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371:, who was married to the King of Württemberg. Some eight years later, Yekaterinenfeld was pillaged by what were described as "Tartars", who burned down the German colony and massacred many of its inhabitants. In the early 20th century, Yekaterinenfeld had a mainly German and Russian population of 2,332.
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There are still remnants of the German past in
Bolnisi. A small graveyard and plaque acknowledges the German influence in the village. A small street called Mill Street has evidence of 19th-century German architecture and a few signs in the German language that date from the early 20th century.
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The main occupations of the colonist
Germans were viticulture, horticulture, fruit growing and cattle breeding. At the same time, irrigation, underground drainage and irrigation canals were constructed in Yekaterinenfeld, as well as wine, cognac and cheese factories, and leather and furniture
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goldmine and contains a room on the German settlers, across four halls. The museum building was designed by Gaga
Kiknadze. The concept of the exhibition was developed by Lina López. The Bolnisi Museum was nominated for the European Museum of the Year Awards in 2021.
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archaeological site, which is on the tentative list of UNESCO World
Heritage sites, for the "richest and most complete collection of indisputable early Homo remains outside of Africa". Starting with these
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factories. The town's contemporary economy is mostly agrarian with the notable exceptions of a winery, brewery, and a gold mine in the nearby village of
Kazreti.
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On 31 December 1967, the settlement of
Bolnisi received the status of a city. In 1980, the city water supply network was built.
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callous policy on ethnic groups, all
Germans residents of Luxemburg who were not married to ethnic Georgians were deported to
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1262:] (in Russian) (65th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1910. Archived from
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Whilst a German colony within the
Russian Empire, Bolnisi had cycling, gymnast, and football teams in the 19th century.
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elements in its stonework. The original roof is missing but has been replaced with a modern covering.
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An airfield near the city was reported to have been bombed by Russia on August 8, 2008, during the
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from the
Bolnisi church, carved in the late 5th century, is one of the oldest dated specimens of
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415:. On 3 April 1943, the town was finally renamed to Bolnisi, which remained unchanged after the
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1427:"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Bolnisi-37621"
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Studies In
Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts
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Highest recorded temperature: 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) on 31 July 2011.
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2020:
1475:. National Centers for Environmental Information. p. 4. Archived from
1473:"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010 - Georgia"
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Lowest recorded temperature:−14.8 °C (5.4 °F) on 8 January 2008.
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1378:"Brand-new museum in Bolnisi town unveiled for International Museum Day"
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328:. It currently has an estimated 8,348 (January 1, 2024) inhabitants.
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and a designation used by many of their churches). This three-nave
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team which currently plays in the top tier league in Georgia, the
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356:. Upon the arrival of the German colonists, the town was renamed
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A blogpost with fotos of former "german" houses in Bolnisi
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Climate data for Bolnisi (1991–2020, extremes 1981-2020)
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Bolnisi was settled by 95 German colonist families from
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church dates to the 5th century AD and features some
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in 1921, Yekaterinenfeld was eponymously renamed to
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1438:National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration
540:, a football club founded in 1936, play at the
1239:Katharinenfeld, ein deutsches Dorf im Kaukasus
1178:The history of The Caucasus Germans in Georgia
489:. It mentions Bishop David of Bolnisi and two
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1356:"Bolnisi Museum — the longest human journey"
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66:Learn how and when to remove this message
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29:This article includes a list of general
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1200:. National Statistics Office of Georgia
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1327:"Dmanisi Hominid Archaeological Site"
462:structure in Georgia. It is known as
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399:) for the renown German communist
35:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1255:Кавказский календарь на 1910 год
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1563:Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia
1354:Gutbrod, Hans (1 August 2022).
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442:Religion and Cultural Heritage
403:. In 1941, in accordance with
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78:Place in Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
1:
1663:Autonomous Republic of Adjara
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2352:Cities with local government
1236:Allmendinger, Ernst (1989).
348:in 1818, whilst part of the
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1260:Caucasian calendar for 1910
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1061:Average precipitation days
847:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
707:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
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1457:: CS1 maint: postscript (
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560:Rugby Club Kochebi Bolnisi
466:(Sioni being Georgian for
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360:in honor of the sister of
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1402:. Agenda.GE. 17 May 2022
1380:. Agenda.GE. 19 May 2020
1308:, p. 316. Peeters Bvba,
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417:fall of the Soviet Union
380:Sovietization of Georgia
340:The town hall of Bolnisi
187:Show map of Kvemo Kartli
1198:"Population by regions"
562:is a semi-professional
50:more precise citations.
