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12th was replaced by the 19th
Australian Light Horse, which was based in regional Victoria. By 1912, however, the brigade had ceased to exist and the consistent regiments reorganised and dispersed to other formations. The 10th Australian Light Horse became the 13th Light Horse Regiment and was assigned to the 5th Light Horse Brigade, the 19th was reorganised into the 17th Light Horse Regiment and assigned to the 7th Light Horse Brigade, while the 11th Australian Light Horse was split to become the 20th and 29th Light Horse Regiments. The 20th was also assigned to the 7th Light Horse Brigade, while the 29th became the divisional cavalry regiment. At this time, plans were made to re-raise the 4th Light Horse Brigade with the 8th, 10th and 12th Light Horse Regiments, but this did not occur before the war broke out.
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the AIF regiments, and to replicate the AIF's organisational structure and designations. These formations had continued to exist alongside the AIF, albeit largely on paper only as they had been reduced significantly due to large-scale enlistment in the AIF, and a lack of funds and resources for training. By 1919, a 4th Light Horse
Brigade had been formed in the militia, consisting of the 1st, 7th and 24th Light Horse Regiments, which were based in
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387:
August, while the 13th arrived in mid-September. From this time, the three regiments were broken up and provided individual squadrons to the other light horse regiments from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Light Horse
Brigades that were holding the line, having been sent to Gallipoli in May. They subsequently undertook mainly defensive duties in the final stages of the campaign, prior to their withdrawal in late December 1915.
378:, the brigade embarked for the Middle East between May and June 1915. While en route to Egypt, they were diverted to provide some troops to support the British garrison in Aden, where an Ottoman attack was expected. Brief patrol operations were undertaken, but the attack did not develop and the brigade continued on to Egypt, arriving in July. In Egypt, the brigade undertook further training at
518:. The next day, elements of the 4th Light Horse Regiment carried out a patrol to Damascus, while the 12th also entered the town on 2 October. The brigade remained in Damascus for most of October, before joining the final stage of the campaign which saw the brigade begin the advance towards Homs on 27 October. The advance was short lived, as on 30 October the Ottomans surrendered, and the
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cavalry divisions, each of three brigades, utilising a mix of voluntary enlistment and compulsory service. At this time, the brigades were designated as cavalry brigades, rather than light horse brigades, and the 4th Light Horse
Brigade ceased to exist. Within the new structure, the 1st and 7th Light Horse Regiments became part of the
534:
Throughout late 1918 and early 1919, the process of demobilising the AIF took place, although this would not be complete until 1921. At this time, the militia formations that had remained in
Australia for home service were reorganised to realign them with the recruitment areas that had contributed to
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had seen the deployment of the first three light horse brigades to reinforce the infantry that had landed in April. In July, the decision was made to break up the 4th Light Horse
Brigade, and to deploy its regiments as dismounted reinforcements. The 11th and 12th Light Horse Regiments arrived in late
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in April 1917. The
Ottoman position was located about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) inland from the coast, around the edge of the dunes. It was strongly defended and despite efforts to reinforce the attack with tanks and gas, the direct attack proved costly and unsuccessful. The brigade's casualties in
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this battle amounted to 200 men killed or wounded. After this, British planners decided to attempt an indirect approach, focusing their efforts on
Beersheba, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Gaza. It was here that the 4th Light Horse Brigade fought its most notable action of the war during the
313:
The 4th Light Horse
Brigade was initially raised as part of the militia in the early 1900s, being formed around 1902. That formation had been raised in Victoria and Tasmania, and had consisted of the 10th, 11th and 12th Australian Light Horse Regiments. In 1910, the brigade was reorganised when the
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In
November 1918, the brigade was moved to Tripoli, in preparation for a later move to Egypt as part of the demobilisation process. Throughout early 1919, the brigade was occupied with recreational pursuits and educational classes, while the process of returning equipment and mounts began. In late
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did not allow conscripts to be deployed overseas. Nevertheless, many of the recruits were drawn from the various militia light horse formations created as a consequence of the Kitchener Report 1910 and the introduction of Universal Training, although they were assigned to freshly raised units that
467:
on 31 October 1917. During the initial part of the battle, the brigade had been dispersed and barely involved; however, later in the day two of the brigade's regiments – the 4th and 12th – were committed to a charge over open ground, which ultimately breached the Ottoman defences and secured the
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In the first couple of years after the war, plans were made to reorganise the home forces to meet the needs of peacetime while providing a strong base upon which to mobilise if necessary. By 1921, when the AIF was officially disbanded, plans were approved to reorganise the militia to raise two
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were separate to the light horse regiments raised as part of the militia. Initial enlistments outstripped expectations and as a result, a total of three light horse brigades as well as two divisional cavalry regiments were formed. One of the regiments assigned as divisional cavalry was the
498:. Defensive positions were occupied on the western bank of the Jordan River throughout June and July, before the brigade left the Jordan Valley in mid-August. Around this time, the troopers were issued swords and received cavalry training, in preparation for a renewed offensive aimed at
531:
March 1919, elements of the brigade were used to suppress the Egyptian revolt, undertaking patrols and carrying out internal security duties into May. Afterwards, the individual regiments embarked for Australia between June and July 1919, and after which they were disbanded.
