1668:
684:
799:
2917:
2566:
2554:
1678:
60:
2929:
980:
to connect the
Liaodong and Shandong peninsulas. When completed, the tunnel would be 106 kilometers (66 mi) long, making it twice as long as the channel tunnel connecting England and France. In July 2013, a modified plan was announced, involving a 123-kilometer (76 mi)-long tunnel between
1339:
Gustavson, J.B., and Gang, X.S., 1992, The
Suizhong 36-1 Oil Field, Bohai Gulf, Offshore China, In Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade, 1978–1988, AAPG Memoir 54, Halbouty, M.T., editor, Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists,
1302:
1321:
Sizhong, C., and Ping, W., 1980, Geology of Gudao Oil Field and
Surrounding Areas, in Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade: 1968–1978, AAPG Memoir 30, Halbouty, M.T., editor, Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists,
989:, Shandong. The tunnel was first proposed by officials in Yantai in 1992, but a clear plan remained elusive. In 2019, construction had still not started, and the proposed cost had reached 300 billion yuan ($ 43 billion USD).
274:, to which it connects via the Bohai Strait. It has a mean depth of approximately 18 meters (59 ft), with a maximum depth of about 80 meters (260 ft) located in the northern part of the Bohai Strait.
1299:
2627:
958:. Oil spills have been reported frequently in this region: three spills occurred in a two-month timeframe in 2011. In 2024, CNOOC discovered a 100 million ton oilfield in Bohai Sea.
691:
There are five major ports along the Bohai Sea rim, with throughputs over 100 million tons, though the port of
Tangshan is further subdivided into Jingtang and Caofeidian:
1472:
1228:
2672:
1422:
547:. Due to its proximity to the capital city Beijing and the population of its surrounding provinces exceeding 210 million, the exit of the Bohai Gulf to the
1056:
1444:
1052:"Sea-level and climate signatures recorded in orbitally-forced continental margin deposits over the last 1 Myr: New perspectives from the Bohai Sea"
903:
The Bohai Bay contains significant oil and gas reserves, which provide much of China's offshore production. The main field in the region, named
2948:
927:, was discovered in 1968, based on gravity, magnetic and seismic surveys conducted between 1963 and 1964. The reservoir includes the Guantao (
2737:
326:
282:
3007:
2604:
364:, as evidenced by sediment cores sampled from the seafloor showing fluvial floodplain conditions during intervals of low sea level.
1050:
Yao, Zhengquan; Shi, Xuefa; Liu, Yanguang; Kandasamy, Selvaraj; Qiao, Shuqing; Li, Xiaoyan; Bai, Yazhi; Zhu, Aimei (15 July 2020).
786:
are also traditionally considered part of the Bohai rim, even though strictly speaking they lie outside the limits of the sea. The
1499:
1369:
1356:
912:
1713:
1187:
1272:
2997:
1615:
1229:"Paleosalinity and lake level fluctuations of the 3rd Member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation, Chezhen Sag, Bohai Bay Basin"
3002:
790:
reached 70 million tons of cargo in 2013, and is expected to reach the 100 million ton landmark in the near future.
391:
widely used in the West at the time rendered these names as variations of "Jili", "Chihli", "Pechihli", or "Pe-Chihli".
399:
were historic provinces in an area surrounding
Beijing that approximately corresponds to what is now Hebei Province.
2664:
1345:
1327:
172:
2755:
2597:
207:
333:
makes it one of the busiest seaways in the world. The entrance to the Bohai Sea is considered a part of the
17:
1051:
1492:
1408:
2760:
1932:
1706:
151:
1284:
687:
China MSA's
Seaways Plan for the Bohai Sea. Planned routes follow closely the seaways currently in use
2933:
2897:
2750:
488:
2867:
2590:
1608:
907:, has been exploited since the 1960s. It still produces about half a million barrels a day, but is
286:
1884:
388:
2992:
2872:
2852:
2205:
1485:
778:
Caofeidian and
Jingtang are usually treated as one port for statistical purposes. The ports of
38:
27:
The innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea and Korea Bay on the coast of
Northeastern and North China
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1699:
528:
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2649:
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8:
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564:
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936:
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Until the early 20th century, Bo Hai was often called the Gulf of Zhili (Chinese:
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1849:
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1341:
1323:
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1077:
924:
904:
560:
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472:
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361:
135:
127:
1191:
467:. There are a few important oil reserves in the vicinity of the gulf, including the
2882:
2816:
2808:
2368:
2220:
1771:
1691:
1240:
1227:
Sun, Long; Zhang, Jinliang; Li, Yang; Yan, Xue; Zhang, Xuecai (20 September 2022).
