1057:, an international publication, found that 62% of people who have had piercings have done so in an effort "to express their individuality." People also pierce to commemorate landmark events or to overcome traumatic ones. According to the assistant director of the Frankfurt University Teaching Hospital for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, some sexual abuse survivors choose body piercing as a means of "reclaiming body parts from memories of abuse". Piercing can also be chosen for simple aesthetic value, to highlight particular areas of the body, as a navel piercing may reflect a woman's satisfaction with the shape and condition of her stomach. Some people pierce, permanently or temporarily, to enhance sexual pleasure. Genital and nipple piercings may increase sexual satisfaction. Some people participate in a form of body play known as
756:
1694:
areas must, as it is prescribed by law). Quite frequently, these gloves will be changed multiple times, often one pair for each step of setup to avoid cross contamination. For example, after a piercer wearing gloves has cleaned the area to be pierced on a client, the piercer may change gloves to avoid recontaminating the area. Wearing sterile gloves is required by law for professional piercing procedures in some areas, such as the states of
Florida and South Carolina. Tools and jewellery should be sterilized in autoclaves, and non-autoclavable surfaces should be cleaned with disinfectant agents on a regular basis and between clients.
1135:. Prince Albert (PA) piercing may be done for different reasons. Some men go for it for aesthetic reasons, whereas some may try it as an adventure. Men with PA piercing report an increased sense of sexual gratification. This piercing works by stimulating the urethral area (the passage through which urine and semen pass) during sex. The jewelry may provide greater sexual pleasure while masturbating or during oral, anal, or vaginal sex. PA piercing also increases the sexual pleasure of the partner. It can stimulate the nerves in the mouth and genital areas of the partner during sex.
949:
1463:, or clamps, may be used to hold and stabilize the tissue to be pierced. Most piercings that are stabilized with forceps use the triangular-headed "Pennington" forcep, while tongues are usually stabilized with an oval-headed forcep. Most forceps have large enough openings in their jaws to permit the needle and jewellery to pass directly through, though some slotted forceps are designed with a removable segment instead for removal after the piercing. Forceps are not used in the freehand method, in which the piercer supports the tissue by hand.
1544:
1092:
249:
1498:
1256:
1424:), a hollow plastic tube placed at the end of the needle. In some countries, the piercing needle favoured in the United States is regarded as a medical device and is illegal for body piercers. The procedure is similar to the piercing needle method, but the initial jewellery is inserted into the back of the cannula and the cannula and the jewellery are then pulled through the piercing. More bleeding may follow, as the piercing is larger than the jewellery.
1524:
444:
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5806:
989:
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the nose and ear (other than lobe) following at 19% and 13%. The tongue and nipple tied at 9%. The eyebrow, lip and genitals were 8%, 4% and 2%, respectively. Preference among women followed closely on that ranking, though eyebrow piercings were more common than nipple piercings. Among male responders, the order was significantly different, descending in popularity from nipple, eyebrow, ear, tongue, nose, lip and genitals.
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335:
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40:
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or dermal piercing, which combines piercing and implantation to create a single point of opening in the body (whereas pocketing creates two) to permit one end of the jewellery to show above the surface of the skin. While this technique can be performed almost anywhere on the body, as of 2007 it was popularly done between the eyes, on the chest, or on the finger, to simulate a ring.
547:
89:). Although the history of body piercing is obscured by popular misinformation and by a lack of scholarly reference, ample evidence exists to document that it has been practiced in various forms by both sexes since ancient times throughout the world. Body piercing can be performed on people of all ages, although most minors are only permitted to have earlobe piercings.
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1080:. During the Crow ceremony, men who wished to obtain visions were pierced in the shoulders or chest by men who had undergone the ceremony in the past and then suspended by these piercings from poles in or outside of the Sun Dance Lodge. Some contemporary Southeast Asian rituals also practice body piercing, as a form of spiritual
207:, who have been hampered in studying body piercing by a scarcity of primary sources. Early records rarely discussed the use of piercings or their meaning, and while jewellery is common among grave goods, the deterioration of the flesh that it once adorned makes it difficult to discern how the jewellery may have been used.
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prohibits piercing private areas of minors, including genitals and nipples, on penalty of fine and imprisonment for the piercer. Many states in the U.S. also require parental consent to pierce minors, with some also requiring the physical presence of the parents during the act. The state of Idaho has
965:
can form around the end or ends of the jewellery or the implanted tube into which the jewellery is placed. When a bar is used, pocketing looks quite similar to flesh stapling. The latter technique is frequently done in the form of a ladder. Modern body piercing practices also include dermal anchoring
851:
practitioners in the United States, Canada, Australia and Europe. Wearing the handkerchief on the left indicates the top, dominant, or active partner; right the bottom, submissive, or passive partner. However, negotiation with a prospective partner remains important because, as
Townsend noted, people
1108:
Bridging the gap between self-expressive piercing and spiritual piercing, modern indigenous people may use piercing and other forms of body modification as a way of ritually reconnecting with themselves and society, which according to
Musafar once used piercing as a culturally binding ritual. But at
1025:
A 2005 survey of 10,503 people in
England over the age of 16 found that approximately 10% (1,049) had body piercings in sites other than the earlobe, with a heavy representation of women aged 16–24 (46.2% piercing in that demographic). Among the most common body sites, the navel was top at 33%, with
148:
The reasons for piercing or not piercing are varied. Some people pierce for religious or spiritual reasons, while others pierce for self-expression, for aesthetic value, for sexual pleasure, to conform to their culture or to rebel against it. Some forms of piercing remain controversial, particularly
1469:
A hollow tube made of metal, shatter-resistant glass or plastic, needle receiving tubes, like forceps, are used to support the tissue at the piercing site and are common in septum and some cartilage piercings. Not only are these tubes intended to support the tissue, but they also receive the needle
1409:
piercings) as the initial jewellery to be worn, with higher gauges indicating thinner needles. The needle is inserted into the body part being pierced, frequently by hand but sometimes with the aid of a needle holder or pusher. While the needle is still in the body, the initial jewellery to be worn
1404:
The standard method in the United States involves making an opening using a beveled-tip hollow medical needle, which is available in different lengths, gauges and even shapes. While straight needles are useful for many body parts, curved needles are manufactured for areas where straight needles are
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were not permitted to display piercings at all. However, also in 2006, amid a series of employment discrimination cases in the United States, it became clear that the legality of these dress codes depended upon broader social acceptance of body piercing. As early as 2011, some management literature
172:
and unanticipated physical injuries, but such precautions as sanitary piercing procedures and careful aftercare are emphasized to minimize the likelihood of encountering serious problems. The healing time required for a body piercing may vary widely according to placement, from as little as a month
746:
Nipple piercing may have been a sign of masculinity for the soldiers of Rome. Nipple piercing has also been connected to rites of passage for both
British and American sailors who had traveled beyond a significant latitude and longitude. It is widely reported that in the 1890s, nipple rings called
384:
In Europe, earrings for women fell from fashion generally between the 4th and 16th centuries, as styles in clothing and hair tended to obscure the ears, but they gradually thereafter came back into vogue in Italy, Spain, England and France—spreading as well to North
America—until after World War I
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set the World Record for most body piercings in one session (700 piercings with 18g surgical needles in 1 session of 7 hours, using play piercing where the skin is pierced and sometimes jewellery is inserted, which is worn temporarily). In
December of the same year, Moffat had 900 piercings in 4½
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Contemporary body piercing studios generally take numerous precautions to protect the health of the person being pierced and the piercer. Piercers are expected to sanitize the location to be pierced as well as their hands, even though they will often wear gloves during the procedure (and in some
1202:
acknowledged that workplace prohibitions on body modification could negatively impact human resources development; one author compared the practice to older prohibitions on long hair. As of 2020, employment discrimination based on personal appearance including body piercings may be illegal in
597:
Mesoamerica and South
America as well as among some of the tribes of the Pacific Northwest and Africa. In some parts of Malawi, it was quite common for women to adorn their lips with a lip disc called a "pelele" that by means of gradual enlargement from childhood could reach several inches of
1688:
tissue and dental fracture and wear. Recession of gingival tissue affects 19% to 68% of subjects with lip and/or intra-oral ornaments. In some cases, the alveolar tooth-bearing bone is also involved, jeopardizing the stability and durability of the teeth in place and requiring a periodontal
825:
on 17 November 1978. The establishment of this business – considered the first of its type in the United States – was the beginning of the body piercing industry. As word of body piercing spread to the wider community, Ward began to publish the first publication dedicated to the subject,
912:
Body modification in general became more popular in the United States in the 1990s, as piercing also became more widespread, with growing availability and access to piercings of the navel, nose, eyebrows, lips, tongue, nipples, and genitals. In 1993, a navel piercing was depicted in
256:
Ear piercing has been practiced all over the world since ancient times, and there is considerable written and archaeological evidence of the practice. Mummified bodies with pierced ears have been discovered, including the oldest mummified body discovered to date, the 5,300-year-old
1554:
Body piercing is an invasive procedure with risks. In a 2005 survey of 10,503 persons over the age of 16 in
England, complications were reported in 31% of piercings, with professional help being necessary in 15.2%. 0.9% had complications serious enough to require hospitalization.
874:
over a 10-year period, including acts of body piercing. The courts declared that decorative body piercing was not illegal, but that erotic body piercing was. Subsequently, the group
Countdown on Spanner formed in 1992 in protest. The group appealed the decision before the
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The aftercare process for body piercing has evolved gradually through practice, and many myths and harmful recommendations persist. A reputable piercing studio should provide clients with written and verbal aftercare instructions, as is in some areas mandated by law.
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and delay healing. The risks can be minimized by wearing properly sized jewellery and not changing it unnecessarily, by not touching the piercing more than required for aftercare, and by being conscious of environmental factors (such as clothing) that may impact the
1221:
has taken an official position against most piercings unless for medical reasons, although they accept piercings for women as long as there is only one set of piercings in the lower lobe of the ears and no other place on the body. Wearing of very large nose rings on
1274:
for most permanent piercings, first setting this record in 2000 upon verification by Guinness judges of 462 body piercings, with 192 at the time being around her head and face. As of 8 June 2006, her Guinness-certified piercings numbered 4,225. In February 2009,
897:
429:, a superstitious belief that piercing one ear improved long-distance vision led to the practice among sailors and explorers. Sailors also pierced their ears in the belief that their earrings could pay for a Christian burial if their bodies washed up on shore.
956:
Alongside traditional piercing techniques, modern body adornment includes variant techniques such as pocketing and flesh stapling, although as of 2007 these were still not widely made available by piercers. In the first of these, a scalpel opens the skin or
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healing in as little as a month, though some may take longer. Navel piercings can be the slowest to heal, with one source reporting a range of six months to two full years. The prolonged healing of navel piercings may be connected to clothing friction.
1599:
Reports at the 16th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases in 2006 indicated that bacterial infections are seldom serious, but that ten to twenty percent of piercings result in local benign bacterial infection. The
682:, Malloy claimed navel piercing was popular among ancient Egyptian aristocrats and was depicted in Egyptian statuary, a claim that is widely repeated. Other sources say there are no records to support a historical practice for navel piercing.
1430:
A dermal punch is used to remove a circular area of tissue, into which jewellery is placed, and may be useful for larger cartilage piercings. They are popular for use in ears, though not legal for use by nonmedical personnel in some
1772:, which is a sign of inflammation or infection, should be expected, and only within the initial phase. While sometimes difficult to distinguish, sebum is "more solid and cheeselike and has a distinctive rotten odour", according to
1373:
Permanent body piercings are performed by creating an opening in the body using a sharp object through the area to be pierced. This can either be done by puncturing an opening using a needle (usually a hollow medical needle) or
1566:. This risk can be minimized by using high quality jewellery manufactured from titanium or niobium or similar inert metals. Metal piercing jewellery puts metal in contact with damaged skin, increasing the risk of developing a
619:
and Mayan cultures as a ritual symbol. Wall paintings highlight a ritual of the Mayans during which nobility would pierce their tongues with thorns. The blood would be collected on bark, which would be burned in honor of the
2483:, p. 95) "In the late 1890s the "bosom ring" came into fashion briefly and sold in expensive Parisian jewellery shops. These anneaux de sein were inserted through the nipple, and some women wore one on either side."
