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president, behaved with outrageous arrogance, raping any women who resisted their advances and killing anyone who questioned their authority in the slightest. Hence, they were viewed by
Comorians as a repressive force. Growing discontent promoted by the political opposition resulted in four unsuccessful coup attempts against the Soilih regime during its two-and-a-half-year existence.
408:, which were criticized for being too costly. Soilih advanced the cause of the youth by allowing young people to take more power. In order to reach his goal, he lowered the voting age to fourteen and put teenagers in positions of responsibility. Among the most striking of his reforms were measures designed to gain the favor of the youth, like the legalization of
443:
Soilih's confrontational policies led to France terminating all aid and technical assistance programs to the
Comoros, while traditional leaders of the islands resented the progressive elimination of age-old traditions. The teenage Moissy, commanded by a 15-year-old chosen only for his loyalty to the
460:. Abdallah became president, Soilih's policies were reversed, and the name of the country was changed to "Islamic Federal Republic of the Comoros". On May 29, Soilih was shot and killed; according to the government, he had attempted to escape from house arrest. He was 41 years old when he died.
369:. He officially became President of the revolutionary council in January 1976. He acquired extensive powers under the terms of a new constitution and implemented socialist economic policies. In 1977 he
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On May 13, 1978, Soilih was finally overthrown by a force of 50 mercenaries, the majority of them former French paratroopers hired by exiled former leader
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Soilih embarked on a revolutionary program that was mainly directed against the country's traditional Muslim society. His vision, based on a mixture of
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Condemned as wasteful and cumbersome, certain inherited customs of
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and became head of a revolutionary council that took over
Comoros. Soilih, whose adherents were barely armed, hired French mercenary
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On August 3, 1975, less than a month after
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The effects of the social policies of Ali Soilih are still apparent throughout the
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326:. During the early 1960s, he traveled to Comoros, where he worked in agriculture and economic development.
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on 7 January 1937. He spent much of his early life there, and was educated in
Madagascar and
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342:(RDPC). He soon developed an ideology of hostility towards France as the
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738:"Ex-Comoro Island Chief Reported Shot to Death While Trying to Escape"
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Soilih created the 'Moissy', a young revolutionary militia trained by
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Flag of the "État comorien" under the rule of Ali Soilih (1975–1978)
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More than 10 years later, in 1989, Soilih's older half-brother,
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727:. Conflict Transformation Services. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
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338:, leader of the Democratic Assembly of the Comoran People,
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revolutionary and political figure who served as the 3rd
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How to Stage a
Military Coup: From Planning to Execution
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373:
on his presidency, with 56.63% of voters endorsing it.
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In 1970, Ali Soilih entered politics as a supporter of
350:, and he renounced his Islamic faith and became an
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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619:"Le Anda, Grand Mariage comorien sous Ali Soilih"
280:Logo of the Moissy or "Jeunesse Révolutionnaire".
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718:"The Secessionist Crisis in the Comoros Islands"
447:
423:advisers. The Moissy was a Comorian version of
566:. Statraveluk.lonelyplanet.com. Archived from
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2609:African politicians assassinated in the 1970s
2599:Heads of government who were later imprisoned
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696:New York, Skyhorse Publishing Inc., page 135.
340:Rassemblement démocratique du Peuple Comorien
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19:For the Maldivian government minister, see
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16:President of the Comoros from 1976 to 1978
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
376:
295:; January 7, 1937 – May 29, 1978) was a
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2489:Democratic Republic of the Congo (2024)
2096:Democratic Republic of the Congo (2004)
1100:Democratic Republic of the Congo (1965)
664:. Country Data. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
608:. Country Data. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
550:. Country Data. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
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683:. Al-Hakawati. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
965:
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489:List of heads of state of the Comoros
176:3 January 1976 – 13 May 1978
306:from 3 January 1976 to 13 May 1978.
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
2604:Malagasy people of Comorian descent
389:, was to develop the Comoros as an
292:
13:
1107:Central African Republic (1965–66)
938:
692:Hebditch, David & Connor, Ken
14:
2630:
2614:Assassinated presidents in Africa
2579:Malagasy emigrants to the Comoros
2564:Assassinated Comorian politicians
757:Rushby, Kevin (October 1, 2001).
