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1286:. Not to dislodge them is to leave the country a prey to one of the most hateful tyrannies of history...Not a month, not a week, not day should be lost. The safety of the Republic requires action at once. The lives of innocent men must be rescued from sacrifice. I would not in this judgment depart from that moderation which belongs to the occasion; but God forbid that, when called to deal with so great an offender, should affect a coldness which I cannot feel. Slavery has been our worst enemy, assailing all, murdering our children, filling our homes with mourning, and darkening the land with tragedy; and now it rears its crest anew, with Andrew Johnson as its representative. Through him assumes once more to rule the Republic and to impose its cruel law. The enormity of his conduct is aggravated by his bare faced treachery. He once declared himself the Moses of the colored race. Behold him now the
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898:" and yet the relationship between the white and black Johnsons led "Tennessee whites to speculate that Andrew Johnson maintained a 'colored concubine.'" Hints that the black Johnsons and the white Johnsons had an unusually close relationship include various combinations of them sharing households for years/decades after slavery ended, multiple cases of duplicated names amongst the children and grandchildren, Dolly being the recipient of furniture and household goods from the family, the inclusion of William Andrew Johnson in family-organized events honoring Johnson well into the mid-20th century, an account of Andrew Johnson paying for Florence to go to cooking school, the fact that
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interpretation of this statement, which implies a number of shocking presumptions, is that on some level
Johnson understood that his slaves had substantially more character than he himself, a man who has been described as "all in all one of the most unlovable characters in U.S. presidential history," and "in some respects...the most pitiful figure of American history. A man who, despite great power and great ideas, became a puppet, played upon by mighty fingers and selfish, subtle minds; groping, self-made, unlettered and alone;
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510:, Andrew Johnson's counterargument to black empowerment was a feigned victimhood. He told the group of visitors: "'I might say, however, that practically, so far as my connection with slaves has gone, I have been their slave instead of their being mine. Some have even followed me here, while others are occupying and enjoying my property with my consent.'" Similarly, in March 1869, shortly after the end of his term in the White House, a newspaperman from
490:. The topic was Johnson's Presidential Reconstruction, about which DuBois wrote: "Andrew Johnson could not include Negroes in any conceivable democracy. He tried to, but as a poor white, steeped in the limitations, prejudices, and ambitions of his social class, he could not; and this is the key to his career...For Negroes...he had nothing...except the bare possibility that, if given freedom, they might continue to exist and not die out."
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slavery shall, by God's good help, no longer pollute our State. Loyal men, whether white or black, shall alone control her destinies: and when this strife in which we are all engaged is past, I trust, I know, we shall have a better state of things, and shall all rejoice that honest labor reaps the fruit of its own industry, and that every man has a fair chance in the race of life.
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wife
Margaret and their first three children, Dora, Robert, and Hattie, although their inclusion from a legal standpoint is entirely speculative, as the documentary record of Johnson's slave holdings is scant. Other possible candidates are an unnamed child who may have been born to Dolly between Florence and William Andrew but who died young, and possibly the wife of Henry Brown.
1282:; politicians without heart; lawyers, for whom a technicality is everything, and a promiscuous company who at every stage of the battle have set their faces against equal rights; these are his allies. It is the old troop of slavery, with a few recruits, ready as of old for violence...With the President at their head, they are now entrenched in the
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984:; and he was posthumously described as the source of a "canker" in his wife's heart "fed or created, as the gossips have said, by the marital infidelity of her graceless lord." In 1856 a Knoxville newspaper argued, "Honor conferred upon him is like a jewel put into the nose of a hog—it can escape no possible defilement."
1218:"The iron firmness, the undismayed soul of a single man (Andrew Johnson) is all that stands between us and the fatal vortex of anarchy and resultant despotism which has engulphed the lives and fortunes of many millions before us.—Let us rally to the side of that man, determined to save or perish with the Republic."
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initiatives, and to prevent
African Americans from attaining equal rights through federal legislation." The betrayal, which contributed to the failure of Reconstruction and another 100 years of racial oppression, continues to be a central focus of historians, but was recognized and criticized in his
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Andrew
Johnson typically said he owned between eight and 10 slaves, although the exact number is "surprisingly difficult to determine." Eight people enslaved by Johnson are listed below; Liz, Florence, and William Johnson were born enslaved. Additional people enslaved by Johnson may be Sam Johnson's
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The
Senator was depressed by Johnson's 'prejudice, ignorance, and perversity' on the Negro suffrage issue. Far from listening amiably to Sumner's argument that the South was still torn by violence and not yet ready tor readmission, Johnson attacked him with cheap analogies. 'Are there no murders in
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This political cartoon casts
Johnson's veto in a favorable light, arguing that extending civil rights to newly emancipated slaves would unfairly impose fines on whites for following their racist belief systems and encourage black men to carry off all the white women, which was a dread fear of white
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Prior to the summer of 1863, Johnson had staunchly opposed general emancipation, but beginning in August of that year, he made a sharp heel-turn in favor of freeing the slaves. Historians find that "his opinion changed with little warning. Flattery by
Northern politicians during a tour of Northern
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I will indeed be your Moses, and lead you through the Red Sea of war and bondage, to a fairer future of liberty and peace. I speak, too, as a citizen of
Tennessee. I am here on my own soil, and here I mean to stay and fight this great battle of truth and justice to a triumphant end. Rebellion and
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Johnson vetoed several pieces of
Congressional legislation that were designed to improve the humanitarian conditions of recently emancipated slaves and/or provide black men with rights that had previously been held only by white men. Johnson would typically "claim that the future status of freed
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The August 8 date eventually became known as
Freedom Day in Tennessee, and was also eventually celebrated in some neighboring communities in Kentucky, Missouri, and southern Illinois. Andrew Johnson himself attended a Freedom Day celebration organized by Sam Johnson in 1871. For the many decades
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and one of President Johnson's fiercest Congressional opponents). Andrew Johnson lectured newly emancipated blacks on the necessity of avoiding "licentiousness" and the importance of learning the "laws of marriage," but, hypocritically, he himself may not have followed those laws. In addition to
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Johnson is one of the last surviving slaves in this section. January 1 was designated as Emancipation day but Andrew Johnson freed his slaves August 8 and Negroes of East Tennessee have always observed that date as Emancipation day. The celebration this year has been changed to August 9 because
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the overriding principle of his presidency through "his obdurate opposition to Reconstruction, the project to establish an interracial democracy in the United States after the destruction of slavery. He wanted to prevent, as he put it, the 'Africanization' of the country. Under the guise of
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statements, as was typical for him: "I never bought but two or three slaves in my life, and I never sold one. The fact is I was always more of a slave than any I owned. Slavery existed here among us, and those that I bought I bought because they wanted me to." The most charitable possible
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for a little Moses, she slung out a young crocodile instead. He is a crocodile by nature, although he calls himself Moses. He craunches and gulps down whatever stands in his way, without any signs of mercy, yet is always prepared to shed tears to order." The image that Johnson provided of
1367:'Would you consent that Massachusetts, on this account, should be excluded from Congress?' Johnson triumphantly queried. In the excitement of the argument, the President unconsciously used Sumner's hat, which the Senator had placed on the floor beside his chair, as a spittoon!
