59:
75:
1888:
141:
442:(ANC) troops took control of the town and arrested Kalonji, by December 1961. After escaping from the jail in which he was being held, he briefly re-established his government. A second assault on the independent state was launched in the summer of 1962, with ANC government troops fighting poorly armed tribesmen outside of the city. Kalonji was captured again on 4 October 1962 when ANC forces retook Bakwanga, effectively ending the region's independence. Soon after the end of the secession, Bakwanga was renamed Mbuji-Mayi after
496:
sector of the city controlled by MIBA, the road network was virtually nonexistent, and in 1991, the entire city had only about 19.7 km of paved roads, all in poor condition. The state-run power plant went out of service in 1990, with an 11.8 mW hydroelectric plant run by MIBA as the only source of electricity, but frequent power outages led residents to other sources of heat and light, mainly wood and charcoal leading to widespread deforestation in the area.
82:
434:
on Aug. 8, 1960 and established the city, then still known as
Bakwanga, as his capital. In April 1961, Kalonji declared himself as emperor of the region in a traditional tribal ceremony and then returned to Bakwanga, where he was "carried through crowds of chanting, singing and cheering Balubas," and
457:
In the political vacuum, MIBA stepped in. In the place of the federal government, MIBA invested heavily in the region by repairing roads, paying soldiers and supplying water and electricity to the city from its own power station. The company set up a social fund of $ 5 to $ 6 million a year, roughly
382:
The young city, known at the time as
Bakwanga, grew quickly but around strict planning by MIBA, which divided the community into labor camps, mining areas and living quarters. The city's growth was not explosive, and planning was done with the needs of the mining company in mind, not the development
523:
to speak with Kabila, who held him for several days, prompting his family to purchase advertising in newspapers publicising their concerns for his safety. Nzemba was released shortly after, but MIBA began making "voluntary contributions" to Kabila's war, an estimated $ 5.5 million in 1997 and 1998.
586:
The city had always been a major source of the world's diamonds and that did not change after independence, nor did the age-old tradition of diamond smuggling. But after independence, that ability of the government to control the diamond smuggling quickly eroded and diamond smuggling dramatically
495:
Although Nzemba and MIBA's largesse helped Mbuji-Mayi maintain some semblance of infrastructure and social services, at least by the standards of Zaïre, the city still struggled. Electricity was spotty, the university was broken down and the road system disintegrated with the rain. Outside of the
374:
The region where the city of Mbuji-Mayi now stands was once a cluster of villages on land owned by the
Bakwanga clan. Diamonds were first discovered in the area as early as 1907, but the true value of the find was not recognised until 1913. Following the discovery, a mining camp designed to house
595:
The city lacks much of the organization and classic
European architecture that other major cities in the DRC inherited from the Belgian colonists. Journalist Michela Wrong, described Mbuji-Mayi as "a curiously soulless settlement, with no tangible centre ... It is purely functional conurbation,
399:
The area around Mbuji-Mayi is one of the richest sources of mineral wealth in the world. In the 1950s, it was estimated that the Mbuji-Mayi area had the world's most important industrial diamond deposits, containing at least 300 million karats of diamonds. The city was constructed on top of the
386:
In fact, fearing theft of the company's diamond resources, the MIBA actively discouraged building in the region and closely monitored who went in and out of the region. Every person in the region needed a permit allowing them to be there, and registration at a command post that monitored the
400:
diamond deposits, and while the city's reputation as a company town under tight control of
Belgian economic interests meant it was neat and orderly, it also meant that the city's buildings and homes, including those of top MIBA executives, were sometimes demolished to access the diamonds.
