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identify their world (514câ515a). According to the allegory, the shadows are as close as the prisoners get to viewing reality, until one of them finds his way into the outside world where he sees the actual objects that produced the shadows. He tries to tell the people in the cave of his discovery, but they do not believe him and vehemently resist his efforts to free them so they can see for themselves (516eâ518a). This allegory is, on a basic level, about a philosopher who upon finding greater knowledge outside the cave of human understanding, seeks to share it as is his duty, and the foolishness of those who would ignore him because they think themselves educated enough.
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Theagenes of
Rhegium (whom Porphyry calls the "first allegorist," Porph. Quaest. Hom. 1.240.14â241.12 Schrad.) or Pherecydes of Syros, both of whom are presumed to be active in the 6th century B.C.E., though Pherecydes is earlier and as he is often presumed to be the first writer of prose. The debate is complex, since it demands we observe the distinction between two often conflated uses of the Greek verb "allÄgoreÄ«n," which can mean both "to speak allegorically" and "to interpret allegorically."
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physical elements. So, Hephestus represents Fire, for instance (for which see fr. A2 in Diels-Kranz). Some scholars, however, argue that
Pherecydes cosmogonic writings anticipated Theagenes allegorical work, illustrated especially by his early placement of Time (Chronos) in his genealogy of the gods, which is thought to be a reinterpretation of the titan Kronos, from more traditional genealogies.
27:
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518:. While all this does not mean Tolkien's works may not be treated as having allegorical themes, especially when reinterpreted through postmodern sensibilities, it at least suggests that none were conscious in his writings. This further reinforces the idea of forced allegoresis, as allegory is often a matter of interpretation and only sometimes of original artistic intention.
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214:. In this perspective, the characters in a "naive" allegory are not fully three-dimensional, for each aspect of their individual personalities and of the events that befall them embodies some moral quality or other abstraction; the author has selected the allegory first, and the details merely flesh it out.
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Since meaningful stories are nearly always applicable to larger issues, allegories may be read into many stories which the author may not have recognized. This is allegoresis, or the act of reading a story as an allegory. Examples of allegory in popular culture that may or may not have been intended
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is another example of a well-known work mistakenly perceived as allegorical, as the author himself once stated, "...I cordially dislike allegory in all its manifestations, and always have done so since I grew old and wary enough to detect its presence. I much prefer history â true or feigned â with
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In the case of "interpreting allegorically," Theagenes appears to be our earliest example. Presumably in response to proto-philosophical moral critiques of Homer (e.g., Xenophanes fr. 11 Diels-Kranz), Theagenes proposed symbolic interpretations whereby the Gods of the Iliad actually stood for
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in his "quasi-allegorical" use of personifications of, e.g., Terror (Deimos) and Fear (Phobos) at Il. 115 f. The title of "first allegorist", however, is usually awarded to whoever was the earliest to put forth allegorical interpretations of Homer. This approach leads to two possible answers:
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or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a meaning with moral or political significance. Authors have used allegory throughout history in all forms of art to illustrate or convey complex ideas and concepts in ways that are comprehensible or
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In this allegory, Plato describes a group of people who have lived chained in a cave all of their lives, facing a blank wall (514aâb). The people watch shadows projected on the wall by things passing in front of a fire behind them and begin to ascribe forms to these shadows, using language to
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in which various powers would try to obtain such a Ring for themselves. Then
Tolkien went on to outline an alternative plot for "Lord of The Rings", as it would have been written had such an allegory been intended, and which would have made the book into a
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has a comment by its
English translator: "The principal characteristic of Fortunatianus' exegesis is a figurative approach, relying on a set of concepts associated with key terms in order to create an allegorical decoding of the text."
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its varied applicability to the thought and experience of readers. I think that many confuse applicability with allegory, but one resides in the freedom of the reader, and the other in the purposed domination of the author."
470:
While allegoresis may make discovery of allegory in any work, not every resonant work of modern fiction is allegorical, and some are clearly not intended to be viewed this way. According to Henry
Littlefield's 1964 article,
440:'s head is another famous allegory. It simplified the idea of gravity by depicting a simple way it was supposedly discovered. It also made the scientific revelation well known by condensing the theory into a short tale.
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of this one and only Church there is one body and one headânot two heads as if it were a monster... If, then, the Greeks or others say that they were not committed to the care of Peter and his successors, they
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confess that they are not of the sheep of Christ." This text also demonstrates the frequent use of allegory in religious texts during the
Mediaeval Period, following the tradition and example of the Bible.