2001:Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti
542:Tamaz Stepania Stadium
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1173:Bolnisi inscriptions
637:Record high °C (°F)
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777:Daily mean °C (°F)
350:Georgia Governorate
212: /
157:Show map of Georgia
2438:Tiflis Governorate
2070:Samtskhe-Javakheti
1510:Tourism in Bolnisi
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427:Russia-Georgia war
376:Russian Revolution
369:Ekaterina Pavlovna
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287: • Total
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1934:Mtskheta-Mtianeti
1482:on 9 October 2021
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1110:relative humidity
320:, located in the
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989:precipitation
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579:
571:
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538:Sioni Bolnisi
535:
527:
524:
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511:
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502:
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492:
488:
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481:A dedication
479:
477:
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469:
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464:Bolnisi Sioni
461:
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197:Coordinates:
195:
169:
139:
129:
119:
109:
101:
97:
92:
82:
70:
67:
59:
56:February 2021
49:
45:
39:
38:
32:
27:
18:
17:
2404:
2398:Capital city
2386:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2292:
2285:Shida Kartli
2272:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2207:
2200:
2193:Kvemo Kartli
2178:
2171:
2154:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2077:
2057:
2050:
2008:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1941:
1881:
1861:
1804:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1730:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1670:
1635:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1578:Akhali Atoni
1570:
1484:. Retrieved
1477:the original
1467:
1441:. Retrieved
1433:
1404:. Retrieved
1394:
1382:. Retrieved
1372:
1360:. Retrieved
1334:. Retrieved
1330:
1321:
1305:
1286:
1272:
1264:the original
1259:
1254:
1248:
1238:
1231:
1214:
1202:. Retrieved
1192:
991:mm (inches)
580:
577:
558:
548:; they were
536:
533:
507:
503:
480:
453:
436:
424:
421:
383:
373:
357:
343:
322:Kvemo Kartli
303:
302:
299:
263:Municipality
256:Kvemo Kartli
62:
53:
34:
2223:Tetritsqaro
2095:Ninotsminda
2085:Akhalkalaki
2079:Akhaltsikhe
2052:Chkhorotsqu
2046:Tsalenjikha
1744:Chokhatauri
564:Rugby Union
365:Alexander I
219: /
48:introducing
2422:Categories
2310:Tskhinvali
2156:Ambrolauri
2106:Abastumani
1863:Kharagauli
1738:Lanchkhuti
1705:Ochkhamuri
1603:Tkvarcheli
1598:Ochamchire
1358:. OC-Media
1184:References
1063:(≥ 1.0 mm)
413:Kazakhstan
397:Люксембург
282:Population
31:references
2253:Khramhesi
2213:Gardabani
2127:Bakuriani
1962:Pasanauri
1955:Akhalgori
1919:Sighnaghi
1909:Lagodekhi
1857:Zestaponi
1847:Tsqaltubo
1832:Samtredia
1827:Sachkhere
1712:Shuakhevi
1630:Leselidze
1623:Gulripshi
1609:Bichvinta
1486:9 October
1436:(Excel).
1278:"Болниси"
460:Christian
389:‹See Tfd›
384:Luxemburg
274:Elevation
2315:Khashuri
2274:Trialeti
2267:Tamarisi
2260:Manglisi
2228:Marneuli
2173:Lentekhi
2134:Tsagveri
2120:Aspindza
2031:Martvili
1990:Zhinvali
1943:Mtskheta
1914:Sagarejo
1899:Gurjaani
1817:Chiatura
1812:Baghdati
1758:Gomismta
1751:Bakhmaro
1732:Ozurgeti
1678:Kobuleti
1616:Gantiadi
1453:cite web
1443:17 March
1362:1 August
1204:28 April
1167:See also
1156:Source:
1108:Average
