864:
634:
1329:
707:
557:
1182:
47:
505:). The company then had several days' intense work during the battle with the infantry brigades requiring communication to be maintained from their advanced HQs in the support trenches to their main HQs and to their supporting artillery. The company also established a visual signal link back to DHQ, which proved of great value when signal cables were continually cut by artillery fire. In the subsequent fighting of 12–13 July, the division's cable lines were utilised when those of the attacking divisions were cut.
1245:
71:
681:. The signal company was unable to function properly without its transport and equipment, and had to rely on its motorcycle despatch riders. Much signal cable that was laid was wasted by the frequent movements of HQs, and casualties were heavy among signallers repairing shelled cable, while the wireless station at Gomiécourt was knocked out by a series of direct hits. The brigade signal sections suffered many casualties in the heavy fighting. On the afternoon of 25 March DHQ moved to
88:
1265:. Although 42nd Division dropped the 'East Lancashire' subtitle when it became an armoured formation, the signals unit retained the subtitle. The division returned to Barnard Castle to re-train in its new role. However, it never went overseas, and in October 1943 the division was disbanded and its units dispersed. The personnel of 42nd Armoured Divisional Signals were drafted to other units, though the unit continued to exist in name only.
727:– the Germans in front of 42nd (EL) Division began to withdraw. The division reorganised for open warfare, forming self-contained brigade groups, which required communications to be established quickly with cable barrows, wireless and improvised methods, particularly when supplies of cable ran short. The division was then relieved for rest on 5 September and the signallers scoured the old battlefields to salvage usable cable.
786:
1325:, the Allied invasion of Normandy. By this stage of the war divisional signals comprised about 28 officers and 700 ORs, with one company providing communications for DHQ, a second supplying sections to the divisional artillery units, and the third to the infantry brigade HQs, the reconnaissance regiment, the machine gun battalion and the divisional engineers.
703:, which was attached to 42nd (EL) Division for training. The division returned to the front on 8 June. Now that the line had stabilised a complete system of Front, Support ('Red') and Reserve ('Purple') positions was prepared, with a switch line between the Red and Purple systems, connected by buried signal cables.
626:), and for 24 hours the only communications No 2 Section were able to maintain were by carrier pigeon. After only three weeks in the Salient the division was relieved, but casualties among the signallers at the Advanced Signal Office in the ramparts during this period amounted to 90 per cent, mainly from
653:
sector, where the signallers were engaged in burying signal cables to avoid shell damage. Although the sector was quieter, 125th Bde HQ was hit by a salvo of shells and the signal office wiped out. The division was withdrawn for rest and training on 15 February 1918. By 1 March the company's strength
983:
swept away the Home/Foreign service distinction all TF soldiers became liable for overseas service, if medically fit. The provisional brigades' role thus expanded to include physical conditioning to render men fit for drafting overseas. Late in 1916 the War Office decided to form them into new home
945:
By mid-1915 the decision was made not to supply drafts to the 1st Line 42nd (EL) Division from the 2nd Line 66th (EL) Division, but to form 3rd Line training units for the purpose. The 3rd Line Depot, East Lancs RE, was formed at Old
Trafford in August 1915. In September it moved to Southport, with
932:
On 9 November part of 66th
Division joined 'Bethell's Force' under the divisional commander, Maj-Gen Hugh Bethell, to continue the pursuit. This mobile force included all the divisional pioneers and RE with the signal company, and kept up pressure on the retreating Germans until the Armistice came
360:
On 31 August, the formation of a reserve or 2nd Line unit was authorised for each 1st Line unit where 60 per cent or more of the men had volunteered for
Overseas Service. The titles of these 2nd Line units would be the same as the original, but distinguished by a '2/' prefix. In this way duplicate
888:
sector. The defences were thin and in poor condition; the divisional RE were put to work on new defences to meet the expected German Spring
Offensive, with the signallers digging long lines of new cable trench. When the attack came on 21 March the forward RE sections fought with the outpost line
425:
defences were attacked the following year. Early in 1915 the signal establishment was increased to provide a section for the divisional artillery HQ, another cable detachment and additional motor cycle despatch riders, bringing the company strength up to 208. All the other ranks (ORs) in Nos 2–4
1173:
to the east, forcing the BEF to withdraw again, and by 19 May the whole force was back across the Escaut. The
Germans established bridgeheads across the Escaut at dawn on 20 May, but it was the deep penetration further east that forced the BEF to withdraw. Next day 42nd (EL) Division covering
524:
42nd (EL) Division was withdrawn from Mudros to Egypt on 16 January and returned to Cairo. The company moved up to
Shallufa on the canal by 2 February, where a large draft arrived from England to refill the ranks. The company worked on setting up cable and visual communications between desert
352:
in the schools next door to the drill hall and horses and carts were requisitioned according to standing instructions. On 10 August TF units were invited to volunteer for
Overseas Service, which was greeted with acclamation at Seymour Grove; virtually the whole of the East Lancashire Division
1612:
42nd (East
Lancashire) Division's formation badge on the Western Front during the First World War consisted of a diamond divided horizontally, white over red. During the Second World War, it was a red diamond with a white centre. From 1947 to 1967 it was the old red diamond outline bearing a
875:
on 9 October, but the RE were mostly engaged in roadmaking and communications. After the Ypres offensive came to a halt in late 1917, the divisional sappers were put to work building defences from the Menin Road to the
Zonnebeke Road and then on the Broodseinde Ridge, with all the associated
534:(3–5 August) the company struggled to get a horsed cable wagon up to the divisional report centre; after that camel transport was improvised in the pursuit to Katia Oasis. From then until the end of January 1917, 42nd (EL) Division protected the railhead as it slowly advanced across the
501:(DCM) awarded to the company when in charge of two cable-laying parties in Krithia Nullah. They were caught by two salvoes of Turkish artillery fire, suffering casualties to men, horses and equipment, but he reorganised them and completed the job in time for the next day's attack (the
493:). The company had to provide a large party to reinforce 29th Divisional Signal Co, which had suffered heavy casualties. On 25 May a rainstorm flooded 125th Bde HQ in Krithia Nullah, washing away the signals equipment, and the section suffered casualties while replacing it. On 3 June
1444:(the former 59th (Motor) Divisional Signals that had been replaced by 66th Divisional Signals in 1940). The same year the signal regiment dropped the 'East' from its Lancashire subtitle. For many years 3 Sqn was the only 'Mixed' part of the regiment to include members of the
810:
Training was also interrupted by the need to send reinforcement drafts to the 42nd (EL) Division at
Gallipoli (one exceptionally large one going to the signal company in March 1915), and it was not until August 1915 that the 2nd East Lancashire Division was concentrated at
730:
During the night of 21/22 September 42nd (EL) Division went back into the line, east of Havrincourt Wood, to prepare for an assault on the Hindenburg Line. The signal company put back into use the cable it had buried a year earlier. In two continuous days of fighting (the
529:
for training. Captain Dammers having been invalided, Capt C.H. Williamson of No 4 (Manchester Bde) Section took over as OC. The company returned to the canal defences in June, maintaining an elaborate communication network. When 42nd (EL) Division advanced after the
1081:(SR) unit to provide technical support to the Regular Army, was also formed at Burlington Street in 1924 and administered by 42nd (EL) Divisional Signals. By the late 1920s, 42nd (East Lancashire) Divisional Area also included 222nd Field Artillery Signal Section at
1089:. No 1 (East Lancashire) Corps Medium Artillery Signal Section (SR), No 1 (East Lancashire) Air Stores Park Signal Section (SR) and No 9 (East Lancashire) Air Squadron Signal Section (SR) were established by 1930 and administered by 42nd (EL) Divisional Signals.
698:
two years earlier. Visual, wireless, carrier pigeon, messenger dog and rocket signals were all used. The division was out of the line again from 6 May to 7 June, when tactical training was carried out, and the operators and linemen trained the signallers of the
747:), securing all its objectives and consolidating against counter-attacks. The signal company suffered serious casualties during the advance; inexperienced men were employed to operate the cable-laying carts, while more experienced men dealt with maintenance.
936:
66th Divisional RE remained in France on reconstruction work until demobilisation began in January 1919. This was completed on 13 June, and the division was disbanded. The unit had lost 22 officers and men killed or died of wounds or disease during the war.
