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cry of anguish, the other a cry of joy to symbolize his friend and mentor's ascension into heaven. Ayler later recalled: "John was like a visitor to this planet. He came in peace and he left in peace; but during his time here, he kept trying to reach new levels of awareness, of peace, of spirituality. That's why I regard the music he played as spiritual music - John's way of getting closer and closer to the
Creator." In the liner notes for Ayler's album
281:, Ayler was first taught alto saxophone by his father Edward, who was a semiprofessional saxophonist and violinist. Edward and Albert played alto saxophone duets in church and often listened to jazz records together, including swing era jazz and then-new bop albums. Ayler's upbringing in the church had a great impact on his life and music, and much of his music can be understood as an attempt to express his spirituality, including the aptly titled
291:, which features "meandering" solos that are meant to be treated as meditations on sacred texts, and at some points as "speaking in tongues" with his saxophone. Ayler's experience in the church and exposure to swing jazz artists also impacted his sound: his wide vibrato was similar to that of gospel saxophonists, who sought a more vocal-like sound with their instruments, and to that of brass players in New Orleans swing bands.
812:, "the relationship between the two men was a very special one. They talked to each other constantly by telephone and by telegram and Coltrane was heavily influenced by the younger man." Coltrane first heard Ayler in 1962, after which he told Ayler that "he had heard himself playing like that in a dream once." In February of the following year, Ayler sat in with Coltrane's group for the first time during a gig at the
846:), Coltrane "called Ayler and told him, 'I recorded an album and found that I was playing just like you.' Albert's reply: 'No man, don't you see, you were playing like yourself. You were just feeling what I feel and were just crying out for spiritual unity." While in Antibes a month later, Coltrane "remained... in his hotel room, practicing as usual, playing along to a tape of an Ayler concert."
804:, and the two influenced each other's playing. Coltrane said that Ayler "filled an area that it seems I hadn't got to. I think what he's doing, it seems to be moving music into even higher frequencies." Ayler stated: "when he started playing, I had to listen just to his tone... To listen to him play was just like he was talking to me, saying, 'Brother, get yourself together
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deconstructive approach to his music, which was characteristic of the free jazz era. Phil Hardy says that Ayler "dismantled" melody and harmony to more deeply explore "the physical properties" of his saxophone. Ayler wished to free himself and his bandmates to improvise, relate to one another, and relate to their instruments on a more raw, "primal" level.
333:. In 1959 he was stationed in France, where he was further exposed to the martial music that would be a core influence on his later work. After his discharge from the army, Ayler tried to find work in Los Angeles and Cleveland, but his increasingly iconoclastic playing, which had moved away from traditional harmony, was not welcomed by traditionalists.
441:'s film of the same name. During this time, Ayler began to garner some attention from critics, although he was not able to foster much of a fan following. However, later in 1964, Ayler, Peacock, Murray, and Cherry were invited to travel to Europe for a brief Scandinavian tour, which too yielded some new recordings, including
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magazine entitled "To Mr. Jones—I Had a Vision", in which he described startling apocalyptic spiritual visions. He "saw in a vision the new Earth built by God coming out of Heaven," and implored the readers to share the message of
Revelations, insisting that "This is very important. The time is now."
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Ayler routinely showcased his highly untraditional personal saxophone style in very conventional musical contexts, including children's songs, march melodies, and gospel hymns. However, Ayler's wild energy and intense improvisations transformed them into something nearly unrecognizable. Ayler took a
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begins with the track "Message from Albert", in which Ayler speaks directly to his listener, explaining that this album was nothing like his ones before it, that was of "a different dimension in life." He claims that, "through meditation, dreams, and visions, been made a
Universal Man, through the
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in his improvisations, seeking to explore the sounds that fall between the notes in a traditional scale. This technique was best showcased when he played, as he often did, without a piano, backed only by bass and drums. Ayler also resisted the standard swing beat, and instead built momentum through
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In 1967, John
Coltrane died of liver cancer, and Ayler was asked to perform at his funeral. (One of Coltrane's last wishes was that Ayler and Ornette Coleman should play at his funeral.) It is said that during his performance, Ayler ripped his saxophone from his mouth at two points: once, to emit a
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Ayler first sang on a recording in a version of "Ghosts" performed in Paris in 1966, in which his vocal style was similar to that of his saxophone, with an eerie disregard for pitch. Ayler continued to experiment with vocals for the rest of his career (see, for example, the wordless vocalising near
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era of the 1960s. However, some critics argue that while Ayler's style is undeniably original and unorthodox, it does not adhere to the generally accepted critical understanding of free jazz. In fact, Ayler's style is difficult to categorize in any way, and it evoked incredibly strong and disparate
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In 1963, Ayler returned to the US and settled in New York City, where he continued to develop his personal style and occasionally played alongside free jazz pianist Cecil Taylor. 1964 was the most well-documented year of Ayler's career, during which he recorded many albums, the first of which was
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For the next two-and-a-half years Ayler began to move from a mostly improvisatory style to one that focused more closely on compositions. This was largely a result of pressures from
Impulse who, unlike ESP-Disk, placed heavier emphasis on accessibility than artistic expression. In 1967 and 1968,
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However, Ayler's influence is still felt, and not only among jazz musicians. His wild sound foreshadowed contemporary hardcore, noise, and experimental rock styles. Albert Ayler is one of the most revered historical figures in the genre of free jazz along with the likes of
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has recorded and released four CDs in a series called "Mars
Williams Presents An Ayler Xmas", documenting annual Christmastime live concerts, recorded in Chicago, Vienna, Krakow, and New York City and featuring intertwined holiday standards and Albert Ayler music.
