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Iranian protests against compulsory hijab

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3605: 217: 236: 157: 173: 708: 270: 1950: 248: 1027: 202: 185: 1917: 741:) was protesting compulsory hijab in the afternoon on a utility box; the police asked her to come down and the woman refused and questioned the police what her crime was, the police replied "disturbing the peace". Then, as she was violently ejected by the police, she was injured and her leg was broken. 716:
Photos shared on social media shows that the government was placing an inverted v-shaped iron structure on the utility boxes so as to inhibit anyone standing on top of the boxes. She was sentenced to two years in prison in addition to an 18-year suspended prison term. In addition, she stated that she
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On 15 February 2019, the morality police attempted to arrest two girls for improper hijab in the Narmak area of Tehran and were met with resistance from bystanders. A group of people gathered around the van, breaking the windows, tearing the door off, and freeing the two girls inside. A video from
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started in early 2017. Other women later re-enacted her protest and posted photos of their actions on social media. These women are described as the "Girls of Enghelab Street" and the "Girls of Revolution Street" in English sources. Some of the protesters however claim that they were not following
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stated on 14 February 2018 that she was against compulsory hijab but she did not support Masih Alinejad's lead on the movement. She believed that Alinejad was trying to connect all protests inside the country to her own by telling the government that the protesters were receiving orders from
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On 29 January 2018, a woman was arrested in Tehran after reenacting Movahed's protest by standing on the same utility box in Enqelab Street, taking off her white Hijab, and holding it up on a stick. Photos posted on social media show that at least three other women reenacted
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On International Women's Day (8 March), groups of women in Tehran appeared unveiled and protested the oppression of women. A video showed two unveiled women holding a red sign, which read "International Women's Day is a promise of a just world for all of humanity", on a
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on 24 January 2018 called on the Iranian government to free the arrested woman unconditionally. On 2 February 2018 Amnesty International repeated their statement to release six human rights defenders including protester Shima Babaei, who was arrested on 1 February
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protested after a morality police van entered the campus and attempted to arrest several women for improper hijab. Videos showed a student standing in front of the van, attempting to block its exit, which lead to the driver of the van attempting to run her over.
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According to Nasrin Sotoudeh, the Iranian lawyer, Narges Hosseini known as the second girl of Enghelab street, who is 32 years old was unable to pay the US$ 135,000 bail set by the judge presiding over her case, facing a possible 10 years in prison and up to 74
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Article 639 of the same book says, two types of people shall be sentenced one year to ten years' imprisonment; first a person who establishes or directs a place of immorality or prostitution, second, a person who facilitates or encourages people to commit
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who tied a white headscarf, to a stick, and waved it to the crowd as a flag. She was arrested on that day and was released temporary on bail a month later, on 28 January 2018. Some people interpreted Movahed's action as being based on
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In August 2019, Iranian civil rights activist Saba Kord Afshari was sentenced to 24 years behind bars, including a 15-year term for taking off her hijab in public, which Iranian authorities say promoted "corruption and prostitution".
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of 1979, article 638 of the 5th book of Islamic Penal Code, called "Sanctions and deterrent penalties", states that women who do not wear a hijab may be imprisoned from ten days to two months and/or required to pay fines from
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An independent survey by GAMAAN conducted in 2020 showed that 58% of Iranians did not believe in hijab altogether, and 72% were against compulsory hijab rules. Only 15% insisted on the legal obligation to wear it in public.
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The original utility box that Vida Movahed and other protesters stood on top of, located in the Enghelab–Vesal Junction in Tehran. It has since been altered by the government to prevent protesters from standing on its
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On 2 February 2018, a poll conducted by the Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland (CISSM) showed that a few Iranians agreed with "changing Iran's political system or relaxing strict Islamic law".
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gathered to protest the increasing pressures to obey the mandatory headscarf rule. Plainclothes vigilantes attacked students who were protesting. Students also carried signs demanding freedom and free elections.
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said that choosing their own clothes is the simplest right that women could have. Her reaction to the video of Azam Jangravi's arrest was "Which one has more sin, the hairs of Azam Jangravi or that man's
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On 30 January 2018, several more women, but also men, protested against the compulsory hijab law by reenacting Movahed's protest. This took place in Tehran, as well as other cities as well including
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The Ghanoon (The Law) Newspaper published a main page article on 24 February 2018 written by Mehrshad Imani, titled "Let's not call hijabless people prostitutes," based on Article 639 of the law.
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said on 11 February, the 39th anniversary of Islamic Revolution, that under the article 59 of the constitution, any conflicts in Iranian society could be resolved with a constitutional referendum.
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On 6 February 2018, a campaign on social media with the hashtag #NoHijabDay trended, with women from around the world burning their hijabs in solidarity with Iranian women forced to wear hijab.
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on 4 February 2018 said that some of the arrested women were on "synthetic drugs"; he also declared that if it was proven that their protests were organized, their crime would be much heavier.
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New photos and video shared on social media shows another woman re-enacting Movahed's protest on the same street, Enghelab Street (Revolution Street) on 15 February 2018 was identified as
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These are some of the laws under which some protesters were charged. During the Iranian revolution in 1979, the veil was used as a way to protest Pahlavi's government.