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149:
when applied to youth. The display or placement of piercings have been restricted by schools, employers and religious groups. In spite of the controversy, some people have practiced extreme forms of body piercing, with
1153:
permission for minors to receive body piercings. Scotland requires parental consent for youths below 16, while in 2011 Wales began considering a similar law. In addition to imposing parental consent requirements,
1360:
AWG gauging system is used, which assigns lower numbers to thicker middles. 00 gauge is 9.246 millimetres (0.3640 in), while 20 gauge is 0.813 millimetres (0.0320 in). For discussion of gauges, see:
1410:
in the piercing is pushed through the opening, following the back of the needle. Jewellery is often inserted into the hollow end of a needle, so that as the needle pulls through the jewellery is left behind.
81:, refer to the resulting decoration, or to the decorative jewelry used. Piercing implants alter the body and/or skin profile and appearance (e.g. golden threads installed subdermal, platinum, titanium or
893:
editorializing the court's decision as "illiberal nonsense" in 1993. In 1996 Countdown on Spanner received the Large Nonprofit Organization of the Year award as part of the Pantheon of Leather Awards.
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The practice of body piercing is subject to trends and fashions. Belly button and eyebrow piercings were popular during the 1990s when the piercing trend entered the mainstream. In 2015, the
843:(the 1983 second edition; the 1972 first edition did not include this list) which is generally considered authoritative states that a purple handkerchief is a symbol for body piercing in the
925:, it was this consumer drive that "essentially inspired the creation of body-piercing as a full-fledged industry." Body piercing was given another media-related boost in 2004, when during a
887:, attempting to overturn the verdict which ruled consent immaterial in acts of sadomasochism, without success. In spite of their repeated failures, the situation publicized the issue, with
111:, attesting to the existence of the practice more than 5,000 years ago. Nose piercing is documented as far back as 1500 BCE. Piercings of these types have been documented globally, while
775:
By the early part of the 20th century, piercing of any body part other than the ear lobe had become uncommon in the West. After World War II, it began increasing in popularity among the
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were primarily the preferred fashion in the 1920s; however, the physical piercing of lobes began growing in popularity from the 1960s. In the 1970s, piercing began to expand, as the
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is the chastity belt of the vagina that they would make for their daughters. They would pierce the walls of the vagina like they would pierce the ears. They would insert it
4405:
De Cuyper, Christa; PĂ©rez-Cotopos, Maria Luisa; Cossio, Laura (2010). "Piercings: Techniques and Complications". In De Cuyper, Christa; PĂ©rez-Cotopos, Maria Luisa (eds.).
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such as this one are standard equipment in professional piercing studios, helping to prevent infection. This type uses a vacuum pump to remove air from the chamber before
369:
of Egypt (1550–1292 BCE), generally taking the form of a dangling, gold hoop. Gem-studded, golden earrings shaped like asps seem to have been reserved for nobility. The
1353:
in piercings of any age. An additional risk for allergic reaction may arise when the stud or clasp of jewellery is made from a different metal than the primary piece.
747:"bosom rings" resurfaced as a fashion statement among women of the West, who would wear them on one or both sides, but if such a trend existed, it was short-lived.
1282:
3145:
1297:, who had 1,015 temporary metal rings inserted in 7 hours and 55 minutes. The record for most body piercings with surgical needles was set on 29 May 2008, when
1440:
The vast majority of women in the West have their ears pierced with a piercing gun. The safety of piercing guns has been disputed. The Department of Health of
3067:
469:, the Vedas refer to Lakshmi's nose piercings, but modern practice in India is believed to have spread from the Middle Eastern nomadic tribes by route of the
1742:, during which the body produces cells and protein to heal the puncture and the edges contract around the piercing, forming a tunnel of scar tissue called a
1640:, although as of 2009 there had been no documented cases of HIV caused by piercing. While rare, infection due to piercing of the tongue can be fatal. Higher
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164:, frequently utilizing specialized tools developed for the purpose. Body piercing is an invasive procedure with some risks, including allergic reaction,
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once it has passed through the tissue, offering protection from the sharp point. Needle receiving tubes are not used in the freehand piercing method.
961:, into which the larger end of a piece of jewellery or—if using a bar—two ends are inserted. These kinds of piercings may be difficult to remove, as
783:
516:
and the tribes of New Guinea, who adorned their pierced noses with bones and feathers to symbolize wealth and (among men) virility. The name of the
477:
women of childbearing age to wear a nose stud, usually in the left nostril, due to the nostril's association with the female reproductive organs in
608:
In some Pre-Columbian and North American cultures, labrets were seen as a status symbol. They were the oldest form of high status symbol among the
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for a full month for violating school policy by wearing eyebrow, nose, labret and tongue piercings to school. His mother subsequently decided to
5231:
Antiques Roadshow Collectibles: the Complete Guide to Collecting 20th-century Toys, Glassware, Costume Jewelry, Memorabilia, Ceramics & More
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the same time that piercing can be culturally binding, it may also be a means of rebellion, particularly for adolescents in Western cultures.
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has been particularly misrepresented by printed works continuing to repeat myths that were originally promulgated by Malloy in the pamphlet
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of Panama. Nose piercing also remains popular in Pakistan and Bangladesh and is practiced in a number of Middle Eastern and Arab countries.
942:
2650:
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of America, earrings were a sign of nobility and wealth, as the placement of each earring on a child had to be purchased at an expensive
234:
attached their capes to nipple piercings. Some of Malloy's myths were reprinted as fact in subsequently published histories of piercing.
5521:
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1132:
401:" and "gentlemen of courage." Evidently originating in Spain, the practice of ear piercing among European men spread to the court of
173:
for some genital piercings to as much as two full years for the navel. Some piercings may be more complicated, leading to rejection.
941:" that left exposed Jackson's pierced nipple. Some professional body piercers reported considerable increases in business following
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1448:
recommends that piercing guns not be used for any piercing, requiring members to agree not to use piercing guns in their practice.
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diameter and would eventually alter the occlusion of the jaw. Such lip stretching is still practiced in some places. Women of the
5843:
1483:
or injected. In some other places, piercers and other non-medical personnel are not legally permitted to administer anaesthetics.
77:
can refer to the act or practice of body piercing, or to an opening in the body created by this act or practice. It can also, by
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685:
However, records do exist that refer to practices of nipple and genital piercing in various cultures prior to the 20th century.
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While body piercing has grown more widespread, it remains controversial. Some countries impose age of consent laws requiring
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1029:
A cross-cultural study published in 2011 found that individuals with piercings were likely to be involved in other forms of
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5546:
1698:
1445:
145:, with sites other than the ears gaining subcultural popularity in the 1970s and spreading to the mainstream in the 1990s.
315:
15:12–17 dictates ear piercing for a slave who chooses not to be freed. Earrings are also referenced in connection to the
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may wear hankies of any color "only because the idea of the hankie turns them on" or "may not even know what it means".
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4219:
4199:
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of Ancient India, describes genital piercing to permit sexual enhancement by inserting pins and other objects into the
5717:
Zadik, Yehuda; Burnstein, Saar; Derazne, Estella; Sandler, Vadim; Ianculovici, Clariel; Halperin, Tamar (March 2010).
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214:. In the 1960s and 1970s, Malloy marketed contemporary body piercing by giving it the patina of history. His pamphlet
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Body piercing jewellery is measured by thickness and diameter/length. Most countries use millimeters. In the US, the
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The amount of time it typically takes a piercing to heal varies widely according to the placement of the piercing.
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regeneration surgery. Dental fracture and wear affects 14% to 41% of subjects with lip and/or intra-oral ornaments.
3334:
Elzweig, Brian; Peeples, Donna K. (2011). "Tattoos and piercings: Issues of body modification and the workplace".
1217:
19:28, have been interpreted as prohibiting body modification because the body is held to be the property of God.
818:
565:
were historically found in certain tribal cultures in Africa and the Americas. Pierced adornments of the lip, or
3649:
1061:, in which piercings may be done temporarily on the genitals or elsewhere on the body for sexual gratification.
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1831:
1065:
3184:
5698:
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605:
tribe in the Nile Valley wear lip rings on occasion that may reach 15 centimetres (5.9 in) in diameter.
137:
to 550 CE. The history of navel piercing is less clear. The practice of body piercing has waxed and waned in
2397:, p. 151) "Navel piercing. Unlike the other body piercings, this one has not been recorded in history."
1970:
520:
was derived from the practice, though nose piercing was not common within the tribe. The Aztecs, Mayans and
5485:
3119:
1533:
1511:
17:
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1752:, as the cells lining the piercing strengthen and stabilize. This stage takes months or years to complete.
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shown above are commonly found in professional piercing studios, that use pulsing steam under pressure to
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3042:
1301:
allowed 900 18-gauge, 0.5 centimetres (0.20 in)-long surgical needles to be inserted into his body.
366:
7426:
5876:
4860:"It's official, the nipple piercing is the new 'it' piercing - just ask Kendall Jenner and Bella Hadid"
1081:
1019:
803:
562:
51:
4771:
Levin, Liran (June 2007). "Alveolar Bone Loss and Gingival Recession Due to Lip and Tongue Piercing".
809:
Body piercing was also heavily popularized in the United States by a group of Californians, including
385:
when piercing fell from favor and the newly invented Clip-on earring became fashionable. According to
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4256:
4157:
3151:. Government of Western Australia, Department for Child Protection and Family Support. Archived from
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31:
1948:
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is supplied by some piercers, particularly in the United Kingdom and Europe. The anaesthesia may be
6696:
6518:
6223:
6190:
6119:
5324:
Smith, R. J. (2002). "The Many Faces of Korla Pandit". In Lethem, Jonathan; Bresnick, Paul (eds.).
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A Bride Without a Blessing: a Study in the Redaction and Content of Massekhet Kallah and its Gemara
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1736:, during which the wound is open and bleeding, inflammation and tenderness are all to be expected;
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are commonly used metals, with titanium the least likely to cause allergic reaction of the three.
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piercing served as a mechanism of both accelerated camaraderie and political communication, while
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of the Nile Valley wore rings. The practice of stretching the lips by piercing them and inserting
65:, is the practice of puncturing or cutting a part of the human body, creating an opening in which
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6420:
6396:
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5906:
5896:
5719:"Colonization of Candida: prevalence among tongue-pierced and non-pierced immunocompetent adults"
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Religion and American Cultures: an Encyclopedia of Traditions, Diversity, and Popular Expressions
1959:
1435:
1349:
is not a good alternative in a piercing, as it may cause allergies in initial piercings and will
1341:
are also safe alternatives, even in fresh piercings. Initial piercings should never be done with
1314:
814:
679:
265:
in Italy. The mummy had an ear piercing 7–11 mm (0.28–0.43 in) in diameter. The oldest
161:
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Da Capo Best Music Writing 2002: The Year's Finest Writing on Rock, Pop, Jazz, Country, and More
5120:. Kansas City Anti-Violence Project. 24 December 2007. Archived from the original on 6 June 2010
210:
The modern record has been also distorted by the 20th-century inventions of piercing enthusiast
115:
were historically found in African cultures and many more but is actually from the Middle East.
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does not recommend their use for piercing body parts other than the lobes of ears, and the US
508:. Many Native American and Alaskan tribes practiced septum piercing. It was popular among the
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6349:
6109:
5133:
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Levin, Liran; Zadik, Yehuda (October 2007). "Oral Piercing: Complications and Side Effects".
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Cork may be placed on the opposite side of the body part being pierced to receive the needle.
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1171:
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are both piercings that gained increased popularity in the second decade of the 21st century.
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764:
4898:
4406:
3786:
Riedel, F; Aparicio-Soto, M; Curato, C; Thierse, HJ; Siewert, K; Luch, A (15 October 2021).