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referred to his singing as "tortuous", and critics have stated that "his words and vocal delivery are truly frightening", describing him as having "a bellowing, untrained voice that was wavering at its most controlled," and delivering lyrics in "a manic wail".
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820:. Beginning that year, "Coltrane and Ayler, when both in New York, were often in the same room. Various recollections have placed Coltrane watching Ayler and Cecil Taylor at the Take 3 Coffeehouse in the West Village in the fall of 1963; watching Ayler and
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At no point in his career was Ayler allowed the comfort of a steady audience. Despite largely positive critical reception, he remained poor for his entire life and often sought financial support from his family and fellow musicians, including
Coltrane.
863:, along with interviews with Ayler's family, girlfriends and bandmates. The film includes footage of Albert Ayler (from 1962, 1964, 1966 and 1970) and is built around his music and recordings of his voice (from interviews made between 1963 and 1970).
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at the urging of
Coltrane, the label's star attraction at that time. But even on Impulse, Ayler's radically different music never found a sizable audience. Ayler's first set for Impulse was recorded a few weeks before Christmas in 1966, entitled
707:. (Coltrane served as a mentor throughout Ayler's life, providing financial and professional support.) This intensity, the extremes to which Ayler took his tenor saxophone, is the most defining aspect of his sound. His style is characterized by
325:, spending two summer vacations with Walter's band. In 1958, after graduating from high school, Ayler joined the United States Army, where he switched from alto to tenor sax and jammed with other enlisted musicians, including tenor saxophonist
757:(who drummed with Ayler). To this day his albums are among the best selling in the narrow genre of "free jazz", along with the aforementioned legends. The so-called "titans" of free jazz in the 21st century who play saxophone, such as
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describes Ayler as a "virtuoso of the coarse and anomalous", and claims that Ayler aimed to break away from the constraints of playing notes and instead to "enter into a new realm in which the saxophone created
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variations, including squeaks, honks, and improvisation in very high and very low registers. He possessed a deep blistering tone—achieved by using the stiff plastic
Fibrecane no. 4 reeds on his
910:(saxophone), Kent Carter (bass) and Oliver Johnson (drums), who lived in France during the free jazz period in the 1960s, perform in the installation, a recreation of 1960s French television.
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At around this time, there were hints that Ayler was becoming emotionally unstable, blaming himself for his brother's breakdown. In 1969, he submitted an impassioned, rambling open letter to
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Just before 1 PM, Sunny Murray arrived, a large, genial walrus....Gary
Peacock was next, tall, thin, ascetic looking, and soft spoken....Albert Ayler was last, small, wary, and laconic.
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647:. This was a return to his blues-roots with very heavy rock influences, but did feature more of Ayler's signature timbre variations and energetic solos than the unsuccessful
494:, who translated his brother's expansive approach to improvisation to the trumpet. Donald played with Albert until he experienced a debilitating nervous breakdown in 1967.
248:, is the music's backbone. His ecstatic music of 1965 and 1966, such as "Spirits Rejoice" and "Truth Is Marching In", has been compared by critics to the sound of a
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recalled seeing Ayler that summer, wearing gloves and a full-length fur coat despite the heat, his face covered in Vaseline, and saying "Got to protect myself."
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516:, and Bill Folwell, while Coltrane was in attendance. For a tune titled "For John Coltrane", Ayler returned to the alto saxophone for the first time in years.
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Ayler relocated to Sweden in 1962, where his recording career began, leading Swedish and Danish groups on radio sessions and jamming as an unpaid member of
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as a "riotous, hugely emotional and astonishingly creative celebration of the urge to make noise." Both albums feature Albert's brother, trumpet player
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880:") to Albert Ayler, "who I knew and loved during my time in Copenhagen". Harper considered Ayler to be "one of the leading jazzmen of the age". In the
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in high school. As a teenager, Ayler's understanding of bebop style and mastery of standard repertoire earned him the nickname of "Little Bird", after
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was recorded on September 23, 1965, at Judson Hall in New York City, and features a much larger band than the sparse trio of his earlier album
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on November 25, a presumed suicide. For some time afterwards, rumors circulated that Ayler had been murdered, with a long-standing
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773:, were all heavily influenced by Albert Ayler. Ayler was also a crucial influence on some of his renowned contemporaries such as
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together at the Half Note sometime that year; inviting Ayler onstage at the Half Note in March 1964; hearing Ayler's group with
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on May 1, 1965. It is a ferociously-paced 20-minute improvisation featuring his signature military-march influenced melodies.
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561:: "The father, son, and holy ghost. What Coltrane was talking about there - maybe it was a biblical term: he was the father,
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https://www.amazon.com/Holy-Ghost-Death-Pioneer-Albert/dp/1911036939?dplnkId=ad708e19-599f-4023-9da0-8b563c96548b&nodl=1
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for the then-fledgling record label. ESP-Disk came to play an integral role in recording and disseminating free jazz.
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include a brief description of the musicians on that day, July 10, 1964, in the Variety Arts Recording Studio:
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the frenetic speed of his improvisatory lines, which he forcefully overblew from his saxophone. Jazz historian
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The intensely spiritual aspect of Ayler's music was clearly aligned with the beliefs of jazz saxophonist
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In July 1970, Ayler returned to the free jazz idiom for a group of shows in France (including at the
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Krajewsk, "Stan Douglas, 15 September 2007 – 6 January 2008, Staatsgalerie & Wurttembergischer"
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is a session of standards recorded for a Copenhagen radio station with local musicians including
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599:. You think I would do that? He said, "Look Albert, you gotta get with the young generation now.
