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The weapons and tactical superiority of the French forces looked to easily beat the
Spanish, who were untrained and poorly armed. Ferrand ignored the real warnings that RamĂrez's forces were not to be underestimated, especially in their deft handling of the knife, and happily prepared to give battle.
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The
General's speech was followed by tense moments of silence and attention. The French advanced and opened fire at about noon. A Gallic horse line pounced left to cut the Spanish forces off. Riders led by Captain Antonio Sosa wasted no time and ran to meet them, forcing the attackers to pull in the
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Lieutenant DĂaz resolved to take on preparatory measures himself on the night of
November 6, before the morning date announced by Governor General Ferrand for French entry into El Seibo. The rain did not stop during the night, with adverse consequences. In the early morning of November 7, it cleared
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campaign. RamĂrez recommended assault with their knives after the first shot was spent, to avoid the response of the best tactical rifle the French used. He ended the speech announcing that he ordered the death penalty, to shoot any retreating
Spanish soldier, even himself. In this way everyone was
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With the displayed waste of their battalions, French
Governor General Ferrand ordered a hasty return to the city of Santo Domingo with a group of surviving officers. They were chased by a squadron commanded by Spanish Colonel Pedro Santana, namesake of the future leader of the Republic. The French
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On
November 6, General RamĂrez and the troops moved up to the strategic position of MagarĂn, well chosen by Lieutenant DĂaz. Here a temporary hut held the few tough firearms and ammunition at their disposal. The site at Palo Hincado savanna was half a league west of the town of El Seibo. General
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That night
General RamĂrez had "a terrible vision of French Governor General Ferrand's emissary", who it was announced that the battle would go overwhelmingly in favor of the French in El Seibo on the 7th. Through Ferrand's envisioned emissary, Ramirez 'replied,' letting him know his forces were
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that had knowledge of war tactics, RamĂrez was entrusted to direct the transfer of weapons and baggage to El Seibo from the port. Then Diaz was in charge of organizing the conflict's meeting site, the enlistment of weapons, and choosing the most advantageous position to wait out the approaching
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to receive the military aid sent from Puerto Rico by
Governor Montes. The war materials had been shipped in a brig and a schooner—and consisted of a gunboat, four rifles with bayonets, a hundred sabers, and corresponding ammunition. In addition, two hundred volunteers arrived, mostly Creole
536:. Very early the troops gathered in front of the Shrine of Our Lady of Altagracia and heard mass. After the ceremony they received the news that Governor Ferrand and the French were very close to El Seibo. General RamĂrez gave the order to march westward to meet the enemy.
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Among many other provisions, José de la Rosa was to ambush thirty riflemen at the rear of the enemy to distract attention after the fire broke out front. De la Rosa was one of those who came to Boca de Yuma on
October 29 from Puerto Rico. The first shock was bloody melee.
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They were backed by the
Spanish Royal Governor of colonial Puerto Rico, General Toribio Montes. RamĂrez sent a letter via a Spanish ship anchored in Samana on September 17 to Governor Montes. On November 28 the Spanish schooner "Monserrate" arrived in Puerto Rico from
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From the eminence above General RamĂrez gave a speech to the troops. He warned that their action would be decisive, since coming to the front of the French enemy with their governor's cream of the forces at his disposal, whose defeat would mean the triumph of the
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General RamĂrez gave the cavalry of his right wing, led by Captain Vicente Mercedes, the order to advance, an operation that was executed very quickly, overwhelming the French enemy. Ten minutes of fighting enough for the field covered with corpses remain.
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At that time, General RamĂrez received the news that Governor General Ferrand was directed towards El Seibo with a respectable force, and determined to master the revolt. The timing was bad for the revolutionaries. He urged taking the French garrison at
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escaped by crossing a torrential river, that the squadron was unable to follow. The French stopped to rest in Glen GuaiquĂa. Meanwhile, it was here the unhappy Governor Ferrand, dominated by depression, took his own life with a pistol shot to the head.
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November 5 dawned on Lieutenant Diaz in El Seibo. Here he continued organizing and incorporating the new volunteers into his Spanish 'makeshift army.' The preparation and distribution of arms and ammunition was also in charge of Lieutenant Diaz.
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was in position at the top of the savanna, in front of the nearly three hundred soldiers carrying rifles. Located in the center of his army, on the eminence above, General RamĂrez distributing orders to his troops. He placed on his right
481:
With this encouragement General RamĂrez redoubled efforts—while French Governor General Ferrand was preparing to quell the impending rebellion. It was easy for RamĂrez take possession of the town of El Seibo on Oct. 26, 1808.