2927: 1041:, an Iranian Shia cleric reacted to the arrests on 22 February 2018 by saying that hijab was a requirement in Islam, while questioning the act of forcing it on people. 3862: 2573: 1582: 764:) was protesting compulsory hijab on Saturday, 24 February 2018 when suddenly she was attacked by an unknown security force, her arm was broken and she was arrested. 553:, the human rights activist and lawyer who has also been arrested, found out that the woman is 31 years old and was arrested on the spot with her 19-month-old baby. 4037: 2481: 1826: 3983: 3546: 1855: 785:, with more than 600,000 followers. Her videos were shared by hundreds of people. Several Iranian women posted videos of themselves dancing to protest her arrest. 3602:"سید مهدی طباطبایی: در بحث حجاب شاهد لجبازی بین برخی مردم و مجریان هستیم/ ساز و کار اعتراض در کشور به طور واقعی روشن نیست/ فقها سعی کنند استقلال حوزه را حفظ کنند" 3021: 1453: 1251: 4010: 3691: 2816: 1487: 221: 1548: 1971: 1659: 2643: 1045: 3081: 2890: 4215: 1173: 496: 4093: 1300: 4412: 4364: 4317: 2257: 3914: 1942: 2864: 2537: 1354: 1048:
officially warned on 23 February 2018 that the punishment of removing hijabs was of up to 10 years of imprisonment, based on Article 639 of the law.
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On 11 March 2019, a man stood on a box on Enghelab street and waved a white scarf on a stick. He was arrested on the scene by the security forces.
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On 8 July 2018, Iranian teenager Maedeh Hojabri was arrested after she posted videos of herself dancing to Western and Iranian music on her
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and has taken no orders from someone either inside or outside the country, she said she has done that to protest against compulsory hijab.
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Many women demonstrators have defiantly taken off their hijabs and burned them in bonfires or symbolically cut their hair in protest.
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50,000 to Rls.500,000. Fines are recalculated in the courts to index for inflation. This has been translated and published by the
4422: 4417: 2778: 1756: 1999: 3453: 4517: 3739: 3164: 2374: 2230: 2191: 2146: 2106: 2917: 971:, said on 31 January 2018 that there was no compulsory hijab in Iran, since women would show up wearing whatever they liked. 4552: 4542: 4369: 4359: 3858: 2569: 907: 964:
reacted to the protests on 31 January 2018 by calling them "trivial" and "childish" moves that were incited by foreigners.
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Iran is the only country in the world that requires non-Muslim women to wear a headscarf. For example, in January 2018, a
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An academic – "Who and based on what article of the law allowed the police to eject that woman like that?", asked
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the incident shows police firing shots into the air to disperse the crowd. Tehran police later confirmed the incident.
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On 27 December 2017, pictures and videos of Movahed waving her scarf went viral through the hashtag "Where_is_she?" (
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On 1 February 2018 the Iranian Police department announced they had arrested 29 women for taking off their hijab.
549:, "Where is the girl of Enghelab Street" in Persian) on social media. While at first she was unknown, days later, 4557: 4532: 3687: 3073: 3051: 2882: 2842: 2812: 2756: 2730: 2669: 2412:"Protests against mandatory hijab in Iran reignite debate that has preoccupied Islamic nation since its founding" 1888: 1619: 986: 1273: 4527: 4374: 4347: 4297: 4270: 4144: 4089: 3515: 389: 1033:, an Iranian Shia cleric, said that forcing hijab on people was against Islam and would have a reverse result. 4427: 4332: 4241: 4220: 2247: 506:, showing that 49.8% of Iranians were against compulsory or mandatory hijab. The report was released by the 4562: 4537: 4327: 2542: 507: 226: 127: 4060:"45 European MPs Call on EU Foreign Policy Chief to Support Iranian Women's Anti-Compulsory-Hijab Protest" 595:
According to Nasrin Sotoudeh on 30 January 2018, the second woman who was arrested on 29 January 2018 was
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after they protested the compulsory hijab by walking the streets of the city without their hijab on.
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announced that women should observe Islamic dress code; His statement sparked demonstrations, the
4275: 2284: 2023:"Woman Arrested For Removing Hijab in Tehran Refuses to Repent Despite Facing 10 Years in Prison" 1038: 1030: 982: 484:, the hijab was not compulsory, though some Iranian women during this period wore headscarves or 2310: 4592: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4251: 2753:"سکوی دختران خیابان انقلاب تغییر شکل داد (Girls of Enghelab street platform has changed shape)" 2183: 2173: 2138: 1011: 1329:"Pro-government demonstrators take to the streets to show their rejection of Iranian protests" 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4342: 4312: 4307: 3773: 2222: 2215: 1193: 1084: 1019: 978:
said on 31 January 2018 that the protests resulted from the unnecessary restriction of women.
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street; eyewitnesses said that the police attacked her from behind and took her in custody.
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Shaparak Shajarizadeh was beaten up in custody. She was released later temporary on bail.
8: 4208: 3657: 3627: 3314: 3199: 2094: 2083: 1725: 1301:"Iranian Communists slam Ayatollah Khamenei's claim that protests are orchestrated by US" 1278: 1269: 641: 189: 2538:"Iran: 29 women arrested over anti-hijab protests inspired by 'girl of Enghelab Street'" 2281:"Half of Iranians say 'no' to compulsory veils, a pillar of the 1979 Islamic Revolution" 1448:[The protester's daughter was arrested on "Hijab Forced" in Revolution Square]. 924:. Many people from all over the world reacted to Amini's death, and sparked a series of 361: 90: 4193: 3800: 3484: 3103: 2252: 1946: 1134: 1123: 1119: 1116:
that her opinion was that the protests were causing a stir but were not a movement yet.