543:. In 2020 the DRC government launched a project to improve drinking water expected to cost at least $ 26.2 million. This investment was expected to help, but not be enough to substantially solve the city's water crisis. The Pan China company doing the work will rehabilitate the city's
485:, which was jointly sponsored by MIBA and the local Catholic Church, and which became the home base of CDEKO. The new organization spearheaded economic growth in Mbuji-Mayi, helped support the development of new agricultural and beer industry expansion around the city and launched
313:, and translates as "Goat-Water," a name deriving from the great number of goats in the region. Despite its large population, the city remains remote, having little connection to surrounding provinces or to Kinshasa and Lubumbashi. However, Mbuji-Mayi is the traditional centre of
1495:
Kayomo, Michel Kaswa; Hasker, Epco; Aloni, Muriel; Nkuku, Léontine; Kazadi, Marcel; Kabengele, Thierry; Muteteke, Dorcas; Kapita, François; Lufulwabo, Alphonse; Mukadi, Ya Diul; Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques; Ieven, Margareta; de Jong, Bouke C.; Boelaert, Marleen (2018).
387:
population, which made indefinite residence in the area almost impossible to establish. There was limited economic activity besides the company-run mining, with even limited agriculture, and the city's population remained low, at approximately 39,830 by the late 1950s.
390:
As the city grew, more and more infrastructure needs required investment in roads, public works and hospitals. While several primary schools were developed for workers, until independence, there was no higher education available for the native population.
403:
In the earlier years, most of the diamonds mined in the area came from one large MIBA-controlled mine on the city's outskirts, but diamonds could also be easily found in the area's streams and waterways, making it possible for anyone to collect them.
596:
dedicated to making money, with little left over for less focused activities." Even today, much of the city revolves around the Avenue Inga, where diamond and mineral buyers have set up shop and the city's main business remains the diamond trade.
465:
the chief executive officer of MIBA one of the most powerful men in the region, and the de facto governor of Mbuji-Mayi. Nzemba, who was appointed by Mobutu in 1986, was considered one of the more powerful players in Mobutu's political party, the
478:
587:
increased. The black market quickly eclipsed the official business, and in 1963, MIBA officially recorded producing 1.4 million karats of diamonds, while smugglers exported between 4 million and 6 million more karats.
630:. No state agents were known to have been prosecuted for the killings. Poverty lures in illegal miners to MIBA diamond concessions where they may be shot or detained in quarters with poor living conditions.
616:
investigated and found the prison was filled to six times its capacity giving each prisoner a fixed spot less than about 0.25 square meters (2.7 square feet) in a cell. About half of the inmates were
492:
Mobutu's willingness to let Nzemba control the province through MIBA came at a price, as Nzemba may have skimmed as much as $ 1.5 to $ 2 million a month to send to Mobutu's personal bank accounts.
358:
1007:
1355:
513:
1012:
74:
519:
When the city fell to the rebels on April 4, 1997, looting by both sides took a toll on the city, particularly MIBA's mining operations. Nzemba was also summoned to
1942:
1632:
482:
1033:
1937:
1642:
576:
454:
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Zaïre and Mobutu paid little attention to Mbuji-Mayi, offering almost no money to build roads, schools or hospitals.
153:
1887:
330:
261:
42:
1922:
638:
1927:
1331:
1473:
527:
In
October 1998, Mbuji-Mayi was occupied by both Zimbabwean and Chadian troops as they poured into the country to back up Kabila as the
58:
613:
626:
published a report in 2002 about dozens of people being shot dead in the diamond fields of Mbuji-Mayi, with most victims suspected of
539:
As of 2019 some residents were obtaining water from local rivers which contributed to local outbreaks of water-borne diseases such as
1625:
486:
1428:
620:. These conditions, combined with poor ventilation, lack of sunshine, and lack of TB screening, had allowed TB to spread for years.
317:
mining in Congo, with it being located on top of one of the largest known deposits in the world. Air travel is provided through the
103:
1693:
1332:
United
Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs Integrated Regional Information Network for the Great Lakes (21 March 1997).
354:
1498:"Outbreak of Tuberculosis and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Mbuji-Mayi Central Prison, Democratic Republic of the Congo"
1618:
1932:
1398:
467:
357:. This division into communes has been in effect since Ministerial (Departmental) Order No. 83 of March 4, 1968 of the
1295:
1159:
1070:
609:
1610:
1646:
1092:
UN Integrated
Regional Information Networks (Feb 25, 2008), "Congo-Kinshasa; Neglect, Deaths in Prison Condemned",
580:
376:
146:
1147:
439:
642:
462:
273:
481:(CDEKO), a regional economic development group in the early 1990s. Nzemba also backed the creation of the
1058:
431:
1226:
1555:
509:
458:
8 percent of its annual budget. This money went to repair infrastructure and to fund a new university.
