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cave visible to the prisoners. These prisoners, through having no other experience of reality, ascribe forms to these shadows such as either "dog" or "cat". Plato then goes on to explain how the philosopher is akin to a prisoner who is freed from the cave. The prisoner is initially blinded by the light, but when he adjusts to the brightness he sees the fire and the statues and how they caused the images witnessed inside the cave. He sees that the fire and statues in the cave were just copies of the real objects; merely imitations. This is analogous to the Forms. What we see from day to day are merely appearances, reflections of the Forms. The philosopher, however, will not be deceived by the shadows and will hence be able to see the 'real' world, the world above that of appearances; the philosopher will gain knowledge of things in themselves. At the end of this allegory, Plato asserts that it is the philosopher's burden to reenter the cave. Those who have seen the ideal world, he says, have the duty to educate those in the material world. Since the philosopher recognizes what is truly good only he is fit to rule society according to Plato.
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defeated by the courts or vested interests; his son responds by accumulating wealth in order to gain power in society and defend himself against the same predicament, thereby becoming an oligarch. The oligarch's son will grow up with wealth without having to practice thrift or stinginess, and will be tempted and overwhelmed by his desires, so that he becomes democratic, valuing freedom above all. The democratic man is torn between tyrannical passions and oligarchic discipline, and ends up in the middle ground: valuing all desires, both good and bad. The tyrant will be tempted in the same way as the democrat, but without an upbringing in discipline or moderation to restrain him. Therefore, his most base desires and wildest passions overwhelm him, and he becomes driven by lust, using force and fraud to take whatever he wants. The tyrant is both a slave to his lusts, and a master to whomever he can enslave. Socrates points out the human tendency to be corrupted by power leads down the road to
2581:, corresponding to the rulers, auxiliaries, and producing classes in the city. Having established the tripartite soul, Socrates defines the virtues of the individual. A person is wise if he is ruled by the part of the soul that knows "what is beneficial for each part and for the whole," courageous if his spirited part "preserves in the midst of pleasures and pains" the decisions reached by the rational part, and temperate if the three parts agree that the rational part lead (442câd). They are just if each part of the soul attends to its function and not the function of another. It follows from this definition that one cannot be just if one does not have the other cardinal virtues. In this regard, Plato can be seen as a progenitor of the concept of '
2565:(ÎłÎ”ÎœÎœÎ±áżÎżÎœ ÏΔῊΎοÏ, gennaion pseudos), to convince everyone in the city to perform their social role. All are born from the womb of their mother country, so that all are siblings, but their natures are different, each containing either gold (guardians), silver (auxiliaries), or bronze or iron (producers). If anyone with a bronze or iron nature rules the city, it will be destroyed. Socrates claims that if the people believed "this myth... would have a good effect, making them more inclined to care for the state and one another." Socrates claims the city will be happiest if each citizen engages in the occupation that suits them best. If the city as a whole is happy, then individuals are happy.
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2818:. He finishes by detailing the rewards of being just, both in this life and the next. Artists create things but they are only different copies of the idea of the original. "And whenever any one informs us that he has found a man who knows all the arts, and all things else that anybody knows, and every single thing with a higher degree of accuracy than any other manâwhoever tells us this, I think that we can only imagine to be a simple creature who is likely to have been deceived by some wizard or actor whom he met, and whom he thought all-knowing, because he himself was unable to analyze the nature of knowledge and ignorance and imitation."
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3700:'; however, they last only one night and are the result of manipulating and drugging couples into predetermined intercourse with the aim of eugenically breeding guardian-warriors. Strauss and Bloom's interpretations, however, involve more than just pointing out inconsistencies; by calling attention to these issues they ask readers to think more deeply about whether Plato is being ironic or genuine, for neither Strauss nor Bloom present an unequivocal opinion, preferring to raise philosophic doubt over interpretive fact.
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2550:: wisdom, courage, justice and temperance. Socrates avers that beautiful style and morally good style are the same. In proposing their program of censored education, they are repurifying the luxurious or feverish city. Socrates counters the objection that people raised in censorship will be too naive to judge concerning vice by arguing that adults can learn about vice once their character has been formed; before that, they are too impressionable to encounter vice without danger.
3115:. He advances an authoritarian ideal, following Plato's paternalistic model. Absolute monarchy, led by a philosopher-king, creates a justly ordered society. This requires extensive use of coercion, although persuasion is preferred and is possible if the young are properly raised. Rhetoric, not logic, is the appropriate road to truth for the common man. Demonstrative knowledge via philosophy and logic requires special study. Rhetoric aids religion in reaching the masses.
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but since they cannot, they agree not to do harm to others so as not to suffer it themselves. Moreover, according to this view, all those who practice justice do so unwillingly and out of fear of punishment, and the life of the unpunished unjust man is far more blessed than that of the just man. Glaucon would like
Socrates to prove that justice is not only desirable for its consequences, but also for its own sake. To demonstrate the problem, he tells the story of
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that pertains to them, that of courage. As the emphasis on honor is compromised by wealth accumulation, it is replaced by oligarchy. The oligarchic government is dominated by the desiring element, in which the rich are the ruling class. Oligarchs do, however, value at least one virtue, that of temperance and moderationânot out of an ethical principle or spiritual concern, but because by dominating wasteful tendencies they succeed in accumulating money.
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3196:" defined by humanity's "natural" needs, desires and freedom. For Hegel this was a contradiction: since nature and the individual are contradictory, the freedoms which define individuality as such are latecomers on the stage of history. Therefore, these philosophers unwittingly projected man as an individual in modern society onto a primordial state of nature. Plato however had managed to grasp the ideas specific to his time:
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3364:, his citizen can be compared to a Platonic Guardian, without the communal breeding and property, but still having a militaristic base. Although there are significant differences in the specifics of the system, Heinlein and Plato both describe systems of limited franchise, with a political class that has supposedly earned their power and wisely governs the whole. The
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warriors, demanding that citizens perform civic duties in the interest of the state, and utilizing state intervention in education to promote the development of warriors and future rulers of the state. Plato was an idealist, focused on achieving justice and morality, while
Mussolini and fascism were realist, focused on achieving political goals.
2511:, who â with the help of a ring that turns him invisible â achieves great advantages for himself by committing injustices. Many think that anyone would and should use the ring as Gyges did if they had it. Glaucon uses this argument to challenge Socrates to defend the position that the just life is better than the unjust life.
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is a principle in human nature which is disposed to raise a laugh, and this which you once restrained by reason, because you were afraid of being thought a buffoon, is now let out again; and having stimulated the risible faculty at the theatre, you are betrayed unconsciously to yourself into playing the comic poet at home.
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2792:. From this, he concludes that ruling should be left to philosophers, who are the most just and therefore least susceptible to corruption. This "good city" is depicted as being governed by philosopher-kings; disinterested persons who rule not for their personal enjoyment but for the good of the city-state (
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was an attempt to preserve Greece: it was a reactionary reply to the new freedoms of private property etc., that were eventually given legal form through Rome. Accordingly, in ethical life, it was an attempt to introduce a religion that elevated each individual not as an owner of property, but as the
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of the good government". The rulers assemble couples for reproduction, based on breeding criteria. Thus, stable population is achieved through eugenics and social cohesion is projected to be high because familial links are extended towards everyone in the city. Also the education of the youth is such
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The virtues discovered in the city are then sought in the individual soul. For this purpose, Socrates creates an analogy between the parts of the city and the soul (the cityâsoul analogy). He argues that psychological conflict points to a divided soul, since a completely unified soul could not behave
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are unsatisfied with
Socrates's defense of justice. They ask Socrates to defend justice against an alternative view that they attribute to many. According to this view, the origin of justice is in social contracts. Everyone would prefer to get away with harm to others without suffering it themselves,
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At this point, Thrasymachus claims that the unjust person is wiser than the just person, and
Socrates gives three arguments refuting Thrasymachus. However, Thrasymachus ceases to engage actively with Socrates's arguments, and Socrates himself seems to think that his arguments are inadequate, since he
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Socrates, having to his satisfaction defined the just constitution of both city and psyche, moves to elaborate upon the four unjust constitutions of these. Adeimantus and
Polemarchus interrupt, asking Socrates instead first to explain how the sharing of wives and children in the guardian class is to
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Socrates suggests that they use the city as an image to seek how justice comes to be in the soul of an individual. After attributing the origin of society to the individual not being self-sufficient and having many needs which he cannot supply himself, Socrates first describes a "healthy state" made
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Thrasymachus then responds to this refutation by claiming that insofar as the stronger make mistakes, they are not in that regard the stronger. Socrates refutes
Thrasymachus with a further argument: Crafts aim at the good of their object, and therefore to rule is for the benefit of the ruled and not
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Quite true, he said. And the same may be said of lust and anger and all the other affections, of desire and pain and pleasure, which are held to be inseparable from every actionâin all of them poetry feeds and waters the passions instead of drying them up; she lets them rule, although they ought to
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And does not the same hold also of the ridiculous? There are jests which you would be ashamed to make yourself, and yet on the comic stage, or indeed in private, when you hear them, you are greatly amused by them, and are not at all disgusted at their unseemlinessâthe case of pity is repeatedâthere
3627:. The discussion of right order is occasioned by the questions: "Is justice better than injustice?" and "Will an unjust man fare better than a just man?" The introductory question is balanced by the concluding answer: "Justice is preferable to injustice". In turn, the foregoing are framed with the
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Many critics have suggested that the dialogue's political discussion actually serves as an analogy for the individual soul, in which there are also many different "members" that can either conflict or else be integrated and orchestrated under a just and productive "government." Among other things,
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is not an abstract theory or ideal which is too good for the real nature of man, but rather is not ideal enough, not good enough for the ideals already inherent or nascent in the reality of his time; a time when Greece was entering decline. One such nascent idea was about to crush the Greek way of
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Following Plato, Ibn Rushd accepts the principle of women's equality. They should be educated and allowed to serve in the military; the best among them might be tomorrow's philosophers or rulers. He also accepts Plato's illiberal measures such as the censorship of literature. He uses examples from
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when, due to miscalculation on the part of its governing class, the next generation includes persons of an inferior nature, inclined not just to cultivating virtues but also producing wealth. In a timocracy, governors will apply great effort in gymnastics and the arts of war, as well as the virtue
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expounded a number of ideas that fascism promoted, such as rule by an elite promoting the state as the ultimate end, opposition to democracy, protecting the class system and promoting class collaboration, rejection of egalitarianism, promoting the militarization of a nation by creating a class of
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Plato is not the man to dabble in abstract theories and principles; his truth-loving mind has recognized and represented the truth of the world in which he lived, the truth of the one spirit that lived in him as in Greece itself. No man can overleap his time, the spirit of his time is his spirit
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And the same object appears straight when looked at out of the water, and crooked when in the water; and the concave becomes convex, owing to the illusion about colours to which the sight is liable. Thus every sort of confusion is revealed within us; and this is that weakness of the human mind on
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In parallel to this, Socrates considers the individual or soul that corresponds to each of these regimes. He describes how an aristocrat may become weak or detached from political and material affluence, and how his son will respond to this by becoming overly ambitious.The timocrat in turn may be
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Plato imagines a group of people who have lived their entire lives as prisoners, chained to the wall of a cave in the subterranean so they are unable to see the outside world behind them. However a constant flame illuminates various moving objects outside, which are silhouetted on the wall of the
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In Books VâVII the abolition of riches among the guardian class (not unlike Max Weber's bureaucracy) leads controversially to the abandonment of the typical family, and as such no child may know his or her parents and the parents may not know their own children. Socrates tells a tale which is the
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They suggest that the second part of the guardians' education should be in gymnastics. With physical training they will be able to live without needing frequent medical attention: physical training will help prevent illness and weakness. Socrates claims that any illness requiring constant medical
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tendencies of his teacher. Popper thought Plato's envisioned state totalitarian as it advocated a government composed only of a distinct hereditary ruling class, with the working classâwho Popper argues Plato regards as "human cattle"âgiven no role in decision making. He argues that Plato has no
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that should not be pursued or even be used as an orientation-point for political development. Rather, its purpose is said to be to show how things would have to be connected, and how one thing would lead to anotherâoften with highly problematic resultsâif one would opt for certain principles and
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Socrates proceeds to search for wisdom, courage, and temperance in the city, on the grounds that justice will be easier to discern in what remains (427e). They find wisdom among the guardian rulers, courage among the guardian warriors (or auxiliaries), temperance among all classes of the city in
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Socrates asserts that both male and female guardians be given the same education, that all wives and children be shared, and that they be prohibited from owning private property so that guardians will not become possessive and keep their focus on the good of the whole city. He adds a third class
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They then explore how to obtain guardians who will not become tyrants to the people they guard. Socrates proposes that they solve the problem with an education from their early years. He then prescribes the necessary education, beginning with the kind of stories that are appropriate for training
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In the physical education and diet of the guardians, the emphasis is on moderation, since both poverty and excessive wealth will corrupt them (422a1). He argues that a city without wealth can defend itself successfully against wealthy aggressors. Socrates says that it is pointless to worry over
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exists in chaos. In a tyrannical government, the city is enslaved to the tyrant, who uses his guards to remove the best social elements and individuals from the city to retain power (since they pose a threat), while leaving the worst. He will also provoke warfare to consolidate his position as
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Cephalus answers by saying that many are unhappy about old age because they miss their youth, but he finds that "old age brings us profound repose and freedom from this and other passions. When the appetites have abated, and their force is diminished, the description of
Sophocles is perfectly
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ruled people and did not impose anything like a philosopher-kingship. However, it can be argued whether these men became "tyrants" through studying in the academy. Plato's school had an elite student body, some of whom would by birth, and family expectation, end up in the seats of power.
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true nature was to bring to light the nature of political things. In fact, Strauss undermines the justice found in the "Just City in Speech" by implying the city is not natural, it is a man-made conceit that abstracts away from the erotic needs of the body. The city founded in the
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Adeimantus supplements
Glaucon's speech with further arguments. He suggests that the unjust should not fear divine judgement, since the very poets who wrote about such judgement also wrote that the gods would grant forgiveness to those who made religious sacrifice.
2796:). The philosophers have seen the "Forms" and therefore know what is good. They understand the corrupting effect of greed and own no property and receive no salary. The philosopher-kings also live in sober communism, eating and sleeping together among themselves.
