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trails are linked to major cities or towns by bus, accounting for their popular use. The
Murraywatte, Mookuwatte and Malimboda routes are seldom used but do intersect with the Palabaddala road midway through the ascent. The usual route taken by most pilgrims is ascent via Hatton and descent via Ratnapura. Although the Hatton trail is the steepest, it is also shorter than any of the other trails by approximately five kilometres.
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Once one of the starting 'nodes' of
Palabadalla, Nallathanni or Erathna is reached, the rest of the ascent is done on foot through the forested mountainside on the steps built into it. The greater part of the track leading from the base to the summit consists of thousands of steps built in cement or
610:
rough stones. The trails are illuminated with electric light during the six-months period considered in-season, making night-time ascent possible and safe to do even when accompanied by children. Rest stops and wayside shops along the trails serve refreshments and supplies during the same period.
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For a long period Adam's Peak was supposed to be the highest mountain in Ceylon, but actual survey makes it only 7353 ft. above sea-level. This elevation is chiefly remarkable as the resort of pilgrims from all parts of the East. The hollow in the lofty rock that crowns the summit is said by the
605:
Access to the mountain is possible by 6 trails: Ratnapura–Palabaddala, Hatton–Nallathanni, Kuruwita–Erathna, Murraywatte, Mookuwatte and
Malimboda. The Nallathanni and Palabaddala routes are most favoured by those undertaking the climb, while the Kuruwita–Erathna trail is used less often. These
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and 32 km (20 mi) southwest of Hatton. The surrounding region is largely forested hills, with no mountain of comparable size nearby. The region along the mountain is a wildlife reserve, housing many species varying from elephants to leopards, and including many endemic species.
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in 1344 CE. In his description, he mentions a stairway and iron stanchions with chains to help the pilgrims. The first ascent of the peak by an
Englishman was made by Lieutenant William Malcolm of the 1st Ceylon Regiment on 26 April 1815, from the
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Adam's Peak is important as a watershed. The districts to the south and the east of Adam's Peak yield precious stones—emeralds, rubies and sapphires, for which the island has been famous, and which earned for it the ancient name of
Ratnadvipa.
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A shrine to Saman, a
Buddhist deity (people who have spent spiritual lives during their life on earth and done pacificist service are deified by Sri Lankan Buddhists) charged with protecting the mountain top, can be found near the footprint.
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season is in April, and the goal is to be on top of the mountain at sunrise when the distinctive shape of the mountain casts a triangular shadow on the surrounding plain and can be seen to move quickly downward as the sun rises.
841:. It has specific qualities that cause it to stand out and be noticed, including its dominant and outstanding profile, and the boulder at the peak containing an indentation resembling a footprint. According to the
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states that King
Valagamba (1st century BCE) had taken refuge in the forests of Adam's Peak against invaders from India, and later returned to Anuradhapura. The famous Chinese pilgrim and Buddhist traveller
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It is an important pilgrimage site, especially for
Buddhists. Pilgrims walk up the mountain, following a variety of difficult routes up thousands of steps. The journey takes several hours at least.
763:(1058–1114) to the mountain. King Vijayabahu I's Ambagamuwa rock inscription records that the king himself ascended the mountain and worshipped the Buddha's footprint on the mountain.
668:, left when first setting foot on Earth after having been cast out of paradise, giving it the name "Adam's Peak". Sri Lankan Hindu tradition refers to the footprint as that of the
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For
Buddhists, the footprint mark is the left foot of the Buddha, left behind when Buddha visited Sri Lanka, as a symbol for worship at the invitation of the Buddhist god Saman.
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The mountain is most often scaled from
December to May. During other months it is hard to climb the mountain due to very heavy rain, extreme wind, and thick mist. The peak
893:. The footstep is covered by a handsome roof, and is guarded by the priests of a rich monastery half-way up the mountain, who maintain a shrine on the summit of the peak.