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as the institution's main evil.'...the slaveholding Johnson may have used all this hard talk against racial mixture as a cover for his own circumstances. He would not have been the first, or the last, southern white man to travel this tortured psychological
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gave elite white men a free pass for their sexual relationships with black women, as long as the men neither flaunted nor legitimated such unions." American national leaders in less-hypocritical interracial relationships included U.S. Vice President
1026:, from which Tennessee was exempted, and mass emancipation in Tennessee which occurred on October 24, 1864, by declaration of military governor Johnson. A new Tennessee constitution abolished slavery in the state as of February 22, 1865. The
925:. In fact, he believed that slavery promoted it because it brought blacks and whites into such intimate and daily contact with one another. In the days when the writing was on the wall, and he knew that slavery would die at the hands of the
1119:. "Before an audience of ten thousand colored men...amidst cheers which shook the sky," Johnson proclaimed that he would act for their benefit and advancement as a race now that the slaves of the United States had been emancipated.
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by his mother and stepfather to a tailor, to whom he was legally bound until age 21. He was required to work incessantly, and a traditional education was out of the question. He ran away at age 15. His master, James Selby, put a
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as the head of the executive branch of the U.S. government. This professional obligation clashed with Johnson's long-held personal resentments: "Johnson's attitudes showed much consistency. All of his life he held deep-seated
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own time. Johnson's turn from staunch Unionist to Confederate apologist, and his centrality to the diminishment of the goals of Reconstruction, was also gratefully lauded by his fellow white supremacists of the legacy South:
461:. This reduced African-Americans to a state of semi-servitude. Johnson peddled the racist myth that Southern whites were victimized by black emancipation and citizenship, which became an article of faith among
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Unknown, Henry is implied or presumed to have been a former slave, and has likely been historically conflated with Henry Johnson; his exact legal status before the Civil War is unknown
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886:'s death certificate in 1943. There is no concrete evidence either proving or disproving paternity, and there have been no suggested alternate candidates over the last 175 years. The
894:, notes "questionable paternity," and dedicates a page on their website to "Dolly's Children" but goes no further. The father of Dolly Johnson's children could have been "anybody in
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article as a "slave-bound boy." One study of presidential rhetorical styles argued, "no amount of success could fully compensate for the needs left from his traumatic childhood."
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453:, previously deployed by Southern slaveholders to defend slavery, Johnson vetoed all federal laws intended to protect former slaves from racial terror and from the
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1326:. He argued that improvements in the status of black Americans would only be legitimate if passed on the state, rather than federal level, but he also vetoed the
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According to family and historical records, Andrew Johnson freed his personal slaves on August 8, 1863, a date that falls between Abraham Lincoln's January 1863
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1278:; and he gathers about him the same supporters. Original partisans of slavery north and south; habitual compromisers of great principles; maligners of the
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people was not an issue of racism, but an issue of constitutionality." He thus opposed almost all aspects of Congressional Reconstruction, including the
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states may have swayed him; loyalty to Lincoln's war policy and ambitions to serve on a presidential ticket in 1864 assuredly influenced him as well."
1042:, so he could promote the issue from the inside: in August 1863, Johnson freed his own slaves, seeking to set an example for his fellow Tennesseans."
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Since the late 20th century historians have begun to speculate or insinuate that Andrew Johnson may have been the father of two, if not all three, of
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1038:, "Fearing that emancipation by federal edict would alienate Tennessee's slaveholding Unionists, Johnson urged that the state be exempted from the
958:. Johnson's possibly having fathered several multiracial children would have been part of a widespread "racial and sexual double standard...in the
929:, Johnson adopted an antislavery stance and began to denounce the institution. All his speeches on the subject 'dwell almost obsessively on racial
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2484:
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1804:
Black Reconstruction: An Essay Toward a History of the Part Which Black Folk Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860-1888
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During his Swing Around the Circle Tour he complained about "the cost of the Freedmen's Bureau and of re-enslavement of the Negro by its agents"
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Worked at the White House during Andrew Johnson's presidency, and died there of cholera; had previously been a family servant for a long time
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1196:"We should to like to see Andrew Johnson's lying tongue torn from his foul mouth, and his miserable carcass thrown to the dogs, or hung on a
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2540:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 32–35 (Blacks, Johnson's attitude toward), 269–270 (Slaves, owned by Johnson), 305 (vetoes).
1170:. As a 1989 book review put it, "Nowhere was Johnson's duplicitous nature more cruelly evident than on questions of race." Per historian
3272:
Documentary History of Reconstruction: Political, Military, Social, Religious, Educational & Industrial, 1865 to the Present Time
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1115:, on October 24, 1864, in Nashville, Tennessee, when he was military governor of Tennessee and a candidate for vice president on the
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Greeneville, Mailing Address: Andrew Johnson National Historic Site 121 Monument Ave; Us, TN 37743 Phone: 423 638-3551 Contact.
