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40:
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2328:
889:
2318:
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313:
801:
283:
645:
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3200:
3172:
965:, Luise alleged that in many instances the Allied prosecution made charges against Jodl based on documents that they refused to share with the defence. Jodl nevertheless proved that some of the charges made against him were untrue, such as the charge that he had helped Hitler gain control of Germany in 1933.
931:. The principal charges against him related to his signature of the Commando Order and the Commissar Order, both of which ordered that certain classes of prisoners of war were to be summarily executed upon capture. When confronted with the 1941 mass shootings of
625:
before returning to the West as a staff officer. In 1918, he was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class for gallantry in action. After the defeat of the German Empire in 1918, he continued his career as a professional soldier with the much-reduced German Army
1018:
court posthumously declared Jodl not guilty of breaking international law, based on Henri
Donnedieu de Vabres's 1949 disapproval of Jodl's conviction. This not guilty declaration was revoked by the Minister of Political Liberation for
518:
1002:
in
Bavaria. In 2018, the local council ordered the cross to be removed; however, in March 2019, a Munich Court upheld Jodl's relatives' right to maintain the family grave, while noting the family's willingness to remove his name.
968:
Jodl pleaded not guilty "before God, before history and my people". Found guilty on all four charges, he was hanged at
Nuremberg Prison on 16 October 1946. Jodl's last words were reportedly "I salute you, my eternal Germany"
1815:
Die
RitterkreuztrĂ€ger 1939â1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbĂŒndeter StreitkrĂ€fte nach den Unterlagen des
1820:
The Knight's Cross
Bearers 1939â1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal
3332:
3312:
3292:
3006:
938:
Additional charges at his trial included unlawful deportation and abetting execution. Presented as evidence was his signature on an order that transferred Danish citizens, including Jews, to
1510:
3342:
2744:
3337:
3327:
3287:
932:
2999:
2557:
1695:
Jodl, Alfred (1946). "A Short
Historical Consideration of German War Guilt". In Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality (ed.).
3252:
3302:
2077:
1490:
2737:
1440:
942:. Although he denied his role in this activity of the regime, the court sustained his complicity based on the evidence it had examined, with the French judge,
763:, Jodl was optimistic of Germany's success over Britain, writing on 30 June 1940 that "The final German victory over England is now only a question of time."
2992:
1557:[Jodl's cross on the Fraueninsel to be removed, grave will remain] (in German). Passauer Neue Pressee, (newspaper). 23 February 2018. Archived from
3317:
3015:
1554:
1650:
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1534:
1518:
1023:
on 3 September 1953, following objections from the United States; the consequences of the acquittal on Jodl's estate were, however, maintained.
2550:
3277:
859:
Following regional surrenders of German forces in Europe, Jodl was sent by Dönitz to respond to the demand for "immediate, simultaneous and
3307:
3322:
2070:
582:
2543:
2965:. Remains discovered in Berlin in 1972 and conclusively identified in 1998; confirmed to have committed suicide on 2 May 1945
3257:
2045:
1109:
Railton, Nicholas M. "Henry
Gerecke and the Saints of Nuremberg." Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte, vol. 13, no. 1, 2000, pp. 112â137.
675:
2063:
3267:
1930:
1828:
1803:
1751:
1725:
1585:
1996:
1575:
3188:
2940:
1618:
The Trial of the
Germans: An Account of the Twenty-two Defendants Before the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg
1044:
846:
416:
3262:
1951:
1772:
1662:
1606:
729:
3282:
1907:
1888:
1866:
1847:
1685:
1625:
1494:
1493:[Administrative court Munich, judgment of 26 March 2019] (in German). Bayerische Staatkanzlei. Archived from
752:
1444:
871:
on behalf of the OKW. The surrender to all the Allies was concluded on 8 May in Berlin. On 13 May, on the arrest of
3297:
3272:
2614:
2055:
864:
813:
602:, who also became an army general, was his younger brother. He was the nephew of philosopher and psychologist
3347:
1558:
935:, Jodl claimed the only prisoners shot were "not those that could not, but those that did not want to walk".