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reactions from critics and fans alike. His innovations have inspired subsequent jazz musicians.
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at a little performance space at 27 Cooper Square in early 1965." Following the recording of
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Always in Trouble: An Oral History of ESP-Disk: The Most Outrageous Record Label in America
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2862:"Mars Williams Presents An Ayler Xmas: The Music of Albert Ayler and Songs of Christmas"
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on Cleveland's East Side, and graduated in 1954 at the age of 18. He later studied at
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Porter, Lewis; DeVito, Chris; Fujioka, Yasuhiro; Wild, David; Schmaler, Wolf (2008).
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Porter, Lewis; DeVito, Chris; Fujioka, Yasuhiro; Wild, David; Schmaler, Wolf (2008).
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and drummer Ronnie Gardiner, with Ayler playing tenor and soprano on tracks such as "
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was the son, and I was the holy ghost. And only he could tell me things like that."
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Records in 1964, recording his breakthrough album (and ESP's very first jazz album)
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released a piece titled "The Resurrection of Albert Ayler". Composer and guitarist
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Kernfeld, Barry. "Albert Ayler." Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web.
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Ayler disappeared on November 5, 1970, and he was found dead in New York City's
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and introduced regular chord changes, funky beats, and electronic instruments.
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Ayler recorded three LPs that featured the lyrics and vocals of his girlfriend
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featured the trio that Ayler had just assembled that summer, including bassist
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Ayler's tune "Ghosts" has been recorded by a number of musicians, including
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was so inspired by Ayler's music and life that he produced a documentary,
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On July 17, 1964, the members of this trio, along with trumpet player
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2655:"John Lurie: Stranger Than Paradise/The Resurrection of Albert Ayler"
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381:) in March of that year. Ayler also began his rich relationship with
329:. Ayler also played in the regiment band, along with future composer
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In 1952, at the age of 16, Ayler began playing bar-walking, honking,
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Schwartz, Jeff. "Review: Healing Force: The Songs of Albert Ayler."
2385:"Pianist Matthew Shipp Says Goodbye To Tenor Colossus David S. Ware"
591:, "In interviews, Ayler left no doubt about who was responsible for
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Live in Greenwich Village: The Complete Impulse Albums (IMPD-2-273)
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Just one sound - that's how profound this man was..." According to
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Holy Ghost: The Life & Death Of Free Jazz Pioneer Albert Ayler
902:. Improvising Ayler's "Spirits Rejoice", four American musicians,
668:) was not regarded as being of the caliber of his earlier groups.
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Natural Selection: Gary Giddins on Comedy, Film, Music, and Books
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wrote that Ayler said the following concerning Coltrane's album
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Revelations: The Complete ORTF 1970 Fondation Maeght Recordings
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Comme le fantôme d'un jazzman dans la station Mir en deroute.
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A Love Supreme: The Story of John Coltrane's Signature Album
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in June 1965 (after Ayler had sent him copies of his albums
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1948:"Albert Ayler: Music Is the Healing Force of the Universe"
190:; July 13, 1936 – November 25, 1970) was an American
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Years given are for the recording(s), not first release,
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The John Coltrane Companion: Five Decades of Commentary
2707:"Various Artists: Live at the Knitting Factory, Vol. 2"
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in 2005 with former Ayler bassist and free jazz leader
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Shipton, Alyn. A New History of Jazz. Continuum, 2001.
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Holy Ghost: Rare & Unissued Recordings (1962–70)
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Albert Ayler is the titular 'ghost of a jazzman' in
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228:, show him advancing the improvisational notions of
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508:. Ayler performed with his brother, Michel Samson,
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2995:. Oxford University Press, November 17, 2006. Web.
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1965:
887:, Harper states, "In many ways he was the king".
859:, which includes interviews with ESP-Disk founder
3133:As Serious As Your Life: John Coltrane and Beyond
3049:Free Jazz and Free Improvisation: An Encyclopedia
3042:The Faber Companion to 20th Century Popular Music
1830:. Revenant Records. July 16, 2011. Archived from
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524:); however, his singing on later albums such as
2785:"Lester Bowie: All the Magic!/The One and Only"
2359:"Brotzmann Quartet Pays Joyful Homage to Ayler"
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2007:
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216:His trio and quartet records of 1964, such as
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3151:Spirits Rejoice! Albert Ayler and his message
3126:"Albert Ayler: Testifying the Breaking Point"
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3098:"Funerals and Ghosts and Enjoying the Push"
2557:. Roy Harper. March 7, 2014. Archived from
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2191:Albert Ayler: Holy Ghost (Spiritual Unity)
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3514:Biography, Holy Ghost by Richard Koloda.
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1647:. London: Penguin Books. pp. 25–26.
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208:, Ayler began recording music during the
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2132:. Oxford University Press. p. 286.
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1679:"Albert Ayler's Fiery Sax, Now on Film"
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536:has been the subject of some derision.
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3084:The Freedom Principle: Jazz After 1958
2937:"Sonny's Time Now : Sunny Murray"
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1312:La Cave Live, Cleveland 1966 Revisited
1024:(The First Recordings Vols. 1 & 2)
984:Starting in 2018, Chicago saxophonist
872:, English guitarist/singer-songwriter
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1613:European Radio Studio Recordings 1964
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16:American jazz saxophonist (1936-1970)
3648:John Adams High School (Ohio) alumni
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3653:Musicians from Shaker Heights, Ohio
3568:African-American woodwind musicians
3528:Jassin, Lloyd (November 15, 2022).
