968:
204:
56:
1607:
1905:
1080:"If you can grasp the mystery behind the following problematic passages: 1) The final twelve verses of this book , 2) 'Moshe wrote ' ; 3) 'At that time, the Canaanites dwelt in the land' ; 4) '... In the mountain of God, He will appear' ; 5) 'behold, his bed is a bed of iron ' you will understand the truth."
1084:
Spinoza concluded that Ibn Ezra's reference to "the truth", and other such references scattered throughout Ibn Ezra's commentary in reference to seemingly anachronistic verses, as "a clear indication that it was not Moses who wrote the
Pentateuch but someone else who lived long after him, and that it
1075:
were written or redacted by somebody else, cites Ibn Ezra commentary on
Deuteronomy. In his commentary, Ibn Ezra looks to Deuteronomy 1:1, and is troubled by the anomalous nature of referring to Moses as being "beyond the Jordan", as though the writer was oriented in the land of Cana'an (west of the
1024:
Besides his commentaries on the Torah, Ibn Ezra would also publish a multitude of works on science in Hebrew. In doing so, he would continue his mission of spreading the knowledge he had gained in Spain to the Jews throughout the areas he visited and lived. This can be seen particularly in the works
1775:
For example, Spinoza understood Ibn Ezra's commentary on
Genesis 12:6 ("And the Canaanite was then in the land"), wherein Ibn Ezra esoterically stated that "some mystery lies here, and let him who understands it keep silent," as proof that Ibn Ezra recognized that at least certain Biblical passages
940:
Little is known of ibn Ezra's family from outside sources; however, he wrote of a marriage to a wife that produced five children. While it is believed four died early, the last-born, Isaac, became an influential poet and later convert to Islam in 1140. The conversion of his son was deeply troubling
1091:
Ibn Ezra is also among the first scholars who are known to have published a text about the division of the Book of Isaiah into at least two distinct parts. He remarked in his commentary to Isaiah that chapters 1-39 dealt with a different historical period (second half of the 8th century BCE) than
1334:
in 1147–1148 Ibn Ezra then composed a systematic presentation of astrology, starting with an introduction and a book on general principles, and then five books on particular branches of the subject. The presentation appears to have been planned as an integrated whole, with cross-references
948:, who was some 14 years older. When ibn Ezra moved to Córdoba as a young man, Halevi followed him. This trend continued when the two began their lives as wanderers in 1137. Halevi died in 1141, but Ibn Ezra continued travelling for three decades, reaching as far as
996:
During his time of publishing translations, Ibn Ezra also began to publish his own biblical commentaries. Making use of many of the techniques outlined by Hayyuj, Ibn Ezra would publish his first biblical commentary, a commentary on
952:. During his travels, he began to compose secular poetry describing the lands through which he was travelling as well as beginning to pen the deeply rational Torah commentaries he would be best remembered for.
1092:
chapters 40-66 (later than last third of the 6th century BCE). This division of the book into First Isaiah and
Deutero Isaiah has been accepted nowadays by all but the most conservative Jews and Christians.
1076:
Jordan River), although Moses and the
Children of Israel had not yet crossed the Jordan at that point in the Biblical narrative. Relating this inconsistency to others in the Torah, Ibn Ezra famously stated,
1335:
throughout, including references to subsequent books in the future tense. Each of the books is known in two versions, so it seems that at some point Ibn Ezra also created a revised edition of the series.
1085:
was a different book that Moses wrote". Spinoza and later scholars were thus able to expand on several of Ibn Ezra's references as a means of providing stronger evidence for Non-Mosaic authorship.
1795:
975:
In Spain, Ibn Ezra had already gained the reputation of a distinguished poet and thinker. However, apart from his poems, the vast majority of his work was composed after 1140. Written in
1088:
Orthodox writers, on the other hand, have stated that Ibn Ezra's commentary can be interpreted as consistent with Jewish tradition stating that the Torah was divinely dictated to Moses.
2069:
Sánchez-Rubio García, Fernando (2016). El segundo comentario de
Abraham Ibn Ezra al libro del Cantar de los Cantares. Edición crítica, traducción, notas y estudio introductorio.
993:
from their original Judeo-Arabic to Hebrew. Published as early as 1140, these translations became some of the first expositions of Hebrew grammar to be written in Hebrew.
1432:", beginning "Grow old along with me/The best is yet to be", is derived from a meditation on Ibn Ezra's life and work that appeared in Browning's 1864 poetry collection
1307:
2247:
876:
1394:
There are a great many other poems by Ibn Ezra, some of them religious and some secular – about friendship, wine, didactic or satirical. Like his friend
983:, these works covering Hebrew grammar, Biblical exegesis, and scientific theory were tinged with the work of Arab scholars he had studied in Spain.
2086:
1796:""The Canaanites Were Then in the Land": Ibn Ezra, Post-Mosaic Editorial Insertions, and the Canaanite Exile from the Land - Text & Texture"
1741:"A Theologico-Political Treatise: Part 2: Chapter VIII.—Of the Authorship of the Pentateuch and the Other Historical Books of the Old Testament"
2155:
1017:
in 1145. This short commentary would be amended into longer portions beginning in 1155 with the publication of his expanded commentary on
912:
1631:
1622:
3412:
502:
17:
1966:
1434:
3462:
2178:
2131:
1991:
1946:
1145:"Book of Scales" (1140), chiefly an explanation of the terms used in Hebrew grammar; as early as 1148 it was incorporated by
1025:
he published while living in France. Here, many of the works published can be seen as relating to astrology, and use of the
986:
Beginning many of his writings in Italy, Ibn Ezra also worked extensively to translate the works of grammarian and biblical
3427:
3422:
3397:
2119:
Smithuis, Renate, "Abraham Ibn Ezra's
Astrological Works in Hebrew and Latin: New Discoveries and Exhaustive Listing", in
1590:
The Rule of Peshat: Jewish
Constructions of the Plain Sense of Scripture and Their Christian and Muslim Contexts, 900-1270
2786:
2621:
2047:
1187:(1145), on linguistic correctness, his best grammatical work, which also contains a brief outline of modern Hebrew meter.