1971:
In: Ăsthetik und
Kommunikation, Nr. 25/1976, S. 92â112. Langfassung in: Frauen und Wissenschaft. BeitrĂ€ge zur Berliner SommeruniversitĂ€t fĂŒr Frauen, Juli 1976, Berlin 1977, S.258â297. With illustrations.
965:): The deities of love are surrounded by personifications of (probably) Time (a bald, man with angry eyes), Folly (the young woman-demon on the right, possibly also so old woman on the left), and others.
1926:
Roppolo, Joseph
Patrick. "Meaning and 'The Masque of the Red Death'", collected in Poe: A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by Robert Regan. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1967. p. 137.
1082:): Painting is shown as related to history and politics, the young woman being Clio, the muse of history, and other symbols for the political and religious division of the Netherlands appearing.
481:, may be readily understood as a plot-driven fantasy narrative in an extended fable with talking animals and broadly sketched characters, intended to discuss the politics of the time. Yet,
993:): The three human heads symbolise past, present and future, the characterisation of which is furthered by the triple-headed beast (wolf, lion, dog), girded by the body of a big snake.
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892:: "Such visual representations have raised the question why so many allegories in the history of art, pertaining occupations once reserved for men only, are of female sex."
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with the pope as its head in which the allegorical details of the metaphors are adduced as facts on which is based a demonstration with the vocabulary of logic: "
685:: The book has been described as an allegory about relationships; between parents and children, between romantic partners, or between humans and the environment.
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Allegory has an ability to freeze the temporality of a story, while infusing it with a spiritual context. Mediaeval thinking accepted allegory as having a
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figures, actions, imagery, or events, which together create the moral, spiritual, or political meaning the author wishes to convey. Many allegories use
1114:
1484:. Vol. II. Translated by Stahl, William Harris; Johnson, Richard; Burge, E.L. (Print ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. 1977.
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402:(London, 1607, 1653) and its replacement in the study of nature with methods of categorisation and mathematics by such figures as naturalist
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Some elaborate and successful specimens of allegory are to be found in the following works, arranged in approximate chronological order:
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the young man needed to know as guests. Also, the
Neoplatonic philosophy developed a type of allegorical reading of Homer and Plato.
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discussed what he termed a "continuum of allegory", a spectrum that ranges from what he termed the "naive allegory" of the likes of
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was a common early
Christian practice and continues. For example, the recently re-discovered Fourth Commentary on the Gospels by
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underlying any rhetorical or fictional uses. The allegory was as true as the facts of surface appearances. Thus, the Papal Bull
342:. Sometimes the meaning of an allegory can be lost, even if art historians suspect that the artwork is an allegory of some kind.
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509:. He noted that, had that been his intention, the book would not have ended with the Ring being destroyed but rather with an
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organized all the information a fifth-century upper-class male needed to know into an allegory of the wedding of Mercury and
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and its impressive spread and growth, representing Israel's conquest and peopling of the Promised Land. Also allegorical is
1883:"'Animal Farm': Andy Serkis-directed adaptation of George Orwell's allegory acquired by Netflix â Wonderfully Curated News"
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2129:
1389:. Princeton Classics. Vol. 70. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press (published 2020). pp. 89ff.
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561:: The journey of the protagonists Christian and Evangelist symbolises the ascension of the soul from earth to Heaven.
83:
1937:
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181:), "veiled language, figurative", literally "speaking about something else", which in turn comes from áŒÎ»Î»ÎżÏ (
3381:
2666:
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H. Diels and W. Kranz. (1951). Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker, vol. 1. 6th edn. Berlin: Weidmann, 126â138.
954:
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16 and 17, wherein the capture of that same vine by the mighty Eagle represents Israel's exile to Babylon.
52:
1965:
English summary from Kvinnovetenskaplig Tidskrift, Nr.4. 1981, Lund, Sweden as PDF. Retrieved 10.July 2011
521:
Like allegorical stories, allegorical poetry has two meanings â a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.
1858:
1436:
H. Diels and W. Kranz. (1951). Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker, vol. 1. 6th edn. Berlin: Weidmann, 51â52.
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Writers and speakers typically use allegories to convey (semi-) hidden or complex meanings through
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looking over her left shoulder. Two cherubs are removing the weighty crown from her tired head.