1844:
A memorial plaque with the 41 names of the 42nd (EL) Signal Company who died on service during the First World War was unveiled at the Brooks Bar drill hall on 21 October 1934. It was moved to the Norman Road TA Centre in 1955 and is now in the foyer.
904:
After their great losses, the infantry units of 66th (2nd EL) Division were reduced to cadres on 9 April and were used to train American troops. DHQ and the brigade HQs remained in existence, with a constantly-changing roster of subordinate units.
1467:
On 1 April 1961 the regiment was reorganised, with 2 Sqn in Derbyshire transferring to 64 Signal Rgt and a squadron joining from 59th (Mixed) Signal Rgt. The regiment also took on administrative responsibility for three brigade signal sqns:
601:
in front of the Hindenburg Line, where the Signal Co laid deep buried cables to the brigade HQs. It also carried out its first work with trench wireless. The company was reorganised, with a sub-section allocated to each of the division's
859:
preparing to advance in support of the expected breakthrough at Ypres. This never happened, and the division moved up into the old French reserve line at Nieuport, requiring considerable improvement by the sappers and signallers.
889:
until they were driven back. That night and next day they prepared the 'Green Line' behind the crumbling front before the German attack was renewed on 22 March, at the end of which 66th (2nd EL) division withdrew through the
621:
itself. Constant shellfire meant frequent and dangerous work to repair cable breaks. On 6 September 125th Bde made an attack on the strongpoints of Iberian, Borry and Beck House farms (the division's only involvement in the
693:
The division was out of the line for rest and reorganisation from 7 to 16 April, after which it returned to Foncquevillers, where the signallers re-located and brought back into use cables that had been buried during the
689:
for 12 hours, but got all its stores away using motor transport. DHQ moved back again on 26 March, entailing more signal cable being run, with pairs of signallers stationed every half mile to check and repair the lines.
962:
Once the 3rd Line had been established, the unfit men and those remaining TF men who had only signed up for Home Service were separated to join brigades of coast defence units (termed Provisional units from June 1915).
370:
802:
including 2/1st East Lancashire Signal Company. Although the companies were soon up to full strength, there was little equipment to train on – the signallers were restricted to flag signals – and only a few old
1205:, defending the south side of the Dunkirk 'pocket'. The division completed its evacuation on 31 May. During the withdrawal 42nd (EL) Divisional Signals had lost three men killed, seven wounded, and one missing.
1395:
was facing a manpower shortage, and 59th (S) Division, as the junior formation, was broken up to reinforce other divisions from 31 August. 59th (Staffordshire) Divisional Signals was disbanded in October 1944.
793:
When the 42nd (EL) Division left Bolton for Egypt in September 1914 it left behind a number of officers and men who were unfit or were not liable for overseas service. In October they moved to Winstanley Park,
553:. It entrained for Kantara and marched to Moascar, where it concentrated, and then moved to Alexandria for embarkation at the end of the month. The company's strength at this time was 5 officers and 229 ORs.
512:
assumed command on 10 October. In December the decision was made to wind up the campaign. 42nd (EL) Division was relieved from 28 December, the signal sections leaving with their brigades for
3559:
History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 2b: The 2nd-Line Territorial Force Divisions (57th–69th), with the Home-Service Divisions (71st–73rd) and 74th and 75th Divisions,
1100:, 273 Army Tank Battalion Signal Section (TA) and 251 Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment Signal Section (TA) were being formed at Brooks Bar and also administered by 42nd (EL) Divisional Signals.
1453:
645:
on the Belgian coast, where the flooded country and persistent shelling meant heavy work for the signallers to repair telephone lines that were frequently broken, particularly across the
3401:
762:
on 11 November, by which time DHQ had reached Hautmont. During the Hundred Days campaign the signal company had kept up communications during an advance of over 100 miles (160 km).
827:
where the RE were accommodated in the Cavalry Barracks. It was not until February 1917 that embarkation orders were received. DHQ set off on 28 February and embarked at Southampton for
1273:
The new 66th Division also had a short life: it was disbanded on 22 June 1940 and its units dispersed. The divisional signals unit, however, was kept together and transferred to
17:
871:
66th (2nd EL) Division was relieved at Dunkirk by 42nd (EL) Division in September and was sent to the Ypres Salient. The infantry had a bad time in their first major battle at
516:. Company HQ and No 1 Section reached Mudros on 3 January 1916, leaving only a small detachment to work the communications until the final evacuation from Helles on 9 January.
361:
battalions, brigades and divisions were created, mirroring those TF formations being sent overseas. Later 3rd Line units were formed to supply drafts to the 1st and 2nd Lines.
3423:
426:
Sections were transferred from their infantry regiments to the RE. The divisional RE was withdrawn for training after Christmas, but returned to the canal defences when the
613:, where the signallers were instructed in all the new communication methods that had been introduced while they were in Egypt. Then in August the division was sent to the
843:
and took over a sector of old line in considerable disrepair, which the divisional RE and signallers began to put into order. On 20 March the division sidestepped to the
673:
opened on 21 March, 42nd (EL) Division was in GHQ Reserve, and was ordered forward on the night of 22/23 March. It rushed up without transport and took up positions near
1388:, and then held its bridgehead against serious counter-attacks. As the breakout from the Normandy beachhead accelerated, 59th (S) Division was squeezed out of the line.
323:
E.C. Holden. The Signal Company did not train with the rest of the division in 1912, having been specially selected to take part in that year's Autumn Manoeuvres of the
3794:
917:), taking all its objectives by the end of the day, and continued the attack the next day against light opposition. From 10 to 12 October it pursued the enemy to the
1404:
When the TA was reconstituted in 1947, the prewar 42nd (East Lancashire) and 55th (West Lancashire) Division were reformed as a combined 42nd (Lancashire) Division.
893:, which manned the Green Line. The line was turned elsewhere, and for the next few days of retreat the division took part in a series of stands until it reached
913:
66th Division was reformed on 18 September 1918, mainly with non-Lancashire units and moved into the line on 7 October. It attacked before dawn next day (the
3544:
History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 2a: The Territorial Force Mounted Divisions and the 1st-Line Territorial Force Divisions (42–56)
685:, where the signallers picked up a buried cable route and re-established communications with corps HQ. The advanced Divisional Signal Office found itself in
3789:
3784:
1015:. In December that year the War Office decided to break up the division, and this was carried out on 4 March 1918 when the signal company was disbanded.
1562:, the designated wartime Regional Seat of Government. 2 Squadron remained all-male at the time, but 1 and 2 Squadrons exchanged roles in the 1960s.
3779:
2717:
508:
By the end of August the company strength was very low because of sickness, and it was commanded by a junior officer. Captain R.W. Dammers of the
1588:
33 (L&C) Signal Rgt was disbanded after the 2009 strategic review of reserves and was reduced to a single 33 Lancashire Signal Sqn, first in
777:
of the signal company returned to the UK in March. During the war 47 officers and men of the company had been killed, died of wounds or disease.
3463:
3363:
3348:
3333:
377:
The East Lancashire Division was selected as the first complete TF division to go overseas, to relieve Regular troops from garrison duties in
2014:
1369:. The fighting was bitter and gains were small: 59th (S) Division took Haut des Forges, but attacked Noyers again and again without success.
1039:, vacated when the 7th Bn Manchester Rgt was amalgamated after the war. The unit consisted of HQ and three companies, organised as follows:
344:
when orders came cancelling the camp because of the deteriorating international situation. The RE companies returned to Seymour Grove, where
3300:
1988:
3378:
1578:
1117:
the TA was doubled in size. Once again, 42nd (EL) Division formed 66th Division as its duplicate: this became active with its own signals (
121:
1937:
798:, and the engineers began to receive the first new recruits from Seymour Road. On 14 November the 2nd Line Divisional RE began to form at
413:, where the Signal Co set up communications for the Cairo defences and trained infantry signallers. Two cable detachments ran a line from
485:, but then moved to join DHQ, running telegraph cables back to corps HQ and forward to the brigade HQs, then to the flanking divisions (
2617:
1441:
1134:
735:, 27–28 September) the East Lancashires leap-frogged through five successive objectives. They went back into the line on 9 October, at
586:
192:
2669:
2854:
1539:
546:
1546:
From 1961 the mixed squadrons including members of the WRAC (1 and 3 Sqns) trained for a wartime role giving signals support to the
863:
593:
Samuel Eccles, a despatch rider who rode 15 miles (24 km) to deliver a message despite a broken ankle sustained in an accident
1460:
unit at Rusholme was transferred from 606th HAA Rgt to 42 Signal Rgt. The old Norton Street drill hall was then handed over to the
964:
320:
2233:
3434:
1262:
700:
245:
3732:
2915:
1570:
1512:
1274:
294:(termed Signal Company from 1911). The company headquarters (HQ) was at the East Lancashire RE drill hall at 73 Seymour Grove,
117:
3657:
3536:
1593:
661:
Arthur Solly-Flood, coined the motto 'Go one better', which continued to be used by the signal company and its successors.