1034:"Kasai oriental: Jean-Marie Lutumba, nouveau maire de Mbujimayi, a pris officiellement ses fonctions"
1002:
419:
Mbuji-Mayi grew rapidly upon
Congolese independence in 1960 with the immigration of members of the
298:
estimated population of 1,480,000 to as many as 3,500,000 estimated by the United
Nations in 2008.
17:
1562:
623:
471:
8:
1917:
1432:
408:
265:
240:
1532:
1497:
1426:
474:, a popular local political figure and Mobutu's most significant political opposition.
350:
318:
314:
294:
1640:
1537:
1519:
1333:
1291:
1155:
1527:
1509:
443:
306:
1657:
1285:
1107:
544:
528:
505:
1152:
In the Footsteps of Mr. Kurtz: Living on the Brink of Disaster in Mobutu's Congo
276:. It is thought to be the second largest city in the country, after the capital
627:
552:
427:
269:
158:
27:
Provincial capital and city in Kasai-Oriental, Democratic Republic of the Congo
407:
As of 1963, Mbuji-Mayi-based MIBA was the source of 80 percent of the world's
1911:
1783:
1523:
1121:
912:
118:
105:
1406:
1587:
1541:
1514:
1474:"DRC: Government launches drinking water project in the town of Mbuji-Mayi"
1091:
617:
605:
1427:
United Nations Integrated Regional Information Networks (17 April 1997).
548:
420:
334:
302:
508:
broke out, Nzemba initially sided with Mobutu against the rebels led by
292:, though its exact population is not known. Estimates range from a 2010
1828:
1588:"Climate: Mbuji-Mayi - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table"
1446:
583:
and Diamant International are the major diamond producers in the area.
281:
213:
1801:
1702:
285:
231:
516:(AFDL or ADFLC) approached the city, Nzemba quickly switched sides.
1873:
1855:
310:
277:
1556:"Making a killing: The diamond trade in government-controlled DRC"
430:, a Luba tribal chief, declared himself ruler of the secessionist
1837:
1810:
1774:
1756:
1747:
1399:"Democratic Republic of the Congo: Kabila turns diamonds to dust"
569:
540:
342:
338:
289:
446:
in an attempt to signify a Luba intra-ethnicity reconciliation.
435:
dancing continued outside his royal palace there for four days.
1846:
1819:
1765:
1729:
1711:
1675:
1666:
572:
514:
Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo-Zaire
236:
1792:
1738:
1684:
479:
Conference pour le Developpement Economique de Kasai Oriental
438:
The celebration was short-lived, as the central government's
346:
1311:
1720:
520:
461:
The investments and its position as largest employer made
1405:. London: IC Publications. pp. 31–32. Archived from
1382:
The Management of Secondary Cities in Sub-Saharan Africa
1204:
The Management of Secondary Cities in Sub-Saharan Africa
1191:
The Management of Secondary Cities in Sub-Saharan Africa
1178:
The Management of Secondary Cities in Sub-Saharan Africa
1494:
1105:
République démocratique du Congo - Ministère du Plan,
1336:. University of Pennsylvania - African Studies Center
1172:
1170:
309:. The name Mbuji-Mayi comes from the local language,
1582:
1580:
1374:
1196:
1439:
1183:
1167:
423:ethnic group from different parts of the country.
1429:"IRIN Emergency Update No.152 on the Great Lakes"
470:(MPR), but he also called himself a "brother" of
1909:
1577:
568:As a commercial center, Mbuji-Mayi handles most
1420:
1283:
563:
1943:Cities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1334:"Zaïre: IRIN Briefing Part VI: Kasai, 3/21/97"
414:
383:of the region as a general population centre.