1209:
Body piercing in some religions is held to be destructive to the body. Some passages of the
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6334:
3146:"Written consent form for body piercing of a child under 18 years of age in the CEO's care"
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1175:
938:
422:
123:
have also been practiced by various cultures, with nipple piercing dating back at least to
99:
have been particularly widespread and are well represented in historical records and among
409:
England, where earrings (typically worn in one ear only) were sported by such notables as
8:
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in order to diminish the appearance of his large penis in tight trousers, and that Roman
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3788:"Immunological Mechanisms of Metal Allergies and the Nickel-Specific TCR-pMHC Interface"
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not ideal. The needle selected is typically the same gauge (or sometimes larger as with
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4484:
4434:
4294:
3814:
3787:
1801:
1628:
lost a breast due to an infection from a nipple piercing. Viral infections may include
1480:
1362:
948:
930:
905:
799:
478:
418:
281:
86:
70:
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1197:
limited piercings to two per ear and jewelry to small, matched earrings. Employees of
1182:
him. As of 2022, the school district has maintained its policy against body piercing.
1170:
that featured tattoos and body piercings of teachers and students. That same year, in
921:", which inspired a plethora of young female fans to follow suit. According to 2009's
258:
157:
on individuals with hundreds and even thousands of permanent and temporary piercings.
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6271:
6251:
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5949:
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5236:
5229:
5213:
5194:
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5152:
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5012:
4988:
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4740:
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as a home business in November 1975 and then as a commercial storefront operation in
734:
594:
524:
wore gold septum rings for adornment, with the practice continued to this day by the
394:
358:
62:
855:
A significant development in body piercing in England occurred in 1987, when during
6825:
6654:
6608:
6528:
6329:
6155:
6053:
6048:
6007:
5944:
5939:
5891:
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1816:
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712:
671:
657:
574:
347:
203:
Body adornment has only recently become a subject of serious scholarly research by
120:
5812:
4474:
Duff, Anna (5 October 2015). "There's a New 'It' Piercing that Celebrities Love".
4409:
Dermatologic Complications with Body Art: Tattoos, Piercings and Permanent Make-Up
1321:. A number of materials are used, with varying strengths and weaknesses. Surgical
6920:
6855:
6666:
6639:
6324:
6319:
6309:
6203:
6175:
6140:
6114:
6088:
6082:
6073:
6022:
6017:
6012:
5954:
5924:
5299:
5089:
4643:
4570:"It's Official: Septum Rings Are Trending With Fashion Week's Street Style Crowd"
4235:
3678:
1811:
1764:
produce an oily substance meant to protect and moisturize the wound. While these
1761:
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1653:
1543:
1346:
1322:
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918:
901:
787:
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663:
649:
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551:
541:
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393:, earrings were even more common among men of the 16th century than women, while
288:
138:
116:
47:
43:
4285:
3247:
7273:
7217:
7205:
7134:
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6165:
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formation. While piercings can be removed, they may leave a hole, mark or scar.
1621:
1582:
1514:
1393:
1318:
1030:
880:
836:
822:
667:
653:
570:
370:
354:
300:
6493:
5560:
Native Life in East Africa: the Results of an Ethnological Research Expedition
4504:
1497:
612:
women, though the practice of wearing them died out due to Western influence.
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including tearing, friction or bumping of the piercing site, which may cause
1588:
1567:
1179:
1058:
934:
871:
795:
776:
719:), there may be mention of a genital piercing in the prohibition against the
525:
513:
497:
438:
390:
248:
204:
128:
96:
82:
4270:"Body Piercing in England: a Survey of Piercing at Sites Other than Earlobe"
3804:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7315:
7268:
7098:
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6830:
6711:
6671:
6563:
6150:
6063:
6038:
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4992:
4838:
4805:
4784:
4744:
4522:
4303:
4231:
4173:
3823:
1645:
1285:, who had 230 permanent piercings, with 175 rings adorning his face alone.
1046:
1018:
were considered highly fashionable. Additionally, the practice of ear lobe
860:
768:
711:
for the opposite reason, to diminish their sexual activity. In the Talmud (
700:
692:
609:
602:
582:
578:
554:
537:
451:
339:
219:
142:
124:
92:
5436:
Modern Primitives: an Investigation of Contemporary Adornment & Ritual
3183:. National Conference of State Legislatures. 13 March 2019. Archived from
1166:, when a local high school featured a spread on "Body Decorations" in its
1131:
Certain piercings are done to enhance sexual pleasure. One example is the
7321:
7310:
7200:
7039:
6989:
6984:
6900:
6742:
6618:
6568:
6443:
6438:
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1601:
1594:
1379:
1077:
810:
708:
637:
501:
426:
414:
312:
308:
211:
100:
5072:
Southeast Asia: a Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor
1255:
7144:
7089:
6964:
6877:
6835:
6737:
6686:
6623:
6598:
6473:
5959:
5414:
4880:
The Sociology of Religion: A Substantive and Transdisciplinary Approach
4337:
4268:
Bone, Angie; Fortune Ncube; Tom Nichols; Norman D Noah (21 June 2008).
4257:"A Pro Piercer Answers All The Questions You're Way Too Nervous To Ask"
3315:
Fox, Michael W (June 2006). "The changing face of discrimination law".
1641:
1613:
1562:
Allergic reaction to the metal in the piercing jewellery, particularly
1476:
1244:
1190:
791:
779:
687:
621:
296:
6845:
5676:"Periodontal Attachment Loss Due to Applying Force by Tongue Piercing"
2651:"Pantheon of Leather Awards All Time Recipients - The Leather Journal"
1717:
481:. This piercing is sometimes done the night before the woman marries.
443:
295:
buries the earrings worn by members of his household along with their
7290:
7283:
7154:
7149:
7129:
7054:
6979:
6973:
6954:
6850:
6791:
6706:
6603:
6538:
6513:
6503:
6433:
6412:
6294:
6289:
6067:
5886:
5319:. Connoisseur's library. Vol. 16 (2nd ed.). Methuen and co.
1702:
1633:
1629:
1529:
1523:
1507:
1406:
1338:
1214:
1194:
1073:
889:
590:
231:
186:
165:
66:
4623:
Hastings, James (2003). "Nose-ornaments". In Selbie, John A. (ed.).
3181:"Tattooing and Body Piercing | State Laws, Statutes and Regulations"
1570:; this is thought to be why such allergies are more common in women.
802:, which incorporated piercing elements from other cultures, such as
7358:
7332:
7258:
7185:
7124:
7114:
7109:
7069:
7009:
6999:
6959:
6941:
6930:
6925:
6840:
6796:
6681:
6676:
6613:
6553:
6543:
6508:
6483:
6458:
6453:
5762:"In the Flesh: Body Piercing as a Form of Commodity-Based Identity"
5396:
5104:
4200:"Dr. Manny's Health Beat: Do's & Don'ts for Safe Body Piercing"
1765:
1729:
The healing process of piercings is broken down into three stages:
1617:
1574:
1421:
1334:
1330:
1281:
reported that she had 6,005. The "Most Pierced Man" as of 2009 was
1167:
1150:
1101:
962:
696:
625:
398:
378:
362:
266:
243:
150:
78:
5590:"The unexpected rise of 2016's biggest trend: the nipple piercing"
4218:
3003:
1712:
7353:
7263:
7175:
7084:
7049:
7034:
7019:
7004:
6994:
6867:
6801:
6752:
6691:
6548:
6523:
6488:
5974:
5525:
4648:. Handicrafts Through World History. Greenwood Publishing Group.
3792:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
1757:
1743:
1685:
1625:
1460:
1417:
1388:
1375:
1350:
1326:
1224:
1144:
988:
979:
847:, which is employed usually among gay male casual-sex seekers or
790:
movement embraced it, featuring nontraditional adornment such as
493:
489:
455:
374:
334:
320:
284:
262:
190:
108:
5821:
5208:
Porterfield, Amanda (2003). Gary Laderman; Luis D. Leon (eds.).
4224:
Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History
3785:
1049:
man in a religious procession with a trident piercing his cheeks
737:
for women. Other interpreters have, however, suggested that the
7253:
7159:
7119:
7094:
7029:
7014:
6910:
6895:
6890:
6806:
6757:
6747:
6463:
6428:
6058:
4387:"This Celebrity-Beloved Jeweler is Opening up a Dubai Boutique"
3648:. Department of Health, Western Australia. 2006. Archived from
1768:
deposits may be expected for some time, only a small amount of
1664:
1608:, who have a much higher chance of developing life-threatening
1563:
1504:
1229:
1203:
1085:
1068:
was historically important in the religious ceremonies of some
726:
704:
566:
331:
region between Russia and China dated between 400 and 300 BCE.
160:
Contemporary body piercing practices emphasize the use of safe
5621:"Why is the Prince Albert Piercing Named after Prince Albert?"
4938:"Ear stretching: Why is lobe 'gauging' growing in popularity?"
4237:
The Piercing Bible: The Definitive Guide to Safe Body Piercing
3363:"Tackling discrimination based on looks: guidance from France"
1604:
estimates 30%. Risk of infection is greatest among those with
7232:
7222:
7212:
7195:
7190:
7180:
7139:
6969:
6949:
6885:
6817:
6558:
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1378:
or by removing tissue, either with a dermal punch or through
1240:
1210:
730:
629:
616:
521:
509:
474:
447:
343:
324:
316:
304:
292:
278:
270:
269:
found in a grave date to 2500 BCE. These were located in the
104:
6381:
5347:"Why Septum Piercings Are Trending (And There's No Age Cap)"
4605:
Tattooing and Body Piercing: Perspectives on Physical Health
4404:
2741:
1041:
7104:
7079:
7074:
7024:
6786:
5457:
The Haida Indians: Cultural Change Mainly between 1876–1970
5047:"A Nose for Fashion. Septum Piercings are the Latest Trend"
4711:"Body Piercing: Medical Concerns with Cutting-Edge Fashion"
1746:. This phase may last weeks, months, or longer than a year.
1342:
896:
859:, a group of homosexuals—including well known body piercer
848:
828:
633:
586:
328:
181:
169:
39:
5151:. Lonely Planet guidebooks (3rd ed.). Lonely Planet.
4813:
Levin, Liran; Zadik, Yehuda; Becker, Tal (December 2005).
1656:, in comparison to non-tongue-pierced matched individuals.
4667:
Anatomy and Destiny: a Cultural History of the Human Body
1769:
1637:
1193:
can also strictly limit piercing displays. At that time,
546:
327:. Earrings for pierced ears were found in a grave in the
141:, but it has experienced an increase in popularity since
5170:
In the Flesh: the Cultural Politics of Body Modification
1783:
can be among the quicker to heal, with piercings of the
1084:. Generally, the subject attempts to enter an analgesic
373:
wore paste pendant earrings shaped like sacred birds or
5100:"Parents 'should approve skin piercings for under-16s'"
1550:
that developed on the lip seven weeks after piercing it
1309:
817:. Ward (inspired by and with money from Malloy) opened
274:
5025:
4815:"Oral and Dental Complications of Intra-oral Piercing"
4694:. First Americans – Group 3. Marshall Cavendish.
3677:. Association of Professional Piercers. Archived from
3491:
3120:"Children and Community Services Act 2004 - Sect 104A"
1487:
1345:
of any grade, as gold is mixed with other metals, and
743:
was rather a pendant shaped like a vulva or a girdle.
425:. Common men wore earrings as well. From the European
5366:"Tattoo, Piercing and Breast Implantation Infections"
4178:
Engendering Judaism: an inclusive theology and ethics
1293:
hours. On 4 March 2006, the record was overturned by
643:
492:
a nose ring. Nose piercing has been practiced by the
473:
in the 16th century. It remains customary for Indian
5866:
5315:
Smith, Harold Clifford (1908). Davenport, C. (ed.).
4267:
2883:
1053:
Reasons for piercing vary greatly. A 2001 survey in
738:
720:
112:
5648:"World's Most Pierced Woman Adds to Her Collection"
1138:
5646:
5503:Onkelos on the Torah: Understanding the Bible Text
5454:
5364:
5290:"Soldier's Tongue Piercing Causes Fatal Infection"
5228:
5167:
4687:
4664:
4551:Body Marks: Tattooing, Piercing, and Scarification
4433:
3837:
1304:
1262:, the "Most Pierced Woman" in the world as of 2009
1124:piercings served to enhance sexuality and contest
531:
4918:
4899:"Tongue Piercing Infection Death Prompts Warning"
3960:
3643:"The Use of Ear Piercing Guns/Nose Piercing Guns"
2720:
2718:
2597:. New York: Modernismo Publications. p. 26.
