2504:
2345:
a higher budget. One of the common methods the
Bolsheviks used was committing bank robberies, one of which, in 1907, resulted in the party getting over 250,000 roubles, which is the equivalent of about $ 125,000. Bolsheviks were in constant need of money because Lenin practised his beliefs, expressed in his writings, that revolutions must be led by individuals who devote their entire lives to the cause. As compensation, he rewarded them with salaries for their sacrifice and dedication. This measure was taken to help ensure that the revolutionaries stayed focused on their duties and motivated them to perform their jobs. Lenin also used the party money to print and copy pamphlets which were distributed in cities and at political rallies in an attempt to expand their operations. Both factions received funds through donations from wealthy supporters.
45:
987:
2349:
1831:. Martov, until then a close friend of Lenin, agreed with him that the core of the party should consist of professional revolutionaries, but he argued that party membership should be open to sympathizers, revolutionary workers, and other fellow travellers. The two had disagreed on the issue as early as March–May 1903, but it was not until the Congress that their differences became irreconcilable and split the party. At first, the disagreement appeared to be minor and inspired by personal conflicts. For example, Lenin's insistence on dropping less active editorial board members from
2316:
1816:, wanted to limit membership to those who supported the party full-time and worked in complete obedience to the elected party leadership. Martov wanted to extend membership to anyone "who recognises the Party Programme and supports it by material means and by regular personal assistance under the direction of one of the party's organisations." Lenin believed his plan would develop a core group of professional revolutionaries who would devote their full time and energy towards developing the party into an organization capable of leading a successful
1648:
6086:
908:
1707:
932:
2081:
363:
6074:
920:
2341:– or RSDLP(b). Unofficially, the party has been referred to as the Bolshevik Party. Throughout the 20th century, the party adopted a number of different names. In 1918, RSDLP(b) became All-Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and remained so until 1925. From 1925 to 1952, the name was All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and from 1952 to 1991, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
2344:
As the party split became permanent, further divisions became evident. One of the most notable differences was how each faction decided to fund its revolution. The
Mensheviks decided to fund their revolution through membership dues while Lenin often resorted to more drastic measures since he required
275:
The origin of the split was Lenin's support for a smaller party of professional revolutionaries, as opposed to the
Menshevik desire for a broad party membership. The influence of the factions fluctuated in the years up to 1912, when the RSDLP formally split into two parties. The Bolsheviks' political
2705:
After the split, the
Bolshevik party was designated as RSDLP(b) (Russian: РСДРП(б)), where "b" stands for "Bolsheviks". Shortly after coming to power in November 1917, the party changed its name to the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (РКП(б)) and was generally known as the Communist Party after
2405:
One final difference between the
Bolsheviks and Mensheviks was how ferocious and tenacious the Bolshevik party was in order to achieve its goals, although Lenin was open minded to retreating from political ideals if he saw the guarantee of long-term gains benefiting the party. This practice was seen
2285:
With both
Bolsheviks and Mensheviks weakened by splits within their ranks and by Tsarist repression, the two factions were tempted to try to reunite the party. In January 1910, Leninists, recallists, and various Menshevik factions held a meeting of the party's Central Committee in Paris. Kamenev and
1743:
can only be achieved by a strong, professional leadership with deep dedication to
Marxist theoretical principles and an organization that spanned through the whole of Russia, abandoning what Lenin called "artisanal work" towards a more organized revolutionary work. After the proposed revolution had
2380:
in order to resolve her internal conflict. Unfortunately for the
Bolsheviks, Lenin's assumptions were incorrect. Despite his and the party's attempts to push for a civil war through involvement in two conferences in 1915 and 1916 in Switzerland, the Bolsheviks were in the minority in calling for a
2035:
Between 1903 and 1904, the two factions were in a state of flux, with many members changing sides. Plekhanov, the founder of
Russian Marxism, who at first allied himself with Lenin and the Bolsheviks, had parted ways with them by 1904. Trotsky at first supported the Mensheviks, but left them in
2293:
One of the underlying reasons that prevented any reunification of the party was the
Russian police. The police were able to infiltrate both parties' inner circles by sending in spies who then reported on the opposing party's intentions and hostilities. This allowed the tensions to remain high
2043:
All but one member of the RSDLP Central Committee were arrested in Moscow in early 1905. The remaining member, with the power of appointing a new committee, was won over by the Bolsheviks. The lines between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks hardened in April 1905 when the Bolsheviks held a
1945:, 'minority'. However, Martov's supporters won the vote concerning the question of party membership, and neither Lenin nor Martov had a firm majority throughout the Congress as delegates left or switched sides. In the end, the Congress was evenly split between the two factions.
2376:. This desire for war was fuelled by Lenin's vision that the workers and peasants would resist joining the war effort and therefore be more compelled to join the socialist movement. Through the increase in support, Russia would then be forced to withdraw from the
2388:
Although the Bolshevik leadership had decided to form a separate party, convincing pro-Bolshevik workers within Russia to follow suit proved difficult. When the first meeting of the Fourth Duma was convened in late 1912, only one out of six Bolshevik deputies,
2252:
With most Bolshevik leaders either supporting Bogdanov or undecided by mid-1908 when the differences became irreconcilable, Lenin concentrated on undermining Bogdanov's reputation as a philosopher. In 1909, he published a scathing book of criticism entitled
2027:; compared to 34% and 20% for the Mensheviks. Total Bolshevik membership was 8,400 in 1905, 13,000 in 1906, and 46,100 by 1907; compared to 8,400, 18,000 and 38,200 for the Mensheviks. By 1910, both factions together had fewer than 100,000 members.
1887:
Some of the factionalism could be attributed to Lenin's steadfast belief in his own opinion and what was described by Plekhanov as Lenin's inability to "bear opinions which were contrary to his own" and loyalty to his own self-envisioned
2245:). A smaller group within the Bolshevik faction demanded that the RSDLP Central Committee should give its sometimes unruly Duma faction an ultimatum, demanding complete subordination to all party decisions. This group became known as "
2303:, a party-financed central organ. Kamenev, Trotsky's brother-in-law who was with the Bolsheviks, was added to the editorial board; but the unification attempts failed in August 1910 when Kamenev resigned from the board amid mutual
3951:
1756:
did not maintain influence over the fight of the workers, then that fight would steer away from the party's objective and carry on under the influence of opposing beliefs or even away from revolution entirely.