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Greeneville, Mailing Address: Andrew Johnson National Historic Site 121 Monument Ave; Us, TN 37743 Phone: 423 638-3551 Contact.
1361:'Are there no assaults in Boston? Do not men there sometimes knock each other down, so that the police is obliged to interfere?'
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suspicions about his sexual exploitation of Dolly, he was accused twice in separate sworn testimonies of being familiar with
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with Dolly while hypocritically upholding a race-based caste system, it would have put him in the company of U.S. President
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1058:. In 1938, William Andrew Johnson, then 80 years old, spoke at a Tennessee Emancipation Day celebration at Chilhowee Park.
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Andrew Johnson is the impersonation of the tyrannical slave power. In him it lives again. He is the lineal successor of
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To show the great change effected in Mr. Johnson, no further proof is needed than extracts from Southern papers. The
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850:, an early 20th century biographer, describes Bill as a "manservant" whose wife worked as the Johnson family cook
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Worked at the White House during Andrew Johnson's presidency, later worked at the post office; died at Knoxville
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Browne, Stephen Howard (2008). "Andrew Johnson and the Politics of Character". In Medhurst, Martin J. (ed.).
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convictions along with prejudices against blacks, sectionalists, and the wealthy." Johnson's engagement with
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408:, was one of the last U.S. Presidents to personally own slaves. Johnson also oversaw the first years of the
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In a report about Johnson's supposed tears over superficial gestures of national comity at the pro-Johnson
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2781:"Celebration at Greeneville [Sam Johnson and Emancipation Day addressed by ex-President Johnson]"
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himself-as-Moses was sufficiently rich that it continues to be applied with grim irony to present day.
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Anecdotes attributed to Bill bear a distinct resemblance to later quotes from William Andrew Johnson.
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2249:. The American Presidents Series. New York: Times Books/Henry Holt. pp. 16, 41–42, 128–129.
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1006:, which only applied to areas considered to be in effective rebellion against the U.S. government
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2004:"Interviewed: A Confab with Andrew Johnson, What the ex-President Says About Matters and Things"
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is constitutionally defined as the jurisdiction of no state but solely of the U.S. Congress. In
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2422:"Slaves of Andrew Johnson - Andrew Johnson National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)"
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False Idol: The Memory of Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction in Greeneville, Tennessee 1869-2022
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is summarized by his statement, "Damn the negroes; I am fighting these traitorous aristocrats,
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The Failed Promise: Reconstruction, Frederick Douglass, and the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
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2632:"Thaddeus Stevens, Relationship with Lydia Hamilton Smith (Trefousse, 1997) | House Divided"
1050:, the annual August 8 picnic was the only day of the year that blacks were allowed to be in
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2837:"Significance of this date recorded mainly in hearts; Researchers seek more (Part 1 of 1)"
2731:"A. Johnson, Tailor - The Curtain Raises and Delusions as to His Real Character Dispelled"
8:
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The Wars of Reconstruction: The Brief, Violent History of America's Most Progressive Era
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2461:"Dolly's Children - Andrew Johnson National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)"
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2388:(Master of Arts thesis). Eastern Tennessee State University. p. 117. Paper 4096.
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in the newspaper. White supremacist writer, magazine editor, and librarian/archivist
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Congressmen, including U.S. Senator Sumner, referenced the Moses speech during the
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Worked as a maid at the White House during Johnson's presidency; died at Knoxville
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2566:"Breaking the Silence: Sexual Hypocrisies from Thomas Jefferson to Strom Thurmond"
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and conducted an interview. When asked about slavery, Johnson's reply was rich in
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The Invisibles: The Untold Story of African American Slaves in the White House
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The Invisibles: The Untold Story of African American Slaves in the White House
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so that they might pass, and then released the waters upon their pursuers.
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The Impeachers: The Trial of Andrew Johnson and the Dream of a Just Nation
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included an essay called "Transubstantiation of a Poor White" in his book
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in discussions with Sumner about the necessity of the Freedmen's Bureau:
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2400:"William A. Johnson, 16 May 1943; Death, Knox, Tennessee, United States"
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2029:"Negro Woman, Served as White House Maid, Dies Here at Age of 80 Years"
1193:, one of the most uncompromising rebel sheets published, said in 1862:
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511:
2989:. Vol. X, no. 485. p. 232 – via Internet Archive.
3394:(March 30, 1929). "Andrew Johnson—The Rail-Splitter's Running Mate".
1969:. College Station: Texas A&M University Press. pp. 194–212.
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903:
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left Liz property in her will, and the fact that after Johnson died
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Bowen, David Warren (2005) . "Chapter 3: The Defender of Slavery".
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3005:
Andrew Johnson National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)
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3400:. Vol. 201, no. 39. pp. 24–25, 162, 165, 166, 169.
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Areas colored in teal were exempted from the effect of Lincoln's
878:'s children. Dolly was enslaved by Johnson from 1843 until 1863.
3413:"Adult Identity and Presidential Style: The Rhetorical Emphasis"
2706:"The Greenville, Tenn. Scandal: A Libel on Ex-President Johnson"
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2114:
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1588:
List of United States presidential vetoes § Andrew Johnson
1299:(R-Massachusetts), written statement regarding impeachment vote
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389:, from John W. Gragg to Andrew Johnson, dated January 2, 1843 (
2406:, Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville – via
1935:"The Formerly Enslaved Households of President Andrew Johnson"
740:
Born enslaved under U.S. law because Johnson owned her mother
703:
Born enslaved under U.S. law because Johnson owned her mother
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Born enslaved under U.S. law because Johnson owned her mother
3354:"John Trotwood Moore and the Patrician Cult of the New South"
2223:
1692:"Bill of sale to Andrew Johnson for a slave girl named Dolly"
1226:
in Philadelphia: "There is good reason to believe, that when
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1139:
1135:
369:
A now-outdated 1928 biography of Johnson by white Southerner
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Schroeder-Lein, Glenna R.; Zuczek, Richard (June 22, 2001).
