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Andersonville did not provide its occupants with these guarantees; the prisoners at
Andersonville, without any sort of law enforcement or protections, functioned more closely to a primitive society than a civil one. As such, survival often depended on the strength of a prisoner's social network within the prison. A prisoner with friends inside Andersonville was more likely to survive than a lone prisoner. Social networks provided prisoners with food, clothes, shelter, moral support, trading opportunities and protection against other prisoners. One study found that a prisoner having a strong social network within Andersonville "had a statistically significant positive effect on survival probabilities, and that the closer the ties between friends as measured by such identifiers as ethnicity, kinship and the same home town, the bigger the effect."
381:, now nothing but mere walking skeletons, covered with filth and vermin. Many of our men, in the heat and intensity of their feeling, exclaimed with earnestness. "Can this be hell?" "God protect us!" and all thought that he alone could bring them out alive from so terrible a place. In the center of the whole was a swamp, occupying about three or four acres of the narrowed limits, and a part of this marshy place had been used by the prisoners as a sink, and excrement covered the ground, the scent arising from which was suffocating. The ground allotted to our ninety was near the edge of this plague-spot, and how we were to live through the warm summer weather in the midst of such fearful surroundings, was more than we cared to think of just then.
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828:, as chairman of a board to beautify the grounds and make a park of them. A house for a caretaker was needed, and as the women did not want to build it within the old stockade, more land was purchased making the acreage within the enclosure about 87 acres (35 ha). A ten-room house was erected, a caretaker installed, and then the tedious process of making a park was begun. Bermuda grass was planted root by root, a pear and pecan orchard set out, and a rose garden planted, with rose bushes sent from almost every state in the Union. Several states were given ground upon which to erect monuments to their dead soldiers. These were
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542:, was chosen to record the names and numbers of the dead at Andersonville, for use by the Confederacy and the federal government after the war ended. He believed, correctly, the federal government would never see the list. Therefore, he sat next to Henry Wirz, who was in charge of the prison pen, and secretly kept his own list among other papers. When Atwater was released, he put the list in his bag and took it through the lines without being caught. It was published by the
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summer of 1864, Union prisoners suffered greatly from hunger, exposure and disease. Within seven months, about a third had died from dysentery and scurvy; they were buried in mass graves, the standard practice for
Confederate prison authorities at Andersonville. In 1864, the Confederate Surgeon General asked Joseph Jones, an expert on infectious disease, to investigate the high mortality rate at the camp. He concluded that it was due to "
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446:. These resulted from filthy living conditions and poor sanitation. The only source of drinking water was a creek that also served as the camp's latrine. It was filled at all times with fecal matter from thousands of sick and dying men. Even when sufficient quantities of supplies were available, they were of poor quality and inadequately prepared.
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others state that they resulted from disease promoted by severe overcrowding; the widespread food shortage in the
Confederate States; the prison officials' incompetence; and the breakdown of the prisoner exchange system, caused by the Confederacy's refusal to include black Union troops in the exchanges. The stockade became severely overcrowded.
345:. In June 1864, it was enlarged to 26.5 acres (10.7 ha). The stockade was rectangular, of dimensions 1,620 feet (490 m) by 779 feet (237 m). There were two entrances on the west side of the stockade, known as "north entrance" and "south entrance". This allows for a space of about 5 feet by 6 feet (1.5 x 2 m) for each prisoner.
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Contrary to common belief, Wirz was not the only person prosecuted for his actions at
Andersonville. James Duncan, who had worked in the quartermaster's office at Camp Sumter, was convicted of manslaughter for allegedly withholding food from some of the prisoners. Duncan had previously been called as
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At the time of the Civil War, the concept of a prisoner of war camp was still new. It was not until 1863 that
President Lincoln demanded a code of conduct be instituted to guarantee prisoners of war an entitlement to food and medical treatment and to protect them from enslavement, torture and murder.
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In 1910, the site was donated by the WRC to the federal government. In the following year, the memorial tablet set up by the donors was unveiled. Upon the tablet are the names of the incorporators of the WRC as well as the names of the Board of
Trustees for 1909-10, and the names of the committee on
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A number of former prisoners testified about conditions at
Andersonville, many accusing Wirz of specific acts of cruelty. The court also considered official correspondence from captured Confederate records. Perhaps the most damaging was a letter to the Confederate surgeon general by James Jones, who
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Further descriptions of the camp can be found in the diary of Ransom
Chadwick, a member of the 85th New York Infantry Regiment. Chadwick and his regimental mates were taken to the Andersonville Prison, arriving on April 30, 1864. An extensive and detailed diary was kept by John L. Ransom of his time
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Although the prison was surrounded by forest, very little wood was allowed to the prisoners for warmth or cooking. This, along with the lack of utensils, made it almost impossible for the prisoners to cook the meager food rations they received, which consisted of poorly milled cornflour. During the
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was another method of escape. The death rate of the camp being around a hundred per day made disposing of bodies a relaxed procedure by the guards. Prisoners would pretend to be dead and carried out to the row of dead bodies outside of the walls. As soon as night fell the men would get up and run.
