829:, armed with six 12-pounder Napoleons, carried 288 round shot, 288 spherical case, 96 common shells, and 96 canister rounds in its limbers and caissons. In a single ammunition box there were 12 shot, 12 spherical case, 4 shells, 4 canister rounds, and 48 friction primers. But this allocation of ammunition changed. According to the 1864 U.S. Army Field Artillery Instructions, the ammunition box contained 20 round shot, 8 spherical case, and 4 canister rounds. The 1863 Confederate States Ordnance Manual recommended that the Napoleon's ammunition box carry 12 shot, 12 spherical case, 4 shell, and 4 canister rounds. A 6-gun battery of 12-pounder Napoleons with two caissons per gun required 20 6-horse teams and 10 extra horses. Each 6-horse team was controlled by three drivers and each gun crew was made up of nine cannoneers.
774:
spherical case (shrapnel) shot 1,135 yd (1,038 m) at 3°45' elevation. With a 2.0 lb (0.9 kg) gunpowder charge it was capable of firing common shell 1,300 yd (1,189 m) at 3°45' elevation. The cannon fired a 12.25 lb (5.6 kg) round shot of 4.52 in (11.5 cm) diameter. The spherical case shot weighed 12.1 lb (5.5 kg) and released 78 musket balls when it burst. The canister round weighed 14.8 lb (6.7 kg) and contained 27 iron balls that were 1.49 in (3.8 cm) in diameter or slightly smaller. Canister shot was packed in four tiers within the canister round. When fired, canister was effective up to a distance of 350 yd (320 m).
484:
778:
619:
845:
833:
822:
ammunition and propellent charges as the M1841 12-pounder field gun, but its tube and carriage were 577 lb (261.7 kg) lighter than those of the older artillery piece. A 6-gun Union battery of
Napoleons was made up of three 2-gun sections. Each gun was hitched to a limber drawn by six horses and accompanied by a limber and caisson drawn by six horses. There was one ammunition box on each limber and two ammunition boxes on each caisson. Generally, each battery also had six reserve limber and caissons, one traveling forge wagon, and one battery wagon hauling equipment.
762:
354:
into massed formations or fortifications. Napoleon III realized that mixing field guns and howitzers within an artillery battery caused the logistical problem of having to carry two types of ammunition. He understood that batteries might become more effective if a single gun could fire both the round shot of the field gun and the common shell and spherical case shot of the howitzer. (Both field guns and howitzers were already capable of firing canister shot.) The French gun designers' solution to the problem was the invention of the
44:
912:, armed with six 12-pounder Napoleons, was deployed in an exposed position near the Bloody Cornfield at dawn and suffered heavy casualties. While in action, infantry volunteers served some of the guns as they fired double canister rounds. Not knowing that he was supposed to remove the second gunpowder charge, one volunteer loaded two full canister charges. The Napoleon recoiled violently with each discharge, but at the end of the action the gun was found to be undamaged.
811:
591:
production of 12-pounder
Napoleons. In addition, the South suffered from such a shortage of copper that in May 1861 no bronze guns could be produced. In December 1861, bronze gun casting resumed when enough copper was found, mostly from melted down stills and church bells. On 10 July 1862, Confederate chief of ordnance
390:
visitor center. On 28 May 1857, the
Ordnance Department ordered four guns of a modified version from Ames and these pieces were delivered on 16 September 1857. The four modified guns were 3 in (76 mm) longer than the original gun and 40 lb (18.1 kg) heavier. These four guns became
789:
The first 12-pounder
Napoleons produced by Northern gun foundries included a pair of handles attached to the top of the gun barrel. As many as 33 were manufactured before the handles were eliminated in late 1861. Of the 21 surviving Napoleons with handles, 17 were produced by Ames, 3 by Alger, and 1
590:
The
Confederate States started the Civil War with its batteries largely armed with the M1841 6-pounder field guns and M1841 12-pounder howitzers found in Southern arsenals. The Confederate States were hampered by having an inferior industrial capacity compared to the North and were far behind in the
773:
and weighed 1,227 lb (556.6 kg). The diameter of the bore (caliber) was 4.62 in (11.7 cm) and the bore length was 63.6 in (161.5 cm). With a 2.5 lb (1.1 kg) gunpowder charge it was capable of firing solid shot 1,680 yd (1,536 m) at 5° elevation and
353:
In the period before the Civil War, a U.S. Army light artillery battery was organized with four M1841 6-pounder field guns and two M1841 12-pounder howitzers. The field gun fired solid iron cannon balls in a flat trajectory to smash its targets while the howitzer was designed to lob hollow shells
821:
The 12-pounder
Napoleon was the most favored field gun of both Union and Confederate armies. It was fairly accurate at all ranges and especially lethal when firing canister at close range. The Napoleon was mounted on a carriage weighing 1,128 lb (511.7 kg). The Napoleon fired the same
602:
plans for the 12-pounder
Napoleon. Gorgas asked that all production of the 6-pounder gun and 12-pounder howitzer be suspended, so that the new Napoleons could be manufactured. On 13 November 1862, Gorgas ordered that 12-pounder Napoleons should be the only bronze artillery pieces produced. On 5
900:. On the same battlefield, the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia employed only fourteen Napoleons, compared to forty-four M1841 12-pounder howitzers, forty-three 10-pounder Parrott rifles, and forty-one M1841 6-pounder guns. Most Confederate batteries were made up of a mix of guns.
