404:
392:
59:
74:
556:. However, Rome exercised fairly light control over Achaea: no Roman garrisons were posted there, native religious and social groups were widely tolerated by the Romans, and a general sense of free determination amongst the Greeks was commonplace. After the reign of Augustus the province of Achaea was combined with
544:
established Achaea as a senatorial province; generally speaking, the region benefited from the enlightened attitude of Roman emperors such as
Augustus. This was because Achaea was geographically closer to Rome than other provinces, and so it was given political advantages and greater status in order
277:; conversely, a distinct region of Achaea is not mentioned. The region later known as Achaea is instead referred to as Aegialus. Both Herodotus and Pausanias recount the legend that the Achaean tribe was forced out of their lands in the Argolis by the
312:
to the ancient region of Achaea, showing that the name, locally at least, still preserved the use from the
Classical period. The name, Achaea, was later used in the crusader state, the
576:
to be politically free from the Roman Empire, and the Greeks began their own autonomous rule. However, Roman authority over Greece was reestablished soon after with
Emperor
289:) out of their land. The Ionians took temporary refuge in Athens, and Aegialus became known as Achaea. It was supposedly for this reason that the region known as Achaea in
424:
which had important cultural and religious functions. In its later 3rd century BC incarnation the
Achaean League would play an important role in Greek politics.
624:
612:
822:
560:
from the years 15 until 44, coinciding with the frontier troubles. This combined imperial province was overseen by a governor placed at
597:
645:
316:(1205–1432), which comprised the whole Peloponnese, thus more closely following Roman use. The modern Greek prefecture of
721:
694:
296:
Under the Romans, Achaea was a province covering much of central and southern Greece. This is the Achaea referenced in the
473:, were seen in the days leading up to the earthquake. The quake hit at night causing Helike to subside and then a massive
861:
469:
was destroyed in a great cataclysm. "Immense columns of flame", the first record in history of the phenomenon of
17:
508:
686:
The
Athenian Agora: Results of Excavations Conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens
496:. But soon when oligarchs retook the cities of Achaea they allied with Sparta against Epaminondas. At the
497:
557:
493:
376:
535:
503:
The
Achaeans were part of the Greek alliance led by Thebes and Athens which was defeated by King
226:
308:
15:26 and 16:5). However, Pausanias, writing in the 2nd century AD, devotes one of the books of
803:
428:
313:
711:
684:
797:
667:
305:
504:
301:
58:
8:
285:
of the
Peloponnese. Consequently, the Achaeans forced the Aegialians (now known as the
73:
717:
690:
512:
470:
107:
548:
The rule of Achaea in Roman times was placed under the Senate while a proconsul of
492:' third invasion of the Peloponnese, the Achaean cities agreed to an alliance with
347:
290:
268:
258:
242:
230:
177:
147:
28:
669:
A Manual of the
Ancient History of the East to the Commencement of the Median Wars
500:
in 362 BC the
Achaeans were allied to Sparta, Athens and Mantinea against Thebes.
866:
478:
443:
in Greek) horns. The
Sicyonians retreated and the Hyperesians renamed their town
403:
282:
524:
482:
421:
217:
201:
131:
391:
855:
837:
824:
439:. The locals defended their city by placing burning torches on their goats' (
332:
297:
234:
565:
545:
for the Roman court to maintain a political equilibrium within the empire.
451:
408:
362:
97:
775:
489:
396:
222:
121:
580:, who placed the province once again in the hands of the Roman Senate.
665:
792:
786:
577:
511:
in 338 BC. Subsequently, Achaea was part of the Macedonian dominated
432:
366:
336:
552:
rank was appointed as its governor with the administrative seat in
541:
450:
During the 5th century BC the cities of Achaea were neutral in the
359:
355:
553:
549:
474:
444:
380:
369:
335:
have been found in the ancient area of Achaea dating back to the
286:
278:
481:
to inundate the city. All the inhabitants perished. The city of
573:
561:
540:
Achaea was conquered by the Romans in the year 146 BC. Emperor
466:
459:
455:
436:
351:
328:
317:
238:
87:
64:
462:. We begin to hear more of Achaea in the following centuries.