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an Iranian-born American based in Washington stated in a February 2018 interview with
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On 28 January 2018, according to Nasrin Sotoudeh, the lawyer investigating the case,
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in Iran, part of the wider Iranian Democracy Movement. The protests were inspired by
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Narges Hosseini and Azam Jangravi were released from the custody temporary on bail.
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In September 2020, Maryam Shariatmadari, a 32-year-old computer science student at
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female musician was humiliatingly veiled in the middle of her concert performance.
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After the 1979 Islamic revolution, the hijab gradually became compulsory. In 1979,
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who escaped to Turkey after two days detention in Iran in 2018, was arrested in
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In 2018, a government-run survey dating back to 2014, was released by President
4522: 3918: 2809:"Iranian Woman Who Protested Hijab Rule Gets Two-Year Sentence, Leaves Country" 1654: 1091: 1063: 993: 856: 522: 503: 394: 381: 317: 3628:"کشف حجاب از جرائم مشهود است/ تشویق مردم به نداشتن حجاب یک تا ۱۰ سال حبس دارد" 3331: 2392:"The Observer view on the backlash in Iran following the death of Mahsa Amini" 1222:"His father was toppled in Iran's 1979 revolution. His take on hijab protests" 4406: 4282: 4123: 3569:"نسرین ستوده به یورونیوز: وثیقه نرگس حسینی آماده است/ اعظم جنگروی بازداشت شد" 3323: 3134: 2510: 1884: 811:
On 29 October 2018, an Iranian woman stood on the dome of Enghelab square in
659: 322: 1616:""Girls of Revolution St" Protest Ignites Debate on Iran's Compulsory Hijab" 3979: 2951:"Women in Iran Are Dancing to Protest the Arrest of a Teenage Instagrammer" 2396: 2380:(Report). The Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in IRAN (GAMAAN). 1761: 1384: 1252:"Farah Pahlavi: '1st time we have seen a movement on such a scale in Iran'" 968: 860: 567: 466: 446: 365: 312: 3257:"Iranian civil rights activist gets prison for taking off hijab in public" 2701:"HRW Urges Iran To Drop Charges Against Women Protesting Compulsory Hijab" 1852:"Another Woman Arrested in Iran For Protesting Against Compulsory Veiling" 431: 3948: 3743: 3195:"Iranian students protest mandatory headscarf rule - the Washington Post" 2865:"Turkey slated to deport Iranian anti-Hijab activist who faces execution" 2210: 1415:"IRGC Calls for Footballer Ali Karimi's Arrest Over Support for Protests" 1163: 1071: 917: 3915:"US criticises Iran against apprehension of compulsory hijab protesters" 3770:"Young human rights activists arrested in coordinated raids across Iran" 2442:"Chinese Musician 'Humiliated' in Iran as Hijab Imposed Mid-performance" 1355:"Thousands gather for pro-government rallies in Iran amid mass protests" 1026: 3945:"Washington supports Iranian women protesting against compulsory hijab" 3769: 3283:"Iranian Protest Over the "Government Murder" of Mahsa Amini Continues" 2221:. Oneonta, New York: Islamic Publications International (IPI). p.  1722:"The 'Girls of Revolution Street' Protest Iran's Compulsory Hijab Laws" 1483: 701: 462: 301: 3227:"Vigilantes Attack Tehran University Students Protesting Strict Hijab" 3043: 2838: 2752: 2726: 2665: 1880: 3282: 2779:"Iranian woman gets 20-year punishment for publicly taking off hijab" 2415: 2248:"Compulsory Veils? Half of Iranians Say 'No' to Pillar of Revolution" 2050:
Book #5 of the Islamic Penal Code (Sanctions and deterrent penalties)
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Book #5 of the Islamic Penal Code (Sanctions and deterrent penalties)
1517: 1385:"Iranian Football Star Calls On Army To Side With People in Protests" 1358: 778: 3859:"U.S. Condemns Iran's Arrest of Protesters Against Compulsory Hijab" 3684:"Iran Urged To Free Woman Who Took Stand Against Compulsory Veiling" 3507: 4129: 3572: 1586: 843: 3740:"Rights Defender Calls on Iran to 'Immediately Release' Activists" 1197: 611: 402: 3508:"29 women held as protests against dress code intensify in Iran" 1793:"Uncovered 'Girl From Revolution Street' Picks Up Steam in Iran" 3310:"Death of 16-year-old protester adds new fuel to Iran uprising" 3074:"Iranians attack morality police van to save women from arrest" 2570:"Iranian Police Arrest 29 Women Protesting Against Veiling Law" 812: 615: 485: 385: 4007:"#NoHijabDay: Women burn their hijabs, sparking online debate" 3658:"روزنامه‌های تهران: به معترضان حجاب، اتهام فساد و فحشا نبندیم" 2372: 1943:"مرضیه برومند: این خانم "وِزوِزی" از جان زنان ما چه می‌خواهد؟" 1137:
to support the Iranian Women's Anti-Compulsory-Hijab Protests.