404:
When the Civil War broke out in April 1861, the U.S. Army owned only the original five 12-pounder
Napoleons. The U.S. Army needed field artillery and there was no time to experiment with new gun types. Since the new gun could be produced quickly, orders were placed with Ames and
735:
The first order for
Confederate 12-pounder Napoleons came on 7 February 1861 when Georgia ordered 12 guns from the Tredegar Iron Works, but it is unclear whether this batch was ever produced. Leeds & Company shipped two 12-pounder Napoleons on 19 December 1861. The Federal
928:
counted 72 artillery pieces, including eighteen
Napoleons, twenty-six 3.8-inch James rifles, and twelve 3-inch Ordnance rifles. In the Army of the Potomac at the Battle of Gettysburg, every bronze smoothbore on the field was a Napoleon except two 12-pounder howitzers in the
467:
When it became clear that the war would be a long one, many more guns were ordered. The number of 12-pounder Napoleons produced for the Federal government each year were 1861 (179), 1862 (422), 1863 (512), and 1864 (13). In 1864, 39 Napoleons were produced for the states of
385:
received an order to produce a copy of the gun-howitzer, and on 25 March 1857 the Ordnance Department accepted delivery of one 1,187 lb (538 kg) piece for a cost of $ 546.02. The weapon failed its trial, but in 2004 the original gun could be seen at the
798:
wrote, "No instance has occurred during the war ... of the 12-pdr bronze gun (the Napoleon) having worn out or of its bursting." Many Confederate gunners preferred the Napoleons produced in the North because of their higher quality. A British observer,
439:
in command of U.S. forces in summer 1861. Like Mordecai, McClellan saw the advantages of using a single artillery piece to combine the functions of both field gun and howitzer. In 1861, McClellan approved the plan offered by his chief of artillery
744:
in June 1862 ended production at Quinby & Robinson. Most Confederate-manufactured Napoleons did not have the muzzle swell that was characteristic of US-manufactured Napoleons. In December 1863, Federal troops captured the copper mines at
860:
General Barry pointed out that after the First Battle of Bull Run, there were only nine artillery batteries of mixed calibers available, drawn by 400 horses and manned by 650 men. By strenuous efforts, in March 1862 when McClellan's
919:
on November 29, 1863, the 12-pounder Napoleons used by the Federals fired triple canister. The Union armies in the Western Theater eventually received their share of 12-pounder Napoleons. On 30 June 1863, the
463:
in July 1861, the U.S. Army had only nine 12-pounder Napoleons, and by 1 January 1862, it had only 36 Napoleons. In August 1861, 22 Napoleons were ordered and 153 were ordered in October and November 1861.
924:
reported having 220 artillery pieces, including sixty Napoleons, forty-five 3.8-inch James rifles, thirty-four 3-inch Ordnance rifles, and thirty-two 10-pounder Parrott rifles. On the same date, the
873:
and were used to equip the western Union armies. The 1862 inventory by the Ohio Quartermaster General listed only ten 12-pounder Napoleons out of 162 available guns, compared to forty-four
2136:
487:
Muzzle of a 12-pounder Napoleon at Malvern Hill reads: "No348 (registry) - Revere Copper Co. (faintly) - 1233 lbs. - 1863 - T.J.R. (Thomas Jefferson Rodman, inspector)".
615:
on 1–3 July 1863, Lee's army received 49 of the recast Napoleons. The Confederate manufacturers and how many guns they produced are shown in the following table.
865:
took the field, there were 92 batteries containing 520 guns, 12,500 men, and 11,000 horses. Many obsolete guns brought by volunteer artillery units in the
2786:
2111:
2096:
892:
on 16–17 September 1862, out of 301 artillery pieces, the well-equipped Army of the Potomac had one hundred seventeen 12-pounder Napoleons, eighty-one
2801:
2776:
422:
378:
Alfred Mordecai wrote a report praising the new gun-howitzer and the U.S. Ordnance Department quickly obtained a license to produce the gun.
2705:
459:. Each battery was organized so as to contain six identical guns, if possible, with no less than four guns per battery. By the time of the
2219:
2159:
2725:
2720:
2057:
954:
870:
866:
2515:
930:
2475:
2968:
2048:
1992:
1918:
2599:
2973:
2364:
2339:
941:
in May 1864, it included 110,000 soldiers and 254 artillery pieces, of which every one was a 12-pounder Napoleon, 10- or
17:
611:
asking that most 6-pounder guns and some 12-pounder howitzers be melted down and recast as 12-pounder Napoleons. By the
2284:
749:, stopping all manufacture of bronze cannons in the Confederate States. After this, the Tredegar Iron Works produced a
341:
utilized captured U.S. 12-pounder Napoleons and also manufactured about 500 during the war. The weapon was named after
1956:
1937:
1899:
1880:
1842:
826:
791:
49:
2214:
2194:
2164:
2106:
1861:
2154:
2116:
2088:
815:
782:
387:
2864:
2384:
2126:
769:
The Model 1857 bronze 12-pounder Napoleon gun barrel was 72.15 in (183.3 cm) from the muzzle to the
2495:
909:
338:
2806:
2663:
305:. The weapon proved to be simple to produce, reliable, and robust. It fired a 12.03 lb (5.5 kg)
2169:
2811:
2645:
659:
563:
382:
117:
2404:
2359:
794:
in 2004. The Napoleon was a very dependable weapon. In 1864, U.S. Chief of Ordnance Brigadier General
790:
by Revere. Ames also manufactured 6 bronze rifled Napoleons in 1862; all survived and were located at
2758:
2753:
2738:
2733:
2279:
2239:
2041:
804:
330:
326:
2589:
2796:
2791:
2409:
2101:
942:
934:
908:
was exceptional in that it was composed of four 12-pounder Napoleons. Captain Joseph B. Campbell's
897:
460:
2743:
2594:
2555:
2485:
2446:
2374:
2369:
2302:
2199:
1246:
The sources Coggins, Katcher, and Ripley provide different ranges for round shot at 5° elevation.