1045:
interpretation. He exercised an independent criticism that, according to some writers, exhibits a marked tendency toward
203:
2275:
2194:
2015:
2096:
2023:
1976:
1853:
1545:
3457:
3437:
3432:
3014:
1550:
1478:
1918:
1115:
also had a place in his view of the world. He also wrote various works on mathematical and astronomical subjects.
3019:
2036:
905:
1959:
1348:("Book of Reasons"), an overview of Arabic astrology, giving explanations for the material in the previous book.
3447:
3157:
3003:
2841:
2836:
2037:
Religion and
Science in Abraham Ibn Ezra's Sefer Ha-Olam (Including an English Translation of the Hebrew Text)
1846:
The
Medieval Hebrew Encyclopedias of Science and Philosophy: Proceedings of the Bar-Ilan University Conference
937:, he claimed it to be his place of birth. Ultimately, most scholars agree that his place of birth was Tudela.
2876:
2771:
2627:
2414:
1785:
See for example, "Who wrote the Bible" and the "Bible with Sources Revealed" both by Richard Elliott Friedman
1103:("Foundation of Awe"), on the division and the reasons for the Biblical commandments, he wrote in 1158 for a
1095:
Ibn Ezra's commentaries, and especially some of the longer excursuses, contain numerous contributions to the
926:
679:
3361:
3274:
2973:
2766:
2732:
1132:("Book of the Straight") The complete commentary on the Torah, which was finished shortly before his death.
684:
497:
1564:
3452:
3417:
3402:
3237:
2881:
2683:
2633:
2501:
2420:
2239:
1651:
Sela, Shlomo; Freudenthal, Gad (2006). "Abraham Ibn Ezra's Scholarly Writings: A Chronological Listing".
1951:
Charlap, Luba. 2001. Another view of Rabbi Abraham Ibn-Ezra's contribution to medieval Hebrew grammar.
3137:
3029:
2906:
2851:
2615:
2054:
Levin, Elizabetha, Various Times in Abraham Ibn Ezra's Works and their Reflection in Modern Thought //
898:
846:
799:
578:
2242:
2240:
2030:
3269:
3259:
3253:
3196:
3147:
2886:
1473:
831:
709:
613:
487:
396:
260:
1702:
3442:
3346:
3336:
2856:
2754:
2678:
2673:
2326:
2243:
1844:
Shlomo Sela (2000), "Encyclopedic aspects of Ibn Ezra's scientific corpus", in Steven Harvey (ed),
1049:. In addition, he sharply criticized those who blended the simplistic and logical explanation with
674:
2244:
2161:
entry on "Ibn Ezra, Abraham Ben Meir" with extensive bibliography by Uriel Simon and Raphael Jospe
1053:, maintaining that such interpretations were never intended to supplant the plain understanding.
3264:
3202:
3094:
3039:
2985:
2929:
2075:
1923:
1342:("The Beginning of Wisdom"), an introduction to astrology, perhaps a revision of his earlier book
764:
283:
2241:
1372:("Book of Elections", also known as "Critical Days"), on optimum days for particular activities.
3074:
3069:
3044:
2653:
2524:
2268:
2102:
1057:
990:
967:
794:
734:
704:
464:
401:
1857:
1762:
3407:
3387:
3289:
3284:
2403:
2331:
2306:
2145:, New Series, Vol. 79, No. 4 (April 1989), pp. 323–343, University of Pennsylvania Press
1483:
1009:
throughout his journey, though he would manage to publish a short commentary over the entire
744:
714:
608:
1831:
1612:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
3392:
3351:
3243:
2961:
2901:
2245:
2126:
Wacks, David. "The Poet, the Rabbi, and the Song: Abraham ibn Ezra and the Song of Songs".
1488:
1382:
1072:
856:
598:
563:
446:
2058:, Brill Academic Publishers,18, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 154-170. DOI: 10.1163/15685241-12341414
1740:
8:
3366:
3172:
3122:
3104:
3079:
3034:
2702:
2648:
2643:
2603:
2557:
1463:
1378:("Book of the World"), on the fates of countries and wars, and other larger-scale issues.
861:
346:
214:
2871:
2816:
2005:
Le livre des fondements astrologiques, précédé du Commencement de la Sapience des Signes
1813:
3356:
3326:
3320:
3024:
2979:
2967:
2911:
2831:
2742:
2737:
2609:
2365:
1684:
1676:
1060:
941:
for ibn Ezra, leading him to pen many poems reacting to the event for years afterward.
