104:
340:
33:
535:
389:, which commemorated those Indigenous Australians who died as a result of European settlement. Other events included the Bicentennial Beacons, a series of bonfires lit around Australia. A celebration featuring motor cycle riders from around Australia was also held in Canberra during the year. Not all events went well with the disastrous Round Australia Yacht Race claiming several lives and being the subject of legal action.
131:, pursuant to the Australian Bicentennial Authority Act 1980, was set up to plan, fund and coordinate projects that emphasized the nation's cultural heritage. State councils were also created to ensure cooperation between the federal and state governments. The result was a national programme of events and celebrations to commemorate the Bicentenary, including:
420:
The
Australian Army formed the Tattoo Regiment in June that was made up of sub-units from the Army's 1st Brigade, including 3 RAR, 5/7 RAR, 2 Cav Regt, 8/12 Medium Regiment and others. It was named Army Tattoo 88 and toured Sydney, Brisbane, Townsville, Darwin, Perth, Adelaide, Hobart, Melbourne and
312:
in Sydney stepped in and held a fund raising appeal to keep the re-enactment on track. The government instead funded a rival display of Tall Ships which sailed up
Australia's east coast and entered Sydney Harbour on the day, and it was felt that this was more acceptable to the Indigenous community.
446:
The event was widely viewed as controversial. Planning for the event raised issues of national identity and historical interpretation. Some wanted to remember the colonisation as an invasion, while others wanted it to focus on historical re-enactments. The
754:
463:
described the celebrations as an "historical absurdity" for its ignorance of 40,000 years of
Aboriginal life and culture. The official slogan was "Living Together" which emphasised the theme of
523:
Demonstrations were also held in other cities and towns, including
Canberra. This was part of a wider Bicentennial Boycott movement, which started in the lead-up to the Bicentennial.
73:
894:
421:
Canberra (although cancelled due to weather). It also had military bands the UK, US, Canada, PNG and New
Zealand. The theme was the 200 years of military history in Australia
178:
The issue by the NSW Department of Motor
Transport (from late 1987 to the end of 1988) of over 160,000 commemorative Bicentennial number plates which were sold at a premium
288:
In collaboration with state governments, the
Commonwealth/State Bicentennial Commemorative Program was established with the development of Heritage Trails in each state.
394:
573:
490:. On 26 January 1988, more than 40,000 people, including Indigenous Australians from across the country, staged the largest march in Sydney since the early 1970s
427:
was published in ten large volumes to mark the bicentenary. It was a collaborative effort involving hundreds of historians and was a decade in the making.
1029:
1044:
516:
218:
in a green gold and white Livery with the official ABA Bicentennial logo and the
Queensland Railways logo known as the "Egg and Lettuce" livery
939:
1039:
17:
320:. The Gazettal was signed by the Governor General, Sir Ninian Stephen, on 19 August 1988. A ceremony was held on 1 September 1988 at the
863:
491:
410:
to coincide with the
Bicentenary, but facing poor reviews and concomitant lack of attendance, closed before the end of February.
548:
487:
739:
966:
123:
The
Australian Bicentenary was marked by pomp and ceremony across Australia to mark the anniversary of the arrival of the
1034:
700:
321:
1004:
814:
777:
577:
325:
231:
182:
1000:
State Library of NSW – First Fleet Re-enactment Company records, 1978–1990: Presented by Trish and Wally Franklin
166:
142:
909:
610:
380:
211:
207:
280:, which took place at midnight on 31 December 1987, was the first official event of Australia's Bicentenary.
514:
also participated in the protests. The march was featured in an episode of the 2013 documentary TV series,
456:
407:
399:
245:, held in Sydney, Melbourne, and Adelaide, which was branded as the McDonald's Bicentennial Youth World Cup
242:
476:
448:
360:
1024:
368:
348:
277:
263:
999:
506:. Dubbed the Long March for Justice, Freedom and Hope, or just March for Justice, Freedom and Hope,
471:
had intervened to change the motto to "The Australian Achievement" in order to be more celebratory.
914:
495:
475:
later restored the original motto. The response from the right wing in the country was loud. The
186:
107:
483:
claimed the Bicentenary was attempting to re-write the British out of the history of Australia.
553:
452:
436:
305:
200:
in a unique green and gold livery featuring the official ABA Bicentennial logo and the wording
873:
460:
676:
Australian National Botanic Gardens and Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research
731:
724:
383:. It was also marked by the creation of one of Australia's most significant art works, the
259:
8:
385:
837:
810:
773:
735:
606:
499:
249:
304:
refused to fund the First Fleet re-enactment, because it believed this might offend
175:
Presentation to all Australian schoolchildren of a Bicentennial "Heritage Medallion"
540:
480:
440:
333:
301:
221:
1009:
671:
479:
suggested that tradition had been sacrificed to appease a minority. The historian
48:, 1988. The Australian Bicentenary was marked with much ceremony across Australia.
971:
897:
804:
767:
600:
511:
464:
376:
215:
103:
100:. 1988 is considered the official bicentenary year of the founding of Australia.