621:
2nd Class for gallantry in
November 1914, and for being wounded in action. In 1917, he served briefly on the
282:
2187:
2114:
1992:
622:
614:
372:
3162:
2631:
2019:
743:
531:
89:
57:
2535:
2505:
3206:
2459:
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1982:
943:
809:
1577:
Under Fire: Women and World War II: Yearbook of Women's
History/Jaarboek voor Vrouwengeschiedenis 34
3102:
2297:
2152:
1696:
1598:
Crimes of State Past and Present: Government-Sponsored Atrocities and International Legal Responses
939:
511:
2127:
1537:[Disputed memorial stone: family of war criminal allowed to keep gravestone] (in German).
656:
2642:
2579:
2449:
2287:
1038:
928:
860:
555:
463:
195:
39:
756:
3107:
3097:
2984:
2871:
2805:
2247:
2122:
779:
728:. During the build-up to the Second World War, Jodl was nominally assigned as commander of the
2652:
2405:
695:
2673:
1596:
835:
790:
22:
2474:
957:
His wife Luise attached herself to her husband's defence team. Subsequently, interviewed by
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2820:
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2722:
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348:
205:
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8:
2887:
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2137:
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On 28 February 1953, after his widow Luise sued to reclaim her pension and his estate, a
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888:
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771:
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748:
483:
163:
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2647:
2469:
2317:
2197:
1947:
1926:
1903:
1884:
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1824:
1799:
1793:
1768:
1747:
1721:
1713:
1681:
1658:
1621:
1602:
1581:
920:
856:, who had succeeded Hitler on 30 April 1945 as head of Germany and its armed forces.
547:
3144:
2785:
2662:
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994:
to prevent the establishment of a permanent burial site which might be enshrined by
979:
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3120:
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3034:
2825:
2810:
2754:
2683:
2272:
1535:"Streit ĂŒber Gedenkstein: Familie von NS-Kriegsverbrecher darf Scheingrab behalten"
1452:
908:
760:
559:
473:
183:
81:
3052:
797:, were to be executed immediately without trial if captured behind German lines).
3149:
3112:
3067:
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2602:
2489:
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2444:
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2091:
2087:
1988:
1941:
1876:
1762:
805:
767:
717:
567:
318:
3062:
2360:
2085:
1764:
A Literary Occupation: Responses of German writers in service in occupied Europe
1471:
741:
He was chosen by Hitler to be Chief of the Operations Staff of the newly formed
3087:
3082:
2914:
2800:
2770:
2704:
2608:
2365:
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2012:
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525:
391:
306:
167:
982:(who had killed himself prior to his scheduled execution), were cremated at
800:
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2855:
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2182:
2142:
2095:
1735:
1673:
1012:
962:
958:
839:
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707:
562:. The principal charges against him related to his signing of the criminal
536:
406:
330:
2968:
Committed suicide on 15 October 1946 before sentence could be carried out
2863:
2699:
2587:
2252:
2192:
2132:
1641:
1538:
1511:"Los argumentos de la defensa de ALFRED JODL en los juicios de Nuremberg"
904:
721:
402:
1114:
644:
159:
2945:
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2565:
2454:
2410:
2177:
1365:
1032:
998:. A cross commemorating him was later added to the family grave on the
995:
712:
699:
632:). Jodl married twice: in 1913 and (after becoming a widower) in 1944.
628:
618:
610:. Jodl was raised Roman Catholic but rejected the faith later in life.