871:
866:
836:
789:
769:
618:
593:
371:
341:
298:
2866:
2189:
2166:
2076:"Abraham Ibn Ezra's Scientific Corpus Basic Constituents and General Characterization"
3331:
3294:
3279:
3225:
3167:
3054:
2934:
2891:
2801:
2781:
2712:
2668:
2580:
2518:
2489:
2430:
2425:
2371:
2316:
2311:
2261:
2174:
2092:
2019:
1987:
1972:
1942:
1888:
1849:
1688:
1668:
1503:
1498:
1415:
1214:
759:
749:
739:
654:
588:
583:
416:
391:
351:
195:
172:
159:, 1089 / 1092 – 27 January 1164 / 23 January 1167) was one of the most distinguished
83:
31:
1962:– An article by Meira Epstein, detailing all of ibn Ezra's extant astrological works
934:
3248:
3190:
3084:
3009:
2991:
2949:
2940:
2846:
2821:
2791:
2760:
2748:
2727:
2638:
2575:
2542:
2536:
2483:
2440:
2409:
2383:
2321:
2199:
1660:
1493:
1319:
Ibn Ezra composed his first book on astrology in Italy, before his move to France:
826:
774:
469:
411:
366:
356:
323:
1071:, in concluding that Moses did not author the Torah, and that the Torah and other
3315:
3310:
3231:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3132:
3099:
3064:
3059:
2955:
2861:
2826:
2806:
2776:
2663:
2552:
2530:
2450:
2393:
2388:
1425:
1018:
976:
784:
633:
525:
441:
431:
168:
141:
123:
79:
2130:. Eds. Michelle M. Hamilton, Sarah J. Portnoy and David A. Wacks. Newark, Del.:
1037:
In his commentary, Ibn Ezra adhered to the literal sense of the texts, avoiding
2507:
2478:
2445:
1914:
1618:
1468:
1429:
1068:
1001:
in 1140. He would continue to publish such commentaries over mostly works from
956:
851:
719:
689:
669:
664:
659:
623:
603:
421:
2123:(Aleph: Historical Studies in Science and Judaism), 2006, No. 6, Pages 239-338
2042:
3381:
3127:
2811:
2547:
2512:
2495:
2435:
2377:
1909:
1883:
Levi-Naḥum, Yehuda (1986). "The graves of the fathers and of the righteous".
1672:
1626:
1613:
1395:
1146:
1032:
841:
724:
699:
2219:
1892:
3207:
3049:
2997:
2717:
2658:
2455:
2355:
2300:
2292:
1763:
The Commentary of Abraham Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch: Volume 5, Deuteronomy
1451:
1326:("Judgments of the Zodiacal Signs"), on the general principles of astrology
1108:
998:
980:
945:
779:
628:
361:
313:
1664:
1354:("Book of Nativities"), on astrology based on the time and place of birth.
925:
Abraham Ibn Ezra was born in Tudela, one of the oldest and most important
2896:
2592:
2473:
2398:
1210:
1174:
1046:
729:
694:
507:
492:
426:
386:
244:
164:
1908: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1680:
1200:
3341:
3089:
2586:
2350:
2138:
2114:
1986:,('iggeret hashabbat). Ktav Publishing House, Inc., New Jersey (2009).
1403:
1006:
754:
540:
530:
436:
406:
381:
303:
229:
55:
2128:
Wine, Women, and Song: Hebrew and Arabic Literature in Medieval Iberia
2108:
1635:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 42.
1331:
2598:
2465:
1887:(in Hebrew). Ḥolon, Israel: Mifʻal ḥaśifat ginze Teman. p. 252.
1297:
1255:(1158), on the division of and reasons for the Biblical commandments.
1217:, whose criticism of Saadia ibn Ezra had brought with him from Egypt.
1112:
1026:
545:
308:
239:
234:
61:
2567:
2284:
2208:
1096:
1042:
1038:
987:
638:
318:
2224:
3182:
3114:
2921:
2722:
1366:("Book of Interrogations"), on questions about particular events.
1360:("Book of Luminaries" or "Book of Lights"), on medical astrology.
1050:
1002:
971:
The Book Exodus, with commentary by Abraham ibn Ezra, Naples 1488
949:
933:
of the Muslim Taifa of Zaragoza. However, when he later moved to
535:
176:
2139:"The Two Commentaries of Abraham Ibn Ezra on the Book of Esther"
2693:
2068:
1178:
1104:
881:
2238:
1446:
According to Jewish tradition, Abraham ibn Ezra was buried in
955:
He appears to have been unrelated to the contemporary scholar
3217:
2944:
2796:
2707:
2341:
1829:
1447:
1399:
1064:
1014:
1010:
265:
2253:
1968:
Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia
1965:
Glick, Thomas F.; Livesey, Steven John; and Wallis, Faith,
1419:
930:
160:
2065:, Vatican Manuscript Vat. Ebr. 38. Jerusalem: Makor, 1974.
1033:
Influence on biblical criticism and philosophy of religion
1713:
see introduction to Yam Shel Shlomo by Rabbi Shlomo Luria
2088:
Abraham Ibn Ezra and the Rise of Medieval Hebrew Science
1099:. One work in particular that belongs to this province,
2228:
1107:
friend, Joseph ben Jacob. In his philosophical thought
60:
An illustration of Ibn Ezra (center) making use of an
1565:"IBN EZRA, ISAAC (ABU SA'D) - JewishEncyclopedia.com"
1201:
Smaller works – partly grammatical, partly exegetical
30:"Abenezra" redirects here. For the lunar crater, see
929:. At the time, the town was under the rule of the
2109:120 Aphorisms for Astrologers by Abraham ibn Ezra
1056:Indeed, Ibn Ezra is claimed by proponents of the
3379:
2115:Skyscript: The Life and Work of Abraham Ibn Ezra
2103:Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra's Commentary to the Torah
2082:, (2001), 11:1:91–149 Cambridge University Press
1306:, in answer to three chronological questions of
2063:Abraham ibn Ezra's Commentary to the Pentateuch
1776:had been inserted long after the time of Moses.
