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746:"warms up" the audience and introduces the other performers. This is followed by the opener, the feature, and then the headliner. The host may also act as the opener for smaller shows. Proven comics tend to earn regular bookings at clubs that are part of a chain and comedy venues. Jobbing stand-ups may perform sets at two or more venues on the same day.
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On this circuit, shows generally consist of three to four comics: Headliner, Feature act, Opener and/or Emcee (i.e., Master of
Ceremonies). The Headliner does roughly an hour of original material. The Feature act does 25-30 minutes. The Opener has a ten minute slot, and the Emcee squeezes in a joke
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In stand-up comedy, an unspoken contract with the audience allows for the exploration of unexpected, controversial, or scandalous subjects. The reception of a joke, whether met with laughter or disapproval, hinges on the audience's understanding of the premise and appreciation of the punchline. A
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events; these slots may be booked in advance or left for walk-ins. Comedians use open mics to work on material or to show off their skills to get an opener slot. "Bringer shows" are shows that require amateur performers to bring a specified number of paying guests with them to receive stage time.
864:, which is the right to discuss and mock anything freely without being punished. Social commentators have referred to the concepts of "punching up" and "punching down" in attempting to describe who should be the "butt of the joke". This carries the assumption that, relative to the comedian's own
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Stand-up comedians define their craft through the development of routines, which they construct and refine with jokes and interconnected "bits." These bits form an interwoven narrative, leading to the "closer," the final joke that ties the show's themes together for a satisfying conclusion.
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George Carlin echoed this sentiment, observing that 'comedy has traditionally picked on people in power.' … ' have done daring and subversive work on other topics, like race and religion, respectively, but punching down at an essentially powerless minority group is pure
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Pulling silly faces to elicit a cheap laugh, often relying on exaggerated expressions and physical gestures. This comedic technique aims to generate amusement through visual absurdity and can be employed by performers to enhance the comedic impact of their
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set a new
Guinness World Record for the highest gross from a single stand-up performance with his tour "Armageddon." The performance at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles, California, on May 6, 2023, garnered a notable sum of ÂŁ1,410,000 ($ 1,790,206.50)
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on
November 10, 1917. The article discussed the career of a comedian Finlay Dunn, stating that Dunn was "what he calls a stand-up comedian'" during the latter part of the 19th century. However, the term may have been used retrospectively.
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the comedy of the left 'punches up' at the established authorities of its time, be they governmental, cultural, or artistic. ... a joke is a joke, not a political act, and the ability to say what you like in the context of joking is held
868:, comedy should "punch up" at the rich and powerful without "punching down" at those who are marginalized and less fortunate. Many comedians have criticized the cultural rhetoric concerning "punching up" and "punching down", including
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Part of the appeal of stand up is in appreciation of the skill of the performer, as studies have shown that many people find the idea of standing on stage daunting; research on the subject has consistently found that the
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Stand-up comedy, distinct from traditional performing arts, features a lone comedian directly engaging the audience. Success hinges on creating spontaneity, fostering intimacy, and deterring heckling.
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are considered "social crimes" by most stand-ups. There have been several high-profile accusations of joke theft, some ending in lawsuits for copyright infringement. Those accused will sometimes claim
849:, often adding a twist, topper ,or tagline for an intensified or extra laugh. Delivery relies on the use of intonation, inflection, attitude, and timing as well as other stylistic devices, such as the
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A five-minute routine that is well-rehearsed and consists of a comedian's best material that reliably gets laughs. It is often used for auditions and is a stepping stone to getting a paid spot.
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578:, Artemus Ward, is considered America's first stand-up comedian. His character, portrayed as an illiterate rube with "Yankee common sense," was portrayed publicly by Browne.
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The space where the performance takes place. Stand-ups can "read the room" to interpret signs from the audience or "work the room" by interacting with the audience directly.
717:: Tends to involve the use of tactics like puns, double entendres and rhymes to entertain audiences. Thus, delivery tends to be filled with many one-liners.
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in television comedy reveals this, with shows often seeming "dry" or dull without it. Shows may be filmed in front of a live audience for the same reason.
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To warm up a "cold" audience during the opening act before the main show. Often used at the filming of television comedies in front of studio audiences.
