
5061:
5057:
5050:
5042:. p. 251.
5027:
5023:
5008:
4992:
4988:
4943:
4928:
4913:
4892:
4888:
4838:
4827:
4812:
4808:
4777:
4773:
4730:
4726:
4683:
4679:
4626:
4622:
4615:
4601:
4594:
4584:
4582:
4564:
4540:
4536:
4523:
4519:
4510:
4508:
4497:
4493:
4484:
4482:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4447:
4443:
4430:
4426:
4381:
4377:
4362:
4358:
4343:
4339:
4324:
4320:
4313:
4297:
4293:
4286:
4272:
4268:
4261:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4215:
4211:
4204:
4188:
4184:
4177:
4161:
4157:
4144:Nichols, John.
4142:
4138:
4129:
4127:
4115:
4111:
4101:
4099:
4090:
4084:
4080:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4039:
4035:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4014:
3996:
3992:
3985:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3942:
3938:
3895:
3891:
3848:
3844:
3835:
3833:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3795:Stop Asian Hate
3640:
3615:
3541:
3529:(United States)
3523:(United States)
3517:(United States)
3511:(United States)
3505:(United States)
3499:(United States)
3487:(United States)
3481:(United States)
3475:(United States)
3469:(United States)
3463:(United States)
3457:(North America)
3445:(United States)
3439:
3432:(all of Europe)
3270:
3239:
3234:
3174:
3168:
3163:
3119:
3045:
3037:white fragility
3001:systemic racism
2977:
2959:, United States
2941:
2883:
2881:1960s expansion
2849:Anti-capitalist
2825:
2817:Main articles:
2815:
2711:
2705:
2689:categorizations
2685:genetic markers
2665:racial theories
2642:Pierre Clastres
2602:
2471:Abraham Lincoln
2452:
2450:Racial equality
2430:
2372:and often even
2354:
2342:Thomas Clarkson
2338:Granville Sharp
2322:Thomas Clarkson
2305:Quakers of the
2298:Anthony Benezet
2255:
2249:
2160:European racism
2157:
2148:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2117:
2105:
2094:
2074:systemic racism
2059:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2026:
1901:Polyculturalism
1797:Civil liberties
1769:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1738:Reappropriation
1640:
1639:Countermeasures
1632:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1557:Racial steering
1523:Numerus clausus
1427:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1140:Ethnic conflict
1075:Corrective rape
1030:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1018:
655:
644:
643:
642:
641:
640:
595:minority Muslim
483:
473:
472:
471:
470:
469:
361:HIV/AIDS stigma
233:
225:
224:
223:
222:
221:
170:Mental disorder
112:
104:
103:
102:
101:
100:
73:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8726:
8716:
8715:
8710:
8705:
8700:
8683:
8682:
8680:
8679:
8669:
8658:
8655:
8654:
8652:
8651:
8646:
8645:
8644:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8623:
8622:
8617:
8612:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8577:
8576:
8575:
8573:Reverse racism
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8543:Prisoner abuse
8540:
8535:
8533:Power distance
8530:
8525:
8520:
8515:
8510:
8505:
8500:
8499:
8498:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8451:Ethnic penalty
8448:
8447:
8446:
8444:Neurodiversity
8441:
8431:
8429:Dehumanization
8426:
8421:
8419:Cisnormativity
8416:
8411:
8406:
8400:
8398:
8397:Related topics
8394:
8393:
8391:
8390:
8385:
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8319:
8318:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8277:
8275:
8271:
8270:
8268:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8255:State religion
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8236:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8220:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8194:
8193:
8191:Nuremberg Laws
8188:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8140:
8135:
8133:Ghetto benches
8130:
8128:Gerrymandering
8125:
8120:
8115:
8113:Gender pay gap
8110:
8109:
8108:
8103:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8072:
8070:
8067:Discriminatory
8064:
8063:
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7938:
7933:
7923:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7896:Lavender scare
7893:
7891:Kill Haole Day
7888:
7886:Indian rolling
7883:
7878:
7873:
7868:
7863:
7862:
7861:
7851:
7846:
7845:
7844:
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7772:Eliminationism
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7754:
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7744:
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7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7707:Cancel culture
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7681:
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7678:Manifestations
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7564:Middle Eastern
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7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
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7314:
7312:
7305:
7304:
7302:
7301:
7299:Zoroastrianism
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7275:
7274:
7264:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7260:
7255:
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7221:Untouchability
7218:
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7059:
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7049:
7044:
7042:Leprosy stigma
7039:
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7024:
7019:
7014:
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6999:
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6754:Discrimination
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6704:
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6683:
6680:
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6671:
6669:Reverse racism
6666:
6665:
6664:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6642:Racial figleaf
6639:
6634:
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6609:
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6560:Related topics
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6311:United Kingdom
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6063:Manifestations
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5880:at Wiktionary
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5865:External links
5863:
5862:
5861:
5843:(2): 214–232.