514:– where the 11th Light Horse carried out a mounted charge with drawn swords before dismounting and clearing the town with rifles and bayonets. The 4th and 12th Light Horse were heavily engaged on 30 September, carrying out a
362:, which were raised in March and May 1915. The 11th was drawn from both Queensland and South Australia, while the 12th came predominately from New South Wales, and the 13th was from Victoria. The
483:, the brigade took part in the pursuit of the withdrawing Ottoman forces, before the 11th and 12th Light Horse Regiments repelled an Ottoman counterattack in mid-November. Following the
1471:. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. 1. London: HM Stationery Office.
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347:, raised in October 1914, which would eventually form part the 4th Light Horse Brigade, although it was not initially assigned to the brigade when it was formed in early 1915.
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until the end of the war. After the war, the AIF light horse regiments were demobilised and disbanded; however, the brigade briefly existed as a part-time militia formation in
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382:. Subsequent embarkations of reinforcements occurred as and when sufficient recruits were gathered and prepared for movement to a war theatre. Meanwhile, the fighting at
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brigade of three regiments to be used at the discretion of Britain. These regiments were raised from volunteers for overseas service, as the provisions of the
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1992:
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Photograph claimed to be of the charge of the 4th Light Horse Brigade at Beersheba, although it may be a re-enactment taken in February 1918.
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487:, the brigade wintered in Judea, and then moved to Belah, on the coast near Gaza, for rest and training over the course of several months.
1742:
350:
The AIF 4th Light Horse Brigade came into being in mid-1915, being raised in Australia. Upon establishment, the brigade consisted of the
1580:. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. Vol. VII (10th ed.). Sydney, New South Wales: Angus & Robertson.
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502:. In mid-September, the brigade took part in the advance towards Semakh and Tiberias and on 25 September the brigade took part in the
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272:. After the outbreak of World War I, the brigade was raised as a volunteer formation within the AIF in March 1915 and shipped to
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After returning to Egypt from the Gallipoli campaign the 4th, 11th and 12th Light Horse Regiments remained unbrigaded until the
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and was broken up in August 1915 to provide dismounted reinforcements to other light horse formations already deployed to
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479:; Ottoman fire proved heavy and the troopers were forced to dismount before the attack was turned back. After
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1433:. Australian Army Campaign Series # 7. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Army History Unit.
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559:, also based in New South Wales. The Victorian light horse regiments were organised into the
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Military Operations Egypt & Palestine from the outbreak of war with Germany to June 1917
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agreed to reform the 4th Light Horse Brigade in January 1917. The brigade would join the
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At the outbreak of the war August 1914 the Australian Government decided to raise the
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cavalrymen among them were dubbed the “Queensland Black Watch" by the Australians.
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1050:. University of New South Wales (Australian Defence Force Academy). Archived from
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town's water supply before the wells could be destroyed by the defending troops.