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stayed in Sri Lanka in 411–12 CE and mentions Sri Pada although it is not made clear whether he actually visited it. The Mahawamsa again mentions the visit of
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801:, visited the peak in 1817. He recorded observing an oversized footprint carved in stone and ornamented with a single margin of brass and studded with gems.
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A bell lies on top of the temple and tradition holds that pilgrims can ring it as many times as they have achieved the pilgrimage to the top of the peak.
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Due to its multicultural and religious significance to the various people that inhabit the country, the mountain is referred to by a variety of names.
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of 1298 CE noted that Adam's Peak was an important place of pilgrimage but did not mention a footprint in the rock. The Arab traveler
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1410:"A description of Adam's Peak. By John Davy, M.D. F.R.S. In a letter addressed to Sir Humphry Davy F.R.S. LL.D. Colombo May 1st 1817"
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List of Inscriptions on Tombstones and Monuments in Ceylon of Historical or Local Interest with an Obituary of Persons Uncommemorated
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707:) that frequent the mountain during their annual migrations to the region. The name Sri Paada, however, is the more commonly used.
444:, which states that the Buddha preached this sutra on top of the mountain. According to this sutra, the mountain was the abode of
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656:, and may be translated roughly as "the sacred foot". It refers to the footprint-shaped mark at the summit, which is believed by
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1325:(in French and Arabic). Translated by Defrémery, C.; Sanguinetti, B.R. Paris: Société Asiatique. pp. 179–182.
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378:, 'sacred footprint'), a 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) rock formation near the summit whose name is also
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A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms: With Sanskrit and English Equivalents and a Sanskrit-Pali Index,
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sources include Mount Lanka, Ratnagiri (Mountain of Gems), Malayagiri (Mount Malaya) or Mount Rohana.
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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1343:. Translated by Gibb, H.A.R.; Beckingham, C.F. London: Hakluyt Society. pp. 853–854.
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Adam's Peak: Legendary, Traditional, and Historic Notices of the Samanala and Srí Páda
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1186:"Rāvanā & Sinhala Buddhism: A Strained Relationship Ridden With Contradictions"
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The village of Nallathanniya at the foot of the mountain, where the stairs begin
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The mountain is located in the southern reaches of the Central Highlands in the
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Whilst there are many ancient monuments on the mountain, there is an important
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LITERATURE, CONVERSION, AND THE ARABIC COSMOPOLIS OF SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA
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Sri Pada (Adam's Peak) in 1890, during the British rule in Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
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1457:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 778.
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and also goes by various names associated with this, including
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998:. It is also fabled that the mountain is the legendary mount
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1395:, Colombo: H. C. Cottle, Government Printer, 1913, p. 422.
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Roaming Free Like a Deer: Buddhism and the Natural World,
471:("Mountain of Saman" or "Mountain of the Butterflies").
1059:"Sri Pada - Buddhism's Most Sacred Mountain, Sri Lanka"
1308:(3rd ed.). London: John Murray. pp. 316–330.
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climbed to the summit of the mountain which he called
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in a religious context; this name also has meaning in
1341:
The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325–1354 (Volume 4)
1152:"Sri Lanka: The Axis Mundi and the Cradle of Mankind"
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side; his account of the ascent was published in the
1371:. University of California Press. pp. 242–243.
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The mountain is also seen as the abode of the deity
746:Sri Pada is mentioned in the 5th-century chronicle
515:Adam's Peak is the source of three major rivers in
86:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
821:Conical shadow of Adam's Peak at sunrise (6:34 am)
503:—lying about 40 km (25 mi) northeast of
412:, means 'Mountain of Shiva's Light'), and in some
1102:"Seruwila to Sri Pada (Sacred Foot Print Shrine)"
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1319:Sanguinetti, B.R.; Defrémery, C., eds. (1858).
350:is a 2,243 m (7,359 ft) tall conical
1510:
255:
2422:Tourist attractions in Sabaragamuwa Province
1254:
1129:. University of Chicago Press. p. 136.
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1171:William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous.
994:Tamil Hindus consider it the footprint of
959:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
573:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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15:
1517:
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483:Adam's Peak from Maskeliya, in March 2018.