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Observational comedy works by mocking 'normal' behaviours but, even as it does so, it often affirms and promotes a fixed idea of what 'normal' is.
787:. It may be recorded on tour or at a show advertised and performed specifically for the purpose. A TV special originally released on television,
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In order to falsely frame their stories as true or to free themselves of responsibility for breaking social conventions, comedians can use the
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Bloomquist, Jennifer. "The
Minstrel Legacy: African American English and the Historical Construction of 'Black' Identities in Entertainment."
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Claiming that one can "smell the road" on a comedian suggests they have compromised their originality or pandered to get laughs while touring.
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The audience is integral to live comedy, both as a foil to the comedian and as a contributing factor to the overall experience. The use of
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Eddie Izzard states, 'it should be—establish, reaffirm, and then you kill it on the third... you can keep reaffirming before you twist.
711:: Framed around a specific topic related to current events or dealing with issues that are important or popular at the current time.
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When the audience cheers or applauds an opinion that they agree with, but which is not funny enough for them to laugh at. Coined by
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According to Anna
Spagnolli, stand-up comedy audiences "are both 'co-constructors of the situation' and 'co-responsible for it
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Over 1.2 million tickets sold in arenas across the UK and
Ireland, making it the biggest stand-up comedy tour of all time.
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Just because it is small, they call it a chi-chi room, or because they bring certain oddball forms of entertainment
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sold ÂŁ7 million worth of tickets for his 2011 tour in a day, the biggest first-day sale of a
British comedy tour.
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Stand-up comedy originated in various traditions of popular entertainment in the late 19th century. These include
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Theology and
Geometry: Essays on John Kennedy Toole's A Confederacy of Dunces (Politics, Literature, & Film)
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Comedy
Writing secrets: the best-selling book on how to think funny, write funny, act funny, and get paid for it
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here are also cases of simple coincidence and, often in the case of observational material, parallel thinking.
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often also showcase up-and-coming acts, with promoters and agents using the festivals to seek out new talent.
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seasoned comic is able to instantly react to the audience's reaction and use it to further their narrative.
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Leighton, H. Vernon (2020). "A Theory of Humor (Abridged) and the Comic
Mechanisms of John Kennedy Toole's
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When the comedian laughs unintentionally during a portion of the show in which they are supposed to keep a
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it is useful to examine the famous paraprosdokian, 'I've had a wonderful evening, but this wasn't it.'
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delivery to contrast with the ridiculousness or absurdity of the subject matter. This is also called
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Fabiola Scarpetta; Anna Spagnolli (2009). "The Interactional Context of Humor in Stand-up Comedy".
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Go to festivals, because that's where you get noticed by the media ... gauge everybody else.
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or parallel thinking, but it is difficult to successfully sue for joke theft regardless due to the
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and an "hour-long special" is typically between 40 and 65 minutes excluding commercial breaks.
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679:: Consists mainly of offensive insults, usually directed at the audience or other performers.
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2013:"Fear public speaking more than death? Fear not – the audience only sees 20% of your nerves"
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2043:"It's About Expecting the Unexpected - Live Stand-up Comedy from the Audiences Perspective"
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Taylor Goodwin holds the Guinness World Record for most jokes told in an hour with 550.
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still holds the Guinness Book of World Records for doling out 12 punch lines a minute.
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When a stand-up does well, they are killing. If they are doing poorly, they are dying.
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Talking directly with audience members through prewritten bits, improvisation or both.
659:: The deliberate display of emotional neutrality or no emotion, commonly as a form of
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Being overly theatrical or "trying too hard" to get a laugh, especially when failing.
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1492:(1). The George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research: 215–216.
803:. A "half-hour special" is typically between 20 and 35 minutes in runtime excluding
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Stand-up has multiple genres and styles with their formats. Common ones include:
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A performer in this genre can be known by the masculine and gender-neutral terms
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The Legacy of the Wisecrack: Stand-up Comedy as the Great American Literary Form
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1779:. Palgrave Studies in Comedy. London, UK: palgrave macmillan. pp. 23, 29.
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Open mikes are where, as a comedian , you're supposed to be allowed to fuck up.
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1706:. United Kingdom: Lexington Books (published 29 January 2020). pp. 2–4.
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The process in which brand new jokes are introduced and polished over time.
