96:
20:
119:
on 22 May 1863 the Diet sent a sharp note to the King: "The House of
Deputies has no further means of coming to terms with this ministry.... Every further negotiation only strengthens our conviction that a chasm separates the advisors to the Crown and the Country." As a result, the king finally dissolved the diet.
118:
and after the president of the parliament interrupted
Bismarck during a dispute over his Polish policy, he stated that he answered only to the King and was “not subject to the disciplinary authority vested in the president of the parliament.” The struggle between Bismarck and the Diet continued, and
79:’s court to negotiate common measures with regard to the insurgents. The two powers agreed on the right of each of their military forces to cross the border in pursuit of Polish revolutionaries and to extradite them to Russian military courts.
154:
The convention improved Russo-Prussian relations, while Franco-Russian relations were strained by the open sympathy
Napoleon III had shown towards the Poles. Bismarck himself later saw it as a precondition for the Russian neutrality in the
122:
Meanwhile, Bismarck publicly stated it was on the initiative of the
Russians that the treaty had been formed, while Russian Foreign Minister Gorchakov declared that the Convention has never been put into force.
593:
369:
407:
331:
103:
Bismarck, who had just been appointed Prime
Minister in September 1862 and ruled without a parliamentary majority, was criticized by liberal Prussian politicians like
552:
448:
67:
occurred. Prussia immediately closed its border and mobilised the
Prussian Army to secure its eastern provinces against a similar event. Initiated by Prime Minister
151:
already showed a map of Europe to the
Austrian ambassador, which contained an independent Poland and a major realignment of European frontiers.
645:
514:
660:
577:
353:
640:
665:
630:
391:
315:
536:
432:
650:
587:
546:
486:
442:
363:
325:
298:
268:
230:
196:
147:, showed his sympathies towards the uprising and suggested the dismissal of Bismarck as Prussian Prime Minister.
401:
510:
625:
72:
655:
95:
620:
635:
260:
76:
40:
478:
288:
220:
186:
104:
148:
506:
144:
131:
The convention was criticized by western liberals and led to a serious diplomatic crisis.
8:
160:
156:
48:
253:
108:
36:
82:
The convention was never implemented as Russia dealt on its own with Polish uprising.
583:
542:
482:
471:
438:
397:
359:
321:
294:
264:
226:
192:
68:
115:
60:
136:
64:
44:
32:
614:
393:
Bismarck and the development of
Germany: the period of unification, 1815-1871
132:
140:
19:
507:"Eisen und Blut (iron and blood) The way to a German Nation-State"
188:
Encyclopedia of the United
Nations and international agreements
505:
Anderlik, Heidemarie; Asmuss, Burkhard; Spenkuch, Hartwin.
538:
504:
470:
252:
612:
47:on 8 February 1863 by General Alvensleben and
430:
75:personal adjutant, was dispatched to Tsar
571:
569:
426:
424:
313:
184:
111:, who sympathized with the Poles plight.
99:Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck
85:
23:Congress Poland (grey) and Prussia (blue)
307:
282:
280:
259:. Southern Illinois University. p.
126:
94:
18:
534:
468:
389:
214:
212:
210:
208:
613:
575:
566:
477:. Princeton University Press. p.
421:
351:
314:Grenville, John Ashley Soames (2000).
286:
246:
244:
242:
16:1863 treaty between Russia and Prussia
345:
277:
218:
250:
205:
180:
178:
176:
239:
13:
646:Treaties of the Kingdom of Prussia
14:
677:
173:
114:The treaty led to clashes in the
61:uprising against the Russian rule
54:
661:1863 in the German Confederation
493:alvensleben convention napoleon.
51:, the Russian Foreign Minister.
596:from the original on 2023-09-20
555:from the original on 2023-09-20
528:
517:from the original on 2012-10-10
498:
451:from the original on 2023-09-20
410:from the original on 2023-09-20
372:from the original on 2023-09-20
352:Lerman, Katherine Anne (2004).
334:from the original on 2023-09-20
641:Treaties of the Russian Empire
462:
383:
185:Osmańczyk, Edmund Jan (2003).
1:
511:Deutsches Historisches Museum
290:European diplomacy, 1870-1939
166:
90:
666:Bilateral treaties of Russia
431:Feuchtwanger, Edgar (2002).
219:Hayes, Bascom Barry (1994).
7:
579:The Great Powers, 1814-1914
473:A History of Modern Germany
10:
682:
651:1863 in the Russian Empire
320:. Blackwell. p. 252.
317:Europe reshaped, 1848-1878
541:. Routledge. p. 76.
437:. Routledge. p. 92.
222:Bismarck and Mitteleuropa
191:. Routledge. p. 81.
139:protested and especially
31:was a treaty between the
631:Prussia–Russia relations
293:. Heinemann. p. 7.
251:Kent, George O. (1978).