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17:
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1101:(17th century): Diverse sources of sound, especially instruments serve as allegorical symbols.
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Homer the Theologian: Neoplatonist Allegorical Reading and the Growth of the Epic Tradition
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261:
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244:(Book VII) and the story of the stomach and its members in the speech of Menenius Agrippa (
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1536:, Krems: Institut fĂŒr Realienkunde des Mittelalters und der frĂŒhen Neuzeit, pp. 15â31
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2012:
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Domaradzki, M. (2017). "The Beginnings of Greek Allegoresis". Classical World 110 (3):301
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Triumphant Spain and the laureate church all over the world by the patronage of Holy Mary
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92:
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Calian, Florin George (2013), DolealovĂĄ, Lucie; Rider, Jeff; Zironi, Alessandro (eds.),
505:, which gives overwhelming power to those possessing it, was intended as an allegory of
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Classical Rhetoric and Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times
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379:, with its elaborate woodcut illustrations, shows the influence of themed pageants and
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1963:: The Muses, Banned From Their Occupations: Why Are There So Many Allegories Female?
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Martianus Capella and the Seven Liberal Arts â The Marriage of Philology and Mercury
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1530:"'Clarifications' of Obscurity: Proclus' Allegorical Reading of Plato's Parmenides"
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240:
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34:
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1409:
Small, S. G. P. (1949). "On Allegory in Homer". The Classical Journal 44 (7): 423.
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549:: an allegory of the civilisation/barbarism binary as it pertains to colonialism
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573:: The Devil's Staff symbolises defiance of God. The characters' names, such as
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639:: The story can be read as an allegory for humans' inability to escape death.
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593:: The letter represents self-reliance from America's Puritan and conformity.
37:. The dreamer stands on the other side of the stream from the Pearl-maiden.
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189:), "to harangue, to speak in the assembly", which originates from áŒÎłÎżÏÎŹ (
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Allegoria del Buono e Cattivo Governo e loro Effetti in CittĂ e Campagna
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1664:"Portrait of a Lady, Called Elizabeth, Lady Tanfield by Unknown Artist"
1179:("a system of morality veiled in allegory and illustrated by symbols.")
664:
524:
Some unique specimens of allegory can be found in the following works:
101:
933:(1514): Unused tools, an hourglass, an empty scale surrounds a female
390:
The denial of medieval allegory as found in the 12th-century works of
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627:: It uses a circus to describe an occupying dysfunctional government.
537:: The several knights in the poem actually stand for several virtues.
510:
299:
3414:
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1969:
Berufsverbot fĂŒr die Musen. Warum sind so viele Allegorien weiblich?
1754:
1745:
Littlefield, Henry (1964). "The Wizard of Oz: Parable on Populism".
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139:), and other dignitaries. At right, a winged figure, representing
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1859:"The Scarlet Letter | Summary, Analysis, Characters, & Facts"
1379:(1957). "Second Essay: Ethical Criticism: Theory of Symbols". In
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407:
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140:
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2029:(Second ed.). Allahabad: The Central Jaina Publishing House
834:, with portraits of many leading political and military figures.
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Commentary on the Gospels: English translation and introduction
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423:, and even some works of science fiction and fantasy, such as
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1974:
Full Texts Online: CĂ€cilia (Cillie) Rentmeister: publications
1803:
Bogstad, Janice M.; Kaveny, Philip E., eds. (9 August 2011).
1264:
As barbas do imperador: D. Pedro II, um monarca nos trĂłpicos
581:, ironically serve as paradox in the conclusion of the story.
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Tolkien specifically resented the suggestion that the book's
252:
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In classical literature two of the best-known allegories are
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As barbas do imperador: D. Pedro II, um monarca nos trĂłpicos
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emphasized in 1893 that "A fairy tale is not an allegory."
410:
is thought to mark the beginnings of early modern science.
245:
1938:"What really made Salem the Witch City â The Boston Globe"
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3757:
1688:
The Bible, Protestantism, and the Rise of Natural Science
802:
An Allegory of Peace and the Arts under the English Crown
823:
Feast of Herod with the Beheading of St John the Baptist
1593:(Reader's ed.). Doubleday & Company. pp.
222:
The origins of allegory can be traced at least back to
1774:
The Annotated Wizard of Oz: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
1446:
Elliott, R. K. (1967). "Socrates and Plato's Cave".