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up of producers who make enough for a modest subsistence, but
Glaucon considers this hardly different than "a city of pigs." Socrates then goes on to describe the luxurious city, which he calls "a fevered state". Acquiring and defending these luxuries requires a
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argued that although the work "was wrong on almost every point, the questions it raises and the methods it uses are essential to the western tradition of philosophy. Without it we might not have philosophy as we know it." In 2021, a survey showed that the
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of Plato's dialogues. However, the distinction of this group from the early dialogues is not as clear as the distinction of the late dialogues from all the others. Nonetheless, Ritter, Arnim, and Baronâwith their separate methodologiesâall agreed that the
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as the state non-private concern. Together with Leo
Strauss, Voegelin considered Popper's interpretation to be a gross misunderstanding not only of the dialogue itself, but of the very nature and character of Plato's entire philosophic enterprise.
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and foreigners the meaning of justice and whether the just man is happier than the unjust man. He considers the natures of existing regimes and then proposes a series of hypothetical cities in comparison, culminating in Kallipolis (ÎαλλίÏολÎčÏ), a
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be defined and legislated, a theme first touched on in Book III. Socrates is overwhelmed at their request, categorizing it as three "waves" of attack against which his reasoning must stand firm. These three waves challenge Socrates' claims that
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primarily depicts Plato's distinction between the world of appearances and the 'real' world of the Forms. Just as visible objects must be illuminated in order to be seen, so must also be true of objects of knowledge if light is cast on them.
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life: modern freedomsâor Christian freedoms in Hegel's viewâsuch as the individual's choice of his social class, or of what property to pursue, or which career to follow. Such individual freedoms were excluded from Plato's Republic:
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Franck, Matthew. "Aldous Huxleyâs City in Speech: Brave New World and the Republic of Plato" Paper presented at the annual meeting of The Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois, Apr 15, 2004
3620:(part I), followed by an analysis (part III) of the decline the order must traverse. The three parts compose the main body of the dialogues, with their discussions of the "paradigm", its embodiment, its genesis, and its decline.
2323:, which shares many features with earlier dialogues, is thought to have originally been written as a separate work, and then the remaining books were conjoined to it, perhaps with modifications to the original of the first book.
3560:' that all men are brothers, born of the earth, yet there is a clear hierarchy and class divisions. There is a tripartite explanation of human psychology that is extrapolated to the city, the relation among peoples. There is no
2645:. This philosopher-king must be intelligent, reliable, and willing to lead a simple life. However, these qualities are rarely manifested on their own, and so they must be encouraged through education and the study of the Good.
2943:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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agreeing about who should rule and who should be ruled. Finally, Socrates defines justice in the city as the state in which each class performs only its own work, not meddling in the work of the other classes (433b).
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sense of the concept. Finally, since very little is actually known about what was taught at Plato's Academy, there is no small controversy over whether it was even in the business of teaching politics at all.
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that they are taught of only works of writing that encourage them to improve themselves for the state's good, and envision (the) god(s) as entirely good, just, and the author(s) of only that which is good.
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is best understood as an analysis of the workings and moral improvement of the individual soul with remarkable thoroughness and clarity. This view, of course, does not preclude a legitimate reading of the
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Polemarchus suggests that what is appropriate is to do good to friends and bad to enemies, but harming someone tends to make them unjust, and so on his definition, justice would tend to create injustice.
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as a political treatise (the work could operate at both levels). It merely implies that it deserves more attention as a work on psychology and moral philosophy than it has sometimes received.
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who seized political power and abandoned philosophy for ruling a city. Despite being well-versed in Greek and having direct contact with Plato himself, some of Plato's former students like
3552:. More practically, Socrates suggests that members of the lower classes could rise to the higher ruling class, and vice versa, if they had 'gold' in their veinsâa version of the concept of
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realized. It is like being delivered from a multitude of furious masters." The repose gives him time to dedicate himself to sacrifices and justice so that he is prepared for the afterlife.
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Plato recognized and caught up the true spirit of his times, and brought it forward in a more definite way, in that he desired to make this new principle an impossibility in his Republic.
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was creating not a blueprint for a real city, but a learning exercise for the young men in the dialogue. There are many points in the construction of the "Just City in Speech" that seem
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in opposite ways towards the same object, at the same time, and in the same respect (436b). He gives examples of possible conflicts between the rational, spirited, and appetitive
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He speaks about illusions and confusion. Things can look very similar, but be different in reality. Because we are human, at times we cannot tell the difference between the two.
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As this socioeconomic divide grows, so do tensions between social classes. From the conflicts arising out of such tensions, the poor majority overthrow the wealthy minority, and
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interest in what are commonly regarded as the problems of justiceâthe resolution of disputes between individualsâbecause Plato has redefined justice as "keeping one's place".
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this analogical reading would solve the problem of certain implausible statements Plato makes concerning an ideal political republic. Norbert Blössner (2007) argues that the
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Socrates' argument is that in the ideal city, a true philosopher with understanding of forms will facilitate the harmonious co-operation of all the citizens of the cityâthe
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3602:(city). Part II, no. 1, concerns marriage, the community of people and goods for the guardians, and the restraints on warfare among the Hellenes. It describes a partially
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One may owe it to someone to return them a knife one has borrowed, but if he has since gone mad and would only harm himself with it, returning the knife would not be just.
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3165:, invented the technique of using the portrayal of a "utopia" as the carrier of his thoughts about the ideal society. More's island Utopia is also similar to Plato's
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If it is just to do what rulers (the stronger) say and rulers make mistakes about their advantage, then it is just to do what is disadvantageous for the stronger.
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For an oft-cited argument that the analogy does not work, see T. Penner, "Thought and Desire in Plato." in G Vlastos ed., Plato, Vol. 2. Anchor Books, 1971
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Plato. Plato in Twelve Volumes, Vols. 5 & 6 translated by Paul Shorey. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1969.
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specific laws, like those pertaining to contracts, since proper education ensures lawful behavior, and poor education causes lawlessness (425aâ425c).
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
2755:, the lower class grows bigger and bigger. The populism of the democratic government leads to mob rule, fueled by fear of oligarchy, which a clever
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attention is too unhealthy to be worth living. By analogy, any society that requires constant litigation is too unhealthy to be worth maintaining.
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3068:, written some three centuries later. Cicero's dialogue imitates Plato's style and treats many of the same topics, and Cicero's main character
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or city-state, and Plato attempts to survey all possible forms of the state, while Cicero's discussion focuses more on the improvement of the
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distinction revolves around whether Plato really wanted to see the "Just City in Speech" of Books VâVI come to pass, or whether it is just an
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Sometimes we let our passions rule our actions or way of thinking, although they should be controlled, so that we can increase our happiness.
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3544:(Baton Rouge, 1957), gave meaning to the concept of 'Just City in Speech' (Books IIâV). For instance, there is evidence in the dialogue that
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in 1814, "Socrates had reason indeed to complain of the misrepresentations of Plato; for in truth his dialogues are libels on Socrates." (
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and concludes that such artists have no place in the just city. He continues on to argue for the immortality of the psyche and espouses a
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in the book is when Socrates asks "is life painful at that age, or what report do you make of it?" when speaking to the aged Cephalus.
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With all of us, we may approve of something, as long we are not directly involved with it. If we joke about it, we are supporting it.
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which the art of conjuring and deceiving by light and shadow and other ingenious devices imposes, having an effect upon us like magic.
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for a dinner and festival. They eventually end up at Polemarchus' house where Socrates encounters Polemarchus' father Cephalus.
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In Books VIIIâIX stand Plato's criticism of the forms of government. Plato categorized governments into five types of regimes:
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human reproduction ought to be regulated by the state and all offspring should be ignorant of their actual biological parents
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guardians. They conclude that stories that ascribe evil to the gods or heroes or portray the afterlife as bad are untrue and
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Concluding a theme brought up most explicitly in the Analogies of the Sun and Divided Line in Book VI, Socrates finally
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all things are common to all people." He identifies Plato's ideal society with the early Church as described in the
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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himself would not be a member of his 'ideal' state. His life was almost solely dedicated to the private pursuit of
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respected Plato's theories of state and ethics much more than those of the early modern philosophers such as
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Islamic philosophers were much more interested in Aristotle than Plato, but not having access to Aristotle's
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was controversial and was viewed with some embarrassment by some of the later Stoics due to its defenses of
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Donald McQuarie "Utopia and Transcendence: An Analysis of Their Decline in Contemporary Science Fiction"
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Russia's Plato: Plato and the Platonic Tradition in Russian Education, Science, and Ideology (1840â1930)
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Additionally, it is important that it is by no means obvious that these men were tyrants in the modern,
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distinction between auxiliaries (rank and file soldiers) and guardians (the leaders who rule the city).
98:
Title page of the oldest complete manuscript: Paris, BibliothĂšque Nationale, Gr. 1807 (late 9th century)
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to make the men in the dialogue question for themselves the ultimate value of the proposals. In turn,
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Blössner, Norbert. The City-Soul Analogy, G. R. F. Ferrari (Translator). In: G. R. F. Ferrari (Ed.),
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Unde apud Platonem illa civitas justissime ordinata traditur, in qua quisque proprios nescit affectus
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carry them through rigorously. This interpretation argues that large passages in Plato's writing are
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4647:"The Function of the Ideal in Plato's 'Republic' and St. Thomas More's 'Utopia' " by K. Corrigan
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if any of the candidate specific dates between 432 and 404 were assigned". Nails, Debra (2002),
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has a dystopian government that bears a resemblance to the form of government described in the
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P. Oxy. 3679, manuscript from the 3rd century AD, containing fragments of Plato's Republic.
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4671:"We find it in Plato's Republic, and in Utopia More acknowledges his debt to that book."
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In the fictional tale known as the myth or parable of the metals, Socrates presents the
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Malcolm Schofield, "Plato and Practical Politics", in C. Rowe and M. Schofield (eds.),
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2546:. They also decide to regulate narrative and musical style so as to encourage the four
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Socrates then asks his interlocutors for a definition of justice. Three are suggested:
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gets into a conversation with Cephalus. The first real philosophical question posed by
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5043:) and agreeing with him, wrote that Plato "was Socrates' Judas." (Ryle, G. (1947). p.
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3084:; Augustine equally described a model of the "ideal city", in his case the eternal
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Interpreting Thomas More's Utopia By John Charles Olin Fordham Univ Press, 1989.
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An argument that has been used against ascribing ironic intent to Plato is that
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3836:. These findings highlight the influence of Plato during those times in Egypt.
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One of many examples is that Socrates calls the marriages of the ruling class '
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as the one book he would have taken to a desert island, alongside the Bible.
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4893:. Annual Meeting of the Speech Communication Association (73rd). Boston, MA.
3088:, using a visionary language not unlike that of the preceding philosophers.
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Popper accuses Plato of betraying Socrates. He was not the first to do so.
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4931:â In 1977 Andriessen had been awarded several prizes for this composition
4830:"These are the books students at the top US colleges are required to read"
4688:"claims that Utopia not merely emulated Plato's Republic but excelled it."
3616:, is preceded by the establishment of the economic and social orders of a
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is a general term for the actual and potential forms of government for a
4227:(Oxford Scholarship Online, 2017). DOI:10.1093/oso/9780198755746.003.0002
3821:, written around 200â300 CE. Fragments of a different version of Plato's
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also; but the point at issue is, to recognize that spirit by its content.
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4017:, The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, University of Tennessee, cf.
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6346:
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4074:
3875:
The Republic of Plato. Translated, with notes and an interpretive essay
3381:
3282:
is the most studied book in the top universities in the United States.
3181:
2982:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
2841:
be controlled, if mankind are ever to increase in happiness and virtue.
2805:
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2739:, dominated by the wisdom-loving element. Aristocracy degenerates into
2638:
2543:
2361: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Faith, Hope and Love, as portrayed by Mary Lizzie Macomber (1861â1916)
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The introduction and the conclusion are the frame for the body of the
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4274:(Fall 2017 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University,
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in some aspects, among them common property and the lack of privacy.
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An Engagement with Plato's Republic: A Companion to Plato's Republic
3402:
explored the consequences of establishing a city-state based on the
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53:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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4339:(Fall 2014 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
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3635:(Book X). The prologue is a short dialogue about the common public
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had many characteristics in common with Plato's description of the
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4969:"written for those fans of the film who are already philosophers."
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both male and female guardians ought to receive the same education
2481:
has not offered any definition of justice. The first book ends in
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4132:
The People of Plato: A Prosopography of Plato and Other Socratics
3848:
Plato: The Republic, Timaeus and Critias. New and literal version
3768:
3756:
3269:
In 2001, a survey of over 1,000 academics and students voted the
3119:
Arab history to illustrate just and degenerate political orders.
2811:
2789:
2768:
2760:
2499:
2409:
2405:
2274:
2206:
441:
5006:, reviewing Popper's text just two years after its publication (
4853:"The most popular required reading at America's top 10 colleges"
3641:(opinions) about justice. Based upon faith, and not reason, the
3218:
Greece being at a crossroads, Plato's new "constitution" in the
2940:
8802:
8603:
8391:
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5512:
Plato's Conception of Justice and the Question of Human Dignity
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leader. In this way, tyranny is the most unjust regime of all.
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4771:
Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd, 1998. pp. 66â67.
2488:
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Polemarchus: To give to each what is appropriate to him (332c)
8832:
8321:
8256:
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5713:(1935) annotated and hyperlinked text (English and Greek) at
4706:
Hegel, "Lectures on the Philosophy of History", vol II, p. 99
4697:
Hegel, "Lectures on the Philosophy of History", vol II, p. 96
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3598:
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3290:
3177:
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343:
118:
107:
7724:
On the Concept of Irony with Continual Reference to Socrates
5738:
Approaching Plato: A Guide to the Early and Middle Dialogues
5182:
The Cambridge Companion to Greek and Roman Political Thought
4959:
The Matrix and Philosophy: Welcome to the Desert of the Real
4758:. Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd, 1998. p. 66.