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709:
536:
266:
approximately 77,000 km (30,000 sq mi) in area on the east coast of
235:
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563:
traversing the southern half of the strait, the strait is subdivided into several
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2438:
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2017:
2002:
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1644:
1288:
916:
783:
779:
492:
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267:
113:
1244:
915:(CNOOC) was mostly created for this region), but foreign companies, including
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2378:
2270:
2240:
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2215:
2195:
2122:
2092:
2047:
2037:
2012:
1992:
1962:
1942:
1854:
1829:
1682:
1445:"China Mulls Next Super Project: The Longest Undersea Tunnel - Caixin Global"
1394:
1098:
523:
The opening of the Bohai Sea is bounded by the
Changshan Archipelago between
468:
423:
that have a coastline to the Bohai Sea are, from the south going clockwise:
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1821:
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1547:
1398:, "China To Build Undersea Tunnel Crossing Bohai Strait", 18 February 2011.
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200:
99:
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408:
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1477:
943:. The Suizhong 36-1 Oil Field was discovered in 1987, and produces from
798:
341:. China declared the Bohai sea to be part of its inland waters in 1958.
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955:
944:
940:
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165:
31:
1413:
China plans world's longest sea tunnel at $ 42 billion -report"
559:), has become one of busiest sea routes in recent times. Due to the
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2836:
2613:
2506:
2496:
2463:
2418:
2388:
2383:
2283:
1864:
1796:
1572:
1537:
1359:. Offshore Energy Today (12 July 2011). Retrieved on 3 August 2011.
932:
908:
885:
870:
858:
853:
811:
432:
424:
314:
294:
186:
2582:
1149:"Gard Alert: Bohai Sea, China – fines for discharge of pollutants"
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2255:
1417:
947:
928:
890:
880:
836:
831:
821:
640:
428:
330:
306:
1593:
59:
2702:
998:
986:
982:
875:
826:
816:
803:
524:
243:
435:. Some of the major rivers draining into the gulf include the
325:, and its proximity to the Chinese capital of Beijing and the
2623:
2527:
1722:
1628:
973:
843:
471:. Important islands or island groups in the gulf include the
392:
337:
of the People's
Republic of China due to the presence of the
302:
290:
212:
1357:
China: Third Oil Spill in Bohai Sea in Less than Two Months
259:
2532:
1624:
793:
191:
177:
1370:"China's CNOOC discovers 100m ton oilfield in Bohai Sea"
270:. It is the northwestern and innermost extension of the
156:
1045:
1043:
923:, are present. The Gudao Field, located in the Zhanhua
674:), is the nearest to the shore but also the shallowest
570:(from north to south, the most commonly used ones in
132:
118:
104:
1721:
1040:
1049:
407:There are three major bays inside the Bohai Gulf:
1057:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2979:
1266:
2598:
1707:
1609:
1493:
1473:Unep Reports – Regional Definition: Bohai Sea
1226:
911:. Production is dominated by Chinese majors (
669:
659:
649:
634:
622:
613:
604:
595:
582:
72:
253:
2605:
2591:
1714:
1700:
1616:
1602:
1500:
1486:
1317:
1315:
58:
1507:
1333:
976:announced that it would build a road and
421:provincial-level administrative divisions
898:
797:
682:
1312:
1300:Roc Oil begins Bohai Bay oil production
1174:"Civilization on the North China Plain"
913:China National Offshore Oil Corporation
14:
2980:
1425:from the original on 24 September 2015
1275:. US Energy Information Administration
794:Major cities along the Bohai Sea coast
134:
2586:
1695:
1597:
1481:
1099:"四大海域，为什么只有渤海属于内海，领海内允许他国船只航行吗？_腾讯新闻"
353:, the Bohai Sea experienced numerous
2928:
2612:
978:rail tunnel across the Bohai Strait