1119:
Allegory of Triumphant Spain with immaculist banner
340:
Portrait of a Lady, Called Elizabeth, Lady Tanfield
2046:(in Portuguese). SĂŁo Paulo: Companhia das Letras.
1771:
913:Allegorical Paintings of the 16th and 17th century
1796:
830:is also an allegory of Europe in the time of the
3797:
1267:. SĂŁo Paulo: Companhia das Letras. p. 181.
64:striking to its viewers, readers, or listeners.
1722:"Revised Memoir of Newton (Normalized Version)"
383:on contemporary allegorical representation, as
605:: The pigs stand for political figures of the
143:, carving the "great event" on a stone tablet.
135:, their daughter Maria da GlĂłria (later Queen
3430:
2123:
1802:
1806:Picturing Tolkien:Essays on Peter Jackson's
158:First attested in English in 1382, the word
937:, with other esoteric and exoteric symbols.
251:Among the best-known examples of allegory,
210:, to the more private allegories of modern
43:is one of the greatest allegories from the
3437:
3423:
2130:
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1494:
1167:Cultural depictions of Philip II of Spain
1044:Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting
807:Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting
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1935:
1760:
1680:
1559:(2nd ed.). UNC Press. p. 142.
1260:
447:
373:In the late 15th century, the enigmatic
330:
290:Other early allegories are found in the
146:
119:. The painting depicts British diplomat
106:
82:
25:
2002:Allegory: The Theory of a Symbolic Mode
1552:
1445:
1233:
1152:Allegorical interpretation of the Bible
356:(1302) presents themes of the unity of
310:Allegorical interpretation of the Bible
3798:
2801:Types of fiction with multiple endings
1527:
1362:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
1346:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
1330:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
1290:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
1211:Stephen A. Barney (1989). "Allegory".
3444:
3418:
2111:
1835:"The Faerie Queene | work by Spenser"
1586:
1305:"Etymology of allegory by etymonline"
1205:
443:
217:
185:), "another, different" and áŒÎłÎżÏΔÏÏ (
2019:
1901:
1766:
1375:
1147:Allegorical interpretations of Plato
436:The story of the apple falling onto
320:
285:
16:For the concept in mathematics, see
2080:, Richard Levis, "Allegory and the
1936:Sullivan, James (October 2, 2020).
1618:Fortunatianus Aquileiensis (2017).
1236:"Literary Terms and Definitions: A"
1234:Wheeler, L. Kip (11 January 2018).
294:, such as the extended metaphor in
111:Allegory of the recognition of the
13:
2069:Dictionary of the History of Ideas
1982:
1499:. University of California Press.
1157:Allegory in Renaissance literature
655:are thought to be an allegory for
413:
259:, forms a part of his larger work
14:
3832:
3204:Third-person omniscient narrative
2061:
1386:Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays
1366:, in the Perseus Digital Library.
1652:from the original on 2022-10-09.
1106:
1087:
1059:
1031:
998:
970:
942:
917:
400:Historie of Foure-footed Beastes
100:, the goddess of luck, with the
2042:Schwarcz, Lilia Moritz (1998).
1954:
1929:
1920:
1895:
1875:
1851:
1827:
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1714:
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1611:
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1546:
1521:
1488:
1474:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1261:Schwarcz, Lilia Moritz (1998).
882:The Cycle of Terror and Tragedy
2592:Conflict between good and evil
1587:Jones, Alexander, ed. (1968).
1369:
1353:
1337:
1321:
1297:
1281:
1254:
1227:
1:
2137:
2037:– via Internet Archive.
1214:Dictionary of the Middle Ages
1198:
1122:
1076:
1048:
1012:
987:
959:
847:
811:
794:
775:
772:"Allegory of Queen Elizabeth"
758:
727:
708:
461:
131:, who is flanked by his wife
2073:Allegory in Literary history
1967:Original Version in German:
1460:10.1515/kant.1967.58.1-4.137
1350:, on Perseus Digital Library
1334:, on Perseus Digital Library
1294:, on Perseus Digital Library
955:Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
870:Truth Coming Out of Her Well
754:Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
618:The Melancholy of Resistance
78:
7:
1627:. De Gruyter. p. XIX.
1553:Kennedy, George A. (1999).
1140:
1134:Hispanic Society of America
1009:Allegory of Queen Elizabeth
636:The Masque of the Red Death
10:
3837:
2090:and interpreting Vergil's
1813:. McFarland. p. 189.
1694:Cambridge University Press
1495:Lamberton, Robert (1986).