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in 1911, describing Nellie Perrier delivering 'stand-up comic ditties in a
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Seizer, Susan (2011). "On the Uses of Obscenity in Live Stand-Up Comedy".
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Off the Mic: The World's Best Stand-up Comedians Get Serious About Comedy
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853:, idioms, archetypes, or wordplay. Another popular joke structure is the
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Mastering Stand-Up: The Complete Guide to Becoming a Successful Comedian
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The only British artist to ever play 20 consecutive nights at an arena.
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The ritzy room of a nightclub or a comedy club with niche performances.
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982: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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or two between acts (if the Opener is not also acting as the Emcee)...
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of two incongruous things and are made up of the premise, set-up, and
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1567:"The "Bringer" Show: What to Expect When Building Your Comedy Career"
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19:"Stand-up" and "Stand Up Comedy" redirect here. For other uses, see
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1533:"A Closed Letter to Myself About Thievery, Heckling and Rape Jokes"
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637:: Intended to counter the established figures of mainstream comedy.
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1671:(2nd ed.). Cincinnati, Ohio: Writer's Digest Books. p.
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and charming manner'. However, this referred to a performance of
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Comedy style where the performer addresses the audience directly
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1594:. Jim Jefferies. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 176.
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687:: Humorous songs or musical parodies, sometimes without lyrics.
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If you have an all 'A' 5-minute set, you'll get paid nothing.
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2075:. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Executive Books. p. 86.
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The Politics of British Stand-Up Comedy: The New Alternative
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Why Stand-up Matters: How Comedians Manipulate and Influence
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1203:
First ever stand-up comedian to play 15 sold out nights at
703:: Ridicule of people, institutions, or ideas through jokes.
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482:. Performances can take place in various venues, including
2258:"Ricky Gervais's Armageddon breaks stand-up comedy record"
1738:"Medieval Jesters – And their Parallels in Modern America"
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2309:
2127:"Whose job is it to deal with aggressive comedy punters?"
1919:
Comic Lives: Inside the World of American Stand-up comedy
1444:"SATIRE | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary"
791:, or in film theatre's may be re-released as an album on
2231:"Biggest first day sale of any British comedy tour ever"
2155:. Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Review Press. p. 195.
1853:"Knock Yourselves Out: "Punching up" in American comedy"
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currently holds multiple records for his 2010-2011 show
598:
The term appeared again in the “Stage Gossip” column of
1301:. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
1441:
574:(April 26, 1834 – March 6, 1867), better known by his
1274:, a poem or prayer that comedians use for inspiration
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1418:. New York: Bloomsbury Methuen Drama. p. 154.
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A member of the audience. Primarily a British term.
767:As well as being a mainstay of the comedy circuit,
695:: Conversation on the absurdities of everyday life.
581:The first documented use of "stand-up" appeared in
152:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1916:
1890:"Is There Ever a Justification for Joke Stealing?"
779:Experienced comics with a following may produce a
742:In a typical stand-up show, the host, compere, or
2028:"Speaking in public is worse than death for most"
726:
3207:
1765:," The Harvester Press, 1984. ISBN 0-7108-0610-8
1590:Frances-White, Deborah; Shandur, Marsha (2016).
595:rather than stand-up comedy in its modern form.
2041:Lockyear, Sharon; Myers, Lynn (November 2011).
651:: A fictional persona created by the performer.
432:. These performances are typically composed of
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1190:The Tour That Doesn't Tour Tour...Now On Tour
387:
1923:. Abby Stein. Simon & Schuster. p.
1025:A pause specifically to create comic timing.
643:: Storytelling using exaggeration and humor.
1979:Research on Language and Social Interaction
1192:on a 112 date UK & Ireland arena tour.
60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2332:
2318:
2150:
2056:(2): 165–188 – via on-line Database.
1363:"The origin of the term 'stand-up comedy'"
1031:A section within a comedy show or routine.
566:Our Fellow Savages of the Sandwich Islands
394:
380:
250:
1315:. Universal-Publishers. pp. 85–148.
1045:A reference to a joke earlier in the set.
998:Learn how and when to remove this message
774:
230:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
2255:
2067:Wilde, Larry (2000) . "Shelley Berman".