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At
Andersonville, a light fence known as "the dead line" was erected approximately 19 ft (5.8 m) inside the stockade wall. It demarcated a no-man's land that kept prisoners away from the wall, which was made of rough-hewn logs about 16 ft (4.9 m) high and stakes driven into the
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There were no new outfits given to prisoners, whose own clothing was often falling to pieces. In some cases, garments were taken from the dead. John McElroy, a prisoner at
Andersonville, recalled "Before one was fairly cold his clothes would be appropriated and divided, and I have seen many sharp
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Planning an escape from this camp was routine among the thousands of prisoners. Most men formed units to burrow out of the camp using tunnels. The locations of the tunnels would aim towards nearby forests fifty feet from the wall. Once out, escape was nearly impossible due to the poor health of
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During the war, 45,000 prisoners were received at Andersonville prison; of these nearly 13,000 died. The nature and causes of the deaths are a source of controversy among historians. Some contend that the deaths resulted from Confederate policy and were war crimes against Union prisoners, while
813:(GAR), Department of Georgia, bought the site of Andersonville Prison through membership and subscriptions. It found that as their number was growing less year by year, and as it required a great deal of money to keep up the place, it would be better for them to offer it to the
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Confederate records show that 351 prisoners (about 0.7% of all inmates) escaped, though many were recaptured. The US Army lists 32 as returning to Union lines; of the rest, some likely simply returned to civilian life without notifying the military, while others probably died.
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to investigate conditions at Camp Sumter. Jones had been appalled by what he found, and reported he vomited twice and contracted influenza from the single hour he'd toured the camp. His graphically detailed report to his superiors all but closed the case for the prosecution.
552:, the paper's owner, learned the federal government had refused the list and given Atwater much grief. Atwater believed that the commanding officer Wirz had been trying to ensure that Union prisoners would be rendered unfit to fight if they survived the prison.
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were all struggling to obtain sufficient quantities of food. The shortage of fare was suffered by prisoners and Confederate personnel alike within the fort, but the prisoners received less than the guards. Unlike the captives, the guards did not become severely
491:, calling themselves "Regulators". They caught nearly all of the Raiders, who were tried by the Regulators' judge, Peter McCullough, and a jury, selected from a group of new prisoners. This jury, upon finding the Raiders guilty, set punishment that included
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In the latter part of the summer of 1864, the Confederacy offered to conditionally release prisoners if the Union would send ships to retrieve them (Andersonville is inland, with access possible only via rail and road). In the autumn of 1864, after the
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and then Andersonville. He is credited with having been the longest-held Union prisoner of war during the Civil War, having survived a total of 661 days in Confederate hands. His diary is in the collection of the Dunn County Historical Society in
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Wirz presented evidence that he had pleaded to Confederate authorities to try to get more food and that he had tried to improve the conditions for the prisoners inside. He was found guilty, and sentenced to death. On November 10, 1865, he was
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ground. Anyone crossing or even touching this "dead line" was shot without warning by sentries in the guard platforms (called "pigeon roosts") on the stockade. (It is considered possible, although not established, that the modern term
864:. Exhibits use art, photographs, displays, and video presentations to depict the capture, living conditions, hardships, and experiences of American prisoners of war in all periods. The museum also serves as the park's visitor center.
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depicts some of the Historical players such as Capt. Henry Wirz and General John Winder and fictional prisoners in Andersonville Prison as rebel neighbors, attempting to help the prisoners, were vilified by the town of Americus,
303:, adjacent to the east side of the town of Andersonville. The site also contains the Andersonville National Cemetery and the National Prisoner of War Museum. The prison was created in February 1864 and served until April 1865.
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Visitors can walk the 26.5-acre (10.7 ha) site of Camp Sumter, which has been outlined with double rows of white posts. Two sections of the stockade wall have been reconstructed: the north gate and the northeast corner.
487:, attacked their fellow inmates to steal food, jewellery, money and clothing. They were armed mostly with clubs and killed to get what they wanted. Another group started up, organized by Peter "Big Pete" Aubrey, to stop the
824:, in 1896, representatives of the Georgia GAR came before them, and offering the old prison, asked them to accept the gift and keep it from desecration. The women accepted it as a sacred trust, and immediately appointed
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Which had been halted by orders of General Grant after a company of Union Colored soldiers were sold into slavery by Confederate officials instead of being exchanged for Confederate POWs held by the Union.
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The cemetery is the final resting place for the Union prisoners who died while being held at Camp Sumter/Andersonville as POWs. The prisoners' burial ground at Camp Sumter has been made a
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As we entered the place, a spectacle met our eyes that almost froze our blood with horror, and made our hearts fail within us. Before us were forms that had once been active and erect;—
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to relieve the overcrowding and allow prisoners to leave these terrible conditions. That request was denied. The petitioners, who had sworn to return, reported this to their comrades.
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deficiency due to a lack of fresh fruits and vegetables in their diet. The poor diets and resulting scurvy was likely a major cause of the camp's high mortality rate, as well as
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During the war, disease was the primary cause of death in both armies. Infectious disease was a chronic problem, due to poor sanitation in regular as well as prison camps.
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797:. The revelation of the prisoners' sufferings was one of the factors that affected public opinion in the North regarding the South after the close of the Civil War.
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History of Northern Wisconsin, An Account of Its Settlement, Growth, Development and Resources; an Extensive Sketch of its Counties, Cities, Towns and Villages
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932:” includes a three-volumes episode set in the imaginary prisoner-of-war camp Anderville during the American civil war, which is based upon Andersonville.