3470:
struck some critics as harsh, rigid, and unfree; indeed, as
2735:(ruled by a philosopher-king); a just government ruled by a
8827:
8251:
7941:
7404:
6827:
6777:
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4890:
From Plato to Orwell: Utopian Rhetoric in a Dystopian World
3962:
3893:
Plato: Republic. Translated, with notes and an introduction
3650:
2266:
2254:
490:
5147:, Cambridge University Press, 2007. (Ch. 13; pp. 345â385).
2952:
to this template: there are already 1,888 articles in the
2649:
Book VIâVII: Allegories of the Sun, Divided Line, and Cave
8396:
8291:
5366:
Plato's Caves: The Liberating Sting of Cultural Diversity
4465:(2nd ed.). Edinburgh University Press. p. 122.
4106:. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
4060:. Plato: His Philosophy and his life, allphilosophers.com
2641:
of a city-state is likened to the command of a ship, the
210:
5788:
5503:
Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Plato and the Republic
702:
5404:. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
4298:"Plato's Psychology of Action and the Origin of Agency"
4239:"Plato's Psychology of Action and the Origin of Agency"
6040:
5194:
Grenfall, Bernard Pyne; Hunt, Arthur Surridge (1898).
4403:
4401:
4399:
4073:(not to be confused with the spurious dialogue of the
3058:
The English title of Plato's dialogue is derived from
1747:
6515:
3732:"is rendered possible by the abstraction from eros".
3334:
as Winston Smith strives to liberate himself from it.
3140:(ca 1140) quotes Plato as agreeing with him that "by
2693:
2277:. The dialogue's setting seems to be the time of the
5658:
Plato's Modern Enemies and the Theory of Natural Law
5348:
Finitude and transcendence in the Platonic dialogues
4333:"Plato's Middle Period Metaphysics and Epistemology"
4101:
3681:, which raise the possibility Socrates is employing
2936:
2518:
5701:
with Stephanus numbers, side notes and full index.)
5530:
Philosopher-Kings: The Argument of Plato's Republic
4516:"The Islamic Scholar Who Gave Us Modern Philosophy"
4435:is not an exact translation of Plato's Greek title
4396:
2932:
a machine-translated version of the German article.
2210:
5655:
5642:
5601:
5288:
4982:made the same statement in a letter to his friend
4488:Averroes (Ibn Rushd) His Life, Works and Influence
4187:
4069:In ancient times, the book was alternately titled
3703:Strauss's approach developed out of a belief that
2390:Book I: Aging, Love and the Definitions of Justice
5220:
4032:Plato's 'Republic' Still Influential, Author Says
3689:has immortalized this 'learning exercise' in the
10097:
4186:Plato; Harold North Fowler; Paul Shorey (1977).
3707:wrote esoterically. The basic acceptance of the
3673:to ask readers to consider the possibility that
3372:. The arachnids can be seen as much closer to a
5184:, Cambridge University Press 2005, pp. 293â302.
4961:By William Irwin. Open Court Publishing, 2002/
4660:"Thomas More: On the Margins of Modernity " by
4179:
4078:
2588:
5593:Plato's Republic: Interpretation and Criticism
3564:among the guardians, another crude version of
3273:the greatest philosophical text ever written.
2978:accompanying your translation by providing an
2923:Click for important translation instructions.
2910:expand this section with text translated from
2458:: What is advantageous for the stronger (338c)
8212:
7420:
6972:
6501:
5804:
5780:
5408:
5251:Socrates' Second Sailing: On Plato's Republic
4595:Nam jure naturali omnia sunt communia omnibus
4513:
4268:"Plato's Ethics and Politics in The Republic"
4170:
3805:fragments were found to contain parts of the
3192:, whose theories proceeded from a fictional "
3072:expresses his esteem for Plato and Socrates.
3017:systematises many of Plato's analyses in his
2731:The starting point is an imagined, alternate
2136:
744:
8718:
5312:Plato's Republic: A Philosophical Commentary
5193:
4545:. EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica, inc. p. xix.
3884:Plato: The Republic. Revised by C.D.C. Reeve
3297:has been influential in literature and art.
2624:could actually come to be in the real world.
8654:
5485:The Theory of Education in Plato's Republic
5330:The Cambridge Companion to Plato's Republic
5145:The Cambridge Companion to Plato's Republic
4158:(Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 251.
4150:
4148:
4102:Baird, Forrest E.; Walter Kaufmann (2008).
4063:
3478:gave a voice to that view in his 1945 book
3111:) produced instead a commentary on Plato's
2489:Book II: Glaucon and Adeimantus's Challenge
8219:
8205:
7427:
7413:
6979:
6965:
6508:
6494:
5811:
5797:
5509:
5482:
5454:
5446:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5429:
5291:The War Lover: A Study of Plato's Republic
5223:"Plato's Republic at Nag Hammadi c.350 CE"
4886:
4802:"The thinking person's favourite thinkers"
4537:Rosenthal, Erwin I.J. (26 December 2017).
4013:Brickhouse, Thomas and Smith, Nicholas D.
3890:
3484:, where he singled out Plato's state as a
2853:
2462:Socrates refutes each definition in turn:
2449:: To give each what is owed to them (331c)
2284:
2143:
2129:
751:
737:
5518:
5393:Aristotle's Criticism of Plato's Republic
5266:
5257:
5248:
4783:"Guide to the classics: Plato's Republic"
4536:
4369:
4364:. OpenBook Publishers. pp. 229â251.
4330:
4261:
4259:
3556:. The exercise of power is built on the '
3454:, a line of thought initially pursued by
3033:, wrote his version of an ideal society,
2377:Learn how and when to remove this message
2269:, and the role of the philosopher and of
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Philosophical work by Plato around 375 BC
8226:
6396:List of manuscripts of Plato's dialogues
5590:
5586:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
5545:
5532:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
5372:
5332:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5295:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
4990:"To John Adams Monticello, July 5, 1814"
4709:
4514:Robert Pasnau (NovemberâDecember 2011).
4463:The History of Islamic Political Thought
4223:Julia Annas, "Law in the Republic" from
4145:
3904:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3899:
3230:
2759:can exploit to take power and establish
2751:replaces the oligarchy preceding it. In
2229:, both intellectually and historically.
9802:Reflections on the Revolution in France
7552:The unexamined life is not worth living
6986:
5622:
5599:
5566:The Blackwell Guide to Plato's Republic
5399:
5363:
5339:The Republic: The Odyssey of Philosophy
5336:
5327:
5318:
5273:. London: Rivington, Percival & Co.
5253:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
4887:Deatherage, Scott (5â8 November 1987).
4850:
4799:
4719:Mussolini: The Last 600 Days of Il Duce
4715:
4359:
4337:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
4272:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
4030:National Public Radio (8 August 2007).
3516:was meant as a practical one by Plato.
3246:, which he often read for inspiration.
2217:), the order and character of the just
1700:Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch
10121:Political philosophy in ancient Greece
10098:
5581:
5572:
5563:
5500:
5423:The Interpretation of Plato's Republic
5417:
5390:
5345:
5277:
5085:
4780:
4736:from the original on 25 September 2020
4684:Vol. 24, No. 1 (Mar., 1981), pp. 1â27
4569:
4556:
4485:
4295:
4256:
4236:
4166:
4164:
3940:. Scotland: Woodburn House Publishing.
3935:
3854:
3845:
8200:
7408:
7210:The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth
6960:
6489:
6375:List of speakers in Plato's dialogues
5792:
5779:
5631:
5554:
5527:
5491:
5409:Mitchell, Basil; Lucas, J.R. (2003).
5354:
5309:
5286:
5239:
5056:
4987:
4800:Gibbons, Fiachra (7 September 2001).
4680:"More on Utopia" by Brendan Bradshaw
4460:
4355:
4353:
4265:
4083:. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3917:
3908:
3881:
3872:
3825:were discovered in 1945, part of the
3665:'s proposals have led theorists like
3576:The paradigm of the cityâthe idea of
3285:
2799:
2427:conversation with the group members,
2400:List of speakers in Plato's dialogues
1851:1946 Italian institutional referendum
1791:Spanish American wars of independence
5653:
5640:
5608:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
5536:
5381:
5368:. New York: Oxford University Press.
5007:
4781:Sharpe, Matthew (16 December 2019).
3926:
3656:
2892:
2857:
2359:adding citations to reliable sources
2330:
675:Allegorical interpretations of Plato
18:
9912:The End of History and the Last Man
9822:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
5770:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
5753:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
5559:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
5550:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
5395:. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
5359:. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
5262:. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.
5242:An Introduction to Plato's Republic
4362:Plato's 'Republic': An Introduction
4175:. Macmillan and Company. p. 3.
4161:
4156:The Chronology of Plato's Dialogues
3913:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
3863:
3434:), as well as several other works,
2485:concerning the essence of justice.
2304:was well distinguished, along with
1620:The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates
13:
7751:Serenade after Plato's "Symposium"
7630:Double Herm of Socrates and Seneca
6620:
5541:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
5321:études sur la république de platon
5244:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
5232:
4827:
4350:
4278:from the original on 10 April 2020
4225:Virtue and Law in Plato and Beyond
3895:. Oxford: Oxford World's Classics.
3411:Ring of Gyges: Cultural influences
2694:Book VIIIâIX: Plato's five regimes
2620:such a city and its corresponding
14:
10147:
7241:Second Treatise of the Great Seth
5668:
5662:. Chicago: University of Chicago.
5591:Sesonske, Alexander, ed. (1966).
5584:Plato's Republic: An Introduction
5433:Lectures on The Republic of Plato
5357:Plato's Republic: Critical Essays
4851:Jackson, Abby (5 February 2016).
4840:from the original on 28 May 2021.
4828:Ha, Thu-Huong (27 January 2016).
4126:Although "there would be jarring
4079:Lorenz, Hendrik (22 April 2009).
3438:describes the utopic city of the
2812:rejects any form of imitative art
2519:Book IIâIV: The city and the soul
9882:The Open Society and Its Enemies
8183:
8182:
7481:
6178:
5721:
5282:. University of Edinburgh Press.
5125:, end of Book I, part 2, ch. 14.
5097:The Open Society and Its Enemies
5013:The Open Society and its Enemies
5011:(1 April 1947). "Popper, K.R. â
4920:â In 1992 a CD-recording by the
4863:from the original on 7 May 2021.
4651:1990, vol. 27, no.104, pp. 27â49
3998:Platonis opera quae extant omnia
3922:. Newburyport: Focus Publishing.
3481:The Open Society and Its Enemies
2897:
2861:
2335:
2112:
1640:Discourses Concerning Government
718:
209:
92:
23:
10106:Political philosophy literature
8689:Family as a model for the state
5634:A Companion to Plato's Republic
5573:Santas, Gerasimos, ed. (2010).
5564:Santas, Gerasimos, ed. (2006).
5341:. Philadelphia: Paul Dry Books.
5270:A Companion to Plato's Republic
5214:
5202:from the original on 3 May 2016
5187:
5174:
5169:History of Political Philosophy
5162:
5157:History of Political Philosophy
5150:
5137:
5128:
5113:
5104:
5050:
4997:
4972:
4952:
4936:
4897:
4880:
4867:
4844:
4821:
4793:
4774:
4761:
4748:
4700:
4691:
4674:
4667:Vol. 1 (Nov., 1961), pp. 20â37
4665:The Journal of British Studies,
4654:
4641:
4625:
4600:
4575:
4562:
4549:
4530:
4507:
4479:
4454:
4426:
4413:
4324:
4315:
4289:
4230:
4217:
4208:
4194:. Vol. 5â6. W. Heinemann.
3839:
3809:, and from other works such as
3645:describes the new arts and the
3351:, based on the text of Plato's
3264:
3226:
3223:possessor of an immortal soul.
2346:needs additional citations for
2319:However, the first book of the
2245:city-state ruled by a class of
1906:Barbadian Republic Proclamation
119:
10039:Separation of church and state
9937:Collectivism and individualism
9892:The Origins of Totalitarianism
6401:Cultural influence of Plato's
5575:understanding Plato's Republic
5402:An Image of the Soul in Speech
4944:The Journal of Popular Culture
4296:Calian, Florin George (2012).
4237:Calian, Florin George (2012).
4171:John Llewelyn, Davies (1921).
4120:
4095:
4044:
4024:
4007:
3987:
3953:Collectivism and individualism
3868:. Middlesex: Penguin Classics.
3151:
3091:
2988:You may also add the template
2404:While visiting Athens's port,
1841:1935 Greek coup d'Ă©tat attempt
1821:German Revolution of 1918â1919
1:
10079:Category:Political philosophy
9952:Critique of political economy
5483:Nettleship, Richard. (1935).
5430:Nettleship, Richard. (1898).
5382:Lisi, Francisco, ed. (2007).
5328:Ferrari, G.R.F., ed. (2007).
5278:Cairns, Douglas, ed. (2007).
5260:Plato's Republic: A Biography
5122:History of Western Philosophy
4335:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
4270:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
3830:
3345:composed a vocal work called
9977:Institutional discrimination
9972:History of political thought
8704:Negative and positive rights
7434:
7181:Acts of Peter and the Twelve
7070:Book of Thomas the Contender
7017:Treatise on the Resurrection
6414:Platonism in the Renaissance
6266:Plato's political philosophy
5455:Nethercott, Frances (2000).
5355:Kraut, Richard, ed. (1997).
5099:, Vol. 1: The Spell of Plato
4722:. Taylor Trade. p. 39.
4421:On Stoic self-contradictions
3796:
3592:, which is clarified in the
3416:
3368:is specifically attacked in
3096:
2605:Plato's political philosophy
2589:Book VâVI: The Ship of State
2181:
2091:Republic without republicans
1836:11 September 1922 Revolution
1831:Mongolian Revolution of 1921
7:
9987:Justification for the state
9772:Two Treatises of Government
7335:Interpretation of Knowledge
7246:Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter
6409:Neoplatonism and Gnosticism
5731:public domain audiobook at
5632:White, Nicholas P. (1979).
5539:A Guide to Plato's Republic
5065:Manchester University Press
3945:
3519:
3039:, in opposition to Plato's
2960:will aid in categorization.