1650:
163:biblical commentators and philosophers of the
2269:
1984:The Sabbath Epistle of Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra
906:
2171:The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
2195:Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
1913:
1381:Translation of two works by the astrologer
27:12th-century Sephardic rabbi and astrologer
2276:
2262:
1882:
1268:, on the peculiarities of the numbers 1–9.
979:, as opposed to earlier thinkers' use of
913:
899:
1703:Lecture #13: R. Avraham ibn Ezra, Part I
2169:. In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.).
2164:
1919:"IBN EZRA, ABRAHAM BEN MEÏR (ABEN EZRA)"
1600:
1598:
1123:
966:
1246:
526:Maimonidean / Anti-Maimonidean
129:ר׳ אַבְרָהָם בֶּן מֵאִיר אִבְּן עֶזְרָא
14:
3380:
2220:Commentaries over the Torah at Sefaria
2173:. New York: Springer. pp. 553–5.
1617:
1163:"Book of Language Fundamentals" (1143)
2257:
2187:
2132:Juan de la Cuesta Hispanic Monographs
2007:, Pref. G. Vajda, Paris, ed Retz 1977
1756:
1754:
1735:
1733:
1595:
1982:Goodman, Mordechai S. (Translator),
1885:Sefer ṣohar le-ḥasifat ginzei teiman
1646:
1644:
1642:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
2048:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
145:
127:
24:
2016:American Federation of Astrologers
1931:
1751:
1730:
1193:"Book of Purified Language" (1146)
1167:Sefer Haganah 'al R. Sa'adyah Gaon
25:
3474:
3413:12th-century rabbis in al-Andalus
2149:
1941:, Penguin Classics, 2006, London
1917:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
1830:J. J. O'Connor; E. F. Robertson.
1639:
1528:
1136:
1067:as one of its earliest pioneers.
3015:Isaac ben Mordecai of Regensburg
2211:Ibn Ezra: Highlights of His Life
2206:
1939:The Penguin book of Hebrew verse
1927:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
1903:
1605:
1551:Chambers Biographical Dictionary
1479:Jewish commentaries on the Bible
1422:was named in honor of Ibn Ezra.
1236:, a small monograph on numerals.
202:
105:writing commentaries, grammarian
54:
3020:Ephraim ben Isaac of Regensburg
2051:, 2006. Accessed June 21, 2011.
2012:History of Horoscopic Astrology
1876:
1863:
1838:
1823:
1806:
1788:
1779:
1769:
1118:
944:Ibn Ezra was a close friend of
134:ʾAḇrāhām ben Mēʾīr ʾībən ʾĒzrāʾ
3158:Moses ben Isaac ben ha-Nessiah
3004:Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg
2842:Elhanan ben Isaac of Dampierre
2837:Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre
2167:"Ibn ʿEzra: Abraham ibn ʿEzra"
2080:Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
1726:. מוסד הרב קוק. p. 15-16.
1716:
1707:
1695:
1582:
1557:
1554:gives the dates 1092/93 – 1167
1516:
1259:
1242:(1158), a responsum on Shabbat
1153:, with no mention of Ibn Ezra.
470:Mansur ibn Sulayman al-Ghamari
13:
1:
2877:Samuel ben Solomon of Falaise
2772:Abraham ben Joseph of Orleans
2628:Abraham ben Isaac of Narbonne
2415:Shem Tov ben Abraham ibn Gaon
1998:Le monde juif et l'astrologie
1869:Robert Browning (1864/1969),
1509:
927:Jewish communities in Navarre
94:
73:
3463:Medieval Jewish philosophers
3362:Judah Leon ben Moses Mosconi
3275:Eliezer ben Samuel of Verona
2974:Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin
2733:Samson ben Joseph of Falaise
2283:
2190:"Ibn Ezra, Abraham Ben Meir"
1766:(KTAV Publishing House 2003)
1314:
685:Eliezer ben Elijah Ashkenazi
182:
7:
3428:Astrologers from Al-Andalus
3423:Medieval Jewish astrologers
3398:People from Tudela, Navarre
3238:Isaiah di Trani the Younger
2882:Judah ben Isaac Messer Leon
2634:Levi ben Abraham ben Hayyim
2502:Zerachiah ha-Levi of Girona
2421:Meir ben Solomon Abi-Sahula
2165:Rudavsky, Tamar M. (2007).
2143:The Jewish Quarterly Review
1832:"Abraham ben Meir ibn Ezra"
1814:"Isaiah and Deutero-Isaiah"
1457:
10:
3479:
3138:Eliyahu Menachem of London
3030:Eliezer ben Isaac ha-Gadol
2907:Elijah ben Menahem HaZaken
2852:Samson ben Abraham of Sens
2616:David ben Levi of Narbonne
1873:, reprint, London: Collins
1569:www.jewishencyclopedia.com
1385:: "She'elot" and "Qadrut".