97:
339:
468:
356:
269:
193:
146:
135:
89:
81:
41:
32:
696:
300:, Sydney Harbour hosted a re-enactment of the arrival of the First Fleet. The
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502:, where several prominent Aboriginal leaders and activists spoke, among them
403:
297:
156:
150:
111:
45:
507:
364:
344:
316:
Australia's floral emblem was officially declared to be the Golden Wattle
329:
124:
85:
72:
57:
37:
634:
238:, Sydney, and Melbourne, which was branded as the Bicentennial World Cup
181:
The celebration of the 100th anniversary of the arrival of Queensland's
503:
806:
The Culture Wars: Australian and American Politics in the 21st Century
472:
309:
56:
was celebrated in 1988. It marked 200 years since the arrival of the
940:"1988 March for Justice, Freedom and Hope (2013) – The Screen Guide"
255:
Trans-Australia hot air balloon race, Perth to Sydney, 30 March 1988
494:
demonstrations. The protesters marched through Sydney chanting for
413:
Significant improvements to Australian roads were made through the
372:
160:
328:, made the formal announcement and the Prime Minister's wife, Mrs
224:, a railway display of steam locomotives at Spencer Street Station
1005:
State Library of NSW – First Fleet Re-enactment Voyage 1987–1988
27:
200th anniversary of the arrival of the First Fleet in Australia
197:
172:
Australian Bicentennial Exhibition touring throughout Australia
93:
61:
632:
235:
697:"Historic speeches: The Queen marks Australia's bicentenary"
435:
The event triggered debate on Australian national identity,
868:
252:, a one-off non-Ashes England-Australia Test match in Perth
602:
The Australian Flag: Colonial Relic Or Contemporary Icon?
227:
The Australian Bicentennial Airshow held at RAAF Richmond
272:) by various Australian states in several denominations
355:
1988 was also marked by the completion of many unique
114:, as part of the celebrations for the 1988 Bicentenary
730:(2nd ed.). London: Thames & Hudson. p.
379:
precinct was completed and opened, as was the modern
530:
196:
locomotive A66 by regional Victorian train operator
765:
76:
The Australian Bicentennial Authority official logo
809:. Palgrave Macmillan Australia. pp. 146–147.
769:Commemorative Events: Memory, Identities, Conflict
723:
402:, that was loosely based on the life of historian
984:Saturday, 12 August 2016, Moree, New South Wales.
1016:
650:
415:Australian Bicentennial Road Development Program
895:Indigenous Protest, 1988 Australian Bicentenary
934:
932:
672:"Floral emblems of Australia: Golden Wattle"
576:. Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Archived from
910:"Long March for Justice, Freedom and Hope"
486:The protest was planned immediately after
451:wanted people to boycott the event unless
138:, a television special on New Year's Night
929:
566:
268:The issuing of "expo dollars" (a form of
163:, the largest event of these celebrations
92:in 1788, and the founding of the city of
574:"Timeline – Australia's Prime Ministers"
338:
127:of British ships at Sydney in 1788. The
102:
71:
31:
766:Frost, Warwick; Jennifer Laing (2013).
755:National Library of Australia Catalogue
721:
633:Heritage Trails Network (W.A.) (1986),
129:Australian Bicentennial Authority (ABA)
14:
1045:Australian bicentennial commemorations
1017:
958:
798:
796:
703:from the original on 28 September 2006
549:Bicentenary of James Cook in Australia
439:rights, historical interpretation and
964:
802:
669:
598:
80:The bicentennial year marked Captain
488:the 1982 Commonwealth Games protests
395:Manning Clark's History of Australia
84:'s arrival with the 11 ships of the
1040:Australian historical anniversaries
1030:History of Australia (1945–present)
793:
759:
322:Australian National Botanic Gardens
24:
592:
283:
25:
1056:
993:
425:Australians: a historical library
363:and on 9 May of that year, Queen
324:. The Minister for Home Affairs,
965:Forde, Susan (22 October 2019).
605:. Federation Press. p. 89.
533:
202:1788 Australian Bicentenary 1988
902:
888:
856:
838:"Birthday hype 'blurs history'"
830:
291:
167:The Great Australian Camel Race
143:First Fleet Re-enactment Voyage
118:
748:
715:
689:
663:
626:
375:. As well as this, the modern
232:1988 Women's Cricket World Cup
13:
1:
772:. Routledge. pp. 10–11.
559:
18:Australia's Bicentennial
864:"ANALYSIS: The '88 protests"
510:was one of the organisers.)
457:Anglican Church of Australia
408:Princess Theatre (Melbourne)
276:The opening ceremony of the
243:1988 Youth Cricket World Cup
60:of British convict ships at
7:
1010:Floral Emblems of Australia
526:
477:Institute of Public Affairs
449:Uniting Church in Australia
430:
361:Bicentennial National Trail
10:
1061:
1035:Bicentennial anniversaries
658:John Howard Prime Minister
67:
278:16th World Scout Jamboree
264:Royal Melbourne Golf Club
915:The Dictionary of Sydney
599:Foley, Carol A. (1996).