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was killed in custody of the Guidance Patrol in Tehran due to
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Veils and Words: The Emerging Voices of Iranian Women Writers
252: 2883:"یکی دیگر از "دختران خیابان انقلاب" ضرب‌وشتم و "بازداشت شد"" 2918:"Woman arrested in Iran for Instagram video of her dancing" 1881:"مرضیه برومند در واکنش به اعتراض‌ها: با حجاب اجباری مخالفم" 718: 207: 76: 3454:"Protests against compulsory hijab trigger debate in Iran" 3424:"Iran cracks down on women protesting against headscarves" 3372:"Iran arrests 29 women for not wearing hijab in protests" 2507:"Iran arrests 29 women for not wearing hijab in protests" 2375:
IRANIANS' ATTITUDES TOWARD RELIGION: A 2020 SURVEY REPORT
1549:"Iran lawyer raises concern over missing hijab protester" 3480:"Iran arrests 29 women as headscarf protests intensify-" 3014:"دختر معترض به "حجاب اجباری" در میدان انقلاب بازداشت شد" 2017: 2015: 2013: 2011: 2009: 1610: 1608: 1446:"دختر معترض به "حجاب اجباری" در میدان انقلاب بازداشت شد" 916:
On 16 September 2022, a 22-year-old Iranian woman named
2316:(in Persian). Center for Strategic Studies. July 2014. 3907: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2603:"Tehran hijab protest: Iranian police arrest 29 women" 2217:
Roots of the Islamic Revolution in Iran: Four Lectures
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on 28 February 2018 called on EU Foreign Policy Chief
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account without her headscarf. She was among several
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on charges including openly committing a sinful act.
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The Safety pin of the girls of the Revolution street
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For the protests after the death of Mahsa Amini, see
4078: 3861:. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 3 February 2018. 3165:"Activists Appear Unveiled in Tehran on Women's Day" 2666:"یک دختر خیابان انقلاب دیگر: از اصلاحات خسته شده‌ام" 2593: 2591: 2572:. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 2 February 2018. 2041: 2025:. Center for Human Rights in Iran. 6 February 2018. 1977: 1751: 1749: 1747: 136:
following the death of Mahsa Amini in September 2022
3732: 2684: 2535: 1937: 1935: 1841: 1757:"Second woman arrested in Tehran for hijab protest" 1674: 1473: 1471: 1268: 931:On 20 September 2022, 16-year-old Iranian teenager 480:Before the Iranian Revolution, during the reign of 18:
2017–2019 Iranian protests against compulsory hijab
4365:Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 protests 3819: 3539:"In Iran, Environmentalists Are Now Seen as Spies" 2831: 2745: 2719: 2658: 2501: 2499: 2464: 2272: 2214: 1870: 1819:"In Tehran, New Hijab Protester Led Off By Police" 1790: 1710: 1643: 1641: 1536: 1062:In a speech at the University of Isfahan in 2018, 3561: 2588: 1744: 1719: 1507: 1505: 1480:"Women's campaigns flourish beyond Iran protests" 1174:1979 International Women's Day protests in Tehran 1122:, former director of the Middle East division of 497:1979 International Women's Day protests in Tehran 4404: 4090:"Letter to HR/VP on anti-hijab protests in Iran" 4084: 3937: 3801:"Protests and Arrests in Iran, February 2, 2018" 3762: 3536: 3446: 3416: 3135:""بازداشت دو زن معترض" به حجاب اجباری در کنگاور" 2875: 2373:Ammar Maleki; Pooyan Tamimi Arab (August 2020). 2278: 2245: 1932: 1914:"مرضیه برومند: من با حجاب اجبارى مخالفم اما ..." 1908: 1906: 1576: 1574: 1511: 1468: 425: 3798: 3596: 3594: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2841:(in Persian). Radio Zamaneh. 22 February 2018. 2755:(in Persian). Radio Zamaneh. 22 February 2018. 2729:(in Persian). Radio Zamaneh. 21 February 2018. 2668:(in Persian). Radio Zamaneh. 15 February 2018. 2529: 2496: 2404: 2065:Religion and the politics of peace and conflict 1638: 438:judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran 4031: 4004: 3998: 3967: 3877: 3620: 3397:Nast, Condé; Wright, Robin (8 February 2018). 2640:"Iran: Stop Prosecuting Women Over Dress Code" 2335: 1786: 1784: 1502: 800:Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch 380:), who stood in the crowd on a utility box on 4145: 3706: 3660:(in Persian). BBC Persian. 24 February 2018. 3530: 3307: 2889:(in Persian). Radio Farda. 25 February 2018. 2239: 1903: 1647: 1571: 544: 67:(6 years, 9 months and 6 days) 3604:(in Persian). Jamaran.ir. 23 February 2018. 3591: 2905: 2634: 2632: 2630: 2628: 1683: 1580: 1274:"Tudeh Party condemns murder of Mahsa Amini" 842:On 7 March 2019, two women were arrested in 583:in Tehran on 29 January, including one near 4034:"The high stakes of hijab protests in Iran" 4025: 3973: 3851: 3792: 3676: 2562: 2472:"Iran headscarf protester arrested: Lawyer" 1781: 1104:The director of the Middle East Program at 752:Eyewitnesses said that another women named 401:, a protest movement that the presenter at 4152: 4138: 3716:. Amnesty International. 2 February 2018. 3500: 3399:"Hijab Protests Expose Iran's Core Divide" 3396: 3044:"محکومیت دختر خیابان انقلاب به یک سال حبس" 2205: 2203: 2121: 2115: 1650:"Hijab Protests Expose Iran's Core Divide" 1169:Iranian schoolgirls mass poisoning reports 4413:Iranian protests against compulsory hijab 4303:Iranian protests against compulsory hijab 3650: 2625: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2158: 2077: 2071: 57:27 December 2017 – present 42:Iranian protests against compulsory hijab 2642:. Human Rights Watch. 