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623:, the town had a population of 262 people. There was a surplus of males (54.1%) over females (45.9%). Their median age was 57 years, nineteen years older than the national median of 38. Children under 15 made up 10.8% of the population, and people aged 65 years and over made up 31.3%. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 4.6% of the population. Most (75.2%) were born in Australia; the next most common countries of birth were England 6.1%, Austria 1.5%, Germany 1.5%, Croatia 1.5% and Italy 1.1%. The most common religious affiliation was "No Religion" 52.3%, followed by Catholic 17.6%, and non-denominational Christian 4.6%.
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611:, more houses were built and transported in. Many of the town's houses came from the demobilisation of Woomera. A transformation then took place. Not many people still live in the traditional dugout style houses of old, although remnants of the town's past remain in the main street, with the cottages of old miners dug into the side of the hill in the main street still standing.
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The earliest miners occupied rough dugouts driven into the side of a hill. The underground portions provided excellent insulation against the extremes of outside temperature. Being unsurveyed, occupancy was determined by tenuous Miners' Right. That situation deterred capital investment and so in the
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who gave the settlement a 'Wild West' reputation, were gradually displaced from the 1960s and 70s by the arrival of miners using bulldozers which made deep cuts to reach the respective opal levels, from where horizontal drives could easily be made to fully exploit the level. The several opal levels
493:
Andamooka lies on
Kokatha traditional land. The name is derived from a salt lake, named from the Aboriginal "Andemorka", by which the locality was known to Europeans as early as 1866, well before opal was discovered. The meaning is uncertain. At that time (1866) it was also known as 'Swinden's
641:
Until recently, Andamooka townsfolk had to rely on water supplies trucked in from Roxby Downs, or above ground cisterns for the limited rainfall of the region. A pipeline to the township has since been built, although water still has to be trucked to the town's water tanks.
498:, the leader of the small horseback party which discovered it in 1857. They described it as a tract of 'generally sterile country, but having some patches of good pastoral land'. It was those meagre prospects which attracted pastoralists, resulting in the foundation of
587:
1970s
Andamooka was essentially a declining shanty town. Civic affairs, such as they were, were organised by a citizens' progress association. Their limited activities mainly related to electricity generation and supply, and maintaining the dirt airstrip in case the
574:. However, while the opal may be easier to reach, it is generally scarcer and poorer in quality. Those factors always made this gem field attractive to smaller prospectors with limited capital. Nevertheless, some remarkable gems have been mined, including the
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was needed. All roads were unsealed tracks, while the main street was a dry rocky creek bed (unless there was a rare thunderstorm). There were few government agencies. Until a police station was opened in 1966, the police made routine weekly visits from
604:. Unless there was an emergency in between these visits, the isolated settlement was self-policing. An establishment named the Tucker Box, which was a licensed restaurant, was the social hub. The Andamooka Co-Op Ltd supplied groceries and fuel.
502:, which for the next half century was the only industry. Since the granting of Native Title and pastoral leases in 2014, the Indigenous-owned Kokotha Pastoral Company now operates Andamooka Station, together with the adjacent Purple Downs and
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1304:
DO HEREBY assign the boundaries LYNDHURST, LEIGH CREEK, COPLEY, PARACHILNA, MARLA, NEPABUNNA, OODNADATTA, ANDAMOOKA, PENONG, COORABIE and FOWLERS BAY to those areas shown numbered 1 to 11 respectively on Rack Plan
561:
There are numerous opal fields in
Andamooka district, one of the principal outliers being White Dam. The original pick and shovel shaft miners, many of whom were the bush characters and social
1189:"Search results for "Andamooka, LOCB" with the following datasets selected - 'Suburbs and localities', 'Government Towns', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'"
1495:"Andamooka Historic Precinct (Historical Museum Reserve), including Frank Albertoni's house, Bob Cutzow's Dugout, Tom Brady's Dugout, Mrs Perry's Kitchen and Andy Absalom's House"
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708:, with daytime temperatures in summer regularly topping 40 °C (104 °F) and night temperatures in winter often dropping close to zero (32 °F).
660:" was presented to Queen Elizabeth II on the occasion of her first visit to Australia in 1954. This opal, once cut, weighed in at 203 carats (40.6 g).
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1525:"Dick Clark's Residence including semi-dugout living room, two detached sleep-outs and workroom, together with dry-stone walling and connecting paths"
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537:(containing Frank Albertoni's House, Bob Cutzow's Dugout, Tom Brady's Dugout, Mrs Perry's Kitchen and Andy Absalom's House) and
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is extremely low, even by
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was discovered there in 1930, and the town developed out of the scattered miners' camps which established in the area. An
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in 1990. The road into
Andamooka was sealed in the 1990s, some remaining roads in the town are still unsealed.