2334:. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. pp. 54–55.
1826:. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. pp. 51–57.
882:, Andrew Johnson's second-born son, was listed as father on
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Married, children; she was survived by her son Edgar Smith;
535:, as with the heady wine of sudden and accidental success."
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and other African-American leaders about the prospects for
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Historical reputations of presidents of the United States
2929:"William Andrew Johnson speaks at August 8th Event, 1937"
2564:
Clinton, Catherine (2010), Brooten, Bernadette J. (ed.),
1721:"Military Governor Johnson and Tennessee Blacks, 1862-65"
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Emancipation Day § Kentucky and Tennessee – August 8
870:(National Museum of African American History and Culture)
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made that certain that Dolly could keep her house, etc.
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Ulysses S. Grant married into slave ownership, briefly.
3050:"Book review of Trefousse biography of Andrew Johnson"
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resurfaced some of Johnson's past vows on July 4, 1866
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Thirteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution
2572:, New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, pp. 213–228,
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Andrew Johnson was probably experientially closer to
2902:"Knoxville Daily Chronicle 09 Aug 1871, page Page 4"
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1998:
1996:
2923:
2921:
3240:""Moses in Retirement": Andrew Johnson, 1869-1876"
2293:. Guilford, Conn.: Lyons Press. pp. 193–201.
1962:
1899:
1807:. New York: Russell. pp. 242–244 – via
1503:
1373:Andrew Johnson presidential vetoes (partial list)
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1993:
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3119:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History
3115:"Andrew Johnson and the Legacy of the Civil War"
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1559:than any other U.S. president. At age 10 he was
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1877:Andrew Johnson National Historic Site (nps.gov)
1345:retold a colorful story about Johnson's use of
493:
3154:
3152:
1317:'s book about Johnson's 1866 presidential trip
1111:Andrew Johnson made what is remembered as the
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2839:. Local section, Appalachian Journal column.
2212:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 52.
1358:'Unhappily yes,' Sumner replied, 'sometimes.'
346:
3056:. Vol. 40, no. 5. July–August 1989
2873:"Andrew Johnson: Life Before the Presidency"
2825:
2809:"The Emancipation Proclamation in Tennessee"
1696:Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History
1030:was ratified in December 1865. According to
868:anti-miscegenation laws in the United States
225:Vice presidential and Presidential campaigns
4082:Andrew Johnson administration controversies
4072:Presidents of the United States and slavery
3818:President Andrew Johnson Museum and Library
3164:The Baltimore County Union, The Towson News
3149:
2483:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2444:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2241:
1166:Johnson betrayed those who trusted in this
3527:
3513:
3081:. W.W. Norton & Company. p. 208.
2987:Harper's Weekly: A Journal of Civilization
353:
339:
3624:Drunk vice-presidential inaugural address
2504:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 59.
2458:
2419:
2204:
2130:
2082:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 196.
1901:"Washington: By Telegraph to the Tribune"
436:, Johnson is remembered today for making
2608:"The Lost Story of Julia Chinn > KET"
2538:Andrew Johnson: A Biographical Companion
1718:
1542:
1308:
1245:
1152:
1084:
1076:
1009:
997:
954:, and in the 20th century, U.S. Senator
860:
467:
380:
364:
104:16th Vice President of the United States
3766:1868 impeachment managers investigation
3268:
3237:
3001:""The Moses of the Colored Men" Speech"
2563:
2497:
2285:
2102:
2077:
4102:Anti-black racism in the United States
4064:
3410:
3351:
3312:
3284:
3282:
3076:
2955:"When Andrew Johnson Freed His Slaves"
2803:
2801:
2605:
2381:
2377:
2375:
2109:. New York: Henry Holt & Company.
1960:
1956:
1954:
1793:
1174:, "...Johnson worked to undermine the
804: (equivalent to $ 34,335 in 2023)
635: (equivalent to $ 16,350 in 2023)
594: (equivalent to $ 17,333 in 2023)
514:found the ex-president at his home in
432:According to Reconstruction historian
3813:Andrew Johnson National Historic Site
3508:
3450:
3390:
3127:10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.013.11
3109:
3072:
3070:
2952:
2867:
2834:
2559:
2557:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2329:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2149:
1932:
1821:
1757:
1698:. Greene County, Tenn. 1843. GLC02041
1254:of "Moses" in this cartoon about the
892:Andrew Johnson National Historic Site
866:males and would eventually result in
857:Paternity of Dolly Johnson's children
385:Bill of sale, for a slave girl named
3787:1866 & 1867 U.S. House elections
3453:U.S. presidents and American slavery
3208:
2977:
2756:"Andrew Johnson—Still in the Gutter"
2606:Potter, Leslie (February 20, 2020).
2360:. Originally published as a thesis:
2106:Andrew Johnson, Plebeian and Patriot
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1894:
1892:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1799:"Transubstantiation of a Poor White"
1789:
1787:
1758:Sinha, Manisha (November 29, 2019).
1714:
1712:
1572:described teenage Johnson in a 1929
1507:
1355:Massachusetts?' the President asked.
377:as Andrew Johnson's "favorite slave"
3562:Vice President of the United States
3290:"Why They Impeached Andrew Johnson"
3279:
2798:
2392:
2372:
1951:
1760:"Donald Trump, Meet Your Precursor"
987:
125:17th President of the United States
13:
3534:
3275:. A.H. Clark Company. p. 471.
3238:Rothera, Evan (January 27, 2020).
3067:
2554:
2518:
2382:Miller, Zachary A. (August 2022).
2323:
2230:
2150:Boren, Rance A. (September 2022).
2078:Holland, Jesse J. (January 2016).
1593:Voting rights in the United States
1468:Second Military Reconstruction Act
1250:Thomas Nast depicted the supposed
465:proponents in the postwar South."