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At this stage of the war, Andersonville Prison was frequently under-supplied with food. By 1864, civilians in the Confederacy and soldiers of the
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The prison, which opened in February 1864, originally covered about 16.5 acres (6.7 ha) of land enclosed by a 15-foot (4.6 m) high
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paroled five Union soldiers to deliver a petition signed by the majority of Andersonville's prisoners asking that the Union reinstate
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disease, a condition not recognized or known during the Civil War, was the major cause of many of the fatalities among the prisoners.
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1562:"Andersonville Diary, Escape, and List of the Dead: With Name, Co., Regiment, Date of Death and No. of Grave in Cemetery"
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in May 1865, with the prisoners inside being found and described as "human skeletons amid hellish scenes of desolation".
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arrived on June 16, 1864, to muster the resources of the Catholic church and help provide relief to the prisoners.
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Roster and History of the Department of Georgia (States of Georgia and South Carolina) Grand Army of the Republic
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848:. Turner having died while in discharge of her duty, the WRC also erected a monument to her memory in the park.
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Once Wirz learned of this practice he ordered an examination by surgeons on all bodies taken out of the camp.
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Domby, Adam H. "Captives of Memory: The Contested Legacy of Race at Andersonville National Historic Site"
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Costa, Dora L; Kahn, Matthew E. "Surviving Andersonville: The Benefits of Social Networks in POW Camps,"
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As a National Cemetery, it is also used as a burial place for more recent veterans and their dependents.
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2219:"Andersonville National Historic Site – National Prisoner of War Museum (U.S. National Park Service)"
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1539:"Ransom Chadwick: An Inventory of His Andersonville Prison Diary at the Minnesota Historical Society"
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2346:, no. 299 (September, 1985). The episode begins at no. 297 p. 73, and it’s called
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563:(POW) Newell Burch also recorded Andersonville's poor conditions in his diary. A member of the
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1990:"Andersonville: Earlier War Crimes "Abuse" Trial | Strike-The-Root: A Journal of Liberty"
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held at Camp Sumter during the war, nearly 13,000 (28%) died. The chief causes of death were
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Surviving Andersonville: One Prisoner's Recollections of the Civil War's Most Notorious Camp
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Andersonville, Giving Up the Ghost, A Collection of Prisoners' Diaries, Letters and Memoirs
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prisoners. Prisoners caught trying to escape were denied rations, chain ganged, or killed.
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A Perfect Picture of Hell: Eyewitness Accounts by Civil War Prisoners from the 12th Iowa
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A Perfect Picture of Hell: Eyewitness Accounts by Civil War Prisoners from the 12th Iowa
1989:
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Andersonville prisoners and tents, southwest view showing the dead-line, August 17, 1864
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Georgia (U.S. state)
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2194:"Andersonville National Historic Site – Park Statistics (U.S. National Park Service)"
2124:"WRC National Woman's Relief Corps, Auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic, Inc"
2094:"Hell Hath a New Name: The Legend and Atrocities of Andersonville Confederate Prison"
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caused by vitamin C deficiency). In 2010, the historian Rosemary Drisdelle said that
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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Angel of Andersonville, Prince of Tahiti: The Extraordinary Life of Dorence Atwater
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Newspaper articles and clippings about the Andersonville Prison at Newspapers.com
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The Civil War: A Visual History – Rare Images and Tales of War Between the States
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The National Prisoner of War Museum opened in 1998 as a memorial to all American
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Andersonville Prison
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Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series II, Volume VII, 1899 p. 708
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Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series II, Volume VII, 1899 p. 517
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Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series II, Volume VII, 1899 p. 493
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Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series II, Volume VII, 1899 p. 381
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Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series II, Volume VII, 1899 p. 119
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a defense witness for Wirz, but was arrested when he arrived to give evidence.
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Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in Georgia (U.S. state)
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and destroyed Millen, the remaining prisoners were returned to Andersonville.
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: National Cemetery
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2075:"Myth: Henry Wirz was the only person tried for war crimes in the Civil War"
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1340:, the agreement reached in July 1862 to regulate prisoner of war exchanges
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1701:"Surviving Andersonville: The benefits of social networks in POW camps"
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on charges of war crimes. The trial was presided over by Union General
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511:
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373:, described his entry as a prisoner into the prison camp, May 2, 1864:
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315:
311:
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Temporary populated places on the National Register of Historic Places
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357:
A depiction of Andersonville Prison by John L. Ransom, former prisoner
4255:
List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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786:
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330:
2491:
Raising the White Flag: How Surrender Defined the American Civil War
1857:. Chicago: The Western Historical Company via USGenWeb. p. 283.
70:
925:. It depicts the 1865 trial of Andersonville commandant Henry Wirz.
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463:
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2679:– transcript of an 1874 newspaper article by a former prison guard
1871:. Wisconsin Decorative Arts Database, Wisconsin Historical Society
752:, commandant of the inner stockade at Camp Sumter, was tried by a
692:, all the prisoners who were well enough to be moved were sent to
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A drawing of Andersonville Prison by Thomas O'Dea, former prisoner
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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1823:. Holland, MI: Alling-Porterfield Publishing House. p. 71.
884:. It contains 13,714 graves, of which 921 are marked "unknown".