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Proving 'the knockers' wrong: Kokotha people bring new life to run-down cattle stations in northern SA
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1580:. Australian Screen Online, part of the National Film and Sound Archives
1531:. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Archived from
1501:. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Archived from
1396:"Federal electoral division of Grey, boundary gazetted 16 December 2011"
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Its main industry was mining. Since the establishment of the nearby
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A number of historic buildings in the town are heritage-listed: the
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1255:"CROWN LANDS ACT, 1929-1975: CONSTITUTION OF THE TOWN OF ANDAMOOKA"
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in the 1980s, some residents of
Andamooka are now employed in the
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Post Office was not opened until 13 January 1947, and was renamed
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1452:. Outback Communities Authority, Government of South Australia
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people. Andamooka is the largest town administered by the
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filmed its exterior shots in and around
Andamooka. The "
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Andamooka was also referenced in the Max Brooks novel,
1439:
Bailliere's South
Australian Gazetteer, 1866, page 14.
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Places in the unincorporated areas of South
Australia
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at
Andamooka are not as deep as other fields such as
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1574:"Curator's notes: The Last of the Knucklemen (1979)"
1630:
South Australian Museum. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
578:which was discovered in and named after Andamooka.
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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691:, "the finest known opalised skeleton on Earth".
638:or in Roxby Downs, and many others are retired.
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1264:. Government of South Australia. p. 2253
448:is a town approximately 600 km north of
1430:, 17 February 2016. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
1294:. Government of South Australia. p. 516
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1450:"Outback Communities Authority, Andamooka"
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108:Learn how and when to remove this message
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684:in 1954, also known as the Queen's Opal.
557:Precious opal from Andamooka Opal Fields
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1292:The South Australian Government Gazette
1262:The South Australian Government Gazette
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1374:"District of Giles Background Profile"
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630:copper-uranium mine and the town of
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46:adding citations to reliable sources
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1354:. The Government of South Australia
1329:. Bureau of Meteorology. April 2014
1253:Banfield, D.H. (16 December 1976).
494:Country', after Charles Swinden of
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1555:Andamooka Community Health Service
1529:South Australian Heritage Register
1499:South Australian Heritage Register
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1327:"Climate statistics for Andamooka"
1283:Lawson, Robert (8 February 2001).
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543:South Australian Heritage Register
489:Establishment of pastoral activity
238:16 December 1976 (Government Town)
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1401:. Australian Electoral Commission
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1602:Hornery, Andrew (11 July 2009).
1349:"Far North SA government region"
602:Joint Defense Facility Nurrungar
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1831:Mining towns in South Australia
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1220:Australian Bureau of Statistics
266:600 km (373 mi) N of
33:needs additional citations for
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1669:Outback Communities Authority
1667:Communities serviced by the
1553:Port Augusta Hospital, 2003,
1195:. South Australian Government
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466:Outback Communities Authority
373:Localities around Andamooka:
280:Pastoral Unincorporated Area
57:"Andamooka, South Australia"
7:
1826:Far North (South Australia)
1118:Average precipitation days
904:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
834:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
715:Climate data for Andamooka
671:Famous opals from Andamooka
535:Andamooka Historic Precinct
474:electoral district of Giles
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653:The Last of the Knucklemen
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240:8 February 2001 (locality)
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1608:The Sydney Morning Herald
1475:. Premier Postal Auctions
1376:. ELECTORAL COMMISSION SA
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1821:Towns in South Australia
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258:76 m (249 ft)
120:Town in South Australia
1560:June 16, 2005, at the
1228:2021 Census QuickStats
1193:Location SA Map Viewer
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539:Dick Clark's Residence
210:-30.448524; 137.165126
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519:Andamooka Opal Fields
472:. It is in the state
470:local government area
1628:Opal fossils gallery
764:Record high °C (°F)
460:on the lands of the
439:Adjoining localities
42:improve this article
1535:on 16 February 2016
1505:on 16 February 2016
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689:Addyman Plesiosaur
682:Queen Elizabeth II
598:Woomera Test Range
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500:Andamooka Station
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412:Andamooka Station
405:Andamooka Station
397:Andamooka Station
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380:Andamooka Station
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53:Find sources:
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31:This article
29:
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1611:. Retrieved
1607:
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1533:the original
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1503:the original
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1048:mm (inches)
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98:October 2016
95:
85:
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71:
64:
52:
40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
1740:Leigh Creek
1715:Fowlers Bay
1539:12 February
1509:12 February
1224:"Andamooka"
665:World War Z
646:Pop culture
632:Roxby Downs
628:Olympic Dam
621:2021 census
609:Olympic Dam
568:Coober Pedy
549:Opal Mining
504:Roxby Downs
246:Postcode(s)
233:Established
226:2021 census
208: /
196:137°09′54″E
183:Coordinates
1815:Categories
1775:Parachilna
1765:Oodnadatta
1725:Innamincka
1613:27 October
1584:27 October
1578:aso.gov.au
1456:13 October
1333:13 October
1170:References
615:Population
506:Stations.