24 February 2018. 2303: 2000:"The Islamic Penal Code of Iran, Book 5" 1377: 1025: 706: 2536:Gerretsen, Isabelle (1 February 2018). 2200: 1053: 863:car handing out flowers to passengers. 648: 14: 4405: 4318:2018–2019 general strikes and protests 3347:"Why Iranian women are burning hijabs" 3263:from the original on 13 September 2019 2948: 2168: 2155: 1791:Esfandiari, Golnaz (30 January 2018). 1478:D'Ignoti, Stefania (18 January 2018). 1425:from the original on 25 September 2022 1395:from the original on 25 September 2022 1365:from the original on 23 September 2022 1335:from the original on 23 September 2022 49:Part of the Iranian Democracy Movement 4133: 4066:from the original on 28 February 2018 4040:from the original on 18 February 2018 3803:. United States Department of State. 3780:from the original on 16 February 2018 3750:from the original on 16 February 2018 3720:from the original on 16 February 2018 3638:from the original on 26 February 2018 3608:from the original on 26 February 2018 3579:from the original on 18 February 2018 3549:from the original on 27 February 2018 3537:Erdbrink, Thomas (12 February 2018). 3434:from the original on 27 February 2018 3114:from the original on 28 February 2019 3084:from the original on 28 February 2019 2893:from the original on 26 February 2018 2733:from the original on 29 December 2018 2707:from the original on 25 February 2018 2646:from the original on 25 February 2018 2422:from the original on 27 February 2018 2209: 2085:Veil: Modesty, Privacy and Resistance 2029:from the original on 16 February 2018 1953:from the original on 18 February 2018 1920:from the original on 17 February 2018 1858:from the original on 16 February 2018 1720:Alimardani, Mahsa (30 January 2018). 1010:, an Iranian midwife and a member of 4370:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests 4360:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests 4159: 4013:from the original on 5 February 2018 3986:from the original on 6 February 2018 3955:from the original on 3 February 2018 3925:from the original on 4 February 2018 3895:from the original on 4 February 2018 3865:from the original on 3 February 2018 3839:from the original on 3 February 2018 3807:from the original on 2 February 2018 3694:from the original on 26 January 2018 3518:from the original on 3 February 2018 3460:from the original on 5 February 2018 3344: 3048:خبرگزاری جمهوری اسلامی ایران (ایرنا) 3011: 2845:from the original on 23 January 2019 2727:"بازداشت یک دختر دیگر خیابان انقلاب" 2613:from the original on 2 February 2018 2576:from the original on 2 February 2018 2550:from the original on 2 February 2018 2517:from the original on 3 February 2018 2484:from the original on 30 January 2018 2354:from the original on 2 February 2018 2323:from the original on 5 February 2018 2291:from the original on 6 February 2018 2279:Erdbrink, Thomas (4 February 2018). 2260:from the original on 5 February 2018 2246:Erdbrink, Thomas (4 February 2018). 1799:from the original on 30 January 2018 1769:from the original on 29 January 2018 1732:from the original on 30 January 2018 1698:from the original on 29 January 2018 1593:from the original on 27 January 2018 1559:from the original on 26 January 2018 1524:from the original on 28 January 2018 1512:Alfatlawi, Rosie (20 January 2018). 1490:from the original on 27 January 2018 1456:from the original on 3 February 2019 1443: 999:Iranian senior actress and director 974:A member of the Iranian parliament, 908:Timeline of the Mahsa Amini protests 4583:Islam-related controversies in Asia 4257:2009 presidential election protests 4032:Britzky, Haley (17 February 2018). 3799:Nauert, Heather (2 February 2018). 1891:from the original on 6 October 2018 1795:. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 1232:from the original on 5 October 2022 940: 761: 738: 697: 604: 545: 377: 357: 24: 4005:Khalaf, Rayana (6 February 2018). 3054:from the original on 14 April 2019 3024:from the original on 13 April 2019 2993:from the original on 13 April 2019 2341: 1829:from the original on 10 April 2019 1131:Members of the European Parliament 967:The deputy speaker of parliament, 25: 4604: 4112: 4096:from the original on 3 March 2018 3664:from the original on 1 March 2018 3345:Gans, Jared (24 September 2022). 3175:from the original on 1 April 2019 3145:from the original on 8 March 2019 2963:from the original on 12 July 2018 2819:from the original on 10 July 2018 2789:from the original on 10 July 2018 2759:from the original on 18 July 2018 2703:. Radio Farda. 24 February 2018. 2672:from the original on 20 July 2018 2062: 1854:. Radio Farda. 16 February 2018. 1662:from the original on 5 March 2018 1648:Wright, Robin (7 February 2018). 1626:from the original on 6 March 2018 1096:United States Department of State 901: 570:was released; temporary on bail. 4288:2015 Fitilieh programme protests 3308:Miriam Berger (6 October 2022). 3237:from the original on 16 May 2019 3132: 2930:from the original on 9 July 2018 2452:from the original on 3 June 2019 1684:Lusher, Adam (29 January 2018). 1581:Norman, Greg (23 January 2018). 