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American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places
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and the only Confederate official; the others were guerrillas
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National Register of Historic Places in Macon County, Georgia
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2251:
The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Volume 19: Violence
2113:, Atlanta, Georgia: Syl. Lester & Co. Printers, 1894, 5.
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Institutions accredited by the American Alliance of Museums
945:, tells the story of the notorious Confederate prison camp.
833:
682:
226:
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Captives in Blue: The Civil War Prisons of the Confederacy
2306:, no. 297, pp. 73–end (July, 1985).
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2493:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.
2421:
Haunted by Atrocity: Civil War Prisons in American Memory
2483:
History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850
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West Atlanta Watershed Alliance Outdoor Activity Center
785:. Wirz was one of three men executed after the war for
510:
The conditions were so poor that in July 1864, Captain
1499:"Andersonville Civil War Prison Historical Background"
2612:
Andersonville Civil War Prison Historical Background
2578:
The Andersonville Prison Diary of Alfred H. Voorhees
1676:
Parasites. Tales of Humanity's Most Unwelcome Guests
1309:
4376:
American Civil War military monuments and memorials
3857:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1909:
1907:
955:
Escape from Andersonville: A Novel of the Civil War
4316:American Civil War museums in Georgia (U.S. state)
3745:Savannah-Ogeechee Canal Museum & Nature Center
2779:Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
981:Hiram's Honor: Reliving Private Terman's Civil War
867:
855:
3888:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
3630:Autrey Mill Nature Preserve & Heritage Center
3073:Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve
2388:. Clevelandcivilwarroundtable.com. Archived from
2164:. Perry-Nalle Publishing Company. pp. 344–45
1637:. Randomhouse.com. April 20, 2000. Archived from
405:in the sense of a time limit derives from this.)
4351:Military and war museums in Georgia (U.S. state)
4326:American Civil War sites in Georgia (U.S. state)
4302:
2677:"The Rebel Prison Pen at Andersonville, Georgia"
2535:Andersonville: A Story of Rebel Military Prisons
1904:
994:A novel written in 2014 by Tracy Groot entitled
909:concerning the Andersonville prison. It won the
348:
75:Reconstruction of a section of the stockade wall
4361:National Historic Sites in Georgia (U.S. state)
4280:National Register of Historic Places portal
2606:Andersonville National Historic Site at NPS.gov
1734:"Andersonville: Prisoner of War Camp-Reading 2"
1452:. Land Resource Division, National Park Service
469:
310:, who was tried and executed after the war for
2726:
1678:. Univ. of California Publishers. p. 86.
3812:
2712:
2554:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company, 2013.
2522:Genoways, Ted & Hugh H. Genoways (eds.).
2443:Futch, Ovid. "Prison Life at Andersonville,"
1890:Official Records of the War of the Rebellion,
1850:
1761:"Scopes Trial Home Page – UMKC School of Law"
567:, Burch was captured on the first day of the
483:A group of prisoners, calling themselves the
3058:Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area
2526:. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2001.
2505:
2430:(2007) 97#4 pp. 1467–1487. econometrics
2153:
2151:
2149:
119:
94:
4396:1864 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
3730:Oxbow Meadows Environmental Learning Center
2774:Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park
2464:(University of North Carolina Press, 1994)
2161:The Part Taken by Women in American History
1807:, University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
1673:
760:and featured chief Judge Advocate General (
16:Confederate prisoner-of-war camp in Georgia
3819:
3805:
2719:
2705:
2569:The Southern Side, or Andersonville Prison
2423:. (Louisiana State University Press, 2010)
2013:, copyright 2001, University of Iowa Press
1966:
1964:
876:Andersonville National Cemetery, June 2011
728:Andersonville Prison was liberated by the
69:
4371:Protected areas of Sumter County, Georgia
3828:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
2516:The Horrors of Andersonville Rebel Prison
2146:
1816:
921:(1970), a PBS television adaptation of a
369:Robert H. Kellogg, sergeant major in the
40:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
4391:Protected areas of Macon County, Georgia
3735:Panola Mountain State Park Nature Center
1758:
1447:"Listing of acreage – December 31, 2011"
871:
739:
683:Confederacy's offer to release prisoners
412:
360:
352:
299:. Most of the site lies in southwestern
295:during the final fourteen months of the
4341:Defunct prisons in Georgia (U.S. state)
3778:Georgia Department of Natural Resources
2665:"WWW Guide to Civil War Prisons" (2004)
2326:, no. 298 (August, 1985).
1972:"Successful Escapes From Andersonville"
1961:
1869:"Plate: front view: Object Description"
4366:Prison museums in Georgia (U.S. state)
4303:
2274:Andersonville National Historic Site.
2022:
1559:
1414:"National Register Information System"
820:When the WRC was in annual session in
591:
450:fights between contesting claimants".
3800:
3068:Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary
2700:
2157:
2091:
1943:
1698:
1627:
1593:. United States National Park Service
1477:"NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report"
1464:National Park Service Acreage Reports
1436:Horrors of Andersonvile James K. Polk
584:; a mimeographed copy is held by the
2598:Andersonville National Historic Site
2486:, vol. V. New York: Macmillan, 1904.