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5822:(1): 263–284.
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5782:(3): 301–320.
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5676:(2): 327–349.
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5557:Policy Studies
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4957:(5): 784–808.
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3182:white genocide
3170:Main article:
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3093:Mahatma Gandhi
3044:
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2976:
2973:
2940:
2937:
2933:I Have a Dream
2882:
2879:
2841:Ashley Montagu
2814:
2811:
2791:Woodrow Wilson
2787:segregationist
2780:British Empire
2731:Makino Nobuaki
2719:Ansei Treaties
2707:Main article:
2704:
2701:
2622:Rudolf Virchow
2610:Charles Darwin
2601:
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2516:Vladimir Lenin
2486:decolonization
2429:
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2409:D. W. Griffith
2401:Woodrow Wilson
2376:. A few, like
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2324:, studying at
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2191:King Ferdinand
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8279:
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8266:
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8256:
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8250:State atheism
8248:
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8209:
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8199:
8196:
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8189:
8187:
8186:Jim Crow laws
8184:
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8182:
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8171:One-drop rule
8169:
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8086:Blood quantum
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8044:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8033:Victimisation
8031:
8029:
8028:Trans bashing
8026:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7998:Religious war
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7978:Racialization
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7928:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7864:
7860:
7857:
7856:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7849:Glass ceiling
7847:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7792:Ethnic hatred
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7727:Counter-jihad
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7691:
7688:
7687:
7686:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7676:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7610:
7607:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7528:
7525:
7524:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7501:
7500:United States
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7487:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7400:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7382:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7364:
7363:United States
7361:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7315:
7313:
7311:
7306:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7284:Protestantism
7282:
7280:
7277:
7273:
7270:
7269:
7268:
7265:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7235:
7234:
7231:
7230:
7229:
7226:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7213:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7194:LDS or Mormon
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7176:
7175:
7172:
7170:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7151:
7149:
7147:
7143:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7119:Transmisogyny
7117:
7115:
7112:
7111:
7110:
7107:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7094:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7022:Gerontophobia
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6952:Anti-intersex
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6927:Anti-albinism
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6909:
6907:
6903:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6856:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6790:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6768:Institutional
6766:
6765:
6763:
6759:
6755:
6748:
6743:
6741:
6736:
6734:
6729:
6728:
6725:
6713:
6705:
6703:
6695:
6693:
6685:
6684:
6681:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6663:
6660:
6659:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6558:
6550:
6547:
6546:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6539:Wine industry
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6499:
6498:
6495:
6491:
6488:
6487:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6461:
6457:
6454:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6445:
6442:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6429:
6428:
6425:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6391:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6368:
6367:South America
6365:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6355:United States
6353:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6345:North America
6343:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6319:
6316:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6227:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6193:
6190:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6177:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6132:Racialization
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6097:Ethnic hatred
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6069:
6067:
6061:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6014:Laissez-faire
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5999:Institutional
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5984:Environmental
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5950:
5946:
5939:
5934:
5932:
5927:
5925:
5920:
5919:
5916:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5878:
5872:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5833:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5817:
5812:
5808:
5802:
5798:
5793:
5789:
5785:
5781:
5777:
5772:
5768:
5764:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5748:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5714:
5710:
5704:
5700:
5695:
5691:
5687:
5683:
5679:
5675:
5671:
5666:
5662:
5656:
5652:
5647:
5643:
5637:
5633:
5628:
5624:
5618:
5614:
5610:
5606:
5601:
5597:
5591:
5587:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5524:
5520:
5514:
5510:
5509:
5503:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5490:
5486:
5480:
5476:
5475:
5469:
5465:
5459:
5456:. Routledge.