277:The Bohai Sea is enclosed by three
24:
961:
543:on the northernmost protrusion of
25:
3024:
3008:Bodies of water of the Yellow Sea
1623:
1466:
670:
660:
650:
635:
623:
614:
605:
596:
583:
2927:
2916:
2915:
2898:Temple and Cemetery of Confucius
2565:
2564:
2552:
1676:
1666:
283:direct-administered municipality
1437:
1401:
1387:
1362:
1350:
1293:
1278:
639:), is the most direct route to
518:
213:
192:
178:
157:
1285:Asia Pacific & Middle East
1220:
1206:
1180:
1166:
1141:
1116:
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727:
717:
713:
703:
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678:
556:
552:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:, the East/West Mayi Islands (
480:
476:
383:
378:
373:
368:
248:
133:
119:
105:
73:
13:
1:
2756:China University of Petroleum
1019:
431:(Tientsin), Hebei again, and
1309:. Bairdmaritime. 14 May 2009
1070:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109736
402:
7:
2998:Metropolitan areas of China
1214:"丹东港吞吐量突破1亿吨 正式跻身大港俱乐部-中新网"
992:
591:, is the widest and deepest
321:). It is the center of the
10:
3029:
3003:Gulfs of the Pacific Ocean
2761:Shandong Normal University
1933:American Mediterranean Sea
1233:Frontiers of Earth Science
965:
344:
36:
29:
2911:
2893:Qingdao beach resort city
2845:
2807:
2769:
2751:Ocean University of China
2736:
2663:
2635:
2621:
2546:
2520:
2487:
2269:
2176:
1908:
1820:
1737:
1663:
1635:
1513:
1245:10.1007/s11707-022-0979-0
239:
224:
206:
199:
185:
171:
164:
150:
143:
126:
112:
98:
91:
86:
82:
66:
57:
53:
48:
2868:Thousand Buddha Mountain
1739:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
1014:
30:Not to be confused with
1885:Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea
531:on the southern tip of
377:) or Gulf of Beizhili (
258:'Bo Sea') is a
2853:List of sites in Jinan
2206:Great Australian Bight
807:
688:
561:Changshan Island Chain
39:Bohai (disambiguation)
1508:Notable bays of China
1305:16 March 2012 at the
1128:www.marineregions.org
939:within the dome-like
899:Hydrocarbon resources
801:
686:
654:), also known as the
621:South Tuoji Channel (
612:North Tuoji Channel (
587:), also known as the
473:Changshan Archipelago
285:from three different
2708:Grand Canal of China
2053:Gulf of St. Lawrence
1449:www.caixinglobal.com
866:Tianjin municipality
551:, the Bohai Strait (
389:romanization systems
307:Tianjin Municipality
37:For other uses, see
2960: /
2846:Visitor attractions
2746:Shandong University
2354:Gulf of Carpentaria
2148:Sea of the Hebrides
1777:King Haakon VII Sea
968:Bohai Strait tunnel
937:geologic formations
931:) and Minghuazhen (
589:Lau-ti-shan Channel
2794:Jiao Liao Mandarin
2789:Zhongyuan Mandarin
2693:Shandong Peninsula
2683:North China craton
2349:Gulf of California
2246:Mozambique Channel
1890:Queen Victoria Sea
1752:Bellingshausen Sea
1523:Bohai Economic Rim
1009:Bohai Economic Rim
972:In February 2011,
808:
689:
579:Laotieshan Channel
545:Shandong Peninsula
533:Liaodong Peninsula
529:Lüshunkou District
507:) and She Island (
459:, Xiaoling River,
419:to the north. The
323:Bohai Economic Rim
2943:
2942:
2678:North China Plain
2580:
2579:
2559:Oceans portal
2108:Mediterranean Sea
2058:Gulf of Venezuela
1850:East Siberian Sea
1792:Riiser-Larsen Sea
1689:
1688:
1683:Oceans portal
1591:
1590:
1273:China. Background
925:sedimentary basin
631:Changshan Channel
603:Xiaoqin Channel (
475:, Juehua Island (
415:to the west, and
315:Shandong Province
295:Liaoning Province
256:
228:
227:
220:
219:
173:Yale Romanization
93:Standard Mandarin
16:(Redirected from
3020:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2931:
2930:
2919:
2918:
2883:Great Wall of Qi
2817:Shandong cuisine
2607:
2600:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2568:
2567:
2557:
2556:
2489:Endorheic basins
2369:Gulf of Thailand
2221:Gulf of Khambhat
1716:
1709:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1681:
1680:
1673:China portal
1671:
1670:
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1618:
1611:
1604:
1595:
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1479:
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1432:
1430:
1421:. 11 July 2013.