878:
741:
511:
334:
2768:
2673:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2510:
921:
916:
901:
737:
685:
444:
429:
342:
337:. A total of 1,157 were produced for the U.S. Army, all but a few in the period 1861–1863. The
310:
2612:
832:
2781:
2414:
2317:
2189:
2174:
893:
800:
452:
414:
877:, thirty-eight rifled 6-pounder guns, and thirty M1841 6-pounder field guns. As late as the
2882:
2379:
2264:
2234:
2204:
2034:
905:
874:
770:
612:
480:. The U.S. manufacturers and how many guns they produced are shown in the following table.
410:
289:
2460:
777:
391:
the standard model for all 12-pounder Napoleons subsequently produced for the U.S. Army.
8:
2927:
2560:
2259:
862:
849:
746:
599:
432:
293:
2229:
2668:
2658:
2389:
2297:
2073:
889:
724:
711:
483:
363:
318:
285:
281:
183:
97:
2471:
Sharps M1848, M1850, M1851, M1852, M1853, M1855, M1859, M1863, M1865 carbine and rifle
2826:
2505:
2500:
2490:
2010:
1988:
1971:
1952:
1933:
1914:
1895:
1876:
1857:
1838:
672:
441:
367:
214:
2617:
2026:
740:
in April 1862 ended production of Napoleons at Leeds & Company, while the Union
2640:
2622:
2399:
2394:
2354:
2274:
2269:
2249:
2244:
2146:
1830:
938:
925:
795:
646:
2451:
869:
were soon replaced by newer guns. Older guns rejected in the east migrated to the
844:
2937:
2917:
2821:
2697:
2632:
2604:
2565:
2550:
2441:
2436:
2349:
2209:
359:
358:
or 12-pounder gun-howitzer. By 1856, this new weapon had been adopted by France,
242:
622:
Confederate-made 12-pounder Napoleon at Gettysburg shows a lack of muzzle swell.
451:
field artillery batteries exclusively with the light 12-pounder smoothbore, the
2942:
2902:
2710:
2465:
2312:
2307:
2292:
2254:
2131:
761:
698:
618:
371:
322:
2019:
43:
2962:
2912:
2907:
2763:
2545:
2480:
2344:
2179:
2121:
2065:
853:
604:
595:
469:
456:
436:
333:
in the U.S. Army, while replacement of these older weapons was slower in the
314:
2932:
1975:
825:
The ammunition box for the Napoleon contained 32 rounds. At Gettysburg, the
2854:
2849:
2839:
2777:
James 24-pounder M1839, 32-pounder M1829 and 42-pounder M1841 rifled cannon
2678:
2470:
2431:
2426:
608:
418:
375:
277:
232:
2802:
Parrott 30-pounder, 100-pounder, 200-pounder and 300-pounder rifled cannon
2020:"Green Ones and Black Ones: The Most Common Field Pieces of the Civil War"
2653:
2184:
2083:
406:
112:
2878:
2859:
1412:
549:
473:
448:
306:
274:
1810:
1808:
885:, the Union forces employed 40 guns, but none of them were Napoleons.
2922:
2897:
2892:
2844:
2834:
2772:(also known as James 6-pounder M1861 or 3.8-inch M1861 rifled cannon)
2688:
2584:
2224:
1648:
1646:
1496:
1373:
1371:
1369:
750:
374:. An American military commission sent to Europe in 1855–1856 led by
298:
1354:
1344:
1342:
1327:
848:
12-pounder Napoleon manufactured in 1864 is located in front of the
1805:
1436:
882:
309:
a distance of 1,619 to 1,680 yd (1,480 to 1,536 m) at 5°
302:
1643:
1366:
810:
2331:
2078:
1911:
The Knoxville Campaign: Burnside and Longstreet in East Tennessee
1682:
1339:
1300:
1288:
1276:
592:
196:
1795:
1793:
1730:
2947:
2327:
1317:
1315:
524:
1670:
960:
Characteristics of common American Civil War artillery pieces
1987:. Chapel Hill, N.C.: The University of North Carolina Press.
1790:
1718:
1706:
1694:
1658:
1619:
1547:
1312:
1890:
Hazlett, James C.; Olmstead, Edwin; Parks, M. Hume (2004).
753:
Napoleon with a 2 in (51 mm) thick breech band.
477:
417:, and Miles Greenwood & Company. A single experimental
325:. The 12-pounder Napoleon outclassed and soon replaced the
2427:
Joslyn M1855, M1861, M1862, M1864, M1865 carbine and rifle
781:
Model 1857 12-pounder Napoleon with handles is located at
1932:. College Station, Tex.: Texas A&M University Press.