5455:
5454:
5448:
5447:
5434:
5430:
5424:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5396:
5388:
5386:9781409498575
5382:
5378:
5374:
5367:
5359:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5338:
5331:
5320:
5314:
5310:
5305:
5304:
5295:
5280:
5279:
5274:
5268:
5253:
5252:
5247:
5240:
5225:
5223:9780761986485
5219:
5215:
5214:
5206:
5191:
5189:9780742503403
5185:
5181:
5180:
5172:
5164:
5163:
5158:
5151:
5149:
5140:
5139:
5134:
5127:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5108:
5100:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5079:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5059:
5051:
5045:
5041:
5040:The New Press
5037:
5036:
5031:
5025:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5007:0-8154-1107-3
5003:
4999:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4941:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4895:Freire, Paulo
4890:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4845:
4836:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4821:
4817:
4810:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4786:
4782:
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4763:
4759:
4755:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4728:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4681:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4640:(S1): 39–57.
4639:
4635:
4631:
4624:
4616:
4610:
4606:
4599:
4597:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4545:
4538:
4530:
4529:
4521:
4506:
4502:
4495:
4481:
4477:
4470:
4462:
4456:
4452:
4445:
4437:
4436:
4428:
4420:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4379:
4371:
4370:New Statesman
4367:
4360:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4333:
4332:New Statesman
4329:
4322:
4314:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4295:
4287:
4281:
4277:
4270:
4262:
4256:
4252:
4251:
4243:
4241:
4232:
4226:
4222:
4221:
4213:
4205:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4186:
4178:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4159:
4151:
4147:
4140:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4113:
4098:
4097:
4089:
4082:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4037:
4029:
4023:
4015:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3994:
3986:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3965:
3957:
3951:
3947:
3940:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3893:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3846:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3817:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3288:(Switzerland)
3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3198:miscegenation
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3173:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3135:Robert Mugabe
3132:
3128:
3124:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3058:
3054:
3049:
3040:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2945:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2925:Jim Crow laws
2922:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2887:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2858:In the 1940s
2856:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2837:Margaret Mead
2834:
2833:Ruth Benedict
2830:
2824:
2820:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2789:US President
2788:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2739:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2669:Ernst Haeckel
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2626:Ernst Haeckel
2623:
2619:
2618:Adolf Bastian
2614:
2611:
2606:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2499:
2498:anti-colonial
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2418:
2416:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2397:Jim Crow laws
2394:
2390:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2307:British Isles
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2263:
2259:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2240:Enlightenment
2237:
2236:French Empire
2233:
2232:Colonial race
2228:
2224:
2223:
2222:Sublimis Deus
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2146:
2143:
2135:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2109:This section
2107:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2082:racial groups
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
2000:Social stigma
1998:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1765:
1764:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1636:
1635:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1609:State atheism
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1545:Jim Crow laws
1543:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1530:One-drop rule
1528:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:Blood quantum
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1423:
1422:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1386:Victimisation
1384:
1382:
1381:Trans bashing
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1351:Religious war
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:Racialization
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1202:Glass ceiling
1200:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1145:Ethnic hatred
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1080:Counter-jihad
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1026:
1025:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
873:
870:
869:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
846:
845:United States
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
832:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
727:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
709:
708:United States
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
660:
654:
648:
647:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
621:Protestantism
619:
617:
614:
610:
607:
606:
605:
602:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
572:
571:
568:
567:
566:
563:
559:
556:
554:
551:
550:
549:
546:
544:
541:
537:
534:
532:
531:LDS or Mormon
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
513:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
488:
482:
477:
476:
466:
463:
461:
458:
454:
451:
449:
448:Transmisogyny
446:
444:
441:
440:
439:
436:
432:
429:
427:
424:
423:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
351:Gerontophobia
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
281:Anti-intersex
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
256:Anti-albinism
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
238:
229:
228:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
186:
183:
181:
178:
177:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
117:
108:
107:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
81:Institutional
79:
78:
69:
68:
64:
60:
59:
56:
53:
52:
48:
44:
43:
37:
32:
19:
8461:Gender-blind
8348:Human rights
8290:
8176:Racial quota
8163:
8143:Jewish quota
8123:Gerontocracy
8118:Gender roles
8096:Disabilities
8081:Blood purity
8053:Wife selling
8043:White flight
8023:Slut-shaming
8003:Scapegoating
7921:Murder music
7584:Palestinians
7527:Anti-Zionism
7395:South Africa
7380:Black people
7358:South Africa
7174:Christianity
7164:Baháʼí Faith
7087:Sectarianism
7027:Heterosexism
6992:Ephebiphobia
6962:Anti-Masonry
6829:Hair texture
6662:in Australia
6652:Racial quota
6576:
6296:Soviet Union
6239:Saudi Arabia
6180:South Africa
6107:Ethnic slurs
6102:Ethnic jokes
6004:Internalized
5876:
5868:
5840:
5836:
5819:
5815:
5796:
5779:
5775:
5750:
5746:
5724:(1): 11–32.