1056:(20.02)
987:Average
702:(104.4)
677:(102.6)
672:(104.4)
523:Sakdrisi
499:Kavadh I
491:Sassanid
472:basilica
405:Stalin's
378:and the
308:Georgian
2428:Bolnisi
2406:Tbilisi
2388:Rustavi
2374:Kutaisi
2360:Tbilisi
2342:Kornisi
2246:Kazreti
2239:Bediani
2218:Dmanisi
2208:Bolnisi
2202:Rustavi
2167:Tsageri
2113:Adigeni
2090:Borjomi
2010:Zugdidi
1983:Tianeti
1949:Dusheti
1904:Kvareli
1889:Akhmeta
1874:Kakheti
1842:Tkibuli
1837:Terjola
1806:Kutaisi
1797:Imereti
1765:Laituri
1637:Miusera
1593:Gudauta
1572:Sukhumi
1555:Georgia
1051:(0.82)
1046:(1.43)
1041:(1.98)
1036:(1.56)
1031:(1.24)
1026:(1.50)
1021:(2.59)
1016:(2.95)
1011:(2.70)
1006:(1.61)
1001:(0.93)
996:(0.71)
972:(19.0)
967:(29.3)
962:(40.1)
957:(48.2)
952:(49.3)
947:(42.8)
942:(33.1)
937:(20.7)
932:(15.8)
912:(47.3)
907:(31.5)
902:(38.7)
897:(49.8)
892:(59.0)
887:(66.7)
882:(66.7)
877:(61.0)
872:(53.4)
867:(45.0)
862:(36.9)
857:(30.2)
852:(28.9)
842:(55.6)
837:(37.9)
832:(45.3)
827:(57.4)
822:(68.0)
817:(77.0)
812:(76.8)
807:(71.1)
802:(62.6)
797:(53.6)
792:(45.1)
787:(37.6)
782:(35.4)
772:(65.8)
767:(46.8)
762:(54.3)
757:(66.9)
752:(78.8)
747:(88.3)
742:(88.2)
737:(82.4)
732:(73.2)
727:(64.2)
722:(55.4)
717:(47.1)
712:(44.6)
697:(72.0)
692:(79.7)
687:(87.8)
682:(98.2)
667:(98.8)
662:(90.7)
657:(95.0)
652:(81.9)
647:(72.0)
642:(68.4)
574:Climate
568:Didi 10
554:in 2006
514:Dmanisi
495:Peroz I
433:Economy
409:Siberia
393:Russian
352:of the
332:History
318:Georgia
313:ბოლნისი
304:Bolnisi
268:Bolnisi
244:Georgia
232:Country
207:44°32′E
204:41°27′N
181:Bolnisi
151:Bolnisi
88:ბოლნისი
85:Bolnisi
44:improve
2367:Batumi
2335:Surami
2305:Kareli
2233:Tsalka
2180:Kvaisa
2059:Mestia
2041:Senaki
2016:Abasha
1924:Tsnori
1883:Telavi
1772:Naruja
1684:Chakvi
1672:Batumi
1406:29 May
1384:31 May
1336:30 May
1331:UNESCO
1312:
1280:. БСЭ.
982:(5.4)
977:(6.1)
927:(5.7)
922:(5.4)
593:Month
493:kings
346:Swabia
310::
251:Mkhare
241:
33:, but
2321:Agara
2300:Kaspi
2026:Khobi
2021:Jvari
1969:Sioni
1822:Khoni
1786:Ureki
1723:Guria
1698:Khulo
1583:Gagra
1480:(XLS)
1430:(CSV)
1258:[
1223:(PDF)
1151:67.4
1145:72.9
1142:70.9
1139:64.6
1136:58.3
1133:60.5
1130:65.4
1124:69.3
1118:69.2
1115:70.2
1103:79.3
1079:11.8
1054:508.4
980:−14.8
975:−14.4
925:−14.6
920:−14.8
632:Year
552:once
530:Sport
476:pagan
290:8,348
2381:Poti
2328:Java
2294:Gori
2100:Vale
2036:Poti
1852:Vani
1691:Keda
1588:Gali
1488:2021
1459:link
1445:2024
1408:2022
1386:2022
1364:2022
1338:2022
1310:ISBN
1206:2024
1158:NCEI
1112:(%)
1100:4.3
1097:5.8
1094:7.3
1091:5.7
1088:5.1
1085:6.3
1082:8.7
1076:9.5
1073:6.3
1070:4.7
1067:3.8
1049:20.8
1044:36.4
1039:50.2
1034:39.6
1029:31.6
1024:38.0
1019:65.8
1014:74.9
1009:68.6
1004:40.8
999:23.7
994:18.0
970:−7.2
965:−1.5
935:−6.3
930:−9.0
905:−0.3
890:15.0
885:19.3
880:19.3
875:16.1
870:11.9
855:−1.0
850:−1.7
840:13.1
825:14.1
820:20.0
815:25.0
810:24.9
805:21.7
800:17.0
795:12.0
770:18.8
760:12.4
755:19.4
750:26.0
745:31.3
740:31.2
735:28.0
730:22.9
725:17.9
720:13.0
700:40.2
695:22.2
690:26.5
685:31.0
680:36.8
675:39.2
670:40.2
665:37.1
660:32.6
655:35.0
650:27.7
645:22.2
640:20.2
629:Dec
626:Nov
623:Oct
620:Sep
617:Aug
614:Jul
611:Jun
608:May
605:Apr
602:Mar
599:Feb
596:Jan
508:The
497:and
468:Zion
411:and
362:Tsar
122:Seal
112:Flag
2162:Oni
1553:in
1148:71
1127:70
1121:67
960:4.5
955:9.0
950:9.6
945:6.0
940:0.6
910:8.5
900:3.7
895:9.9
865:7.2
860:2.7
835:3.3
830:7.4
790:7.3
785:3.1
780:1.9
765:8.2
715:8.4
710:7.0
2424::
1455:}}
1451:{{
1432:.
1416:^
1346:^
1329:.
1297:^
570:.
556:.
501:.
429:.
419:.
395::
367:,
1543:e
1536:t
1529:v
1490:.
1461:)
1447:.
1410:.
1388:.
1366:.
1340:.
1316:.
1242:.
1225:.
1208:.
386:(
306:(
69:)
63:(
58:)
54:(
40:.
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