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Thunder of the Hooves: A History of 12 Australian Light Horse Regiment 1915–1919
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985:"Israel Honors WWI Australian Aborigine Fighters at Center Near Sea of Galilee"
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The following officers commanded the 4th Light Horse Brigade during the war:
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475:, and on 7 November, the 11th and 12th Light Horse Regiments took part in an
419:. The previously assigned 13th Light Horse Regiment had been deployed to the
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During World War I, the 4th Light Horse Brigade consisted of the following:
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583:, attached to the 4th Australian Light Horse Brigade, crouch between their
435:. The brigade's artillery support was provided by the British who assigned
415:(later known as the Australian Mounted Division), which formed part of the
2008:
1515:
544:
147:
334:(AIF) consisting of 20,000 troops comprising an infantry division and a
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until 1921 when its regiments were reorganised into cavalry brigades.
1527:. Loftus, New South Wales: Australian Military History Publications.
59:
54:
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The breakthrough at Beersheba paved the way for the opening of the
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came into effect, bringing an end to the fighting in the theatre.
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1491:(3rd ed.). Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press.
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The Australian Imperial Force in Sinai and Palestine, 1914–1918
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Members of the 12th Light Horse training at Holsworthy, 1915.
280:. Reformed in February 1917, the brigade was assigned to the
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133:
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1452:(1st ed.). Sydney, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
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in 1916, providing a squadron as divisional cavalry to the
458:. Its first major action of this campaign came during the
1414:. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press.
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In late April 1918, the brigade was deployed into the
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Second Transjordan attack on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt
1610:
Australian National Archives – Kitchener Report, 1910
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Military units and formations disestablished in 1921
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After being re-raised, the brigade took part in the
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260:. The brigade was initially formed as a part-time
2257:Military units and formations established in 1902
1678:Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force
1412:Light Horse: A History of Australia's Mounted Arm
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754:
2243:
627:4th Light Horse Machine Gun Squadron (1917–1919)
494:and between 29 April and 4 May took part in the
1549:. Sydney, New South Wales: Hachette Australia.
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642:4th Light Horse Training Regiment (1917–1918)
1510:. Blackburn, Victoria: W.D. Joynt & Co.
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35:Australian Light Horse monument at Beersheba
1743:Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division
633:4th Light Horse Field Ambulance (1917–1919)
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2017:
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925:. Australian War Memorial. Archived from
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650:XIX Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)
639:9th Mobile Veterinary Section (1917–1919)
636:4th Light Horse Brigade Train (1917–1919)
506:– a minor action that formed part of the
441:XIX Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)
1450:The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles
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630:4th Light Horse Signal Troop (1917–1919)
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1375:. Australian Light Horse Studies Centre
1353:. Australian Light Horse Studies Centre
1331:. Australian Light Horse Studies Centre
1093:. Australian Light Horse Studies Centre
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646:A Battery, Honourable Artillery Company
581:A Battery, Honourable Artillery Company
437:A Battery, Honourable Artillery Company
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676:(13 February 1917 – 13 September 1917)
288:, and in June 1917 transferred to the
252:was a mounted infantry brigade of the
2012:
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1653:Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
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1600:Australian Light Horse Studies Centre
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1329:"4th Australian Light Horse Regiment"
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1091:"4th Australian Light Horse Brigade"
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702:Military history of Australia portal
1989:Military history during World War I
1738:New Zealand and Australian Division
13:
1973:New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade
1605:4th Australian Light Horse Brigade
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1467:Falls, Cyril; MacMunn, G. (1930).
983:Aderet, Ofer (26 September 2019).
308:
14:
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958:First World War, 1914–1918 units
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888:First World War, 1914–1918 units
797:First World War, 1914–1918 units
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585:13 pounder quick fire field guns
264:formation in the early 1900s in
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16:Formation of the Australian Army
2208:II ANZAC Corps Mounted Regiment
1963:3rd New Zealand (Rifle) Brigade
1684:New Zealand Expeditionary Force
1489:A Military History of Australia
1448:Coulthard-Clark, Chris (1998).