1242:. Carson-Newman University
907:
478:The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
324:
15:
3612:
3452:
3267:
3239:
3231:Stream of unconsciousness
3174:
2918:
2809:
2762:Falling action/Catastasis
2707:
2612:
2547:
2470:
2282:
2145:
1902:Romm, Jake (2017-04-26).
859:Allégorie de la publicité
314:Fortunatianus of Aquileia
2599:Self-fulfilling prophecy
2104:Introduction to Allegory
1684:(2001). "Introduction".
1534:Medium Aevum Quotidianum
669:United States of America
426:The Chronicles of Narnia
327:Four senses of Scripture
196:
3226:Stream of consciousness
2689:Suspension of disbelief
2000:Fletcher, Angus (1964)
1863:Encyclopedia Britannica
1839:Encyclopedia Britannica
1364:A Greek-English Lexicon
1348:A Greek-English Lexicon
1332:A Greek-English Lexicon
1292:A Greek-English Lexicon
790:Allegory of Inclination
154:: Mythological allegory
2767:Denouement/Catastrophe
2748:Rising action/Epitasis
1904:"Misery Loves Company"
991: 1565â1570
689:
624:Werckmeister Harmonies
558:The Pilgrim's Progress
467:
458:Allegory of Arithmetic
343:
155:
144:
104:
75:of abstract concepts.
48:
18:Allegory (mathematics)
3113:Utopian and dystopian
2086:Roman definitions of
1808:The Lord of the Rings
1633:10.1515/9783110516371
1162:Allegorical sculpture
1039:Artemisia Gentileschi
785:Artemisia Gentileschi
494:The Lord of the Rings
451:
419:include the works of
334:
150:
110:
86:
55:or artistic form, an
29:
3816:Narrative techniques
2667:Narrative techniques
2447:Story within a story
2259:Supporting character
2101:What is an Allegory?
2078:Electronic Antiquity
2026:The Key Of Knowledge
1994:Anatomy of Criticism
1193:Theagenes of Rhegium
1006:The English School's
983:Allegory of Prudence
856:Fernand Le Quesne â
843:Allegory of Painting
828:Bartholomeus Strobel
768:The English School's
613:LĂĄszlĂł Krasznahorkai
257:Allegory of the Cave
137:Maria II of Portugal
3770:Rhetorical question
3372:Political narrative
3214:Unreliable narrator
3071:Speculative fiction
2779:Nonlinear narrative
2727:Three-act structure
2587:Deal with the Devil
2013:The Order of Things
1961:CĂ€cilia Rentmeister
1590:The Jerusalem Bible
1515:10.1525/j.ctt1ppp1k
1240:Literary Vocabulary
1099:Allegory of Hearing
1072:The Art of Painting
699:Ambrogio Lorenzetti
585:Nathaniel Hawthorne
570:Young Goodman Brown
565:Nathaniel Hawthorne
541:William Shakespeare
406:and the astronomer
93:Allegory of Fortune
3350:Narrative paradigm
3345:Narrative identity
3275:Dominant narrative
3221:Multiple narrators
2505:Fictional location
2348:Dramatic structure
1778:. Norton. p.
1747:American Quarterly
1726:The Newton Project
653:Salem witch trials
607:Russian Revolution
590:The Scarlet Letter
468:
454:Laurent de La Hyre
444:Poetry and fiction
385:humanist dialectic
344:
270:In Late Antiquity
218:Classical allegory
212:paradox literature
156:
145:
125:letter of credence
121:Sir Charles Stuart
105:
49:
3811:Figures of speech
3793:
3792:
3564:Hysteron proteron
3446:Figures of speech
3412:
3411:
3355:Narrative therapy
2789:television series
2734:Freytag's Pyramid
2577:Moral development
2480:Alternate history
2190:False protagonist
2021:Jain, Champat Rai
1820:978-0-7864-8473-7
1789:978-0-393-04992-3
1749:, 16 (1): 47â58.