195:
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2135:Buddhist and Pali University of Sri Lanka
1524:
1490:Sri Pada: Buddhism's most sacred mountain
979:Learn how and when to remove this message
593:Learn how and when to remove this message
146:Learn how and when to remove this message
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24:This is an accepted version of this page
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710:Other local and historic names include
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2412:Buddhist pilgrimage sites in Sri Lanka
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1159:Berkeley Institute for Islamic Studies
435:in Buddhist sources, particularly the
386:tradition the print is held to be the
1945:Sri Piyaratana Tissa Mahanayake Thero
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1305:The Book of Ser Marco Polo (Volume 2)
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957:adding citations to reliable sources
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571:adding citations to reliable sources
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84:adding citations to reliable sources
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2417:Hindu pilgrimage sites in Sri Lanka
1414:The Journal of Science and the Arts
1385:
797:, brother of the noted chemist Sir
699:, which refers either to the deity
452:and ruler of Laṅkā. Other names in
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1465:
1272:Manjula, H.A.K.L. (5 March 2021).
804:
193:2,243 m (7,359 ft)
49:
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1339:; Beckingham, C.F., eds. (1994).
1322:Voyages d'Ibn Batoutah (Volume 4)
1076:
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726:and other variations on the root
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2191:Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
1970:Mapalagama Wipulasara Maha Thera
1742:
1478:. Colombo, Ceylon: W.L.H. Skeen.
1431:
1261:. Artibus Asiae. pp. 11–22.
929:
825:It is revered as a holy site by
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2397:Landforms of Ratnapura District
1920:Balangoda Ananda Maitreya Thero
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684:. Tamils may also use the name
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71:needs additional citations for
2276:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
1915:Weliwita Sri Saranankara Thero
1226:
1204:
1178:
1175:p. 402. Psychology Press, 2003
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676:, and thus names the mountain
431:The mountain is also known as
13:
1:
1960:Hikkaduwe Sri Sumangala Thera
1369:The Adventures of Ibn Battuta
1039:
617:located halfway up, built by
1955:Migettuwatte Gunananda Thera
1910:Thotagamuwe Sri Rahula Thera
1826:Dimbulagala Raja Maha Vihara
1544:Bellanwila Rajamaha Viharaya
474:
380:used for the mountain itself
7:
2260:Sri Lankan Forest Tradition
2023:Charles Alwis Hewavitharana
1029:List of rivers of Sri Lanka
1022:
1012:from where he ruled Lanka.
917:A view of Adam's peak from
366:
358:. It is well known for the
177:Adam's Peak from a distance
10:
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908:
733:
688:to refer to the mountain.
467:("Sumana's Mountain") and
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2306:Ellawala Medhananda Thero
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2028:Don Carolis Hewavitharana
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1255:Paranavitana, S. (1958).
1091:Cornell University Press.
722:("the climb to heaven"),
695:name for the mountain is
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2311:Athuraliye Rathana Thero
1950:Wariyapola Sri Sumangala
1867:Maligawila Buddha statue
1800:Buddha Jayanthi Chaithya
1274:"Sri Pada (Adam's Peak)"
1150:Muhammad, Bilal (2018).
31:latest accepted revision
2407:Two-thousanders of Asia
2018:Walisinghe Harischandra
1930:Madihe Pannaseeha Thero
1472:Skeen, William (1870).
1454:Encyclopædia Britannica
1087:Capper, Daniel (2022),
844:Encyclopædia Britannica
388:footprint of the Buddha
2392:Mountains of Sri Lanka
1965:Gangodawila Soma Thero
1258:The god of Adam's Peak
922:
895:
857:to be the footstep of
822:
814:
743:
634:
484:
257:ශ්රී පාදය (සමනළ කන්ද)
2442:Mountains in Hinduism
2427:Buddhism in Sri Lanka
1857:Avukana Buddha statue
1526:Buddhism in Sri Lanka
1123:Ricci, Ronit (2011).