412:and promoting the removal of the
2619:Politicians assassinated in 1978
2569:Deaths by firearm in the Comoros
2554:Foreign ministers of the Comoros
548:"Comoros: The Break with France"
329:
30:
2584:Malagasy people murdered abroad
2356:Central African Republic (2021)
2254:Central African Republic (2013)
2040:Central African Republic (2003)
2026:Central African Republic (2001)
1577:Central African Republic (1982)
1556:Central African Republic (1981)
1496:Central African Republic (1979)
751:
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591:, V1 Taylor & Francis Group
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41:needs additional citations for
2589:Leaders who took power by coup
2574:People murdered in the Comoros
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629:. YouTube. September 14, 2008.
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1:
2419:Burkina Faso (September 2022)
839:Heads of state of the Comoros
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448:Coup d'état and assassination
2426:São Tomé and Príncipe (2022)
2061:São Tomé and Príncipe (2003)
1980:Republic of the Congo (1998)
1917:São Tomé and Príncipe (1995)
1854:Sierra Leone (December 1992)
1731:São Tomé and Príncipe (1988)
1703:Republic of the Congo (1987)
1307:Republic of the Congo (1972)
1205:Republic of the Congo (1968)
1156:Republic of the Congo (1966)
1009:Republic of the Congo (1960)
662:"Comoros: The Soilih Regime"
606:"Comoros: Security Concerns"
463:
416:among the women of Comoros.
391:economically self-sufficient
309:
164:Head of State of the Comoros
7:
2405:Burkina Faso (January 2022)
1598:Upper Volta (February 1983)
759:"Another day, another coup"
706:Comoros - The Soilih Regime
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397:modern 20th-century state.
10:
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1952:Sierra Leone (August 1996)
589:The Europa World Year Book
456:and led by French Colonel
404:", as well as traditional
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2089:Equatorial Guinea (2004)
1489:Equatorial Guinea (1979)
790:President of the Comoros
640:"The Mercenary Position"
304:President of the Comoros
138:
1121:Burundi (November 1966)
747:(subscription required)
643:(subscription required)
638:French, Howard (1997).
564:"Comoros & Mayotte"
514:2027/mdp.39015073049606
2391:Sudan (September 2021)
1226:Libya (September 1969)
1142:Nigeria (January 1966)
944:
529:Cite journal requires
281:
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1882:Bophuthatswana (1994)
1240:Libya (December 1969)
1030:French Algeria (1961)
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377:Revolutionary program
344:former colonial power
285:Ali Soilih M'Tsashiwa
279:
271:
230:Ali Soilih M'Tsashiwa
2475:Guinea-Bissau (2023)
2412:Guinea-Bissau (2022)
2398:Sudan (October 2021)
2247:Libya (October 2013)
2205:Guinea-Bissau (2012)
2191:Guinea-Bissau (2011)
2054:Guinea-Bissau (2003)
2033:Côte d'Ivoire (2002)
2012:Côte d'Ivoire (2001)
1994:Côte d'Ivoire (1999)
1973:Guinea-Bissau (1998)
1528:Guinea-Bissau (1980)
995:in Africa since 1960
387:Islamic philosophies
50:improve this article
2559:Comorian socialists
2468:Sierra Leone (2023)
2461:Burkina Faso (2023)
2296:Burkina Faso (2016)
2289:Burkina Faso (2015)
2068:Burkina Faso (2003)
1966:Sierra Leone (1997)
1924:Sierra Leone (1996)
1840:Sierra Leone (1992)
1738:Burkina Faso (1989)
1689:Burkina Faso (1987)
1191:Sierra Leone (1968)
1149:Nigeria (July 1966)
1114:Burundi (July 1966)
943:Flag of the Comoros
783:Said Mohamed Jaffar
470:Said Mohamed Djohar
433:Cultural Revolution
406:funerary ceremonies
359:Said Mohamed Jaffar
314:Soilih was born in
199:Said Mohamed Jaffar
1591:Upper Volta (1982)
1535:Upper Volta (1980)
1433:Uganda (June 1977)
1321:Upper Volta (1974)
1135:Upper Volta (1966)
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775:Political offices
742:The New York Times
723:2011-07-23 at the
679:2012-04-03 at the
674:"Union of Comoros"
570:on August 19, 2006
421:Tanzanian military
393:and ideologically
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187:Mohamed Hassan Ali
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2503:: successful coup
2275:The Gambia (2014)