1766:
1537:
1535:
1448:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1386:
428:
One member of the 1855 American military commission was
1930:
Artillery Hell: The Employment of Artillery at Antietam
1571:
1266:
1264:
1262:
288:. The gun was the American-manufactured version of the
2056:
1778:
1607:
1595:
1559:
1532:
1520:
1508:
1484:
1472:
1460:
1424:
1383:
803:
noted in 1863 that many of the guns belonging to the
2706:
8-inch M1841, 10-inch M1841 and 13-inch M1861 mortar
1889:
1814:
1652:
1502:
1442:
1418:
1377:
1360:
1348:
1333:
1306:
1294:
1282:
1259:
1913:. Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press.
1742:
1583:
1835:Decision in the West: The Atlanta Campaign of 1864
1754:
1631:
627:Manufacturers of Confederate 12-pounder Napoleons
1892:Field Artillery Weapons of the American Civil War
2960:
2486:Spencer M1860, M1865 repeating carbine and rifle
1928:Johnson, Curt; Anderson, Richard C. Jr. (1995).
1837:. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas.
1927:
1799:
1736:
1724:
1712:
1700:
1688:
1676:
1625:
1553:
1321:
1894:. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press.
807:were captured pieces of Northern manufacture.
492:Manufacturers of US Army 12-pounder Napoleons
2042:
2160:Allen & Thurber M1837 revolver pepperbox
2112:M1850 army staff & field officer's sword
1985:Fields of Blood: The Prairie Grove Campaign
2225:Deringer M1825 Philadelphia caplock pistol
2097:M1840 army noncommissioned officer's sword
2049:
2035:
607:wrote to the Confederate Secretary of War
2313:Wesson and Leavitt M1850 Dragoon revolver
2270:Remington M1860 Elliot revolver pepperbox
1968:Artillery and Ammunition of the Civil War
955:Field artillery in the American Civil War
843:
831:
809:
776:
760:
617:
482:
284:in 1857 and extensively employed in the
280:artillery piece that was adopted by the
2175:Butterfield M1855 transitional revolver
1970:. Charleston, S.C.: The Battery Press.
1946:
1851:
1784:
1613:
1601:
1565:
1541:
1526:
1514:
1490:
1454:
1430:
1406:
1394:
1270:
931:2nd Connecticut Light Artillery Battery
14:
2961:
2797:Parrott 20-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
2792:Parrott 10-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
2749:12-pounder M1857 Napoleon field cannon
2017:
2008:
1965:
1949:American Civil War Artillery 1861–1865
1829:
1772:
1478:
1466:
948:
765:Federal Model 1857 12-pounder Napoleon
2646:Billinghurst Requa Battery volley gun
2365:Colt M1855 revolver carbine and rifle
2030:
1951:. Osceola, Wisc.: Osprey Publishing.
297:which combined the functions of both
2769:James 14-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
2235:Harpers Ferry M1836 and M1842 pistol
2137:USMC noncommissioned officer's sword
1982:
1908:
1870:
1760:
1748:
1664:
1637:
1589:
1577:
409:. Later, more contracts were let to
2782:Ordnance 3-inch M1861 rifled cannon
2285:Smith & Wesson Model No. 2 Army
2165:Allen & Wheelock M1861 revolver
1875:. Cambridge, Mass.: Da Capo Press.
1854:Arms and Equipment of the Civil War
24:
2865:Whitworth 70-pounder rifled cannon
2812:Whitworth 12-pounder rifled cannon
2744:12-pounder M1841 mountain howitzer
2476:Sharps & Hankins M1862 carbine
2360:Charleville M1816 and M1822 musket
2230:Elgin M1838 cutlass caplock pistol
1815:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1653:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1503:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1443:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1419:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1378:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1361:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1349:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1334:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1307:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1295:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
1283:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
904:M. B. Miller's 3rd Company of the
814:Model 1857 12-pounder Napoleon at
25:
2985:
2289:Spiller & Burr M1861 revolver
2058:Weapons of the American Civil War
1873:Civil War Artillery at Gettysburg
1856:. New York, N.Y.: Fairfax Press.
827:5th Maine Light Artillery Battery
792:Gettysburg National Military Park
756:
447:, which included the goal to arm
421:Napoleon was manufactured by the
345:, who helped develop the weapon.
50:Gettysburg National Military Park
2275:Savage-North M1861 Navy revolver
252:Effective firing range
191:2.5 lb (1.1 kg) charge
189:12.3 lb (5.6 kg) shell
42:
2787:Ordnance 4.5-inch rifled cannon
2541:Springfield M1863 rifled musket
2536:Springfield M1861 rifled musket
2531:Springfield M1855 rifled musket
2350:Brunswick P1836 and P1841 rifle
2303:Volcanic M1855 repeating pistol
816:National Civil War Naval Museum
783:Petersburg National Battlefield
388:Petersburg National Battlefield
2711:Coehorn 5.82-inch M1841 mortar
2561:Wesson M1859 carbine and rifle
2556:Volcanic M1855 repeating rifle
2293:Starr M1858 and M1863 revolver
1240:
881:on 7 December 1862, fought in
585:
247:1,485 ft/s (453 m/s)
138:
13:
1:
2170:Beaumont–Adams M1862 revolver
1823:
1222:1,900 yd (1,737 m)
1196:1,900 yd (1,737 m)
1170:1,830 yd (1,673 m)
1144:1,700 yd (1,554 m)
1118:1,619 yd (1,480 m)
1090:1,322 yd (1,209 m)
1038:1,663 yd (1,521 m)
1012:1,523 yd (1,393 m)
910:4th U.S. Artillery, Battery B
411:Henry N. Hooper & Company
394:
348:
339:Confederate States of America
227:1,128 lb (511.7 kg)
157:1,227 lb (556.6 kg)
48:M1857 12-pounder Napoleon at
2969:American Civil War artillery
2734:6-pounder M1841 field cannon
2654:Gatling I and II machine gun
2466:Richmond M1861 rifled musket
2180:Colt M1836 Paterson revolver
945:, or 3-inch Ordnance rifle.