2438:
1784:", who were for economic reform while leaving the government relatively unchanged and who, in Lenin's view, failed to recognize the importance of uniting the working population behind the party's cause.
2401:
agent), voted on 15 December 1912 to break from the Menshevik faction within the Duma. The Bolshevik leadership eventually prevailed, and the Bolsheviks formed their own Duma faction in September 1913.
3998:
2297:
Lenin was firmly opposed to any reunification but was outvoted within the Bolshevik leadership. The meeting reached a tentative agreement, and one of its provisions was to make Trotsky's Vienna-based
1191:
5612:
1827:
The base of active and experienced members would be the recruiting ground for this professional core. Sympathizers would be left outside and the party would be organised based on the concept of
5607:
2263:. In June 1909, Bogdanov proposed the formation of Party Schools as Proletarian Universities at a Bolshevik mini-conference in Paris organised by the editorial board of the Bolshevik magazine
2007:
The average party member was very young: in 1907, 22% of Bolsheviks were under 20 years of age; 37% were 20–24 years of age; and 16% were 25–29 years of age. By 1905, 62% of the members were
2036:
September 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with Russian liberals and their opposition to a reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks. He remained a self-described "non-factional
1848:, Lenin firmly believed that a rigid political structure was needed to effectively initiate a formal revolution. This idea was met with opposition from once close allies, including Martov,
2209:
With the defeat of the revolution in mid-1907 and the adoption of a new, highly restrictive election law, the Bolsheviks began debating whether to boycott the new parliament known as the
308:, large numbers of radicalized workers joined the Bolsheviks, which planned the October Revolution which overthrew the government. The party initially governed in coalition with the
2337:
and formally expelled Mensheviks and recallists from the party. As a result, they ceased to be a faction in the RSDLP and instead declared themselves an independent party, called
5418:
5285:
2424:
In 1918, the party renamed itself the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) at Lenin's suggestion. In 1925, this was changed to All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). At the
755:
2406:
in the party's trying to recruit peasants and uneducated workers by promising them how glorious life would be after the revolution and granting them temporary concessions.
5413:
5408:
5403:
1470:
1082:
1067:
1892:. Lenin was seen even by fellow party members as being so narrow-minded and unable to accept criticism that he believed that anyone who did not follow him was his enemy.
1342:
2040:" until August 1917, when he joined Lenin and the Bolsheviks, as their positions resembled his and he came to believe that Lenin was correct on the issue of the party.
2171:
2154:
2138:
2045:
1793:
714:
249:
2425:
4800:
2421:
considered that Lenin's influence on the Bolshevik party was decisive but the October insurrection was carried out according to Trotsky's, not to Lenin's plan.
1685:
1098:
4491:
1876:
thought worker motivation would remain higher if individuals were able to maintain their own property. Those who opposed Lenin and wanted to continue on the
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3899:
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1093:
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1367:
1062:
667:
657:
2895:
2503:
4837:
1072:
2754:
1600:
4805:
2269:. However, this proposal was not adopted and Lenin tried to expel Bogdanov from the Bolshevik faction. Bogdanov was then involved with setting up
5980:
1961:
1139:
733:
687:
2174:
held in London in May 1907, the Bolsheviks were in the majority, but the two factions continued functioning mostly independently of each other.
6120:
5628:
4463:
3671:
3608:
3532:
2492:
5897:
2133:
As the Russian Revolution of 1905 progressed, Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, and smaller non-Russian social democratic parties operating within the
1837:
or Martov's support for the Organizing Committee of the Congress which Lenin opposed. The differences grew and the split became irreparable.
6115:
5767:
5727:
5399:
3894:
3866:
3722:
2613:
1984:
1927:(Martov supporters). In the 2nd Congress vote, Lenin's faction won votes on the majority of important issues, and soon came to be known as
1310:
795:
760:
637:
5573:
6130:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
3348:
5882:
5295:
3971:
2353:
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1595:
1485:
1016:
962:
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2462:
1028:
810:
790:
765:
5763:
4700:
3187:
2535:
1605:
1570:
1300:
1038:
1884:
and disagreed with his strict party membership guidelines became known as "softs" while Lenin supporters became known as "hards".
6045:
3983:
3926:
2356:
took place in November 1917 in which the Bolsheviks came second with 23.9% of the vote and dissolved the Assembly in January 1918
1620:
1610:
1280:
1129:
607:
5687:
5280:
4892:
4038:
3829:
1916:
1354:
1196:
709:
241:
185:
1658:
5984:
5359:
4573:
3576:
3517:
3408:
1671:
3228:
44:
5902:
5717:
5682:
5354:
5305:
3550:
3398:
2812:
1869:
1585:
3074:
5960:
5911:
5887:
5862:
5742:
5722:
4720:
4660:
4635:
4020:
2731:
1968:
1275:
1051:
1006:
257:
98:
5852:
5842:
5697:
5692:
5677:
5648:
5548:
4456:
4390:
3275:
Marot, John Eric (July 1990). "Alexander Bogdanov, Vpered, and the Role of the Intellectual in the Workers' Movement".
2550:
1465:
1305:
1234:
1149:
1021:
3469:
5990:
5737:
5712:
5707:
5593:
5582:
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4523:
3259:
3222:
3165:
2992:
2870:
2519:
2255:
2120:
1337:
1033:
627:
1739:, strict censorship outlawed its publication and distribution. One of the main points of Lenin's writing was that a
5782:
5702:
5568:
3961:
3715:
2706:
that point. However, it was not until 1952 that the party formally dropped the word "Bolshevik" from its name. See
2480:
1590:
1526:
1349:
1223:
822:
5777:
5747:
5732:
5603:
4827:
4630:
4605:
4028:
3856:
3593:
1776:". Most party members considered unequal treatment of workers immoral and were loyal to the idea of a completely
1460:
1169:
3636:
5792:
5643:
5633:
5558:
5509:
5504:
5300:
5290:
4655:
4410:
4307:
4279:
4107:
4060:
4008:
3931:
3687:
2588:
2102:
1615:
1565:
1270:
1260:
955:
309:
293:
5772:
5663:
5563:
4516:
4486:
4449:
4246:
4055:
3802:
3776:
2887:
2024:
1957:
1531:
1500:
1011:
460:
5969:
5847:
5787:
5469:
5394:
4705:
4640:
4568:
4553:
4385:
3966:
3861:
3846:
3015:. p. 59: "the term 'Maximalist' rather widely used as a translation for 'Bolshevik' is historically false."