5721:
5717:
5698:
5673:
5669:
5650:
5631:
5604:
5585:
5560:
5556:
5531:
5527:
5507:
5492:
5473:
5452:
5432:
5423:
5411:. Retrieved
5405:
5395:
5372:
5366:
5347:
5337:
5329:
5322:. Retrieved
5302:
5294:
5282:. Retrieved
5276:
5267:
5255:. Retrieved
5249:
5239:
5227:. Retrieved
5212:
5205:
5193:. Retrieved
5178:
5171:
5160:
5136:
5126:
5111:
5099:
5090:The Guardian
5088:
5078:
5067:
5058:
5034:
5024:
4996:
4989:
4954:
4950:
4898:
4889:
4848:
4842:
4815:
4809:
4787:(1): 39–50.
4784:
4780:
4774:
4741:
4737:
4727:
4694:
4691:Organization
4690:
4680:
4637:
4633:
4623:
4604:
4583:. Retrieved
4547:
4537:
4527:
4520:
4509:. Retrieved
4504:
4494:
4483:. Retrieved
4479:
4469:
4450:
4444:
4434:
4427:
4392:
4388:
4378:
4369:
4359:
4350:
4340:
4331:
4321:
4301:
4294:
4275:
4269:
4249:
4219:
4212:
4192:
4185:
4165:
4158:
4150:isreview.org
4149:
4139:
4128:. Retrieved
4122:
4112:
4100:. Retrieved
4094:
4081:
4072:
4063:
4046:
4042:
4036:
4022:
4003:
3993:
3974:
3964:
3945:
3939:
3906:
3902:
3892:
3859:
3855:
3845:
3834:. Retrieved
3832:. 2019-10-01
3829:
3820:
3750:Hate studies
3677:(countering
3675:Anti-fascism
3662:(countering
3645:Abolitionism
3560:, headed by
3210:white people
3175:
3120:
3104:
3101:James Loewen
3062:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3017:
3013:
2994:
2978:
2962:
2939:21st century
2918:
2903:
2868:
2857:
2826:
2784:
2765:
2760:Billy Hughes
2757:
2741:
2736:
2712:
2699:factuality.