1365:
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683:(13 September 1917 – June 1919)
669:(1 March 1915 – 24 August 1915)
1431:Australia's Palestine Campaign
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1:
1672:1st Australian Imperial Force
1044:"Australian Mounted Division"
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656:
374:Under the command of Colonel
526:Disbandment and perpetuation
473:Southern Palestine Offensive
456:Sinai and Palestine campaign
417:Egyptian Expeditionary Force
391:Sinai and Palestine campaign
294:Sinai and Palestine Campaign
286:Egyptian Expeditionary Force
158:Sinai and Palestine Campaign
7:
2231:Australian Mounted Division
1506:Hall, Richard John (1968).
960:. Australian War Memorial.
954:"13th Light Horse Regiment"
919:"12th Light Horse Regiment"
884:"11th Light Horse Regiment"
687:
290:Australian Mounted Division
284:, which formed part of the
119:Australian Mounted Division
10:
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1547:The Australian Light Horse
1508:The Australian Light Horse
793:"4th Light Horse Regiment"
360:13th Light Horse Regiments
303:
214:Capture of Damascus (1918)
185:Battle of Jerusalem (1917)
168:Battle of Beersheba (1917)
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890:. Australian War Memorial
799:. Australian War Memorial
622:13th Light Horse Regiment
616:12th Light Horse Regiment
610:11th Light Horse Regiment
413:Imperial Mounted Division
370:Aden, Egypt and Gallipoli
332:Australian Imperial Force
292:, where it served in the
282:Imperial Mounted Division
254:Australian Imperial Force
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114:Imperial Mounted Division
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2093:6th Light Horse Regiment
2088:5th Light Horse Regiment
2068:3rd Light Horse Regiment
2063:2nd Light Horse Regiment
2058:1st Light Horse Regiment
1523:Hollis, Kenneth (2008).
1073:Falls & MacMunn 1930
775:, pp. 99 & 141.
604:4th Light Horse Regiment
587:and a cactus hedge near
345:4th Light Horse Regiment
195:Battle of Megiddo (1918)
2194:Australian Corps troops
2169:5th Light Horse Brigade
2139:4th Light Horse Brigade
2109:3rd Light Horse Brigade
2079:2nd Light Horse Brigade
2049:1st Light Horse Brigade
725:5th Light Horse Brigade
720:3rd Light Horse Brigade
715:2nd Light Horse Brigade
710:1st Light Horse Brigade
667:Reginald Spencer Browne
401:3rd Light Horse Brigade
376:Reginald Spencer Browne
250:4th Light Horse Brigade
24:4th Light Horse Brigade
2252:Australian Light Horse
2226:ANZAC Mounted Division
2040:Australian Light Horse
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547:, in New South Wales.
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180:Battle of Mughar Ridge
674:John Baldwin Meredith
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460:Second Battle of Gaza
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325:
256:(AIF) serving in the
163:Second Battle of Gaza
1968:4th Infantry Brigade
1958:2nd Infantry Brigade
1953:1st Infantry Brigade
1805:New Zealand Division
1665:Expeditionary Forces
1615:17 June 2008 at the
1160:Coulthard-Clark 1998
1124:Coulthard-Clark 1998
565:5th Cavalry Brigades
485:capture of Jerusalem
409:6th Mounted Brigades
1429:Bou, Jean (2010b).
1410:Bou, Jean (2010a).
1270:, pp. 110–111.
1162:, pp. 134–135.
1075:, pp. 273–274.
1054:on 28 February 2015
557:2nd Cavalry Brigade
553:4th Cavalry Brigade
520:Armistice of Mudros
465:Battle of Beersheba
679:Brigadier General
672:Brigadier General
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500:capturing Damascus
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328:
153:Gallipoli Campaign
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2006:
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1981:
1980:
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1812:
1556:978-0-7336-2272-4
1534:978-0-9803796-5-5
1498:978-0-521-69791-0
1440:978-0-9808100-0-4
1421:978-0-52119-708-3
1318:, pp. 77–78.
1246:, pp. 89–94.