1642:978-3-11-051637-1
1022:at her right and
930:Melencolia I
832:Thirty Years' War
718:Sandro Botticelli
534:The Faerie Queene
392:Hugh of St Victor
321:Medieval allegory
286:Biblical allegory
278:, with the seven
272:Martianus Capella
207:The Faerie Queene
129:Pedro I of Brazil
33:, miniature from
3828:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3335:Literary science
2878:Narrative poetry
2774:Linear narrative
2684:Stylistic device
2679:Show, don't tell
2642:Figure of speech
2432:Shaggy dog story
2175:Characterization
2132:
2125:
2118:
2109:
2108:
2057:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2008:Foucault, Michel
1976:
1958:
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865:Jean-LĂ©on GĂ©rĂŽme
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712: 1338â1339
710:
677:Shel Silverstein
489:J. R. R. Tolkien
483:George MacDonald
466:
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133:Maria Leopoldina
117:its independence
113:Empire of Brazil
45:High Middle Ages
3836:
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3743:Personification
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3340:Literary theory
3280:Fiction writing
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2337:Deus ex machina
2278:
2264:Title character
2249:Stock character
2195:Focal character
2141:
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2054:
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1985:
1983:Further reading
1980:
1979:
1959:
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1942:BostonGlobe.com
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1908:The New Inquiry
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1374:
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935:personification
922:
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877:Graydon Parrish
850:
814:
797:
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761:
730:
711:
692:
682:The Giving Tree
631:Edgar Allan Poe
507:nuclear weapons
464:
446:
416:
414:Modern allegory
387:conveyed them.
376:Hypnerotomachia
338:17th century â
329:
323:
288:
220:
199:
193:), "assembly".
123:presenting his
96:, representing
81:
73:personification
53:literary device
35:Cotton Nero A.x
24:
23:Literary device
21:
12:
11:
5:
3834:
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3821:Poetic devices
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3404:Verisimilitude
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3309:
3307:Parallel novel
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2949:Action fiction
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2427:Self-insertion
2424:
2419:
2414:
2412:Poetic justice
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2172:
2170:Character flaw
2167:
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2149:
2143:
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2062:External links
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1989:Frye, Northrop
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2937:
2935:
2934:Autobiography
2932:
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2917:
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2898:
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2874:
2873:Narrative art
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2849:
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2831:Flash fiction
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2539:Worldbuilding
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2386:KishĆtenketsu
2383:
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2379:In medias res
2376:
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2358:Foreshadowing
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2185:Deuteragonist
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2165:Character arc
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2015:
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643:Arthur Miller
641:
638:
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629:
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621:and the film
620:
619:
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597:George Orwell
595:
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473:L. Frank Baum
459:
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202:Northrop Frye
194:
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152:Marco Marcola
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88:Salvator Rosa
85:
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65:
62:
58:
54:
46:
42:
41:
36:
32:
28:
19:
3763:Antanaclasis
3667:Epanorthosis
3621:
3584:Polysyndeton
3477:Antimetabole
3462:Alliteration
3394:Storytelling
3209:Subjectivity
3199:Third-person
3189:First-person
2823:
2632:Comic relief
2621:
2384:
2377:
2368:Flashforward
2335:
2309:Origin story
2291:
2254:Straight man
2209:
2100:
2091:
2087:
2081:
2077:
2068:
2043:
2031:. Retrieved
2025:
2011:
2001:
1992:
1968:
1956:
1945:. Retrieved
1941:
1931:
1922:
1911:. Retrieved
1907:
1897:
1886:. Retrieved
1877:
1866:. Retrieved
1862:
1853:
1842:. Retrieved
1838:
1829:
1810:Film Trilogy
1809:
1805:
1798:
1773:
1762:
1746:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1725:
1716:
1687:
1676:
1667:
1658:
1620:
1613:
1589:
1582:
1570:. Retrieved
1555:
1548:
1538:, retrieved
1533:
1523:
1496:
1490:
1481:
1476:
1451:
1448:Kant-Studien
1447:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1385:
1371:
1363:
1355:
1347:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1312:. Retrieved
1308:
1299:
1291:
1283:
1265:
1262:
1256:
1244:. Retrieved
1239:
1229:
1212:
1207:
1129:
1118:
1098:
1070:
1042:
1008:
981:
953:
928:
899:
896:Damien Hirst
890:Lady Justice
880:
868:
857:
841:
821:
805:
801:
788:
771:
752:
742:Melencolia I
740:
721:
702:
693:
680:
661:blacklisting
648:The Crucible
646:
634:
622:
616:
600:
588:
578:
574:
568:
556:
544:
532:
523:
520:
500:
492:
487:
476:
469:
457:
438:Isaac Newton
435:
424:
417:
399:
389:
374:
372:
366:
361:
353:Unam Sanctam
351:
347:
345:
339:
308:
292:Hebrew Bible
289:
280:liberal arts
275:
269:
262:The Republic
260:
250:
241:The Republic
239:
233:
229:
221:
205:
200:
190:
186:
182:
178:
171:latinisation
166:
159:
157:
91:
66:
56:
50:
39:
30:
3652:Catachresis
3637:Antonomasia
3632:Antiphrasis
3574:Parallelism
3524:Epanalepsis
3487:Aposiopesis
3467:Anadiplosis
3399:Tellability
3365:Metafiction
3360:Narratology
3132:Theological
3024:Pop culture
2905:Short story
2883:Epic poetry
2604:Time travel
2417:Red herring
2402:Plot device
2373:Frame story
2326:Cliffhanger
2269:Tritagonist
2244:Protagonist
2033:17 November
1670:. Art Fund.