1330:In seven books written in
1227:a work on the names of God
800:Menachem Mendel Schneerson
680:Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chelm
29:
3303:
3270:Moses ben Meir of Ferrara
3216:
3181:
3148:Jacob ben Judah of London
3113:
2920:
2887:Joseph ben Samuel Bonfils
2692:
2566:
2464:
2340:
2291:
1474:Jewish views of astrology
1441:
1409:
1389:
710:Simcha Bunim of Peshischa
503:Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat
261:Aristobulus of Alexandria
149:Ibrāhim al-Mājid ibn Ezra
137:
128:
120:Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra
109:
101:
90:
69:
53:
45:
41:
18:Abraham ben Meir ibn Ezra
3347:Isaac ben Jacob ha-Lavan
3337:Isaac ben Samuel of Acre
2857:Isaac ben Eliezer Halevi
2787:Haim ben Hananel HaCohen
2755:Moses ben Jacob of Coucy
2679:Aaron ben Jacob ha-Kohen
2327:Samuel ben Jacob ibn Jam
2029:Jewish Virtual Library,
1960:"Rabbi Avraham Ibn Ezra"
1308:David ben Joseph Narboni
1253:Yesod Mora Vesod Hatorah
962:
675:Joseph Solomon Delmedigo
3458:Jewish liturgical poets
3438:Philosophers of Judaism
3433:Medieval Navarrese Jews
3203:Avigdor Cohen of Vienna
3095:Isaac ben Asher ha-Levi
3040:Yehuda HaKohen ben Meir
2986:Eliezer ben Joel HaLevi
2930:Meshullam ben Kalonymus
2188:Levey, Martin (2008) .
2026:. Cf. pp. 132–135.
2000:, Ed Arché, Milan, 1985
1979:. Cf. pp. 247–250.
1924:The Jewish Encyclopedia
1632:Encyclopædia Britannica
146:إبراهيم المجيد ابن عزرا
136:, often abbreviated as
3075:Jacob ben Judah Landau
3070:Joel ben Isaac ha-Levi
3045:Meir ben Baruch Halevi
2654:Abraham of Montpellier
2525:Simeon ben Zemah Duran
1284:, astronomical tables.
1097:philosophy of religion
1082:
991:Judah ben David Hayyuj
972:
735:Isaac Orobio de Castro
705:Shneur Zalman of Liadi
402:Shem-Tov ibn Falaquera
3448:Grammarians of Hebrew
3290:Isaac ben Melchizedek
3285:Joseph Colon Trabotto
2970:(Maharam MeRotenberg)
2630:(Raavad II, HaEshkol)
2404:Isaac ben Moses Arama
2332:Shemariah ben Elhanan
2307:Chananel ben Chushiel
2157:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1665:10.1353/ale.2006.0006
1523:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1484:Kabbalistic astrology
1324:Mishpetai ha-Mazzelot
1124:Biblical commentaries
1078:
970:
745:Samuel David Luzzatto
715:Samson Raphael Hirsch
336:Spanish and European:
304:Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
3367:Nethanel ben Isaiah
3352:Nathan ben Abraham I
3244:Obadiah of Bertinoro
2962:Mordechai ben Hillel
2902:Shemaiah of Soissons
2071:Tesis doctoral (UCM)
1745:www.sacred-texts.com
1588:Mordechai Z. Cohen,
1489:Astrology in Judaism
1383:Mashallah ibn Athari
1247:Religious philosophy
1223:("Book of the Name")
1073:protocanonical books
447:Judah Leon Abravanel
3256:(Shibbolei HaLeket)
3173:Berechiah de Nicole
3123:Aaron of Canterbury
3105:Isaac Asir HaTikvah
3080:Samuel ben Natronai
3035:Judah ben Kalonymus
3000:(Hagahot Maimuniot)
2703:Rabbi Abin ha-Gadol
2649:Asher ben Meshullam
2644:Meshullam ben Jacob
2604:Isaac ben Abba Mari
2558:Judah ben Barzillai
2061:Levine, Etan. Ed.,
2041:Langermann, Tzvi, "
2003:Halbronn, Jacques,
1996:Halbronn, Jacques,
1971:, Routledge, 2005.
1542:Jewish Encyclopedia
1464:Rabbinic literature
1191:Sefer Safah Berurah
1111:ideas prevail; and
877:Microcosm–macrocosm
795:Joseph Soloveitchik
465:Natan'el al-Fayyumi
266:Philo of Alexandria
190:Part of a series on
3453:Jewish astronomers
3418:Medieval Hebraists
3403:Bible commentators
3357:Hillel ben Eliakim
3327:Zerahiah the Greek
3321:Tobiah ben Eliezer
3193:(Terumat HaDeshen)
3025:Samson ben Eliezer
2980:Eliezer ben Nathan
2968:Meir of Rothenburg
2937:(Rabbeinu Gershom)
2912:Ephraim ben Samson
2832:Eliezer of Touques
2743:Eliezer ben Samuel
2738:Yom Tov of Falaise
2610:Abraham ben Nathan
2406:(Akeidat Yitzchak)
2344:(except Catalonia)
2229:Ben Yehuda Project
2035:Johansson, Nadja,
2010:Holden, James H.,
1800:text.rcarabbis.org
1760:Jay F. Schachter,
1290:, on the calendar.