224:262 (
221:Population
193:30°26′55″S
68:newspapers
1755:Mannahill
1745:Lyndhurst
1735:Kingoonya
1730:Iron Knob
1720:Glendambo
1680:Andamooka
1405:20 August
1380:20 August
1358:16 August
1162:Source:
523:Andamooka
454:Far North
446:Andamooka
436:Footnotes
401:Andamooka
292:Far North
255:Elevation
170:Andamooka
127:Andamooka
1705:Coorabie
1700:Cockburn
1558:Archived
1427:ABC News
1233:9 August
1044:Average
829:(118.9)
824:(118.9)
819:(118.4)
814:(110.1)
809:(101.1)
784:(104.0)
779:(111.0)
774:(117.1)
769:(118.0)
702:rainfall
563:outcasts
496:Riverton
450:Adelaide
348:13.7 °C
343:27.5 °C
268:Adelaide
263:Location
1795:Woomera
1690:Blinman
1685:Beltana
1298:10 June
1268:10 June
1199:10 June
1113:(7.57)
1108:(0.73)
1103:(0.56)
1098:(0.74)
1093:(0.50)
1088:(0.50)
1083:(0.50)
1078:(0.63)
1073:(0.61)
1068:(0.58)
1063:(0.54)
1058:(0.99)
1053:(0.68)
1039:(29.1)
1034:(50.4)
1029:(46.4)
1024:(41.4)
1019:(35.1)
1014:(31.3)
1009:(29.1)
1004:(30.2)
999:(34.0)
994:(40.8)
989:(46.4)
984:(50.0)
979:(52.7)
969:(56.8)
964:(66.9)
959:(62.8)
954:(56.3)
949:(50.7)
944:(45.0)
939:(42.8)
934:(44.4)
929:(50.0)
924:(57.2)
919:(64.8)
914:(70.2)
909:(70.3)
899:(81.7)
894:(94.1)
889:(89.2)
884:(82.6)
879:(76.3)
874:(69.1)
869:(65.1)
864:(65.5)
859:(72.3)
854:(81.3)
849:(90.0)
844:(96.1)
839:(97.7)
804:(92.5)
799:(85.3)
794:(86.4)
789:(89.2)
700:Annual
696:Climate
619:In the
594:Woomera
582:Housing
484:History
462:Kokatha
452:in the
353:160 mm
82:scholar
1780:Penong
1760:Marree
1710:Copley
1479:26 May
720:Month
355:6.3 in
287:Region
275:LGA(s)
84:
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1800:Yunta
1785:Pimba
1770:Olary
1750:Marla
1399:(PDF)
1352:(PDF)
1288:(PDF)
1258:(PDF)
1157:41.7
1111:192.4
759:Year
350:57 °F
345:82 °F
304:Giles
89:JSTOR
75:books
1615:2016
1586:2016
1541:2016
1511:2016
1481:2011
1458:2016
1407:2015
1382:2015
1360:2015
1335:2016
1300:2019
1270:2019
1235:2023
1201:2019
1154:3.2
1151:3.9
1148:3.8
1145:3.9
1142:4.2
1139:4.3
1136:4.3
1133:3.6
1130:2.3
1127:2.3
1124:2.6
1121:3.3
1106:18.6
1101:14.3
1096:18.9
1091:12.6
1086:12.8
1081:12.6
1076:16.0
1071:15.5
1066:14.8
1061:13.8
1056:25.2
1051:17.3
1037:−1.6
1032:10.2
1012:−0.4
1007:−1.6
1002:−1.0
982:10.0
977:11.5
967:13.8
962:19.4
957:17.1
952:13.5
947:10.4
927:10.0
922:14.0
917:18.2
912:21.2
907:21.3
897:27.6
892:34.5
887:31.8
882:28.1
877:24.6
872:20.6
867:18.4
862:18.6
857:22.4
852:27.4
847:32.2
842:35.6
837:36.5
827:48.3
822:48.3
817:48.0
812:43.4
807:38.4
802:33.6
797:29.6
792:30.2
787:31.8
782:40.0
777:43.9
772:47.3
767:47.8
756:Dec
753:Nov
750:Oct
747:Sep
744:Aug
741:Jul
738:Jun
735:May
732:Apr
729:Mar
726:Feb
723:Jan
706:arid
687:The
676:The
636:mine
600:and
570:and
515:Opal
316:Grey
250:5722
61:news
1305:857
1027:8.0
1022:5.2
1017:1.7
997:1.1
992:4.9
987:8.0
942:7.2
937:6.0
932:6.9
456:of
44:by
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