1850:
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2256:Pilastro, Eleonora (4 September 2023).
560:monologues, such as those delivered by
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1951:Bailey, Jonathan (27 September 2021).
1950:
1822:"A Brief History of Punch-Down Comedy"
1619:"Top 25 Stand-Up Specials of All-Time"
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1471:"Different Styles of Stand-up Comedy"
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1160:for most laughs per minute, with 12.
439:but often include varying degrees of
2268:from the original on 18 January 2024
2181:"Diller can still pack a punch line"
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1887:
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1297:Zoglin, Richard. "Stand-up comedy".
980:adding citations to reliable sources
951:
409:is a performance directed to a live
150:adding citations to reliable sources
121:
66:
25:
2125:Bello, Benamin (6 September 2021).
2099:Pandya, Hershal (10 January 2018).
2025:
1665:Helitzer, Mel; Shatz, Mark (2005).
1337:Journal of African American Studies
13:
413:, where the performer stands on a
82:tone or style may not reflect the
14:
3272:
2287:Spacey, John (5 September 2015).
2069:Great Comedians Talk About Comedy
1953:"When Joke Theft Becomes Serious"
1389:– via Taylor & Francis.
754:Clubs and small venues often run
41:This article has multiple issues.
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3180:
3179:
2179:King, Susan (22 December 2006).
1651:(TV). United Kingdom: BBC: One.
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92:guide to writing better articles
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1531:Oswalt, Patton (14 June 2014).
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1361:Double, Oliver (9 April 2018).
967:needs additional citations for
137:needs additional citations for
49:or discuss these issues on the
2101:"The Rise of "Clapter" Comedy"
1888:Voss, Erik (4 November 2010).
1463:
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1196:Longest individual run at the
727:Opener, feature, and headliner
443:. Stand-up comedy consists of
1:
1379:10.1080/2040610X.2018.1428427
1284:
1246:, 19th-century Italian comedy
875:
810:
2289:"4 Types of Japanese comedy"
2209:"Most jokes told in an hour"
2151:Rosenfield, Stephen (2018).
1763:A Social History of the Fool
1449:Cambridge English Dictionary
1442:Cambridge University Press.
1179:
898:
762:
447:, stories, observations, or
7:
1700:". In Marsh, Leslie (ed.).
1401:"What is Anecdotal Comedy?"
1217:
893:idea–expression distinction
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10:
3277:
3236:Live stand-up comedy shows
2339:
1894:Vulture: Devouring Culture
1565:Roth, Brian (2013-05-22).
1339:19, no. 4 (2015): 410–425.
1268:, Japanese stand-up comedy
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832:
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601:The Yorkshire Evening Post
508:History of stand-up comedy
505:
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478:, or by the feminine term
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1991:10.1080/08351810903089159
1785:10.1007/978-3-030-01105-5
1486:Anthropological Quarterly
1280:, Chinese stand-up comedy
1252:, Japanese one-man comedy
1229:List of stand-up circuits
933:is more intense than the
608:
564:in his 1866 touring show
249:
244:
1351:, vol. 8, no. 1, 106–109
947:
866:socio-political identity
428:sometimes incorporating
2629:Theatre of ancient Rome
1698:A Confederacy of Dunces
1299:Encyclopædia Britannica
931:fear of public speaking
518:stump-speech monologues
2262:Guinness World Records
2213:Guinness World Records
1851:Schwartz, Ben (2016).
1820:Cohen, Sascha (2014).
1775:Quirk, Sophie (2018).
1414:Quirk, Sophie (2015).
1311:Tafoya, Eddie (2009).
1037:Failing to get laughs.
1018:
911:
829:
775:TV specials and albums
739:
627:
441:live crowd interaction
338:Professional wrestling
2836:Theatre of the Absurd
1915:Borns, Betsy (1987).
1761:Billington, Sandra. "
1498:10.1353/anq.2011.0001
1200:performing 20 nights.
1158:Guinness World Record
1013:
906:
824:
734:
722:Stand up performances
622:
572:Charles Farrar Browne
3251:Narrative techniques
2811:Shakespearean comedy
2609:Ancient Greek comedy
1896:. New York Media LLC
1571:New York City Comedy
1072:Corpsing or breaking
976:improve this article
146:improve this article
3241:Show business terms
1649:The Art of Stand-Up
1095:or unskilled comic.