1061:biblical criticism
973:
790:Abraham Isaac Kook
770:Monsieur Chouchani
372:Joseph ibn Tzaddik
342:Hasdai ibn Shaprut
309:Ismaili philosophy
299:Brethren of Purity
3375:
3374:
3332:Isaac ben Dorbolo
3295:Judah Messer Leon
3280:Hillel ben Samuel
3226:Nathan ben Jehiel
3168:Yom Tov of Joigny
3055:Israel of Bamberg
3006:(Yehudah haHasid)
2935:Gershom ben Judah
2892:Menahem ben Helbo
2802:Peretz ben Elijah
2782:Judah ben Yom Tov
2713:List of Tosafists
2696:(except Provence)
2684:Jonathan of Lunel
2674:Isaac of Narbonne
2669:Samuel ibn Tibbon
2581:Abraham ben David
2519:Isaac ben Sheshet
2490:Shlomo ibn Aderet
2431:Maimon ben Joseph
2426:Isaac ibn Ghiyyat
2372:Joseph ibn Migash
2317:Zechariah Aghmati
2312:Dunash ben Labrat
2252:
2251:
2180:978-0-387-31022-0
2113:skyscript.co.uk,
2107:skyscript.co.uk,
2101:Siegel, Eliezer,
1992:978-1-60280-111-0
1947:978-0-14-042467-6
1937:Carmi, T. (ed.),
1871:Dramatis Personae
1525:, pages 1163–1164
1504:Abenezra (crater)
1499:Islamic astrology
1370:Sefer ha-Mivharim
1364:Sefer ha-She'elot
1294:Keli ha-Nechoshet
1215:Dunash ben Labrat
923:
922:
760:Eliezer Berkovits
750:Elijah Benamozegh
740:Moses Mendelssohn
655:Francisco Sanches
614:Reconstructionist
417:Isaac ben Sheshet
412:Moses of Narbonne
392:Samuel ibn Tibbon
352:Abraham bar Hiyya
196:Jewish philosophy
173:Taifa of Zaragoza
167:. He was born in
117:
116:
84:Taifa of Zaragoza
43:Abraham ibn Ezra
32:Abenezra (crater)
16:(Redirected from
3470:
3249:Menahem Recanati
3191:Israel Isserlein
3085:Alexander Suslin
3010:Yaakov ben Yakar
2992:Eleazar of Worms
2950:Asher ben Jehiel
2941:Simeon bar Isaac
2872:Samuel of Évreux
2847:Baruch ben Isaac
2822:Samson of Chinon
2817:Jacob of Orléans
2792:Yechiel of Paris
2761:Judah ben Nathan
2749:Isaac ben Samuel
2728:Solomon ben Meir
2639:Moshe ha-Darshan
2622:Moses ben Joseph
2576:Hachmei Provence
2543:Azriel of Gerona
2539:(Nimmukei Yosef)
2537:Joseph ibn Habib
2533:(Maggid Mishneh)
2498:(Rabbeinu Yonah)
2484:Nissim of Gerona
2441:Abraham ibn Daud
2410:Rabbenu Yerucham
2384:Bahya ibn Paquda
2366:Yom Tov Asevilli
2361:Abraham ibn Ezra
2322:Nissim ben Jacob
2278:
2271:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2234:
2233:
2216:
2203:
2200:Encyclopedia.com
2184:
2137:Walfish, Barry,
2043:Abraham Ibn Ezra
2031:Abraham Ibn Ezra
1958:Epstein, Meira,
1928:
1907:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1880:
1874:
1867:
1861:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1792:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1737:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1648:
1637:
1636:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1561:
1555:
1539:
1526:
1520:
1494:Hebrew astronomy
1435:Dramatis Personæ
1358:Sefer ha-Me'orot
1352:Sefer ha-Moladot
1346:Sefer ha-Te'amim
1304:Shalosh She'elot
1209:, in defense of
1013:while living in
915:
908:
901:
818:
775:Emmanuel Levinas
566:
397:Joseph ben Judah
377:Abraham ibn Ezra
367:Abraham ibn Daud
357:Bahya ibn Paquda
324:Rabbinic Judaism
286:
217:
206:
187:
186:
151:; also known as
147:
139:
132:
130:
96:
75:
58:
47:
39:
38:
21:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3443:Sephardi rabbis
3378:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3316:Elijah Mizrachi
3311:Isaac Abarbanel
3299:
3232:Isaiah di Trani
3212:
3197:Isaac of Vienna
3177:
3163:Moses of London
3153:Josce of London
3143:Hagin Deulacres
3133:Elias of London
3109:
3100:Simha of Speyer
3065:Judah ben Asher
3060:Ephraim of Bonn
2956:Jacob ben Asher
2916:
2867:Moses of Évreux
2862:Meir ben Samuel
2827:Jacob of Chinon
2807:Eliezer of Toul
2777:Elijah of Paris
2688:
2664:Isaac the Blind
2562:
2553:Judah ben Yakar
2531:Vidal of Tolosa
2460:
2451:Jonah ibn Janah
2394:David Abudirham
2389:Bahya ben Asher
2336:
2287:
2282:
2248:
2246:
2225:Poems in Hebrew
2181:
2152:
2091:, Brill, 2003.
1934:
1932:Further reading
1915:Singer, Isidore
1904:
1901:
1900:
1881:
1877:
1868:
1864:
1843:
1839:
1828:
1824:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1770:
1759:
1752:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1649:
1640:
1619:Bacher, William
1606:
1604:
1603:
1596:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1540:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1460:
1444:
1426:Robert Browning
1412:
1402:poetic form of
1392:
1317:
1288:Sefer ha-'Ibbur
1272:Sefer ha-Mispar
1262:
1249:
1240:Iggeret Shabbat
1203:
1151:Eshkol ha-Kofer
1139:
1130:Sefer ha-Yashar
1126:
1121:
1035:
965:
919:
890:
889:
886:
819:
816:
809:
808:
805:
804:
785:Gershom Scholem
765:Eliyahu Dessler
644:
643:
567:
562:
555:
554:
551:
550:
513:
512:
475:
474:
452:
451:
442:Isaac Abarbanel
432:Elia del Medigo
329:
328:
287:
282:
275:
274:
271:
270:
250:
249:
218:
213:
185:
86:
77:
65:
49:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3476:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3318:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3229:
3222:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3187:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2959:
2958:(Baal HaTurim)
2953:
2947:
2938:
2932:
2926:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2699:
2697:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2613:
2607:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2584:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2508:Hasdai Crescas
2505:
2499:
2493:
2487:
2481:
2479:Menachem Meiri
2476:
2470:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2446:Moses ibn Ezra
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2407:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2297:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2281:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2249:
2237:
2232:
2231:
2222:
2217:
2207:Roth, Norman.