1392:Piercer using a clamp in the early stages of the
1022:has become popular with the turn of the century.
750:
581:. Aztecs and Mayans also wore labrets, while the
7388:
5146:
4958:365 Awesome Facts & Records about Everything
4812:
4366:. Lucent Overview Series. Lucent Books. p.
3989:
2313:
377:, while the women of ancient Rome wore precious
5759:
5645:
5147:Phillips, Matt; Carillet, Jean-Bernard (2006).
3428:
3392:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1713:The healing process and body piercing aftercare
1219:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1159:imposed a minimum age for body piercing at 14.
678:. For example, according to Malloy's colleague
4645:Jewelrymaking through History: an Encyclopedia
4548:
3531:
3529:
3333:
2715:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2431:so that the men could not have sex with them."
2015:
6397:
5837:
5674:Zadik, Yehuda; Sandler, Vadim (August 2007).
5452:
4549:Gay, Kathlyn; Whittington, Christine (2002).
4359:
3863:
3850:
3629:
3302:
3286:
3029:
2957:
2944:
2928:
2915:
2894:
2892:
2696:
2339:
5716:
5673:
5603:Manners and Customs of the Ancient Egyptians
5188:
4708:
4625:Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Part 17
4553:. Women at War. Twenty-First Century Books.
4018:
3944:
3760:
2371:
2174:
1756:It is normal for a white or slightly yellow
615:Tongue piercing was practiced by the Aztec,
5557:
5207:
4955:
4567:
4146:
4000:
3998:
3526:
3475:
2767:
2736:
2734:
2533:
2531:
2504:
2486:
2413:
2352:
2287:
2227:
2225:
1235:In 2018 the first piercing business in the
1112:A fifteen-year analysis published in 2011,
397:in 1577 confirms the practice among "lusty
6404:
6390:
5844:
5830:
5619:Woods, Stacey Grenrock (1 February 2006).
5249:
5045:
4935:
4791:
4342:"Fresh Warnings on the Perils of Piercing"
4005:
3755:
3753:
3751:
2899:
2889:
2861:
2819:
2742:De Cuyper, PĂ©rez-Cotopos & Cossio 2010
2702:
2156:
2154:
2152:
1760:to be noticeable on the jewellery, as the
1076:ceremony, including that practiced by the
952:Two young women with navel piercings, 2004
287:. Earrings are mentioned in the Bible. In
5734:
5600:
4936:McClatchey, Carolina (21 November 2011).
4921:"Piercings: How to Prevent Complications"
4734:
4568:Garnsworthy, Jasmine (13 February 2015).
4512:
4293:
3813:
3803:
2575:
2573:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2138:
2136:
2067:
2054:
2041:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
252:A traditional Burmese ear-boring ceremony
5433:
5390:
5098:
5029:. Guinness World Records. Archived from
5027:"Most Body Piercings (surgical needles)"
4877:
4622:
4482:
4125:
4123:
4109:
4107:
4105:
3995:
3982:
3971:
3969:
3955:
3953:
3937:
3902:
3869:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3606:
3604:
3103:
2731:
2592:
2564:
2528:
2378:
2232:
2222:
1716:
1542:
1416:Many piercers use a needle containing a
1387:
1266:Officially titled "Most Pierced Woman",
1254:
1090:
1040:
947:
895:
754:
545:
442:
333:
247:
180:
38:
5344:
5252:Body Piercing and Identity Construction
5226:
5088:
4974:
4752:Lawman, Denise, ed. (2004). "Labrets".
4580:
4534:(50 ed.). Guinness World Records.
4529:
4454:
4431:
4317:
4194:
3876:
3779:
3748:
3711:
3709:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3515:
3513:
3462:
3449:
3360:
3297:
3295:
3175:
3173:
3004:American Museum of Natural History 1921
2977:
2939:
2937:
2910:
2908:
2806:
2754:
2725:
2709:
2691:
2689:
2629:
2627:
2420:
2391:
2384:
2274:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2187:
2161:
2149:
2093:
1918:
1916:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1652:was reported in young individuals with
1536:sealed packages of items for later use.
1517:and equipment immediately prior to use.
1114:Body Piercing and Identity Construction
1036:
462:Nose piercing also has a long history.
127:while genital piercing is described in
14:
7389:
5587:
5570:Ancient Egypt; Its Culture and History
5500:
5412:
5287:
5191:Cultural Encyclopedia of the Body: M-Z
5114:"Past Out—What was Operation Spanner?"
5006:
4975:Meltzer, Donna I. (15 November 2005).
4919:Mayo Clinic staff (16 February 2008).
4754:Illustrated Dictionary of Anthropology
4751:
4601:
4130:
3918:
3766:
3575:
3549:
3536:
3520:
3504:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3423:
3421:
3219:
3206:
2990:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2793:
2570:
2510:
2467:
2441:
2365:
2326:
2133:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2104:
2102:
1988:
1982:
1902:
1900:
1898:
759:Person with several facial piercings (
624:. It was also practiced by the Haida,
6385:
5825:
5618:
5566:
5323:
5314:
5268:
5165:
4896:
4857:
4770:
4641:
4627:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 397.
4336:
4254:
4230:
4172:
4120:
4114:
4102:
4096:
4083:
4070:
4057:
4044:
4031:
3976:
3966:
3950:
3931:
3889:
3843:
3773:
3742:
3729:
3716:
3700:
3617:
3611:
3601:
3595:
3562:
3350:– via Business Source Complete.
2848:
2780:
2680:
2618:
2611:
2580:
2522:
2454:
2407:
2400:
2143:
2127:
2109:
2080:
2028:
2002:
1936:
1923:
1889:
1876:
1863:
1721:Dried sebum deposit on body jewellery
1385:Tools used in body piercing include:
707:passed a shard of bone through their
5778:
5661:from the original on 12 January 2022
5609:
5601:Wilkinson, Sir John Gardner (1837).
5588:Wilbur, Hayley (16 September 2016).
5544:
5519:
5475:
5453:van den Brink, Jacob Herman (1974).
5112:
4715:Journal of General Internal Medicine
4709:Koenig, Laura M.; Carnes, M (1999).
4685:
4662:
4473:
4037:
3722:
3706:
3581:
3555:
3510:
3292:
3231:
3170:
3124:Western Australian Consolidated Acts
2934:
2905:
2835:
2686:
2634:
2624:
2551:
2538:
2480:
2300:
2251:
2245:
2204:
1913:
1907:
1843:
1699:Association of Professional Piercers
1446:Association of Professional Piercers
1310:Contemporary body piercing jewellery
1072:, featuring in many variants of the
676:Body & Genital Piercing in Brief
216:Body & Genital Piercing in Brief
5558:Weule, Karl; Werner, Alice (1909).
5413:Ullman, Yirmiyahu (15 March 2008).
5069:
5053:. 13 September 2015. Archived from
4904:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
4897:Mason, Jennifer (18 October 2009).
4384:
3437:
3418:
3412:
3314:
3068:"Body Piercing Client Consent Form"
3016:
2963:
2867:
2115:
2099:
1975:
1895:
1488:Risks associated with body piercing
885:European Commission of Human Rights
798:began popularizing it as a form of
24:
6366:Body piercing regulation in the UK
5567:White, Jon Ewbank Manchip (1970).
5345:Spencer, Hayley (10 August 2015).
5288:Siegel, Judy (23 September 2008).
5227:Prisant, Carol (18 January 2003).
4956:McRae, Anne; Davies, Gill (2006).
4255:Arata, Emily (30 September 2015).
4220:American Museum of Natural History
4206:from the original on 25 March 2009
4156:. 7 September 2004. Archived from
4148:"3,000 Piercings as 9/11 Tributes"
3323:: 564–569 – via Hein Online.
1807:Body piercing regulation in the UK
1750:The maturation or remodeling phase
1709:as part of professional training.
644:Nipple, navel and genital piercing
496:tribes of the Middle East and the
218:included such commonly reproduced
25:
7438:
5851:
5753:
5269:Rutty, Guy N. (31 January 2004).
4360:Currie-McGhee, Leanne K. (2006).
3232:Reid, S. A. (24 September 2004).
3043:"Why Do Guys Get Prince Alberts?"
1740:The growth or proliferative phase
1368:
411:Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset
5804:
5787:
5736:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2009.01618.x
5392:"Tongue Piercing 'Can Be Fatal'"
4977:"Complications of Body Piercing"
4831:10.1111/j.1600-9657.2005.00395.x
4727:10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00357.x
4483:Ferguson, Henry (January 2000).
4089:
4076:
4063:
4050:
4024:
4011:
3924:
3911:
3895:
3882:
3856:
3830:
3735:
3693:
3667:
3635:
3568:
3542:
3497:
3484:
3468:
3455:
3361:Le Roux, Marion (20 July 2020).
3239:The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
1522:
1496:
1250:
1174:, a 15-year-old boy remained in
1162:In 2004, controversy erupted in
1139:Piercing prohibitions and taboos
987:
978:
432:
5867:Contemporary piercing practices
5760:Amelia Guimarin (14 May 2005).
5434:Vale, V.; Juno, Andrea (1989).
5189:Pitts-Taylor, Victoria (2008).
3405:
3380:
3354:
3336:SAM Advanced Management Journal
3327:
3308:
3279:
3254:
3234:"Student fights to sport metal"
3225:
3212:
3199:
3138:
3112:
3096:
3060:
3035:
3022:
3009:
2996:
2983:
2950:
2921:
2854:
2841:
2828:
2812:
2799:
2786:
2773:
2760:
2747:
2673:
2643:
2586:
2557:
2544:
2473:
2460:
2447:
2434:
2358:
2345:
2332:
2319:
2306:
2293:
2280:
2267:
2238:
2193:
2180:
2167:
2086:
2073:
2060:
2047:
2034:
2021:
2008:
1624:. In 2006, a diabetic woman in
1305:Contemporary piercing practices
969:
532:Piercings of the lip and tongue
488:24:22, Abraham's servant gives
237:
5573:. Courier Dover Publications.
5505:. Gefen Publishing House Ltd.
5374:. 8 April 2006. Archived from
5271:Essentials of Autopsy Practice
4858:Lough, Kate (7 October 2015).
4440:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
4436:Encyclopedia of Body Adornment
4180:. Jewish Publication Society.
3990:Levin, Zadik & Becker 2005
1964:
1953:
1942:
1929:
1882:
1869:
1659:Excess scar tissue, including
1100:Cheek piercing at a ritual in
917:' "Music Video of the Year", "
751:Growing popularity in the West
504:peoples of Africa, as well as
365:. Earrings were common in the
13:
1:
6411:
5520:Ward, Jim (23 January 2004).
5250:Romanienko, Lisiunia (2011).
4385:Day, Emma (5 November 2018).
4139:
1199:Walt Disney Parks and Resorts
463:
228:piercing that shares his name
194:
131:
5094:. Stellan Consult Ltd. 2007.
2595:The Leatherman's Handbook II
2314:Phillips & Carillet 2006
1558:Some risks of note include:
943:the heavily publicized event
841:The Leatherman's Handbook II
628:and Tlingit, as well as the
107:remains ever discovered had
73:could be inserted. The word
7:
5562:. Sir I. Pitman & Sons.
5501:Wagner, Stanley M. (2006).
5007:Miller, Jean-Chris (2004).
4489:BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)
4413:. Springer Books. pp.
4286:10.1136/bmj.39580.497176.25
3492:Guinness World Records 2009
3266:schoolwires.henry.k12.ga.us
1795:
739:
721:
10:
7443:
5767:. Mentor: Teresa Caldiera.
5612:The Natural History of Man
5610:Wood, John George (1874).
5438:. Re/Search Publications.
4602:Graves, Bonnie B. (2000).
2902:, pp. 33–50, 131–139)
2016:Gay & Whittington 2002
1620:, as well as those taking
1288:In January 2003, Canadian
1142:
908:and body piercer Paul King
647:
535:
436:
241:
176:
29:
7341:
7303:
7246:
7168:
6939:
6876:
6815:
6777:
6770:
6730:
6632:
6586:
6579:
6419:
6358:
6280:
6222:
6189:
6133:
6102:
6031:
5973:
5905:
5859:
5614:. Vol. 1. Routledge.