1668:ArtFund.org
1177:Freemasonry
1128:, cover of
1126: 1682
1080: 1666
1067:Jan Vermeer
1020:Father Time
1016: 1610
963: 1545
851: 1666
838:Jan Vermeer
798: 1620
779: 1610
762: 1545
731: 1482
657:McCarthyism
602:Animal Farm
553:John Bunyan
546:The Tempest
465: 1650
431:C. S. Lewis
367:necessarily
358:Christendom
238:in Plato's
177:áŒÎ»Î»Î·ÎłÎżÏία (
162:comes from
127:to Emperor
3800:Categories
3780:Synecdoche
3684:Dysphemism
3657:Ecphonesis
3647:Apostrophe
3589:Spoonerism
3579:Polyptoton
3559:Hyperbaton
3534:Epistrophe
3519:Consonance
3482:Antithesis
3285:Continuity
3154:Nonfiction
3118:Underwater
3014:Picaresque
2989:Historical
2974:Epistolary
2846:Fairy tale
2757:Peripeteia
2739:Exposition
2495:Dreamworld
2437:Stereotype
2407:Plot twist
2155:Antagonist
1947:2020-10-12
1913:2020-10-12
1888:2020-10-12
1868:2020-10-12
1844:2020-10-12
1696:. p.
1595:1186, 1189
1540:2019-11-06
1454:(2): 138.
1314:2024-07-04
1217:. vol. 1.
1199:References
665:Communists
452:Detail of
325:See also:
276:Philologia
3785:Tautology
3711:Apophasis
3689:Euphemism
3672:Hyperbole
3662:Ekphrasis
3554:Hypallage
3544:Hendiadys
3539:Epizeuxis
3529:Epiphrase
3497:Asyndeton
3492:Assonance
3176:Narration
3125:Superhero
3049:Chivalric
3034:Religious
3019:Political
2954:Adventure
2939:Biography
2861:Tall tale
2709:Structure
2694:Symbolism
2662:Narration
2562:Leitmotif
2490:Crossover
2485:Backstory
2442:Story arc
2392:MacGuffin
2363:Flashback
2304:Backstory
2180:Confidant
2160:Archenemy
2147:Character
2139:Narrative
2088:allegoria
1468:170201374
1288:áŒÎ»Î»Î·ÎłÎżÏία
1188:Semiotics
723:Primavera
511:arms race
362:Therefore
248:ii. 32).
179:allegorĂa
167:allegoria
79:Etymology
61:narrative
3806:Allegory
3748:Pleonasm
3738:Oxymoron
3733:Metonymy
3728:Metaphor
3701:Innuendo
3677:Adynaton
3642:Aphorism
3627:Allusion
3622:Allegory
3594:Symploce
3569:Isocolon
3502:Chiasmus
3472:Anaphora
3382:Glossary
3377:Rhetoric
3184:Diegesis
3164:Creative
3137:Thriller
3086:Southern
3004:Paranoid
2999:Nautical
2910:Vignette
2868:Gamebook
2836:Folklore
2743:Protasis
2622:Allegory
2567:Metaphor
2525:parallel
2520:universe
2500:Dystopia
2457:Suspense
2343:Dialogue
2331:Conflict
2239:Narrator
2211:Hamartia
2093:Eclogues
2082:Eclogues
2023:(1919).
1770:(2000).