1412:
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1217:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1190:. Archived from
1184:
1178:
1177:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1124:"Marine Regions"
1120:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1004:Bohai Commandery
773:
769:
764:Port of Huanghua
759:
749:
744:Port of Tangshan
739:
734:Port of Tangshan
729:
724:Port of Jingtang
719:
715:
710:Qinhuangdao Port
705:
701:
673:
672:
663:
662:
653:
652:
646:Dengzhou Channel
638:
637:
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625:
617:
616:
608:
607:
599:
598:
586:
585:
558:
554:
514:
510:
506:
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498:
489:Changxing Island
482:
478:
385:
380:
375:
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257:
254:
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241:
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215:
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84:
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62:
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45:
21:
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3019:
3018:
3017:
2978:
2977:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2939:
2907:
2841:
2822:Braised Chicken
2803:
2799:Qingdao dialect
2765:
2732:
2659:
2631:
2617:
2611:
2581:
2576:
2551:
2542:
2516:
2483:
2459:South China Sea
2439:Seto Inland Sea
2359:Gulf of Fonseca
2265:
2172:
2023:Gulf of Finland
2018:Gulf of Bothnia
2003:English Channel
1973:Bay of Campeche
1938:Archipelago Sea
1904:
1860:Gulf of Boothia
1816:
1757:Cooperation Sea
1733:
1720:
1690:
1685:
1675:
1667:
1665:
1659:
1650:South China Sea
1631:
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1587:
1509:
1506:
1469:
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1463:
1453:
1451:
1443:
1442:
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1428:
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1407:
1406:
1402:
1392:
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1355:
1351:
1338:
1334:
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1313:
1307:Wayback Machine
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985:, Liaoning and
970:
964:
962:Tunnel crossing
954:and lacustrine
921:Roc Oil Company
901:
802:Rocky shore in
796:
788:Port of Longkou
696:Port of Yingkou
681:
656:Miaodao Channel
594:Daqin Channel (
521:
499:), Zhu Island (
405:
384:Běizhílì Hǎiwān
347:
339:Miaodao islands
335:territorial sea
299:Northeast China
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2784:Ji Lu Mandarin
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1289:ConocoPhillips
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1239:(4): 949–962.