2413:
2386:"Andersonville's Whirlpool of Death"
2276:Burial Guidelines and Qualifications
2247:
1783:"Camp Sumter / Andersonville Prison"
1469:
1419:National Register of Historic Places
371:16th Regiment Connecticut Volunteers
270:Andersonville National Historic Site
227:Andersonville National Historic Site
32:Andersonville National Historic Site
3063:Cumberland Island National Seashore
2964:Cumberland Island National Seashore
1775:
1439:
1406:
928:The Italian western comics series “
13:
4243:National Historic Preservation Act
3755:Tybee Island Marine Science Center
3715:Grand Bay Wetland Education Center
2408:
2092:Davis, Robert S. (June 20, 2014).
2049:"Clipped From The Courier-Journal"
2023:Mohney, Chris (October 11, 2017).
1892:Series II, Volume VII, 1899 p. 169
1817:Safranski, Debbie Burnett (2008).
1564:. Author – via Google Books.
1528:. Hartford, CT: L. Stebbins, 1865.
983:(2009, Hillsboro, KS: TESA Books,
533:
408:
306:The site was commanded by Captain
14:
4427:
4416:Events that led to courts-martial
3040:Pinhoti National Recreation Trail
2751:historic sites and military parks
2585:
2229:from the original on May 30, 2011
2134:from the original on June 9, 2011
1374:Washington Street Military Prison
817:(WRC), the auxiliary to the GAR.
565:154th New York Volunteer Infantry
4356:Museums in Macon County, Georgia
4285:
4284:
4273:
3720:Melvin L. Newman Wetlands Center
2591:
2519:. San Francisco: Bancroft, 1891.
2361:"Andersonville (TV 1996) – IMDb"
2342:). "Fuga da Anderville"
2254:. Univ of North Carolina Press.
2174:
1613:"Your 'Deadline' Won't Kill You"
1560:Ransom, John L. (July 4, 1881).
1312:
1293:
1281:
1269:
1257:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1149:
1137:
1125:
1106:
1094:
1082:
1070:
1058:
1046:
1034:
1022:
1010:
395:
386:as a prisoner at Andersonville.
118:
111:
93:
86:
4336:Crimes against prisoners of war
4321:American Civil War prison camps
3680:Charlie Elliott Wildlife Center
3501:Charlie Elliott Wildlife Center
2683:Andersonville National Cemetery
2455:History of Andersonville Prison
2378:
2353:
2322:). "Territorio nemico"
2281:
2268:
2241:
2211:
2186:
2116:
2104:
2085:
2067:
2041:
2035:
2016:
2004:
1992:. Strike-The-Root. May 11, 2004
1982:
1934:
1925:
1916:
1895:
1883:
1861:
1844:
1810:
1797:
1752:
1726:
1692:
1667:
1653:
1605:
1580:
1568:
1526:Life and Death in Rebel Prisons
1386:
1328:American Civil War prison camps
868:Andersonville National Cemetery
856:National Prisoner of War Museum
555:
4196:Federated States of Micronesia
3842:Architectural style categories
3725:Oatland Island Wildlife Center
3597:Robert G. Hunter Memorial Park
1663:. Parragon. 2011. p. 180.
1553:
1531:
1518:
1505:
1491:
1430:
996:The Sentinels of Andersonville
478:
234:
1:
4311:American Civil War cemeteries
3705:Elachee Nature Science Center
2994:Southern Nantahala Wilderness
2462:Andersonville: The Last Depot
2437:(2017) 63#3 pp. 253–294
2055:. October 21, 1865. p. 3
1805:Andersonville: The Last Depot
1635:"The Mavens' Word of the Day"
1399:
1077:Panoramic view from Star Fort
894:
723:
571:; he was first imprisoned at
349:Descriptions of Andersonville
336:
127:Show map of the United States
3602:Roswell Recreation and Parks
3377:Hofwyl-Broadfield Plantation
2572:. Baltimore: Turnbull, 1876.
2560:A Narrative of Andersonville
1736:. Cr.nps.gov. Archived from
1708:The American Economic Review
1288:Eight Northern states (1934)
1118:
852:transfer to the government.
804:
586:Wisconsin Historical Society
470:Survival and social networks
21:United States historic place
7:
3785:Georgia Forestry Commission
3695:Dauset Trails Nature Center
3685:Chattahoochee Nature Center
3645:Morningside Nature Preserve
3607:Seaborn Jones Memorial Park
2547:. Auburn, NY: Author, 1881.
2447:(1962) 8#2 pp. 121–35
2158:Logan, Mrs John A. (1912).
1320:Georgia (U.S. State) portal
1305:
58:U.S. National Historic Site
10:
4432:
4248:Historic Preservation Fund
4227:American Legation, Morocco
3690:Cochran Mill Nature Center
3417:Pickett's Mill Battlefield
2898:National Natural Landmarks
2769:Martin Luther King Jr. NHP
2749:National Historical Parks,
2617:December 29, 2012, at the
2302:). "Gli avvoltoi"
1003:
991:), is an historical novel.
958:. Macmillan. p. 352.
911:Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
811:Grand Army of the Republic
664:
4268:
4235:
4214:
4189:Lists by associated state
4188:
4147:
3880:
3834:
3772:
3740:Sandy Creek Nature Center
3663:
3650:Phinizy Swamp Nature Park
3620:
3549:
3538:
3488:
3440:
3332:
3094:
3085:
3048:
3025:
3007:
2949:Blood Mountain Wilderness
2934:
2896:
2835:National wildlife refuges
2833:
2815:
2792:
2747:
2738:
2563:. New York: Harper, 1866.