2659:Analogy of the Divided Line
2293:is generally placed in the
1826:Turkish War of Independence
1748:
680:Plato's unwritten doctrines
291:Analogy of the divided line
49:the claims made and adding
10:
10152:
8657:Bellum omnium contra omnes
7545:I know that I know nothing
7394:On the Origin of the World
7215:The Prayer of Thanksgiving
7196:Concept of Our Great Power
7160:Second Apocalypse of James
7102:The Sophia of Jesus Christ
7060:On the Origin of the World
7002:Prayer of the Apostle Paul
5577:. Oxford: wiley-Blackwell.
5510:Piechowiak, Marek (2021).
5386:. London: Academia Verlag.
4992:. University of Groningen.
4908:Louis Andriessen: De Staat
4769:Western Political Thought.
4081:"Ancient Theories of Soul"
3927:Rowe, Christopher (2012).
3891:Waterfield, Robin (1994).
3466:The city portrayed in the
3421:
3122:
2990:{{Translated|de|Politeia}}
2935:Machine translation, like
2803:
2666:
2652:
2598:
2592:
2522:
2492:
2393:
2326:
2211:
2205:around 375 BC, concerning
2167:
1881:1970 Cambodian coup d'Ă©tat
1630:The Commonwealth of Oceana
10074:
9924:
9693:
9341:
9074:
8954:
8873:
8785:
8776:
8642:
8476:
8405:
8234:
8180:
8147:
8116:
8077:
7786:
7777:
7742:
7732:The Plot to Save Socrates
7707:
7656:
7621:
7608:
7561:
7536:
7490:
7479:
7460:
7442:
7379:
7358:
7327:
7311:
7285:
7277:Letter of Peter to Philip
7264:
7228:
7186:The Thunder, Perfect Mind
7173:
7155:First Apocalypse of James
7137:
7115:
7078:
7055:Hypostasis of the Archons
7030:
6994:
6941:
6893:
6692:
6632:
6618:
6527:
6383:
6355:
6305:
6187:
6176:
5826:
5818:
5786:
5781:Links to related articles
5557:Plato's Republic: A Study
5373:Levinson, Ronald (1953).
5364:LeMoine, Rebecca (2020).
5319:Dixsaut, Monique (2005).
5258:Blackburn, Simon (2007).
4948:Digital object identifier
4946:xiv (2), 242â250. (1980)
4756:Western Political Thought
4331:Silverman, Allan (2014),
4056:20 September 2018 at the
4037:20 September 2018 at the
3855:Jowett, Benjamin (1871).
3461:
2912:the corresponding article
2848:
2054:The Emperor's New Clothes
1806:5 October 1910 revolution
1801:French Revolution of 1848
824:Liberty as non-domination
169:
159:
151:
137:
127:
113:
103:
91:
9862:The Revolt of the Masses
7508:Socratic intellectualism
5636:. Indianapolis: Hackett.
5627:. Chicago: Rand McNally.
5600:Sinaiko, Herman (1998).
5546:Roochnik, David (2003).
5519:Purshouse, Luke (2007).
5501:Pappas, Nikolas (1995).
5494:Plato's Invisible Cities
5249:Benardete, Seth (1989).
5196:"The Oxyrhynchus papyri"
5060:The Philosophy of Popper
5031:10.1093/mind/LVI.222.167
4019:Dating Plato's Dialogues
3981:
3886:. Indianapolis: Hackett.
3877:. New York: Basic Books.
3508:argues that at least in
3500:Popper insists that the
3376:society than the humans.
3358:In Robert A. Heinlein's
3172:
1896:1987 Fijian coups d'Ă©tat
1856:1952 Egyptian revolution
834:Political representation
9842:The Communist Manifesto
8768:Tyranny of the majority
8679:Consent of the governed
7633:(3rd-century sculpture)
7191:Authoritative Discourse
7129:Gospel of the Egyptians
7107:Dialogue of the Saviour
7092:Gospel of the Egyptians
5761:Ethics and Politics in
5555:Rosen, Stanley (2005).
5537:Rice, Daryl H. (1998).
5400:McNeill, David (2010).
5391:Mayhew, Robert (1997).
5337:Howland, Jacob (1993).
5221:Mountain Man Graphics.
4682:The Historical Journal,
4543:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
4190:Plato in Twelve Volumes
3846:Burges, George (1854).
3337:In the early 1970s the
2999:For more guidance, see
2854:Ancient Greece and Rome
2816:theory of reincarnation
2285:Place in Plato's corpus
2236:discusses with various
1876:1969 Libyan coup d'Ă©tat
1660:Discourse on Inequality
809:Consent of the governed
8719:
8669:Clash of civilizations
8655:
7673:Der geduldige Socrates
7340:Valentinian Exposition
6626:
5528:Reeve, C.D.C. (1988).
5384:The Ascent to the Good
5267:Bosanquet, B. (1895).
5101:, New York: Routledge.
4486:Fakhry, Majid (2001),
4461:Black, Antony (2011).
4360:McAleer, Sean (2020).
4134:. Hackett Publishing.
3936:Gildea, David (2024).
3900:Griffith, Tom (2000).
3882:Grube, G.M.A. (1992).
3873:Bloom, Allan (1991) .
3614:Embodiment of the Idea
3324:depicted in the novel
3255:Martin Luther King Jr.
3236:
3216:
3203:
2843:
2834:
2825:
2525:Plato's theory of soul
2194:
8684:Divine right of kings
7638:The Death of Socrates
7389:Trimorphic Protennoia
7251:Teachings of Silvanus
7145:Eugnostos the Blessed
7097:Eugnostos the Blessed
6624:
6365:The Academy in Athens
6221:Platonic epistemology
5691:with introduction at
5649:. Cambridge: Harvard.
5645:Plato's Theory of Man
5623:Strauss, Leo (1964).
5595:. Belmont: Wadsworth.
5582:Sayers, Sean (1999).
5514:. Berlin: Peter Lang.
5425:. Oxford: Oxford U.P.
5413:. Aldershot: Ashgate.
5377:. Cambridge: Harvard.
5346:Hyland, Drew (1995).
5240:Annas, Julia (1981).
4716:Moseley, Ray (2004).
4492:Oneworld Publications
4173:The Republic of Plato
4104:From Plato to Derrida
4041:. Talk of the Nation.
4015:Plato (c. 427â347 BC)
3739:produced a number of
3428:Plato und die Dichter
3234:
3212:
3198:
3001:Knowledge:Translation
2972:copyright attribution
2838:
2829:
2820:
2673:Platonic epistemology
2669:Problem of universals
2044:Criticism of monarchy
1866:North Yemen civil war
1680:The Federalist Papers
975:Federal parliamentary
725:Philosophy portal
660:The Academy in Athens
9832:Democracy in America
9211:political philosophy
9194:political philosophy
9009:political philosophy
8838:political philosophy
8748:Separation of powers
8709:Night-watchman state
8694:Monopoly on violence
8228:Political philosophy
8172:Religious skepticism
7528:Socratic questioning
7256:Three Steles of Seth
7065:Exegesis on the Soul
6946:Christian philosophy
6693:Seven lively virtues
5604:Reclaiming the Canon
5568:. Oxford: Blackwell.
5523:. London: Continuum.
5505:. London: Routledge.
5496:. London: Routledge.
5314:. London: Macmillan.
5310:Cross, R.C. (1964).
5287:Craig, Leon (1994).
5057:Burke, T.E. (1983).
4266:Brown, Eric (2017),
4154:Brandwood, Leonard,
3909:Allen, R.E. (2006).
3864:Lee, H.D.P. (1955).
3850:. London: H.G. Bohn.
3723:'s opinion that the
3590:Allegory of the Cave
3387:Allegory of the Cave
3332:allegory of the Cave
3146:Acts of the Apostles
2683:Allegory of the Cave
2663:Allegory of the Cave
2544:should not be taught
2355:improve this article
2249:. They also discuss
2029:Classical radicalism
1771:Republic of Florence
1710:Democracy in America
869:Separation of powers
844:Public participation
281:Allegory of the cave
246:Political philosophy
142:Political philosophy
10136:Nag Hammadi library
10131:Political textbooks
10022:Right-wing politics
9902:A Theory of Justice
9872:The Road to Serfdom
9792:The Social Contract
8499:Christian democracy
7719:(1st-century essay)
7452:Cultural depictions
7366:Sentences of Sextus
7022:Tripartite Tractate
7007:Apocryphon of James
6988:Nag Hammadi library
6636:theological virtues
6474:Poitier Meets Plato
6391:Unwritten doctrines
5654:Wild, John (1953).
5641:Wild, John (1946).
5492:Ophir, Adi (1991).
5375:In Defense of Plato
5119:Russell, B. (2004)
4988:Jefferson, Thomas.
4922:Schoenberg Ensemble
4051:Plato: The Republic
3918:Sachs, Joe (2007).
3911:Plato: The Republic
3902:Plato: The Republic
3866:Plato: The Republic
3857:Plato: The Republic
3827:Nag Hammadi library
3773:Hermias of Atarneus
3542:Plato and Aristotle
3432:Plato and the Poets
3205:For Hegel, Plato's
3159:, when writing his
2416:is invited to join
2119:Politics portal
1924:Antigua and Barbuda
1871:Zanzibar Revolution
1781:American Revolution
1670:The Social Contract
839:Popular sovereignty
114:Original title
88:
10111:Dialogues of Plato
10034:Political violence
10029:Political theology
10012:Left-wing politics
10007:Political spectrum
7759:Barefoot in Athens
7303:Testimony of Truth
7236:Paraphrase of Shem
7165:Apocalypse of Adam
7150:Apocalypse of Paul
7123:Apocryphon of John
7086:Apocryphon of John
7040:Apocryphon of John
6627:
6607:Augustine of Hippo
6441:Oxyrhynchus Papyri
5748:"Plato's Republic"
5742:Belmont University
3931:. London: Penguin.
3815:, or the dialogue
3803:Oxyrhynchus Papyri
3436:Hans-Georg Gadamer
3286:Cultural influence
3237:
3076:Augustine of Hippo
2980:interlanguage link
2873:. You can help by
2800:Book X: Myth of Er
2655:Analogy of the Sun
2085:Primus inter pares
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83:
34:possibly contains
10093:
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10086:
9997:Philosophy of law
9942:Conflict theories
9782:The Spirit of Law
9689:
9688:
8738:Original position
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8155:Euthyphro dilemma
8143:
8142:
8139:
8138:
8019:Second Alcibiades
7716:De genio Socratis
7697:Socrates on Trial
7503:Socratic dialogue
7468:Trial of Socrates
7402:
7401:
7088:(shorter version)
6954:
6953:
6906:Great Commandment
6865:Evagrius Ponticus
6698:Seven deadly sins
6483:
6482:
6197:Euthyphro dilemma
6174:
6173:
6151:Second Alcibiades
5693:Project Gutenberg
5487:. London: Oxford.
5468:978-0-7546-1463-0
5280:Pursuing the good
4926:Reinbert de Leeuw
4910:. Ashgate, 2004.
4904:Adlington, Robert
4729:978-1-58979-095-7
4501:978-1-85168-269-0
4472:978-0-7486-3987-8
4381:978-1-80064-053-5
4371:10.11647/obp.0229
4201:978-0-674-99040-1
4113:978-0-13-158591-1
3969:Orthotes onomaton
3657:Strauss and Bloom
3631:(Book I) and the
3370:Starship Troopers
3361:Starship Troopers
3070:Scipio Aemilianus
3029:, the founder of
3012:
3011:
2924:
2920:
2891:
2890:
2763:where no one has
2583:social structures
2579:parts of the soul
2387:
2386:
2379:
2279:Peloponnesian War
2247:philosopher-kings
2232:In the dialogue,
2199:Socratic dialogue
2178:
2153:
2152:
2096:Republican empire
2069:List of republics
1918:National variants
1846:Spanish Civil War
1786:French Revolution
1766:Republic of Genoa
1650:The Spirit of Law
1583:Theoretical works
927:Neo-republicanism
761:
760:
421:Second Alcibiades
251:Euthyphro dilemma
188:
187:
160:Publication place
79:
78:
71:
36:original research
10143:
10002:Political ethics
9992:Machiavellianism
9932:Authoritarianism
9917:
9907:
9897:
9887:
9877:
9867:
9857:
9847:
9837:
9827:
9817:
9807:
9797:
9787:
9777:
9767:
9757:
9747:
9737:
9727:
9717:
9707:
8783:
8782:
8724:
8660:
8650:Balance of power
8624:Social democracy
8619:Social Darwinism
8594:Multiculturalism
8539:Environmentalism
8514:Communitarianism
8221:
8214:
8207:
8198:
8197:
8186:
8185:
8160:Form of the Good
8131:Socratic Letters
7879:First Alcibiades
7784:
7783:
7649:(1950 sculpture)
7619:
7618:
7523:Socratic paradox
7485:
7473:Socratic problem
7429:
7422:
7415:
7406:
7405:
7298:Thought of Norea
7125:(longer version)
7050:Gospel of Philip
7045:Gospel of Thomas
6981:
6974:
6967:
6958:
6957:
6901:Ten Commandments
6894:Related concepts
6682:1 Corinthians 13
6677:Paul the Apostle
6531:cardinal virtues
6521:Christian ethics
6510:
6503:
6496:
6487:
6486:
6434:and Christianity
6419:Middle Platonism
6370:Socratic problem
6332:The Divided Line
6271:Philosopher king
6254:Form of the Good
6207:Cardinal virtues
6182:
6038:
6037:
5891:First Alcibiades
5813:
5806:
5799:
5790:
5789:
5777:
5776:
5757:
5725:
5724:
5709:, translated by
5706:Plato's Republic
5687:, translated by
5684:Plato's Republic
5663:
5661:
5650:
5648:
5637:
5628:
5625:The City and Man
5619:
5607:
5596:
5587:
5578:
5569:
5560:
5551:
5542:
5533:
5524:
5521:Plato's Republic
5515:
5506:
5497:
5488:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5451:
5445:
5437:
5426:
5414:
5405:
5396:
5387:
5378:
5369:
5360:
5351:
5342:
5333:
5324:
5315:
5306:
5294:
5283:
5274:
5263:
5254:
5245:
5227:
5226:
5218:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5191:
5185:
5178:
5172:
5166:
5160:
5154:
5148:
5141:
5135:
5132:
5126:
5117:
5111:
5108:
5102:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5078:978-0-71900911-2
5054:
5048:
5042:
5025:(222): 167â172.