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1194:on 24 May 2021
1188:"State of Yan"
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493:Xizhong Island
485:Bijia Mountain
441:Xiaoqing River
411:to the south,
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371:; pinyin:
358:transgressions
355:glacioeustatic
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303:Hebei Province
268:Mainland China
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2920:
2888:Penglai City
2878:Pizhi Pagoda
2858:Baotu Spring
2832:Moo shu pork
2722:
2713:Weishan Lake
2698:Yellow River
2569:
2550:
2424:Sea of Japan
2303:
2299:Bismarck Sea
2251:Persian Gulf
2236:Gulf of Suez
2231:Gulf of Oman
2211:Gulf of Aden
2178:Indian Ocean
2158:Thracian Sea
2143:Sea of Crete
2133:Sea of Åland
2128:Sargasso Sea
2103:Ligurian Sea
2088:Labrador Sea
2078:Irminger Sea
2033:Gulf of Lion
1988:Bothnian Sea
1978:Bay of Fundy
1953:Balearic Sea
1918:Adriatic Sea
1840:Beaufort Sea
1822:Arctic Ocean
1747:Amundsen Sea
1654:
1568:Liaodong Bay
1553:Jiaozhou Bay
1548:Hangzhou Bay
1527:
1452:. Retrieved
1448:
1439:
1427:. Retrieved
1416:
1403:
1393:
1389:
1377:. Retrieved
1373:
1364:
1352:
1335:
1295:
1280:
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
1236:
1232:
1222:
1208:
1196:. Retrieved
1192:the original
1182:
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1127:
1118:
1106:. Retrieved
1102:
1093:
1081:. Retrieved
1061:
1055:
1036:(in Chinese)
1028:
971:
902:
777:
754:Tianjin Port
746:Caofeidian (
690:
665:
655:
645:
630:
588:
578:
571:
569:
522:
519:Bohai Strait
465:Daliao River
457:Daling River
437:Yellow River
417:Liaodong Bay
406:
382:
374:Zhílì Hǎiwān
372:
366:
348:
327:municipality
276:
247:
231:
229:
201:Southern Min
152:Romanization
100:Hanyu Pinyin
43:
18:Bohai Strait
2969:38.7; 119.9
2967: /
2863:Daming Lake
2718:Laizhou Bay
2502:Caspian Sea
2474:Visayan Sea
2454:Solomon Sea
2449:Sibuyan Sea
2444:Shantar Sea
2399:Molucca Sea
2394:Mar de Grau
2324:Chilean Sea
2319:Celebes Sea
2314:Camotes Sea
2279:Arafura Sea
2191:Arabian Sea
2186:Andaman Sea
2138:Sea of Azov
2113:Myrtoan Sea
1928:Alboran Sea
1880:Pechora Sea
1875:Lincoln Sea
1845:Chukchi Sea
1835:Barents Sea
1812:Weddell Sea
1782:Lazarev Sea
1563:Laizhou Bay
1543:Haitang Bay
1374:Nikkei Asia
1153:www.gard.no
849:Qinhuangdao
679:Major ports
409:Laizhou Bay
397:North Zhili
362:regressions
351:Pleistocene
349:During the
311:North China
3013:China Seas
2982:Categories
2827:Haw flakes
2728:Yellow Sea
2538:Superocean
2512:Salton Sea
2479:Yellow Sea
2469:Tasman Sea
2414:Salish Sea
2294:Bering Sea
2201:Flores Sea
2168:Wadden Sea
2098:Libyan Sea
2068:Ionian Sea
2063:Hudson Bay
2008:Foxe Basin
1998:Celtic Sea
1958:Baltic Sea
1948:Baffin Bay
1923:Aegean Sea
1895:Wandel Sea
1870:Laptev Sea
1802:Scotia Sea
1787:Mawson Sea
1640:Yellow Sea
1583:Yalong Bay
1533:Dalian Bay
1346:0891813330
1328:0891813063
1258:24 January
1103:new.qq.com
1083:5 November
1064:: 109736.
1020:References
956:sandstones
806:, Liaoning
549:Yellow Sea
535:, and the
461:Liao River
449:Luan River
319:East China
272:Yellow Sea
264:inland sea
114:Wade–Giles
2988:Bohai Sea
2738:Education
2723:Bohai Sea
2688:Mount Tai
2665:Geography