1626:
1356:"Who's Who No. 129 - Jonas M. Kadiata Nzemba"
547:, extend the distribution network, construct
1891:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1380:United Nations Centre for Human Settlements
1327:
1325:
1284:Pandey, Gyanendra; Geschiere, Peter (2003).
1269:"Congo Troops Capture Kalonji, Crush Army".
1202:United Nations Centre for Human Settlements
1189:United Nations Centre for Human Settlements
1176:United Nations Centre for Human Settlements
1108:Monographie de la province du Kasaï oriental
1348:
1304:
1262:
1247:
639:Köppen-Geiger climate classification system
324:
1633:
1619:
1488:
1273:. Los Angeles. 3 October 1962. p. 14.
599:
1531:
1513:
1392:
1390:
1322:
1258:. Washington. 10 April 1961. pp. A9.
604:In January 2015 there was an outbreak of
1938:1914 establishments in the Belgian Congo
1471:
1318:. London. 15 March 1997. pp. 42–43.
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1031:
14:
1910:
1396:
1387:
1254:"Balubas Hail Kalonji As Their King".
1120:Shomba Kinyamba S. and Olela Nonga D.
1085:
1063:
612:in the Mbuji-Mayi Central Prison. The
558:
194:135.12 km (52.17 sq mi)
1614:
1472:Takouleu, Jean Marie (Feb 12, 2020).
1224:
1209:
1145:
1127:, MES Editions, Kinshasa, 2015, p. 11
534:
477:Nzemba is credited with creating the
1928:Populated places established in 1914
1900:Provinces are shown between brackets
1362:. Indigo Publications. 29 March 2006
1256:The Washington Post and Times-Herald
1227:"Gem Smuggling On The Rise In Congo"
1130:
1032:Luabeya, Ronsard (23 January 2023).
375:miners and company officials of the
1225:Lukas, J. Anthony (March 7, 1963).
1008:Université Officielle de Mbuji Mayi
369:
333:(municipalities), each headed by a
24:
1923:Populated places in Kasaï-Oriental
1886:
1099:
468:Popular Movement of the Revolution
379:(MIBA) was developed in the area.
81:
25:
1954:
1606:
394:
1647:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1122:/Documents%20EN/Monographie.pdf
579:, and production in the Congo.
411:and 57 percent of all diamonds.
147:Democratic Republic of the Congo
139:
80:
73:
57:
1548:
1465:
1277:
590:
449:
223: • Urban density
1114:
1052:
1025:
555:and administrative buildings.
329:Mbuji-Mayi is made up of five
272:Province in the south-central
13:
1:
1018:
226:21,000/km (55,000/sq mi)
1502:Emerging Infectious Diseases
1111:, Kinshasa, mars 2005, p. 87
996:
652:Climate data for Mbuji-Mayi
564:Diamond mining and smuggling
499:
463:Jonas Mukamba Kadiata Nzemba
426:Shortly after independence,
274:Democratic Republic of Congo
7:
1384:. UN-Habitat, 1991, p. 133.
1206:. UN-Habitat, 1991, p. 129.
1193:. UN-Habitat, 1991, p. 126.
1180:. UN-Habitat, 1991, p. 125.
841:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
701:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
581:Societé minière de Bakwanga
489:, a locally owned airline.
432:Mining State of South Kasai
415:Capital city of South Kasai
377:Societé minière de Bakwanga
10:
1959:
1933:Capitals of former nations
1360:Africa Mining Intelligence
984:
651:
641:classifies its climate as
633:
440:Armée Nationale Congolaise
364:
202:549 m (1,801 ft)
1898:
1884:
1653:
1287:The Forging of Nationhood
1124:Monographie de Mbujimayi
910:
840:
770:
700:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
230:
222:
211:
206:
198:
190:
185:
177:
172:
164:
152:
134:
99:
68:
56:
49:
39:
32:
1290:. Manohar. p. 203.
