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they were also taken completely by surprise as they were marching through a narrow mountain pass. The mass of
Ethiopian warriors sallied forth from their hiding places up the slope and swiftly charged down upon the shocked Egyptian columns, nullifying the latter's advantage in firepower and causing many of the unenthusiastic fellahin soldiers to rout. This encounter ended on the 16th in the complete annihilation and routing of the Egyptian expeditionary force led by Colonel Arrendrup and in the death of its commander.
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The
Egyptians under Arakil Bey and Danish Colonel Adolph Ahrendrup invaded from their coastal possessions in Massawa, in what is now Eritrea. Following some skirmishes, the armies of Yohannes and Isma'il met at Gundet on the morning of 14 November 1875. Not only were the Egyptians vastly outnumbered,
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could not leave the matter there, it was absolutely essential to regain the lost prestige. At all costs, his
European creditors had to be impressed, and he set out on mobilizing a larger force for a second expedition that would make amends for the devastating and humiliating loss he had suffered at
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Arrendrup's expedition was hopelessly inadequate for the tasks he set out to do. It amounted to scarcely more than some 2,500 troops and had no cavalry. Its leaders were, apart from the already mentioned Danish artilleryman and Major
Dennison, an American, Major Durholtz, a Swiss, late of the Papal
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army, and Major Rushdi Bey, a Turk. Arakal Bey, the young nephew of Nubar Pasha (the
Christian Armenian Premier of the Khedive) joined the expedition and was killed in battle.
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About 2,000 Egyptians perished with him and his two six gun batteries and six rocket-stands fell into the hands of the enemy.
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Kendie, Daniel (1999). "Egypt and the Hydro-Politics of the Blue Nile River".
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Jesman, Czeslaw (January 1959). "Egyptian
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396:was fought from 14-16 November 1875 between the
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