2650:
2634:Marcel Mauss
2615:
2603:
2583:
2567:culture wars
2560:
2552:South Africa
2545:
2541:
2536:South Africa
2528:Leon Trotsky
2525:
2511:
2510:In his work,
2509:
2494:Soviet Union
2479:
2466:
2453:
2420:In 1911 the
2419:
2412:
2405:Ku Klux Klan
2399:. President
2386:
2355:
2352:Abolitionism
2329:
2311:
2294:John Woolman
2292:, including
2267:
2248:
2220:
2217:Veritas Ipsa
2216:
2200:
2194:
2193:enacted the
2180:
2158:
2138:
2129:
2118:Please help
2113:verification
2110:
2080:of specific
2065:
2064:
1834:Gender-blind
1713:Human rights
1535:Racial quota
1522:
1502:Jewish quota
1482:Gerontocracy
1477:Gender roles
1455:Disabilities
1440:Blood purity
1406:Wife selling
1396:White flight
1376:Slut-shaming
1356:Scapegoating
1274:Murder music
929:Palestinians
872:Anti-Zionism
740:South Africa
725:Black people
703:South Africa
511:Christianity
501:Baháʼí Faith
416:Sectarianism
356:Heterosexism
321:Ephebiphobia
291:Anti-Masonry
150:Hair texture
36:Ku Klux Klan
8698:Anti-racism
8363:Nonviolence
8358:LGBT rights
8323:Empowerment
8291:Anti-racism
8213:Segregation
8158:No kid zone
7958:Persecution
7871:Hate speech
7822:Gay bashing
7797:Ethnic joke
7752:Dog whistle
7697:Blood libel
7375:Azerbaijani
7279:Neopaganism
7272:Persecution
7233:Persecution
7216:Persecution
7179:Catholicism
7159:Exclusivism
7109:Transphobia
7092:Supremacism
7047:Lesbophobia
6967:Aporophobia
6932:Anti-autism
6783:Taste-based
6778:Statistical
6577:Anti-racism
6318:Middle East
6212:South Korea
6207:North Korea
6122:Hate speech
6044:Substantive
6024:Neocolonial
5900:Anti-Racism
5888:Anti-racism
5877:Anti-racism
5453:Anti-Racism
4951:Ethnicities
4507:(in German)
4395:: 497–527.
4073:jacobin.com
3621:(Australia)
3412:SOS Racisme
3346:In IUSTITIA
3194:integration
3190:immigration
3075:movements.
2990:neo-Fascist
2953:Minneapolis
2919:During the
2803:Joseph Cook
2571:immigration
2556:Trotskyists
2501:third world
2461:during the
2264:'s blessing
2227:Reformation
2176:Renaissance
2132:August 2020
2066:Anti-racism
1728:Nonviolence
1723:LGBT rights
1688:Empowerment
1657:Anti-racism
1572:Segregation
1517:No kid zone
1311:Persecution
1224:Hate speech
1175:Gay bashing
1150:Ethnic joke
1105:Dog whistle
1050:Blood libel
720:Azerbaijani
616:Neopaganism
609:Persecution
570:Persecution
553:Persecution
516:Catholicism
496:Exclusivism
438:Transphobia
421:Supremacism
376:Lesbophobia
296:Aporophobia
261:Anti-autism
96:Taste-based
91:Statistical
8692:Categories
8637:Stereotype
8632:Speciesism
8513:Oppression
8508:Oikophobia
8404:Allophilia
8388:Toleration
8245:Sodomy law
8138:Internment
8058:Witch-hunt
7936:Blackhawks
7866:Hate group
7854:Hate crime
7827:Gendercide
7817:Freak show
7807:Excellence
7767:Employment
7737:Defamation
7664:Vietnamese
7659:Venezuelan
7544:Lithuanian
7206:Falun Gong
7136:Xenophobia
7131:Vegaphobia
7114:Non-binary
7072:Pedophobia
7037:Homophobia
6859:Skin color
6819:Disability
6792:Attributes
6773:Structural
6456:Vietnamese
6229:Arab world
6127:Hate group
6117:Hate crime
6054:Xenophobia
6034:Scientific
6019:Linguistic
4921:1090608425
4655:2263/85604
4511:2023-11-17
4485:2023-11-17
4130:2023-06-15
4096:Libcom.org
3955:0140445625
3836:2020-08-11
3812:References
3655:Allophilia
3256:xenophobia
3212:to become
3161:Opposition
3127:Peter Hain
3125:, such as
3103:writes in
3009:oppression
2912:including
2862:, invoked
2829:Franz Boas
2752:Portuguese
2744:Lord Cecil
2697:scientific
2630:Franz Boas
2432:See also:
2378:John Brown
2262:John Brown
2201:Valladolid
2187:Hispaniola
2078:oppression
2076:, and the
2010:Stereotype
2005:Speciesism
1886:Oppression
1881:Oikophobia
1777:Allophilia
1753:Toleration
1604:Sodomy law