582:. Nelson. p. 252.
358:. Pearson. p. 94.
535:Cassels, Alan (1996).
469:Holborn, Hajo (1982).
390:Pflanze, Otto (1971).
287:Peaple, Simon (2002).
255:Bismarck and his times
100:
86:Political consequences
77:Alexander II of Russia
41:Gustav von Alvensleben
39:, named after general
29:Alvensleben Convention
24:
576:Wilmot, Eric (1992).
127:International affairs
105:Hans Victor von Unruh
98:
22:
145:Second French Empire
161:Franco-Prussian War
71:, Alvensleben, the
59:In January 1863 an
49:Alexander Gorchakov
43:. It was signed in
109:Heinrich von Sybel
101:
37:Kingdom of Prussia
25:
143:, Emperor of the
69:Otto von Bismarck
673:
626:January Uprising
605:
604:
602:
601:
573:
564:
563:
561:
560:
532:
526:
525:
523:
522:
502:
496:
495:
476:
466:
460:
459:
457:
456:
428:
419:
418:
416:
415:
387:
381:
380:
378:
377:
349:
343:
342:
340:
339:
311:
305:
304:
284:
275:
274:
258:
248:
237:
236:
216:
203:
202:
182:
116:Prussian Landtag
681:
680:
676:
675:
674:
672:
671:
670:
656:1863 in Prussia
611:
610:
609:
608:
599:
597:
590:
574:
567:
558:
556:
549:
533:
529:
520:
518:
503:
499:
489:
467:
463:
454:
452:
445:
429:
422:
413:
411:
404:
396:. p. 196.
388:
384:
375:
373:
366:
350:
346:
337:
335:
328:
312:
308:
301:
285:
278:
271:
249:
240:
233:
217:
206:
199:
183:
174:
169:
157:Austro-Prussian
149:Empress Eugenie
137:Austrian Empire
129:
93:
88:
73:Prussian King's
65:Congress Poland
57:
17:
12:
11:
5:
679:
669:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
621:1863 in Poland
607:
606:
588:
565:
547:
527:
497:
487:
461:
443:
420:
402:
382:
364:
344:
326:
306:
299:
276:
269:
238:
231:
225:. p. 93.
204:
197:
171:
170:
168:
165:
128:
125:
92:
89:
87:
84:
56:
55:The Convention
53:
45:St. Petersburg
33:Russian Empire
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
678:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
636:1863 treaties
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
616:
595:
591:
589:0-17-435056-2
585:
581:
580:
572:
570:
554:
550:
548:0-415-11927-8
544:
540:
539:
531:
516:
512:
508:
501:
494:
490:
488:0-691-00797-7
484:
480:
475:
474:
465:
450:
446:
444:0-415-21613-3
440:
436:
435:
427:
425:
409:
405:
399:
395:
394:
386:
371:
367:
365:0-582-03740-9
361:
357:
356:
348:
333:
329:
327:0-631-21914-5
323:
319:
318:
310:
302:
300:0-435-32734-8
296:
292:
291:
283:
281:
272:
270:0-8093-0858-4
266:
262:
257:
256:
247:
245:
243:
234:
232:0-8386-3512-1
228:
224:
223:
215:
213:
211:
209:
200:
198:0-415-93924-0
194:
190:
189:
181:
179:
177:
172:
164:
162:
158:
152:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
133:Great Britain
124:
120:
117:
112:
110:
106:
97:
83:
80:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
52:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
598:. Retrieved
578:
557:. Retrieved
537:
530:
519:. Retrieved
500:
492:
472:
464:
453:. Retrieved
433:
412:. Retrieved
392:
385:
374:. Retrieved
354:
347:
336:. Retrieved
316:
309:
289:
254:
221:
187:
153:
141:Napoleon III
130:
121:
113:
102:
81:
58:
28:
26:
615:Categories
600:2021-11-27
559:2021-11-27
521:2010-01-24
455:2021-11-27
414:2021-11-27
403:0691007659
376:2021-11-27
338:2021-11-27
167:References
91:In Prussia
594:Archived
553:Archived
515:Archived
449:Archived
434:Bismarck
408:Archived
370:Archived
355:Bismarck
332:Archived
135:and the
35:and the
586:
545:
485:
441:
400:
362:
324:
297:
267:
229:
195:
584:ISBN
543:ISBN
483:ISBN
439:ISBN
398:ISBN
360:ISBN
322:ISBN
295:ISBN
265:ISBN
227:ISBN
193:ISBN
159:and
107:and
27:The
479:166
63:in
617::
592:.
568:^
551:.
513:.
509:.
491:.
481:.
447:.
423:^
406:.
368:.
330:.
279:^
263:.
261:45
241:^
207:^
175:^
163:.
603:.
562:.
524:.
458:.
417:.
379:.
341:.
303:.
273:.
235:.
201:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