1078: 884:On 13 May 2019, students at the 823: 818: 798:On 27 October 2018, students in 668:Executives of Construction Party 621: 533: 368:, an Iranian woman known as the 268: 246: 234: 215: 200: 183: 171: 155: 4588:Women's rights movement in Iran 4119:Iranians Stand Up Against Hijab 3974:Dunphy, Liz (6 February 2018). 3688:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 3456:. Al Monitor. 31 January 2018. 3390: 3364: 3338: 3301: 3275: 3249: 3219: 3187: 3157: 3126: 3096: 3066: 3036: 3012:فردا, رادیو (29 October 2018). 3005: 2975: 2949:Barron, Laignee (9 July 2018). 2942: 2857: 2813:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 2801: 2771: 2543:International Business Times UK 2434: 2384: 2366: 2056: 1992: 1965: 1811: 1620:Center for Human Rights in Iran 1444:فردا, رادیو (29 October 2018). 1186: 788: 686:Another female protester named 556: 388:on 27 December 2017 during the 1916:Asr-e-Iran. 15 February 2018. 1437: 1407: 1347: 1321: 1293: 1262: 1244: 1214: 892: 747: 724: 681: 673: 653: 538: 13: 1: 2311:"گزارش اولین نشست تخصصی حجاب" 1207: 832: 806: 793: 634: 626: 590: 573: 561: 475: 426:Islamic Republic's Penal Code 4518:December 2017 events in Iran 1200:to be deported back to Iran. 987:Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i 949: 767: 508:Center for Strategic Studies 47:"Girls of Enghelab" protests 7: 4553:Human rights abuses in Iran 4543:Iranian democracy activists 4293:2016 Cyrus the Great Revolt 4173:Tobacco Protest (1890–1892) 2133:. Cambridge, UK; New York: 1141: 954: 874: 866: 528: 451:Legal Information Institute 406:Masih Alinejad's call. The 360:) are protests against the 91:mandatory hijab law in Iran 10: 4609: 4423:2021–2022 Iranian protests 4418:2017–2018 Iranian protests 2135:Cambridge University Press 1228:. AFP. 28 September 2022. 1051: 960:Iranian chief prosecutor, 905: 849: 837: 646: 440:imposed shortly after the 429: 390:2017–2018 Iranian protests 350:Girls of Enghelab protests 274:Iranian counter-protesters 128:Iranian democracy movement 29: 27:Series of protests in Iran 4578:Sexism in the Middle East 4573:Sex segregation and Islam 4234: 4181: 4165: 2180:Syracuse University Press 1054:§ Islamic Penal Code 912:Killing of Nika Shakarami 879: 772: 649:§ Islamic Penal Code 546:#دختر_خیابان_انقلاب_کجاست 417: 338: 333: 290: 285: 147: 142: 120: 99: 83: 71: 65:(as Mahsa Amini protests) 53: 46: 41: 4338:2018 university protests 3428:The National (Abu Dhabi) 2129:A History of Modern Iran 2067:. Pickwick Publications. 1553:The Daily Star (Lebanon) 1179: 1160:, Iran's morality police 1068:Girls of Enghelab Street 962:Mohammad Jafar Montazeri 664:Iranian women Reformists 4276:2011 Khuzestan protests 3078:The France 24 Observers 2285:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 2101:, 13–16, 130, 174–176. 1070:movement an example of 1039:Seyyed Mehdi Tabatabaei 1031:Seyyed Mehdi Tabatabaei 783:popular Instagram users 384:(Revolution Street) in 370:Girl of Enghelab Street 4558:Persecution by Muslims 4533:Clothing controversies 4092:. marietjeschaake.eu. 2178:. Syracuse, New York: 1034: 1012:City Council of Tehran 713: 403:VOA Persian Television 4528:Civil rights protests 4333:2018 protest movement 4308:2018 Dervish protests 4242:2003 student protests 4226:1999 student protests 2599:Dehghan, Saeed Kamali 1972:"IRAN HIJAB DRAWING," 1421:. 23 September 2022. 1391:. 22 September 2022. 1272:(27 September 2022). 1194:Amir Kabir University 1094:, spokeswoman of the 1085:Amnesty International 1052:Further information: 1029: 1020:Abdollah Ramezanzadeh 906:Further information: 710: 689:Shaparak Shajarizadeh 647:Further information: 482:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 432:Theocracy § Iran 430:Further information: 112:Nonviolent resistance 93:, enforced since 1979 4428:Mahsa Amini protests 4392:Mahsa Amini protests 4328:August 2018 uprising 4262:2009 Ashura protests 4204:1978 Tabriz protests 4088:(20 February 2018). 3889:United News of India 3634:. 23 February 2018. 3575:. 16 February 2018. 3110:. 16 February 2019. 3080:. 19 February 2019. 2400:. 25 September 2022. 2089:. Oxford; New York: 1949:. 14 February 2018. 1887:. 15 February 2018. 1258:. 28 September 2022. 1153:Mahsa Amini protests 1148:Death of Mahsa Amini 1022:on 22 February 2018. 976:Soheila Jolodarzadeh 928:across the country. 886:University of Tehran 731:Maryam Shariatmadari 729:Another woman named 412:death of Mahsa Amini 408:protests intensified 134:Mahsa Amini protests 32:Mahsa Amini protests 4563:Persecution in Iran 4538:Dress codes (legal) 4380:2021 water protests 4323:2018 water protests 4209:Black Friday (1978) 4189:1963 demonstrations 3951:. 3 February 2018. 3921:. 3 February 2018. 3891:. 3 February 2018. 3835:. 2 February 2018. 3776:. 4 February 2018. 3746:. 4 February 2018. 3690:. 25 January 2018. 3514:. 3 February 2018. 3430:. 2 February 2018. 3318:. Washington, D.C. 3315:The Washington Post 3289:. 24 September 2022 3200:The Washington Post 2871:. 8 September 2020. 2601:(2 February 2018). 2513:. 2 February 2018. 2480:. 30 January 2018. 2418:. 8 February 2018. 2095:Bloomsbury Academic 1765:. 29 January 2018. 1726:Global Voices (NGO) 1622:. 31 January 2018. 1555:. 22 January 2018. 