1049:Chewing the scenery
841:Most jokes are the
550:circus clown antics
546:English music halls
520:of minstrel shows,
480:stand-up comedienne
2799:Comédie larmoyante
2794:Sentimental comedy
2789:Restoration comedy
2752:Commedia dell'arte
2624:Corral de comedias
1272:The Clown's Prayer
1019:
1017:performing in 2016
912:
910:performing in 2007
862:jester's privilege
830:
828:performing in 2013
817:Theories of humour
781:television special
740:
738:performing in 2009
628:
626:performing in 2007
542:American burlesque
358:Street performance
259:performing in 2008
3246:Stage terminology
3203:
3202:
2981:Musical comedians
2944:
2943:
2742:Comedy of manners
2737:Comedy of humours
2727:Boulevard theatre
2715:
2714:
2619:Comédie-Italienne
2614:Comédie-Française
2581:
2580:
2237:. 17 October 2010
2185:Los Angeles Times
2162:978-1-61373-692-0
1794:978-3-030-01104-8
1744:. 13 January 2019
1713:978-1-4985-8547-7
1682:978-1-58297-357-9
1601:978-1-4725-2638-0
1425:978-1-4725-7893-8
1239:Theories of humor
1184:British comedian
1123:Smelling the road
1098:Killing and dying
1008:
1007:
1000:
805:commercial breaks
472:stand-up comedian
404:
403:
264:
263:
240:
239:
232:
222:
221:
214:
196:
161:"Stand-up comedy"
120:
119:
112:
86:used on Knowledge
84:encyclopedic tone
64:
3268:
3193:
3183:
3182:
3130:Self-referential
2747:Comedy of menace
2599:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2455:
2454:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2311:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2284:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2219:on 27 July 2015.
2215:. Archived from
2205:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2191:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2047:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2015:. February 2022.
2009:
2003:
2002:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1957:Plagiarism today
1948:
1942:
1941:
1922:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1772:
1766:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1720:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1625:. 12 August 2018
1615:
1609:
1608:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1539:. Archived from
1528:
1522:
1521:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1403:. 24 April 2023.
1397:
1391:
1390:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1308:
1302:
1295:
1198:Manchester Arena
1015:Bridget Christie
1003:
996:
992:
989:
983:
960:
952:
917:
641:Anecdotal comedy
488:comedy festivals
451:that can employ
396:
389:
382:
266:
265:
254:
242:
241:
235:
228:
217:
210:
206:
203:
197:
195:
154:
130:
122:
115:
108:
104:
101:
95:
94:for suggestions.
90:See Knowledge's
75:
74:
67:
56:
34:
33:
26:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3216:Stand-up comedy
3206:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3171:
3036:
3018:Animated sitcom
2940:
2906:Musical theatre
2856:
2850:
2826:Stand-up comedy
2772:One-person show
2762:Improvisational
2711:
2633:
2577:
2531:Science fiction
2484:
2444:
2365:Comedy festival
2343:
2338:
2308:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2285:
2281:
2271:
2269:
2254:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2189:
2187:
2177:
2173:
2163:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2065:
2061:
2045:
2039:
2035:
2026:Burgess, Kaya.
2024:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1949:
1945:
1935:
1913:
1909:
1899:
1897:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1863:(31): 134–136.
1849:
1845:
1831:
1829:
1818:
1814:
1795:
1773:
1769:
1760:
1756:
1747:
1745:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1663:
1659:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1588:
1584:
1575:
1573:
1563:
1559:
1546:
1544:
1529:
1525:
1482:
1478:
1473:. 18 July 2022.