3022:The Biographical Dictionary of Jazz
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2583:. February 17, 2009. Archived from
2383:Shipp, Matthew (October 21, 2012).
2147:. Serpent's Tail. pp. 145–146.
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1550:Nuits de la Fondation Maeght Vol. 2
1530:Nuits de la Fondation Maeght Vol. 1
302:in Cleveland with jazz saxophonist
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3121:. Wesleyan University Press, 2012.
3051:, Volume 1. Greenwood Press, 2004.
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2811:"Eugene Chadbourne: Ghost Legends"
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197:saxophonist, singer and composer.
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3603:Military personnel from Cleveland
3453:Albert Ayler in Greenwich Village
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2991:"Ayler, Albert—Spirits Rejoice",
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2331:Randall, Mac (November 2, 2016).
2306:"Charles Gayle / Han Bennink Duo"
715:—and used a broad, pathos-filled
505:Albert Ayler in Greenwich Village
484:The Encyclopedia of Popular Music
236:into abstract realms where whole
107:Saxophonist, bandleader, composer
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3255:Albert Ayler Discography Project
3222:Albert Ayler: His Life and Music
3037:. Oxford University Press, 2011.
2837:"Gary Windo: His Master's Bones"
2733:"David Moss: My Favorite Things"
2629:"Giorgio Gaslini: Ayler's Wings"
1645:Richard Cook's Jazz Encyclopedia
1607:The Complete ESP-Disk Recordings
1330:At Slug's Saloon, Vol. 1 & 2
581:Ayler himself sang on his album
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3225:(e-book by Jeff Schwartz, 1992)
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1677:Mandel, Howard (June 7, 2008).
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520:the end of "Love Cry" from the
287:, and his album of spirituals,
200:After early experience playing
3153:. Hofheim, Wolke Verlag, 2022.
3135:, London, Serpent's Tail, 1993
2508:. Viking Penguin. p. 172.
2488:Coltrane: The Story of a Sound
2472:. Routledge. pp. 272–273.
2175:. Serpent's Tail. p. 146.
1975:Thomas, Fred (June 30, 2020).
1798:
1775:
1739:
1711:
992:
978:'s 2009 science-fiction novel
1:
3613:Avant-garde jazz saxophonists
3040:Hardy, Phil. "Albert Ayler",
3000:"To Mr. Jones—I Had a Vision"
2993:Encyclopedia of Popular Music
2985:
2681:"Marc Ribot: Spiritual Unity"
2363:Alliance for Improvised Music
2068:(liner notes). Albert Ayler.
1876:Encyclopedia of Popular Music
356:Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen
38:
3643:American male jazz musicians
3501:Nuits de la Fondation Maeght
3365:New York Eye and Ear Control
2535:. Rough Trade. March 7, 2014
2333:"Searching for Albert Ayler"
1749:. Cleveland State University
1156:New York Eye and Ear Control
661:Nuits de la Fondation Maeght
595:: 'They told me to do this.
497:In 1966 Ayler was signed to
434:New York Eye and Ear Control
431:, collaborated in recording
263:
7:
2470:The John Coltrane Reference
2455:The John Coltrane Reference
1806:"The Harold Budd interview"
1747:"18. The Far-Ranging 1960s"
1725:. Quartet. pp. 95–96.
1623:The Early Albums Collection
935:album dedicated to Ayler's
682:
10:
3684:
3578:American male saxophonists
3573:American jazz saxophonists
3020:Claghorn, Charles Eugene.
2887:"Albert Ayler discography"
2759:"Crazy Backwards Alphabet"
2533:"Roy Harper, FOLKJOKEOPUS"
1602:(this list is incomplete)
3623:Suicides in New York City
3389:Swing Low Sweet Spiritual
3322:
3311:
3260:Albert Ayler at NPR Music
3073:"John Coltrane's Funeral"
3011:"My Name is Albert Ayler"
2457:. Routledge. p. 347.
2115:Schwartz, American Music.
1977:"Albert Ayler: New Grass"
1828:"Albert Ayler Holy Ghost"
1084:Swing Low Sweet Spiritual
1022:Something Different!!!!!!
612:power of the Creator..."
143:
133:
111:
103:
85:
71:
51:
46:
30:
23:
3663:Spiritual jazz musicians
3633:Jazz musicians from Ohio
3608:Musicians from Cleveland
3598:Impulse! Records artists
3341:Something Different!!!!!
3316:unless stated otherwise.
3140:"Obituary: Donald Ayler"
2237:Litweiler, 1984, p. 151.
1852:Litweiler, 1984, p. 154.
1795:Litweiler, 1984, p. 152.
1781:Litweiler, 1984, p. 153.
1629:
1121:Albert Smiles With Sunny
957:Crazy Backwards Alphabet
722:Ayler experimented with
306:. Ayler also played the
3349:My Name Is Albert Ayler
3160:. Schirmer Books, 1998.
3027:ESP-Disk' Discography.
2436:As Serious As Your Life
2414:As Serious As Your Life
2275:. Quartet. p. 94.
2273:As Serious as Your Life
2193:. Revenant. p. 27.