2212:Mali (April 2012)
2198:Mali (March 2012)
2170:Madagascar (2010)
2152:Madagascar (2009)
2138:Mauritania (2008)
2124:Madagascar (2006)
2110:Mauritania (2005)
2047:Mauritania (2003)
1619:Mauritania (1984)
1570:Seychelles (1981)
1542:Mauritania (1981)
1514:Mauritania (1980)
1475:Mauritania (1979)
1468:Mauritania (1978)
1419:Seychelles (1977)
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371:held a referendum
346:. His ideas were
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2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2377:Tunisia (2021)
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2282:Burundi (2015)
2278:
2271:
2268:Lesotho (2014)
2264:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2226:Eritrea (2013)
2222:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2019:Burundi (2001)
2015:
2007:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1938:Burundi (1996)
1934:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1910:Comoros (1995)
1906:
1903:Liberia (1994)
1899:
1896:Lesotho (1994)
1892:
1885:
1878:
1875:Nigeria (1993)
1871:
1864:
1861:Burundi (1993)
1857:
1850:
1847:Algeria (1992)
1843:
1836:
1829:
1826:Lesotho (1991)
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1784:Nigeria (1990)
1780:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1710:Tunisia (1987)
1706:
1699:
1696:Burundi (1987)
1692:
1685:
1678:
1675:Lesotho (1986)
1671:
1668:Liberia (1985)
1664:
1657:
1650:
1647:Nigeria (1985)
1643:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1612:Nigeria (1983)
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1521:Liberia (1980)
1517:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1454:Comoros (1978)
1450:
1447:Somalia (1978)
1443:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1398:Nigeria (1976)
1394:
1391:Burundi (1976)
1387:
1384:Comoros (1976)
1380:
1373:
1370:Nigeria (1975)
1366:
1359:
1352:
1349:Comoros (1975)
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1300:Morocco (1972)
1296:
1289:
1286:Dahomey (1972)
1282:
1275:
1272:Morocco (1971)
1268:
1261:
1258:Lesotho (1970)
1253:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1233:Somalia (1969)
1229:
1222:
1215:
1212:Dahomey (1969)
1208:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1184:Algeria (1967)
1180:
1173:
1166:
1163:Dahomey (1967)
1159:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1093:Burundi (1965)
1089:
1086:Dahomey (1965)
1082:
1079:Algeria (1965)
1075:
1068:
1061:
1058:Dahomey (1963)
1054:
1051:Algeria (1962)
1047:
1044:Senegal (1962)
1040:
1037:Somalia (1961)
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1004:
1002:
998:
997:
989:
988:
981:
974:
966:
957:
956:
951:
948:
947:
937:
935:
933:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
846:
843:
842:
835:
834:
827:
820:
812:
804:
803:
798:
795:
786:
781:
777:
776:
768:
767:
750:
729:
709:
698:
685:
666:
654:
631:
610:
593:
581:
552:
540:
531:|journal=
499:
498:
496:
493:
492:
491:
484:
481:
465:
462:
454:Ahmed Abdallah
449:
446:
440:
437:
402:grand marriage
378:
375:
367:Ahmed Abdallah
331:
328:
311:
308:
264:
263:
260:
259:
253:(aged 41)
247:
243:
242:
233:7 January 1937
229:
227:
223:
222:
218:
217:
214:
213:
208:
202:
201:
196:
190:
189:
184:
182:Vice President
178:
177:
167:
166:
160:
159:
156:
155:
153:Soilih in 1976
152:
144:
143:
135:
134:
131:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2631:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2518:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2497:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2433:Gambia (2022)
2430:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2384:Guinea (2021)
2381:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2131:Guinea (2008)
2128:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1959:Zambia (1997)
1956:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1931:Guinea (1996)
1928:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1889:Gambia (1994)
1886:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1805:Ciskei (1990)
1802:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1791:Zambia (1990)
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1661:Guinea (1985)