459:
445:
360:
2571:
2511:
2352:
1555:"Das Jodl-Kreuz auf der Fraueninsel kommt weg - Grab bleibt bestehen"
1041:(1939) 2nd Class (30 September 1939) and 1st Class (23 December 1939)
924:
893:
786:
734:
551:
187:
542:
After the war, Jodl was indicted on charges of conspiracy to commit
3313:
People executed by the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg
1443:. University of Missouri-Kansas City: School of Law. Archived from
987:
782:
716:('Troop Office') in the Army High Command in the last years of the
433:
21:"Jodl" redirects here. For other people with the surname Jodl, see
3333:
Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
1653:(1989). "Keitel, Jodl and Warlimont". In Barnett, Correlli (ed.).
949:
1341:
1020:
191:
3293:
German people convicted of the international crime of aggression
3014:
907:
and later put before the International Military Tribunal at the
1900:
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany
1377:
903:
of Dönitz, by British troops on 23 May 1945 and transferred to
842:
of 1944 against Hitler, during which he suffered a concussion.
595:
1317:
1144:
1035:(1914) 2nd Class (20 November 1914) and 1st Class (3 May 1918)
3182:
1823:] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag.
868:
570:. Found guilty on all charges, he was sentenced to death and
2752:
1257:
1168:
991:
978:
His remains, like those of the other nine executed men and
892:
Jodl being arrested by British troops on 23 May 1945, near
3343:
Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Liberty, 1st Class
1185:
1183:
1079:
1067:
1418:
1416:
1305:
1293:
613:
From 1914 to 1916, he served with a battery unit on the
3338:
Recipients of the Order of Michael the Brave, 2nd class
1718:
Goering: The Rise and Fall of the Notorious Nazi Leader
1678:
Hitler and his generals. Military Conferences 1942â1945
1491:"VG MĂŒnchen, Urteil vom 26. MĂ€rz 2019 â M 12 K 18.1936"
1489:
1401:
1389:
1371:
1353:
1233:. Battle of Britain International Ltd. 2005. p. 11
1208:
1180:
594:
Alfred Jodl was educated at a military cadet school in
529:
who served as the Chief of the Operations Staff of the
1925:] (in German). OsnabrĂŒck, Germany: Biblio-Verlag.
838:
rank). He was among those slightly injured during the
3160:
1881:
Hitler's Soldiers: The German Army in the Third Reich
1553:
1413:
1347:
1269:
1132:
1120:
828:. On 1 February 1944, he was promoted to the rank of
3328:
Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 1st class
1795:
Interrogations: The Nazi Elite in Allied Hands, 1945
1329:
1156:
535:â the German Armed Forces High Command â throughout
1451:
1245:
1150:
785:, including properly uniformed soldiers as well as
3288:German people convicted of crimes against humanity
1091:
747:(OKW) on 23 August 1939, just prior to the German
1573:
1470:
1383:
1174:
3234:
1969:Het kleedje voor Hitler: Een familiegeschiedenis
1509:
1263:
953:Jodl's body after his execution, 16 October 1946
3253:Colonel generals of the German Army (Wehrmacht)
1708:
1323:
3303:Military personnel from the Kingdom of Bavaria
1923:The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939â1945 Volume 1: AâK
1704:. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.
899:Jodl was arrested, along with the rest of the
523:; 10 May 1890 â 16 October 1946) was a German
3000:
2738:
2551:
2071:
586:Jodl (second from right) as a captain of the
3016:People killed or wounded in the 20 July plot
1760:
1671:
1281:
1228:"After the Battle: The Flensburg Government"
1085:
970:
3318:People executed for crimes against humanity
1698:Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, Volume VIII
1574:Buchheim, Eveline; Futselaar, Ralf (2014).
1533:
1517:(in Spanish). 23 March 2011. Archived from
1441:"Defendants in the Major War Figures Trial"
1359:
732:from October 1938 to August 1939 after the
3007:
2993:
2745:
2731:
2558:
2544:
2078:
2064:
1919:Die EichenlaubtrĂ€ger 1939â1945 Band 1: AâK
1006:
751:. Jodl acted as chief of staff during the
38:
1985:â United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
1634:
1311:
972:"Ich grĂŒĂe Dich, mein ewiges Deutschland"
452:Conspiracy to commit crimes against peace
1875:
1837:
1812:
1615:
1407:
1395:
1214:
1189:
948:
887:
799:
674:
581:
577:
1939:
1649:
1635:DarnstÀdt, Thomas (13 September 2005).