467:
451:
3753:
3697:
1711:
820:
241:
113:
1341:
59th (S) Division was a follow-up formation for Overlord, landing in Normandy around 27 June 1944. It was sent into the
1027:(TA) in 1920–1, 42nd (East Lancashire) Divisional Signals was reformed, but transferred from the RE to the newly formed
954:. Later the signal companies were sent to their own Signal Service Training Centre, which was split over several sites.
633:
1631:
blouse, and the 42nd Division arm badge. From 1992 the WRAC was disbanded and women now wear the Royal Signals badge.
823:, which was also taken by the signal company. In March 1916 the division moved from the hutted camp at Crowborough to
315:
Nos 2–4 Sections were attached to and largely manned by the three infantry brigades of the division; nine motor cycle
3712:
3675:
3641:
3626:
3598:
3566:
3551:
1218:
1024:
209:
91:
3449:
1808:
947:
758:, so No 3 Signal Section abandoned its duties and manned the front line as infantry. The fighting was ended by the
295:
2954:
1278:
627:
471:
463:
267:
261:
237:
109:
3181:
3166:
3151:
3136:
3106:
3091:
3076:
3061:
3046:
989:
658:
486:
3121:
1617:
on the white centre. After 1967, 42 (City of Manchester) Signal Sqn adopted this badge as its squadron flash.
1589:
925:
began on the night of 17/18 October, with the 66th Division bridging the river and then following up through
249:
1096:, Manchester, on 12 March 1932. The unit was completely mechanised by 1935. Just before the outbreak of the
1673:
1286:
1249:
1032:
890:
856:
158:
2903:
1855:
Biography of Company Sergeant-Major Roland Harry Nuttall of 42nd (EL) Divisional Signals, 1907–15, at the
946:
three field companies and a signal company under command. At the beginning of 1916 the depot moved to the
378:
3607:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The War in France and Flanders 1939–1940
1816:
1766:
1727:
1624:
1445:
1000:
732:
550:
498:
754:
outbreak and from combat: 126th Bde suffered heavy casualties during the division's advance through the
545:
On 28 January 1917, after reaching El Arish, 42nd (EL) Division was ordered to leave Egypt and join the
1350:
1328:
1318:
1310:
657:
At a lecture to the division's officers and NCOs on 1 March 1918, the commander of 42nd (EL) Division,
475:
340:
At the beginning of August 1914 the East Lancashire Division was preparing to go on annual training at
3412:
1354:
1302:
1234:
1230:
980:
1158:
706:
3604:
1820:
1723:
1490:
1461:
1298:
914:
459:
427:
369:
354:
3575:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: The Defence of the United Kingdom
1974:
3572:
1166:
1049:
B Section – cable links between DHQ, Divisional Signal Centre, artillery and infantry brigade HQs
720:
670:
623:
502:
168:
1092:
42nd (EL) Divisional Signals and the units it administered moved to Norton Street, Brooks' Bar,
743:, along which the retreating Germans had made a stand. The division attacked on 20 October (the
1832:
Col A.R.B. Dobson, OBE, TD, industrialist and former squadron commander, 10 October 1957 – 1962
1731:
1028:
872:
759:
724:
455:
431:
394:
217:
173:
926:
298:; the rest of the company was organised as a cable section and three brigade signal sections:
1614:
1366:
951:
603:
804:
569:
The signal sections sailed with their respective brigades, and the division concentrated at
556:
3683:
The Royal Corps of Signals: A History of its Antecedents and Developments (Circa 1800–1955)
3582:
1146:
844:
490:
8:
1666:
1628:
1621:
1620:
Members of the WRAC attached to the regiment post-1947 wore the WRAC cap badge, with the
1559:
1547:
1346:
1282:
1238:
1046:
A Section – wireless links between DHQ, Divisional Signal Centre and infantry brigade HQs
950:
Reserve Training Centre, RE, at Caernarfon, joining the 3rd Line RE of the 55th (WL) and
922:
824:
744:
695:
642:
1181:
1659:
1480:
1377:
1358:
1322:
1194:
885:
578:
509:
482:
443:
163:
3513:
755:
3708:
3693:
3671:
3653:
3637:
3622:
3594:
3562:
3547:
3532:
1652:
1086:
414:
287:
3615:
History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series: Victory in the West
582:
573:
on 15 March. At the time the BEF was engaged in following the German retreat to the
3668:
Royal Corps of Signals: Unit Histories of the Corps (1920–2001) and its Antecedents
1314:
1197:). On 27 May 42nd (EL) Division was ordered to withdraw from the canal line to the
1154:
1071:
J, K and L Sections – cable links between infantry brigade HQs and their battalions
1060:
E, F and G Sections – cable links between artillery brigade HQs and their batteries
774:
686:
617:, with the Advanced Signal Office and Report Centre established in the ramparts of
531:
187:
46:
3593:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1947/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1993,
999:
After assembling in Lancashire, 73rd Division moved in early January 1917 to join
434:. Signal detachments were engaged in the fighting at Tussum on 3–4 February 1915.
3546:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1935/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007,
1392:
1342:
1078:
610:
574:
535:
283:
275:
271:
236:. It provided the divisional signals during both world wars, and served with the
233:
225:
221:
3609:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1954/Uckfield, Naval & Military Press, 2004.
3561:
London: HM Stationery Office, 1937/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007,
1705:
1244:
1222:
1189:
By 26 May the BEF was cut off and the decision was made to evacuate it through
848:
770:
682:
316:
76:
1373:
1281:. 59th Division's original Lancashire-raised signal unit had been sent to the
984:
service divisions; in November 1916 9th Provisional Bde moved from Margate to
867:
Royal Engineers bringing up telephone cable during the Battle of Poelcappelle.
3773:
1555:
1362:
1114:
1008:
972:
614:
319:
had been added to the company by 1914. The first Officer Commanding (OC) was
1277:, which, despite its title, had been formed as the second line duplicate of
678:
3621:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1962/Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2004,
1551:
1097:
894:
345:
324:
213:
87:
650:
3636:, London: Country Life, 1920/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2003,
1457:
1229:. By September 1940 it had re-equipped sufficiently to take its place in
1226:
918:
897:
on 30 March, where it was relieved by French troops and went for rest in
816:
812:
751:
740:
598:
386:
150:
3529:
A History of the East Lancashire Royal Engineers by Members of the Corps
1412:
Regimental HQ and No 1 Squadron at Norton Street, Brooks Bar, Manchester
1133:
for training, and then embarked for France on 12 April 1940 to join the
3720:
Titles and Designations of Formations and Units of the Territorial Army
1523:
1420:
1381:
1214:
1202:
1130:
1036:
780:
750:
The Signal Company struggled with over 50 per cent casualties from the
646:
462:; the rest of the company landed 9–10 May. The division was designated
422:
406:
341:
279:
229:
131:
3587:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
840:
1854:
1597:
1454:
606th (East Lancashire) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
1430:
1256:
1198:
1124:
1093:
1082:
985:
968:
799:
766:
570:
1178:
was under attack, and by 23 May it was back on the next canal line.
1449:
1361:. 59th (S) Division came into the line, attacking Haut des Forges,
1317:
from June 1942 to March 1943. On return to England it trained with
1170:
1157:
opened on 10 May, the BEF advanced into Belgium in accordance with
852:
828:
736:
590:
539:
494:
418:
364:
1268:
1261:
On 31 October 1941 42nd (EL) Infantry Division was converted into
466:(callsign YDB) from 26 May, with the infantry brigades designated
3746:
1627:
of the Royal Signals ('Jimmy') worn above the left pocket of the
1519:
1507:
1476:
1416:
1190:
1175:
1162:
1012:
884:
In February 1918, 66th (2nd EL) Division moved from Ypres to the
674:
3741:
542:, with the signallers erecting telegraph lines along the route.