233:National Union national convention
14:
4113:
3759:Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson
3244:The Gettysburg Historical Journal
2681:"Lucy Cobb & Lafayette Baker"
1919:
1915:– via NewspaperArchive.com.
1889:
1856:
1784:
1709:
1482:Third Military Reconstruction Act
1449:First Military Reconstruction Act
1435:District of Columbia Suffrage Act
1093:a bill extending funding for the
4045:
4044:
3808:Andrew Johnson National Cemetery
3269:Fleming, Walter Lynwood (1906).
1965:Before the Rhetorical Presidency
1633:Andrew Johnson alcoholism debate
1628:Nadir of American race relations
1511:
913:Interestingly, writes historian
723:
686:
614:
573:
406:assassination of Abraham Lincoln
326:
320:
119:Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
35:
4097:History of slavery in Tennessee
3614:1864 U.S. presidential election
3404:
3384:
3345:
3306:
3262:
3231:
3202:
3177:
3103:
3042:
3017:
2993:
2971:
2953:Astor, Aaron (August 9, 2013).
2946:
2894:
2883:from the original on 2023-03-21
2861:
2773:
2748:
2723:
2698:
2673:
2660:The Pittsburgh Daily Commercial
2648:
2624:
2599:
2491:
2452:
2413:
2279:
2198:
2143:
2096:
2071:
2060:. September 16, 1920. p. 3
2046:
2035:. September 16, 1920. p. 4
2021:
1664:
1504:Previous condition of servitude
1305:Andrew Johnson and civil rights
1014:"Celebration at Greeneville" (
950:, sexual-predator U.S. Senator
487:Black Reconstruction in America
3976:Bibliography of Andrew Johnson
3777:1866 National Union Convention
3719:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
3647:Inauguration of Andrew Johnson
3619:1864 National Union Convention
3551:President of the United States
3358:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
3319:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
3315:"Andrew Johnson Argues a Case"
3166:. September 1, 1866. p. 2
3031:. February 26, 1866. p. 2
2857:. August 10, 2003. p. B2.
2687:. November 30, 1867. p. 4
1908:. October 29, 1866. p. 10
1815:
1751:
1725:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
1684:
1655:
1638:African Americans in Tennessee
1598:Bibliography of Andrew Johnson
1547:"Andrew Johnson's Indenture" (
1256:1866 National Union Convention
1224:1866 National Union Convention
973:House Ways and Means committee
533:drunk, not so much with liquor
248:Democratic National Convention
1:
3739:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
3464:George Washington and slavery
2983:"Untitled caricature collage"
2835:Brown, Fred (June 24, 2023).
2636:hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu
1677:
1238:and slimy waters of Southern
980:; in 1872, he was accused of
3469:Thomas Jefferson and slavery
3352:Bailey, Fred Arthur (1999).
3191:. August 30, 1866. p. 2
2762:. October 9, 1856. p. 2
2737:. August 17, 1891. p. 1
2498:Egerton, Douglas R. (2014).
2332:Andrew Johnson and the Negro
2168:10.1016/j.cortex.2022.06.003
1824:Andrew Johnson and the Negro
1822:Bowen, David Warren (1989).
1603:Presidency of Andrew Johnson
982:seducing his neighbor's wife
921:fixated on the 'problem' of
650:Emancipation Day traditions
609:Emancipation Day traditions
494:Personal ownership of slaves
114:Drunk V.P. inaugural address
7:
4002:Treason must be made odious
3667:Pardons for ex-Confederates
3121:. Oxford University Press.
2935:. August 6, 1937. p. 3
2850:– via Newspapers.com.
2843:. p. B1. Page image 22
2841:The Knoxville News-Sentinel
2794:– via Newspapers.com.
2787:. August 9, 1871. p. 4
2404:Tennessee Deaths, 1914-1966
2103:Winston, Robert W. (1928).
2010:. March 28, 1869. p. 1
1581:
1280:Declaration of Independence
474:Greenfield (Mass.) Recorder
10:
4118:
3925:Andrew Johnson and slavery
3840:Amphitheatrum Johnsonianum
3792:1868 Democratic Convention
3754:Second impeachment inquiry
3494:Andrew Johnson and slavery
3489:Zachary Taylor and slavery
3479:Andrew Jackson and slavery
3077:Levine, Robert S. (2021).
2879:. University of Virginia.
2662:. July 27, 1867. p. 1
1873:"Slaves of Andrew Johnson"
1551:, August 20, 1869, Page 4)
1264:Andrew Johnson impeachment
991:
822:
787:
721:
684:
653:
612:
571:
539:
74:Andrew Johnson and slavery
23:Andrew Jackson and slavery
20:
4011:
3991:Ledger-removal allegation
3968:
3917:
3858:
3800:
3749:First impeachment inquiry
3637:
3591:
3542:
3474:James Madison and slavery
3459:
3411:Barber, James D. (1968).
2785:Knoxville Daily Chronicle
2712:. May 29, 1872. p. 7
1623:Reconstruction Amendments
1159:Brownlow's Knoxville Whig
1046:between emancipation and
1040:Emancipation Proclamation
1024:Emancipation Proclamation
1016:Knoxville Daily Chronicle
1004:Emancipation Proclamation
391:Gilder Lehrman Collection
3996:Buell Commission records
3872:Martha Johnson Patterson
3714:Civil Rights Act of 1866
3672:State of the Union, 1865
3189:White Cloud Kansas Chief
2578:10.1057/9780230113893_13
1648:
946:, Supreme Court Justice
294:Martha Johnson Patterson
44:This article is part of
21:Not to be confused with
3782:Swing Around the Circle
2855:"Journal (Part 2 of 2)"
2058:Chattanooga Daily Times
2033:The Journal and Tribune
1719:Cimprich, John (1980).