1138:
1126:
1073:
1055:Chef des WehrmachtfĂŒhrungsstabes im OKW
883:
235: 1913; died 1944)
73:1 September 1939 â 13 May 1945
3235:
1916:
1897:
1856:
1422:
1275:
1162:
880:, Jodl succeeded him as Chief of OKW.
2988:
2726:
2539:
2059:
1989:Newspaper clippings about Alfred Jodl
1788:
1734:
1594:
1335:
1299:
1251:
720:put him under the command of General
510:
3278:German Army personnel of World War I
3189:
2974:Committed suicide on 25 October 1945
1840:Alfred Jodl. Gehorsam und VerhÀngnis
1694:
1097:
986:and the ashes were scattered in the
845:On 6 May 1945, Jodl was awarded the
724:. In September 1939, Jodl first met
639:
2941:Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach
2684:Chiefs of the general staff of the
2632:Chiefs of the general staff of the
2580:Chiefs of general staff of the Army
1859:Albert Speer: His Battle with Truth
1746:] (in German). Verlag Antaios.
1657:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
824:, Hitler's forward command post in
598:, from which he graduated in 1910.
13:
3323:People wounded in the 20 July plot
1943:Das Dritte Reich und der Holocaust
919:; planning, initiating and waging
820:Jodl spent most of the war at the
789:wearing civilian clothes, such as
546:, planning, initiating and waging
105:13 May 1945 â 23 May 1945
14:
3359:
1976:
990:, a small tributary of the River
863:on all fronts." Jodl signed the
3308:Military personnel from WĂŒrzburg
3215:
3198:
3170:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
1620:. University of Missouri Press.
1439:
1287:
1045:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
847:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
770:of 6 June 1941 (in which Soviet
710:in the operations branch of the
643:
417:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
365:
353:
341:
323:
311:
299:
281:
1637:"Ein GlĂŒcksfall der Geschichte"
1220:
1195:
961:, researching her biography of
635:
255:
232:
3258:Executed German mass murderers
2046:Chief of the OKH General Staff
1946:(in German). Peter Lang GmbH.
1453:"Alfred Jodl | German general"
1103:
1026:
865:German Instrument of Surrender
814:German Instrument of Surrender
54:Chief of the Operations Staff
1:
1761:O'Keeffe, William J. (2013).
1740:NĂŒrnberg: Tribunal der Sieger
1384:Buchheim & Futselaar 2014
1060:
778:of 28 October 1942 (in which
3268:Executed people from Bavaria
1476:Alfred Jodl Second World War
1372:Bayerische Staatkanzlei 2019
7:
2188:Kurt von Hammerstein-Equord
1993:20th Century Press Archives
1744:Nuremberg: Trial of Victors
1541:, (newspaper). 8 April 2019
1324:Manvell & Fraenkel 2011
679:(front row, from l. to r.)
504:Alfred Josef Ferdinand Jodl
147:Alfred Josef Ferdinand Jodl
10:
3364:
2971:Found unfit to stand trial
2050:13 May 1945 â 23 May 1945
2027:13 May 1945 â 23 May 1945
2022:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
1940:Tofahrn, Klaus W. (2008).
1680:. New York: Enigma Books.
1432:
1348:Passauer Neue Pressee 2018
744:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
532:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
20:
16:German general (1890â1946)
3263:Executed military leaders
3129:
3022:
2954:
2933:
2907:
2834:
2761:
2713:
2682:
2630:
2578:
2503:
2460:Hans-Georg von Friedeburg
2424:
2340:
2314:
2283:Eugen Ritter von Schobert
2102:
2043:
2029:
2017:
2009:
2004:
1971:, Amsterdam, Querido 2023
1883:. Yale University Press.