1469:
1468:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1412:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1359:
1355:
1347:
1343:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1309:
1305:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1234:Women in comedy
1220:
1182:
1151:
1004:
993:
987:
984:
973:
961:
950:
942:canned laughter
915:
901:
878:
835:
826:Tiffany Haddish
819:
813:
801:audio streaming
789:video on demand
777:
765:
752:
729:
724:
715:Wordplay comedy
617:
611:
526:concert saloons
510:
504:
494:, colleges, or
459:, impressions,
407:Stand-up comedy
400:
353:Stand-up comedy
279:Performing arts
260:
245:Stand-up comedy
236:
225:
224:
223:
218:
207:
201:
198:
155:
153:
143:
131:
116:
105:
99:
96:
89:
80:This article's
76:
72:
35:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3274:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3226:Comedy theatre
3223:
3218:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3187:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3010:
3005:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2886:Comédie-ballet
2883:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2866:
2860:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2831:Street theatre
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2360:Comedic device
2357:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2306:
2305:
2279:
2248:
2222:
2200:
2171:
2161:
2143:
2117:
2091:
2081:
2073:Shelley Berman
2059:
2050:Participations
2033:
2018:
2004:
1985:(3): 210–230.
1969:
1943:
1933:
1907:
1880:
1843:
1812:
1793:
1767:
1754:
1742:History is Now
1729:
1712:
1688:
1681:
1657:
1636:
1610:
1600:
1582:
1557:
1523:
1476:
1462:
1434:
1424:
1406:
1392:
1373:(2): 235–237.
1367:Comedy Studies
1353:
1349:Comedy Studies
1341:
1328:
1321:
1303:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1263:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:The O2, London
1201:
1181:
1178:
1154:Phyllis Diller
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1073:
1070:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1046:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1006:
1005:
964:
962:
955:
949:
946:
900:
897:
877:
874:
855:paraprosdokian
834:
831:
815:Main article:
812:
809:
776:
773:
764:
761:
751:
748:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
718:
712:
704:
696:
688:
680:
672:
652:
644:
638:
615:Comedic genres
613:Main article:
610:
607:
538:medicine shows
506:Main article:
503:
500:
476:stand-up comic
402:
401:
399:
398:
391:
384:
376:
373:
372:
371:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
282:
281:
275:
274:
262:
261:
255:
247:
246:
238:
237:
220:
219:
134:
132:
125:
118:
117:
79:
77:
70:
65:
39:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3273:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Comedy genres
3219:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3162:Ventriloquism
3160:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3115:Observational
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2926:Opéra comique
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2916:Opéra bouffon
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2874:Café-chantant
2872:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2816:Sketch comedy
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:Impressionist
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:Comedy troupe
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2294:
2290:
2283:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2197:
2186:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2154:
2147:
2132:
2128:
2121:
2106:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2084:
2082:0-937539-51-1
2078:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2029:
2022:
2014:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1936:
1934:0-671-62620-5
1930:
1926:
1921:
1920:
1911:
1895:
1891:
1884:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1827:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1758:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1726:
1715:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1692:
1684:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1661:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1572:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1543:on 2019-03-04
1542:
1538:
1537:Patton Oswalt
1534:
1527:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1472:
1466:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1417:
1410:
1402:
1396:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1332:
1324:
1322:9781599424958
1318:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1294:
1290:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1177:
1174:
1173:Ricky Gervais
1170:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:straight face
1074:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1002:
999:
991:
981:
977:
971:
970:
965:This section
963:
959:
954:
953:
945:
943:
938:
936:
935:fear of dying
932:
926:
923:
919:
909:
905:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
881:Appropriation
873:
871:
867:
863:
858:
856:
852:
851:rule of three
848:
844:
843:juxtaposition
839:
827:
823:
818:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
772:
770:
760:
757:
747:
745:
737:
733:
716:
713:
710:
709:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
693:
692:Observational
689:
686:
685:
681:
678:
677:
673:
670:
669:dry-wit humor
666:
662:
658:
657:
653:
650:
649:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
632:
631:
625:
621:
616:
606:
603:
602:
596:
594:
590:
586:
585:
579:
577:
573:
569:
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2879:Café-théâtre
2864:Ballad opera
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2782:Harlequinade
2732:Comedy-drama
2511:Mockumentary
2395:Impersonator
2375:Comic timing
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3256:Narratology
3091:Documentary
3087:(dry humor)
3050:Alternative
3028:Teen sitcom
2921:Opera buffa
2896:Light music
2891:Comedy club
2841:Tragicomedy
2806:Shadow play
2272:19 February
1857:The Baffler
1455:February 6,
1258:, Japanese
1067:Seth Meyers
870:Colin Quinn
736:Joan Rivers
635:Alternative
624:Bill Bailey
530:freak shows
3210:Categories
2998:Television
2901:Music hall
2846:Vaudeville
2767:Macchietta
2757:Double act
2666:Indonesia
2660:Mo lei tau
2656:Hong Kong
2650:Xiangsheng
2521:Remarriage
2430:Visual gag
2420:Punch line
2415:Prank call
2298:31 October
2293:Japan Talk
2241:4 November
1962:4 November
1874:2023-08-23
1832:6 February
1803:2018956867
1748:2022-02-18
1629:2 November
1576:2024-02-09
1547:3 February
1285:References
1278:Xiangsheng
1260:double act
1244:Macchietta
1156:holds the
1129:Tight five
1082:Crowd work
885:plagiarism
876:Joke theft
811:Comedy set
562:Mark Twain
554:Chautauqua
514:vaudeville
492:nightclubs
445:one-liners
426:monologues
313:Gymnastics
288:Acrobatics
172:newspapers
46:improve it
3145:Slapstick
3070:Christian
3065:Character
3042:Subgenres
2857:and dance
2777:Pantomime
2563:Slapstick
2536:Screwball
2440:Word play
1999:143552897
1828:. Maskmag
1514:144137009
1387:195058528
1186:Peter Kay
1180:Peter Kay
1167:Lee Evans
1108:delivery.