5605:. Vol. 3. J. Murray.
5212:. Vol. 2. ABC-CLIO.
5138:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
5074:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO.
4981:American Family Physician
4878:Lundskow, George (2008).
4642:Hesse, Rayner W. (2007).
4505:10.1136/bmj.319.7225.1627
4363:Tattoos and Body Piercing
2655:www.theleatherjournal.com
1684:, including recession of
1187:Tattoos and Body Piercing
1055:Clinical Nursing Research
867:for their involvement in
198: 6th or 7th century
69:may be worn, or where an
32:Piercing (disambiguation)
27:Form of body modification
6224:Female genital piercings
6191:Unisex genital piercings
5166:Pitts, Victoria (2003).
4530:Folkard, Claire (2004).
4019:Zadik & Sandler 2007
3761:Koenig & Carnes 1999
2593:Townsend, Larry (1983).
1837:
1606:congenital heart disease
725:, which medieval French
113:lip and tongue piercings
6906:Nickel silver (alpacca)
5860:General piercing topics
4686:King, David C. (2007).
4581:Glenday, Craig (2009).
4455:DeMello, Margo (2012).
4432:DeMello, Margo (2007).
4318:Brodsky, David (2006).
4274:British Medical Journal
3838:Medical News Today 2006
3805:10.3390/ijerph182010867
3262:"Dress Code / Overview"
3077:Council. Archived from
2353:McRae & Davies 2006
2288:Weule & Werner 1909
1789:Prince Albert piercings
1315:Body piercing jewellery
1088:prior to the piercing.
1064:Piercing combined with
261:, which was found in a
185:An earring found in an
162:body piercing materials
6371:List of body piercings
6282:Male genital piercings
5547:"Running the Gauntlet"
5254:. Palgrave Macmillan.
5235:. Workman Publishing.
5174:. Palgrave Macmillan.
5149:Ethiopia & Eritrea
5070:Ooi, Keat Gin (2004).
4663:Kern, Stephen (1975).
4584:Guinness World Records
4532:Guinness World Records
4457:Faces Around the World
4240:. The Crossing Press.
4006:Levin & Zadik 2007
3961:Mayo Clinic staff 2008
1822:List of body piercings
1734:The inflammatory phase
1722:
1701:recommends classes in
1610:infective endocarditis
1551:
1466:Needle receiving tubes
1413:The indwelling cannula
1397:
1263:
1164:Crothersville, Indiana
1133:Prince Albert Piercing
1105:
1050:
953:
915:MTV Video Music Awards
909:
772:
573:as well as peoples of
569:, were sported by the
558:
506:Australian Aboriginals
459:
387:The Anatomie of Abuses
350:
311:from melted earrings.
253:
200:
55:
7247:Other natural objects
6345:Reverse Prince Albert
5522:"Who was Doug Malloy"
4587:. Random House, Inc.
2886:, pp. 1426–1428)
1720:
1707:blood-borne pathogens
1590:group A streptococcus
1584:Staphylococcus aureus
1546:
1391:
1272:Guinness World Record
1258:
1243:by American piercer,
1172:Henry County, Georgia
1099:
1044:
1020:gauging or stretching
951:
899:
877:High Court of Justice
758:
593:was found throughout
549:
446:
346:with traditional ear
337:
251:
184:
61:, which is a form of
42:
6722:Wire wrapped jewelry
6702:Repoussé and chasing
5704:on 10 September 2008
5657:. 23 February 2009.
5057:on 26 September 2015
4882:. Pine Forge Press.
4198:(17 November 2006).
2379:Vale & Juno 1989
1971:Deuteronomy 15:12–17
1581:, particularly from
1270:of Brazil holds the
1228:is forbidden by the
1185:According to 2006's
1176:in-school suspension
1037:Reasons for piercing
1033:expression as well.
939:wardrobe malfunction
927:halftime performance
900:A screen shot from "
423:Charles I of England
30:For other uses, see
7264:Ebonite (vulcanite)
5654:The Daily Telegraph
5481:"Father Knows Best"
5378:on 29 November 2008
5193:. Greenwood Press.
4845:on 18 December 2012
4280:(7658): 1426–1428.
4099:, pp. 181–182)
4073:, pp. 180–181)
3763:, pp. 379–385)
2728:, pp. 218–219)
2661:on 28 December 2020
2303:, pp. 395–396)
2190:, pp. 239–240)
2112:, pp. 234–235)
2044:, pp. 370–371)
1832:Suspension piercing
1401:The piercing needle
1283:Luis Antonio AgĂĽero
1278:The Daily Telegraph
863:—were convicted of
403:Henry III of France
222:as the notion that
6609:Jewellery designer
6267:Princess Albertina
5683:J Calif Dent Assoc
5633:on 4 December 2009
5545:Ward, Jim (n.d.).
5479:(9 October 2007).
5371:Medical News Today
5302:on 5 November 2012
5295:The Jerusalem Post
5108:. 18 October 2011.
4608:. Capstone Press.
4346:The New York Times
3864:Currie-McGhee 2006
3851:Currie-McGhee 2006
3681:on 14 January 2012
3630:Currie-McGhee 2006
3303:Currie-McGhee 2006
3287:Currie-McGhee 2006
3030:Currie-McGhee 2006
2958:Currie-McGhee 2006
2945:Currie-McGhee 2006
2931:, pp. 30, 34)
2929:Currie-McGhee 2006
2916:Currie-McGhee 2006
2697:Currie-McGhee 2006
2340:van den Brink 1974
1802:Body jewelry sizes
1774:The Piercing Bible
1723:
1636:and, potentially,
1552:
1398:
1363:Body jewelry sizes
1358:Brown & Sharpe
1299:Robert Jesus Rubio
1264:
1106:
1082:self-mortification
1051:
954:
931:Super Bowl XXXVIII
923:The Piercing Bible
910:
906:Alicia Silverstone
800:Modern Primitivism
773:
699:of the penis. The
559:
479:Ayurvedic medicine
460:
419:Sir Walter Raleigh
367:Eighteenth dynasty
351:
254:
201:
87:subdermal implants
56:
7427:Body modification
7382:
7381:
7299:
7298:
7169:Organic gemstones
6766:
6765:
6379:
6378:
5930:Captive bead ring
5512:978-965-229-341-1
5461:. Leiden: Brill.
5445:978-0-940642-14-0
5330:. Da Capo Press.
5280:978-1-85233-541-0
5261:978-0-230-11032-8
5242:978-0-7611-2822-9
5200:978-0-313-34147-2
5033:on 2 January 2010
5009:The Body Art Book
4987:(10): 2029–2034.
4942:BBC News Magazine
4889:978-1-4129-3721-4
4701:978-0-7614-2680-6
4671:. Bobbs-Merrill.
4655:978-0-313-33507-5
4594:978-0-553-59256-6
4466:978-1-59884-617-1
4447:978-0-313-33695-9
4424:978-3-642-03291-2
4329:978-3-16-149019-4
4247:978-1-58091-193-1
4187:978-0-8276-0584-8
3945:Zadik et al. 2010
3866:, pp. 46–48)
3703:, pp. 58–59)
3317:Texas Bar Journal
3289:, pp. 76–77)
3209:, pp. 17–18)
3187:on 7 October 2013
3006:, pp. 21–22)
2683:, pp. 15–16)
2290:, pp. 55–56)
2175:Pitts-Taylor 2008
2070:, pp. 79–80)
1781:Genital piercings
1697:In addition, the
1661:hypertrophic scar
1548:Hypertrophic scar
1442:Western Australia
1156:Western Australia
1126:heteronormativity
1097:
857:Operation Spanner
845:handkerchief code
735:chastity piercing
733:interpreted as a
561:Lip piercing and
395:Raphael Holinshed
359:Pacific Northwest
63:body modification
16:(Redirected from
7434:
6826:Britannia silver
6775:
6774:
6584:
6583:
6406:
6399:
6392:
6383:
6382:
6032:Facial piercings
5897:Ear piercing gun
5892:Surface piercing
5846:
5839:
5832:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5800:
5792:
5791:
5790:
5780:
5768:
5766:
5748:
5738:
5713:
5711:
5709:
5703:
5697:. Archived from
5680:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5650:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5629:. Archived from
5615:
5606:
5597:
5584:
5563:
5554:
5549:. Archived from
5541:
5539:
5537:
5528:. Archived from
5516:
5497:
5495:
5493:
5472:
5460:
5449:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5415:"Hoops on Studs"
5409:
5407:
5405:
5387:
5385:
5383:
5361:
5359:
5357:
5341:
5320:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5298:. Archived from
5284:
5265:
5246:
5234:
5223:
5204:
5185:
5173:
5162:
5143:
5137:
5129:
5127:
5125:
5109:
5095:
5085:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5022:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4971:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4893:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4864:Evening Standard
4854:
4852:
4850:
4841:. Archived from
4809:
4788:
4773:N Y State Dent J
4767:
4748:
4738:
4705:
4693:
4682:
4670:
4659:
4638:
4619:
4598:
4577:
4564:
4545:
4526:
4516:
4479:
4470:
4451:
4439:
4428:
4412:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4381:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4340:(4 April 2000).
4333:
4322:. Mohr Siebeck.
4314:
4312:
4310:
4297:
4264:
4251:
4227:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4191:
4176:(January 1998).
4169:
4167:
4165:
4134:
4127:
4118:
4111:
4100:
4093:
4087:
4080:
4074:
4067:
4061:
4054:
4048:
4041:
4035:
4028:
4022:
4015:
4009:
4002:
3993:
3986:
3980:
3973:
3964:
3957:
3948:
3941:
3935:
3928:
3922:
3915:
3909:
3899:
3893:
3886:
3880:
3873:
3867:
3860:
3854:
3847:
3841:
3834:
3828:
3827:
3817:
3807:
3783:
3777:
3770:
3764:
3757:
3746:
3739:
3733:
3726:
3720:
3713:
3704:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3671:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3660:
3655:on 13 March 2011
3654:
3647:
3639:
3633:
3626:
3615:
3608:
3599:
3592:
3579:
3572:
3566:
3559:
3553:
3546:
3540:
3533:
3524:
3517:
3508:
3501:
3495:
3488:
3482:
3472:
3466:
3459:
3453:
3446:
3435:
3425:
3416:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3312:
3306:
3299:
3290:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3229:
3223:
3216:
3210:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3177:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3158:on 19 April 2013
3157:
3150:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3116:
3110:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3084:on 20 April 2020
3083:
3075:Stockton-on-Tees
3072:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3039:
3033:
3026:
3020:
3013:
3007:
3000:
2994:
2987:
2981:
2974:
2961:
2954:
2948:
2941:
2932:
2925:
2919:
2912:
2903:
2896:
2887:
2884:Bone et al. 2008
2880:
2865:
2858:
2852:
2845:
2839:
2832:
2826:
2816:
2810:
2803:
2797:
2790:
2784:
2777:
2771:
2768:Garnsworthy 2015
2764:
2758:
2751:
2745:
2738:
2729:
2722:
2713:
2706:
2700:
2693:
2684:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2657:. Archived from
2647:
2641:
2631:
2622:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2590:
2584:
2577:
2568:
2561:
2555:
2548:
2542:
2535:
2526:
2519:
2508:
2505:Porterfield 2003
2501:
2484:
2477:
2471:
2464:
2458:
2451:
2445:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2417:
2411:
2404:
2398:
2388:
2382:
2375:
2369:
2362:
2356:
2349:
2343:
2336:
2330:
2323:
2317:
2310:
2304:
2297:
2291:
2284:
2278:
2271:
2265:
2258:
2249:
2242:
2236:
2229:
2220:
2213:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2158:
2147:
2140:
2131:
2124:
2113:
2106:
2097:
2090:
2084:
2077:
2071:
2064:
2058:
2051:
2045:
2038:
2032:
2025:
2019:
2012:
2006:
1999:
1986:
1979:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1920:
1911:
1904:
1893:
1886:
1880:
1873:
1867:
1860:
1817:Genital piercing
1762:sebaceous glands
1650:Candida albicans
1596:Pseudomonas spp.