916:
850:
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812:
766:The Italian merchant
741:
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497:Sabaragamuwa Province
493:Nuwara Eliya District
482:
51:Mountain in Sri Lanka
2447:Legendary footprints
2372:Sri Lanka portal
2281:Jathika Hela Urumaya
2196:Kandy Esala Perahera
2170:Dharmapala Vidyalaya
2068:Nissanka Wijeyeratne
2063:Neranjan Wijeyeratne
2048:Don Baron Jayatilaka
2013:Anagarika Dharmapala
1821:Dambulla cave temple
953:improve this section
686:Shivanolipatha Malai
567:improve this section
228:6.80944°N 80.49972°E
80:improve this article
2359:Religion portal
1925:Henepola Gunaratana
1770:Somawathiya Chaitya
1695:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
1642:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
1584:Temple of the Tooth
718:("Peak of Saman"),
714:("jewelled hill"),
420:traditions that of
410:Sivanolipaathamalai
354:located in central
224: /
21:Page version status
2437:Islam in Sri Lanka
2231:Vesak in Sri Lanka
2165:Maliyadeva College
2155:Dharmasoka College
2145:Dharmaraja College
2084:Henry Steel Olcott
1549:Gangaramaya Temple
923:
823:
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791:Government Gazette
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680:(Shiva's foot) in
660:to be that of the
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489:Ratnapura District
485:
448:, overlord of the
394:tradition that of
322:Ratnapura District
183:Highest point
27:
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2291:Champika Ranawaka
2255:Diyawadana Nilame
2211:Kataragama deviyo
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2096:
2053:K. N. Jayatilleke
1975:Nyanaponika Thera
1935:Narada Maha Thera
1880:
1879:
1738:
1737:
1350:978-0-904180-37-4
1190:Colombo Telegraph
1136:978-0-226-71088-4
1063:www.buddhanet.net
1002:, the capital of
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761:King Vijayabahu I
619:Nipponzan Myohoji
603:
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441:Lankavatara Sutra
402:(its Tamil name,
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2296:Udaya Gammanpila
2114:Amarapura Nikāya
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846:Eleventh Edition
793:on 10 May 1815.
650:Sinhalese people
644:is derived from
633:Mahagiri Dambaya
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1994:Notable figures
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1852:Toluvila statue
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1795:Kiribath Vehera
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97: –
96:
95:"Adam's Peak"
92:
91:Find sources:
85:
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69:This article
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40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
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2077:Philosophers
1842:Buduruvagala
1809:Cave temples
1753:Architecture
1710:Lovamahapaya
1632:Muthiyangana
1616:
1574:Seema Malaka
1474:
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1337:Gibb, H.A.R.
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1290:
1280:29 September
1278:. Retrieved
1267:
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1238:. Retrieved
1228:
1218:28 September
1206:
1194:. Retrieved
1189:
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1104:. UNESCO.org
1096:
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1066:. Retrieved
1062:
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975:
966:
951:Please help
939:
899:
896:
851:
843:
824:
799:Humphry Davy
781:
771:
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724:Mount Rohana
723:
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625:Nomenclature
615:Peace Pagoda
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565:Please help
553:
525:Walawe River
521:Kelani River
514:
510:
486:
468:
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458:
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433:Mount Malaya
432:
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360:
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347:
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336:Parent range
142:
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109:
102:
90:
78:Please help
73:verification
70:
53:
38:
29:This is the
23:
2109:Siam Nikaya
2058:George Keyt
1980:Nyanatiloka
1899:Sanghamitta
1790:Naka Vihara
1775:Isurumuniya
1705:Thuparamaya
1687:Atamasthana
1677:Kiri Vehera
1672:Sela Cetiya
1657:Thuparamaya
1622:Diva Guhava
1602:Mahiyangana
1579:Sithulpawwa
1296:Yule, Henry
1240:25 February
889:, queen of
871:Mahommedans
833:, and some
778:Ibn Battuta
716:Samantakuta
678:Shiva padam
348:Adam's Peak
324:, Sri Lanka
315:Adam's Peak
249:Native name
231: /
206:Coordinates
161:Adam's Peak
2386:Categories
2221:Vibhishana
1985:S. Mahinda
1905:Maliyadeva
1862:Gal Vihara
1725:Mirisaveti
1715:Abhayagiri
1662:Abhayagiri
1647:Mirisaveti
1554:Kataragama
1406:Davy, John
1234:"Sri Pada"
1216:Retrieved
1040:References
902:pilgrimage
839:Christians
768:Marco Polo
752:Rajavaliya
705:samanalayā
529:Kalu Ganga
527:, and the
465:Sumanakūta
450:Raskshasas
426:St. Thomas
219:80°29′59″E
106:newspapers
2432:Theravada
2244:Culavamsa
2237:Mahavamsa
2128:Education
2001:Buddhists
1872:Reswehera
1835:Sculpture
1816:Vessagiri
1730:Lankarama
1627:Dighavapi
1564:Mihintale
1367:(2005) .