2744:
1877:
1753:
1546:
978:
465:
2444:
2333:
The factions permanently broke relations in January 1912 after the Bolsheviks organised a Bolsheviks-only
1956:
for "Menshevik", which proved to be confusing as there was also a "Maximalist" faction within the Russian
5877:
5658:
5514:
5324:
5021:
4972:
4615:
3851:
3708:
2098:
1773:
1744:
successfully overthrown the Russian autocracy, this strong leadership would relinquish power and allow a
1515:
1475:
1450:
1290:
5995:
5922:
5917:
5867:
5807:
5668:
5374:
4860:
4430:
4405:
4072:
4003:
2486:
1536:
986:
24:
19:
This article is about the Bolshevik faction in the RSDLP 1903–1912. For the ideological movement, see
5827:
5524:
5459:
4710:
4645:
4400:
3677:
2508:
2468:
1761:
1495:
948:
5201:
3616:
382:
5837:
5310:
4930:
4761:
4583:
4415:
4395:
3817:
3807:
2450:
1249:
1244:
1239:
647:
329:
2199:
2160:
However, all factions retained their respective factional structure and the Bolsheviks formed the
5872:
5832:
5822:
5817:
5479:
5275:
4755:
4538:
3812:
2647:
2431:
2334:
2091:
2056:
2052:
1332:
1164:
817:
677:
475:
470:
440:
5101:
5011:
4425:
3881:
2260:
1897:
1817:
74:
5046:
3379:
St. Petersburg Between the Revolutions: workers and revolutionaries, June 1907 – February 1917
3340:
2428:
in 1952 the Party was renamed the Communist Party of the Soviet Union at Stalin's suggestion.
5892:
5489:
5424:
5156:
4695:
4685:
4420:
4097:
3904:
3841:
3382:
2382:
2377:
2348:
1828:
1749:
865:
435:
430:
281:
5071:
1896:, one of Lenin's fellow revolutionaries, compared Lenin in 1904 to the French revolutionary
5577:
5484:
5449:
5216:
4898:
4588:
4472:
2598:
2286:
Zinoviev were dubious about the idea; but under pressure from conciliatory Bolsheviks like
1723:
1383:
617:
387:
265:
256:
of 1917, and was later renamed the Russian Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party, and
5176:
252:
in 1903. The Bolshevik party, formally established in 1912, seized power in Russia in the
8:
6110:
6000:
5534:
5519:
5494:
5226:
4945:
4924:
4772:
4690:
4558:
4528:
4317:
4067:
3993:
3886:
3756:
3667:
3181:
2410:
2222:
1652:
1480:
1159:
800:
743:
285:
237:
5186:
5036:
4598:
5529:
5474:
5349:
5236:
5111:
4913:
4865:
4335:
4259:
3771:
3731:
3692:
3292:
2749:
2274:
2206:, Lenin had come to agree with the Valentinov's rejection of Bogdanov's Empiriomonism.
2187:
2183:
2008:
1980:
1976:
1541:
870:
855:
845:
840:
748:
738:
563:
558:
480:
253:
78:
5086:
2019:; compared with 19% and 26% for the Mensheviks. In 1907, 78.3% of the Bolsheviks were
332:", rapid industrialization, collectivized agriculture, and centralized state control.
5464:
5369:
5181:
5136:
5056:
5031:
4982:
4875:
4811:
4730:
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4593:
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4533:
4302:
4231:
4148:
4125:
3824:
3797:
3735:
3655:
3572:
3546:
3526:
3513:
3506:
3424:
3404:
3255:
3218:
3161:
3135:
2988:
2866:
2808:
2373:
2226:
1992:
1821:
1780:. This pamphlet also showed that Lenin opposed another group of reformers, known as "
1777:
1490:
770:
721:
450:
344:
313:
234:
66:
5246:
5006:
4870:
3075:"[Book] History of the Bolshevik Party: Bolshevism – The Road to Revolution"
2518:
was a derogatory expression for Bolsheviks used by British service personnel in the
6090:
6078:
6035:
6024:
5439:
5434:
5256:
5241:
5096:
5091:
5076:
4903:
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4196:
4163:
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3565:
3560:
3284:
2638:
2573:
later became a slang term for anyone who was rebellious, aggressive, or truculent.
2474:
2418:
2394:
2238:
2214:
2195:
2161:
2064:
2037:
2016:
1873:
1849:
1813:
1409:
1378:
924:
912:
887:
543:
528:
500:
490:
425:
397:
297:
208:
58:
6060:
6040:
5379:
5121:
5081:
5066:
5061:
4832:
4725:
4650:
4365:
4216:
3766:
3632:
3425:"North Russian Expeditionary Force 1919, Scrapbook Diary, Photographs, Mementoes"
3210:
3012:
2608:
2531:
2507:"Down with Bolshevism. Bolshevism brings war and destruction, hunger and death",
2315:
2146:
1865:
1840:
Internal unrest also arose over the political structure that was best suited for
1714:
936:
850:
578:
485:
305:
54:
5171:
2368:
was especially eager for the start of the war, hoping that it would turn into a
2048:. The Mensheviks organised a rival conference and the split was thus finalized.
6055:
6010:
5965:
5211:
5196:
5191:
5151:
5116:
5026:
5016:
4578:
4345:
4269:
4264:
4254:
4221:
4206:
4186:
4135:
4120:
4089:
3936:
2858:
2414:
2390:
2369:
2323:
2134:
1988:
1805:
1765:
1736:
875:
568:
518:
455:
230:
126:
82:
62:
50:
4965:
6104:
5499:
5206:
5126:
4996:
4940:
4816:
4735:
4563:
4355:
4325:
4297:
4287:
4211:
4168:
4158:
4153:
4143:
3781:
3501:
3153:
2980:
2603:
2439:
Maoist Bolshevik Reorganisation Movement of the Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party
2365:
2304:
2060:
1861:
1853:
1809:
1732:
1630:
1505:
1401:
780:
588:
583:
553:
538:
325:
2538:
used it in reference to the worldwide political movement coordinated by the
6030:
5907:
5673:
5618:
5389:
5231:
5146:
5051:
4977:
4610:
4501:
4350:
4292:
4236:
4201:
3999:
Group of forces in battle with the counterrevolution in the South of Russia
3988:
3978:
3461:
2554:
2527:
2319:
2287:
1996:
1893:
1857:
1841:
805:
548:
523:
321:
317:
289:
86:
1868:
land or leaving it for private use. Lenin wanted to nationalize to aid in
1706:
312:, but increasingly centralized power and suppressed opposition during the
6015:
5758:
5653:
5454:
5444:
5364:
5161:
5141:
5106:
5041:
4854:
4740:
4360:
4340:
4191:
4115:
3139:
2828:
Pipes, Richard (1990). "Chapter 9: Lenin and the Origins of Bolshevism".