1658:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1640:Uganda (1985)
1637:
1634:
1633:Guinea (1984)
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1549:Gambia (1981)
1546:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1440:Angola (1977)
1437:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:Uganda (1974)
1325:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1314:Rwanda (1973)
1311:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1265:Uganda (1971)
1262:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1023:Rwanda (1961)
1020:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1003:
999:
994:
987:
982:
980:
975:
973:
968:
967:
964:
949:
941:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
844:
840:
833:
828:
826:
821:
819:
814:
813:
810:
801:
792:
791:
784:
778:
773:
764:
760:
754:
743:
739:
733:
726:
722:
719:
713:
707:
702:
695:
689:
682:
678:
675:
670:
663:
658:
651:
648:
641:
635:
625:
621:
614:
607:
602:
600:
598:
590:
585:
569:
565:
559:
557:
549:
544:
536:
523:
515:
511:
504:
500:
490:
487:
486:
480:
478:
473:
471:
461:
459:
455:
445:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
374:
372:
368:
365:to overthrow
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
330:Rise to power
327:
325:
321:
317:
307:
305:
301:
298:
290:
286:
278:
270:
261:
257:
248:
244:
241:
237:
228:
224:
219:
215:
212:
209:
203:
200:
197:
191:
188:
185:
179:
173:
168:
165:
161:
157:
150:
145:
136:
129:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2516:
2515:no sign for
2454:Gabon (2023)
2447:Niger (2023)
2440:Sudan (2023)
2363:Niger (2021)
2324:Sudan (2019)
2317:Gabon (2019)
2303:Libya (2016)
2261:Libya (2014)
2240:Egypt (2013)
2219:Sudan (2012)
2184:Niger (2011)
2177:Niger (2010)
2145:Sudan (2008)
2082:Sudan (2004)
1987:Niger (1999)
1945:Niger (1996)
1868:Libya (1993)
1833:Sudan (1992)
1812:Venda (1990)
1777:Sudan (1990)
1759:Sudan (1989)
1724:Benin (1988)
1654:Sudan (1985)
1584:Kenya (1982)
1563:Ghana (1981)
1482:Ghana (1979)
1461:Ghana (1978)
1426:Sudan (1977)
1412:Benin (1977)
1405:Sudan (1976)
1363:Libya (1975)
1356:Sudan (1975)
1335:Niger (1974)
1293:Ghana (1972)
1279:Sudan (1971)
1219:Sudan (1969)
1170:Ghana (1967)
1128:Ghana (1966)
1072:Gabon (1964)
993:Coups d'état
859:
788:
763:The Guardian
762:
753:
741:
732:
712:
701:
693:
688:
669:
657:
649:
646:
634:
613:
588:
584:
572:. Retrieved
568:the original
543:
522:cite journal
503:
474:
467:
451:
442:
439:Consequences
418:
399:
380:
356:
339:
336:Said Ibrahim
333:
313:
284:
283:
251:(1978-05-29)
206:Succeeded by
171:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
65:"Ali Soilih"
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2544:1978 deaths
2539:1937 births
2370:Mali (2021)
2349:Mali (2020)
2233:Chad (2013)
2117:Chad (2006)
2103:Togo (2005)
2075:Chad (2004)
1819:Mali (1991)
1798:Chad (1990)
1752:Chad (1989)
1682:Togo (1986)
1377:Chad (1975)
1198:Mali (1968)
1177:Togo (1967)
1065:Togo (1963)
953:(i) interim
627:(in French)
395:progressive
249:29 May 1978
194:Preceded by
2533:Categories
794:1976-1978
652:: 110-121.
647:Transition
495:References
458:Bob Denard
429:Red Guards
425:Mao Zedong
363:Bob Denard
320:Madagascar
132:Ali Soilih
106:March 2013
76:newspapers
2509:self-coup
900:Massounde
464:Aftermath
348:socialist
310:Biography
300:socialist
293:علي صويلح
258:, Comoros
172:In office
140:علي صويلح
21:Ali Solih
925:Dhoinine
875:Abdallah
865:Abdallah
850:Abdallah
721:Archived
677:Archived
483:See also
410:cannabis
297:Comorian
624:YouTube
477:Anjouan
352:atheist
316:Majunga
236:Majunga
90:scholar
910:Boléro
890:Djohar
880:Djohar
860:Soilih
855:Jaffar
574:11 May
383:Maoism
324:France
289:Arabic
256:Moroni
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2341:2020s
2162:2010s
2004:2000s
1769:1990s
1506:1980s
1250:1970s
1001:1960s
930:Azali
920:Sambi
915:Azali
905:Azali
885:Caabi
870:Ahmed
97:JSTOR
83:books
895:Taki
576:2018
535:help
414:veil
385:and
246:Died
226:Born
69:news
622:on
510:hdl
427:'s
52:by
2535::
761:.
740:.
650:73
645:.
596:^
555:^
526::
524:}}
520:{{
479:.
435:.
354:.
318:,
291::
238:,
985:e
978:t
971:v
831:e
824:t
817:v
765:.
578:.
537:)
533:(
516:.
512::
287:(
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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