2173:As Serious As Your Life
2145:As Serious As Your Life
2044:As Serious As Your Life
2022:As Serious As Your Life
1929:As Serious As Your Life
1723:As Serious as Your Life
1041:My Name Is Albert Ayler
856:My Name Is Albert Ayler
351:My Name Is Albert Ayler
3593:Free jazz saxophonists
3437:Stockholm, Berlin 1966
3149:Wilson, Peter Niklas.
3146:, November 15, 2001. #
3058:. Da Capo Press, 1975.
3024:. Prentice-Hall, 1982.
2258:Shipton, 2001, p. 795.
2246:Woideck, 1998, p. 221.
2064:Kofsky, Frank (1968).
1866:ESP-Disk' Discography.
1643:Cook, Richard (2005).
1364:Stockholm, Berlin 1966
894:'s video installation
849:The Swedish filmmaker
522:album of the same name
453:(re-released later as
377:(re-released later as
366:Early recording career
344:in 2004, as part of a
296:John Adams High School
277:, Ohio, and raised in
240:, and not just mainly
47:Background information
3429:Live at Slug's Saloon
3405:The Hilversum Session
3251:, in German language.
2614:Gale, "Stan Douglas:
2103:Jenkins, 2004, p. 27.
1905:Jenkins, 2004, p. 26.
1772:Whitehead, NPR, 2001.
1625:(Enlightenment, 2020)
1217:The Hilversum Session
795:Burton Greene Quartet
569:Final years and death
460:The Hilversum Session
403:. The liner notes of
312:Charlie "Bird" Parker
269:Early life and career
225:The Hilversum Session
67:, Ohio, United States
3445:Lörrach / Paris 1966
3093:, NPR, June 7, 2008.
3068:Jawbone Press, 2022.
3017:, November 12, 2007.
2587:on February 17, 2009
2295:Gioia, 2011, p. 323.
2171:Wilmer, Val (2018).
2143:Wilmer, Val (2018).
1402:In Greenwich Village
1384:Lörrach / Paris 1966
1294:The New Wave in Jazz
1174:The Copenhagen Tapes
1066:Witches & Devils
740:Influence and legacy
444:The Copenhagen Tapes
3493:Live on the Riviera
3128:, NPR, May 8, 2001.
3035:The History of Jazz
2809:Couture, François.
2679:Westergaard, Sean.
2618:and others", p. 363
2555:"Folkjokeopus (CD)"
1914:Jost, 1975, p. 121.
1512:Live on the Riviera
900:black consciousness
423:, alto saxophonist
3124:Whitehead, Kevin.
3104:. August 13, 2010.
3096:Richardson, Mark.
2312:. January 22, 2009
2087:Grove Music Online
866:On his 1969 album
785:(on Ayler's album
379:Witches and Devils
327:Stanley Turrentine
3511:
3510:
3138:Wilmer, Valerie.
3131:Wilmer, Valerie.
3111:, Vol. 27. JSTOR.
3082:Litweiler, John.
3064:Koloda, Richard.
3047:Jenkins, Todd S.
2891:RateYourMusic.com
2581:"Roy Harper site"
1595:
1594:
976:Maurice G. Dantec
965:Eugene Chadbourne
913:In 1990, pianist
629:His final album,
427:, and trombonist
159:
158:
124:soprano saxophone
75:November 25, 1970
3675:
3588:ESP-Disk artists
3538:
3537:
3525:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3275:
3274:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3241:on July 18, 2011
3237:. Archived from
3217:
3205:
3193:
3181:
3089:Mandel, Howard.
3079:, June 16, 2011.
3054:Jost, Ekkehard.
3009:Brody, Richard.
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2866:MarsWilliams.com
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2780:
2774:
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2771:
2769:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2728:
2722:
2721:
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2717:
2702:
2696:
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2667:
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2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2625:
2619:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2561:on March 7, 2014
2551:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2529:
2523:
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2134:
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2122:
2116:
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2104:
2101:
2090:
2083:
2074:
2073:
2070:Impulse! Records
2061:
2052:
2051:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2014:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1972:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1892:
1885:
1879:
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1843:
1841:
1839:
1834:on July 16, 2011
1824:
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1715:
1709:
1706:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1674:
1659:
1658:
1640:
1571:Elemental Music
1271:Sonny's Time Now
1197:(re-released as
1064:(re-released as
997:
996:
890:Canadian artist
861:Bernard Stollman
658:, documented on
656:Fondation Maeght
606:
602:
576:Mary Maria Parks
342:Revenant Records
189:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
136:
98:avant-garde jazz
78:
61:
59:
40:
35:
21:
20:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3526:
3522:
3512:
3507:
3421:Spirits Rejoice
3397:Spiritual Unity
3324:
3318:
3315:
3307:
3302:
3244:
3242:
3233:
3209:discography at
3197:discography at
3167:
3156:Woideck, Carl.
2998:Ayler, Albert.
2988:
2983:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2947:
2945:
2935:
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2829:
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2807:
2803:
2793:
2791:
2781:
2777:
2767:
2765:
2757:Boisen, Myles.
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2731:Dupont, David.
2729:
2725:
2715:
2713:
2703:
2699:
2689:
2687:
2677:
2673:
2663:
2661:
2653:Ankeny, Jason.
2651:
2647:
2637:
2635:
2627:
2626:
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2613:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
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2407:
2403:
2393:
2391:
2389:The Daily Beast
2381:
2377:
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2365:
2355:
2351:
2341:
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2315:
2313:
2304:
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2114:
2107:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2077:
2062:
2055:
2037:
2033:
2015:
2008:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1973:
1966:
1956:
1954:
1944:
1940:
1922:
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1745:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1716:
1712:
1708:Claghorn, 1982.