517:. Dashwood agreed to attack the French garrison at Samaná, and informed RamĂrez that he could count on the cooperation of the Commander of Arms for Samaná, Diego de Lira, who had become committed to the
613:
The tactic of Spanish forces was to quickly capture the distance of duel shot in combat. They executed with such alacrity and boldness that they lost only seven, while the French casualties were heavy.
853:
Guillermin, Gilbert; "Journal History of the Spanish revolution of Santo Domingo" (translation C. Armando Rodriguez); Dominican Academy of History; Imp editing PV Lafourcade, Philadelphia, U.S.; 1810.
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forced to realize that it was better to die fighting than by being dishonorably shot. His final exclamation was "long live Fernando VII, a Prince personified in those moments the best Spanish hopes."
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Of those who landed in Boca de Yuma/Port of Higuey from Puerto Rico, the only true military leader among them was Lieutenant Francisco Diaz. He joined the forces of General RamĂrez. As one of the few
636:("La Junta de Bondillo), presided by commander of Santiago de los Caballeros and Cibao troops Capt. Don Diego Polanco, was formed to appoint as acting governor Sanchez Ramirez and to recognize
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prepared to measure their strength against the French. "To the emissary of Napoleon's forces these intentions sounded like a bluff, and the envisioned Ferrand could not help but smile."
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Delafosse, Lemonier; "Second Campaign of Santo Domingo — Dominican-French War of 1808" (translation of C. Armando Rodriguez); Editorial El Diario, Santiago (DR); 1946.
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Troncoso Sanchez, Pedro; "The drama of the national idea in Santo Domingo and its relationship with Puerto Rico"; Academy of Sciences of the Dominican Republic. 1977.
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forces could fail. RamĂrez took note of the presence of allied British warships off the Santo Domingo coastline, and dispatched a messenger to
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Among the Spanish who died were the two cavalry units leaders, Cpt. Antonio Sosa and Cpt. Vicente Mercedes. They are both buried in El Seibo.
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was the commander of Santiago de los Caballeros and the Cibao/North region. The "Milicias Españolas" (Spanish Army) was under the command of
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On the morning of November 3, Lieutenant Diaz began organizing and distributing arms and ammunition to his forces at the Port of Higuey in
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585:, and his left Pedro Vásquez. Miguel Febles served as adjutant. The "Milicias Españolas" (Spanish Army) was under the command of Capt
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With their positions quickly forming, twenty nine soldiers, including General RamĂrez, reached the port at the mouth of the river at
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emigrants. The brig, named "Frederick", and the schooner, named "Render", then left the Port of Higuey to return to Puerto Rico.
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ready "to fight with fury and rage Napoleon's infesting the 'Prime of the Indies' for the infamy of the Spanish Crown."
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The Battle of Palo Hincado concluded on November 7, 1808—with a Spanish victory over the Napoleonic French.
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Sánchez RamĂrez, Juan; " Journal of the Reconquista"; Editor Montalvo, Santo Domingo (R.D.); 1957.
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Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015
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in the colony of Santo Domingo. A force of 1,800 pro-Spanish Dominican troops, led by General
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Bosch, Juan; " Temas Historicos", Editor Alfa & Omega, Santo Domingo (R:D); 1991. Pag. 24
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with the news that the supply aid requested by RamĂrez would soon reach Montes.
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In 1808, General RamĂrez was the commander in the east of Hispaniola, while
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ammunition and bayonets, for the foot and horsemen troops. They were all
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for making a stronghold, because without the possession of this port the
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The battle was fought on November 7, 1808, at Palo Hincado savanna, near
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enemy. After a study of the whole area, Diaz chose the site of MagarĂn.
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however. General RamĂrez and Lieutenant DĂaz provided guns with dry
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Stands for "Kneeling Stick") was the first major battle of the
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reached Palo Hincado between nine and ten o'clock. Lieutenant
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874:(4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
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1808 battle of the Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
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RamĂrez issued orders to wait for the enemy advance.
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St Lucia • Tobago • Demerara • Essequibo and Berbice
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901:Battles of the Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
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282:Caribbean campaign of 1803–1810
59:November 7, 1808; 215 years ago
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816:PicĂł, Fernando (2012).
74:Colony of Santo Domingo
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552:Battle of Palo Hincado
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175:Casualties and losses
936:November 1808 events
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656:in 1691."
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362:Martinique
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624:Aftermath
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