2361:
2327:
2246:
2218:
2142:
1575:
1415:
573:
533:
495:
277:
70:
4958:
3673:
Twenty Years in Underground Russia: Memoirs of a Rank-and-File Bolshevik
2360:
Further differences in party agendas became evident as the beginning of
2294:
between the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks and helped prevent their uniting.
1727:, written in 1901, helped to precipitate the Bolsheviks' split from the
931:
5946:
5936:
5429:
5261:
5221:
5001:
4935:
4842:
4048:
3836:
2618:
2583:
2234:
2210:
2191:
2105: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1937:
1812:
disagreed over the party membership rules. Lenin, who was supported by
1740:
1728:
1625:
892:
882:
785:
445:
402:
377:
269:
245:
20:
3296:
2011:(3% of the population in 1897). Twenty-two percent of Bolsheviks were
6020:
6005:
5166:
4919:
4886:
4881:
4766:
4715:
3761:
3650:
3597:
2539:
2265:
2150:
1881:
1781:
1745:
1396:
407:
392:
301:
2432:
Non-Russian/Soviet political groups having used the name "Bolshevik"
2080:
1948:
From 1907 onward, English-language articles sometimes used the term
1864:. Plekhanov and Lenin's major dispute arose addressing the topic of
5975:
5941:
5384:
5286:
The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)
5251:
4782:
4777:
4441:
3956:
3288:
2593:
2546:
2523:
2166:
2059:
of Workers' Deputies led by Trotsky. However, the less significant
2020:
1797:
1698:
1422:
1391:
775:
352:
261:
2221:, and others argued for participating in the Duma while Bogdanov,
5812:
5753:
5131:
4951:
2888:"History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)"
2398:
2198:, a viewpoint that Bogdanov had been exploring and developing as
2170:
governing body of the Bolshevik faction within the RSDLP. At the
1769:
1103:
860:
362:
3132:
Alexander Bogdanov, left-Bolshevism and the Proletkult 1904–1932
4821:
4795:
2562:
2299:
2270:
2177:
2012:
1889:
1801:
163:
49:
1920 Bolshevik Party meeting: sitting (from left to right) are
6073:
3283:(3 (Special Issue on Alexander Bogdanov)). Blackwell: 241–64.
2229:, and others argued that the social democratic faction in the
919:
5588:
4788:
4033:
2566:
2030:
1833:
1580:
2498:
1995:
of 1917–1922, the RSFSR became the chief constituent of the
1772:
ideal of social classes ceasing to be and for the eventual "
5638:
5623:
5598:
4543:
2259:(1909), assaulting Bogdanov's position and accusing him of
2230:
1935:, 'majority'. Likewise, Martov's group came to be known as
328:'s leadership, the party became linked to his policies of "
3609:"Chronology of the Bolshevik Party World History Database"
2863:
Martov: A Political Biography of a Russian Social Democrat
1760:
The pamphlet also showed that Lenin's view of a socialist
2922:
2044:
Bolsheviks-only meeting in London, which they called the
2569:" in the United States during the same period. The term
3360:
3358:
3322:
3320:
3318:
2951:
2949:
2667:), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority".
1903:
5981:
Crimes against humanity under Marxist–Leninist regimes
2774:
2772:
2280:
2784:
2652:
2051:
The Bolsheviks played a relatively minor role in the
2015:(1.7% of the total population) and 38% were uprooted
224:
218:
16:
Faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
3730:
3495:
Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War
3355:
3315:
3303:
2946:
2745:"Bolsheviki Seize State Buildings, Defying Kerensky"
2769:
2708:
Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2457:
Bolshevik-Leninist Party of India, Ceylon and Burma
2339:
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks)
2002:
1960:in 1904–1906 (which, after 1906, formed a separate
658:
The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky
276:philosophy was based on the Leninist principles of
3564:
3505:
2961:
2934:
2910:
2310:
3345:St. Petersburg's Jews: Three Centuries of History
2186:from as early as 1904. Lenin had fallen out with
2157:, the Bolsheviks found themselves in a minority.
288:of 1917, Lenin returned to Russia and issued his
6102:
2249:" and was generally allied with the recallists.
2233:should be recalled. The latter became known as "
2202:. Having worked as co-editor with Plekhanov, on
2153:. When the Mensheviks made an alliance with the
1748:party to fully develop within the principles of
316:, and after 1921 became the sole legal party in
3116:Autocracy, capitalism, and revolution in Russia
2843:Figes, Orlando (2014). "Chapter 1: The Start".
2561:. The usage is roughly equivalent to the term "
1962:Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists
688:Leninism: Introduction to the Study of Leninism
300:". In the summer of 1917, especially after the
5898:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
4492:Aggravation of class struggle under socialism
4457:
3716:
2691:
2681:
2662:
1679:
956:
212:
3338:
3252:A Documentary History of Communism in Russia
2614:Soviet Revolutionary Communists (Bolsheviks)
2178:Split between Lenin and Bogdanov (1908–1910)
1985:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
668:"Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder
638:Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism
6126:Political parties of the Russian Revolution
3508:A concise History of the Russian Revolution
2067:became the model for those formed in 1917.
5296:Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR
4464:
4450:
3723:
3709:
3531:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2865:, Cambridge University Press, p. 78,
2845:Revolutionary Russia, 1891–1991: A History
2493:Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan – Turkey)
2031:Beginning of the 1905 Revolution (1903–05)
1686:
1672:
963:
949:
5858:Communist Party of the Russian Federation
3545:(rev. ed.), Harmondsworth: Penguin,
3396:
2710:article for the timeline of name changes.
2463:Revolutionary Socialist Party (Bolshevik)
2121:Learn how and when to remove this message
1735:, the book was published in 1902, but in
5991:Criticism of Marxist–Leninist party rule
4701:General Secretary of the Communist Party
3685:
3123:
2502:
2347:
2314:
1787:
1705:
5883:Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party
3984:Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
3927:Provisional Committee of the State Duma
3666:
3249:
3129:
2857:
2802:
2557:were sometimes derisively described as
2190:after Valentinov had introduced him to
2182:Tensions had existed between Lenin and
2070:
2063:was dominated by the Bolsheviks. These
608:The Development of Capitalism in Russia
335:
292:, which called for "no support for the
6103:
5961:All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
5281:Dialectical and Historical Materialism
4893:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
4039:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
3559:
3376:
3186:, Moscow: Zveno Publishers, May 1909,
2979:
2928:
2916:
2290:, they were willing to give it a try.