1643:Woodrow Wilson and race
1613:Freedmen's Bureau bills
1495:Freedmen's Bureau Bill
1422:Freedmen's Bureau Bill
1117:Lincoln Unionist ticket
752:No spouse, no children
658:Elizabeth Johnson Forby
217:Articles of impeachment
177:Swing Around the Circle
172:Civil Rights Act (1866)
155:Conclusion of Civil War
3866:Eliza McCardle Johnson
3583:(1853–1857, 1862–1865)
3570:Senator from Tennessee
3484:John Tyler and slavery
3313:Phifer, Gregg (1952).
3029:Cleveland Daily Leader
2760:The Knoxville Register
2656:"The Impeachment Case"
1552:
1394:Freedmen's Bureau Bill
1370:
1318:
1302:
1259:
1220:
1213:edited by the same man
1163:
1134:Johnson refers to the
1132:
1108:
1097:(editorial cartoon by
1074:
1063:August 8 is on Sunday.
1032:University of Virginia
1019:
1007:
965:Richard Mentor Johnson
938:If Johnson did have a
936:
884:William Andrew Johnson
871:
731:William Andrew Johnson
694:Florence Johnson Smith
477:
443:strict constructionism
400:, who became the 17th
394:
378:
289:Eliza McCardle Johnson
202:Managers investigation
16:Aspect of U.S. history
3709:Judicial Circuits Act
3657:Judicial appointments
3581:Governor of Tennessee
3397:Saturday Evening Post
2933:The Knoxville Journal
2710:New York Daily Herald
2685:Semi-Weekly Wisconsin
2054:"Johnson's Housemaid"
1933:Fling, Sarah (2020).
1575:Saturday Evening Post
1546:
1351:
1312:
1268:
1249:
1185:
1178:, to dismantle other
1156:
1121:
1088:
1077:From Moses to Pharaoh
1069:The Knoxville Journal
1060:
1013:
1001:
919:
890:, which operates the
888:National Park Service
864:
471:
384:
368:
92:Governor of Tennessee
3772:National Union Party
3724:Tenure of Office Act
3392:Moore, John Trotwood
2243:Gordon-Reed, Annette
1566:"runaway servant" ad
1343:David Herbert Donald
1332:District of Columbia
1324:Fourteenth Amendment
150:Judicial appointment
3890:Mary Johnson Stover
3729:Command of Army Act
3704:Reconstruction Acts
3209:Reynolds, David S.
3160:"President Johnson"
3111:Varon, Elizabeth R.
2871:(October 4, 2016).
2152:"A case of neglect"
1570:John Trotwood Moore
1453:Reconstruction Acts
1374:
1328:D.C. Franchise Bill
1234:, fished among the
960:slaveholding states
952:James Henry Hammond
915:Annette Gordon-Reed
508:black male suffrage
304:Mary Johnson Stover
165:Reconstruction Acts
145:Cabinet appointment
4092:Reconstruction Era
4024:Ulysses S. Grant →
3955:William A. Johnson
3935:Elizabeth J. Forby
3878:David T. Patterson
3694:Colorado Territory
3662:Reconstruction era
3025:"The Modern Moses"
2981:(April 14, 1866).
2959:The New York Times
1764:The New York Times
1618:Freedmen massacres
1608:Reconstruction era
1553:
1523:. You can help by
1372:
1319:
1313:Illustration from
1260:
1230:, in imitation of
1164:
1109:
1034:history professor
1020:
1008:
872:
844:Married, children
679:Married, children
647:Married, children
606:Married, children
504:Frederick Douglass
502:When meeting with
478:
459:Confederate states
457:passed in the old
449:and opposition to
410:Reconstruction era
395:
379:
160:Reconstruction era
4059:
4058:
4037:Schuyler Colfax →
4032:← Hannibal Hamlin
4017:← Abraham Lincoln
3981:Alcoholism debate
3960:Florence J. Smith
3848:Tennessee Johnson
3604:Southern Unionist
3572:(1857–1862, 1875)
3502:
3501:
3294:AMERICAN HERITAGE
3211:"He Was No Moses"
3136:978-0-19-932917-5
3113:(March 3, 2016).
3054:American Heritage
2587:978-0-230-10017-6
2547:978-1-57607-030-7
2511:978-1-60819-566-4
2341:978-0-87049-584-7
2300:978-1-4930-0846-9
2287:Holland, Jesse J.
2256:978-0-8050-6948-8
2206:Wineapple, Brenda
2089:978-1-4930-2419-3
2008:Republican Banner
1976:978-1-60344-626-6
1833:978-0-87049-584-7
1541:
1540:
1501:
1500:
1409:Civil Rights Bill
1389:February 19, 1866
1337:American Heritage
1284:Executive Mansion
1176:Freedmen's Bureau
1107:, April 14, 1866)
1095:Freedmen's Bureau
1018:, August 9, 1871)
854:
853:
848:Robert W. Winston
641:1825–1830 (est.)
419:Southern Unionism
371:Robert W. Winston
363:
362:
61:
60:
4109:
4048:
4047:
3832:Southern Justice
3584:
3573:
3565:
3554:
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2869:Varon, Elizabeth
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1906:New York Tribune
1903:
1896:
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1812:
1809:Internet Archive
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1390:
1375:
1371:
1364:'Unhappily yes.'
1315:David Ross Locke
1300:
1258:in Philadelphia.
1215:, says in 1866:
1211:The same paper,
1206:carrion buzzards
1172:Robert S. Levine
1168:campaign promise
1130:
1072:
1071:, August 8, 1938
988:Emancipation Day
969:Thaddeus Stevens
967:and most likely
944:Thomas Jefferson
803:
727:
690:
634:
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577:
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537:
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324:
261:Return to Senate
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3884:Charles Johnson
3854:
3796:
3699:Alaska Purchase
3633:
3587:
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3546:
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2957:. Opinionator.