1707:
1698:
1688:
1686:
1675:
1662:
1655:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1600:
1253:Spirits Rejoice
1138:Spiritual Unity
1009:Original Issue
995:
937:Spiritual Unity
915:Giorgio Gaslini
904:George E. Lewis
843:Spiritual Unity
818:Cleveland, Ohio
769:, and the late
767:Peter Brötzmann
742:
713:tenor saxophone
704:Stellar Regions
685:
604:
600:
571:
499:Impulse Records
488:Spirits Rejoice
480:Spiritual Unity
475:Spirits Rejoice
466:Ayler recorded
405:Spiritual Unity
393:Spiritual Unity
388:Spiritual Unity
368:
294:Ayler attended
284:Spiritual Unity
271:
266:
258:Louis Armstrong
234:Ornette Coleman
219:Spiritual Unity
172:
168:
162:
134:
116:Tenor saxophone
80:
76:
63:
57:
55:
42:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3681:
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3560:
3555:
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3519:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3497:
3489:
3485:The Last Album
3481:
3473:
3465:
3457:
3449:
3441:
3433:
3425:
3417:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3385:
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3328:
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3312:
3309:
3308:
3301:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3235:"Albert Ayler"
3231:
3226:
3218:
3166:
3165:External links
3163:
3162:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3117:Weiss, Jason.
3115:
3112:
3109:American Music
3105:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3069:
3062:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3025:
3018:
3015:The New Yorker
3007:
2996:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2964:"Compilations"
2955:
2928:
2903:
2878:
2853:
2827:
2801:
2783:Yanow, Scott.
2775:
2749:
2723:
2705:Yanow, Scott.
2697:
2671:
2645:
2620:
2607:
2598:
2572:
2546:
2524:
2520:The New Yorker
2511:
2493:
2475:
2460:
2445:
2442:. p. 141.
2440:Serpent's Tail
2423:
2418:Serpent's Tail
2401:
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2349:
2323:
2297:
2288:
2281:
2260:
2248:
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2227:
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2196:
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2163:
2150:
2135:
2117:
2105:
2091:
2075:
2053:
2048:Serpent's Tail
2031:
2028:. p. 142.
2026:Serpent's Tail
2006:
1993:
1964:
1946:Campbell, Al.
1938:
1935:. p. 143.
1933:Serpent's Tail
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1494:The Last Album
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927:Lounge Lizards
763:Ken Vandermark
755:Milford Graves
741:
738:
684:
681:
666:Allen Blairman
570:
567:
417:
416:
415:
414:
367:
364:
279:Shaker Heights
270:
267:
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254:improvisations
161:Musical artist
160:
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120:alto saxophone
113:
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79:(aged 34)
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28:
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15:
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3564:
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3559:
3558:1970 suicides
3556:
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3503:
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3081:
3078:
3074:
3071:Lewis, John.
3070:
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3053:
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3043:
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2990:
2989:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2917:
2913:
2912:"Discography"
2907:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2842:
2838:
2835:Powers, Jim.
2831:
2816:
2812:
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2790:
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2433:
2427:
2420:. p. 43.
2419:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2390:
2386:
2379:
2364:
2360:
2357:Stern, Jeff.
2353:
2338:
2337:jazztimes.com
2334:
2327:
2311:
2310:hallwalls.org
2307:
2301:
2292:
2284:
2282:0-7043-3164-0
2278:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2255:
2253:
2243:
2234:
2232:
2222:
2207:. Ayler.co.uk
2206:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2182:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2154:
2146:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2126:Giddins, Gary
2121:
2112:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2071:
2067:
2060:
2058:
2050:. p. 33.
2049:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2003:
1997:
1982:
1981:pitchfork.com
1978:
1971:
1969:
1953:
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1732:0-7043-3164-0
1728:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1684:
1680:
1673:
1671:
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1654:0-141-00646-3
1650:
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986:Mars Williams
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919:Ayler's Wings
916:
911:
909:
908:Douglas Ewart
905:
901:
897:
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888:
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883:
879:
875:
871:
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851:Kasper Collin
847:
845:
844:
839:
838:
833:
832:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
802:John Coltrane
798:
796:
792:
788:
784:
783:Charles Tyler
780:
776:
772:
771:David S. Ware
768:
764:
760:
759:Charles Gayle
756:
752:
746:
737:
735:
730:
725:
724:microtonality
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
705:
700:
699:
694:
693:John Coltrane
689:
680:
678:
674:
669:
667:
663:
662:
657:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
637:Henry Vestine
634:
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510:Beaver Harris
507:
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363:
361:
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352:
348:.) The album
347:
343:
339:
334:
332:
328:
324:
323:Little Walter
320:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
300:Academy Music
297:
292:
290:
286:
285:
280:
276:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:John Coltrane
227:
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198:
196:
193:
187:
166:
154:
150:
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132:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:
112:Instrument(s)
110:
106:
104:Occupation(s)
102:
99:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:New York City
74:
70:
66:
62:July 13, 1936
54:
50:
45:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3533:
3530:"Amazon.com"
3523:
3513:
3499:
3491:
3483:
3475:
3467:
3459:
3451:
3443:
3435:
3427:
3419:
3411:
3403:
3395:
3387:
3379:
3371:
3363:
3355:
3347:
3339:
3331:
3325:or co-leader
3313:
3305:Albert Ayler
3304:
3269:Find a Grave
3265:Albert Ayler
3243:. Retrieved
3239:the original
3229:Albert Ayler
3221:
3207:Albert Ayler
3195:Albert Ayler
3183:Albert Ayler
3171:Albert Ayler
3157:
3144:The Guardian
3143:
3132:
3118:
3108:
3101:
3083:
3077:The Guardian
3076:
3065:
3055:
3048:
3044:, 2001. Web.