1917:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
710:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
242:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
186:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
6121:Political parties established in 1903
5360:Industrialization in the Soviet Union
4445:
3704:
3651:The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
3592:
3500:
3400:The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky
3364:
3326:
3309:
3274:
3208:
3152:
3134:. Norwich: University of East Angla.
3072:
2955:
2842:
2827:
2790:
2778:
1987:(RSFSR). With the Reds defeating the
1975:, came to power in Russia during the
1967:The Bolsheviks ultimately became the
1768:. For example, Lenin agreed with the
5903:Sandinista National Liberation Front
5355:Collectivization in the Soviet Union
4471:
3867:Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
3686:Schulman, Jason (28 December 2017),
3540:
3211:"Part Three: The Period of Reaction"
3190:from the original on 18 January 2006
3113:
2967:
2940:
2103:adding citations to reliable sources
2074:
99:Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
6116:Defunct communist parties in Russia
5912:Militarized Communist Party of Peru
5863:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
4661:Socialist state of the whole people
3830:Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic
3631:
3397:Deutscher, Isaac (5 January 2015).
2732:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2281:Final attempt at party unity (1910)
1969:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
258:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
13:
6131:Political party factions in Russia
6051:State ideology of the Soviet Union
5853:Communist Party of the Philippines
5843:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
3952:Council of the People's Commissars
3638:The Bolsheviks and Workers Control
3599:Bolshevism, the Road to Revolution
3231:from the original on 29 April 2006
3215:Bolshevism: The Road to Revolution
3183:Materialism & Empiriocriticism
3024:
2885:
2757:from the original on 21 April 2017
2643:большевики́, большеви́к (singular)
14:
6142:
4909:Scientific Outlook on Development
4524:Commanding heights of the economy
3586:
3472:from the original on 8 March 2014
3351:from the original on 10 May 2018.
3101:Bolshevism The Road to Revolution
3098:
3056:
3043:Lenin and the Revolutionary Party
3040:
2898:from the original on 15 July 2018
2520:North Russian Expeditionary Force
2256:Materialism and Empirio-criticism
1919:(RSDLP) were originally known as
628:Materialism and Empirio-criticism
260:. The party's ideology, based on
6084:
6072:
5888:Lao People's Revolutionary Party
5306:Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism
4681:Civilian control of the military
4636:People's democratic dictatorship
3962:Military Revolutionary Committee
3571:, New York: WW Norton & Co,
3160:. London: Penguin. p. 410.
2987:. London: Fontana. p. 402.
2686:), "minority", which comes from
2509:anti-Bolshevik German propaganda
2481:Bolsheviks Party of South Africa
2079:
2003:Demographics of the two factions
1646:
985:
930:
918:
906:
361:
43:
4631:Dictatorship of the proletariat
4606:Theory of the productive forces
3857:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
3688:"Bolshevism, Real and Imagined"
3454:
3442:
3417:
3390:
3370:
3332:
3268:
3250:Daniels, Robert V, ed. (1993),
3243:
3202:
3174:
3146:
3107:
3092:
3066:
3050:
3034:
3018:
3011:, translated by C. A. Carroll.
3001:
2973:
2879:
2851:
2847:. New York: Metropolitan Books.
2699:
2499:Derogatory usage of "Bolshevik"
2311:Forming a separate party (1912)
2090:needs additional citations for
5583:People's Republic of Kampuchea
5301:A Critique of Soviet Economics
4656:State of socialist orientation
4391:German Revolution of 1918–1919
3932:Russian Provisional Government
2836:
2821:
2796:
2737:
2724:
2670:
2632:
2589:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
2526:during the Russian Civil War.
2277:from August to December 1909.
310:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
1:
4517:Soviet-type economic planning
4487:Administrative-command system
4056:Socialist Revolutionary Party
3803:Ukrainian War of Independence
3403:. Verso Books. p. 1283.
2717:
2522:which intervened against the
1964:) and then again after 1917.
1958:Socialist Revolutionary Party
1699:Vladimir Lenin's ideology in
1601:Political abuse of psychiatry
1180:Congress of People's Deputies
823:Joseph Stalin's rise to power
244:(RSDLP) which split with the
5848:Communist Party of Kampuchea
5470:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
5395:Chinese Communist Revolution
4706:Highest organ of state power
4569:Proletarian internationalism
3967:Russian Constituent Assembly
3862:Red Army invasion of Georgia
3847:Estonian War of Independence
2807:. London: Pan. p. 154.
2354:Russian Constituent Assembly
2137:attempted to reunify at the
1878:socialist mode of production
1754:professional revolutionaries
979:Politics of the Soviet Union
466:Proletarian internationalism
110:; 121 years ago
7:
5878:Indochinese Communist Party
5515:Maoist insurgency in Turkey
5510:New People's Army rebellion
5291:Britain's Road to Socialism
4616:Wars of national liberation
4411:Workers' Councils in Poland
4009:Ukrainian People's Republic
3852:Latvian War of Independence
3158:Three Who Made a Revolution
2653:
2576:
2055:and were a minority in the
1774:withering away of the state
1721:Lenin's political pamphlet
1140:Central Executive Committee
225:
219:
138:; 72 years ago
10:
6147:
5996:Marxist schools of thought
5923:Portuguese Communist Party
5868:Communist Party of Vietnam
4861:Kaysone Phomvihane Thought
4431:Belarusian-Soviet conflict
4073:General Jewish Labour Bund
3942:Pro-independence movements
3676:, Marxists, archived from
3492:
3488:
3341:"The Constituent Assembly"
3073:Woods, Alan (6 May 1999).
3007:Antonelli, Étienne. 1920.
2832:. New York: Vintage Books.