442:
On 1 May the division began embarking at Alexandria to join the
3531:, Manchester, 1920/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2003,
2904:
David Porter's work on Provisional Brigades at Great War Forum.
1823:
in 1924–25, was appointed Hon Col of the unit on 30 April 1927.
1503:
1408:
began reforming on 1 May 1947 with the following organisation:
1385:
1372:
59th (S) Division was next heavily engaged in the fighting for
1297:
59th (Staffordshire) Division trained in Northern Command with
898:
677:
the following night, with DHQ and Report Centre established at
513:
382:
349:
290:(TF) in 1908, G Company of this unit became the basis for the
3690:
The Corps of Royal Engineers: Organization and Units 1889–2018
1068:
H Section – signal office for DHQ and Divisional Signal Centre
1357:, designed to distract German attention from the forthcoming
1306:
1150:
1004:
795:
785:
618:
410:
2575:
2573:
765:
After the Armistice 42nd (EL) Division. concentrated in the
581:) requiring much cable-laying in the devastated area around
393:. The OC of the Signal Co on embarkation was Captain (later
2810:
Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop, pp. 193–5, 215–7, 237, 312–4.
526:
373:
42nd (East Lancashire) Divisional insignia, First World War
3761:
1798:
Lt-Col P.D. Weymont, TD, 26 September 1965 – 31 March 1967
1448:(WRAC). In June 1956, RHQ and 1 Sqn moved to Norman Road,
1292:
585:. The first medal awarded to the division in France was a
525:
strongpoints and the HQs. On 3 April the company moved to
2570:
1792:
Lt-Col I.W. Herbert, TD, 28 September 1958–September 1963
1233:
of the mobile home defence forces. By November it was in
1489:
2 Sqn at Rusholme (with a detachment at Britannia Road,
1380:). On 6 August the division's infantry waded across the
1057:
D Section – signal office for Commander, Royal Artillery
560:
British motorcycle despatch rider on the Western Front.
1686:
66th (2nd East Lancashire) Divisional Signal Co, RE:
1581:. On 16 February 1999 the squadron received the title
1789:
Lt-Col D.N. Deakin, 5 August 1955 – 27 September 1958
1440:
In 1950, 3 Sqn absorbed the Liverpool TA elements of
1077:
No 3 (East Lancashire) Company, 2nd Corps Signals, a
851:
action. At the end of June the division moved to the
353:
volunteered. On 18 August the signal company went to
3591:
26th September–11th November, The Advance to Victory
2604:
2602:
1145:
42nd (East Lancashire) Divisional Signals landed at
781:
66th (2nd East Lancashire) Divisional Signal Company
446:, the Signal Co with Divisional HQ (DHQ) aboard the
3755:
Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and Commonwealth
3652:. Uckfield, East Sussex: Naval and Military Press.
1332:
A Royal Signals despatch rider being briefed, 1944.
1185:
Royal Signals erecting cable poles in France, 1940.
609:In July the division was withdrawn for training at
1257:42nd (East Lancashire) Armoured Divisional Signals
1125:42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Divisional Signals
1031:(RCS). From June 1922 it was headquartered at the
348:orders arrived at 18.00 on 4 August. The men were
3795:Military units and formations established in 1920
2599:
1753:66th (Lancashire and Border) Divisional Signals:
1749:Lt-Col R.C. Conway-Gordon, 15 October 1941 – 1943
649:. On 19 November the division moved again to the
385:on 9 September and the following day embarked at
3771:
1795:Lt-Col R. Boyd, September 1963–26 September 1965
1129:After mobilisation, 42nd (EL) Division moved to
458:on 5–6 May and went straight into action at the
409:on 25 September, and the divisional RE moved to
389:with the signal company (150 strong) aboard the
365:42nd (East Lancashire) Divisional Signal Company
2330:
2328:
1740:Lt-Col E.R. Sutton, MSM, TD, to 30 October 1939
1415:No 2 Squadron at the Drill Hall, Dinting Lane,
1406:42 (East Lancashire) Divisional Signal Regiment
1269:66th (Lancashire and Border) Divisional Signals
1119:66th (Lancashire and Border) Divisional Signals
1085:, and 211th Medium Artillery Signal Section at
710:RE Signal Company at work on the Western Front.
637:RE cable wagons advancing on the Western Front.
18:9th Provisional Signal Section, Royal Engineers
3195:
3193:
1819:(1872–1959), a distinguished engineer who was
1679:Maj P.A. Foy, MC, September 1918–February 1919
789:66th (2nd East Lancashire) Divisional insignia
3650:Orders of Battle: Second World War, 1939–1945
3033:
3031:
3029:
2832:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop, pp. 528, 533–4.
1743:Col M.E. Holdsworth, TD, 19 March–1 July 1941
971:from Lancashire units and details from local
357:and its sections camped with their brigades.
286:. When the Volunteers were subsumed into the
3459:
3457:
3219:
3217:
3207:
3205:
2926:
2924:
2325:
2165:
2163:
2161:
1826:Col W.S. Ashley, OBE, TD, former CO, 1947–52
1579:33 (Lancashire and Cheshire) Signal Regiment
1573:(TAVR) in 1967 it became a single squadron (
988:in Lancashire to form the basis of the new
292:East Lancashire Divisional Telegraph Company
122:33 (Lancashire and Cheshire) Signal Regiment
32:East Lancashire Divisional Telegraph Company
3790:Military units and formations in Manchester
3785:Military units and formations in Lancashire
3688:Graham E. Watson & Richard A. Rinaldi,
3634:The 42nd East Lancashire Division 1914–1918
3235:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3190:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2195:
1835:Col C.H.H. Lingard, TD, former CO, 1962–67.
1700:42nd (East Lancashire) Divisional Signals:
1429:No 3 Squadron at Signal House, Cross Lane,
1213:On return to England, the unit reformed at
1161:, with 42nd (EL) Division moving up to the
3685:, London: Royal Signals Institution, 1958.
3402:MoD Defence News 28 April 2009 (archived).
3026:
2950:
2948:
2938:
2936:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2296:
2294:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1642:East Lancashire Divisional Signal Co, RE:
1442:22 (West Lancashire) Corps Signal Regiment
45:
3454:
3450:33 Signal Rgt Association – archive site.
3214:
3202:
2921:
2899:
2897:
2863:
2674:
2158:
2138:
2136:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1761:59th (Staffordshire) Divisional Signals:
1746:Lt-Col C.G. Moore, 1 July–15 October 1941
1600:reorganisation. It continues to maintain
1540:Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers
975:units. By September 1915 it included the
839:66th (2nd EL) Division concentrated near
769:area until February 1919, but thereafter
34:42nd (East Lancashire) Divisional Signals
3226:
3010:
2998:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
1639:Unit commanders included the following:
1534:158 (Royal Welch Fusiliers) Infantry Bde
1327:
1243:
1237:in Eastern England, with the signals at
1180:
1165:, where it was in reserve. However, the
992:and the signal section expanded to form
862:
784:
705:
632:
555:
381:. The divisional engineers entrained at
368:
3780:Regiments of the Royal Corps of Signals
2945:
2933:
2696:
2650:
2626:
2291:
2202:
2172:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
1993:
1959:
1786:Maj G.S. Camp, acting May–5 August 1955
1682:Maj J. Parkinson, 7 February–March 1919
1569:, but when the TA was reduced into the
1567:42 (Lancashire and Cheshire) Signal Rgt
1293:59th (Staffordshire) Divisional Signals
266:The unit has its origins in G Company,
38:42 (City of Manchester) Signal Squadron
14:
3772:
3722:, London: War Office, 7 November 1927.
3705:Royal Engineers (Volunteers) 1859–1908
3647:
2894:
2680:Watson & Rinaldi, pp. 37 & 65.
2169:Watson & Rinaldi, pp. 33 & 65.