1526:
1500:
1427:The dermal punch
1098:
1070:Native Americans
991:
982:
959:mucous membranes
883:and finally the
784:Clip-on earrings
742:
724:
672:genital piercing
658:Genital piercing
585:of Mali and the
575:Papua New Guinea
468:
465:
450:woman with ear,
199:
196:
136:
133:
121:genital piercing
44:Nipple piercings
21:
7442:
7441:
7437:
7436:
7435:
7433:
7432:
7431:
7387:
7386:
7383:
7378:
7337:
7295:
7284:Spondylus shell
7242:
7164:
6935:
6921:Stainless steel
6872:
6856:Sterling silver
6816:Precious metal
6811:
6779:Precious metals
6762:
6726:
6628:
6575:
6415:
6410:
6380:
6375:
6354:
6276:
6218:
6185:
6129:
6120:Tongue frenulum
6098:
6083:Septum piercing
6027:
5969:
5901:
5855:
5850:
5820:
5810:
5805:
5803:
5793:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5779:sister projects
5776:at Knowledge's
5764:
5756:
5751:
5707:
5705:
5701:
5678:
5664:
5662:
5636:
5634:
5581:
5553:on 9 July 2012.
5535:
5533:
5513:
5491:
5489:
5469:
5446:
5424:
5422:
5403:
5401:
5381:
5379:
5355:
5353:
5338:
5305:
5303:
5281:
5262:
5243:
5220:
5201:
5182:
5159:
5131:
5130:
5123:
5121:
5082:
5060:
5058:
5051:Hull Daily Mail
5036:
5034:
5019:
4997:
4995:
4968:
4946:
4944:
4926:
4924:
4909:
4907:
4890:
4868:
4866:
4848:
4846:
4764:
4756:. Lotus Press.
4702:
4679:
4656:
4635:
4616:
4595:
4561:
4542:
4485:"Body piercing"
4467:
4448:
4425:
4395:
4393:
4378:
4350:
4348:
4330:
4308:
4306:
4248:
4226:. Vol. 16.
4209:
4207:
4188:
4163:
4161:
4142:
4137:
4128:
4121:
4112:
4103:
4094:
4090:
4081:
4077:
4068:
4064:
4055:
4051:
4042:
4038:
4029:
4025:
4016:
4012:
4003:
3996:
3987:
3983:
3974:
3967:
3958:
3951:
3942:
3938:
3929:
3925:
3916:
3912:
3900:
3896:
3887:
3883:
3874:
3870:
3861:
3857:
3848:
3844:
3835:
3831:
3784:
3780:
3771:
3767:
3758:
3749:
3740:
3736:
3727:
3723:
3714:
3707:
3698:
3694:
3684:
3682:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3645:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3627:
3618:
3609:
3602:
3593:
3582:
3573:
3569:
3560:
3556:
3547:
3543:
3534:
3527:
3518:
3511:
3502:
3498:
3489:
3485:
3473:
3469:
3460:
3456:
3447:
3438:
3430:Daily Telegraph
3426:
3419:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3388:"Body Piercing"
3386:
3385:
3381:
3371:
3369:
3359:
3355:
3332:
3328:
3313:
3309:
3300:
3293:
3284:
3280:
3270:
3268:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3230:
3226:
3217:
3213:
3204:
3200:
3190:
3188:
3179:
3178:
3171:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3129:
3127:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3101:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3070:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3051:
3049:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3027:
3023:
3019:, p. 1139)
3014:
3010:
3001:
2997:
2988:
2984:
2975:
2964:
2955:
2951:
2942:
2935:
2926:
2922:
2913:
2906:
2900:Romanienko 2011
2897:
2890:
2881:
2868:
2862:McClatchey 2015
2859:
2855:
2846:
2842:
2833:
2829:
2817:
2813:
2804:
2800:
2791:
2787:
2778:
2774:
2765:
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2752:
2748:
2739:
2732:
2723:
2716:
2707:
2703:
2694:
2687:
2678:
2674:
2664:
2662:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2632:
2625:
2616:
2612:
2605:
2591:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2562:
2558:
2549:
2545:
2536:
2529:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2487:
2478:
2474:
2465:
2461:
2452:
2448:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2423:, p. 55) "
2418:
2414:
2405:
2401:
2389:
2385:
2376:
2372:
2363:
2359:
2350:
2346:
2337:
2333:
2324:
2320:
2311:
2307:
2298:
2294:
2285:
2281:
2272:
2268:
2259:
2252:
2243:
2239:
2230:
2223:
2214:
2205:
2198:
2194:
2185:
2181:
2172:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2134:
2125:
2116:
2107:
2100:
2091:
2087:
2078:
2074:
2065:
2061:
2052:
2048:
2039:
2035:
2026:
2022:
2013:
2009:
2000:
1989:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1965:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1930:
1926:, p. xvii)
1921:
1914:
1905:
1896:
1887:
1883:
1874:
1870:
1861:
1844:
1840:
1812:Corset piercing
1798:
1715:
1671:Physical trauma
1654:tongue piercing
1622:corticosteroids
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1501:
1490:
1371:
1347:sterling silver
1323:stainless steel
1312:
1307:
1268:Elaine Davidson
1260:Elaine Davidson
1253:
1147:
1141:
1104:, Hainan, China
1091:
1039:
1031:countercultural
1016:nipple piercing
1012:septum piercing
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1002:Nipple piercing
998:Septum piercing
994:
993:
992:
984:
983:
972:
937:experienced a "
753:
691:, dated to the
664:nipple piercing
662:The history of
660:
650:Nipple piercing
648:Main articles:
646:
591:plates or plugs
544:
542:Tongue piercing
536:Main articles:
534:
518:Nez Perce tribe
471:Mughal emperors
467: 1500 BCE
466:
441:
435:
407:Elizabethan era
381:in their ears.
259:Ă–tzi the Iceman
246:
240:
197:
179:
139:Western culture
134:
48:vertical labret
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7440:
7430:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7414:
7409:
7404:
7399:
7380:
7379:
7377:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7345:Related topics
7342:
7339:
7338:
7336:
7335:
7330:
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7307:
7305:
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7300:
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6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6734:
6732:
6728:
6727:
6725:
6724:
6719:
6717:Wire sculpture
6714:
6709:
6704:
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6694:
6689:
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6264:
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6195:
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6184:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6134:Body piercings
6131:
6130:
6128:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6106:
6104:
6103:Oral piercings
6100:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6076:
6071:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
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6000:
5995:
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5979:
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5957:
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5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5916:
5914:
5903:
5902:
5900:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5863:
5861:
5857:
5856:
5849:
5848:
5841:
5834:
5826:
5819:
5818:
5816:from Wikiquote
5801:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5755:
5754:External links
5752:
5750:
5749:
5714:
5689:(8): 550–553.
5671:
5643:
5616:
5607:
5598:
5585:
5579:
5564:
5555:
5542:
5532:on 22 May 2016
5517:
5511:
5498:
5473:
5467:
5450:
5444:
5431:
5421:. Ohr Somayach
5410:
5400:. 21 July 1999
5388:
5362:
5342:
5336:
5321:
5312:
5285:
5279:
5266:
5260:
5247:
5241:
5224:
5218:
5205:
5199:
5186:
5180:
5163:
5157:
5144:
5110:
5096:
5086:
5080:
5067:
5043:
5023:
5017:
5004:
4972:
4966:
4953:
4933:
4916:
4894:
4888:
4875:
4855:
4825:(6): 341–343.
4819:Dent Traumatol
4810:
4800:(5): 340–344.
4789:
4768:
4762:
4749:
4706:
4700:
4683:
4677:
4660:
4654:
4639:
4633:
4620:
4614:
4599:
4593:
4578:
4565:
4559:
4546:
4540:
4527:
4480:
4471:
4465:
4452:
4446:
4429:
4423:
4402:
4382:
4376:
4357:
4338:Brody, Jane E.
4334:
4328:
4315:
4265:
4252:
4246:
4228:
4216:
4196:Alvarez, Manny
4192:
4186:
4170:
4160:on 6 June 2010
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4133:, p. 106)
4119:
4117:, p. 182)
4101:
4088:
4086:, p. 181)
4075:
4062:
4049:
4036:
4023:
4010:
3994:
3981:
3979:, p. 186)
3965:
3949:
3936:
3923:
3910:
3894:
3881:
3868:
3855:
3842:
3829:
3778:
3765:
3747:
3734:
3721:
3705:
3692:
3666:
3634:
3616:
3614:, p. 241)
3600:
3580:
3578:, p. 103)
3567:
3554:
3541:
3525:
3509:
3496:
3483:
3467:
3454:
3452:, p. 105)
3436:
3417:
3404:
3379:
3353:
3326:
3307:
3291:
3278:
3253:
3224:
3211:
3198:
3169:
3137:
3111:
3095:
3059:
3034:
3021:
3008:
2995:
2993:, p. 121)
2982:
2962:
2949:
2933:
2920:
2904:
2888:
2866:
2853:
2840:
2827:
2811:
2798:
2785:
2772:
2759:
2746:
2730:
2714:
2712:, p. 219)
2701:
2685:
2672:
2642:
2623:
2610:
2603:
2585:
2569:
2556:
2543:
2527:
2509:
2507:, p. 356)
2485:
2472:
2459:
2457:, p. 144)
2446:
2444:, p. 248)
2433:
2412:
2410:, p. 163)
2399:
2383:
2381:, p. 104)
2370:
2357:
2344:
2331:
2318:
2316:, p. 207)
2305:
2292:
2279:
2277:, p. 248)
2266:
2264:, p. 209)
2250:
2237:
2235:, p. 397)
2221:
2219:, p. 205)
2203:
2192:
2179:
2177:, p. 365)
2166:
2164:, p. 204)
2148:
2132:
2114:
2098:
2096:, p. 406)
2085:
2083:, p. 233)
2072:
2068:Wilkinson 1837
2059:
2055:Wilkinson 1837
2046:
2042:Wilkinson 1837
2033:
2031:, p. 116)
2020:
2007:
1987:
1974:
1963:
1952:
1941:
1928:
1912:
1894:
1881:
1879:, p. 171)
1868:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1797:
1794:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1737:
1714:
1711:
1691:
1690:
1679:
1668:
1657:
1571:
1528:
1521:
1520:
1515:body jewellery
1503:Two models of
1502:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1438:
1432:
1431:jurisdictions.