3041:
3034:
3033:Gioia, Ted.
3021:
3014:
3003:
2992:
2971:. Retrieved
2967:
2958:
2946:. Retrieved
2940:
2931:
2919:. Retrieved
2915:
2906:
2894:. Retrieved
2890:
2881:
2869:. Retrieved
2865:
2856:
2844:. Retrieved
2840:
2830:
2818:. Retrieved
2814:
2804:
2792:. Retrieved
2788:
2778:
2766:. Retrieved
2762:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2736:
2726:
2714:. Retrieved
2710:
2700:
2688:. Retrieved
2684:
2674:
2662:. Retrieved
2658:
2648:
2636:. Retrieved
2632:
2623:
2615:
2610:
2601:
2589:. Retrieved
2585:the original
2575:
2563:. Retrieved
2559:the original
2549:
2537:. Retrieved
2527:
2519:
2514:
2505:
2502:Kahn, Ashley
2496:
2487:
2484:Ratliff, Ben
2478:
2469:
2463:
2454:
2448:
2435:
2426:
2413:
2404:
2392:. Retrieved
2388:
2378:
2366:. Retrieved
2362:
2352:
2340:. Retrieved
2336:
2326:
2314:. Retrieved
2309:
2300:
2291:
2272:
2263:
2242:
2225:Hardy, 2001.
2221:
2209:. Retrieved
2199:
2190:
2181:
2172:
2166:
2158:
2153:
2144:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2086:
2065:
2043:
2034:
2021:
2002:The Guardian
2001:
1996:
1984:. Retrieved
1980:
1955:. Retrieved
1952:allmusic.com
1951:
1941:
1928:
1919:
1910:
1889:The Guardian
1888:
1883:
1875:
1871:
1848:
1836:. Retrieved
1832:the original
1822:
1810:. Retrieved
1800:
1777:
1751:. Retrieved
1741:
1722:
1713:
1687:. Retrieved
1682:
1644:
1638:
1622:
1612:
1606:
1601:
1598:Compilations
1582:
1566:
1548:
1528:
1510:
1492:
1474:
1456:
1438:
1420:
1401:
1382:
1362:
1347:Albert Ayler
1346:
1328:
1317:ezz-thetics
1310:
1292:
1276:Sunny Murray
1269:
1251:
1233:
1215:
1198:
1192:
1172:
1154:
1136:
1120:
1100:
1082:
1065:
1059:
1039:
1020:
983:
979:
973:
961:Lester Bowie
946:
942:Henry Grimes
936:
933:recorded an
918:
912:
906:(trombone),
895:
892:Stan Douglas
889:
882:Folkjokeopus
881:
877:
869:Folkjokeopus
867:
865:
854:
848:
841:
835:
829:
806:spiritually.
805:
799:
794:
791:Marion Brown
786:
779:Frank Wright
747:
743:
733:
721:
702:
696:
690:
686:
677:urban legend
670:
659:
653:
648:
630:
628:
616:
614:
608:
592:
589:Gary Giddins
582:
580:
572:
556:
553:Frank Kofsky
546:
543:
531:
525:
518:
514:Henry Grimes
503:
496:
492:Donald Ayler
487:
483:
479:
473:
467:
465:
458:
454:
448:
442:
439:Michael Snow
432:
429:Roswell Rudd
425:John Tchicai
418:
404:
401:Sunny Murray
399:and drummer
397:Gary Peacock
392:
386:
378:
372:
369:
349:
338:Cecil Taylor
335:
316:
304:Benny Miller
293:
288:
282:
272:
223:
217:
215:
199:
165:Albert Ayler
164:
163:
147:Bird Notes,
135:Years active
77:(1970-11-25)
25:Albert Ayler
18:
3563:1970 deaths
3553:1936 births
3211:MusicBrainz
3004:The Cricket
2968:Ayler.co.uk
2916:Ayler.co.uk
2432:Wilmer, Val
2410:Wilmer, Val
2269:Wilmer, Val
2205:"Biography"
2187:Wilmer, Val
2040:Wilmer, Val
2018:Wilmer, Val
1925:Wilmer, Val
1808:. Gaffa.org
1719:Wilmer, Val
1609:(ESP, 2006)
1389:hat MUSICS
1028:Bird Notes
993:Discography
896:Hors-champs
885:liner notes
826:Rashied Ali
822:Eric Dolphy
814:Jazz Temple
698:Meditations
641:Canned Heat
624:Noah Howard
618:the Cricket
558:Meditations
331:Harold Budd
192:avant-garde
3547:Categories
2986:References
2394:August 17,
2368:August 17,
2342:August 17,
2316:August 17,
2085:Kernfeld,
2072:. AS-9165.
1986:August 17,
1957:August 17,
1689:August 30,
1370:hat MUSICS
1351:Philology
1199:Vibrations
1125:Inrespect
969:Gary Windo
953:David Moss
949:Gary Lucas
931:Marc Ribot
923:John Lurie
878:One for Al
874:Roy Harper
810:Val Wilmer
775:Frank Lowe
673:East River
597:Bob Thiele
538:Val Wilmer
486:describes
455:Vibrations
421:Don Cherry
360:Summertime
289:Goin' Home
250:brass band
58:1936-07-13
3469:New Grass
3464:(1967–68)
3456:(1966–67)
3336:(1962–70)
3323:As leader
3102:Pitchfork
3056:Free Jazz
3029:Esp-Disk.