2133:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
1982:
1870:
1829:Col S.A. Woods, TD, former CO, 1952–57
1776:42nd (Lancashire) Divisional Signals:
1772:Lt-Col R.C.Steel, OBE, MC, TD, 1941–44
1634:
1571:Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve
1565:In 1965 the regiment was redesignated
1452:, in Manchester, formerly occupied by
1275:59th (Staffordshire) Infantry Division
957:
118:59th (Staffordshire) Infantry Division
3577:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1957.
2080:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
1023:When the TF was reconstituted as the
879:
450:. 2nd Signal Section landed with the
302:No 1 (Cable) Section at Seymour Grove
3413:Royal Signals: Explore the Reserves.
1783:Lt-Col C.H.H. Lingard, 1952–May 1955
723:on 8 July – the start of the Allied
468:125th (Lancashire Fusiliers) Brigade
421:, which was very important when the
405:The convoy of troopships arrived at
206:42 (East Lancashire) Signal Regiment
3726:
2914:9th Provisional Brigade War Diary,
2596:, Vol V, pp. 497, 503, 509–10, 523.
2042:
1802:
1655:A.Roberts, acting July–October 1915
1532:343 Sqn at Score Lane, Liverpool –
1221:, moving shortly afterwards to the
1103:
977:9th Provisional Signals Section, RE
940:
821:66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division
664:
305:No 2 (Lancashire Fusiliers) Section
242:66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division
114:66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division
51:Badge of the Royal Corps of Signals
24:
3199:Collier, p. 220; Maps 17 & 20.
2019:
1989:3rd Lancs RE (V) at Regiments.org.
1583:42 (City of Manchester) Signal Sqn
1528:127 (East Lancashire) Infantry Bde
1248:Royal Signals despatch riders and
834:
819:, and received its designation as
330:
25:
3806:
3502:History of the East Lancashire RE
3489:History of the East Lancashire RE
2880:History of the East Lancashire RE
2734:History of the East Lancashire RE
2691:History of the East Lancashire RE
2415:History of the East Lancashire RE
2393:History of the East Lancashire RE
2371:History of the East Lancashire RE
2349:History of the East Lancashire RE
2336:History of the East Lancashire RE
2302:History of the East Lancashire RE
2286:History of the East Lancashire RE
2264:History of the East Lancashire RE
2144:History of the East Lancashire RE
2128:History of the East Lancashire RE
1954:History of the East Lancashire RE
1649:Maj Arthur Niven Lawford, 1912–15
1108:
908:
481:Company HQ was established above
252:as a Signal Troop in Manchester.
248:. Its successor continues in the
3707:, Wembley: R.A. Westlake, 1983,
3666:Cliff Lord & Graham Watson,
3585:& Lt-Col R. Maxwell-Hyslop,
3507:
3494:
3481:
3472:
3443:
3428:
3417:
3406:
3395:
3392:Lord & Watson, pp. 282, 286.
3386:
3372:
3357:
3342:
3327:
3318:
3309:
2955:73 Division at Long, Long Trail.
2916:The National Archives (TNA), Kew
2670:66 Division at Long, Long Trail.
2234:42 Division at Long, Long Trail.
1672:Maj S.Gordon Johnson, DSO, MC,
1475:1 Sqn at Cross Lane Drill Hall,
1349:from 7 July. Next it shifted to
1018:
641:42nd (EL) Division next went to
597:. In May the division moved to
564:
86:
69:
3294:
3281:
3268:
3255:
3242:
3175:
3160:
3145:
3130:
3115:
3100:
3085:
3070:
3055:
3040:
2989:
2977:
2968:
2959:
2908:
2885:
2872:
2848:
2835:
2826:
2813:
2804:
2791:
2778:
2765:
2752:
2739:
2726:
2683:
2611:
2586:
2561:
2548:
2539:
2526:
2517:
2504:
2495:
2482:
2473:
2464:
2451:
2442:
2429:
2420:
2407:
2398:
2385:
2376:
2363:
2354:
2341:
2316:
2307:
2278:
2269:
2256:
2247:
2238:
2149:
2120:
1717:Lt-Col R.S. Newton, MC, 1926–32
1502:304 Sqn at Blacon Point House,
1279:55th (West Lancashire) Division
1208:
1201:, and the following day to the
714:
472:126th (East Lancashire) Brigade
464:42nd (East Lancashire) Division
335:
262:East Lancashire Royal Engineers
238:42nd (East Lancashire) Division
110:42nd (East Lancashire) Division
36:42 (Lancashire) Signal Regiment
3757:– Regiments.org (archive site)
2592:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
1968:
1946:
1780:Lt-Col S.A. Woods, TD, 1947–52
1676:, November 1916–September 1918
1499:3 Sqn at Score Lane, Liverpool
994:73rd Divisional Signal Company
805:.256-in Japanese Ariska rifles
308:No 3 (East Lancashire) Section
268:3rd Lancashire Royal Engineers
13:
1:
3521:
3324:Lord & Watson, pp. 202–6.
2077:Lord & Watson, pp. 150–1.
1757:Lt-Col K.F. Woodham, TD, 1939
1285:, where it eventually became
1252:on exercise in England, 1941.
1011:, with the Signal Company at
2930:Watson & Rinaldi, p. 56.
2869:Watson & Rinaldi, p. 59.
1737:Lt-Col C.B. Delaney, 1938–39
1674:South Staffordshire Regiment
1518:309 Sqn at Aspinall Street,
1250:AEC Armoured Command Vehicle
1155:German offensive in the west
1033:Burlington Street drill hall
891:50th (Northumbrian) Division
807:with which to mount guards.
654:was 9 officers and 274 ORs.
497:C.E. Williams won the first
437:
7:
2857:66th Signals Roll of Honour
2620:42nd Signals Roll of Honour
1848:
1839:
1815:Sir Frederick Joseph West,
1607:
1513:23 Independent Armoured Bde
1336:
1135:British Expeditionary Force
1001:Southern Army (Home Forces)
933:into force two days later.
773:began in earnest. The last
733:Battle of the Canal du Nord
547:British Expeditionary Force
499:Distinguished Conduct Medal
452:Lancashire Fusilier Brigade
278:(RE) formed in the City of
10:
3811:
3735:42 Signal Squadron History
3692:, Tiger Lily Books, 2018,
3670:, Solihull: Helion, 2003,
3424:37 Signal Rgt at Facebook.
3315:Lord & Watson, p. 268.
3037:Lord & Watson, p. 249.
2995:Lord & Watson, p. 243.
2974:Lord & Watson, p. 244.
2965:Lord & Watson, p. 240.
2891:Lord & Watson, p. 217.
1720:Lt-Col R. Lazenby, 1932–33
1399:
1140:
701:307th US Infantry Regiment
476:127th (Manchester) Brigade
259:
220:. It had its origins in a
2984:Titles & Designations
1646:Capt E.C. Holden, 1908–12
1604:at Rusholme, Manchester.
1355:Second Battle of the Odon
981:Military Service Act 1916
719:After the victory of the
587:Meritorious Service Medal
311:No 4 (Manchester) Section
255:
145:
137:
127:
105:
97:
82:
64:
56:
44:
31:
3765:site dedicated to the RE
2942:Becke, Pt 2b, pp. 111–6.
2647:Becke, Pt 2b, pp. 67–74.
2199:Becke, Pt 2a, pp. 35–41.
1940:History of 42 Signal Sqn
1864:
1821:Lord Mayor of Manchester
1807:The following served as
1575:42 (East Lancashire) Sqn
1491:Sale, Greater Manchester
1462:Royal Army Medical Corps
1446:Women's Royal Army Corps
1121:) on 28 September 1939.
915:Second Battle of Cambrai
519:
460:Second Battle of Krithia
400:
3681:Maj-Gen R.F.H. Nalder,
3648:Joslen, H. F. (2003) .
3514:West at Grace's Guides.
2720:66th Divisional Signals
965:9th Provisional Brigade
671:German spring offensive
624:Battle of Passchendaele
503:Third Battle of Krithia
169:German spring offensive
3619:The Battle of Normandy
1693:Maj E.N. Eveleigh, DSO
1665:Capt C.H. Williamson,
1538:Light Aid Detachment,
1333:
1263:42nd Armoured Division
1253:
1186:
1029:Royal Corps of Signals
952:53rd (Welsh) Divisions
868:
855:coast where it joined
790:
760:Armistice with Germany
725:Hundred Days Offensive
711:
638:
561:
432:Raid on the Suez Canal
374:
246:66th Infantry Division
218:Royal Corps of Signals
174:Hundred Days Offensive
3632:Frederick E. Gibbon,
3303:42nd Division History
3184:France & Flanders
3169:France & Flanders
3154:France & Flanders
3139:France & Flanders
3124:France & Flanders
3109:France & Flanders
3094:France & Flanders
3079:France & Flanders
3064:France & Flanders
3049:France & Flanders
2404:Gibbon, pp. 65, 83–5.