1428:
1425:
1414:
1411:
1402:
1394:navel piercing
1370:
1369:Piercing tools
1367:
1319:hypoallergenic
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1252:
1249:
1239:was opened in
1140:
1137:
1038:
1035:
996:
995:
986:
985:
977:
976:
975:
974:
973:
971:
968:
963:fibrous tissue
881:House of Lords
837:Larry Townsend
823:West Hollywood
752:
749:
668:navel piercing
654:Navel piercing
645:
642:
563:lip stretching
533:
530:
437:Main article:
434:
431:
371:ancient Greeks
355:Tlingit people
277:, home of the
239:
236:
205:archaeologists
178:
175:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7439:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7417:2020s fashion
7415:
7413:
7412:2010s fashion
7410:
7408:
7407:2000s fashion
7405:
7403:
7402:1990s fashion
7400:
7398:
7397:Body piercing
7395:
7394:
7392:
7385:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7349:Body piercing
7347:
7344:
7343:
7340:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7323:
7320:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
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7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7251:
7249:
7245:
7239:
7238:Tortoiseshell
7236:
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7229:
7226:
7224:
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6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6594:Bench jeweler
6592:
6591:
6589:
6585:
6582:
6578:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6561:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6407:
6402:
6400:
6395:
6393:
6388:
6387:
6384:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6363:
6361:
6357:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6340:Prince Albert
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6242:Clitoral hood
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6225:
6221:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6196:
6194:
6192:
6188:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6132:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6105:
6101:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6069:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5976:
5975:Ear piercings
5972:
5966:
5965:Nipple shield
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5945:Prince's wand
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5908:
5904:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5882:Play piercing
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5858:
5854:
5853:Body piercing
5847:
5842:
5840:
5835:
5833:
5828:
5827:
5824:
5815:
5814:
5802:
5798:
5797:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5775:
5774:Body piercing
5763:
5758:
5757:
5746:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5720:
5715:
5700:
5696:
5692:
5688:
5684:
5677:
5672:
5660:
5656:
5655:
5649:
5644:
5632:
5628:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5613:
5608:
5604:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5586:
5582:
5580:0-486-22548-8
5576:
5572:
5571:
5565:
5561:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5543:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5518:
5514:
5508:
5504:
5499:
5488:
5487:
5482:
5478:
5477:Voss, Brandon
5474:
5470:
5468:90-04-03991-0
5464:
5459:
5458:
5451:
5447:
5441:
5437:
5432:
5420:
5419:Ask the Rabbi
5416:
5411:
5399:
5398:
5393:
5389:
5377:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5363:
5352:
5348:
5343:
5339:
5337:0-306-81166-9
5333:
5329:
5328:
5322:
5318:
5313:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5282:
5276:
5272:
5267:
5263:
5257:
5253:
5248:
5244:
5238:
5233:
5232:
5225:
5221:
5219:1-57607-238-X
5215:
5211:
5206:
5202:
5196:
5192:
5187:
5183:
5181:0-312-29311-9
5177:
5172:
5171:
5164:
5160:
5158:1-74104-436-7
5154:
5150:
5145:
5141:
5135:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5097:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5083:
5081:1-57607-770-5
5077:
5073:
5068:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5044:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5018:0-425-19726-3
5014:
5010:
5005:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4973:
4969:
4967:1-77007-428-7
4963:
4959:
4954:
4943:
4939:
4934:
4923:. Mayo Clinic
4922:
4917:
4906:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4881:
4876:
4865:
4861:
4856:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4795:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4769:
4765:
4763:81-89093-10-X
4759:
4755:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4721:(6): 379–85.
4720:
4716:
4712:
4707:
4703:
4697:
4692:
4691:
4690:The Nez Perce
4684:
4680:
4678:0-672-52091-5
4674:
4669:
4668:
4661:
4657:
4651:
4647:
4646:
4640:
4636:
4634:0-7661-3694-9
4630:
4626:
4621:
4617:
4615:0-7368-0417-X
4611:
4607:
4606:
4600:
4596:
4590:
4586:
4585:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4566:
4562:
4560:0-7613-2352-X
4556:
4552:
4547:
4543:
4541:1-892051-22-2
4537:
4533:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4499:: 1627–1629.
4498:
4494:
4490:
4486:
4481:
4477:
4472:
4468:
4462:
4458:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4438:
4437:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4416:
4411:
4410:
4403:
4392:
4388:
4383:
4379:
4377:1-59018-749-0
4373:
4369:
4365:
4364:
4358:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4305:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4243:
4239:
4238:
4233:
4232:Angel, Elayne
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4174:Adler, Rachel
4171:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4116:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4098:
4092:
4085:
4079:
4072:
4066:
4060:, p. 37)
4059:
4053:
4047:, p. 56)
4046:
4040:
4033:
4027:
4020:
4014:
4007:
4001:
3999:
3991:
3985:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3962:
3956:
3954:
3946:
3940:
3933:
3927:
3920:
3914:
3907:
3905:
3898:
3892:, p. 22)
3891:
3885:
3878:
3872:
3865:
3859:
3853:, p. 46)
3852:
3846:
3839:
3833:
3825:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3798:(20): 10867.
3797:
3793:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3769:
3762:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3745:, p. 61)
3744:
3738:
3732:, p. 59)
3731:
3725:
3719:, p. 60)
3718:
3712:
3710:
3702:
3696:
3680:
3676:
3670:
3651:
3644:
3638:
3632:, p. 56)
3631:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3598:, p. 58)
3597:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3577:
3571:
3565:, p. 57)
3564:
3558:
3552:, p. 27)
3551:
3545:
3539:, p. 26)
3538:
3532:
3530:
3523:, p. 25)
3522:
3516:
3514:
3507:, p. 21)
3506:
3500:
3493:
3487:
3480:
3478:
3471:
3465:, p. 50)
3464:
3458:
3451:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3433:
3431:
3424:
3422:
3414:
3408:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3368:
3364:
3357:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3330:
3322:
3318:
3311:
3305:, p. 77)
3304:
3298:
3296:
3288:
3282:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3228:
3222:, p. 19)
3221:
3215:
3208:
3202:
3186:
3182:
3176:
3174:
3154:
3147:
3141:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3108:
3106:
3099:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3063:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3032:, p. 36)
3031:
3025:
3018:
3012:
3005:
2999:
2992:
2986:
2979:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2960:, p. 28)
2959:
2953:
2947:, p. 34)
2946:
2940:
2938:
2930:
2924:
2918:, p. 29)
2917:
2911:
2909:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2885:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2863:
2857:
2850:
2844:
2837:
2831:
2824:
2822:
2815:
2808:
2802:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2776:
2769:
2763:
2757:, p. 92)
2756:
2750:
2744:, p. 44)
2743:
2737:
2735:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2705:
2699:, p. 11)
2698:
2692:
2690:
2682:
2676:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2639:
2637:
2630:
2628:
2621:, p. 95)
2620:
2614:
2606:
2604:0-89237-010-6
2600:
2596:
2589:
2583:, p. 15)
2582:
2576:
2574:
2566:
2565:Ferguson 2000
2560:
2553:
2547:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2525:, p. 16)
2524:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2506:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2482:
2476:
2470:, p. 13)
2469:
2463:
2456:
2450:
2443:
2437:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2409:
2403:
2396:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2374:
2368:, p. 17)
2367:
2361:
2355:, p. 36)
2354:
2348:
2342:, p. 71)
2341:
2335:
2329:, p. 92)
2328:
2322:
2315:
2309:
2302:
2296:
2289:
2283:
2276:
2270:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2247:
2241:
2234:
2233:Hastings 2003
2228:
2226:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2201:
2200:Genesis 24:22
2196:
2189:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2163:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2146:, p. 13)
2145:
2139:
2137:
2130:, p. 26)
2129:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2095:
2089:
2082:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2057:, p. 79)
2056:
2050:
2043:
2037:
2030:
2024:
2018:, p. 53)
2017:
2011:
2005:, p. 12)
2004:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1956:
1950:
1945:
1939:, p. 78)
1938:
1932:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1891:
1885:
1878:
1872:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1842:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1827:Play piercing
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1785:clitoral hood
1782:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1719:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1687:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1568:metal allergy
1565:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1549:
1545:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1499:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1251:World records
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1116:, found that
1115:
1110:
1103:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1059:play piercing
1056:
1048:
1043:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1003:
999:
990:
981:
967:
964:
960:
950:
946:
944:
940:
936:
935:Janet Jackson
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
907:
904:", featuring
903:
898:
894:
892:
891:
886:
882:
878:
873:
872:sadomasochism
870:
866:
862:
858:
853:
850:
846:
842:
838:
833:
831:
830:
824:
820:
816:
812:
807:
805:
801:
797:
796:Fakir Musafar
793:
789:
785:
781:
778:
770:
766:
762:
757:
748:
744:
741:
736:
732:
728:
723:
718:
716:
710:
706:
703:tribesmen of
702:
698:
694:
690:
689:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
659:
655:
651:
641:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
613:
611:
606:
604:
601:
596:
595:Pre-Columbian
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
556:
553:
548:
543:
539:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
457:
453:
449:
445:
440:
439:Nose piercing
433:Nose piercing
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Philip Stubbs
388:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
349:
345:
341:
336:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
283:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
250:
245:
235:
233:
229:
226:invented the
225:
224:Prince Albert
221:
220:urban legends
217:
213:
208:
206:
192:
188:
183:
174:
171:
167:
163:
158:
156:
155:World Records
152:
146:
144:
140:
130:
129:Ancient India
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:. The oldest
102:
98:
97:nose piercing
94:
90:
88:
84:
83:medical grade
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
59:Body piercing
53:
50:piercing and
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7384:
7374:Wearable art
7369:Phaleristics
7364:Metalworking
7348:
7269:Gutta-percha
7045:Lapis lazuli
6831:Colored gold
6712:Stonesetting
6350:Transscrotal
6110:Lip frenulum
6039:Anti-eyebrow
5935:Flesh tunnel
5852:
5811:
5799:from Commons
5794:
5773:
5729:(2): 172–5.
5726:
5722:
5706:. Retrieved
5699:the original
5686:
5682:
5663:. Retrieved
5652:
5635:. Retrieved
5631:the original
5624:
5611:
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5300:the original
5293:
5273:. Springer.
5270:
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4822:
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4391:Vogue Arabia
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4277:
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4208:. Retrieved
4202:. FOX News.
4177:
4162:. Retrieved
4158:the original
4151:
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4065:
4052:
4039:
4026:
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3926:
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3877:Alvarez 2006
3871:
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3679:the original
3669:
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3650:the original
3637:
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3486:
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3463:Folkard 2004
3457:
3450:Glenday 2009
3429:
3407:
3395:. Retrieved
3382:
3370:. Retrieved
3366:
3356:
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3339:
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3098:
3086:. Retrieved
3079:the original
3062:
3050:. Retrieved
3046:
3037:
3024:
3011:
2998:
2985:
2978:Meltzer 2005
2952:
2923:
2856:
2843:
2830:
2820:
2814:
2807:Spencer 2015
2801:
2788:
2775:
2762:
2755:DeMello 2007
2749:
2726:DeMello 2007
2710:DeMello 2007
2704:
2675:
2663:. Retrieved
2659:the original
2654:
2645:
2635:
2613:
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2588:
2559:
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2424:
2421:Brodsky 2006
2415:
2402:
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2321:
2308:
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2275:DeMello 2007
2269:
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2248:, p. 5)
2240:
2217:DeMello 2007
2195:
2188:DeMello 2012
2182:
2169:
2162:DeMello 2007
2094:Prisant 2003
2088:
2075:
2062:
2049:
2036:
2023:
2010:
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1949:Genesis 35:4
1944:
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1778:
1773:
1755:
1749:
1739:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1696:
1692:
1646:colonization
1614:hemophiliacs
1595:
1589:
1583:
1557:
1553:
1436:piercing gun
1384:
1372:
1355:
1313:
1290:Brent Moffat
1287:
1276:
1265:
1234:
1223:
1213:, including
1208:
1189:, corporate
1186:
1184:
1161:
1148:
1130:
1121:
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1111:
1107:
1063:
1054:
1052:
1028:
1024:
1009:
970:21st century
955:
922:
911:
888:
861:Alan Oversby
854:
840:
834:
827:
819:The Gauntlet
808:
774:
745:
714:
693:Gupta Empire
686:
684:
675:
661:
614:
607:
583:Dogon people
579:Amazon basin
560:
538:Lip piercing
483:
461:
405:and then to
386:
383:
352:
255:
238:Ear piercing
215:
209:
202:
168:, excessive
159:
147:
143:World War II
125:Ancient Rome
93:Ear piercing
91:
74:
58:
57:
36:
18:Body piercer
7311:Art jewelry
7135:Tiger's eye
7040:Labradorite
6990:Chrysocolla
6985:Chrysoberyl
6901:Mokume-gane
6878:Base metals
6650:centrifugal
6619:Silversmith
6494:Ferronnière
6444:Belt buckle
6439:Belly chain
6335:Magic cross
6089:Nose bridge
5872:Scalpelling
5665:15 December
5492:25 November
5382:27 November
5037:15 December
5011:. Penguin.