255:1,680 yd (1,536 m)
7:
2526:Springfield M1847 musketoon
2415:Henry M1860 repeating rifle
2380:Enfield P1853 rifled musket
2375:Deringer M1817 Common rifle
2370:Deringer M1814 Common rifle
2190:Colt M1848 Dragoon revolver
2117:M1852 naval officer's sword
2107:M1840 light artillery saber
2002:
1800:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1737:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1725:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1713:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1701:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1689:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1677:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1626:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1554:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1322:Johnson & Anderson 1995
1213:1,175 lb (533 kg)
1210:1,750 lb (794 kg)
1109:1,128 lb (512 kg)
1106:1,227 lb (557 kg)
1100:4.62 in (11.7 cm)
1081:1,128 lb (512 kg)
1078:1,318 lb (598 kg)
1072:5.82 in (14.8 cm)
1064:1,072 yd (980 m)
1046:4.62 in (11.7 cm)
1029:1,175 lb (533 kg)
1026:1,757 lb (797 kg)
1020:4.62 in (11.7 cm)
10:
2990:
2974:Ames Manufacturing Company
2432:Lorenz M1854 rifled musket
2280:Smith & Wesson Model 1
2215:Colt M1862 Police revolver
2195:Colt M1849 Pocket revolver
2185:Colt M1847 Walker revolver
2089:M1832 foot artillery sword
1207:84 in (213.4 cm)
1204:3.67 in (9.3 cm)
1181:74 in (188.0 cm)
1155:69 in (175.3 cm)
1141:0.75 lb (0.3 kg)
1129:60 in (152.4 cm)
1126:3.67 in (9.3 cm)
1112:12.3 lb (5.6 kg)
1103:66 in (167.6 cm)
1084:18.4 lb (8.3 kg)
1075:65 in (165.1 cm)
1049:53 in (134.6 cm)
1032:12.3 lb (5.6 kg)
1023:78 in (198.1 cm)
1009:1.25 lb (0.6 kg)
997:60 in (152.4 cm)
994:3.67 in (9.3 cm)
952:
937:'s western army began the
839:
660:Charleston, South Carolina
564:Phoenixville, Pennsylvania
383:Ames Manufacturing Company
201:4.62 in (117 mm)
165:66.0 in (1.68 m)
36:M1857 12-pounder Napoleon
2877:
2820:
2759:32-pounder M1844 howitzer
2754:24-pounder M1841 howitzer
2739:12-pounder M1841 howitzer
2719:
2696:
2687:
2631:
2574:
2326:
2250:Lefaucheux M1858 revolver
2245:Lefaucheux M1854 revolver
2145:
2127:M1860 light cavalry saber
2064:
2011:"The Weapons of Antietam"
1983:Shea, William L. (2009).
1871:Cole, Phillip M. (2002).
1667:, pp. 160 & 218.
1219:2.0 lb (0.9 kg)
1200:
1193:1.0 lb (0.5 kg)
1190:9.5 lb (4.3 kg)
1187:900 lb (408 kg)
1184:899 lb (408 kg)
1178:3.0 in (7.6 cm)
1174:
1167:1.0 lb (0.5 kg)
1164:9.5 lb (4.3 kg)
1161:900 lb (408 kg)
1158:820 lb (372 kg)
1152:3.0 in (7.6 cm)
1148:
1135:900 lb (408 kg)
1132:875 lb (397 kg)
1122:
1115:2.5 lb (1.1 kg)
1096:M1857 12-pounder Napoleon
1094:
1087:2.0 lb (0.9 kg)
1069:M1841 24-pounder howitzer
1068:
1061:1.0 lb (0.5 kg)
1058:8.9 lb (4.0 kg)
1055:900 lb (408 kg)
1052:788 lb (357 kg)
1043:M1841 12-pounder howitzer
1042:
1035:2.5 lb (1.1 kg)
1016:
1006:6.1 lb (2.8 kg)
1003:900 lb (408 kg)
1000:884 lb (401 kg)
990:
985:
976:
973:
964:
898:10-pounder Parrott rifles
805:Army of Northern Virginia
720:
707:
694:
681:
668:
655:
642:
634:
631:
572:
559:
546:Miles Greenwood & Co.
545:
535:Henry M. Hooper & Co.
534:
520:
507:
499:
496:
407:Cyrus Alger & Company
381:On 14 December 1856, the
331:M1841 12-pounder howitzer
327:M1841 6-pounder field gun
263:M1857 12-pounder Napoleon
251:
241:
231:
223:
213:
205:
195:
182:
177:
169:
161:
153:
148:
137:
129:
123:Miles Greenwood & Co.
121:Henry N. Hooper & Co.