2434:Seram Sea
2404:Moro Gulf
2329:Coral Sea
2309:Bohol Sea
2304:Bohai Sea
2289:Banda Sea
2261:Timor Sea
2118:North Sea
2083:James Bay
2073:Irish Sea
1983:Black Sea
1900:White Sea
1807:Somov Sea
1767:Davis Sea
1655:Bohai Sea
1578:Sanya Bay
1558:Korea Bay
1528:Bohai Sea
1518:Bohai Bay
1454:23 August
1253:252424192
1078:216519749
1033:中华人民共和国版图
945:Oligocene
941:anticline
909:declining
453:Dai River
445:Hai River
427:, Hebei,
413:Bohai Bay
403:Geography
279:provinces
232:Bohai Sea
214:Phu̍t hái
49:Bohai Sea
32:Bohai Bay
2955:119°54′E
2922:Category
2903:Shou Qiu
2837:Sha tang
2779:Lü opera
2650:Politics
2614:Shandong
2571:Category
2507:Dead Sea
2497:Aral Sea
2464:Sulu Sea
2419:Savu Sea
2389:Koro Sea
2384:Java Sea
2284:Bali Sea
1865:Kara Sea
1797:Ross Sea
1573:Mirs Bay
1538:Daya Bay
1423:Archived
1379:18 March
1303:Archived
1158:25 March
1133:25 March
1108:25 March
993:See also
933:Pliocene
886:Dongying
871:Shandong
859:Cangzhou
854:Tangshan
812:Liaoning
565:channels
433:Liaoning
425:Shandong
281:and one
187:Jyutping
179:Buht hói
2952:38°42′N
2934:Commons
2809:Cuisine
2771:Culture
2655:Economy
2645:History
2637:General
2628:capital
2256:Red Sea
1429:30 June
1418:Reuters
952:deltaic
948:fluvial
929:Miocene
905:Shengli
891:Binzhou
881:Weifang
837:Huludao
832:Jinzhou
822:Yingkou
641:Tianjin
541:Penglai
429:Tianjin
387:). The
345:History
331:Tianjin
313:), and
287:regions
236:Chinese
193:But hoi
158:Poh hae
68:Chinese
2703:Hai He
2673:Cities
2616:topics
2521:Others
1727:oceans
1344:
1326:
1251:
1198:24 May
1076:
999:Balhae
987:Yantai
983:Dalian
876:Yantai
827:Panjin
817:Dalian
804:Dalian
784:Yantai
780:Dalian
525:Dalian
249:Bó Hǎi
246::
244:pinyin
238::
208:Tâi-lô
120:Po hai
106:Bó Hǎi
2624:Jinan
2528:Ocean
1723:Earth
1629:China
1411:'
1249:S2CID
1074:S2CID
1015:Notes
974:China
844:Hebei
664:) or
624:南砣矶水道
615:北砣矶水道
584:老铁山水道
393:Zhili
379:北直隸海灣
291:China
1731:seas
1729:and
1625:Seas
1456:2024
1431:2017
1381:2024
1342:ISBN
1324:ISBN
1260:2023
1200:2021
1160:2023
1135:2023
1110:2023
1085:2022
919:and
782:and
748:曹妃甸港
718:秦皇島港
671:庙岛海峡
661:庙岛水道
651:登州水道
636:长山水道
606:小钦水道
597:大钦水道
572:bold
557:渤海海峽
553:渤海海峡
537:Cape
463:and
395:and
369:直隸海灣
360:and
317:(of
309:(of
305:and
297:(of
260:gulf
255:lit.
230:The
2533:Sea
1725:'s
1627:of
1241:doi
1066:doi
1062:550
772:黃驊港
768:黄骅港
758:天津港
738:唐山港
728:京唐港
714:秦皇岛
704:營口港
700:营口港
539:of
527:'s
515:).
497:蚂蚁岛
483:),
481:覺華島
477:觉华岛
329:of
301:),
289:of
128:IPA
2984::
1447:.
1415:.
1372:.
1314:^
1287:.
1247:.
1237:16
1235:.
1231:.
1151:.
1126:.
1101:.
1072:.
1060:.
1054:.
1042:^
935:)
770:;
716:;
702:;
574:)
567::
555:;
513:蛇島
511:;
509:蛇岛
505:豬島
503:;
501:猪岛
491:,
487:,
479:;
455:,
451:,
447:,
443:,
439:,
381:;
252:;
242:;
240:渤海
145:Wu
75:渤海
2630:)
2626:(
2606:e
2599:t
2592:v
1715:e
1708:t
1701:v
1617:e
1610:t
1603:v
1501:e
1494:t
1487:v
1458:.
1433:.
1409:"
1383:.
1262:.
1243::
1216:.
1202:.
1176:.
1162:.
1137:.
1112:.
1087:.
1068::
950:-
774:)
766:(
760:)
756:(
750:)
740:)
736:(
730:)
726:(
720:)
712:(
706:)
698:(
668:(
658:(
648:(
633:(
627:)
618:)
609:)
600:)
581:(
293:—
262:/
234:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
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