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1981:
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1689:
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1669:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1584:
1557:chattel slavery
1537:
1531:
1528:
1521:needs expansion
1506:
1430:January 5, 1867
1369:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1307:
1301:
1294:
1276:Jefferson Davis
1272:John C. Calhoun
1252:crocodile tears
1131:
1128:
1104:Harper's Weekly
1089:Andrew Johnson
1079:
1073:
1067:
1036:Elizabeth Maron
996:
990:
923:interracial sex
859:
801:
735:William Andrew
632:
591:
553:Purchase price
496:
482:W. E. B. DuBois
476:, March 6, 1865
438:white supremacy
423:Abraham Lincoln
359:
327:
325:
318:
299:Charles Johnson
285:
282:
257:
256:Post-presidency
254:
226:
223:
126:
123:
109:Vice presidency
105:
102:
94:
88:
52:
50:
49:
48:
45:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4115:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4077:Andrew Johnson
4074:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4028:
4027:
4020:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3905:
3902:Robert Johnson
3899:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3875:
3869:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3844:
3836:
3828:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3768:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3652:Foreign policy
3649:
3643:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3629:Kirkwood House
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3599:Homestead Acts
3595:
3593:
3592:Pre-presidency
3589:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3574:
3566:
3555:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3536:Andrew Johnson
3532:
3531:
3524:
3517:
3509:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3443:
3442:
3423:(3): 938–968.
3403:
3383:
3344:
3325:(2): 148–170.
3305:
3278:
3261:
3230:
3201:
3176:
3148:
3135:
3102:
3087:
3066:
3041:
3016:
2992:
2970:
2945:
2917:
2906:Newspapers.com
2893:
2860:
2824:
2797:
2772:
2747:
2722:
2697:
2672:
2647:
2623:
2598:
2586:
2570:Beyond Slavery
2553:
2546:
2517:
2510:
2490:
2451:
2412:
2391:
2371:
2340:
2322:
2299:
2278:
2255:
2247:Andrew Johnson
2229:
2218:
2197:
2142:
2095:
2088:
2070:
2045:
2020:
1992:
1975:
1950:
1918:
1888:
1855:
1832:
1814:
1795:DuBois, W.E.B.
1783:
1750:
1731:(4): 459–470.
1708:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1663:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1583:
1580:
1549:Asheville News
1539:
1538:
1518:
1516:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1465:
1463:March 23, 1867
1459:
1458:
1456:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1406:
1404:March 27, 1866
1400:
1399:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1352:
1306:
1303:
1297:Charles Sumner
1292:
1180:Reconstruction
1144:book of Exodus
1129:Andrew Johnson
1126:
1078:
1075:
1065:
1056:Chilhowee Park
992:Main article:
989:
986:
971:(chair of the
956:Strom Thurmond
880:Robert Johnson
858:
855:
852:
851:
845:
842:
840:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
824:
821:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
799:
796:
794:
789:
786:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
771:
769:
766:
764:
759:
756:
755:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
736:
733:
728:
720:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
699:
696:
691:
683:
682:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
663:
660:
655:
652:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
636:
630:
627:
624:
619:
611:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
589:
586:
583:
578:
570:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
550:Purchase date
548:
545:
542:
495:
492:
451:big government
447:states' rights
404:following the
402:U.S. president
398:Andrew Johnson
361:
360:
358:
357:
350:
343:
335:
332:
331:
319:
317:
316:
311:
309:Robert Johnson
306:
301:
296:
291:
283:
281:
280:
275:
274:
273:
263:
255:
253:
252:
251:
250:
242:
241:
240:
235:
224:
222:
221:
220:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
192:Second inquiry
189:
179:
174:
169:
168:
167:
157:
152:
147:
142:
140:Foreign policy
137:
132:
124:
122:
121:
116:
111:
103:
101:
100:
89:
87:
86:
81:
76:
71:
63:
62:
59:
58:
53:Andrew Johnson
46:a series about
42:
40:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4114:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4052:
4051:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3945:Henry Johnson
3943:
3941:
3940:Dolly Johnson
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3909:
3908:Frank Johnson
3906:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3896:Daniel Stover
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3590:
3582:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3530:
3525:
3523:
3518:
3516:
3511:
3510:
3507:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3407:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3348:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3309:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3274:
3273:
3265:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3205:
3190:
3186:
3180:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3138:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3088:9781324004769
3084:
3080:
3073:
3071:
3055:
3051:
3045:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2974:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2922:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2882:
2878:
2877:Miller Center
2874:
2870:
2864:
2856:
2842:
2838:
2831:
2829:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2802:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2736:
2735:Public Ledger
2732:
2726:
2711:
2707:
2701:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2613:
2609:
2602:
2589:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2560:
2558:
2549:
2543:
2539:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2513:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2480:
2466:
2462:
2455:
2447:
2441:
2427:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2387:
2386:
2378:
2376:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2337:
2333:
2326:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2225:
2221:
2219:9780812987911
2215:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2099:
2091:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1988:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1957:
1955:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1907:
1902:
1895:
1893:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1715:
1713:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1683:
1667:
1658:
1654:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1550:
1545:
1535:
1526:
1522:
1519:This section
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1497:
1494:
1491:July 25, 1868
1489:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1477:July 19, 1867
1475:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:March 2, 1867
1442:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:July 16, 1866
1416:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1368:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1316:
1311:
1298:
1295:U.S. Senator
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1228:Miss Columbia
1225:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1190:Memphis Argus
1184:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1070:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1048:desegregation
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1017:
1012:
1005:
1000:
995:
985:
983:
979:
974:
970:
966:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
940:shadow family
935:
932:
931:miscegenation
928:
924:
918:
916:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
876:Dolly Johnson
869:
863:
849:
846:
843:
841:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
825:
823:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
800:
797:
795:
793:
792:Henry Johnson
790:
788:
783:
780:
777:
774:
772:
770:
767:
765:
763:
760:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
726:
722:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
689:
685:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
631:
628:
625:
623:
622:Dolly Johnson
620:
617:
613:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
590:
587:
584:
582:
579:
576:
572:
567:
564:
561:
558:
556:Freedom date
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
536:
534:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
500:
491:
489:
488:
483:
475:
470:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
435:
434:Manisha Sinha
430:
428:
427:their masters
424:
420:
416:
411:
407:
403:
399:
392:
388:
383:
376:
372:
367:
356:
351:
349:
344:
342:
337:
336:
334:
333:
323:
315:
314:Frank Johnson
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
286:
279:
278:Historic Site
276:
272:
269:
268:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
249:
246:
245:
243:
239:
236:
234:
231:
230:
228:
227:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
187:First inquiry
185:
184:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
166:
163:
162:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
127:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
106:
99:
96:
95:
93:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
70:
67:
66:
65:
64:
55:
41:
38:
34:
33:
30:
29:
24:
19:
4043:
4022:
4015:
4000:
3924:
3898:(son-in-law)
3880:(son-in-law)
3846:
3838:
3830:
3822:
3801:Public image
3609:War Democrat
3493:
3420:
3416:
3406:
3395:
3386:
3364:(1): 16–33.