1616:Davidson, Eugene (1997).
971:
944:Henri Donnedieu de Vabres
810:Hans-Georg von Friedeburg
774:were to be shot) and the
497:
493:
489:
479:
469:
443:
439:
429:
422:
412:
398:
386:
378:
336:
294:
289:
277:
266:
211:
201:
173:
142:
137:
133:
121:
109:
98:
87:
77:
66:
53:
49:
37:
30:
3283:German former Christians
3103:Karl-Jesko von Puttkamer
2753:Major defendants at the
2298:Heinrich von Vietinghoff
2153:Nikolaus von Falkenhorst
1967:Von Benda Beckmann, Bas
1902:. Simon & Schuster.
1898:Shirer, William (1990).
1595:Crowe, David M. (2013).
1203:The End; Germany 1944â45
940:Nazi concentration camps
706:Jodl's appointment as a
558:at the Allied-organized
202:Cause of death
1838:Scheurig, Bodo (1997).
1813:Scherzer, Veit (2007).
1580:. Uitgeverij Verloren.
1457:Encyclopedia Britannica
1151:Encyclopedia Britannica
1117:. Accessed 8 Feb. 2021.
1039:Clasp to the Iron Cross
1007:Posthumous legal action
929:crimes against humanity
861:unconditional surrender
556:crimes against humanity
464:Crimes against humanity
222:Irma GrÀfin von Bullion
196:Allied-occupied Germany
3298:Holocaust perpetrators
3273:Former Roman Catholics
3108:Franz von Sonnleithner
3098:Ernst John von Freyend
2872:Konstantin von Neurath
2806:Joachim von Ribbentrop
2248:Eberhard von Mackensen
1917:Thomas, Franz (1997).
1857:Sereny, Gitta (1995).
954:
896:
834:('colonel general', a
817:
703:
591:
2128:Hans-JĂŒrgen von Arnim
1842:. Berlin: PropylÀen.
1767:. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
1264:tercer-reich.com 2011
1201:Kershaw, Ian (2012).
1175:Spartacus Educational
952:
891:
804:Jodl, seated between
803:
678:
585:
578:Early life and career
572:executed in Nuremberg
379:Years of service
23:Jodl (disambiguation)
3348:Reichswehr personnel
2821:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
2568:German General Staff
2506:Oberst-GruppenfĂŒhrer
2258:Georg-Hans Reinhardt
1798:. New York: Viking.
1720:. London: Skyhorse.
917:crimes against peace
911:. He was accused of
901:Flensburg Government
884:Trial and conviction
874:Generalfeldmarschall
816:in Reims, 7 May 1945
772:political commissars
690:, Hitler, Jodl, and
617:, being awarded the
608:University of Vienna
544:crimes against peace
456:Crimes of aggression
349:Imperial German Army
206:Execution by hanging
2888:Baldur von Schirach
2796:Ernst Kaltenbrunner
2653:Hans-JĂŒrgen Stumpff
2406:Hans-JĂŒrgen Stumpff
2138:Johannes Blaskowitz
1861:. New York: Knopf.
1521:on 30 November 2018
1302:, pp. 349â350.
1076:, pp. 129â130.
753:invasion of Denmark
696:FĂŒhrer Headquarters
424:Criminal conviction
3093:Nicolaus von Below
2763:Sentenced to death
2475:Alfred SaalwÀchter
2228:Hans-Valentin Hube
2218:Karl-Adolf Hollidt
2163:Werner von Fritsch
2148:Friedrich Dollmann
2036:Position abolished
1714:Fraenkel, Heinrich
955:
921:wars of aggression
897:
818:
749:invasion of Poland
704:
655:. You can help by
592:
548:wars of aggression
3158:
3157:
3117:Heinz Waizenegger
3040:Heinrich Borgmann
2982:
2981:
2720:
2719:
2648:Albert Kesselring
2533:
2532:
2470:Wilhelm Marschall
2198:Gotthard Heinrici
2158:Johannes FrieĂner
2054:
2053:
2030:Succeeded by
2005:Military offices
1932:978-3-7648-2299-6
1830:978-3-938845-17-2
1805:978-0-670-03008-8
1790:Overy, Richard J.