2487:Bolshevik Samasamaja Party
2409:Bolshevik figures such as
2397:, was later exposed as an
811:Death and funeral of Lenin
25:Bolshevik (disambiguation)
18:
6068:
5954:
5930:
5873:Communist Party of Malaya
5828:Communist Party of Brazil
5801:
5542:
5525:Internal conflict in Peru
5318:
5269:
4990:
4801:Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism
4749:
4711:Leading role of the party
4668:
4646:National-democratic state
4641:People's democratic state
4624:
4479:
4401:Hungarian Soviet Republic
4378:
4316:
4278:
4245:
4177:
4134:
4106:
4088:
4081:
4019:
3919:
3790:
3777:Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
3749:
3742:
3377:McKean, Robert B (1990),
2692:
2682:
2663:
2642:
2469:Bolshevik Communist Party
2445:Burkinabé Bolshevik Party
2139:4th Congress of the RSDLP
1999:(USSR) in December 1922.
1794:2nd Congress of the RSDLP
1496:Material balance planning
1197:1989 Legislative election
213:
191:
179:
171:
158:
150:
132:
122:
104:
94:
42:
37:
5838:Communist Party of India
5808:Albanian Party of Labour
4931:Bill of Rights socialism
4584:Socialism in one country
4554:Marxist–Leninist atheism
4396:Bavarian Soviet Republic
4386:Revolutions of 1917–1923
3543:Lenin : a biography
2805:Lenin : a biography
2803:Service, Robert (2010).
2625:
2451:Bolshevik Party of India
1915:The two factions of the
1311:Administrator of Affairs
756:History of Soviet Russia
648:The State and Revolution
330:socialism in one country
296:" and "all power to the
268:principles, is known as
6046:State ideology of China
5918:Workers' Party of Korea
5833:Communist Party of Cuba
5823:Chinese Communist Party
5480:Portuguese Colonial War
5276:Foundations of Leninism
4828:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
4539:Dialectical materialism
3813:Kiev Bolshevik Uprising
3449:Collins Mini Dictionary
2654:bol'shevikí, bol'shevík
2549:in the United Kingdom,
2335:Prague Party Conference
2057:Saint Petersburg Soviet
1923:(Lenin supporters) and
1653:Soviet Union portal
1165:Soviet of Nationalities
796:Anti-religious campaign
678:Foundations of Leninism
476:Revolutionary situation
471:Revolutionary defeatism
441:Dialectical materialism
5768:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5102:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
5012:Khorloogiin Choibalsan
4426:Slovak Soviet Republic
4406:Hungarian–Romanian War
4108:Provisional Government
3130:Biggart, John (1989).
3059:The Russian Revolution
3027:The Revolution of 1905
2985:To the Finland Station
2830:The Russian Revolution
2512:
2357:
2330:
2261:philosophical idealism
2141:held in April 1906 at
1991:and others during the
1898:Maximilien Robespierre
1880:path towards complete
1818:proletarian revolution
1718:
1596:Ideological repression
1486:Science and technology
294:Provisional Government
229:, 'majority'), led by
23:. For other uses, see
6011:Post-Marxism–Leninism
5893:Nepal Communist Party
5490:Nicaraguan Revolution
5460:Albanian–Soviet split
5157:Mengistu Haile Mariam
4696:Democratic centralism
4686:Collective leadership
4098:Nicholas II of Russia
3383:Yale University Press
3339:ORT-Ginzburg (2003).
3079:In Defence of Marxism
2506:
2383:Imperial Russian Army
2352:The elections to the
2351:
2318:
1971:. The Bolsheviks, or
1829:democratic centralism
1788:Second Party Congress
1752:. Lenin said that if
1750:democratic centralism
1709:
1029:Collective leadership
791:National delimitation
766:Collective leadership
436:Democratic centralism
431:Collective leadership
282:democratic centralism
250:Second Party Congress
6091:Communism portal
6079:Socialism portal
5578:Democratic Kampuchea
5485:Black Power movement
5450:Non-Aligned Movement
4589:Socialist patriotism
4416:Polish–Ukrainian War
3818:Polish–Ukrainian War
3808:Ukrainian–Soviet War
3668:Bobrovskaya, Cecilia
3541:Shub, David (1976),
3254:, UPNE, p. 33,
3209:Woods, Alan (1999),
2099:improve this article
2071:Mensheviks (1906–07)
1952:for "Bolshevik" and
1804:during August 1903,
1796:, which was held in
1606:Political repression
1571:Censorship of images
1301:First Deputy Premier
1039:Presidential Council
925:Socialism portal
913:Communism portal
336:History of the split
223:; from большинство,
6001:National Bolshevism
5535:Revolutions of 1989
5520:Sino-Albanian split
5505:Naxalite insurgency
5495:Cultural Revolution
5375:Great Patriotic War
5227:Nur Muhammad Taraki
4773:Ho Chi Minh Thought
4691:Cult of personality
4529:Developed socialism
4068:Union of October 17
3887:Kronstadt rebellion
3882:Workers' Opposition
3757:February Revolution
3680:on 25 February 2003
3567:The Lenin Anthology
3466:The free dictionary
2753:. 7 November 1917.
2426:19th Party Congress
2411:Anatoly Lunacharsky
2370:war between classes
2223:Anatoly Lunacharsky
1931:, from the Russian
1846:What Is To Be Done?
1724:What Is to Be Done?
1701:What Is to Be Done?
1621:Suppressed research
1611:Population transfer
1481:New Economic Policy
1160:Soviet of the Union
1130:Congress of Soviets
937:Politics portal
801:New Economic Policy
744:February Revolution
618:What Is to Be Done?
461:National liberation
286:February Revolution
181:Parent organization
34:
5530:Nepalese Civil War
5475:Great Leap Forward
5237:Pushpa Kamal Dahal
5112:Kaysone Phomvihane
4914:Xi Jinping Thought
4549:Labour aristocracy
4336:Stepan Petrichenko
4260:Alexander Kerensky
3772:October Revolution
3732:Russian Revolution
3619:on 27 January 2012
2931:, p. xxxviii.
2750:The New York Times
2553:leaders and other
2513:
2358:
2331:
2275:Capri Party School
2188:Nikolai Valentinov
2184:Alexander Bogdanov
2046:3rd Party Congress
2009:industrial workers
1983:, and founded the
1981:Russian Revolution
1979:phase of the 1917
1977:October Revolution
1844:. As discussed in
1719:
1355:Procurator General
1343:Military Collegium
846:Anti-Leninist left
841:26 Baku Commissars
749:October Revolution
739:Russian Revolution
734:RSDLP (Bolsheviks)
559:Grigori Sokolnikov
481:Self-determination
372:Schools of thought
254:October Revolution
32:
6098:
6097:
5465:Sino-Soviet split
5425:Tito–Stalin split
5370:Spanish Civil War
5311:Guerrilla Warfare
5270:Theoretical works
5202:Władysław Gomułka
5177:Nicolae Ceaușescu
5137:Nikos Zachariadis
5057:Nikita Khrushchev
5032:Palmiro Togliatti
4731:Transmission belt
4676:Central committee
4534:Dialectical logic
4439:
4438:
4421:Polish–Soviet War
4374:
4373:
4308:Alexander Antonov
4303:Maria Spiridonova
4232:Felix Dzerzhinsky
4149:Alexander Kolchak
4126:Alexander Guchkov
3915:
3914:
3842:Polish–Soviet War
3825:Finnish Civil War
3798:Russian Civil War
3656:Project Gutenberg
3578:978-0-393-09236-3
3519:978-0-679-42277-8
3410:978-1-78168-721-5
3154:Wolfe, Bertram D.