1196:8 January
1108:25 August
1068:8 January
940:does not
919:Maskeliya
879:St Thomas
869:, by the
863:Buddhists
861:, by the
827:Buddhists
795:John Davy
787:Ratnapura
748:Mahawamsa
712:Ratnagiri
658:Buddhists
621:in 1978.
554:does not
531:(river).
517:Sri Lanka
505:Ratnapura
475:Geography
418:Christian
376:ශ්රී පාද
356:Sri Lanka
290:Geography
216:6°48′34″N
189:Elevation
2332:Glossary
2325:Category
2269:Politics
1903:Arahant
1897:Arahant
1891:Arahant
1617:Sri Pada
1612:Kelaniya
1607:Nagadipa
1420:: 25–30.
1408:(1818).
1302:(1903).
1213:"P.G.G."
1023:See also
1009:Ramayana
891:Ethiopia
881:and the
855:Brahmans
782:Sarandīb
691:Another
646:Sanskrit
642:Sri Pada
454:Sanskrit
437:Mahayana
384:Buddhist
370: ;
367:Śrī Pāda
361:Sri Pada
341:Samanala
166:Sri Pada
35:reviewed
2339:Outline
2226:Pattini
2206:Upulvan
2184:Culture
1893:Mahinda
1533:Temples
1442::
1006:in the
1000:Trikuta
961:removed
946:sources
909:Legends
887:Candace
835:Muslims
773:Travels
770:in his
757:Fa Hien
734:History
693:Sinhala
575:removed
560:sources
495:of the
414:Islamic
396:Hanuman
372:Sinhala
264:Sinhala
120:scholar
1449:Ceylon
1436:
1375:
1347:
1161:: 3–6.
1133:
1004:Ravana
883:eunuch
867:Buddha
831:Hindus
728:Rohana
672:deity
662:Buddha
535:Trails
446:Rāvanā
275:
260:
244:Naming
122:
115:
108:
101:
93:
2346:Index
2201:Natha
1762:Stupa
1155:(PDF)
996:Shiva
701:Saman
682:Tamil
674:Shiva
670:Hindu
461:Saman
400:Shiva
392:Hindu
382:. In
279:Tamil
127:JSTOR
113:books
1373:ISBN
1345:ISBN
1282:2023
1242:2021
1220:2012
1198:2023
1131:ISBN
1110:2011
1070:2023
944:any
942:cite
875:Adam
859:Siva
837:and
666:Adam
654:Pāli
558:any
556:cite
499:and
491:and
422:Adam
416:and
99:news
1451:".
955:by
885:of
873:of
865:of
569:by
424:or
398:or
82:by
37:on
2388::
1416:.
1412:.
1298:;
1188:.
1157:.
1078:^
1061:.
1048:^
848::
730:.
523:,
519::
428:.
408:,
374::
33:,
1518:e
1511:t
1504:v
1418:5
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143:(
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134:(
124:·
117:·
110:·
103:·
76:.
41:.
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