2275:Gibbon, pp. 7, 13–14.
1734:, 1932–38 and 1939–41
1696:Maj A.L. McIntosh, MC
1690:Maj J.S. Parsons, DSO
1615:Red Rose of Lancaster
1367:Landelles-et-Coupigny
1331:
1313:, and had a spell in
1247:
1184:
1079:Supplementary Reserve
866:
847:sector, where it saw
788:
709:
636:
604:Royal Field Artillery
559:
372:
3748:The Long, Long Trail
3380:Kelly, 33 Signal Rgt
1592:, then from 2014 in
1149:and moved up to the
1147:Cherbourg Naval Base
845:Hohenzollern Redoubt
3466:Commanding Officers
2567:Gibbon, pp. 172–87.
2545:Gibbon, pp. 154–72.
2523:Gibbon, pp. 139–53.
2501:Gibbon, pp. 129–38.
2470:Gibbon, pp. 106–26.
2448:Gibbon, pp. 97–104.
2244:Becke, Pt 2b, p. 6.
1965:Westlake, pp. 10–1.
1765:Lt-Col W.A. Scott,
1667:Manchester Regiment
1658:Capt R.W. Dammers,
1635:Commanding Officers
1347:Operation Charnwood
1345:, participating in
1239:Wethersfield, Essex
958:Provisional Signals
923:Battle of the Selle
825:Colchester Garrison
745:Battle of the Selle
696:Battle of the Somme
180:|Second World War]]
3613:Major L.F. Ellis,
3605:Major L.F. Ellis,
2882:, pp. 153, 259–61.
2608:Gibbon, pp. 191–7.
2426:Gibbon, pp. 86–96.
2382:Gibbon, pp. 63–83.
2313:Gibbon, pp. 17–23.
2253:Gibbon, pp. 6, 18.
2015:East Lancs Signals
1712:Lieutenant-Colonel
1704:Maj A.C. Roberts,
1660:Sherwood Foresters
1594:37 Signal Regiment
1590:32 Signal Regiment
1485:from 59 Signal Rgt
1481:Greater Manchester
1378:Operation Bluecoat
1359:Operation Goodwood
1334:
1323:Operation Overlord
1254:
1225:area, with DHQ at
1187:
1169:broke through the
886:Villers-Bretonneux
869:
791:
712:
639:
579:Operation Alberich
562:
510:Sherwood Foresters
483:Lancashire Landing
444:Gallipoli Campaign
397:) Arthur Lawford.
375:
3659:978-1-84342-474-1
3537:978-1-843426-80-6
3278:, pp. 408–9, 445.
3239:Joslen, pp. 93–4.
3223:Nalder pp. 614–5.
2360:Gibbon, pp. 60–2.
2037:Monthly Army List
1714:W. Monks, 1924–26
1662:, 10 October 1915
1577:) at Rusholme in
1087:Stockport Armoury
288:Territorial Force
200:
199:
193:North West Europe
16:(Redirected from
3802:
3733:Maj I.G. Kelly,
3727:External sources
3663:
3583:James E. Edmonds
3516:
3511:
3505:
3498:
3492:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3470:
3461:
3452:
3447:
3441:
3432:
3426:
3421:
3415:
3410:
3404:
3399:
3393:
3390:
3384:
3376:
3370:
3361:
3355:
3346:
3340:
3331:
3325:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3307:
3298:
3292:
3285:
3279:
3272:
3266:
3259:
3253:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3224:
3221:
3212:
3209:
3200:
3197:
3188:
3179:
3173:
3164:
3158:
3149:
3143:
3134:
3128:
3119:
3113:
3104:
3098:
3089:
3083:
3074:
3068:
3059:
3053:
3044:
3038:
3035:
3024:
3021:
3008:
3005:
2996:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2957:
2952:
2943:
2940:
2931:
2928:
2919:
2918:file WO 95/5458.
2912:
2906:
2901:
2892:
2889:
2883:
2876:
2870:
2867:
2861:
2852:
2846:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2817:
2811:
2808:
2802:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2776:
2769:
2763:
2756:
2750:
2743:
2737:
2730:
2724:
2715:
2694:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2672:
2667:
2648:
2645:
2624:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2597:
2590:
2584:
2577:
2568:
2565:
2559:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2515:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2493:
2486:
2480:
2479:Gibbon, pp. 125.
2477:
2471:
2468:
2462:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2440:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2418:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2396:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2374:
2367:
2361:
2358:
2352:
2345:
2339:
2332:
2323:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2305:
2298:
2289:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2267:
2266:, pp. 24–5, 200.
2260:
2254:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2236:
2231:
2200:
2197:
2170:
2167:
2156:
2155:Gibbon, pp. 3–6.
2153:
2147:
2146:, pp. 23–4, 199.
2140:
2131:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2078:
2075:
2040:
2039:, various dates.
2034:
2017:
2012:
1991:
1986:
1980:
1978:, 20 March 1908.
1972:
1966:
1963:
1957:
1950:
1944:
1935:
1809:Honorary Colonel
1803:Honorary Colonel
1602:842 Signal Troop
1550:organisation at
1315:Northern Ireland
1219:Northern Command
1195:Operation Dynamo
1104:Second World War
1098:Second World War
1025:Territorial Army
941:Third Line Depot
880:Spring Offensive
876:communications.
721:Battle of Amiens
665:Spring Offensive
599:Havrincourt Wood
532:Battle of Romani
210:Territorial Army
188:Battle of France
92:Territorial Army
90:
75:
73:
72:
49:
40:842 Signal Troop
29:
28:
21:
3810:
3809:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3799:
3770:
3769:
3742:Great War Forum
3737:(archive site).
3729:
3703:R.A. Westlake,
3698:978-171790180-4
3660:
3573:Basil Collier,
3557:Maj A.F. Becke,
3542:Maj A.F. Becke,
3524:
3519:
3512:
3508:
3499:
3495:
3486:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3444:
3433:
3429:
3422:
3418:
3411:
3407:
3400:
3396:
3391:
3387:
3377:
3373:
3362:
3358:
3347:
3343:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3299:
3295:
3286:
3282:
3273:
3269:
3265:, pp. 309, 334.
3260:
3256:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3227:
3222:
3215:
3210:
3203:
3198:
3191:
3180:
3176:
3165:
3161:
3150:
3146:
3135:
3131:
3120:
3116:
3105:
3101:
3090:
3086:
3075:
3071:
3060:
3056:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3027:
3022:
3011:
3006:
2999:
2994:
2990:
2982:
2978:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2941:
2934:
2929:
2922:
2913:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2890:
2886:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2853:
2849:
2840:
2836:
2831:
2827:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2796:
2792:
2783:
2779:
2770:
2766:
2757:
2753:
2744:
2740:
2731:
2727:
2716:
2697:
2688:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2651:
2646:
2627:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2600:
2591:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2456:
2452:
2447:
2443:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2399:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2377:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2346:
2342:
2333:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2299:
2292:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2261:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2232:
2203:
2198:
2173:
2168:
2159:
2154:
2150:
2141:
2134:
2130:, p. xxiii–xxv.
2125:
2121:
2117:Nalder, p. 596.
2116:
2081:
2076:
2043:
2035:
2020:
2013:
1994:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:, pp. xvi–xxiv.