2204:
2185:
2179:
2162:
2151:
2150:External links
2148:
2147:
2146:
2135:
2134:, 2004. 47–58.
2124:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2085:Sela, Shlomo,
2083:
2074:Sela, Shlomo,
2072:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1980:
1963:
1956:
1953:Hebrew Studies
1949:
1933:
1930:
1899:
1898:
1875:
1862:
1837:
1822:
1805:
1787:
1778:
1768:
1750:
1729:
1715:
1706:
1701:Avigail Rock,
1694:
1638:
1627:Chisholm, Hugh
1594:
1581:
1556:
1527:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1469:List of rabbis
1466:
1459:
1456:
1443:
1440:
1430:Rabbi ben Ezra
1411:
1408:
1398:, he used the
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1343:
1328:
1327:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1301:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1269:
1266:Sefer ha-Ekhad
1261:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1218:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1188:
1182:
1181:'s criticisms.
1164:
1157:Sefer ha-Yesod
1154:
1143:Sefer Moznayim
1138:
1137:Hebrew grammar
1135:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1069:Baruch Spinoza
1034:
1031:
964:
961:
957:Moses ibn Ezra
921:
920:
918:
917:
910:
903:
895:
892:
891:
888:
887:
885:
884:
879:
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869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
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820:
815:
814:
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810:
807:
806:
803:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
720:Jacob Abendana
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
690:Tzvi Ashkenazi
687:
682:
677:
672:
670:Salomon Maimon
667:
665:Baruch Spinoza
662:
660:Uriel da Costa
657:
651:
647:
645:
642:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
609:Existentialist
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
575:
571:
568:
561:
560:
557:
556:
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467:
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450:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
422:Hasdai Crescas
419:
414:
409:
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394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
338:
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331:
330:
327:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
295:
293:Influenced by:
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272:
269:
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263:
257:
253:
251:
248:
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226:
222:
219:
212:
211:
208:
207:
199:
198:
192:
191:
184:
181:
115:
114:
113:Isaac ben Ezra
111:
107:
106:
103:
102:Known for
99:
98:
92:
88:
87:
78:
71:
67:
66:
59:
51:
50:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3475:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
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3348:
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3340:
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3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3260:Benjamin Anaw
3258:
3255:
3254:Zedekiah Anaw
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
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3186:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3128:Aaron of York
3126:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
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3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
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3048:
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3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
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3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
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2969:
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2963:
2960:
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2928:
2927:
2925:
2923:
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2913:
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2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
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2888:
2885:
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2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2812:Chaim Paltiel
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
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2783:
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2548:Moshe Chalava
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2517:
2514:
2513:Aharon HaLevi
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2504:(Baal HaMaor)
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2496:Yonah Gerondi
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2378:Meir Abulafia
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2097:90-04-12973-1
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2024:0-86690-463-8
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2017:
2013:
2009:
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1977:0-415-96930-1
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1910:public domain
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1854:0-7923-6242-X
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1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1396:Yehuda Halevi
1384:
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1377:
1376:Sefer ha-Olam
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
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1340:Reshit Hokhma
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1147:Judah Hadassi
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882:Righteousness
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863:
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832:Chosen people
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725:Isaac Cardoso
723:
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700:Samuel Hirsch
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488:Isaac Israeli
486:
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175:(present-day
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93:
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85:
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72:
68:
63:
57:
52:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3408:Jewish poets
3388:1080s births
3323:(Lekach Tov)
3208:Isaac Tyrnau
3050:Israel Bruna
2998:Meir HaKohen
2751:(Ri HaZaken)
2718:Rabbeinu Tam
2659:Joseph Caspi
2456:Abraham Saba
2360:
2356:Judah Halevi
2301:Isaac Alfasi
2293:North Africa
2212:
2209:
2193:
2170:
2156:
2142:
2127:
2120:
2087:
2079:
2062:
2055:
2046:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1983:
1967:
1952:
1938:
1922:
1902:
1884:
1878:
1870:
1865:
1848:, Springer.
1845:
1840:
1825:
1808:
1799:
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1781:
1771:
1761:
1744:
1723:
1718:
1709:
1697:
1659:(6): 13–55.