1279:Communist Party USA 1270:Tudeh Party of Iran 926:anti-hijab protests 410:in 2022 due to the 190:Tudeh Party of Iran 161:Iranian protesters 4385:2022 food protests 4375:2021–2022 protests 4348:2019–2020 protests 4298:2017–2018 protests 4283:2015 Mahabad riots 4271:2011–2012 protests 4216:Women Day protests 4194:Iranian Revolution 3543:The New York Times 3485:The Times of India 3259:. 29 August 2019. 2869:The Jerusalem Post 2253:The New York Times 2123:Abrahamian, Ervand 1947:Tasnim News Agency 1389:Iran International 1135:Federica Mogherini 1124:Human Rights Watch 1120:Sarah Leah Whitson 1072:civil non-violence 1035: 714: 607:); her age is 32. 455:Cornell Law School 442:Iranian Revolution 378:دختر خیابان انقلاب 126:Continued rise of 107:Civil disobedience 4568:Islamic extremism 4400: 4399: 4353:Mahshahr massacre 4247:2005 Ahvaz unrest 3832:The Straits Times 3488:. 2 February 2018 3378:. 2 February 2018 3050:. 14 April 2019. 2477:The Straits Times 2232:978-1-889999-26-5 2193:978-0-8156-0266-8 2148:978-0-521-52891-7 2108:978-1-85973-924-2 1008:Nahid Khodakarami 1001:Marzieh Boroumand 581:Movahed's protest 493:Ruhollah Khomeini 346: 345: 281: 280: 16:(Redirected from 4600: 4433:Protests in Iran 4199:1978 Qom protest 4160:Protests in Iran 4154: 4147: 4140: 4131: 4130: 4106: 4105: 4103: 4101: 4086:Marietje Schaake 4082: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4056: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4029: 4023: 4022: 4020: 4018: 4002: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3902: 3900: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3855: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3796: 3790: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3766: 3760: 3759: 3757: 3755: 3736: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3725: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3680: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3669: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3643: 3632:Fars News Agency 3624: 3618: 3617: 3615: 3613: 3598: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3573:Euronews Persian 3565: 3559: 3558: 3556: 3554: 3534: 3528: 3527: 3525: 3523: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3476: 3470: 3469: 3467: 3465: 3450: 3444: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3420: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3394: 3388: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3368: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3305: 3299: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3279: 3273: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3223: 3217: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3203:. Archived from 3191: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3171:. 8 March 2019. 3161: 3155: 3154: 3152: 3150: 3130: 3124: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3100: 3094: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3070: 3064: 3063: 3061: 3059: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3009: 3003: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2946: 2940: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2914: 2903: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2879: 2873: 2872: 2861: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2815:. 10 July 2018. 2805: 2799: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2785:. 10 July 2018. 2775: 2769: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2723: 2717: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2697: 2682: 2681: 2679: 2677: 2662: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2636: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2595: 2586: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2533: 2527: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2503: 2494: 2493: 2491: 2489: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2438: 2432: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2388: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2322: 2315: 2307: 2301: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2220: 2207: 2198: 2197: 2170:Milani, Farzaneh 2166: 2153: 2152: 2132: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2088: 2079:El Guindi, Fadwa 2075: 2069: 2068: 2060: 2054: 2053: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2019: 2004: 2003: 1996: 1990: 1989: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1963: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1939: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1910: 1901: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1877: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1848: 1839: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1815: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1788: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1753: 1742: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1717: 1708: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1681: 1672: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1645: 1636: 1635: 1633: 1631: 1612: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1598: 1578: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1564: 1545: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1529: 1509: 1500: 1499: 1497: 1495: 1475: 1466: 1465: 1463: 1461: 1441: 1435: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1411: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1400: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1372: 1370: 1351: 1345: 1344: 1342: 1340: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1309:. 