5001:
4995:
4993:
4980:Thomas Jefferson
4976:
4970:
4956:
4950:
4940:
4934:
4901:
4895:
4894:
4884:
4878:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4857:Business Insider
4848:
4842:
4841:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4814:
4797:
4791:
4790:
4787:The Conversation
4778:
4772:
4767:Sharma, Urmila.
4765:
4759:
4754:Sharma, Urmila.
4752:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4713:
4707:
4704:
4698:
4695:
4689:
4678:
4672:
4658:
4652:
4645:
4639:
4629:
4623:
4604:
4598:
4579:
4573:
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4560:
4553:
4547:
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4527:
4511:
4505:
4504:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4458:
4452:
4430:
4424:
4417:
4411:
4405:
4394:
4393:
4373:
4357:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4328:
4322:
4319:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4293:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4263:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4234:
4228:
4221:
4215:
4212:
4206:
4205:
4193:
4183:
4177:
4176:
4168:
4159:
4152:
4143:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4067:
4061:
4048:
4042:
4028:
4022:
4011:
4005:
4000:, Vol. 2, 1578,
3991:
3958:Mixed government
3941:
3932:
3923:
3914:
3905:
3896:
3887:
3878:
3869:
3860:
3851:
3835:
3832:
3612:In part II, the
3506:Bertrand Russell
3343:Louis Andriessen
3242:admired Plato's
2991:
2985:
2959:
2958:|topic=
2956:, and specifying
2941:Google Translate
2922:
2918:
2901:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2883:
2865:
2858:
2737:philosopher king
2622:philosopher-king
2601:Form of the Good
2548:cardinal virtues
2529:Cardinal virtues
2382:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2362:
2339:
2331:
2227:political theory
2216:
2215:
2188:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2117:
2116:
2101:Republican Party
2079:Peasant republic
2039:Communitarianism
1756:Classical Athens
1751:
1725:
1715:
1705:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1665:
1655:
1645:
1635:
1625:
1615:
1605:
1595:
829:Mixed government
763:
762:
753:
746:
739:
723:
722:
721:
704:
685:Pseudo-Platonica
665:Middle Platonism
647:Related articles
414:First Alcibiades
296:Philosopher king
231:Form of the Good
213:
190:
189:
122:
121:
96:
89:
82:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
51:inline citations
27:
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10059:Totalitarianism
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9805:
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9732:Treatise on Law
9725:
9715:
9705:
9685:
9343:
9337:
9076:
9070:
8956:
8950:
8869:
8772:
8758:State of nature
8753:Social contract
8733:Ordered liberty
8721:Noblesse oblige
8638:
8472:
8401:
8230:
8225:
8195:
8190:
8176:
8135:
8112:
8073:
7773:
7754:(1954 serenade)
7738:
7703:
7692:(1919 oratorio)
7652:
7641:(1787 painting)
7614:
7612:
7610:
7604:
7557:
7532:
7518:Socratic method
7486:
7477:
7456:
7438:
7433:
7403:
7398:
7375:
7371:Gospel of Truth
7354:
7323:
7307:
7281:
7260:
7224:
7220:Asclepius 21â29
7169:
7133:
7111:
7074:
7026:
7012:Gospel of Truth
6990:
6985:
6955:
6950:
6937:
6889:
6880:Dante Alighieri
6696:
6694:
6688:
6634:
6628:
6616:
6529:
6523:
6514:
6484:
6479:
6379:
6351:
6308:
6301:
6249:Theory of Forms
6183:
6170:
6042:
6036:
5822:
5817:
5782:
5746:
5722:
5715:Perseus Project
5689:Benjamin Jowett
5671:
5666:
5616:
5473:
5471:
5469:
5439:
5438:
5323:. france: vrin.
5303:
5235:
5233:Further reading
5230:
5219:
5215:
5205:
5203:
5198:. p. 187.
5192:
5188:
5179:
5175:
5167:
5163:
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5151:
5142:
5138:
5133:
5129:
5118:
5114:
5109:
5105:
5090:
5086:
5079:
5055:
5051:
5002:
4998:
4977:
4973:
4957:
4953:
4941:
4937:
4924:, conducted by
4902:
4898:
4885:
4881:
4872:
4868:
4849:
4845:
4826:
4822:
4812:
4810:
4807:TheGuardian.com
4798:
4794:
4779:
4775:
4766:
4762:
4753:
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4730:
4714:
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4705:
4701:
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4642:
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4605:
4601:
4580:
4576:
4567:
4563:
4554:
4550:
4535:
4531:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4494:, p. 106,
4484:
4480:
4473:
4459:
4455:
4431:
4427:
4418:
4414:
4406:
4397:
4382:
4358:
4351:
4342:
4340:
4329:
4325:
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4316:
4306:
4304:
4294:
4290:
4281:
4279:
4264:
4257:
4247:
4245:
4235:
4231:
4222:
4218:
4213:
4209:
4202:
4184:
4180:
4169:
4162:
4153:
4146:
4125:
4121:
4114:
4100:
4096:
4086:
4084:
4068:
4064:
4058:Wayback Machine
4049:
4045:
4039:Wayback Machine
4029:
4025:
4012:
4008:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3979:
3948:
3938:Plato: Republic
3929:Plato: Republic
3920:Plato: Republic
3842:
3833:
3799:
3737:Plato's Academy
3659:
3594:theory of forms
3554:social mobility
3522:
3464:
3424:
3419:
3385:models Plato's
3307:Brave New World
3288:
3267:
3229:
3194:state of nature
3175:
3154:
3134:Gratian in his
3125:
3099:
3094:
3081:The City of God
3036:Zeno's Republic
3008:
3007:
3006:
2989:
2983:
2957:
2925:
2902:
2898:
2887:
2881:
2878:
2871:needs expansion
2856:
2851:
2808:
2802:
2696:
2679:
2677:Theory of Forms
2665:
2653:Main articles:
2651:
2607:
2597:
2591:
2531:
2521:
2497:
2491:
2402:
2392:
2383:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2352:
2340:
2329:
2287:
2259:theory of forms
2149:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2024:
2016:
2015:
1919:
1911:
1910:
1796:Trienio Liberal
1737:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1713:
1703:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1663:
1653:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1593:
1584:
1576:
1575:
1311:Flynn (Stephen)
1196:
1188:
1187:
1028:
1020:
1019:
945:
937:
936:
892:
884:
883:
879:Social equality
874:Social contract
864:Self-governance
819:Democratization
794:Anti-corruption
789:Anti-monarchism
784:
768:Politics series
757:
719:
717:
710:
709:
708:
701:
226:Theory of forms
144:
99:
75:
64:
58:
55:
40:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
10149:
10139:
10138:
10133:
10128:
10123:
10118:
10116:Utopian theory
10113:
10108:
10091:
10090:
10085:
10084:
10082:
10081:
10075:
10072:
10071:
10069:
10068:
10061:
10056:
10051:
10049:Social justice
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10026:
10025:
10024:
10019:
10014:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9989:
9984:
9979:
9974:
9969:
9964:
9959:
9957:Egalitarianism
9954:
9949:
9947:Contractualism
9944:
9939:
9934:
9928:
9926:
9922:
9921:
9919:
9918:
9908:
9898:
9888:
9878:
9868:
9858:
9848:
9838:
9828:
9818:
9808:
9798:
9788:
9778:
9768:
9758:
9748:
9738:
9728:
9718:
9708:
9697:
9695:
9691:
9690:
9687:
9686:
9684:
9683:
9678:
9673:
9668:
9663:
9658:
9653:
9648:
9643:
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9603:
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9508:
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9473:
9468:
9463:
9458:
9453:
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9443:
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9403:
9398:
9393:
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9363:
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9353:
9347:
9345:
9339:
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9335:
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9305:
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9295:
9290:
9285:
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9235:
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9126:
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8903:
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8787:
8780:
8774:
8773:
8771:
8770:
8765:
8760:
8755:
8750:
8745:
8743:Overton window
8740:
8735:
8730:
8725:
8716:
8711:
8706:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8686:
8681:
8676:
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8652:
8646:
8644:
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8626:
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8611:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8581:
8576:
8574:Libertarianism
8571:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8541:
8536:
8531:
8526:
8521:
8516:
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8471:
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8455:
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8409:
8407:
8403:
8402:
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8394:
8389:
8384:
8379:
8374:
8369:
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8359:
8354:
8349:
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8279:
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8169:
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8149:
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8134:
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8120:
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8111:
8110:
8103:
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8022:
8015:
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8001:
7994:
7987:
7980:
7973:
7966:
7959:
7952:
7945:
7938:
7931:
7924:
7917:
7910:
7903:
7896:
7889:
7882:
7875:
7868:
7861:
7854:
7847:
7840:
7833:
7826:
7819:
7812:
7805:
7798:
7790:
7788:
7781:
7775:
7774:
7772:
7771:
7763:
7755:
7746:
7744:
7740:
7739:
7737:
7736:
7728:
7720:
7711:
7709:
7705:
7704:
7702:
7701:
7693:
7685:
7677:
7669:
7660:
7658:
7654:
7653:
7651:
7650:
7642:
7634:
7625:
7623:
7616:
7606:
7605:
7603:
7602:
7596:
7590:
7584:
7578:
7572:
7565:
7563:
7559:
7558:
7556:
7555:
7548:
7540:
7538:
7534:
7533:
7531:
7530:
7525:
7520:
7515:
7513:Socratic irony
7510:
7505:
7500:
7494:
7492:
7488:
7487:
7480:
7478:
7476:
7475:
7470:
7464:
7462:
7458:
7457:
7455:
7454:
7449:
7443:
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7439:
7432:
7431:
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7409:
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7399:
7397:
7396:
7391:
7385:
7383:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7373:
7368:
7362:
7360:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7331:
7329:
7325:
7324:
7322:
7321:
7315:
7313:
7309:
7308:
7306:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7289:
7287:
7283:
7282:
7280:
7279:
7274:
7268:
7266:
7262:
7261:
7259:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7232:
7230:
7226:
7225:
7223:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7177:
7175:
7171:
7170:
7168:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7141:
7139:
7135:
7134:
7132:
7131:
7126:
7119:
7117:
7113:
7112:
7110:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7082:
7080:
7076:
7075:
7073:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7042:
7036:
7034:
7028:
7027:
7025:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6998:
6996:
6992:
6991:
6984:
6983:
6976:
6969:
6961:
6952:
6951:
6949:
6948:
6942:
6939:
6938:
6936:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6924:
6923:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6897:
6895:
6891:
6890:
6888:
6887:
6885:Peter Binsfeld
6882:
6877:
6875:Pope Gregory I
6872:
6867:
6860:
6859:
6846:
6845:
6835:
6825:
6815:
6805:
6795:
6785:
6774:
6773:
6763:
6753:
6743:
6733:
6723:
6713:
6702:
6700:
6690:
6689:
6687:
6686:
6685:
6684:
6672:
6671:
6661:
6651:
6640:
6638:
6630:
6629:
6619:
6617:
6615:
6614:
6612:Thomas Aquinas
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6593:
6592:
6577:
6576:
6566:
6556:
6546:
6535:
6533:
6525:
6524:
6513:
6512:
6505:
6498:
6490:
6481:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6470:
6465:
6464:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6438:
6437:
6436:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6398:
6393:
6387:
6385:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6361:
6359:
6353:
6352:
6350:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6313:
6311:
6303:
6302:
6300:
6299:
6292:
6287:
6280:
6278:Platonic solid
6275:
6274:
6273:
6263:
6261:Theory of soul
6258:
6257:
6256:
6246:
6245:
6244:
6237:
6230:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6204:
6199:
6193:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6169:
6168:
6161:
6154:
6147:
6140:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6105:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6093:Seventh Letter
6082:
6075:
6068:
6061:
6054:
6046:
6044:
6035:
6034:
6027:
6020:
6013:
6006:
5999:
5992:
5985:
5978:
5971:
5964:
5957:
5950:
5943:
5936:
5929:
5922:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5852:
5845:
5838:
5830:
5828:
5824:
5823:
5816:
5815:
5808:
5801:
5793:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5774:
5773:
5758:
5744:
5735:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5702:
5670:
5669:External links
5667:
5665:
5664:
5651:
5638:
5629:
5620:
5614:
5597:
5588:
5579:
5570:
5561:
5552:
5548:Beautiful City
5543:
5534:
5525:
5516:
5507:
5498:
5489:
5480:
5467:
5452:
5427:
5415:
5406:
5397:
5388:
5379:
5370:
5361:
5352:
5343:
5334:
5325:
5316:
5307:
5301:
5284:
5275:
5264:
5255:
5246:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5228:
5213:
5186:
5173:
5161:
5149:
5136:
5127:
5112:
5103:
5084:
5077:
5063:. Manchester:
5049:
4996:
4971:
4951:
4935:
4896:
4879:
4866:
4843:
4820:
4792:
4773:
4760:
4747:
4728:
4708:
4699:
4690:
4673:
4653:
4640:
4624:
4612:dicta Gratiani
4599:
4587:dicta Gratiani
4574:
4572:, p. 114)
4561:
4559:, p. 110)
4548:
4529:
4506:
4500:
4478:
4471:
4453:
4449:Roman Republic
4425:
4412:
4395:
4380:
4349:
4323:
4314:
4302:philpapers.org
4288:
4255:
4243:philpapers.org
4229:
4216:
4214:Book 3, 415câd
4207:
4200:
4178:
4160:
4144:
4119:
4112:
4094:
4062:
4043:
4023:
4006:
3994:Henri Estienne
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3975:Plato's number
3972:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3933:
3924:
3915:
3906:
3897:
3888:
3879:
3870:
3861:
3852:
3841:
3838:
3798:
3795:
3658:
3655:
3521:
3518:
3463:
3460:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3407:
3396:'s 2015 novel
3390:
3377:
3356:
3335:
3315:
3287:
3284:
3275:Julian Baggini
3266:
3263:
3257:nominated the
3228:
3225:
3174:
3171:
3153:
3150:
3124:
3121:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3027:Zeno of Citium
3010:
3009:
3005:
3004:
2997:
2986:
2964:
2961:
2949:adding a topic
2944:
2933:
2926:
2919:(October 2023)
2907:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2888:
2868:
2866:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2801:
2798:
2695:
2692:
2650:
2647:
2626:
2625:
2618:
2615:
2593:Main article:
2590:
2587:
2538:to wage wars.