1222:, pp. 84–85.
1198:, pp. 65–69.
751:, pp. 61–71.
618:(1915, 1917–1919)
612:(1915, 1917–1919)
512:Battle of Megiddo
481:Gaza was captured
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232:Unit colour patch
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516:charge at Kaukab
508:Battle of Sharon
504:Battle of Samakh
477:attack on Sheria
403:and the British
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200:Battle of Sharon
173:Charge at Sheria
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1937:5th Light Horse
1932:4th Light Horse
1927:3rd Light Horse
1922:2nd Light Horse
1917:1st Light Horse
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1042:Mallett, Ross.
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1594:External links
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1404:Bibliography
1403:
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1389:
1377:. Retrieved
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1068:
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1052:the original
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1020:, p. 9.
1013:
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991:29 September
989:. Retrieved
978:
966:. Retrieved
957:
931:. Retrieved
927:the original
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887:
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835:, p. 1.
828:
801:. Retrieved
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110:Part of
18:
1998:New Zealand
1946:New Zealand
1798:New Zealand
1394:Hollis 2008
1244:Hollis 2008
1232:Hollis 2008
1220:Hollis 2008
1196:Hollis 2008
1184:Hollis 2008
1048:AIF Project
1030:Hollis 2008
1018:Hollis 2008
1006:Hollis 2008
968:19 December
862:Hollis 2008
833:Hollis 2008
652:(1917–1919)
606:(1917–1919)
579:Gunners of
571:Composition
545:Wagga Wagga
340:Defence Act
336:light horse
318:World War I
148:World War I
141:Engagements
2246:Categories
1686:(1st NZEF)
1208:Perry 2009
894:6 December
803:6 December
731:References
657:Commanders
537:Parramatta
397:War Office
364:Aboriginal
121:, 1917–19.
66:Allegiance
2218:Divisions
1993:Australia
1825:Australia
1752:Australia
1731:Divisions
1674:(1st AIF)
1586:220624545
1477:610273484
1316:Hall 1968
1304:Bou 2010a
1292:Hall 1968
1280:Hall 1968
1268:Bou 2010a
1256:Grey 2008
1172:Bou 2010b
1148:Bou 2010b
1136:Bou 2010b
1112:Bou 2010b
987:. Haaretz
850:Bou 2010a
821:Hall 1968
773:Bou 2010a
761:Grey 2008
749:Hall 1968
736:Citations
593:Palestine
384:Gallipoli
278:Gallipoli
126:Equipment
60:Australia
44:1902–1921
1818:Brigades
1613:Archived
1574:(1941).
1545:(2009).
1487:(2008).
1379:19 April
1357:19 April
1335:19 April
1097:19 April
962:Archived
688:See also
665:Colonel
541:Goulburn
270:Tasmania
266:Victoria
227:Insignia
1789:Mounted
1058:14 July
933:12 June
304:History
262:militia
136:in 1918
49:Country
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624:(1915)
116:, 1917
84:Branch
75:
41:Active
1700:Corps
1692:(SEF)
1657:ANZAC
1516:59504
589:Belah
439:from
274:Egypt
134:Sword
130:Horse
1912:17th
1907:16th
1902:15th
1897:14th
1892:13th
1887:12th
1882:11th
1877:10th
1582:OCLC
1551:ISBN
1529:ISBN
1512:OCLC
1493:ISBN
1473:OCLC
1454:ISBN
1435:ISBN
1416:ISBN
1381:2009
1359:2009
1337:2009
1099:2009
1060:2019
993:2019
970:2011
935:2010
896:2011
805:2011
563:and
543:and
431:and
407:and
358:and
356:12th
352:11th
268:and
248:The
102:Size
94:Type
1872:9th
1867:8th
1862:7th
1857:6th
1852:5th
1847:4th
1842:3rd
1837:2nd
1832:1st
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1779:5th
1774:4th
1769:3rd
1764:2nd
1759:1st
648:of
561:3rd
429:4th
425:2nd
405:5th
2248::
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780:^
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2018:v
1659:)
1655:(
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898:.
807:.
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