2538:Toledo: D.R. Locke, 1879.
2506:Primary and other sources
2278:. Accessed July 21, 2013.
2248:Wood, Amy Louise (2011).
952:; Daniel Lenihan (2008).
521:
258:
250:
245:
233:NRHP reference
232:
222:
214:
206:
169:
155:
136:
80:
68:
64:
55:
46:
37:
30:
26:
4170:Northern Mariana Islands
3665:Nature and environmental
3655:Reynolds Nature Preserve
3387:Jefferson Davis Memorial
2999:Tray Mountain Wilderness
2989:Rich Mountain Wilderness
2969:Ellicott Rock Wilderness
2566:Stevenson, R. Randolph.
2428:American Economic Review
2025:"Redecorating the Beast"
1955:Brigham Young University
1379:
735:
714:William Tecumseh Sherman
698:Florence, South Carolina
538:A young Union prisoner,
3750:Tidelands Nature Center
3496:Centennial Olympic Park
3204:James H. "Sloppy" Floyd
2984:Raven Cliffs Wilderness
2466:excerpt and text search
2172:– via Wikisource.
1785:. National Park Service
1515:, National Park Service
1479:. National Park Service
918:The Andersonville Trial
280:, preserves the former
210:514 acres (208 ha)
4381:Confederate war crimes
4165:Minor Outlying Islands
4148:Lists by insular areas
3862:Keeper of the Register
3700:Dunwoody Nature Center
3675:Birdsong Nature Center
3397:Lapham–Patterson House
3009:Wild and scenic rivers
2670:June 27, 2010, at the
2474:(2013) pp. 119–66
1851:Andreas, A.T. (1881).
1300:Unknown Soldier (1984)
877:
745:
418:
383:
366:
358:
160:Andersonville, Georgia
49:U.S. Historic district
3867:National Park Service
3847:Contributing property
3710:Georgia Nature Center
3592:Okefenokee Swamp Park
3352:Dahlonega Gold Museum
3050:Other protected areas
2979:Okefenokee Wilderness
2974:Mark Trail Wilderness
2650:32.20333°N 84.13194°W
2079:National Park Service
1976:National Park Service
1951:"Andersonville Diary"
1720:10.1257/aer.97.4.1467
1424:National Park Service
905:(1955) is a novel by
875:
766:Norton Parker Chipman
743:
485:Andersonville Raiders
416:
375:
364:
356:
191:32.19472°N 84.12889°W
4222:District of Columbia
3587:Murphey Candler Park
3357:Etowah Indian Mounds
2954:Brasstown Wilderness
2825:Chattahoochee–Oconee
2600:at Wikimedia Commons
2575:Voorhees, Alfred H.
2470:Pickenpaugh, Roger.
1699:Costa, D.L. (2007).
1674:Drisdelle R (2010).
1354:Immortal Six Hundred
1192:Massachusetts (1901)
941:(1996), directed by
815:Woman's Relief Corps
772:in 1864 was sent by
582:Menomonie, Wisconsin
569:Battle of Gettysburg
495:, being sent to the
493:running the gauntlet
434:as a consequence of
293:prisoner-of-war camp
282:Andersonville Prison
3526:Stone Mountain Park
3422:Robert Toombs House
3109:Black Rock Mountain
2944:Big Frog Wilderness
2784:Ocmulgee Mounds NHP
2655:32.20333; -84.13194
2646: /
2550:Ranzan, David, ed.
2544:Andersonville Diary
2419:Cloyd, Benjamin G.
2053:The Courier-Journal
1641:on October 16, 2013
1524:Kellogg, Robert H.
1501:. November 6, 2009.
1252:Pennsylvania (1905)
826:Lizabeth A. Turner
822:St. Paul, Minnesota
592:Prisoner population
503:and, in six cases,
456:scorbutic dysentery
390:Father Peter Whelan
259:Designated NHS
196:32.19472; -84.12889
187: /
102:Show map of Georgia
3511:Len Foote Hike Inn
3407:Little White House
3402:Lebanon Plantation
3382:Jarrell Plantation
3324:Watson Mill Bridge
3284:Standing Boy Creek
3254:Richard B. Russell
3114:Chattahoochee Bend
2959:Cohutta Wilderness
2794:National monuments
2557:Spencer, Ambrose.
2512:Chipman, Norton P.
1577:by William Stryple
1132:Connecticut (1907)
943:John Frankenheimer
923:1959 Broadway play
878:
746:
577:Richmond, Virginia
516:prisoner exchanges
419:
367:
359:
297:American Civil War
4298:
4297:
3852:Historic district
3794:
3793:
3768:
3767:
3667:education centers
3612:Shaking Rock Park
3572:Hartwell Lakeside
3567:Cobb County Parks
3534:
3533:
3289:Stephen C. Foster
3239:Providence Canyon
3081:
3080:
3035:Appalachian Trail
2848:Blackbeard Island
2759:Andersonville NHS
2596:Media related to
2499:978-1-4696-4972-6
2489:Silkenat, David.
2460:Marvel, William.
2445:Civil War History
2435:Civil War History
2414:Scholarly studies
1830:978-0-9749767-1-6
1803:Marvel, William,
1740:on August 8, 2014
1714:(97): 1467–1487.
1685:978-0-520-25938-6
1615:. Merriam-Webster
1426:. April 15, 2008.