988:July 2022
899:Audiences
847:punchline
797:LP record
769:festivals
763:Festivals
665:dry humor
648:Character
584:The Stage
434:rehearsed
423:satirical
52:talk page
3185:Category
3120:Physical
2931:Operetta
2705:Sarugaku
2573:Thriller
2465:American
2385:Humorist
2355:Comedian
2266:Archived
2190:28 March
1900:12 March
1869:43958952
1719:27 March
1647:(2011).
1506:41237487
1218:See also
1141:Work out
1117:The room
1041:Callback
793:audio CD
756:open mic
750:Open mic
558:humorist
496:theaters
490:, bars,
419:humorous
411:audience
343:Puppetry
271:a series
269:Part of
21:Stand Up
3157:Surreal
3085:Deadpan
2971:Hip hop
2869:Cabaret
2595:Country
2587:Theatre
2551:Mexican
2546:Italian
2526:Romance
2501:Fantasy
2480:Italian
2470:British
2458:Country
2235:Chortle
2131:Chortle
2105:Vulture
1808:sacred.
1149:Records
1135:Warm up
1104:Mugging
1093:clichéd
1062:Clapter
1034:Bombing
833:Routine
708:Topical
684:Musical
661:comedic
656:Deadpan
502:History
449:shticks
437:scripts
363:Theatre
186:scholar
3261:Comedy
3231:Humour
3195:Portal
3167:Zombie
3150:Topics
3110:Insult
3105:Horror
3080:Cringe
3013:Sitcom
2976:Parody
2700:Rakugo
2695:Owarai
2690:Manzai
2685:KyĹŤgen
2681:Japan
2675:Ludruk
2670:Lenong
2602:Europe
2568:Stoner
2558:Silent
2516:Parody
2506:Horror
2496:Action
2475:French
2425:Satire
2390:Humour
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1250:Rakugo
1224:Comedy
1111:Punter
700:Satire
676:Insult
609:Genres
556:, and
516:, the
348:Speech
293:Ballet
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3135:Shock
3075:Clown
3055:Black
3008:Roast
2993:Radio
2988:Novel
2961:Album
2956:Music
2949:Media
2936:Revue
2855:Music
2720:Genre
2645:China
2489:Genre
2405:Irony
2380:Farce
2046:(PDF)
1995:S2CID
1865:JSTOR
1510:S2CID
1502:JSTOR
1383:S2CID
948:Terms
799:, or
783:or a
744:emcee
667:, or
463:, or
457:music
453:props
415:stage
333:Opera
328:Music
318:Magic
308:Dance
303:Clown
193:JSTOR
179:books
3140:Sick
3125:Prop
3096:High
3060:Blue
2966:Rock
2821:Spex
2638:Asia
2450:Film
2410:Joke
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2274:2024
2243:2021
2192:2020
2157:ISBN
2138:2022
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1964:2021
1929:ISBN
1902:2019
1834:2019
1826:Mask
1799:LCCN
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1623:IMDb
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