467:. Former Prime Minister
455:rights were recognised.
169:, from Uluru to the Expo
54:bicentenary of Australia
722:Caruana, Wally (2003).
381:Sydney Football Stadium
656:Barnett & Goward;
554:Australian State Coach
352:
306:Indigenous Australians
115:
77:
49:
967:"Pulling down fences"
660:; Viking; 1997; Ch 12
498:. The march ended at
406:opened in January at
359:projects such as the
342:
106:
75:
35:
369:New Parliament House
260:Bicentennial Classic
214:locomotive, 1723 by
210:locomotive 2401 and
183:Western Railway Line
803:Huynh, Kim (2009).
636:Heritage trail news
386:Aboriginal Memorial
216:Queensland Railways
141:The arrival of the
842:The Canberra Times
517:Desperate Measures
492:Vietnam Moratorium
353:
116:
96:and the colony of
78:
50:
1025:1988 in Australia
741:978-0-500-20366-8
670:Boden, A (2012).
250:Bicentennial Test
16:(Redirected from
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987:
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979:
962:
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955:
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944:Screen Australia
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872:. Archived from
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541:Australia portal
538:
537:
536:
481:Geoffrey Blainey
441:multiculturalism
349:Parliament House
318:Acacia pycnantha
302:Hawke government
206:The painting of
192:The painting of
40:re-enactment on
21:
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1053:
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972:Griffith Review
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947:
946:. 16 March 2018
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918:
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898:Museum Victoria
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583:
581:
580:on 26 June 2012
572:
571:
567:
562:
539:
534:
532:
529:
512:Lyall Munro Jnr
465:multi-culturism
433:
377:Darling Harbour
347:opened the new
294:
286:
284:Heritage trails
189:on 1 March 1988
121:
98:New South Wales
70:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1058:
1048:
1047:
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1013:
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1007:
1002:
995:
994:External links
992:
989:
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957:
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876:on 27 May 2022
855:
829:
816:978-1420256178
815:
792:
779:978-0415690607
778:
758:
747:
740:
726:Aboriginal Art
714:
699:. 9 May 1988.
688:
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611:
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563:
561:
558:
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545:
544:
528:
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469:Malcolm Fraser
432:
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398:, directed by
392:A new musical
293:
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285:
282:
274:
273:
270:local currency
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253:
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147:Sydney Harbour
139:
136:Australia Live
120:
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90:Sydney Harbour
82:Arthur Phillip
69:
66:
42:Sydney Harbour
26:
9:
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2:
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639:, The Project
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404:Manning Clark
401:
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388:
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366:
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346:
341:
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334:Golden Wattle
331:
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314:
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307:
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299:
298:Australia Day
289:
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222:Aus Steam '88
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157:World Expo 88
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153:, 26 January.
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151:Australia Day
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112:World Expo 88
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59:
55:
47:
46:Australia Day
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
983:
976:. Retrieved
970:
960:
948:. Retrieved
943:
919:. Retrieved
913:
904:
890:
878:. Retrieved
874:the original
867:
858:
846:. Retrieved
844:. 1 May 1988
841:
832:
820:. Retrieved
805:
783:. Retrieved
768:
761:
750:
725:
717:
705:. Retrieved
691:
679:. Retrieved
675:
665:
657:
652:
643:20 September
641:, retrieved
635:
628:
616:. Retrieved
601:
594:
582:. Retrieved
578:the original
568:
522:
515:
508:Linda Burney
485:
461:George Hearn
445:
434:
424:
423:
419:
414:
412:
393:
391:
384:
365:Elizabeth II
354:
345:Elizabeth II
332:, planted a
317:
315:
295:
292:Other events
287:
275:
201:
128:
122:
119:Celebrations
79:
53:
51:
29:
978:21 November
822:14 February
785:14 February
681:17 November
618:14 February
496:land rights
367:opened the
357:development
330:Hazel Hawke
187:Charleville
125:First Fleet
86:First Fleet
58:First Fleet
38:First Fleet
1019:Categories
950:8 February
921:8 February
612:1862871884
560:References
504:Gary Foley
453:Aboriginal
437:Indigenous
326:Robert Ray
262:, held at
234:, held in
212:1720 class
208:2400 class
36:Tall ship
707:14 August
584:9 October
500:Hyde Park
473:Bob Hawke
400:John Bell
310:Radio 2GB
108:Skyneedle
64:in 1788.
880:20 April
701:Archived
527:See also
431:Protests
373:Canberra
351:on 9 May
161:Brisbane
459:bishop
194:A class
68:History
848:3 July
813:
776:
738:
609:
343:Queen
198:V/Line
94:Sydney
62:Sydney
236:Perth
185:into
980:2022
952:2023
923:2023
882:2020
869:NITV
850:2021
824:2015
811:ISBN
787:2015
774:ISBN
736:ISBN
709:2006
683:2017
645:2016
620:2015
607:ISBN
586:2013
258:The
248:The
241:The
230:The
52:The
732:226
371:in
296:On
159:in
149:on
145:in
110:at
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588:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