2536:guardian class
2520:
2517:
2493:Main article:
2490:
2487:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2460:
2459:
2453:
2450:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2343:
2341:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2286:
2283:
2201:, authored by
2151:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2049:Egalitarianism
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:Related topics
2022:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1994:United Kingdom
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1776:Dutch Republic
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1744:
1742:Roman Republic
1738:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1716:
1706:
1696:
1686:
1676:
1666:
1656:
1646:
1636:
1626:
1616:
1606:
1596:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1183:Wollstonecraft
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
946:
943:
942:
939:
938:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
893:
890:
889:
886:
885:
882:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
785:
782:
781:
778:
777:
771:
770:
759:
758:
756:
755:
748:
741:
733:
730:
729:
728:
727:
712:
711:
700:
699:
695:
694:
690:
689:
688:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
649:
648:
644:
643:
642:
641:
634:
627:
620:
613:
606:
599:
592:
585:
578:
571:
564:
557:
550:
543:
536:
529:
522:
515:
508:
501:
494:
487:
480:
473:
466:
459:
452:
445:
438:
431:
424:
417:
410:
403:
396:
389:
382:
375:
368:
361:
354:
347:
340:
333:
323:
322:
316:
315:
314:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
275:
274:
266:
265:
264:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
236:Theory of soul
233:
228:
223:
215:
214:
206:
205:
199:
198:
186:
185:
171:
167:
166:
164:Ancient Greece
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
97:
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10148:
10137:
10134:
10132:
10129:
10127:
10124:
10122:
10119:
10117:
10114:
10112:
10109:
10107:
10104:
10103:
10101:
10080:
10077:
10076:
10073:
10067:
10066:
10062:
10060:
10057:
10055:
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10015:
10013:
10010:
10009:
10008:
10005:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9993:
9990:
9988:
9985:
9983:
9982:Jurisprudence
9980:
9978:
9975:
9973:
9970:
9968:
9965:
9963:
9960:
9958:
9955:
9953:
9950:
9948:
9945:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9930:
9929:
9927:
9923:
9914:
9913:
9909:
9904:
9903:
9899:
9894:
9893:
9889:
9884:
9883:
9879:
9874:
9873:
9869:
9864:
9863:
9859:
9854:
9853:
9849:
9844:
9843:
9839:
9834:
9833:
9829:
9824:
9823:
9819:
9814:
9813:
9812:Rights of Man
9809:
9804:
9803:
9799:
9794:
9793:
9789:
9784:
9783:
9779:
9774:
9773:
9769:
9764:
9763:
9759:
9754:
9753:
9749:
9744:
9743:
9739:
9734:
9733:
9729:
9724:
9723:
9722:De re publica
9719:
9714:
9713:
9709:
9704:
9703:
9699:
9698:
9696:
9692:
9682:
9679:
9677:
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9662:
9659:
9657:
9654:
9652:
9649:
9647:
9644:
9642:
9639:
9637:
9634:
9632:
9629:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9602:
9599:
9597:
9594:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9584:
9582:
9579:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9502:
9499:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9484:
9482:
9479:
9477:
9474:
9472:
9469:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9452:
9449:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9439:
9437:
9434:
9432:
9429:
9427:
9424:
9422:
9419:
9417:
9414:
9412:
9409:
9407:
9404:
9402:
9399:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9382:
9379:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9367:
9364:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9349:
9348:
9346:
9342:20th and 21st
9340:
9334:
9331:
9329:
9326:
9324:
9321:
9319:
9316:
9314:
9311:
9309:
9306:
9304:
9301:
9299:
9296:
9294:
9291:
9289:
9286:
9284:
9281:
9279:
9276:
9274:
9271:
9269:
9266:
9264:
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9251:
9249:
9246:
9244:
9241:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9229:
9226:
9224:
9221:
9219:
9216:
9212:
9209:
9208:
9207:
9204:
9202:
9199:
9195:
9192:
9191:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9142:
9140:
9137:
9135:
9132:
9130:
9127:
9125:
9122:
9120:
9117:
9115:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9090:
9087:
9085:
9082:
9081:
9079:
9075:18th and 19th
9073:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9057:
9054:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9010:
9007:
9006:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8961:
8959:
8953:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8931:Nizam al-Mulk
8929:
8927:
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8878:
8876:
8872:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8839:
8836:
8835:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8790:
8788:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8775:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8729:
8726:
8723:
8722:
8717:
8715:
8712:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8675:
8672:
8670:
8667:
8665:
8662:
8659:
8658:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8647:
8645:
8641:
8635:
8632:
8630:
8627:
8625:
8622:
8620:
8617:
8615:
8614:Republicanism
8612:
8610:
8607:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8540:
8537:
8535:
8532:
8530:
8527:
8525:
8522:
8520:
8517:
8515:
8512:
8510:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8485:
8482:
8481:
8479:
8475:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8410:
8408:
8404:
8398:
8395:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8383:
8380:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8285:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8255:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8233:
8229:
8222:
8217:
8215:
8210:
8208:
8203:
8202:
8199:
8189:
8179:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8167:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8152:
8150:
8146:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8126:
8122:
8121:
8119:
8115:
8109:
8108:
8104:
8102:
8101:
8097:
8095:
8094:
8090:
8088:
8087:
8083:
8082:
8080:
8076:
8070:
8069:
8065:
8063:
8062:
8058:
8056:
8055:
8051:
8049:
8048:
8044:
8042:
8041:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8030:
8028:
8027:
8023:
8021:
8020:
8016:
8014:
8013:
8009:
8007:
8006:
8002:
8000:
7999:
7995:
7993:
7992:
7988:
7986:
7985:
7981:
7979:
7978:
7974:
7972:
7971:
7967:
7965:
7964:
7960:
7958:
7957:
7953:
7951:
7950:
7946:
7944:
7943:
7939:
7937:
7936:
7932:
7930:
7929:
7925:
7923:
7922:
7918:
7916:
7915:
7911:
7909:
7908:
7907:Hippias Minor
7904:
7902:
7901:
7900:Hippias Major
7897:
7895:
7894:
7890:
7888:
7887:
7883:
7881:
7880:
7876:
7874:
7873:
7869:
7867:
7866:
7862:
7860:
7859:
7855:
7853:
7852:
7848:
7846:
7845:
7841:
7839:
7838:
7834:
7832:
7831:
7827:
7825:
7824:
7820:
7818:
7817:
7813:
7811:
7810:
7806:
7804:
7803:
7799:
7797:
7796:
7792:
7791:
7789:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7776:
7769:
7768:
7764:
7761:
7760:
7756:
7753:
7752:
7748:
7747:
7745:
7741:
7734:
7733:
7729:
7727:(1841 thesis)
7726:
7725:
7721:
7718:
7717:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7706:
7699:
7698:
7694:
7691:
7690:
7686:
7683:
7682:
7678:
7675:
7674:
7670:
7668:(423 BC play)
7667:
7666:
7662:
7661:
7659:
7655:
7648:
7647:
7643:
7640:
7639:
7635:
7632:
7631:
7627:
7626:
7624:
7620:
7617:
7607:
7600:
7597:
7594:
7591:
7588:
7585:
7582:
7579:
7576:
7573:
7570:
7567:
7566:
7564:
7560:
7553:
7549:
7546:
7542:
7541:
7539:
7535:
7529:
7526:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7498:Social gadfly
7496:
7495:
7493:
7489:
7484:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7465:
7463:
7459:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7444:
7441:
7437:
7430:
7425:
7423:
7418:
7416:
7411:
7410:
7407:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7386:
7384:
7382:
7378:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7357:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7332:
7330:
7326:
7320:
7317:
7316:
7314:
7310:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7290:
7288:
7284:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7269:
7267:
7263:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7227:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7204:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7178:
7176:
7172:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7156:
7153:
7151:
7148:
7146:
7143:
7142:
7140:
7136:
7130:
7127:
7124:
7121:
7120:
7118:
7114:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7087:
7084:
7083:
7081:
7077:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7037:
7035:
7033:
7029:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6999:
6997:
6993:
6989:
6982:
6977:
6975:
6970:
6968:
6963:
6962:
6959:
6947:
6944:
6943:
6940:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6922:
6919:
6918:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6896:
6892:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6862:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6852:
6848:
6847:
6843:
6839:
6836:
6833:
6829:
6826:
6823:
6819:
6816:
6813:
6809:
6806:
6803:
6799:
6796:
6793:
6789:
6786:
6783:
6779:
6776:
6775:
6771:
6767:
6764:
6761:
6757:
6754:
6751:
6747:
6744:
6741:
6737:
6734:
6731:
6727:
6724:
6721:
6717:
6714:
6711:
6707:
6704:
6703:
6701:
6699:
6691:
6683:
6680:
6679:
6678:
6674:
6673:
6669:
6665:
6662:
6659:
6655:
6652:
6649:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6631:
6623:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6590:
6589:
6585:
6584:
6583:
6579:
6578:
6574:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6550:
6547:
6544:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6532:
6526:
6522:
6518:
6517:Seven virtues
6511:
6506:
6504:
6499:
6497:
6492:
6491:
6488:
6476:
6475:
6471:
6469:
6468:Plato's Dream
6466:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6442:
6439:
6435:
6432:
6431:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6404:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6382:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6362:
6360:
6358:
6354:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6342:Ship of State
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6322:Ring of Gyges
6320:
6318:
6315:
6314:
6312:
6310:
6309:and metaphors
6304:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6272:
6269:
6268:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6255:
6252:
6251:
6250:
6247:
6243:
6242:
6238:
6236:
6235:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6224:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6215:
6214:
6210:
6209:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6202:Platonic love
6200:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6190:
6186:
6181:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6160:
6159:
6155:
6153:
6152:
6148:
6146:
6145:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6132:
6131:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6113:
6111:
6110:
6106:
6104:
6103:
6099:
6095:
6094:
6090:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6083:
6081:
6080:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6069:
6067:
6066:
6062:
6060:
6059:
6055:
6053:
6052:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6039:
6033:
6032:
6028:
6026:
6025:
6021:
6019:
6018:
6014:
6012:
6011:
6007:
6005:
6004:
6000:
5998:
5997:
5993:
5991:
5990:
5986:
5984:
5983:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5972:
5970:
5969:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5958:
5956:
5955:
5951:
5949:
5948:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5930:
5928:
5927:
5923:
5921:
5920:
5916:
5914:
5913:
5912:Hippias Minor
5909:
5907:
5906:
5905:Hippias Major
5902:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5888:
5886:
5885:
5881:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5867:
5865:
5864:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5846:
5844:
5843:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5814:
5809:
5807:
5802:
5800:
5795:
5794:
5791:
5785:
5778:
5772:
5771:
5765:
5764:
5759:
5755:
5754:
5749:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5730:
5729:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5707:
5703:
5700:
5699:
5694:
5690:
5686:
5685:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5674:Texts of the
5673:
5672:
5660:
5659:
5652:
5647:
5646:
5639:
5635:
5630:
5626:
5621:
5617:
5615:9780300065299
5611:
5606:
5605:
5598:
5594:
5589:
5585:
5580:
5576:
5571:
5567:
5562:
5558:
5553:
5549:
5544:
5540:
5535:
5531:
5526:
5522:
5517:
5513:
5508:
5504:
5499:
5495:
5490:
5486:
5481:
5470:
5464:
5460:
5459:
5453:
5449:
5443:
5435:
5434:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5407:
5403:
5398:
5394:
5389:
5385:
5380:
5376:
5371:
5367:
5362:
5358:
5353:
5349:
5344:
5340:
5335:
5331:
5326:
5322:
5317:
5313:
5308:
5304:
5302:9780802005861
5298:
5293:
5292:
5285:
5281:
5276:
5272:
5271:
5265:
5261:
5256:
5252:
5247:
5243:
5238:
5237:
5224:
5217:
5201:
5197:
5190:
5183:
5177:
5170:
5165:
5158:
5153:
5146:
5140:
5131:
5124:
5123:
5116:
5107:
5100:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5080:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5062:
5061:
5053:
5046:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5019:
5014:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4991:
4985:
4981:
4975:
4968:
4967:0-8126-9501-1
4964:
4960:
4955:
4949:
4945:
4939:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4917:
4916:0-7546-0925-1
4913:
4909:
4905:
4900:
4892:
4891:
4883:
4877:
4870:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4847:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4824:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4796:
4788:
4784:
4777:
4770:
4764:
4757:
4751:
4735:
4731:
4725:
4721:
4720:
4712:
4703:
4694:
4687:
4683:
4677:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4657:
4650:
4644:
4638:
4637:0-8232-1233-5
4634:
4628:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4603:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4571:
4565:
4558:
4552:
4544:
4540:
4533:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4482:
4474:
4468:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4429:
4422:
4416:
4409:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4363:
4356:
4354:
4338:
4334:
4327:
4318:
4303:
4299:
4292:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4262:
4260:
4244:
4240:
4233:
4226:
4220:
4211:
4203:
4197:
4192:
4191:
4182:
4174:
4167:
4165:
4157:
4151:
4149:
4141:
4140:0-87220-564-9
4137:
4133:
4129:
4123:
4115:
4109:
4105:
4098:
4082:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4047:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4027:
4020:
4016:
4010:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3990:
3986:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3939:
3934:
3930:
3925:
3921:
3916:
3912:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3889:
3885:
3880:
3876:
3871:
3867:
3862:
3858:
3853:
3849:
3844:
3843:
3837:
3834: 350 CE
3828:
3824:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3804:
3794:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3767:, tyrants of
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3733:
3731:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3701:
3699:
3694:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3679:contradictory
3676:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3538:Eric Voegelin
3535:
3533:
3528:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3498:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3399:The Just City
3395:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3354:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3302:Aldous Huxley
3300:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3283:
3281:
3276:
3272:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3233:
3224:
3221:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3133:
3130:
3120:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3107:, Ibn Rushd (
3106:
3105:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3065:De re publica
3061:
3056:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2987:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2962:
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2869:This section
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2495:Ring of Gyges
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2454:
2451:
2448:
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2425:philosophical
2423:In his first
2421:
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2407:
2401:
2397:
2381:
2378:
2370:
2367:November 2010
2360:
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2344:This section
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2298:
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2296:middle period
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2012:
2011:United States
2009:
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1720:On Revolution
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1690:Rights of Man
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1000:Revolutionary
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988:
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799:Civil society
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775:Republicanism
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505:Hippias Minor
502:
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498:Hippias Major
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306:Ring of Gyges
304:
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301:Ship of State
299:
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109:
106:
102:
95:
90:
87:
81:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
10063:
9962:Elite theory
9910:
9900:
9890:
9880:
9870:
9860:
9850:
9840:
9830:
9820:
9810:
9800:
9790:
9780:
9770:
9760:
9750:
9740:
9730:
9720:
9710:
9701:
9700:
8999:Guicciardini
8955:Early modern
8778:Philosophers
8728:Open society
8664:Body politic
8534:Distributism
8524:Conservatism
8519:Confucianism
8438:Gerontocracy
8428:Dictatorship
8382:Sovereigntyâ
8372:Ruling class
8262:Emancipation
8247:Citizenshipâ
8164:
8123:
8105:
8098:
8091:
8084:
8066:
8059:
8052:
8045:
8038:
8031:
8024:
8017:
8012:Rival Lovers
8010:
8004:
8003:
7996:
7989:
7982:
7975:
7968:
7961:
7954:
7947:
7940:
7933:
7926:
7919:
7912:
7905:
7898:
7891:
7884:
7877:
7870:
7863:
7856:
7849:
7842:
7835:
7828:
7821:
7814:
7807:
7800:
7793:
7765:
7757:
7749:
7735:(2006 novel)
7730:
7722:
7714:
7695:
7687:
7679:
7676:(1721 opera)
7671:
7663:
7644:
7636:
7628:
7569:Sophroniscus
7447:Bibliography
7203:The Republic
7202:
7200:
6933:Hamartiology
6928:Old Covenant
6921:Original sin
6870:John Cassian
6856:Psychomachia
6854:
6841:
6831:
6821:
6811:
6801:
6791:
6781:
6769:
6759:
6749:
6739:
6729:
6719:
6709:
6667:
6657:
6647:
6587:
6586:
6572:
6562:
6552:
6542:
6472:
6429:Neoplatonism
6424:Commentaries
6402:
6296:Hyperuranion
6294:
6282:
6239:
6232:
6225:
6211:
6163:
6156:
6149:
6144:Rival Lovers
6142:
6135:
6128:
6121:
6114:
6107:
6100:
6091:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6063:
6056:
6049:
6043:authenticity
6029:
6022:
6015:
6008:
6001:
5995:
5994:
5987:
5980:
5973:
5966:
5959:
5952:
5945:
5938:
5931:
5924:
5917:
5910:
5903:
5896:
5889:
5882:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5833:
5767:
5763:The Republic
5762:
5751:
5728:The Republic
5727:
5705:
5697:
5695:. (The same
5683:
5675:
5657:
5644:
5633:
5624:
5603:
5592:
5583:
5574:
5565:
5556:
5547:
5538:
5529:
5520:
5511:
5502:
5493:
5484:
5472:. Retrieved
5457:
5432:
5422:
5419:Murphy, N.R.