1071:"CIA The World Factbook"
1003:University of Mbuji Mayi
359:Minister of the Interior
325:Territorial organization
1146:Wrong, Michela (2002),
1013:Université de Tshilenge
610:multi-drug-resistant TB
600:Human rights criticisms
41:Provincial capital and
1892:
1515:10.3201/eid2411.180769
1447:"War turns commercial"
1890:
1869:(Kasaï Oriental)
1563:Amnesty International
1271:The Los Angeles Times
624:Amnesty International
510:Laurent-Désiré Kabila
643:tropical wet and dry
1435:on 19 October 2011.
771:Daily mean °C (°F)
559:Culture and economy
483:University of Kasai
409:industrial diamonds
301:Mbuji-Mayi lies in
241:Central Africa Time
115: /
51:Ville de Mbuji-Mayi
1893:
1590:. Climate-Data.org
1397:Misser, F (2000).
1312:"The diamond city"
1234:The New York Times
1059:PopulationStat.com
535:Early 21st century
512:, but as Kabila's
472:Étienne Tshisekedi
319:Mbuji Mayi Airport
315:industrial diamond
295:CIA World Factbook
191: • Urban
181:Jean-Marie Lutumba
178: • Mayor
63:Mbuji-Mayi Airport
1905:
1904:
1508:(11): 2029–2035.
1453:. 22 October 1998
1154:, HarperCollins,
993:
992:
989:, altitude: 614m
247:
246:
16:(Redirected from
1950:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1816:
1807:
1798:
1789:
1780:
1771:
1762:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1663:
1641:Capitals of the
1635:
1628:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1584:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1560:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1535:
1517:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1431:. Archived from
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1403:African Business
1394:
1385:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1329:
1320:
1319:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1231:
1222:
1207:
1200:
1194:
1187:
1181:
1174:
1165:
1164:
1143:
1128:
1118:
1112:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1067:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1029:
987:Climate-Data.org
649:
648:
608:(TB), including
370:Pre-independence
307:Mbuji-Mayi River
145:
143:
142:
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:
120:
119:6.150°S 23.600°E
116:
113:
112:
111:
108:
84:
83:
77:
61:
30:
29:
21:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1894:
1882:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1851:(Kongo Central)
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1787:
1779:(Kasai-Central)
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1670:
1661:
1649:
1639:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1456:
1454:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1410:
1395:
1388:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1330:
1323:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1298:
1282:
1278:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1238:
1236:
1229:
1223:
1210:
1201:
1197:
1188:
1184:
1175:
1168:
1162:
1144:
1131:
1119:
1115:
1104:
1100:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1030:
1026:
1021:
999:
994:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
636:
602:
593:
566:
561:
545:pumping station
537:
531:began to grow.
529:First Congo War
506:First Congo War
502:
452:
444:the local river
417:
397:
372:
367:
327:
305:country on the
140:
138:
123:
121:
117:
114:
109:
106:
104:
102:
101:
95:
94:
93:
92:
91:
90:
89:
85:
64:
45:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1956:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1835:
1833:(Haut‑Katanga)
1826:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1664:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1638:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1615:
1608:
1607:External links
1605:
1602:
1601:
1576:
1565:. Oct 22, 2002
1547:
1487:
1464:
1438:
1419:
1386:
1373:
1347:
1321:
1303:
1296:
1276:
1261:
1246:
1208:
1195:
1182:
1166:
1160:
1129:
1113:
1098:
1084:
1062:
1051:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1005:
998:
995:
991:
990:
982:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
908:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
838:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
768:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
698:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
654:
653:
647:
635:
632:
628:illegal mining
601:
598:
592:
589:
565:
562:
560:
557:
536:
533:
501:
498:
451:
448:
428:Albert Kalonji
416:
413:
396:
395:Mineral wealth
393:
371:
368:
366:
363:
326:
323:
270:Kasai-Oriental
245:
244:
234:
228:
227:
224:
220:
219:
216:
209:
208:
204:
203:
200:
196:
195:
192:
188:
187:
183:
182:
179:
175:
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
159:Kasai-Oriental
156:
150:
149:
136:
132:
131:
124:-6.150; 23.600
97:
96:
87:
86:
79:
78:
72:
71:
70:
69:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
47:
46:
40:
37:
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1955:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1897:
1889:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1770:(Haut-Lomami)
1767:
1764:
1758:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1731:
1728:
1722:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1707:(Nord-Ubangi)
1704:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1636:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1589:
1583:
1581:
1564:
1557:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1475:
1468:
1452:
1451:The Economist
1448:
1442:
1434:
1430:
1423:
1409:on 2012-06-14
1408:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1391:
1383:
1377:
1361:
1357:
1351:
1335:
1328:
1326:
1317:
1316:The Economist
1313:
1307:
1299:
1297:9788173044250
1293:
1289:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1265:
1257:
1250:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1205:
1199:
1192:
1186:
1179:
1173:
1171:
1163:
1161:0-06-093443-3
1157:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1126:
1125:
1117:
1110:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1072:
1066:
1060:
1055:
1039:
1038:Coulisses.net
1035:
1028:
1024:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
988:
983:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
914:
913:precipitation
909:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
839:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
769:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
699:
655:
650:
646:
644:
640:
631:
629:
625:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
597:
588:
584:
582:
578:
574:
571:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
532:
530:
525:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
497:
493:
490:
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
464:
459:
455:
447:
445:
441:
436:
433:
429:
424:
422:
412:
410:
405:
401:
392:
388:
384:
380:
378:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
299:
297:
296:
291:
287:
283:
280:and ahead of
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
242:
238:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
215:
212: •
210:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
180:
176:
171:
167:
163:
160:
157:
155:
151:
148:
137:
133:
128:
100:Coordinates:
98:
76:
67:
60:
55:
52:
48:
44:
38:
31:
19:
1864:
1761:(Tanganyika)
1734:(Mai-Ndombe)
1716:(Sud-Ubangi)
1594:17 September
1592:. Retrieved
1567:. Retrieved
1550:
1505:
1501:
1490:
1478:. Retrieved
1467:
1455:. Retrieved
1450:
1441:
1433:the original
1422:
1411:. Retrieved
1407:the original
1402:
1381:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1359:
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1315:
1306:
1286:
1279:
1270:
1264:
1255:
1249:
1237:. Retrieved
1233:
1203:
1198:
1190:
1185:
1177:
1151:
1123:
1116:
1106:
1101:
1093:
1087:
1075:. Retrieved
1065:
1054:
1042:. Retrieved
1037:
1027:
986:
915:mm (inches)
637:
622:
618:malnourished
606:tuberculosis
603:
594:
591:Architecture
585:
567:
549:water towers
538:
526:
518:
503:
494:
491:
476:
460:
456:
453:
450:Jonas Nzemba
437:
425:
418:
406:
402:
398:
389:
385:
381:
373:
328:
300:
293:
257:
253:
249:
248:
50:
1743:(Haut-Uele)
1725:(Nord-Kivu)
1094:Africa News
1040:(in French)
335:burgomaster
122: /
1918:Mbuji-Mayi
1912:Categories
1865:Mbuji-Mayi
1860:(Équateur)
1829:Lubumbashi
1698:(Bas-Uele)
1680:(Sud-Kivu)
1413:2011-06-02
1044:23 January
1019:References
551:, and add
282:Lubumbashi
256:(formerly
250:Mbuji-Mayi
207:Population
173:Government
88:Mbuji-Mayi
34:Mbuji-Mayi
1842:(Sankuru)
1824:(Mongala)
1815:(Lualaba)
1802:Kisangani
1797:(Maniema)
1703:Gbadolite
1671:(Tshuapa)
1643:provinces
1524:1080-6040
1476:. Afrik21
997:Education
500:Civil war
286:Kisangani
254:Mbujimayi
232:Time zone
218:2,892,000
199:Elevation
1874:Tshikapa
1856:Mbandaka
1806:(Tshopo)
1788:(Kwango)
1752:(Lomami)
1658:Bandundu
1542:30334730
1239:11 April
985:Source:
911:Average
553:metering
331:communes
311:Tshiluba
278:Kinshasa
264:and the
258:Bakwanga
154:Province
18:Bakwanga
1878:(Kasaï)
1838:Lusambo
1811:Kolwezi
1775:Kananga
1757:Kalemie
1748:Kabinda
1689:(Ituri)
1662:(Kwilu)
1645:of the
1569:Aug 15,
1533:6199999
1480:Aug 15,
1077:May 30,
980:(59.5)
906:(67.2)
901:(68.4)
891:(67.6)
886:(67.5)
881:(66.4)
876:(63.7)
871:(63.9)
866:(67.5)
861:(68.5)
856:(68.7)
851:(68.2)
846:(68.2)
836:(77.7)
831:(77.4)
826:(77.5)
821:(77.5)
816:(77.9)
811:(77.5)
806:(76.8)
801:(77.2)
796:(79.0)
791:(78.6)
786:(78.6)
781:(77.5)
776:(77.4)
766:(88.4)
761:(86.5)
756:(87.3)
751:(87.6)
746:(88.5)
741:(88.7)
736:(90.0)
731:(90.5)
726:(90.7)
721:(88.9)
716:(88.5)
711:(87.1)
706:(86.7)
634:Climate
577:panning
570:diamond
541:cholera
504:As the
487:Wetrafa
365:History
343:Dibindi
339:Bipemba
290:Kananga
266:capital
260:) is a
165:Founded
135:Country
110:23°36′E
107:06°09′S
1876:
1867:
1858:
1849:
1847:Matadi
1840:
1831:
1822:
1820:Lisala
1813:
1804:
1795:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1766:Kamina
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1730:Inongo
1723:
1714:
1712:Gemena
1705:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1676:Bukavu
1669:
1667:Boende
1660:
1540:
1530:
1522:
1457:1 June
1366:1 June
1340:1 June
1294:
1158:
975:(8.1)
970:(9.2)
965:(6.2)
960:(5.5)
955:(1.3)
950:(0.4)
945:(0.8)
940:(2.6)
935:(6.3)
930:(8.0)
925:(5.2)
920:(5.9)
657:Month
645:(Aw).
573:mining
351:Kanshi
144:
1793:Kindu
1784:Kenge
1739:Isiro
1685:Bunia
1559:(PDF)
1230:(PDF)
1073:. CIA
978:1,510
896:(68)
696:Year
347:Diulu
237:UTC+2
214:Urban
1721:Goma
1694:Buta
1596:2013
1571:2020
1538:PMID
1520:ISSN
1482:2020
1459:2011
1368:2011
1342:2011
1292:ISBN
1241:2016
1156:ISBN
1079:2011
1046:2023
904:19.6
899:20.2
889:19.8
884:19.7
879:19.1
874:17.6
869:17.7
864:19.7
859:20.3
854:20.4
849:20.1
844:20.1
834:25.4
829:25.2
824:25.3
819:25.3
814:25.5
809:25.3
804:24.9
799:25.1
794:26.1
789:25.9
784:25.9
779:25.3
774:25.2
764:31.3
759:30.3
754:30.7
749:30.9
744:31.4
739:31.5
734:32.2
729:32.5
724:32.6
719:31.6
714:31.4
709:30.6
704:30.4
693:Dec
690:Nov
687:Oct
684:Sep
681:Aug
678:Jul
675:Jun
672:May
669:Apr
666:Mar
663:Feb
660:Jan
521:Goma
421:Luba
355:Muya
353:and
303:Luba
288:and
262:city
186:Area
168:1914
43:city
1528:PMC
1510:doi
1148:"5"
973:207
968:233
963:157
958:140
933:161
928:202
923:133
918:150
614:CDC
268:of
252:or
1914::
1579:^
1561:.
1536:.
1526:.
1518:.
1506:24
1504:.
1500:.
1449:.
1401:.
1389:^
1358:.
1324:^
1314:.
1232:.
1211:^
1169:^
1150:,
1132:^
1036:.
953:32
943:20
938:66
894:20
575:,
361:.
349:,
345:,
341:,
337::
321:.
284:,
1634:e
1627:t
1620:v
1598:.
1573:.
1544:.
1512::
1484:.
1461:.
1416:.
1370:.
1344:.
1300:.
1243:.
1081:.
1048:.
948:9
243:)
239:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