108:
103:
93:
85:
77:
72:
65:Place of origin
64:
56:
41:
34:
2835:Bomford Columbiad cannon
2521:Springfield M1842 musket
2516:Springfield M1840 musket
2511:Springfield M1835 musket
2506:Springfield M1822 musket
2501:Springfield M1816 musket
2496:Springfield M1812 musket
2491:Springfield M1795 musket
2410:Harper Ferry M1803 rifle
2405:Hall-North M1843 carbine
2390:Fayetteville M1862 rifle
2265:Remington M1858 revolver
2220:Colt Root M1855 revolver
2210:Colt M1861 Navy revolver
2205:Colt M1860 Army revolver
2200:Colt M1851 Navy revolver
1947:Katcher, Philip (2001).
1228:
1216:20 lb (9.1 kg)
1201:20-pounder Parrott rifle
1175:10-pounder Parrott rifle
1138:12 lb (5.4 kg)
982:
979:
970:
967:
943:20-pounder Parrott rifle
935:William Tecumseh Sherman
637:
502:
461:First Battle of Bull Run
399:
2860:Rodman Columbiad cannon
2595:Double-barreled shotgun
2447:Mississippi M1841 rifle
2385:Enfield P1861 musketoon
1966:Ripley, Warren (1970).
1017:M1841 12-pounder cannon
879:Battle of Prairie Grove
603:December 1862, General
512:Chicopee, Massachusetts
335:Confederate States Army
271:12-pounder gun-howitzer
2395:Gallager M1861 carbine
2355:Burnside M1855 carbine
2318:Whitney M1857 revolver
2298:Tranter M1856 revolver
2018:Morgan, James (2002).
2013:. Antietam on the Web.
2009:Downey, Brian (2019).
1909:Hess, Earl J. (2013).
1852:Coggins, Jack (2004).
1123:12-pounder James rifle
991:M1841 6-pounder cannon
922:Army of the Cumberland
917:Battle of Fort Sanders
894:3-inch Ordnance rifles
857:
836:
818:
786:
766:
738:capture of New Orleans
686:New Orleans, Louisiana
623:
508:Ames Manufacturing Co.
488:
445:William Farquhar Barry
343:Napoleon III of France
233:Rate of fire
2764:Blakely rifled cannon
2674:Vandenberg volley gun
2566:Whitworth P1857 rifle
2551:Tarpley M1863 carbine
2442:Merrill M1858 carbine
2437:Maynard M1851 carbine
2340:Augustin M1842 musket
1149:3-inch Ordnance rifle
875:3.8-inch James rifles
847:
835:
813:
801:Arthur Lyon Fremantle
780:
764:
708:Quinby & Robinson
621:
576:Boston, Massachusetts
538:Boston, Massachusetts
521:Cyrus Alger & Co.
486:
453:3-inch Ordnance rifle
415:Revere Copper Company
313:. It could also fire
2840:Brooke rifled cannon
2807:Pate revolver cannon
2679:Williams machine gun
2664:Pate revolver cannon
2600:Hale rocket launcher
2461:Potzdam M1831 musket
2308:Walch M1859 revolver
2260:Moore M1864 revolver
2255:LeMat M1856 revolver
2155:Adams M1851 revolver
906:Washington Artillery
613:Battle of Gettysburg
267:Light 12-pounder gun
243:Muzzle velocity
144:USA: 1,157, CSA: 501
2928:Maynard tape primer
2650:Claxton machine gun
2546:Starr M1858 carbine
2481:Smith M1857 carbine
2345:Ballard M1861 rifle
2240:Kerr M1855 revolver
2102:M1840 cavalry saber
2093:M1833 dragoon saber
2022:. civilwarhome.com.
1775:, pp. 112–115.
1580:, pp. 109–110.
1421:, pp. 100–101.
961:
949:Civil War artillery
863:Army of the Potomac
850:Texas State Capitol
747:Ducktown, Tennessee
721:Tredegar Iron Works
682:Leeds & Company
628:
600:Tredegar Iron Works
493:
433:George B. McClellan
356:canon obusier de 12
323:spherical case shot
294:canon obusier de 12
18:12-pounder Napoleon
2669:Ripley machine gun
2659:Gorgas machine gun
2633:Rapid fire weapons
2074:Arkansas toothpick
1691:, pp. 86–101.
959:
890:Battle of Antietam
858:
837:
819:
787:
767:
742:capture of Memphis
725:Richmond, Virginia
712:Memphis, Tennessee
656:Charleston Arsenal
626:
624:
560:Phoenix Iron Works
491:
489:
423:Phoenix Iron Works
286:American Civil War
282:United States Army
104:Production history
98:American Civil War
2956:
2955:
2873:
2872:
2827:Coastal artillery
2773:
1994:978-0-8078-3315-5
1920:978-1-57233-995-8
1831:Castel, Albert E.
1739:, pp. 21–22.
1505:, pp. 92–93.
1457:, pp. 23–24.
1409:, pp. 22–23.
1363:, pp. 95–96.
1336:, pp. 88–89.
1226:
1225:
733:
732:
673:Columbus, Georgia
583:
582:
573:Revere Copper Co.
442:Brigadier General
259:
258:
125:Revere Copper Co.