5410:
5401:
5392:
5383:
5374:
5365:
5356:
5347:
5338:
5329:
5320:
5311:
5290:
5279:
5269:
5259:
5250:
5241:
5216:
5204:. Retrieved
5189:
5181:
5176:
5168:
5164:
5156:
5152:
5144:
5139:
5130:
5120:
5115:
5106:
5095:
5092:Popper, Karl
5087:
5059:
5052:
5022:
5016:
5012:
5004:Gilbert Ryle
4999:
4974:
4958:
4954:
4943:
4938:
4907:
4899:
4889:
4882:
4869:
4856:
4846:
4833:
4823:
4811:. Retrieved
4805:
4795:
4786:
4776:
4768:
4763:
4755:
4750:
4738:. Retrieved
4718:
4711:
4702:
4693:
4681:
4676:
4664:
4662:J. H. Hexter
4656:
4648:
4643:
4627:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4602:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4577:
4564:
4551:
4542:
4532:
4523:
4519:
4509:
4487:
4481:
4462:
4456:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4432:
4428:
4420:
4415:
4408:The Republic
4407:
4361:
4341:, retrieved
4336:
4326:
4317:
4305:. Retrieved
4301:
4291:
4280:, retrieved
4271:
4246:. Retrieved
4242:
4232:
4224:
4219:
4210:
4189:
4181:
4172:
4155:
4131:
4128:anachronisms
4122:
4103:
4097:
4085:. Retrieved
4070:
4065:
4046:
4026:
4018:
4009:
3997:
3989:
3967:
3937:
3928:
3919:
3910:
3901:
3892:
3883:
3874:
3865:
3856:
3847:
3840:Translations
3822:
3816:
3810:
3806:
3800:
3790:totalitarian
3783:, tyrant of
3755:, tyrant of
3747:, tyrant of
3734:
3729:
3724:
3702:
3695:
3690:
3660:
3642:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3617:
3613:
3611:
3606:
3597:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3523:
3513:
3509:
3501:
3499:
3490:humanitarian
3479:
3472:totalitarian
3467:
3465:
3439:
3431:
3427:
3426:In his 1934
3425:
3406:in practice.
3403:
3397:
3392:In fiction,
3380:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3359:
3352:
3346:
3325:
3311:
3305:
3294:
3289:
3279:
3270:
3268:
3265:21st century
3258:
3253:
3248:The Republic
3247:
3243:
3238:
3227:20th century
3219:
3217:
3213:
3206:
3204:
3199:
3176:
3166:
3160:
3155:
3135:
3126:
3117:
3112:
3103:
3100:
3079:
3074:
3063:
3057:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3025:
3019:
3013:
2976:edit summary
2967:
2947:
2917:
2909:
2879:
2875:adding to it
2870:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2821:
2809:
2793:
2774:
2746:
2730:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2697:
2688:
2680:
2636:
2627:
2608:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2540:
2532:
2513:
2498:
2479:
2475:
2461:
2456:Thrasymachus
2441:
2437:
2422:
2403:
2396:Thrasymachus
2373:
2364:
2353:Please help
2348:verification
2345:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2231:
2195:De Republica
2182:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2083:
1718:
1708:
1698:
1688:
1678:
1668:
1658:
1648:
1638:
1628:
1618:
1608:
1598:
1589:
1588:
1401:Jones (Elin)
1306:Flynn (Paul)
1266:Clarke (Tom)
1261:Clark (Katy)
1206:Adams (John)
1027:Philosophers
804:Civic virtue
766:Part of the
670:Neoplatonism
655:Commentaries
636:
629:
622:
615:
608:
601:
594:
587:
580:
573:
566:
559:
552:
545:
538:
531:
524:
517:
510:
503:
496:
489:
482:
475:
468:
461:
454:
447:
440:
435:Rival Lovers
433:
426:
419:
412:
405:
398:
391:
384:
377:
370:
363:
356:
349:
342:
335:
328:
271:The Republic
269:
241:Epistemology
176:
173:
117:
85:
80:
65:
56:
33:
9836:(1835â1840)
9716:(c. 350 BC)
9706:(c. 375 BC)
9323:Tocqueville
9288:Saint-Simon
9253:Montesquieu
9104:Bolingbroke
9036:Machiavelli
8916:Ibn Khaldun
8881:Alpharabius
8874:Middle Ages
8699:Natural law
8674:Common good
8599:Nationalism
8559:Imperialism
8529:Corporatism
8504:Colonialism
8484:Agrarianism
8463:Technocracy
8443:Meritocracy
8423:Bureaucracy
8413:Aristocracy
8100:Oeconomicus
8093:Memorabilia
7770:(1971 film)
7762:(1966 film)
7700:(2007 play)
7684:(1759 play)
7350:Hypsiphrone
7293:Melchizedek
6911:Eschatology
6720:Temperantia
6573:Temperantia
6284:Anima mundi
6241:Theia mania
6058:Definitions
6041:Of doubtful
5711:Paul Shorey
5698:translation
5461:. Ashgate.
4570:Fakhry 2001
4557:Fakhry 2001
4433:Res publica
4087:10 December
3671:Allan Bloom
3667:Leo Strauss
3647:immortality
3604:communistic
3570:bureaucracy
3568:concept of
3566:Max Weber's
3476:Karl Popper
3456:Kierkegaard
3157:Thomas More
3152:Thomas More
3142:natural law
3092:Middle Ages
2733:aristocracy
2701:aristocracy
2477:the ruler.
2418:Polemarchus
2263:immortality
2034:Common good
1974:New Zealand
1969:Netherlands
1714:(1835â1840)
1684:(1787â1788)
1594:(c. 375 BC)
1516:Robespierre
1291:Etherington
1226:Benn (Tony)
1195:Politicians
1173:Tocqueville
1133:Montesquieu
1113:Machiavelli
859:Rule of law
854:Res publica
582:Definitions
10100:Categories
10044:Separatism
9852:On Liberty
9752:The Prince
9481:Huntington
8984:Campanella
8911:al-Ghazali
8860:Thucydides
8818:Lactantius
8763:Statolatry
8589:Monarchism
8569:Liberalism
8494:Capitalism
8477:Ideologies
8458:Plutocracy
8406:Government
8362:Revolution
8347:Propaganda
8297:Legitimacy
8272:Government
8054:Theaetetus
7998:Protagoras
7970:Parmenides
7956:On Justice
7893:Hipparchus
7865:Euthydemus
7708:Literature
7665:The Clouds
7587:Lamprocles
7575:Phaenarete
7381:Codex XIII
7272:Zostrianos
7265:Codex VIII
6851:Prudentius
6740:Diligentia
6716:Temperance
6569:Temperance
6347:Myth of Er
6307:Allegories
6213:Sophrosyne
6189:Philosophy
6130:On Justice
6116:Hipparchus
6024:Theaetetus
5989:Protagoras
5961:Parmenides
5877:Euthydemus
5474:25 January
5206:21 October
5067:. p.
4984:John Adams
4539:"Averroës"
4520:Humanities
4439:. Rather,
4419:Plutarch,
4307:15 January
4248:15 January
4071:On Justice
3829:, written
3725:Republic's
3494:democratic
3382:The Matrix
3078:wrote his
2806:Myth of Er
2804:See also:
2765:discipline
2667:See also:
2639:governance
2599:See also:
2523:See also:
2504:Adeimantus
2394:See also:
2314:Theaetetus
2306:Parmenides
2223:philosophy
2219:city-state
2213:ÎŽÎčÎșαÎčÎżÏÏΜη
2074:Monarchism
2064:Liberalism
2059:Jacobinism
1749:Gaáčasaáč
gha
1604:(54â51 BC)
1088:Harrington
965:Democratic
955:Capitalist
950:Autonomous
932:Venizelism
917:Khomeinism
589:On Justice
477:Protagoras
470:Euthydemus
428:Hipparchus
386:Parmenides
365:Theaetetus
311:Myth of Er
183:Wikisource
59:April 2022
43:improve it
9762:Leviathan
9742:Monarchia
9736:(c. 1274)
9571:Oakeshott
9516:Mansfield
9511:Luxemburg
9496:Kropotkin
9391:Bernstein
9344:centuries
9258:Nietzsche
9201:Jefferson
9129:Condorcet
9077:centuries
9056:Pufendorf
8921:Marsilius
8808:Confucius
8793:Aristotle
8786:Antiquity
8714:Noble lie
8634:Third Way
8629:Socialism
8554:Feudalism
8509:Communism
8489:Anarchism
8468:Theocracy
8453:Oligarchy
8433:Democracy
8418:Autocracy
8332:Pluralism
8317:Obedience
8282:Hierarchy
8242:Authority
8166:Peritrope
8107:Symposium
8047:Symposium
8040:Statesman
7963:On Virtue
7935:Menexenus
7872:Euthyphro
7844:Demodocus
7816:Clitophon
7809:Charmides
7779:Dialogues
7593:Menexenus
7581:Xanthippe
7359:Codex XII
7345:Allogenes
7229:Codex VII
7205:588A-589B
7079:Codex III
6770:Humilitas
6760:Patientia
6750:Humanitas
6736:Diligence
6675:Sources:
6591:, Book IV
6580:Sources:
6563:Fortitudo
6559:Fortitude
6543:Prudentia
6234:Peritrope
6137:On Virtue
6065:Demodocus
6017:Symposium
6010:Statesman
5947:Menexenus
5884:Euthyphro
5849:Clitophon
5842:Charmides
5442:cite book
5436:. London.
4928:appeared
4390:228927159
4343:2 October
4282:2 October
4075:same name
3797:Fragments
3745:Clearchus
3558:noble lie
3550:knowledge
3444:heuristic
3417:Criticism
3409:See also
3394:Jo Walton
3379:The film
3341:composer
3319:Orwellian
3240:Mussolini
3097:Ibn Rushd
3086:Jerusalem
3049:free love
3043:. Zeno's
3015:Aristotle
2994:talk page
2946:Consider
2914:in German
2786:democracy
2782:oligarchy
2778:timocracy
2757:demagogue
2753:democracy
2749:democracy
2741:timocracy
2719:democracy
2713:oligarchy
2707:timocracy
2563:Noble Lie
2238:Athenians
2176:translit.