3 October 2022 1297: 1291: 1290: 1288: 1286: 1266: 1260: 1259: 1248: 1242: 1241: 1239: 1237: 1218: 1201: 1190: 1110:Haleh Esfandiari 942: 922:police brutality 763: 740: 699: 606: 548: 547: 399:White Wednesdays 379: 362:compulsory hijab 359: 273: 272: 271: 251: 250: 249: 239: 238: 237: 220: 219: 218: 205: 204: 203: 188: 187: 186: 178:House of Pahlavi 176: 175: 174: 160: 159: 158: 149: 148: 132:Escalation into 64: 63: – present) 62: 39: 38: 21: 4608: 4607: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4599: 4598: 4597: 4548:Islam and women 4403: 4402: 4401: 4396: 4230: 4177: 4161: 4158: 4115: 4110: 4109: 4099: 4097: 4083: 4079: 4069: 4067: 4058: 4057: 4053: 4043: 4041: 4030: 4026: 4016: 4014: 4003: 3999: 3989: 3987: 3972: 3968: 3958: 3956: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3928: 3926: 3913: 3912: 3908: 3898: 3896: 3883: 3882: 3878: 3868: 3866: 3857: 3856: 3852: 3842: 3840: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3797: 3793: 3783: 3781: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3753: 3751: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3697: 3695: 3682: 3681: 3677: 3667: 3665: 3656: 3655: 3651: 3641: 3639: 3626: 3625: 3621: 3611: 3609: 3600: 3599: 3592: 3582: 3580: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3552: 3550: 3535: 3531: 3521: 3519: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3491: 3489: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3463: 3461: 3452: 3451: 3447: 3437: 3435: 3422: 3421: 3417: 3407: 3405: 3395: 3391: 3381: 3379: 3370: 3369: 3365: 3355: 3353: 3343: 3339: 3306: 3302: 3292: 3290: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3266: 3264: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3240: 3238: 3233:. 13 May 2019. 3225: 3224: 3220: 3210: 3208: 3193: 3192: 3188: 3178: 3176: 3163: 3162: 3158: 3148: 3146: 3131: 3127: 3117: 3115: 3102: 3101: 3097: 3087: 3085: 3072: 3071: 3067: 3057: 3055: 3042: 3041: 3037: 3027: 3025: 3010: 3006: 2996: 2994: 2981: 2980: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2947: 2943: 2933: 2931: 2926:. 8 July 2018. 2923:TheGuardian.com 2916: 2915: 2906: 2896: 2894: 2881: 2880: 2876: 2863: 2862: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2822: 2820: 2807: 2806: 2802: 2792: 2790: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2762: 2760: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2736: 2734: 2725: 2724: 2720: 2710: 2708: 2699: 2698: 2685: 2675: 2673: 2664: 2663: 2659: 2649: 2647: 2638: 2637: 2626: 2616: 2614: 2596: 2589: 2579: 2577: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2553: 2551: 2534: 2530: 2520: 2518: 2505: 2504: 2497: 2487: 2485: 2470: 2469: 2465: 2455: 2453: 2440: 2439: 2435: 2425: 2423: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2390: 2389: 2385: 2377: 2371: 2367: 2357: 2355: 2340: 2336: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2304: 2294: 2292: 2277: 2273: 2263: 2261: 2244: 2240: 2233: 2208: 2201: 2194: 2167: 2156: 2149: 2120: 2116: 2109: 2091:Berg Publishers 2076: 2072: 2061: 2057: 2047: 2046: 2042: 2032: 2030: 2021: 2020: 2007: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1983: 1982: 1978: 1970: 1966: 1956: 1954: 1941: 1940: 1933: 1923: 1921: 1912: 1911: 1904: 1894: 1892: 1879: 1878: 1871: 1861: 1859: 1850: 1849: 1842: 1832: 1830: 1817: 1816: 1812: 1802: 1800: 1789: 1782: 1772: 1770: 1755: 1754: 1745: 1735: 1733: 1718: 1711: 1701: 1699: 1691:The Independent 1682: 1675: 1665: 1663: 1646: 1639: 1629: 1627: 1614: 1613: 1606: 1596: 1594: 1579: 1572: 1562: 1560: 1547: 1546: 1537: 1527: 1525: 1510: 1503: 1493: 1491: 1476: 1469: 1459: 1457: 1452:. Radio Farda. 1442: 1438: 1428: 1426: 1413: 1412: 1408: 1398: 1396: 1383: 1382: 1378: 1368: 1366: 1353: 1352: 1348: 1338: 1336: 1327: 1326: 1322: 1312: 1310: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1284: 1282: 1267: 1263: 1250: 1249: 1245: 1235: 1233: 1226:Hindustan Times 1220: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1204: 1191: 1187: 1182: 1158:Guidance Patrol 1144: 1081: 1056: 957: 952: 914: 904: 895: 882: 877: 869: 852: 840: 835: 826: 821: 809: 796: 791: 775: 770: 750: 739:مریم شریعتمداری 727: 698:شاپرک شجری زاده 684: 676: 656: 651: 637: 629: 624: 597:Narges Hosseini 593: 585:Ferdowsi Square 576: 564: 559: 551:Nasrin Sotoudeh 541: 536: 531: 478: 434: 428: 420: 382:Enghelab Street 329: 328: 327: 307: 306: 277: 269: 267: 263:Morality police 247: 245: 235: 233: 216: 214: 201: 199: 194: 184: 182: 172: 170: 156: 154: 116: 79: 66: 60: 58: 48: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4606: 4596: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 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Index

2017–2019 Iranian protests against compulsory hijab
Mahsa Amini protests
Iran
mandatory hijab law in Iran
Civil disobedience
Nonviolent resistance
Iranian democracy movement
Mahsa Amini protests
House of Pahlavi
Tudeh Party of Iran
Iran
FARAJA
YEGUP
IRGC
Basij
Plainclothes
Morality police
Reza Pahlavi
Ali Karimi
Ali Khamenei
Hassan Rouhani
Ebrahim Raisi
Persian
compulsory hijab
Vida Movahed
Persian
Enghelab Street
Tehran
2017–2018 Iranian protests
Masih Alinejad

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