16:(Redirected from
2981:
2845:Carronade cannon
2771:
2694:
2693:
2641:Ager machine gun
2623:Winans Steam Gun
2452:P1839 and P1842
2400:Hall M1819 rifle
2051:
2044:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2014:
1998:
1979:
1962:
1943:
1924:
1905:
1886:
1867:
1848:
1818:
1812:
1803:
1797:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1381:
1375:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1247:
1244:
977:Carriage weight
962:
958:
939:Atlanta campaign
926:Army of the Ohio
896:and fifty-seven
796:George D. Ramsay
669:Columbus Arsenal
647:Augusta, Georgia
629:
625:
494:
490:
140:
46:
37:
32:
31:
21:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2938:Paper cartridge
2918:Friction primer
2885:
2869:
2855:Paixhans cannon
2850:Dahlgren cannon
2825:
2816:
2726:Siege artillery
2724:
2715:
2683:
2627:
2605:Ketchum Grenade
2590:Congreve rocket
2570:
2322:
2141:
2060:
2055:
2005:
1995:
1959:
1940:
1921:
1902:
1883:
1864:
1845:
1826:
1821:
1813:
1806:
1798:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1771:
1767:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1735:
1731:
1723:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1663:
1659:
1651:
1644:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1620:
1612:
1608:
1600:
1596:
1588:
1584:
1576:
1572:
1564:
1560:
1552:
1548:
1540:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1513:
1509:
1501:
1497:
1489:
1485:
1477:
1473:
1465:
1461:
1453:
1449:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1393:
1384:
1376:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1347:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1289:
1281:
1277:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1231:
986:Range 5° elev.
957:
951:
871:Western Theater
867:Eastern Theater
842:
785:visitor center.
771:end of the knob
759:
643:Augusta Arsenal
588:
527:, Massachusetts
402:
397:
351:
237:1 rounds/minute
190:
178:
124:
122:
120:
116:
78:In service
73:Service history
52:
35:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2987:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2943:Percussion cap
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2903:.56-56 Spencer
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2831:
2829:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2702:
2700:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2648:
2643:
2637:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2613:Rains landmine
2610:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2132:Mameluke sword
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2054:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2015:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1993:
1980:
1963:
1957:
1944:
1938:
1925:
1919:
1906:
1900:
1887:
1881:
1868:
1862:
1849:
1843:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1817:, p. 217.
1804:
1789:
1777:
1765:
1753:
1751:, p. 155.
1741:
1729:
1717:
1705:
1693:
1681:
1679:, p. 129.
1669:
1657:
1642:
1630:
1618:
1606:
1594:
1592:, p. 106.
1582:
1570:
1558:
1546:
1531:
1519:
1507:
1495:
1483:
1481:, p. 379.
1471:
1469:, p. 366.
1459:
1447:
1445:, p. 101.
1435:
1423:
1411:
1399:
1382:
1365:
1353:
1338:
1326:
1311:
1299:
1287:
1275:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
988:
987:
984:
983:Charge weight
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
953:Main article:
950:
947:
841:
838:
758:
757:Specifications
755:
731:
730:
727:
722:
718:
717:
714:
709:
705:
704:
701:
699:Macon, Georgia
696:
692:
691:
688:
683:
679:
678:
675:
670:
666:
665:
662:
657:
653:
652:
649:
644:
640:
639:
636:
633:
587:
584:
581:
580:
577:
574:
570:
569:
566:
561:
557:
556:
553:
547:
543:
542:
539:
536:
532:
531:
528:
522:
518:
517:
514:
509:
505:
504:
501:
498:
401:
398:
396:
393:
350:
347:
278:muzzle-loading
257:
256:
253:
249:
248:
245:
239:
238:
235:
229:
228:
225:
221:
220:
219:Muzzle loading
217:
211:
210:
207:
203:
202:
199:
193:
192:
187:
180:
179:
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
149:Specifications
146:
145:
142:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
110:
106:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
47:
39:
38:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2986:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2913:Canister shot
2911:
2909:
2908:Buck and ball
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:and equipment
2884:
2880:
2876:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:Rains grenade
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:Adams grenade
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:Other weapons
2573:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2122:M1860 cutlass
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2066:Edged weapons
2063:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2040:
2038:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2006:
1996:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1958:1-84176-451-5
1954:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1939:0-89096-623-0
1935:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1901:0-252-07210-3
1897:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1882:0-306-81145-6
1878:
1874:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1844:0-7006-0562-2
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1802:, p. 25.
1801:
1796:
1794:
1787:, p. 77.
1786:
1781:
1774:
1769:
1763:, p. 89.
1762:
1757:
1750:
1745:
1738:
1733:
1727:, p. 53.
1726:
1721:
1715:, p. 70.
1714:
1709:
1703:, p. 90.
1702:
1697:
1690:
1685:
1678:
1673:
1666:
1661:
1655:, p. 51.
1654:
1649:
1647:
1640:, p. 21.
1639:
1634:
1628:, p. 28.
1627:
1622:
1616:, p. 73.
1615:
1610:
1604:, p. 18.
1603:
1598:
1591:
1586:
1579:
1574:
1568:, p. 69.
1567:
1562:
1556:, p. 23.
1555:
1550:
1544:, p. 66.
1543:
1538:
1536:
1529:, p. 24.
1528:
1523:
1517:, p. 20.
1516:
1511:
1504:
1499:
1493:, p. 67.
1492:
1487:
1480:
1475:
1468:
1463:
1456:
1451:
1444:
1439:
1433:, p. 23.
1432:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1408:
1403:
1397:, p. 25.
1396:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1380:, p. 91.
1379:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1362:
1357:
1351:, p. 89.
1350:
1345:
1343:
1335:
1330:
1324:, p. 21.
1323:
1318:
1316:
1309:, p. 88.
1308:
1303:
1297:, p. 70.
1296:
1291:
1285:, p. 28.