1951:
1947:
1936:
1871:
1867:
1851:
1842:
1805:
1637:
1610:
1472:RHQ at Rusholme
1425:formed May 1948
1402:
1393:21st Army Group
1343:Battle for Caen
1339:
1295:
1271:
1259:
1211:
1153:area. When the
1143:
1127:
1111:
1106:
1021:
1003:, stationed in
960:
948:Western Command
943:
911:
882:
837:
783:
756:Forêt de Mormal
717:
667:
611:Achiet-le-Petit
575:Hindenburg Line
567:
536:Sinai Peninsula
522:
440:
403:
367:
338:
333:
331:First World War
317:Despatch riders
284:Second Boer War
276:Royal Engineers
272:Volunteer Force
264:
258:
234:Second Boer War
226:Royal Engineers
203:
183:
155:
151:First World War
141:'Go One Better'
120:
116:
112:
70:
68:
52:
39:
37:
35:
33:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3808:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3768:
3767:
3759:
3751:
3744:
3739:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3716:
3701:
3686:
3679:
3664:
3658:
3645:
3630:
3611:
3602:
3579:
3570:
3555:
3540:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3506:
3493:
3480:
3478:Gibbon, p. 18.
3471:
3453:
3442:
3427:
3416:
3405:
3394:
3385:
3371:
3366:343 Signal Sqn
3356:
3351:309 Signal Sqn
3341:
3336:304 Signal Sqn
3326:
3317:
3308:
3293:
3280:
3267:
3254:
3241:
3225:
3213:
3211:Joslen, p. 29.
3201:
3189:
3174:
3159:
3144:
3129:
3114:
3099:
3084:
3069:
3054:
3039:
3025:
3023:Joslen, p. 68.
3009:
3007:Joslen, p. 97.
2997:
2988:
2976:
2967:
2958:
2944:
2932:
2920:
2907:
2893:
2884:
2871:
2862:
2847:
2834:
2825:
2812:
2803:
2790:
2777:
2764:
2751:
2738:
2725:
2695:
2682:
2673:
2649:
2625:
2610:
2598:
2585:
2569:
2560:
2547:
2538:
2525:
2516:
2503:
2494:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2450:
2441:
2428:
2419:
2406:
2397:
2384:
2375:
2362:
2353:
2340:
2324:
2322:Gibbon, p. 32.
2315:
2306:
2290:
2277:
2268:
2255:
2246:
2237:
2201:
2171:
2157:
2148:
2132:
2119:
2079:
2041:
2018:
1992:
1981:
1976:London Gazette
1967:
1958:
1945:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1759:
1758:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1709:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1670:
1663:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1636:
1633:
1609:
1606:
1544:
1543:
1536:
1530:
1516:
1500:
1497:
1493:until 1966) –
1487:
1473:
1438:
1437:
1427:
1413:
1401:
1398:
1338:
1335:
1294:
1291:
1270:
1267:
1258:
1255:
1223:Barnard Castle
1210:
1207:
1142:
1139:
1126:
1123:
1113:Following the
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1020:
1017:
967:was formed in
959:
956:
942:
939:
910:
907:
881:
878:
849:Trench warfare
836:
833:
782:
779:
771:demobilisation
716:
713:
683:Foncquevillers
666:
663:
566:
563:
521:
518:
439:
436:
430:carried out a
402:
399:
366:
363:
337:
334:
332:
329:
313:
312:
309:
306:
303:
260:Main article:
257:
254:
201:
198:
197:
196:
195:
190:
177:
176:
171:
166:
161:
147:
143:
142:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
107:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
84:
80:
79:
77:United Kingdom
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3807:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3731:
3730:
3721:
3718:War Office,
3717:
3714:
3713:0-9508530-0-3
3710:
3706:
3702:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3676:1-874622-92-2
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3655:
3651:
3646:
3643:
3642:1-84342-642-0
3639:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3627:1-845740-58-0
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3603:
3600:
3599:1-870423-06-2
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3581:Brig-Gen Sir
3580:
3578:
3576:
3571:
3568:
3567:1-847347-39-8
3564:
3560:
3556:
3553:
3552:1-847347-39-8
3549:
3545:
3541:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3515:
3510:
3503:
3497:
3490:
3484:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3460:
3458:
3451:
3446:
3440:
3438:
3431:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3409:
3403:
3398:
3389:
3383:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3367:
3360:
3354:
3352:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3330:
3321:
3312:
3306:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3284:
3277:
3271:
3264:
3258:
3251:
3245:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3220:
3218:
3208:
3206:
3196:
3194:
3187:
3186:, Chapter 14.
3185:
3178:
3172:
3171:, Chapter 13.
3170:
3163:
3157:
3156:, Chapter 12.
3155:
3148:
3142:
3141:, Chapter 11.
3140:
3133:
3127:
3125:
3118:
3112:
3110:
3103:
3097:
3095:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3043:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3004:
3002:
2992:
2985:
2980:
2971:
2962:
2956:
2951:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2927:
2925:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2900:
2898:
2888:
2881:
2875:
2866:
2860:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2838:
2829:
2822:
2816:
2807:
2801:, pp. 246–50.
2800:
2794:
2787:
2781:
2775:, pp. 238–42.
2774:
2768:
2761:
2755:
2748:
2742:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2693:, pp. 229–30.
2692:
2686:
2677:
2671:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2623:
2621:
2614:
2605:
2603:
2595:
2589:
2583:, pp. 219–20.
2582:
2576:
2574:
2564:
2557:
2551:
2542:
2535:
2529:
2520:
2513:
2507:
2498:
2491:
2485:
2476:
2467:
2460:
2454:
2445:
2438:
2432:
2423:
2416:
2410:
2401:
2394:
2388:
2379:
2372:
2366:
2357:
2350:
2344:
2337:
2331:
2329:
2319:
2310:
2303:
2297:
2295:
2287:
2281:
2272:
2265:
2259:
2250:
2241:
2235:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2152:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2129:
2123:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2038:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1990:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1971:
1962:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1869:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1846:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1811:of the unit:
1810:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1726:W.S. Ashley,
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1556:Bamber Bridge
1553:
1549:
1548:Civil Defence
1541:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:Noyers-Bocage
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1115:Munich Crisis
1101:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:No 3 Company
1064:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:No 2 Company
1053:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:No 1 Company
1042:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1019:Royal Signals
1016:
1014:
1010:
1009:Hertfordshire
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
990:73rd Division
987:
982:
978:
974:
973:Home counties
970:
966:
955:
953:
949:
938:
934:
930:
928:
924:
920:
916:
906:
902:
900:
896:
892:
887:
877:
874:
865:
861:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
835:Western Front
832:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
808:
806:
801:
797:
787:
778:
776:
772:
768:
763:
761:
757:
753:
748:
746:
742:
738:
734:
728:
726:
722:
708:
704:
702:
697:
691:
688:
687:No man's land
684:
680:
676:
672:
662:
660:
655:
652:
648:
644:
635:
631:
629:
625:
620:
616:
615:Ypres Salient
612:
607:
605:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
565:Western Front
558:
554:
552:
551:Western Front
548:
543:
541:
537:
533:
528:
517:
515:
511:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
435:
433:
429:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
371:
362:
358:
356:
351:
347:
343:
328:
326:
322:
318:
310:
307:
304:
301:
300:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
263:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
202:Military unit
194:
191:
189:
186:
185:
184:
181:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
156:
153:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
133:
130:
126:
123:
119:
115:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
93:
89:
85:
81:
78:
67:
63:
59:
55:
48:
43:
30:
27:
19:
3762:
3754:
3747:
3734:
3719:
3704:
3689:
3682:
3667:
3649:
3633:
3618:
3614:
3606:
3590:
3586:
3574:
3558:
3543:
3528:
3509:
3501:
3496:
3488:
3483:
3474:
3465:
3445:
3436:
3430:
3419:
3408:
3397:
3388:
3379:
3374:
3365:
3359:
3350:
3344:
3335:
3329:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3296:
3288:
3283:
3275:
3270:
3262:
3257:
3249:
3244:
3183:
3177:
3168:
3162:
3153:
3147:
3138:
3132:
3126:, Chapter 9.
3123:
3117:
3111:, Chapter 8.
3108:
3102:
3096:, Chapter 6.
3093:
3087:
3081:, Chapter 5.
3078:
3072:
3066:, Chapter 4.
3063:
3057:
3051:, Chapter 3.
3048:
3042:
2991:
2983:
2979:
2970:
2961:
2910:
2887:
2879:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2850:
2845:, pp. 251–3.
2842:
2837:
2828:
2823:, pp. 250–1.
2820:
2815:
2806:
2798:
2793:
2788:, pp. 243–6.
2785:
2780:
2772:
2767:
2762:, pp. 234–8.
2759:
2754:
2749:, pp. 231–4.
2746:
2741:
2736:, pp. 230–1.