1731:13 March
1647:Archived
1572:7 August
1141:See also
1113:Flemish
1018:), with
950:Bronzino
879:–
867:–
840:–
804:(1638);
787:–
770:–
751:–
749:Bronzino
739:–
720:–
701:–
679:–
659:and the
645:–
633:–
599:–
587:–
567:–
555:–
543:–
531:–
516:dystopia
503:One Ring
404:John Ray
296:Psalm 80
236:the Cave
160:allegory
69:symbolic
57:allegory
3723:Litotes
3716:Sarcasm
3694:Meiosis
3454:Schemes
3312:Prequel
3268:Related
3254:Present
3147:Western
3103:Science
3076:Fantasy
3044:Romance
2994:Mystery
2979:Ergodic
2944:Fiction
2900:Parable
2895:Novella
2825:Fabliau
2796:Premise
2647:Imagery
2637:Diction
2515:country
2472:Setting
2452:Subplot
2274:Villain
2227:Byronic
2010:(1966)
1991:(1957)
1383:(ed.).
1344:áŒÎłÎżÏΔÏÏ
1246:May 19,
1183:Parable
908:Gallery
667:in the
575:Goodman
408:Galileo
381:masques
348:reality
304:Ezekiel
298:of the
187:agoreuo
173:of the
141:History
98:Fortuna
3775:Simile
3614:Tropes
3604:Zeugma
3599:Tmesis
3507:Climax
3316:Sequel
3300:Retcon
3295:Reboot
3259:Future
3093:Horror
3081:Gothic
3066:Satire
2984:Erotic
2851:Legend
2753:Climax
2627:Bathos
2534:Utopia
2422:Reveal
2321:Cliché
2299:Action
2293:Ab ovo
2232:Tragic
2050:
1817:
1786:
1704:
1639:
1601:
1563:
1513:
1503:
1466:
1393:
1271:
1221:
978:Titian
903:(2012)
900:Verity
885:(2006)
873:(1896)
745:(1514)
651:: The
169:, the
3706:Irony
3323:Genre
3290:Canon
3241:Tense
3159:Novel
3142:Urban
3054:Prose
3039:Rogue
2964:Crime
2959:Comic
2920:Genre
2890:Novel
2841:Fable
2819:Drama
2784:films
2614:Style
2582:Motif
2572:Moral
2557:Irony
2549:Theme
2462:Trope
1700:â10.
1650:(PDF)
1625:(PDF)
1511:JSTOR
1464:S2CID
1360:áŒÎłÎżÏÎŹ
1328:áŒÎ»Î»ÎżÏ
1024:Death
579:Faith
253:Plato
224:Homer
197:Types
191:agora
183:allos
175:Greek
164:Latin
59:is a
51:As a
40:Pearl
31:Pearl
3512:Anti
3328:List
3249:Past
3108:Hard
3061:Saga
2969:Docu
2925:List
2856:Myth
2811:Form
2699:Tone
2672:Hook
2657:Mood
2652:Mode
2510:city
2397:Pace
2284:Plot
2222:Anti
2217:Hero
2200:Foil
2048:ISBN
2035:2015
1815:ISBN
1784:ISBN
1733:2017
1702:ISBN
1637:ISBN
1599:ISBN
1574:2009
1561:ISBN
1501:ISBN
1391:ISBN
1269:ISBN
1248:2020
1219:ISBN
820:The
577:and
394:and
300:vine
246:Livy
115:and
3758:Pun
2717:Act
1780:101
1751:doi
1629:doi
1456:doi
826:by
800:),
690:Art
663:of
491:'s
475:'s
456:'s
429:by
398:'s
255:'s
3802::
3314:/
1940:.
1906:.
1861:.
1837:.
1782:.
1724:.
1692:.
1666:.
1645:.
1635:.
1597:.
1532:,
1509:.
1462:.
1452:58
1450:.
1307:.
1238:.
1123:c.
1121:,
1117:,
1097:,
1077:c.
1069:,
1049:c.
1041:,
1013:c.
988:c.
980:,
960:c.
952:,
927:,
848:c.
812:c.
795:c.
776:c.
759:c.
728:c.
709:c.
615:â
462:c.
460:,
433:.
90::
3438:e
3431:t
3424:v
2927:)
2923:(
2755:/
2741:/
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2124:t
2117:v
2096:.
2084:"
2071::
2056:.
2016:.
2004:.
1997:.
1950:.
1916:.
1891:.
1871:.
1847:.
1823:.
1792:.
1757:.
1753::
1735:.
1710:.
1698:1
1631::
1607:.
1576:.
1517:.
1470:.
1458::
1399:.
1317:.
1277:.
1250:.
1075:(
1054:)
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