1753:April 27,
1499:Impulse!
1481:Impulse!
1463:Impulse!
1458:New Grass
1445:Impulse!
1427:Impulse!
1417:1965-1967
1299:Impulse!
1278:'s album)
917:released
831:Ascension
729:Ted Gioia
649:New Grass
645:Bobby Few
609:New Grass
593:New Grass
584:New Grass
527:New Grass
346:10-CD set
275:Cleveland
264:Biography
210:free jazz
139:1952–1970
94:free jazz
65:Cleveland
3461:Love Cry
3373:Prophecy
3245:June 28,
3187:Bandcamp
3175:AllMusic
2942:AllMusic
2871:March 7,
2846:March 7,
2841:AllMusic
2820:March 7,
2815:AllMusic
2794:March 7,
2789:AllMusic
2768:March 7,
2763:AllMusic
2742:March 7,
2737:AllMusic
2716:March 7,
2711:AllMusic
2690:March 7,
2685:AllMusic
2664:March 7,
2659:AllMusic
2638:March 7,
2633:AllMusic
2591:June 25,
2565:March 7,
2539:March 7,
2504:(2002).
2486:(2007).
2434:(2018).
2412:(2018).
2271:(1977).
2189:(2004).
2128:(2008).
2066:Love Cry
2042:(2018).
2020:(2018).
1927:(2018).
1887:Wilmer,
1838:June 25,
1721:(1977).
1617:hatOLOGY
1590:Revenant
1555:Shandar
1440:Love Cry
1408:Impulse!
1222:Osmosis
1108:ESP-Disk
1102:Prophecy
1089:Osmosis
1003:Recorded
1000:Released
683:Artistry
548:Love Cry
383:ESP-Disk
273:Born in
153:Impulse!
149:ESP-Disk
128:bagpipes
3381:Spirits
3199:Discogs
2973:July 1,
2948:July 1,
2921:July 1,
2896:July 1,
2616:Evening
2522:, 2007.
2518:Brody,
2161:, 27-30
2159:Cricket
2157:Ayler,
2004:, 2011.
2000:Lewis,
1891:, 2001.
1878:, 2006.
1683:NPR.org
1619:, 2016)
1579:1960–70
1536:Shandar
1435:1967–68
1397:1965–67
1343:1964–66
1061:Spirits
925:of the
777:, Rev.
717:vibrato
563:Pharoah
457:), and
374:Spirits
319:R&B
260:roots.
242:harmony
202:R&B
155:, Ayler
41:1967–68
3534:Amazon
3504:(1970)
3496:(1970)
3488:(1969)
3480:(1969)
3472:(1968)
3448:(1966)
3440:(1966)
3432:(1966)
3424:(1965)
3416:(1965)
3408:(1964)
3400:(1964)
3392:(1964)
3384:(1964)
3376:(1964)
3368:(1964)
3360:(1964)
3357:Ghosts
3352:(1963)
3344:(1962)
2279:
2211:May 1,
1812:May 1,
1729:
1651:
1281:Jihad
1204:Debut
1194:Ghosts
1071:Debut
967:, and
837:Ghosts
751:Sun Ra
709:timbre
450:Ghosts
246:melody
238:timbre
144:Labels
86:Genres
37:Ayler
3413:Bells
1685:. NPR
1630:Notes
1235:Bells
1180:Ayler
1047:Debut
1006:Album
787:Bells
734:sound
469:Bells
244:with
206:bebop
3247:2008
2975:2020
2950:2020
2923:2020
2898:2020
2873:2021
2848:2021
2822:2021
2796:2021
2770:2021
2744:2021
2718:2021
2692:2021
2666:2021
2640:2021
2593:2012
2567:2014
2541:2014
2396:2020
2370:2020
2344:2020
2318:2020
2277:ISBN
2213:2017
1988:2020
1959:2020
1840:2012
1814:2017
1755:2021
1727:ISBN
1691:2009
1649:ISBN
1576:2004
1563:1970
1560:2022
1545:1970
1542:1971
1525:1970
1522:1971
1517:ESP
1507:1970
1504:2005
1489:1969
1486:1971
1471:1969
1468:1970
1453:1968
1450:1969
1432:1968
1414:1998
1394:1967
1379:1966
1376:1982
1359:1966
1356:2011
1340:1990
1335:ESP
1325:1966
1322:1982
1307:1966
1304:2022
1289:1965
1286:1965
1266:1965
1263:1965
1258:ESP
1248:1965
1245:1965
1240:ESP
1230:1965
1227:1965
1212:1964
1209:1980
1189:1964
1186:1965
1169:1964
1166:2002
1161:ESP
1151:1964
1148:1966
1143:ESP
1133:1964
1130:1965
1117:1964
1114:1996
1097:1964
1094:1975
1079:1964
1076:1971
1056:1964
1053:1964
1036:1963
1033:1964
1017:1962
1014:1963
840:and
736:"."
701:and
530:and
308:oboe
232:and
222:and
204:and
195:jazz
90:Jazz
72:Died
52:Born
3267:at
3185:on
3173:at
816:in
797:).
789:),
639:of
362:".
3549::
3532:.
3142:,
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