2733:
2728:
2719:
2690:
2685:
2676:
2619:
2613:
2593:
2588:
2580:
2563:
2555:
2550:
2541:
2533:
2528:
2519:
2514:, pp. 213–7.
2511:
2506:
2497:
2492:, pp. 213–5.
2489:
2484:
2475:
2466:
2461:, pp. 211–3.
2458:
2453:
2444:
2439:, pp. 210–1.
2436:
2431:
2422:
2414:
2409:
2400:
2392:
2387:
2378:
2373:, pp. 206–8.
2370:
2365:
2356:
2348:
2343:
2335:
2318:
2309:
2304:, pp. 201–3.
2301:
2285:
2280:
2271:
2263:
2258:
2249:
2240:
2151:
2143:
2127:
2122:
2036:
1984:
1975:
1970:
1961:
1953:
1948:
1939:
1856:
1843:
1806:
1775:
1760:
1752:
1699:
1685:
1641:
1638:
1619:
1611:
1601:
1587:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1564:
1552:Cuerden Hall
1545:
1533:
1527:
1511:
1495:former 1 Sqn
1494:
1484:
1466:
1439:
1434:
1424:
1405:
1403:
1390:
1371:
1340:
1296:
1272:
1260:
1212:
1209:Home Defence
1188:
1144:
1128:
1118:
1112:
1109:Mobilisation
1091:
1076:
1022:
998:
993:
979:. After the
976:
961:
944:
935:
931:
912:
909:Hundred Days
903:
895:Hangard Wood
883:
873:Poelcappelle
870:
838:
809:
792:
764:
749:
729:
718:
715:Hundred Days
692:
668:
656:
640:
608:
594:
568:
544:
523:
507:
480:
447:
441:
428:Turkish Army
404:
390:
376:
359:
346:mobilisation
339:
336:Mobilisation
325:Regular Army
314:
296:Old Trafford
291:
274:unit of the
265:
250:Army Reserve
224:unit of the
214:British Army
212:unit of the
205:
204:
179:
178:
149:
106:Part of
60:1908–present
26:
2417:, p. 209–10
2288:, pp. 25–6.
1629:battledress
1542:at Rusholme
1458:Cadet Corps
1435:formed 1949
1374:Mont Pinçon
1287:Eighth Army
1283:Middle East
1227:Raby Castle
1167:German Army
919:River Selle
857:Fourth Army
817:East Sussex
813:Crowborough
752:Spanish flu
741:River Selle
491:Royal Naval
456:Cape Helles
387:Southampton
282:during the
232:during the
146:Engagements
128:Garrison/HQ
3774:Categories
3522:References
1669:, May 1916
1596:under the
1524:Merseyside
1421:Derbyshire
1382:River Orne
1215:Darlington
1203:River Yser
1131:Hungerford
1037:Manchester
679:Gomiécourt
647:River Yser
628:poison gas
606:brigades.
474:(ZLF) and
423:Suez Canal
407:Alexandria
342:Caernarfon
280:Manchester
244:, and the
230:Manchester
228:formed in
132:Manchester
3617:, Vol I:
3589:, Vol V,
3504:, p. 254.
3491:, p. 206.
3291:, p. 453.
3252:, p. 540.
2558:, p. 219.
2395:, p. 209.
2351:, p. 205.
2338:, p. 204.
1708:, 1920–24
1625:cap badge
1598:Army 2020
1431:Liverpool
1351:XXX Corps
1319:XII Corps
1311:III Corps
1289:Signals.
1199:River Lys
1094:Stretford
1083:Blackburn
986:Blackpool
969:East Kent
927:Le Cateau
800:Southport
767:Charleroi
669:When the
651:La Bassée
589:(MSM) to
571:Pont-Remy
438:Gallipoli
222:Volunteer
164:Gallipoli
3437:Insignia
3289:Normandy
3276:Normandy
3263:Normandy
3250:Normandy
2536:, 217–8.
1859:website.
1849:See also
1840:Memorial
1608:Insignia
1450:Rusholme
1391:By now,
1353:for the
1337:Normandy
1303:IX Corps
1235:XI Corps
1231:IV Corps
1171:Ardennes
1159:'Plan D'
853:Flanders
829:Le Havre
737:Briastre
643:Nieuport
595:en route
591:Corporal
540:El Arish
495:Sergeant
419:Ismailia
391:Saturnia
350:billeted
138:Motto(s)
3464:Kelly,
3435:Kelly,
3364:Kelly,
3349:Kelly,
3334:Kelly,
3301:Kelly,
3287:Ellis,
3274:Ellis,
3261:Ellis,
3248:Ellis,
3182:Ellis,
3167:Ellis,
3152:Ellis,
3137:Ellis,
3122:Ellis,
3107:Ellis,
3092:Ellis,
3077:Ellis,
3062:Ellis,
3047:Ellis,
2855:Kelly,
2843:History
2821:History
2799:History
2786:History
2773:History
2760:History
2747:History
2718:Kelly,
2618:Kelly,
2581:History
2556:History
2534:History
2512:History
2490:History
2459:History
2437:History
1938:Kelly,
1724:Colonel
1622:Mercury
1560:Preston
1520:Prescot
1508:Chester
1477:Salford
1417:Glossop
1400:Postwar
1299:X Corps
1191:Dunkirk
1176:Tournai
1141:Dunkirk
1137:(BEF).
1013:Hitchin
841:Béthune
739:on the
675:Bapaume
659:Maj-Gen
583:Péronne
549:on the
478:(ZLG).
470:(ZLE),
448:Crispin
415:Kantara
321:Captain
101:Signals
65:Country
3763:Ubique
3711:
3696:
3674:
3656:
3640:
3625:
3597:
3565:
3550:
3535:
3527:Anon,
3500:Anon,
3487:Anon,
2878:Anon,
2841:Anon,
2819:Anon,
2797:Anon,
2784:Anon,
2771:Anon,
2758:Anon,
2745:Anon,
2732:Anon,
2689:Anon,
2579:Anon,
2554:Anon,
2532:Anon,
2510:Anon,
2488:Anon,
2457:Anon,
2435:Anon,
2413:Anon,
2391:Anon,
2369:Anon,
2347:Anon,
2334:Anon,
2300:Anon,
2284:Anon,
2262:Anon,
2142:Anon,
2126:Anon,
1952:Anon,
1857:Ubique
1769:, 1940
1504:Blacon
1456:. The
1386:Brieux
1163:Escaut
921:. The
899:Amiens
514:Mudros
383:Bolton
256:Origin
240:, the
208:was a
83:Branch
74:
57:Active
1865:Notes
1464:(TA)
1384:near
1309:with
1307:Wales
1305:, in
1151:Lille
1005:Essex
796:Wigan
775:cadre
619:Ypres
520:Sinai
411:Cairo
401:Egypt
395:Major
379:Egypt
159:Egypt
3709:ISBN
3694:ISBN
3672:ISBN
3654:ISBN
3638:ISBN
3623:ISBN
3595:ISBN
3563:ISBN
3548:ISBN
3533:ISBN
2594:1918
1653:2/Lt
1365:and
1321:for
1301:and
1007:and
527:Suez
489:and
487:29th
355:Bury
270:, a
98:Role
1817:GBE
1767:MBE
1728:OBE
1217:in
1035:in
815:in
538:to
454:at
417:to
216:'s
3776::
3456:^
3228:^
3216:^
3204:^
3192:^
3028:^
3012:^
3000:^
2947:^
2935:^
2923:^
2896:^
2698:^
2652:^
2628:^
2601:^
2572:^
2327:^
2293:^
2204:^
2174:^
2160:^
2135:^
2082:^
2044:^
2021:^
1995:^
1872:^
1732:TD
1730:,
1706:MC
1585:.
1558:,
1554:,
1526:–
1522:,
1510:–
1506:,
1483:–
1479:,
1433:–
1423:–
1419:,
1241:.
996:.
929:.
901:.
831:.
630:.
327:.
3715:.
3700:.
3678:.
3662:.
3644:.
3629:.
3601:.
3569:.
3554:.
3539:.
3468:.
3439:.
3382:.
3368:.
3353:.
3338:.
3305:.
2986:.
2859:.
2722:.
2622:.
1942:.
1376:(
1193:(
577:(
182::
154::
20:)
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