1349:Florence Stockade
1228:New Jersey (1899)
1113:Historical marker
1053:Providence Spring
965:978-0-312-36373-4
882:national cemetery
795:Henry C. Magruder
754:military tribunal
694:Florence Stockade
690:Battle of Atlanta
662:
661:
266:
265:
246:Significant dates
164:Americus, Georgia
4423:
4288:
4287:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4201:Marshall Islands
3821:
3814:
3807:
3798:
3797:
3623:nature preserves
3582:McIntosh Reserve
3557:Bobby Brown Park
3547:
3546:
3367:Fort King George
3347:Chief Vann House
3294:Sweetwater Creek
3244:Red Top Mountain
3219:Magnolia Springs
3184:Hard Labor Creek
3174:Georgia Veterans
3119:Cloudland Canyon
3092:
3091:
2936:Wilderness areas
2916:Okefenokee Swamp
2817:National forests
2764:Jimmy Carter NHP
2745:
2744:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2698:
2697:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2595:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2392:on July 14, 2013
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2357:
2351:
2348:Fiamme di guerra
2285:
2279:
2272:
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2236:
2234:
2215:
2209:
2208:
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2173:
2171:
2169:
2155:
2144:
2143:
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2120:
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2102:
2101:
2098:Battlefields.org
2089:
2083:
2082:
2071:
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2064:
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2045:
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2014:
2008:
2002:
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1968:
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1958:
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1428:
1427:
1410:
1393:
1390:
1369:Salisbury Prison
1322:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1297:
1285:
1276:Wisconsin (1907)
1273:
1264:Tennessee (1915)
1261:
1249:
1237:
1225:
1216:Minnesota (1916)
1213:
1201:
1189:
1177:
1165:
1153:
1141:
1129:
1110:
1101:detail of graves
1098:
1086:
1074:
1062:
1050:
1038:
1026:
1014:
979:Max R. Terman's
976:
974:
972:
907:MacKinlay Kantor
862:prisoners of war
744:Capt. Henry Wirz
718:march to the sea
712:. After General
596:
595:
545:New York Tribune
423:Confederate Army
262:October 16, 1970
254:October 16, 1970
236:
218:1,436,759 (2011)
202:
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4210:
4184:
4143:
3876:
3830:
3825:
3795:
3790:
3764:
3666:
3659:
3640:Marshall Forest
3635:Fernbank Forest
3622:
3616:
3542:
3540:
3530:
3484:
3436:
3392:Kolomoki Mounds
3362:Fort McAllister
3334:
3328:
3314:Victoria Bryant
3274:Smithgall Woods
3269:Skidaway Island
3234:Panola Mountain
3214:Little Ocmulgee
3209:Laura S. Walker
3169:George T. Bagby
3164:George L. Smith
3144:Florence Marina
3104:Amicalola Falls
3077:
3044:
3027:National trails
3021:
3017:Chattooga River
3003:
2930:
2921:Panola Mountain
2911:Marshall Forest
2892:
2829:
2811:
2788:
2750:
2734:
2728:Protected areas
2725:
2672:Wayback Machine
2654:
2652:
2648:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2619:Wayback Machine
2608:– official site
2588:
2508:
2449:in Project MUSE
2416:
2411:
2409:Further reading
2406:
2405:
2395:
2393:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2367:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2336:Monti, Vincenzo
2316:Monti, Vincenzo
2296:Monti, Vincenzo
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1788:
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1763:. Law2.umkc.edu
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1590:
1588:"Andersonville"
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1382:
1338:Dix–Hill Cartel
1318:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1301:
1298:
1289:
1286:
1277:
1274:
1265:
1262:
1253:
1250:
1241:
1240:New York (1914)
1238:
1229:
1226:
1217:
1214:
1205:
1204:Michigan (1904)
1202:
1193:
1190:
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1178:
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1157:
1154:
1145:
1144:Illinois (1912)
1142:
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1090:
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1078:
1075:
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1027:
1018:
1017:Bird's eye view
1015:
1006:
970:
968:
966:
897:
870:
858:
807:
748:After the war,
738:
726:
706:Millen, Georgia
685:
667:
655:August 31, 1864
594:
561:Prisoner of war
558:
540:Dorence Atwater
536:
534:Dorence Atwater
524:
481:
472:
430:or suffer from
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409:Health problems
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284:(also known as
272:, located near
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4180:Virgin Islands
4177:
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4155:American Samoa
4151:
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4131:
4126:
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4106:
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4096:
4091:
4089:South Carolina
4086:
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4056:
4054:North Carolina
4051:
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3881:Lists by state
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3872:Property types
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3516:Radium Springs
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3462:
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3427:Travelers Rest
3424:
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3389:
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3342:A. H. Stephens
3338:
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3333:Historic parks
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3311:
3306:
3301:
3299:Tallulah Gorge
3296:
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3279:Sprewell Bluff
3276:
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3229:Moccasin Creek
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3194:Indian Springs
3191:
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3176:
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3159:General Coffee
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3139:F.D. Roosevelt
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2586:External links
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2541:Ransom, John.