1656:
1652:
1630:
1589:
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1568:
1559:
1549:
1541:
1522:
1518:
1452:Judah Halevi
1450:, alongside
1445:
1433:
1424:
1413:
1393:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1329:
1323:
1318:
1303:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1276:Yesod Mispar
1275:
1271:
1265:
1252:
1239:
1234:Yesod Mispar
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1206:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1175:Saadyah Gaon
1170:
1166:
1161:Yesod Diqduq
1160:
1156:
1150:
1142:
1129:
1119:Bibliography
1100:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1055:
1036:
1023:
995:
985:
981:Judeo-Arabic
974:
954:
946:Judah Halevi
943:
939:
924:
780:Martin Buber
648:
599:Conservative
572:
519:
481:
458:
376:
362:Judah Halevi
335:
314:Jewish Kalam
292:
254:
223:
156:
152:
148:
133:
119:
118:
36:
3393:1167 deaths
3228:(the Aruch)
2964:(Mordechai)
2897:Simeon Kara
2767:Bechor Shor
2618:(HaMichtam)
2593:David Kimhi
2474:Nachmanides
2417:(Migdal Oz)
2399:Joseph Albo
2374:(Ri Migash)
1414:The crater
1260:Mathematics
1211:Saadia Gaon
1207:Sefat Yeter
1173:defense of
1109:neoplatonic
1047:rationalism
1043:Kabbalistic
837:Eschatology
730:David Nieto
695:Jacob Emden
629:Neo-Hasidic
508:Ibn Kammuna
498:al-Mukkamas
493:Saadia Gaon
427:Joseph Albo
387:Nachmanides
347:Ibn Gabirol
215:Hellenistic
165:Middle Ages
97:1164 - 1167
76:1089 - 1092
3382:Categories
3342:Moses Taku
3265:Judah Anav
3199:(Or Zarua)
3090:Jacob Weil
2612:(HaManhig)
2587:Gersonides
2527:(Tashbatz)
2351:Maimonides
2056:KronoScope
1856:. See pp.
1510:References
1404:Muwashshah
1101:Yesod Mora
1011:Pentateuch
755:Moses Hess
573:Positions:
520:Positions:
437:Judah Minz
407:Gersonides
382:Maimonides
245:Boethusian
224:Positions:
155:or simply
3304:Elsewhere
2994:(Rokeach)
2988:(Raavyah)
2982:(Ra'aven)
2976:(Maharil)
2606:(HaIttur)
2599:Abba Mari
2466:Catalonia
1955:42:67-80.
1724:שפה ברורה
1689:170244695
1673:1565-1525
1621:(1911). "
1428:'s poem "
1315:Astrology
1298:astrolabe
1296:, on the
1169:, (1143)
1113:astrology
1027:astrolabe
988:exegetist
867:Holocaust
857:Happiness
639:Rambamist
619:Holocaust
594:Chassidic
584:Sephardic
531:Kabbalist
459:Yemenite:
235:Sadducean
230:Hasmonean
183:Biography
140:;
62:astrolabe
2745:(Yereim)
2589:(Ralbag)
2583:(Raavad)
2568:Provence
2521:(Rivash)
2492:(Rashba)
2285:Rishonim
2018:, 2006.
1893:15417732
1681:40385893
1623:Abenezra
1592:, p. 209
1458:See also
1416:Abenezra
1213:against
1185:Tzakhoot
1177:against
1039:Rabbinic
862:Holiness
579:Orthodox
546:Tosafist
541:Talmudic
319:Kabbalah
284:Medieval
240:Pharisee
157:Ibn Ezra
153:Abenezra
110:Children
3183:Austria
3115:England
2922:Germany
2763:(Rivan)
2757:(Semag)
2723:Rashbam
2624:(Rambi)
2595:(Radak)
2515:(Ra'ah)
2380:(Ramah)
2368:(Ritva)
1912::
1860:et seq.
1629:(ed.).
1616::
1574:May 22,
1418:on the
1332:Béziers
1149:in his
1063:of the
1051:Midrash
1019:Genesis
1007:Nevi'im
1003:Ketuvim
999:Kohelet
950:Baghdad
935:Córdoba
872:Messiah
649:People:
624:Renewal
536:Karaism
255:People:
177:Navarre
131:
48:
3240:(Riaz)
2952:(Rosh)
2694:France
2177:
2159:(2007)
2095:
2022:
1990:
1975:
1945:
1891:
1852:
1687:
1679:
1671:
1625:". In
1610:
1546:online
1442:Burial
1410:Legacy
1400:Arabic
1390:Poetry
1282:Luchot
1179:Adonim
1105:London
1058:higher
977:Hebrew
842:Ethics
817:Topics
634:Mussar
604:Reform
589:Chabad
564:Modern
482:Other:
169:Tudela
161:Jewish
142:Arabic
124:Hebrew
80:Tudela
3234:(Rid)
3218:Italy
2945:Mainz
2797:Rivam
2708:Rashi
2486:(Ran)
2342:Spain
2303:(Rif)
2121:Aleph
2078:, in
1817:(PDF)
1685:S2CID
1677:JSTOR
1653:Aleph
1448:Cabul
1159:, or
1065:Torah
1015:Lucca
963:Works
931:emirs
847:Faith
827:Anger
138:ראב"ע
46:ראב"ע
2175:ISBN
2093:ISBN
2020:ISBN
1988:ISBN
1973:ISBN
1943:ISBN
1889:OCLC
1850:ISBN
1669:ISSN
1576:2019
1420:Moon
1005:and
91:Died
70:Born
2943:of
2227:at
2045:",
1858:158
1661:doi
1548:);
1274:or
852:God
179:).
3384::
2198:.
2192:.
2141:,
2014:,
1921:.
1798:.
1753:^
1743:.
1732:^
1683:.
1675:.
1667:.
1655:.
1641:^
1597:^
1567:.
1530:^
1454:.
1406:.
1029:.
1021:.
959:.
171:,
144::
126::
95:c.
82:,
74:c.
2277:e
2270:t
2263:v
2215:.
2202:.
2183:.
1895:.
1834:.
1819:.
1802:.
1747:.
1691:.
1663::
1657:6
1578:.
1544:(
1437:.
1310:.
1300:.
1229:.
1225:,
1195:.
1171:a
914:e
907:t
900:v
122:(
64:.
34:.
20:)
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