1753:978-3-935063-37-1
1727:978-1-61608-109-6
1655:Hitler's Generals
1587:978-90-8704-475-6
1205:. Penguin. p. 370
1047:on 6 May 1945 as
867:on 7 May 1945 in
673:
672:
512:[ËjoËdlÌ©]
501:
500:
3355:
3228:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3211:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3191:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3166:
3121:Walter Warlimont
3058:Hermann Fegelein
3035:Karl Bodenschatz
3009:
3002:
2995:
2986:
2985:
2900:
2892:
2884:
2876:
2868:
2860:
2852:
2840:
2839:
2826:Julius Streicher
2811:Alfred Rosenberg
2755:Nuremberg trials
2747:
2740:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2560:
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2092:General Admirals
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1672:Heiber, Helmut;
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766:Jodl signed the
759:. Following the
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568:Commissar Orders
560:Nuremberg trials
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3150:Rudolf Schmundt
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2490:Walter Warzecha
2480:Otto Schniewind
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2168:Friedrich Fromm
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2015:
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1676:, eds. (2004).
1665:
1651:Görlitz, Walter
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3085:
3083:Wilhelm Keitel
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2013:Wilhelm Keitel
2011:
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1977:External links
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1710:Manvell, Roger
1706:
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1663:
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1645:. No. 14.
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1552:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1477:
1473:
1472:"Alfred Jodl"
1469:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1409:
1408:Scheurig 1997
1404:
1397:
1396:Davidson 1997
1392:
1386:, p. 53.
1385:
1380:
1373:
1368:
1361:
1356:
1349:
1344:
1337:
1332:
1325:
1320:
1313:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1289:
1284:
1277:
1272:
1265:
1260:
1254:, p. 87.
1253:
1248:
1229:
1223:
1216:
1215:Shepherd 2016
1211:
1204:
1198:
1191:
1190:Scherzer 2007
1186:
1184:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1086:O'Keeffe 2013
1082:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1050:Generaloberst
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1017:
1014:
1004:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
976:
966:
964:
960:
951:
947:
945:
941:
936:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
895:
890:
881:
879:
876:
875:
870:
866:
862:
857:
855:
852:
851:Grand admiral
848:
843:
841:
837:
833:
832:
831:Generaloberst
827:
823:
815:
811:
807:
802:
798:
796:
792:
788:
784:
781:
777:
773:
769:
764:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
745:
739:
737:
736:
731:
730:44th Division
727:
723:
719:
715:
714:
709:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
684:Otto Dietrich
682:
677:
667:
664:December 2020
658:
654:
651:This section
649:
646:
642:
641:
633:
631:
630:
624:
623:Eastern Front
620:
616:
615:Western Front
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
589:
584:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
533:
528:
527:
526:Generaloberst
519:
513:
505:
496:
492:
488:
485:
482:
478:
475:
472:
468:
465:
461:
457:
453:
450:
447:
446:Conviction(s)
442:
438:
435:
432:
428:
425:
421:
418:
415:
411:
408:
404:
401:
397:
394:
393:
392:Generaloberst
389:
385:
381:
377:
374:
362:
350:
339:
335:
332:
320:
308:
307:German Empire
297:
293:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
269:
265:
240:
239:
217:
216:
214:
210:
207:
204:
200:
197:
193:
189:
185:
176:
172:
169:
168:German Empire
165:
161:
145:
141:
136:
132:
129:
126:
120:
117:
114:
108:
102:
97:
94:
92:
88:Chief of the
86:
83:
80:
76:
70:
65:
62:
60:
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
24:
19:
3222:
3210:from Commons
3205:
3184:
3140:Heinz Brandt
3136:Heinz Berger
3077:
3073:Adolf Hitler
3063:Otto GĂŒnsche
2960:
2896:Albert Speer
2880:Erich Raeder
2856:Walther Funk
2790:
2686:Kriegsmarine
2685:
2633:
2620:
2593:Franz Halder
2525:Paul Hausser
2504:
2495:Karl Witzell
2437:Kriegsmarine
2430:
2416:Hubert Weise
2401:Kurt Student
2361:Otto DeĂloch
2346:
2237:
2223:Hermann Hoth
2208:Carl Hilpert
2203:Walter Heitz
2183:Franz Halder
2143:Eduard Dietl
2123:Wilhelm Adam
2108:
2096:Nazi Germany
2044:
2035:
2021:
2018:
1968:
1957:. Retrieved
1942:
1922:
1918:
1899:
1880:
1858:
1839:
1819:
1814:
1794:
1778:. Retrieved
1763:
1743:
1739:
1717:
1697:
1677:
1654:
1640:
1617:
1597:
1576:
1563:. Retrieved
1559:the original
1543:. Retrieved
1523:. Retrieved
1519:the original
1514:
1499:. Retrieved
1495:the original
1479:. Retrieved
1475:
1460:. Retrieved
1456:
1445:the original
1403:
1391:
1379:
1367:
1355:
1343:
1331:
1319:
1307:
1295:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1247:
1235:. Retrieved
1222:
1210:
1202:
1197:
1170:
1158:
1146:
1139:Görlitz 1989
1134:
1127:Görlitz 1989
1122:
1105:
1093:
1081:
1074:Tofahrn 2008
1069:
1054:
1048:
1010:
977:
967:
963:Albert Speer
959:Gitta Sereny
956:
937:
898:
872:
858:
844:
840:20 July plot
829:
826:East Prussia
819:
765:
742:
740:
733:
726:Adolf Hitler
711:
705:
680:
661:
657:adding to it
652:
636:World War II
627:
612:
593:
587:
541:
537:World War II
530:
524:
503:
502:
423:
407:World War II
399:Battles/wars
390:
331:Nazi Germany
179:(1946-10-16)
127:
123:Succeeded by
100:
93:High Command
90:
68:
61:High Command
58:
44:Jodl in 1940
18:
3248:1946 deaths
3243:1890 births
3185:Alfred Jodl
3078:Alfred Jodl
2962:In absentia
2934:No decision
2864:Rudolf Hess
2847:Karl Dönitz
2835:Imprisoned
2791:Alfred Jodl
2700:Kurt Fricke
2674:Karl Koller
2621:Alfred Jodl
2588:Ludwig Beck
2303:Walter WeiĂ
2253:Erhard Raus
2238:Alfred Jodl
2193:Josef Harpe
2133:Ludwig Beck
1983:Alfred Jodl
1642:Der Spiegel
1539:Der Spiegel
1462:10 February
1423:Thomas 1997
1276:Sereny 1995
1163:Shirer 1990
1027:Decorations
1013:West German
984:Ostfriedhof
933:Soviet POWs
905:Camp Ashcan
854:Karl Dönitz
822:Wolf's Lair
722:Ludwig Beck
702:, June 1940
403:World War I
373:German Army
157:10 May 1890
111:Preceded by
32:Alfred Jodl
3237:Categories
3224:Quotations
2946:Robert Ley
2899:(20 years)
2891:(20 years)
2875:(15 years)
2851:(10 years)
2776:Hans Frank
2615:Hans Krebs
2455:Rolf Carls
2411:Ernst Udet
2178:Curt Haase
1780:1 December
1525:7 December
1481:14 January
1336:Overy 2001
1300:Maser 2005
1252:Crowe 2013
1061:References
1033:Iron Cross
925:war crimes
915:to commit
913:conspiracy
787:combatants
713:Truppenamt
700:Felsennest
629:Reichswehr
619:Iron Cross
588:Reichswehr
552:war crimes
460:War crimes
361:Reichsheer
295:Allegiance
153:1890-05-10
3177:Biography
2908:Acquitted
2634:Luftwaffe
2572:Wehrmacht
2512:Waffen-SS
2353:Luftwaffe
1959:8 October
1716:(2011) .