1929:Australia
1561:Venizelos
1551:Spadolini
1541:Slaughter
1486:McDonnell
1451:Mackenzie
1396:Jefferson
1351:Griffiths
1331:de Gaulle
1326:Garibaldi
1286:Drakeford
1178:Warburton
1098:Jefferson
1093:Honderich
1073:Condorcet
960:Christian
922:Nasserism
897:Classical
814:Democracy
603:Demodocus
596:On Virtue
526:Clitophon
519:Menexenus
449:Charmides
400:Symposium
379:Statesman
330:Euthyphro
203:Platonism
155:c. 375 BC
152:Published
47:verifying
10017:Centrism
9712:Politics
9702:Republic
9671:Voegelin
9651:Spengler
9636:Shariati
9611:Rothbard
9566:Nussbaum
9466:Habermas
9441:Fukuyama
9431:Foucault
9356:Ambedkar
9333:Voltaire
9303:de Staël
9278:Rousseau
9159:Franklin
9134:Constant
9094:Beccaria
8926:Muhammad
8906:Gelasius
8891:Averroes
8865:Xenophon
8845:Polybius
8798:Chanakya
8643:Concepts
8609:Populism
8579:Localism
8564:Islamism
8549:Feminism
8448:Monarchy
8352:Property
8342:Progress
8307:Monopoly
8277:Hegemony
8188:Category
8078:Xenophon
8026:Sisyphus
8005:Republic
7991:Philebus
7984:Phaedrus
7851:Epinomis
7823:Cratylus
7802:Axiochus
7767:Socrates
7681:Socrates
7646:Socrates
7615:Socrates
7577:(mother)
7571:(father)
7491:Concepts
7436:Socrates
7328:Codex XI
7319:Marsanes
7286:Codex IX
7174:Codex VI
7116:Codex IV
7032:Codex II
6863:People:
6849:Source:
6842:Superbia
6802:Avaritia
6788:Gluttony
6766:Humility
6756:Patience
6746:Kindness
6710:Castitas
6706:Chastity
6588:Republic
6553:Iustitia
6539:Prudence
6403:Republic
6327:The Cave
6317:Atlantis
6290:Demiurge
6227:Amanesis
6158:Sisyphus
6086:Epistles
6079:Epinomis
6072:Epigrams
6051:Axiochus
5996:Republic
5982:Philebus
5975:Phaedrus
5856:Cratylus
5733:LibriVox
5676:Republic
5421:(1951).
5200:Archived
5009:Ryle, G.
4876:abstract
4861:Archived
4838:Archived
4813:14 March
4734:Archived
4441:politeia
4437:politeia
4410:, Book X
4276:archived
4142:, p. 324
4054:Archived
4035:Archived
3946:See also
3823:Republic
3807:Republic
3801:Several
3785:Syracuse
3781:Calippus
3765:Coriscus
3749:Heraclea
3730:Republic
3717:allegory
3713:esoteric
3709:exoteric
3691:Republic
3675:Socrates
3661:Some of
3643:Epilogue
3633:Epilogue
3629:Prologue
3625:Republic
3586:Republic
3578:the Good
3546:Socrates
3532:Republic
3527:Republic
3520:Voegelin
3514:Republic
3502:Republic
3486:dystopia
3468:Republic
3440:Republic
3404:Republic
3374:Republic
3366:Republic
3353:Republic
3348:De Staat
3322:dystopia
3312:Republic
3295:Republic
3280:Republic
3271:Republic
3259:Republic
3244:Republic
3220:Republic
3207:Republic
3190:Rousseau
3167:Republic
3137:Decretum
3129:medieval
3113:Republic
3109:Averroes
3104:Politics
3053:gymnasia
3045:Republic
3041:Republic
3031:Stoicism
3020:Politics
2970:provide
2882:May 2021
2631:allegory
2447:Cephalus
2429:Socrates
2414:Socrates
2321:Republic
2310:Phaedrus
2302:Republic
2291:Republic
2234:Socrates
2184:Politeia
2169:ΠολÎčÏΔία
2158:Republic
1999:Scotland
1939:Barbados
1590:Republic
1506:Prescott
1476:Naysmith
1466:McKechin
1426:La Malfa
1421:Khomeini
1381:Iorwerth
1346:Griffith
1321:Gambetta
1316:Galloway
1301:Ferguson
1281:Davidson
1276:Cromwell
1271:Connolly
1251:Campbell
1168:Sunstein
1153:Rousseau
1148:Polybius
1083:Franklin
1063:Chappell
1058:Cattaneo
995:People's
980:Imperial
912:Kemalism
849:Republic
783:Concepts
638:Epigrams
631:Axiochus
610:Sisyphus
575:Epistles
568:Epinomis
533:Republic
407:Phaedrus
393:Philebus
358:Cratylus
261:Atlantis
256:Demiurge
195:a series
193:Part of
177:Republic
128:Language
120:ΠολÎčÏΔία
86:Republic
10126:Justice
10054:Statism
9967:Elitism
9925:Related
9726:(51 BC)
9656:Strauss
9631:Scruton
9626:Schmitt
9616:Russell
9536:Michels
9531:Maurras
9526:Marcuse
9486:Kautsky
9456:Gramsci
9451:Gentile
9421:Dworkin
9411:Du Bois
9406:Dmowski
9401:Chomsky
9396:Burnham
9381:Benoist
9351:Agamben
9318:Thoreau
9308:Stirner
9298:Spencer
9243:Mazzini
9233:Maistre
9228:Madison
9223:Le Play
9154:Fourier
9119:Carlyle
9099:Bentham
9089:Bastiat
9084:Bakunin
9061:Spinoza
9051:MĂŒntzer
9021:Leibniz
8994:Grotius
8974:Bossuet
8941:Plethon
8886:Aquinas
8855:Sun Tzu
8823:Mencius
8813:Han Fei
8584:Marxism
8544:Fascism
8377:Society
8302:Liberty
8287:Justice
8267:Freedom
8148:Related
8125:Halcyon
8086:Apology
8068:Timaeus
8061:Theages
8033:Sophist
7886:Gorgias
7858:Eryxias
7830:Critias
7795:Apology
7689:Socrate
7613:include
7537:Phrases
7312:Codex X
7201:Plato,
7138:Codex V
6995:Codex I
6832:Invidia
6782:Luxuria
6730:Caritas
6726:Charity
6668:Caritas
6602:Ambrose
6549:Justice
6337:The Sun
6165:Theages
6109:Halcyon
6102:Eryxias
6031:Timaeus
6003:Sophist
5898:Gorgias
5863:Critias
5835:Apology
5682:e-text
5094:(1950)
5039:2250518
4649:Moreana
4423:, 1034F
3996:(ed.),
3818:Gorgias
3769:Skepsis
3761:Erastus
3757:Pellene
3753:Chaeron
3741:tyrants
3649:of the
3582:Agathon
3422:Gadamer
3123:Gratian
2992:to the
2974:in the
2916:.
2790:tyranny
2769:society
2761:tyranny
2725:tyranny
2500:Glaucon
2410:Glaucon
2408:, with
2406:Piraeus
2327:Outline
2275:society
2265:of the
2243:utopian
2207:justice
2197:) is a
1964:Morocco
1954:Jamaica
1949:Ireland
1934:Bahamas
1736:History
1556:Taverne
1531:Skinner
1511:Ritchie
1456:Madison
1436:Lincoln
1386:Jackson
1376:Huppert
1371:Hopkins
1296:Fabiani
1256:Chapman
1241:BolĂvar
1231:Bennett
1221:Bartley
1211:AtatĂŒrk
1123:Mazzini
1118:Madison
1048:Bentham
1038:Baggini
1005:Secular
985:Islamic
970:Federal
907:Federal
891:Schools
624:Eryxias
617:Halcyon
547:Critias
540:Timaeus
484:Gorgias
442:Theages
372:Sophist
337:Apology
138:Subject
41:Please
9916:(1992)
9906:(1971)
9896:(1951)
9886:(1945)
9876:(1944)
9866:(1929)
9856:(1859)
9846:(1848)
9826:(1820)
9816:(1791)
9806:(1790)
9796:(1762)
9786:(1748)
9776:(1689)
9766:(1651)
9756:(1532)
9746:(1313)
9676:Walzer
9666:Taylor
9621:Sartre
9586:Popper
9581:Pareto
9576:Ortega
9561:Nozick
9551:Mouffe
9501:Laclau
9461:Guénon
9446:Gandhi
9386:Berlin
9376:Bauman
9371:Badiou
9361:Arendt
9328:Tucker
9218:Le Bon
9179:Herder
9169:Haller
9164:Godwin
9149:Fichte
9144:Engels
9139:Cortés
9109:Bonald
9066:SuĂĄrez
9041:Milton
9031:Luther
9004:Hobbes
8989:Filmer
8979:Calvin
8964:Boétie
8957:period
8936:Ockham
8803:Cicero
8604:Nazism
8392:Utopia
8367:Rights
8357:Regime
8327:People
8312:Nation
7977:Phaedo
7921:Laches
7601:(wife)
7583:(wife)
7562:Family
6812:Acedia
6695:versus
6597:Cicero
6384:Legacy
5968:Phaedo
5926:Laches
5612:
5465:
5299:
5075:
5037:
4965:
4914:
4834:Quartz
4740:3 June
4726:
4635:
4618:c. 1:
4606:GRAT.
4593:c. 1:
4581:GRAT.
4498:
4469:
4388:
4378:
4198:
4138:
4110:
4002:p. 327
3812:Phaedo
3779:; and
3721:Cicero
3698:sacred
3580:, the
3562:family
3510:intent
3462:Popper
3452:ironic
3447:utopia
3186:Hobbes
3162:Utopia
3132:jurist
3060:Cicero
2849:Legacy
2722:, and
2675:, and
2661:, and
2483:aporia
2271:poetry
2261:, the
2251:ageing
2179:
1989:Sweden
1979:Norway
1944:Canada
1724:(1963)
1704:(1794)
1694:(1791)
1674:(1762)
1664:(1755)
1654:(1748)
1644:(1698)
1634:(1656)
1624:(1649)
1614:(1531)
1566:Wilson
1536:Slater
1526:Skates
1481:Mannin
1471:Mullin
1446:Mackay
1411:JuĂĄrez
1366:HĂ©bert
1361:Hatton
1356:Harvie
1246:Burgon
1163:Sidney
1158:Sandel
1143:Pettit
1068:Cicero
1033:Arendt
1015:Soviet
1010:Sister
902:Modern
456:Laches
351:Phaedo
146:Ethics
104:Author
10065:Index
9694:Works
9681:Weber
9646:Spann
9641:Sorel
9606:Röpke
9601:Rawls
9556:Negri
9546:Mosca
9541:Mises
9506:Lenin
9476:Hoppe
9471:Hayek
9436:Fromm
9426:Evola
9416:Dugin
9313:Taine
9293:Smith
9273:Renan
9268:Paine
9189:Iqbal
9174:Hegel
9124:Comte
9114:Burke
9026:Locke
9016:James
8969:Bodin
8901:Dante
8896:Bruni
8850:Shang
8833:Plato
8387:State
8337:Power
8322:Peace
8257:Elite
8235:Terms
8117:Other
7949:Minos
7928:Lysis
7837:Crito
7787:Plato
7743:Other
7657:Stage
7609:Works
7599:Myrto
7595:(son)
7589:(son)
6838:Pride
6818:Wrath
6808:Sloth
6798:Greed
6648:Fides
6644:Faith
6633:Three
6582:Plato
6123:Minos
5940:Lysis
5870:Crito
5827:Works
5820:Plato
5035:JSTOR
4686:JSTOR
4669:JSTOR
4610:D. 8
4608:Decr.
4585:D. 8
4583:Decr.
4445:polis
4386:S2CID
3982:Notes
3777:Assos
3705:Plato
3687:Plato
3683:irony
3663:Plato
3638:doxai
3618:polis
3607:polis
3599:polis
3442:as a
3339:Dutch
3291:Plato
3182:Locke
3178:Hegel
3173:Hegel
2937:DeepL
2794:polis
2509:Gyges
2433:Plato
2203:Plato
2191:Latin
2163:Greek
2004:Wales
1984:Spain
1959:Japan
1546:Smith
1521:Sayed
1501:Pound
1496:Nehru
1491:Nandy
1461:Magid
1441:Lucas
1431:Lewis
1341:Grévy
1336:Greer
1236:Black
1216:Azaña
1138:Paine
1108:Locke
1078:Crick
1053:Bodin
1043:Bello
944:Types
706:Plato
554:Minos
463:Lysis
344:Crito
132:Greek
108:Plato
9596:Rand
9591:Qutb
9491:Kirk
9366:Aron
9283:Sade
9263:Owen
9248:Mill
9238:Marx
9206:Kant
9184:Hume
9046:More
8946:Wang
8828:Mozi
8252:Duty
7942:Meno
7611:that
7461:Life
6828:Envy
6792:Gula
6778:Lust
6664:Love
6658:Spes
6654:Hope
6528:Four
6357:Life
5954:Meno
5933:Laws
5768:the
5610:ISBN
5476:2023
5463:ISBN
5448:link
5297:ISBN
5208:2017
5073:ISBN
5018:Mind
4963:ISBN
4912:ISBN
4815:2016
4742:2020
4724:ISBN
4633:ISBN
4616:ante
4614:§ 1
4591:ante
4589:§ 1
4526:(6).
4496:ISBN
4467:ISBN
4376:ISBN
4345:2018
4309:2024
4284:2018
4250:2024
4196:ISBN
4136:ISBN
4108:ISBN
4089:2013
3963:Nous
3775:and
3763:and
3669:and
3651:soul
3492:and
3327:1984
3317:The
3188:and
3127:The
2968:must
2966:You
2930:View
2788:and
2767:and
2681:The
2603:and
2527:and
2502:and
2398:and
2312:and
2289:The
2267:soul
2255:love
2225:and
2156:The
1571:Wood
1416:Kane
1128:Mill
1103:Kant
561:Laws
491:Meno
221:Life
175:The
170:Text
84:The
9661:Sun
9521:Mao
8397:War
8292:Law
7914:Ion
7622:Art
6916:Sin
6822:Ira
6519:in
6461:229
6456:228
5919:Ion
5766:at
5740:at
5069:141
5045:169
5027:doi
5015:".
4366:doi
4077:).
3540:in
3304:'s
3293:'s
3062:'s
2939:or
2877:.
2585:'.
2357:by
2273:in
1391:Jay
512:Ion
181:at
45:by
10102::
6853:,
6451:24
6446:23
5750:.
5678::
5444:}}
5440:{{
5071:.
5033:.
5023:56
5021:.
4906:.
4859:.
4855:.
4836:.
4832:.
4804:.
4785:.
4732:.
4541:.
4524:32
4522:.
4518:.
4490:,
4398:^
4384:.
4374:.
4352:^
4300:.
4258:^
4241:.
4163:^
4147:^
3831:c.
3771:;
3759:;
3751:;
3693:.
3653:.
3474:.
3458:.
3184:,
3055:.
2784:,
2780:,
2728:.
2716:,
2710:,
2704:,
2671:,
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