1284:
1279:
1273:, p. 63.
1272:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1252:
1243:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
989:
963:
956:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
927:
923:
918:
913:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
886:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
855:
854:Austin, Texas
851:
846:
834:
830:
828:
823:
817:
812:
808:
806:
802:
797:
793:
784:
779:
775:
772:
763:
754:
752:
748:
743:
739:
728:
726:
723:
719:
715:
713:
710:
706:
702:
700:
697:
695:Macon Arsenal
693:
689:
687:
684:
680:
676:
674:
671:
667:
663:
661:
658:
654:
650:
648:
645:
641:
638:No. Produced
630:
620:
616:
614:
610:
606:
605:Robert E. Lee
601:
597:
596:Josiah Gorgas
594:
578:
575:
571:
567:
565:
562:
558:
554:
551:
548:
544:
540:
537:
533:
529:
526:
523:
519:
515:
513:
510:
506:
503:No. Produced
495:
485:
481:
479:
475:
471:
470:Massachusetts
465:
462:
458:
457:Parrott rifle
454:
450:
446:
443:
438:
437:major general
434:
431:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
392:
389:
384:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
315:canister shot
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
276:
273:was a bronze
272:
268:
264:
254:
250:
246:
244:
240:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
198:
194:
188:
185:
181:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
143:
136:
132:
128:
119:
114:
111:
107:
102:
99:
96:
92:
89:United States
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
68:United States
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
45:
40:
33:
27:
19:
2748:
2453:
2420:
2419:Jenks M1841
1984:
1967:
1948:
1929:
1910:
1891:
1872:
1863:0-517-402351
1853:
1834:
1785:Coggins 2004
1780:
1768:
1756:
1744:
1732:
1720:
1708:
1696:
1684:
1672:
1660:
1633:
1621:
1614:Coggins 2004
1609:
1602:Katcher 2001
1597:
1585:
1573:
1566:Coggins 2004
1561:
1549:
1542:Coggins 2004
1527:Katcher 2001
1522:
1515:Katcher 2001
1510:
1498:
1491:Coggins 2004
1486:
1474:
1462:
1455:Katcher 2001
1450:
1438:
1431:Katcher 2001
1426:
1414:
1407:Katcher 2001
1402:
1395:Katcher 2001
1356:
1329:
1302:
1290:
1278:
1271:Coggins 2004
1242:
1095:
980:Shot weight
974:Tube weight
971:Tube length
965:Description
914:
887:
859:
824:
820:
788:
768:
734:
609:James Seddon
589:
466:
427:
419:wrought iron
403:
380:
355:
352:
319:common shell
292:
270:
266:
262:
260:
109:Manufacturer
86:Used by
60:Gun-Howitzer
29:Gun-Howitzer
26:
2084:Bowie knife
1773:Castel 1992
1479:Ripley 1970
1467:Ripley 1970
915:During the
586:Confederate
435:who became
141: built
113:Cyrus Alger
2963:Categories
2933:Minié ball
2883:cartridges
2879:Ammunition
2454:Brown Bess
1824:References
550:Cincinnati
474:New Jersey
455:, and the
449:Union Army
395:Production
349:Background
307:round shot
275:smoothbore
2923:Gunpowder
2898:.44 Henry
2893:.22 Short
2689:Artillery
2585:Coach gun
1761:Cole 2002
1749:Hess 2013
1665:Shea 2009
1638:Cole 2002
1590:Cole 2002
1578:Cole 2002
1254:Citations
1234:Footnotes
751:cast iron
635:Location
598:sent the
500:Location
311:elevation
299:field gun
133:1857–1864
115:& Co.
81:1857–1865
2618:Sea mine
2421:Mule ear
2147:Sidearms
2003:See also
1976:12668104
1833:(1992).
968:Caliber
883:Arkansas
329:and the
303:howitzer
224:Carriage
130:Produced
118:Ames Co.
2698:Mortars
2423:carbine
2332:muskets
2079:Bayonet
933:. When
902:Captain
888:At the
840:History
651:c. 130
593:Colonel
430:Captain
364:Prussia
360:Austria
206:Barrels
197:Caliber
2948:Ramrod
2456:musket
2328:Rifles
1991:
1974:
1955:
1936:
1917:
1898:
1879:
1860:
1841:
664:c. 20
632:Maker
552:, Ohio
525:Boston
497:Maker
476:, and
372:Russia
370:, and
368:Saxony
321:, and
290:French
215:Action
186:weight
162:Length
2822:Naval
2721:Field
1229:Notes
400:Union
376:Major
184:Shell
2330:and
1989:ISBN
1972:OCLC
1953:ISBN
1934:ISBN
1915:ISBN
1896:ISBN
1877:ISBN
1858:ISBN
1839:ISBN
729:226
579:461
541:370
530:170
516:103
478:Ohio
301:and
261:The
170:Crew
154:Mass
94:Wars
57:Type
2824:and
2723:and
852:in
703:53
690:12
677:52
555:52
269:or
265:or
139:No.
2965::
2881:,
1807:^
1792:^
1645:^
1534:^
1385:^
1368:^
1341:^
1314:^
1261:^
716:8
568:1
472:,
425:.
413:,
366:,
362:,
317:,
2050:e
2043:t
2036:v
1997:.
1978:.
1961:.
1942:.
1923:.
1904:.
1885:.
1866:.
1847:.
856:.
209:1
173:9
20:)
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