4998:14 December
4497:Student BMJ
4261:Elite Daily
4153:Daily Times
4131:Miller 2004
3919:Siegel 2008
3576:Miller 2004
3550:Miller 2004
3537:Miller 2004
3521:Miller 2004
3505:Miller 2004
3477:Daily Times
3397:14 December
3271:5 September
3220:Miller 2004
3207:Miller 2004
3191:19 November
3047:MedicineNet
2991:Miller 2004
2794:Wilbur 2016
2468:Graves 2000
2442:Wagner 2006
2366:Miller 2004
2327:Lawman 2004
1983:Ullman 2008
1682:Oral trauma
1634:hepatitis C
1630:hepatitis B
1602:Mayo Clinic
1573:Infection,
1534:sterilizing
1477:Anaesthesia
1473:Anaesthesia
1380:scalpelling
1191:dress codes
1078:Crow Nation
835:A table in
811:Doug Malloy
792:safety pins
638:Middle East
427:Middle Ages
415:Shakespeare
342:woman from
313:Deuteronomy
309:golden calf
212:Doug Malloy
101:grave goods
7391:Categories
7145:Tourmaline
7090:Prasiolite
6965:Aventurine
6836:Crown gold
6738:Draw plate
6687:Metal clay
6624:Watchmaker
6614:Lapidarist
6599:Clockmaker
6474:Collar pin
6469:Chatelaine
6300:Deep shaft
6247:Fourchette
6003:Industrial
5983:Antitragus
5960:Nose chain
5877:Stretching
5813:Quotations
5637:5 December
5356:11 October
5124:6 December
5061:11 October
4960:. Struik.
4947:11 October
4927:6 December
4869:11 October
4351:6 December
4210:6 December
4164:6 December
4140:References
4115:Angel 2009
4097:Angel 2009
4084:Angel 2009
4071:Angel 2009
4058:Angel 2009
4045:Angel 2009
4032:Levin 2007
3977:Angel 2009
3932:Mason 2009
3890:Angel 2009
3774:Brody 2000
3743:Angel 2009
3730:Angel 2009
3717:Angel 2009
3701:Angel 2009
3612:Angel 2009
3596:Angel 2009
3563:Angel 2009
3372:30 January
3088:30 January
2849:Lough 2015
2821:Hull Daily
2781:Arata 2015
2681:Angel 2009
2619:Pitts 2003
2581:Angel 2009
2523:Angel 2009
2455:Adler 1998
2408:Rutty 2004
2144:Angel 2009
2128:Hesse 2007
2110:Smith 1908
2081:Smith 1908
2029:White 1970
2003:Angel 2009
1937:Hesse 2007
1924:Hesse 2007
1890:Woods 2006
1877:Smith 2002
1864:Angel 2009
1642:prevalence
1530:Autoclaves
1508:autoclaves
1317:should be
1245:Maria Tash
1180:homeschool
1143:See also:
1066:suspension
869:consensual
804:stretching
780:subculture
729:commenter
688:Kama Sutra
622:Mayan gods
353:Among the
307:makes the
242:See also:
232:centurions
153:bestowing
135: 320
7291:Toadstone
7228:Operculum
7155:Variscite
7150:Turquoise
7130:Tanzanite
7065:Moonstone
7060:Marcasite
7055:Malachite
6980:Carnelian
6955:Amazonite
6942:gemstones
6916:Pinchbeck
6861:Argentium
6851:Shibuichi
6792:Palladium
6771:Materials
6707:Soldering
6697:Polishing
6672:Engraving
6667:Enameling
6633:Processes
6604:Goldsmith
6539:Tie chain
6514:Neck ring
6504:Lapel pin
6413:Jewellery
6295:Apadravya
6290:Ampallang
6262:Nefertiti
6232:Christina
6068:Lip plate
5911:materials
5887:Pocketing
5317:Jewellery
4794:Am J Dent
4309:6 January
3659:3 January
3348:0749-7075
3248:337133263
3162:3 January
3130:3 January
2836:Duff 2015
2665:9 January
2552:Ward n.d.
2539:Voss 2007
2481:Kern 1975
2301:Wood 1874
2246:King 2007
1960:Exodus 32
1908:Ward 2004
1758:discharge
1703:First Aid
1678:piercing.
1618:diabetics
1575:bacterial
1512:sterilize
1407:cartilage
1339:palladium
1215:Leviticus
1195:Starbucks
1074:Sun Dance
933:, singer
890:The Times
713:Tractate
458:piercings
399:courtiers
379:gemstones
282:patriarch
189:grave in
187:Alamannic
166:infection
105:mummified
67:jewellery
52:stretched
7422:Body art
7359:Gemology
7333:Fineness
7324:(purity)
7259:Bog-wood
7206:Precious
7186:Ammolite
7125:Sunstone
7115:Sodalite
7110:Sapphire
7070:Obsidian
7010:Fluorite
7000:Diopside
6960:Amethyst
6940:Mineral
6931:Tungsten
6926:Titanium
6841:Electrum
6797:Platinum
6682:Kazaziye
6677:Filigree
6655:lost-wax
6554:Toe ring
6544:Tie clip
6519:Pectoral
6509:Necklace
6484:Cufflink
6459:Bracelet
6454:Bolo tie
6434:Barrette
6359:See also
6315:Foreskin
6272:Triangle
6252:Isabella
6237:Clitoris
6214:Chastity
6146:Hand web
6094:Philtrum
5765:(slides)
5745:19732353
5723:Oral Dis
5695:17941300
5659:Archived
5397:BBC News
5105:BBC News
4993:16342832
4839:16262620
4806:17993034
4785:17891882
4745:10354260
4523:10600973
4495:(7225).
4396:15 March
4304:18556275
4234:(2009).
4222:(1921).
4204:Archived
3904:BBC News
3824:34682608
3413:Day 2018
3367:Lexology
3244:ProQuest
3105:BBC News
3052:26 March
3017:Ooi 2004
1796:See also
1686:gingival
1422:catheter
1335:Platinum
1331:titanium
1168:yearbook
1151:parental
1102:Qionghai
815:Jim Ward
777:gay male
727:Talmudic
697:foreskin
680:Jim Ward
626:Kwakiutl
577:and the
375:demigods
363:potlatch
319:goddess
279:Biblical
273:city of
271:Sumerian
267:earrings
244:Earrings
193:, dated
170:scarring
151:Guinness
109:earrings
79:metonymy
75:piercing
7354:Fashion
7328:Finding
7176:Abalone
7085:Peridot
7050:Larimar
7035:Kyanite
7020:Howlite
7005:Emerald
6995:Diamond
6868:Tumbaga
6846:ShakudĹŤ
6802:Rhodium
6753:Mandrel
6692:Plating
6645:Casting
6640:Carving
6549:Tie pin
6524:Pendant
6499:Genital
6489:Earring
6156:Madison
6054:Jestrum
6049:Eyebrow
6008:Orbital
5920:Barbell
5907:Jewelry
5708:16 July
5626:Esquire
5526:BMEzine
5425:4 April
5404:6 April
5306:6 April
5091:Parents
4910:6 April
4849:18 July
4736:1496593
4514:1127091
4295:2432173
3815:8535423
2393:Parents
1744:fistula
1626:Indiana
1481:topical
1461:Forceps
1457:Forceps
1418:cannula
1396:process
1376:scalpel
1351:tarnish
1327:niobium
1225:Shabbat
1145:Consent
1122:private
865:assault
715:Shabbat
636:of the
600:Nilotic
571:Tlingit
567:labrets
552:Nilotic
494:Bedouin
490:Rebecca
486:Genesis
456:nostril
357:of the
323:in the
321:Lakshmi
289:Genesis
285:Abraham
263:glacier
191:Germany
177:History
71:implant
7318:(mass)
7254:Bezoar
7160:Zircon
7120:Spinel
7095:Quartz
7030:Jasper
7015:Garnet
6911:Pewter
6896:Copper
6891:Bronze
6818:alloys
6807:Silver
6758:Pliers
6748:Hammer
6660:vacuum
6587:People
6580:Making
6564:pocket
6464:Brooch
6429:Anklet
6325:Hafada
6320:Frenum
6310:Fibula
6204:Guiche
6176:Nipple
6141:Corset
6115:Tongue
6074:Monroe
6059:Labret
6023:Tragus
5950:Spiral
5743:
5693:
5577:
5509:
5465:
5442:
5334:
5277:
5258:
5239:
5216:
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5178:
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4991:
4964:
4886:
4837:
4804:
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4631:
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4463:
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4302:
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4244:
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3822:
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3685:18 May
3346:
3246:
3126:. 2004
2601:
2429:
1665:keloid
1564:nickel
1505:Statim
1295:Kam Ma
1230:Talmud
1204:France
1118:public
1086:trance
919:Cryin'
902:Cryin'
879:, the
794:; and
765:Septum
761:Monroe
705:Borneo
670:, and
656:, and
630:Fakirs
514:Mayans
512:, the
510:Aztecs
498:Berber
452:septum
301:Exodus
291:35:4,
117:Nipple
85:steel
7322:Carat
7316:Carat
7304:Terms
7279:Shell
7233:Pearl
7223:Nacre
7213:Ivory
7201:Black
7196:Coral
7191:Copal
7181:Amber
7140:Topaz
7099:smoky
6970:Beryl
6950:Agate
6886:Brass
6731:Tools
6569:strap
6559:Watch
6534:Tiara
6479:Crown
6449:Bindi
6421:Forms
6330:Lorum
6305:Dydoe
6257:Labia
6209:Pubic
6181:Wrist
6166:Navel
6125:Uvula
6044:Cheek
5998:Helix
5993:Daith
5988:Conch
5796:Media
5702:(PDF)
5679:(PDF)
5536:7 May
4417:–52.
3675:"FAQ"
3653:(PDF)
3646:(PDF)
3156:(PDF)
3149:(PDF)
3082:(PDF)
3071:(PDF)
2425:Kumaz
1838:Notes
1766:sebum
1675:edema
1579:viral
1241:Dubai
1211:Bible
1047:Tamil
740:kumaz
731:Rashi
722:kumaz
709:glans
701:Dayak
634:Sufis
617:Olmec
610:Haida
603:Mursi
557:woman
555:Mursi
522:Incas
475:Hindu
448:Khond
348:plugs
344:Burma
340:Karen
325:Vedas
317:Hindu
305:Aaron
299:. In
297:idols
293:Jacob
7274:Hair
7105:Ruby
7080:Opal
7075:Onyx
7025:Jade
6787:Gold
6743:File
6529:Ring
6199:Anus
6171:Neck
6161:Nape
6079:Nose
6018:Snug
6013:Rook
5955:Stud
5940:Plug
5925:Claw
5741:PMID
5710:2008
5691:PMID
5667:2009
5639:2009
5575:ISBN
5538:2010
5507:ISBN
5494:2007
5463:ISBN
5440:ISBN
5427:2010
5406:2010
5384:2008
5358:2015
5332:ISBN
5308:2010
5275:ISBN
5256:ISBN
5237:ISBN
5214:ISBN
5195:ISBN
5176:ISBN
5153:ISBN
5140:link
5126:2009
5118:Camp
5076:ISBN
5063:2015
5039:2009
5013:ISBN
5000:2009
4989:PMID
4962:ISBN
4949:2015
4929:2009
4912:2010
4884:ISBN
4871:2015
4851:2008
4835:PMID
4802:PMID
4781:PMID
4758:ISBN
4741:PMID
4696:ISBN
4673:ISBN
4650:ISBN
4629:ISBN
4610:ISBN
4589:ISBN
4555:ISBN
4536:ISBN
4519:PMID
4476:Look
4461:ISBN
4442:ISBN
4419:ISBN
4398:2019
4372:ISBN
4353:2009
4324:ISBN
4311:2010
4300:PMID
4242:ISBN
4212:2009
4182:ISBN
4166:2009
3906:1999
3820:PMID
3687:2012
3661:2013
3479:2004
3432:2009
3399:2009
3374:2022
3344:ISSN
3273:2022
3193:2020
3164:2013
3132:2013
3107:2011
3090:2019
3054:2023
2823:2015
2667:2021
2638:2007
2636:Camp
2599:ISBN
2395:2007
1787:and
1663:and
1616:and
1593:and
1451:Cork
1434:The
1420:(or
1343:gold
1337:and
1329:and
1014:and
1000:and
849:BDSM
829:PFIQ
813:and
788:punk
767:and
632:and
587:Nuba
540:and
526:Kuna
502:Beja
500:and
454:and
421:and
329:Ukok
303:32,
119:and
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7218:Jet
6974:red
6151:Hip
6064:Lip
5731:doi
5594:Mic
4827:doi
4731:PMC
4723:doi
4509:PMC
4501:doi
4493:319
4290:PMC
4282:doi
4278:336
3810:PMC
3800:doi
1770:pus
1705:in
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1577:or
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