3361:
3357:
3347:
3322:
3318:
3308:
3297:. Retrieved
3293:
3271:
3264:
3247:
3243:
3233:
3222:. Retrieved
3204:
3193:. Retrieved
3188:
3179:
3168:. Retrieved
3163:
3140:. Retrieved
3118:
3105:
3078:
3058:. Retrieved
3053:
3044:
3033:. Retrieved
3028:
3019:
3008:. Retrieved
3004:
2995:
2986:
2979:Nast, Thomas
2973:
2962:. Retrieved
2958:
2948:
2937:. Retrieved
2932:
2909:. Retrieved
2905:
2896:
2885:. Retrieved
2876:
2863:
2845:. Retrieved
2840:
2816:. Retrieved
2813:tnmuseum.org
2812:
2789:. Retrieved
2784:
2775:
2764:. Retrieved
2759:
2750:
2739:. Retrieved
2734:
2725:
2714:. Retrieved
2709:
2700:
2689:. Retrieved
2684:
2675:
2664:. Retrieved
2659:
2650:
2639:. Retrieved
2635:
2626:
2615:. Retrieved
2611:
2601:
2591:, retrieved
2569:
2537:
2500:
2493:
2468:. Retrieved
2464:
2454:
2429:. Retrieved
2425:
2415:
2408:FamilySearch
2403:
2394:
2384:
2331:
2325:
2290:
2281:
2246:
2222:– via
2209:
2200:
2159:
2155:
2145:
2135:– via
2105:
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2007:
1987:Project MUSE
1985:– via
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1939:WHHA (en-US)
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1525:adding to it
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1347:whataboutism
1341:, historian
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472:"Tennessee"
431:
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73:
18:
3986:Mrs. Harold
3950:Sam Johnson
3930:Henry Brown
3824:Andy's Trip
3553:(1865–1869)
2465:www.nps.gov
2426:www.nps.gov
2162:: 254–258.
1762:. Opinion.
1240:plebeianism
1200:as high as
1099:Thomas Nast
978:sex workers
948:John Catron
896:Greeneville
837:1863-08-08
810:about 1844
807:1863-08-08
798:1857-05-06
778:1866-10-25
762:Henry Brown
743:1863-08-08
712:1920-09-20
706:1863-08-08
676:1905-10-03
670:1863-08-08
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638:1863-08-08
629:1843-01-02
603:after 1883
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375:Sam Johnson
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4066:Categories
3892:(daughter)
3874:(daughter)
3770:Politics:
3639:Presidency
3299:2024-01-05
3224:2023-07-19
3195:2023-07-19
3170:2023-07-19
3142:2023-07-09
3097:2021005132
3060:2023-07-09
3035:2023-07-09
3010:2023-07-09
2964:2024-02-10
2939:2023-05-17
2911:2023-06-24
2887:2023-05-08
2847:2023-06-24
2818:2023-08-05
2791:2023-06-24
2766:2023-08-05
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2470:2023-08-01
2431:2023-08-01
2309:2015034010
2265:2010032595
2137:HathiTrust
2064:2023-06-24
2039:2023-06-24
2014:2023-08-03
1982:2023-07-30
1944:2023-08-01
1912:2023-06-26
1882:2023-06-23
1777:2023-07-30
1702:2023-05-03
1678:References
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1330:, and the
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906:his widow
512:Cincinnati
463:Lost Cause
415:Jacksonian
393:#GLC02041)
373:described
130:Presidency
69:Early life
3429:0011-5266
3370:0040-3261
3331:0040-3261
3256:2327-3917
3219:0028-7504
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2273:154806758
2192:249650951
2176:0010-9452
1772:0362-4331
1737:0040-3261
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1236:bulrushes
1142:from the
1052:Knoxville
927:Civil War
904:intestate
802:US$ 1,050
698:Florence
480:In 1935,
4050:Category
3437:20023846
3417:Daedalus
3378:42627447
3339:42621106
2881:Archived
2479:cite web
2440:cite web
2362:ProQuest
2358:17764213
2350:88009668
2289:(2016).
2245:(2011).
2208:(2020).
2184:35810499
2132:6712742M
2115:28007534
1850:17764213
1842:88009668
1797:(1935).
1745:42626128
1582:See also
1339:magazine
1293:—
1136:Biblical
1127:—
1066:—
834:Unknown
831:Unknown
816:Unknown
781:Married
775:Unknown
709:1850-05
673:1846-03
271:Cemetery
238:election
212:Timeline
3969:Related
3185:"Tears"
2366:7710753
1288:Pharaoh
1148:Red Sea
1138:figure
934:route."
633:US$ 500
592:US$ 549
565:Family
207:Efforts
3918:Slaves
3868:(wife)
3859:Family
3851:(1942)
3843:(1867)
3835:(1867)
3827:(1866)
3734:Vetoes
3564:(1865)
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526:, and
284:Family
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3744:Trial
3433:JSTOR
3374:JSTOR
3335:JSTOR
3250:(1).
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2188:S2CID
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1649:Notes
1451:(see
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1140:Moses
908:Eliza
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813:1890
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600:1835
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