159:
781:
770:
372:
340:
273:
264:
569:
246:
192:
189:
180:
162:
150:
111:
343:
485:, further inland, was also destroyed in the earthquake.
682:
420:
The twelve cities of Achaea were grouped into an early
249:
in the west, Achaea is generally a mountainous region.
659:
263:
The name of Achaea has a slightly convoluted history.
186:
156:
183:
153:
454:and were usually neutral in the struggles between
383:in Achaia and dated to the thirteenth century BC.
709:
666:François Lenormant; Elisabeth Chevallier (1871).
853:
229:. Its approximate boundaries are: to the south,
415:
716:. Oxford University Press. pp. 106, 511.
365:from this ancient region. Among other finds,
676:
271:as a generic term for Greeks throughout the
753:
751:
713:The Oxford Illustrated Prehistory of Europe
703:
293:did not correspond to Homeric references.
748:
402:
390:
320:is largely based on the ancient region.
225:, occupying the coastal strip north of
14:
854:
407:Map showing the position of Achaea in
216:
629:
447:(Greek: Aίγειρα) to honor the goats.
221:) is the northernmost region of the
24:
672:. Lippincott & co. p. 33.
25:
878:
710:Barry W. Cunliffe (24 May 2001).
518:
814:Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire
683:Sara Anderson Immerwahr (1971).
323:
176:
146:
72:
57:
739:
730:
529:
465:In 373 BC, the Achaean city of
435:was threatened by an army from
816:. New York: Facts on File Inc.
650:
638:
617:
605:
590:
245:. Apart from the plain around
13:
1:
583:
416:Archaic and Classical Greece
375:have been discovered during
7:
399:(southern mainland Greece).
10:
883:
764:
568:. In the year 67, Emperor
533:
522:
386:
256:
26:
205:
127:
117:
103:
93:
83:
71:
56:
49:
43:
39:
812:Bunson, Matthew (1994).
745:Pausanias, Achaea 7.24.6
736:Pausanias, Achaea 7.26.2
431:, in 688 BC the city of
27:Not to be confused with
862:Ancient Greek geography
536:Achaea (Roman province)
350:from materials such as
281:, during the legendary
252:
241:; and to the west, the
689:. ASCSA. p. 276.
412:
400:
314:Principality of Achaea
135:(ca. 260–146 BC)
808:Description of Greece
406:
394:
310:Description of Greece
233:; to the south-east,
78:Map of ancient Achaea
505:Philip II of Macedon
838:38.0868°N 21.8598°E
834: /
656:Pausanias, book VII
509:Battle of Chaeronea
477:rushed in from the
395:Ancient regions of
358:have been found in
498:Battle of Mantinea
488:In 367 BC, during
413:
401:
31:in Central Greece.
723:978-0-19-285441-4
696:978-0-87661-213-2
601:II, 574–575
513:Corinthian League
471:earthquake lights
304:18:12 and 19:21;
139:
138:
16:(Redirected from
874:
849:
848:
846:
845:
844:
843:38.0868; 21.8598
839:
835:
832:
831:
830:
827:
758:
755:
746:
743:
737:
734:
728:
727:
707:
701:
700:
680:
674:
673:
663:
657:
654:
648:
646:I, 143–147
642:
636:
635:Pausanias VII, 1
633:
627:
621:
615:
609:
603:
594:
291:Classical Greece
259:Achaeans (tribe)
231:Mount Erymanthus
220:
218:[akʰaía]
215:
207:
199:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
152:
76:
61:
37:
36:
34:Region in Greece
29:Achaea Phthiotis
21:
882:
881:
877:
876:
875:
873:
872:
871:
852:
851:
842:
840:
836:
833:
828:
825:
823:
821:
820:
767:
762:
761:
756:
749:
744:
740:
735:
731:
724:
708:
704:
697:
681:
677:
664:
660:
655:
651:
643:
639:
634:
630:
622:
618:
610:
606:
595:
591:
586:
538:
532:
527:
521:
479:Corinthian Gulf
418:
389:
326:
283:Dorian invasion
261:
255:
237:; to the east,
213:
179:
175:
149:
145:
134:
79:
67:
52:
45:
42:
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
880:
870:
869:
864:
818:
817:
810:
801:
790:
779:
766:
763:
760:
759:
747:
738:
729:
722:
702:
695:
675:
658:
649:
637:
628:
616:
604:
588:
587:
585:
582:
534:Main article:
531:
528:
525:Achaean League
523:Main article:
520:
519:Achaean League
517:
422:Achaean League
417:
414:
388:
385:
325:
322:
267:uses the term
257:Main article:
254:
251:
243:Larissos river
214:Ancient Greek:
137:
136:
132:Achaean League
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
77:
69:
68:
62:
54:
53:
50:
47:
46:
40:
33:
18:Ancient Achaea
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
879:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
857:
850:
847:
815:
811:
809:
805:
802:
800:
799:
798:The Histories
794:
791:
789:
788:
783:
780:
778:
777:
772:
769:
768:
754:
752:
742:
733:
725:
719:
715:
714:
706:
698:
692:
688:
687:
679:
671:
670:
662:
653:
647:
641:
632:
626:
620:
614:
608:
602:
600:
593:
589:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
543:
537:
526:
516:
514:
510:
506:
501:
499:
495:
491:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
427:According to
425:
423:
410:
405:
398:
393:
384:
382:
378:
374:
371:
368:
364:
363:chamber tombs
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
342:
338:
334:
330:
324:Proto-History
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:New Testament
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
275:
270:
266:
260:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
235:Mount Cyllene
232:
228:
224:
219:
211:
203:
197:
173:
167:
143:
133:
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
75:
70:
66:
63:Roman odeon,
60:
55:
48:
38:
30:
19:
819:
813:
807:
796:
785:
774:
741:
732:
712:
705:
685:
678:
668:
661:
652:
640:
631:
619:
607:
598:
592:
566:Danube River
547:
539:
530:Roman period
502:
487:
464:
452:Persian Wars
449:
440:
426:
419:
409:Peloponnesus
327:
309:
295:
272:
262:
209:
171:
141:
140:
104:Major cities
841: /
776:The Odyssey
490:Epaminondas
397:Peloponnese
377:excavations
346:and blades
223:Peloponnese
128:Key periods
98:Peloponesse
856:Categories
829:21°51′35″E
826:38°05′12″N
757:Bunson, 1.
644:Herodotus
623:Herodotus
611:Herodotus
584:References
564:along the
550:Praetorian
360:megalithic
348:fabricated
804:Pausanias
793:Herodotus
787:The Iliad
578:Vespasian
572:declared
558:Macedonia
433:Hyperesia
429:Pausanias
367:alabaster
337:Neolithic
333:cromlechs
613:VIII, 73
542:Augustus
356:obsidian
339:period.
269:Achaeans
118:Dialects
94:Location
765:Sources
625:VII, 94
596:Homer,
554:Corinth
507:at the
475:tsunami
445:Aigeira
387:History
381:Antheia
370:pottery
329:Dolmens
300:(e.g.,
287:Ionians
279:Dorians
227:Arcadia
84:Country
867:Achaea
720:
693:
574:Greece
562:Moesia
494:Thebes
467:Helike
460:Sparta
456:Athens
437:Sicyon
373:sherds
352:quartz
318:Achaea
306:Romans
239:Sicyon
210:Akhaia
172:Achaia
142:Achaea
108:Patras
88:Greece
65:Patras
51:Region
41:Achaea
782:Homer
771:Homer
599:Iliad
483:Boura
441:aiges
341:Flint
274:Iliad
265:Homer
206:Ἀχαΐα
202:Greek
170:) or
122:Doric
44:Ἀχαΐα
718:ISBN
691:ISBN
570:Nero
458:and
344:axes
331:and
302:Acts
253:Name
247:Dyme
112:Dyme
379:at
354:or
858::
806:,
795:,
784:,
773:,
750:^
515:.
212:,
208:,
204::
200:;
190:aɪ
160:iː
110:,
726:.
699:.
411:.
196:/
193:ə
187:k
184:ˈ
181:ə
178:/
174:(
166:/
163:ə
157:k
154:ˈ
151:ə
148:/
144:(
20:)
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