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2328:Nizzi, Claudio
2308:Nizzi, Claudio
2288:Nizzi, Claudio
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2261:978-0807869284
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4129:West Virginia
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3994:Massachusetts
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3521:Sapelo Island
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3506:Jekyll Island
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4079:Pennsylvania
4059:North Dakota
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3621:Forests and
3480:Spirit Creek
3249:Reed Bingham
3134:Elijah Clark
2807:Fort Pulaski
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2396:November 16,
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1996:November 16,
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1738:the original
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1545:November 16,
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1359:Libby Prison
1333:Camp Douglas
1180:Maine (1904)
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969:. Retrieved
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301:Macon County
285:
281:
269:
267:
156:Nearest city
18:
4215:Other areas
4175:Puerto Rico
4009:Mississippi
3924:Connecticut
3577:John Tanner
3562:Chehaw Park
3372:Fort Morris
2888:Wolf Island
2863:Harris Neck
2653: /
1836:October 18,
1364:Camp Lawton
1168:Iowa (1906)
758:Lew Wallace
702:Camp Lawton
615:May 5, 1864
602:Population
479:The Raiders
290:Confederate
286:Camp Sumter
194: /
170:Coordinates
4305:Categories
4124:Washington
4044:New Mexico
4039:New Jersey
3914:California
3412:New Echota
3189:High Falls
3154:Fort Yargo
3129:Don Carter
2868:Okefenokee
2853:Bond Swamp
2843:Banks Lake
2641:84°07′55″W
2638:32°12′12″N
1645:August 30,
1541:. Mnhs.org
1400:References
971:August 14,
895:Depictions
787:war crimes
750:Henry Wirz
730:Union Army
724:Liberation
716:began his
573:Belle Isle
512:Henry Wirz
458:" (bloody
337:Conditions
312:war crimes
308:Henry Wirz
215:Visitation
182:84°07′44″W
179:32°11′41″N
147:counties,
4134:Wisconsin
4099:Tennessee
4004:Minnesota
3979:Louisiana
3543:and other
3541:municipal
3470:Hightower
3335:and sites
3224:Mistletoe
3199:Jack Hill
2168:March 16,
2128:suvcw.org
2059:March 30,
1511:Pamphlet
1483:March 30,
1456:March 30,
1119:Monuments
1065:Star Fort
846:Wisconsin
805:Aftermath
440:dysentery
436:vitamin C
428:emaciated
331:dysentery
319:prisoners
4290:Category
4119:Virginia
4069:Oklahoma
4049:New York
4024:Nebraska
4014:Missouri
3999:Michigan
3989:Maryland
3974:Kentucky
3954:Illinois
3929:Delaware
3919:Colorado
3909:Arkansas
3475:Paulding
3432:Wormsloe
3264:Seminole
2878:Savannah
2873:Piedmont
2668:Archived
2615:Archived
2370:June 21,
2365:imdb.com
2233:June 21,
2227:Archived
2203:June 21,
2138:June 21,
2132:Archived
1875:April 9,
1619:July 25,
1597:July 25,
1306:See also
913:in 1956.
838:Michigan
774:Richmond
710:Savannah
464:hookworm
460:diarrhea
403:deadline
343:stockade
327:diarrhea
240:70000070
137:Location
4236:Related
4139:Wyoming
4114:Vermont
4019:Montana
3959:Indiana
3939:Georgia
3934:Florida
3904:Arizona
3894:Alabama
3539:County,
3450:Bartram
3442:Forests
3304:Tugaloo
3179:Hamburg
2858:Eufaula
2740:Federal
2732:Georgia
2581:. 1864.
2338: (
2334:),
2330: (
2318: (
2314:),
2310: (
2298: (
2294:),
2290: (
2223:nps.gov
2198:nps.gov
1957:. 1881.
1089:Rostrum
1004:Gallery
665:Escapes
658:31,695
650:31,680
642:29,078
634:23,944
626:20,654
618:12,002
505:hanging
489:larceny
278:Georgia
223:Website
149:Georgia
4074:Oregon
4029:Nevada
3969:Kansas
3944:Hawaii
3899:Alaska
3835:Topics
3460:Dawson
3309:Unicoi
2883:Wassaw
2497:
2457:(1968)
2439:online
2258:
2029:Medium
1827:
1682:
1450:(XLSX)
1041:Statue
987:
962:
844:, and
783:hanged
704:(near
700:) and
696:(near
610:7,163
522:Deaths
497:stocks
432:scurvy
329:, and
323:scurvy
145:Sumter
4206:Palau
4104:Texas
3984:Maine
3949:Idaho
3550:Parks
3489:Other
3319:Vogel
3096:Parks
3087:State
1704:(PDF)
1591:(PDF)
1380:Notes
736:Trial
548:when
316:Union
288:), a
141:Macon
4160:Guam
4109:Utah
4064:Ohio
3964:Iowa
2495:ISBN
2398:2012
2372:2011
2256:ISBN
2235:2011
2205:2011
2170:2024
2140:2011
2061:2023
1998:2012
1877:2013
1838:2018
1825:ISBN
1791:2013
1769:2012
1746:2012
1680:ISBN
1647:2013
1621:2020
1599:2020
1547:2012
1485:2012
1458:2012
985:ISBN
973:2011
960:ISBN
834:Ohio
793:and
599:Date
442:and
268:The
207:Area
2730:of
2685:at
2344:Tex
2324:Tex
2304:Tex
1716:doi
999:GA.
930:Tex
762:JAG
575:in
235:No.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