1497:Internment
1411:Witch-hunt
1289:Blackhawks
1219:Hate group
1207:Hate crime
1180:Gendercide
1170:Freak show
1160:Excellence
1120:Employment
1090:Defamation
1009:Vietnamese
1004:Venezuelan
889:Lithuanian
543:Falun Gong
465:Xenophobia
460:Vegaphobia
443:Non-binary
401:Pedophobia
366:Homophobia
180:Skin color
140:Disability
111:Attributes
86:Structural
8610:Christian
8538:Prejudice
8486:Masculism
8434:Diversity
8228:religious
8203:Redlining
7802:Ethnocide
7762:Education
7649:Ukrainian
7579:Pakistani
7569:Mongolian
7490:Australia
7472:Hungarian
7427:Colombian
7407:Bulgarian
7289:Rastafari
7238:Ahmadiyya
7146:Religious
7124:Trans men
7082:Pregnancy
7017:Gayphobia
7012:Fatphobia
6917:Acephobia
6912:Arophobia
6896:Viewpoint
6637:Race card
6572:Alt-right
6372:Argentina
6333:Palestine
6251:Australia
6077:Apartheid
6065:of racism
5767:128707952
5577:198739874
4981:150419287
4973:1468-7968
4865:1935-990X
4801:1938-8934
4766:148583031
4758:1070-5422
4719:236294224
4711:1350-5084
4672:224844343
4664:0968-6673
4572:1833-7538
4102:March 15,
3931:240576110
3923:1052-2891
3884:148805128
3876:0021-9347
3493:(Canada)
3396:(Ireland)
3334:Zokorayız
3323:(Iceland)
3312:(Belgium)
3276:(Germany)
3228:in 2013.
3117:Criticism
3043:Influence
2957:Minnesota
2910:apartheid
2889:The 1963
2799:US Senate
2563:left-wing
2548:Transvaal
2521:Comintern
2490:oppressed
2455:Karl Marx
2428:Socialism
2326:Cambridge
2276:issued a
2268:In 1688,
2172:New World
1983:Christian
1911:Prejudice
1859:Masculism
1807:Diversity
1587:religious
1562:Redlining
1155:Ethnocide
1115:Education
994:Ukrainian
924:Pakistani
914:Mongolian
835:Australia
817:Hungarian
772:Colombian
752:Bulgarian
626:Rastafari
575:Ahmadiyya
481:Religious
453:Trans men
411:Pregnancy
346:Gayphobia
341:Fatphobia
246:Acephobia
241:Arophobia
217:Viewpoint
8667:Category
8649:The talk
8585:Snobbery
8503:Net bias
8333:Feminism
8260:Ugly law
8101:Catholic
8069:policies
7916:Mortgage
7911:Lynching
7842:examples
7837:Genocide
7757:Economic
7742:Democide
7702:Bullying
7614:Scottish
7609:Romanian
7574:Nigerian
7517:Japanese
7452:Georgian
7437:Filipino
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7343:Armenian
7333:American
7328:Albanian
7310:National
7294:Yazidism
7211:Hinduism
7169:Buddhism
7067:Nepotism
7062:Misogyny
7057:Misandry
6982:Clannism
6977:Biphobia
6922:Adultism
6839:Language
6692:Category
6607:Lynching
6582:Casteism
6427:Japanese
6286:Portugal
6217:Thailand
6185:Zimbabwe
6049:Symbolic
6039:Societal
6029:Romantic
5994:Gendered
5974:Cultural
5964:Colorism
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5857:38546112
5670:Antipode
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5278:NBC News
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5069:BBC News
5032:(2018).
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4881:58576434
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3638:See also
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3151:settlers
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3069:anti-war
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2992:groups.
2986:neo-Nazi
2675:between
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2505:colonial
2366:mulattos
2244:Rousseau
2205:New Laws
2164:Americas
2022:The talk
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1876:Net bias
1698:Feminism
1619:Ugly law
1460:Catholic
1426:Policies
1269:Mortgage
1264:Lynching
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1190:Genocide
1110:Economic
1095:Democide
1055:Bullying
959:Scottish
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862:Japanese
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