1565:24 August
1545:25 August
1501:25 August
1098:Jodl 1946
996:Neo-Nazis
894:Flensburg
836:four-star
795:partisans
783:commandos
735:Anschluss
694:, at the
574:in 1946.
382:1910â1945
278:Signature
273:(brother)
267:Relations
188:Nuremberg
101:In office
91:Wehrmacht
69:In office
59:Wehrmacht
1879:(2016).
1821:Archives
1792:(2001).
1738:(2005).
1115:43750887
988:Wenzbach
564:Commando
434:Executed
160:WĂŒrzburg
3023:Wounded
2838:(terms)
2715:*Acting
2570:of the
2510:of the
2435:of the
2351:of the
2113:of the
2086:German
1995:of the
1991:in the
1433:Sources
1374:, § 40.
1021:Bavaria
606:at the
508:German:
260:
252:
248:
237:
229:
225:
212:Spouses
192:Bavaria
164:Bavaria
56:of the
3163:Portal
3130:Killed
2959:
2883:(life)
2867:(life)
2859:(life)
2849:
1950:
1929:
1906:
1887:
1865:
1846:
1827:
1802:
1771:
1750:
1724:
1684:
1661:
1624:
1605:
1584:
1113:
791:Maquis
780:Allied
757:Norway
596:Munich
590:, 1926
554:, and
413:Awards
370:
358:
346:
328:
316:
304:
78:Deputy
3207:Media
1921:[
1818:[
1742:[
1702:(PDF)
1237:2 May
1231:(PDF)
1111:JSTOR
869:Reims
708:major
484:Death
470:Trial
254:(
250:
231:(
227:
2115:Army
2090:and
2032:None
1961:2019
1948:ISBN
1927:ISBN
1904:ISBN
1885:ISBN
1863:ISBN
1844:ISBN
1825:ISBN
1800:ISBN
1782:2018
1769:ISBN
1748:ISBN
1722:ISBN
1682:ISBN
1659:ISBN
1622:ISBN
1603:ISBN
1582:ISBN
1567:2020
1547:2020
1527:2020
1503:2020
1483:2020
1464:2018
1288:UMKC
1239:2021
1053:and
992:Isar
927:and
808:and
793:and
755:and
566:and
387:Rank
174:Died
143:Born
2094:of
1997:ZBW
975:).
849:by
698:of
659:.
3239::
1712:;
1639:.
1513:.
1474:.
1455:.
1415:^
1182:^
923:,
738:.
686:,
550:,
539:.
256:m.
233:m.
194:,
190:,
186:,
166:,
162:,
3193::
3165::
3008:e
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2994:v
2746:e
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2732:v
2670:*
2623:*
2617:*
2611:*
2605:*
2559:e
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2433:)
2429:(
2349:)
2345:(
2111:)
2107:(
2079:e
2072:t
2065:v
1963:.
1935:.
1912:.
1893:.
1871:.
1852:.
1833:.
1808:.
1784:.
1756:.
1730:.
1690:.
1667:.
1630:.
1611:.
1590:.
1569:.
1549:.
1529:.
1505:.
1485:.
1466:.
1362:.
1350:.
1290:.
1266:.
1241:.
1177:.
1153:.
969:(
666:)
662:(
626:(
506:(
155:)
151:(
25:.
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