3025:Ascher, Abraham,
2793:, pp. 21–30.
2651:
2455:India/Sri Lanka:
2381:ceasefire by the
2374:Russian Civil War
2372:or essentially a
2227:Mikhail Pokrovsky
2131:
2130:
2123:
1993:Russian Civil War
1822:Tsarist autocracy
1778:classless society
1764:was in line with
1696:
1695:
1638:
1637:
1491:Era of Stagnation
1433:
1432:
1318:
1317:
1206:
1205:
1112:
1111:
1083:General Secretary
1068:Central Committee
973:
972:
722:Prague Conference
601:Theoretical works
451:Labor aristocracy
314:Russian Civil War
201:
200:
6138:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6077:
6076:
6036:State capitalism
5440:De-Stalinization
5435:Cuban Revolution
5257:Gennady Zyuganov
5242:Rohana Wijeweera
5097:Klement Gottwald
5092:Valko Chervenkov
5077:Lazar Kaganovich
5037:Dolores Ibárruri
4904:Three Represents
4849:Intercommunalism
4669:Political system
4512:Central planning
4507:Anti-revisionism
4497:Anti-imperialism
4473:Marxism–Leninism
4466:
4459:
4452:
4443:
4442:
4331:Maria Nikiforova
4227:Nikolai Bukharin
4197:Grigory Zinoviev
4164:Nikolai Yudenich
4086:
4085:
3947:Petrograd Soviet
3877:Tambov Rebellion
3872:Left SR uprising
3747:
3746:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3681:
3663:, November 1920.
3661:Bertrand Russell
3658:
3642:
3633:Brinton, Maurice
3627:
3626:
3624:
3615:, archived from
3613:Dates of History
3603:
3581:
3570:
3555:
3552:978-0-14020809-2
3536:
3530:
3522:
3511:
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3481:
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3452:
3446:
3440:
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3394:
3388:
3386:
3385:, pp. 140–1
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3089:
3087:
3085:
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3062:
3061:, pp. 364–5
3057:Pipes, Richard,
3054:
3048:
3046:
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3016:
3009:Bolshevik Russia
3005:
2999:
2998:
2977:
2971:
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2959:
2953:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2892:www.marxists.org
2886:Stalin, Joseph.
2883:
2877:
2875:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2814:978-0-33051838-3
2800:
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2694:
2685:
2684:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2656:
2646:
2644:
2636:
2599:Marxism–Leninism
2475:Bolshevik Nuclei
2419:Dmitry Manuilsky
2395:Roman Malinovsky
2385:in World War I.
2273:, which ran the
2215:Grigory Zinoviev
2196:Empiriocriticism
2162:Bolshevik Centre
2126:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2106:
2083:
2075:
1870:collectivization
1814:Georgy Plekhanov
1688:
1681:
1674:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1586:Collectivization
1446:
1445:
1410:De-Stalinization
1384:Marxism–Leninism
1379:Soviet democracy
1373:
1372:
1276:State Committees
1219:
1218:
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1124:
1057:
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974:
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934:
923:
922:
911:
910:
909:
888:Orthodox Marxism
693:
683:
673:
663:
653:
643:
633:
623:
613:
544:Grigory Zinoviev
529:Nikolai Bukharin
501:World revolution
491:Soviet democracy
426:Anti-imperialism
388:Marxism–Leninism
365:
355:
340:
339:
266:Marxist–Leninist
228:
222:
216:
215:
146:
144:
139:
118:
116:
111:
47:
35:
31:
6146:
6145:
6141:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6136:
6135:
6101:
6100:
6099:
6094:
6085:
6083:
6071:
6064:
6061:Totalitarianism
6041:State socialism
5950:
5926:
5797:
5538:
5380:Greek Civil War
5314:
5265:
5217:Mathieu Kérékou
5122:Leonid Brezhnev
5087:Bolesław Bierut
5082:Georgi Dimitrov
5067:Josip Broz Tito
5062:Walter Ulbricht
4986:
4833:Gonzalo Thought
4745:
4664:
4651:Socialist state
4620:
4475:
4470:
4440:
4435:
4370:
4366:Peter Kropotkin
4312:
4274:
4241:
4217:Semyon Budyonny
4173:
4130:
4102:
4077:
4015:
4004:Tsentralna Rada
3911:
3786:
3767:Kornilov affair
3738:
3729:
3648:
3622:
3620:
3607:
3589:
3579:
3553:
3524:
3523:
3520:
3497:
3491:
3486:
3485:
3475:
3473:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3447:
3443:
3433:
3431:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3411:
3395:
3391:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3356:
3337:
3333:
3325:
3316:
3308:
3304:
3273:
3269:
3262:
3248:
3244:
3234:
3232:
3225:
3207:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3168:
3151:
3147:
3128:
3124:
3114:McDaniel, Tim,
3112:
3108:
3097:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3071:
3067:
3055:
3051:
3039:
3035:
3023:
3019:
3006:
3002:
2995:
2978:
2974:
2966:
2962:
2954:
2947:
2939:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2884:
2880:
2873:
2859:Getzler, Israel
2856:
2852:
2841:
2837:
2826:
2822:
2815:
2801:
2797:
2789:
2785:
2777:
2770:
2760:
2758:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2729:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2704:
2700:
2675:
2671:
2657:; derived from
2637:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2609:Rabochaya Molva
2579:
2532:Joseph Goebbels
2501:
2434:
2313:
2283:
2180:
2147:Norra Bantorget
2127:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2096:
2084:
2073:
2053:1905 Revolution
2038:social democrat
2033:
2005:
1913:
1790:
1715:Boris Kustodiev
1704:
1692:
1663:
1659:Other countries
1647:
1645:
1640:
1639:
1551:
1443:
1435:
1434:
1406:
1370:
1360:
1359:
1328:
1320:
1319:
1254:
1216:
1208:
1207:
1122:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1054:
1052:Communist Party
1044:
1043:
1002:
969:
929:
917:
907:
905:
898:
897:
851:De-Leninization
836:
828:
827:
705:
697:
696:
691:
681:
671:
661:
651:
641:
631:
621:
611:
602:
594:
593:
579:Antonio Gramsci
514:
506:
505:
486:Socialist state
421:
413:
412:
398:Right communism
373:
353:
338:
306:Kornilov affair
240:of the Marxist
194:
193:Formerly called
182:
142:
140:
137:
114:
112:
109:
90:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6144:
6134:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6081:
6069:
6066:
6065:
6063:
6058:
6056:Third-Worldism
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5978:
5973:
5966:Anti-communism
5963:
5958:
5956:
5952:
5951:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5932:
5931:Related topics
5928:
5927:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5803:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5610:
5604:Czechoslovakia
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5580:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5322:
5320:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5271:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5247:Abimael Guzmán
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5212:Thomas Sankara
5209:
5204:
5199:
5197:Erich Honecker
5194:
5192:Maurice Bishop
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5152:Agostinho Neto
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5117:Khalid Bakdash
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5047:Võ Nguyên Giáp
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5027:Maurice Thorez
5024:
5019:
5017:Ehmetjan Qasim
5014:
5009:
5007:Ernst Thälmann
5004:
4999:
4994:
4992:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4962:
4954:
4949:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4895:
4890:
4884:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4852:
4845:
4840:
4838:Prachanda Path
4835:
4830:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4803:
4798:
4792:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4764:
4758:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4672:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4586:
4581:
4579:Social fascism
4576:
4574:Self-criticism
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4520:
4519:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4483:
4481:
4477:
4476:
4469:
4468:
4461:
4454:
4446:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4346:Semen Karetnyk
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4284:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4270:Boris Sokoloff
4267:
4265:Boris Savinkov
4262:
4257:
4255:Viktor Chernov
4251:
4249:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4222:Yakov Sverdlov
4219:
4214:
4209:
4207:Mikhail Frunze
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4187:Vladimir Lenin
4183:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4140:
4138:
4136:White movement
4132:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4121:Pavel Milyukov
4118:
4112:
4110:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4094:
4092:
4083:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4053:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3975:
3974:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3937:White movement
3934:
3929:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3902:
3900:Central Powers
3897:
3891:Interventions
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3751:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3728:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3683:
3664:
3645:
3644:
3629:
3605:
3596:(6 May 1999),
3588:
3587:External links
3585:
3584:
3583:
3577:
3561:Tucker, Robert
3557:
3551:
3538:
3518:
3502:Pipes, Richard
3490:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3453:
3441:
3416:
3409:
3389:
3369:
3367:, p. 111.
3354:
3331:
3329:, p. 108.
3314:
3312:, p. 109.
3302:
3289:10.2307/130152
3277:Russian Review
3267:
3260:
3242:
3223:
3201:
3173:
3166:
3145:
3122:
3106:
3091:
3065:
3049:
3033:
3017:
3000:
2993:
2981:Wilson, Edmund
2972:
2960:
2958:, p. 104.
2945:
2933:
2921:
2909:
2878:
2871:
2850:
2835:
2820:
2813:
2795:
2783:
2781:, p. 106.
2768:
2736:
2730:(renamed the "
2722:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2698:
2669:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2565:", "Red", or "
2500:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2479:South Africa:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2443:Burkina Faso:
2441:
2433:
2430:
2415:Moisei Uritsky
2393:(another one,
2391:Matvei Muranov
2324:Vladimir Lenin
2312:
2309:
2305:recriminations
2282:
2279:
2179:
2176:
2135:Russian Empire
2129:
2128:
2087:
2085:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2032:
2029:
2004:
2001:
1912:
1902:
1789:
1786:
1766:Marxist theory
1762:intelligentsia
1703:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1655:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1635:
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1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
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1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
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1578:
1573:
1568:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1476:Kosygin reform
1473:
1471:Five-Year Plan
1468:
1466:Consumer goods
1463:
1455:
1454:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1381:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1350:People's Court
1347:
1346:
1345:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1306:Deputy Premier
1303:
1295:
1294:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1235:Official names
1231:
1228:
1227:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1154:
1153:
1150:Supreme Soviet
1145:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1022:Vice President
1019:
1009:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
991:
990:
982:
981:
971:
970:
968:
967:
960:
953:
945:
942:
941:
940:
939:
927:
915:
900:
899:
896:
895:
890:
885:
880:
879:
878:
876:Left communism
873:
868:
858:
853:
848:
843:
837:
835:Related topics
834:
833:
830:
829:
826:
825:
820:
815:
814:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
753:
752:
751:
746:
736:
731:
730:
729:
719:
718:
717:
706:
703:
702:
699:
698:
695:
694:
684:
674:
664:
654:
644:
634:
624:
614:
603:
600:
599:
596:
595:
592:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
569:Amadeo Bordiga
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
519:Vladimir Lenin
515:
512:
511:
508:
507:
504:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
456:Liquidationism
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
422:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
374:
371:
370:
367:
366:
358:
357:
349:
348:
337:
334:
231:Vladimir Lenin
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
183:
180:
177:
176:
175:Vladimir Lenin
173:
169:
168:
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
134:
130:
129:
127:Vladimir Lenin
124:
120:
119:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
75:Preobrazhensky
48:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6143:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6092:
6082:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6067:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6026:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5985:Mass killings
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5971:
5970:Mass killings
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5953:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5929:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5802:Organizations
5800:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5541:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5500:Prague Spring
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5317:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5207:Samora Machel
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5127:Deng Xiaoping
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5072:Mátyás Rákosi
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4997:Joseph Stalin
4995:
4993:
4989:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4967:
4963:
4961:
4960:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4855:New Communism
4853:
4850:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4817:Khrushchevism
4815:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4748:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4736:Unified power
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4564:Popular front
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4474:
4467:
4462:
4460:
4455:
4453:
4448:
4447:
4444:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4379:International
4377:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4356:Viktor Bilash
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4326:Nestor Makhno
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4298:Mark Natanson
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4288:Yakov Blumkin
4286:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4212:Joseph Stalin
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4169:Lavr Kornilov
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4159:Pyotr Krasnov
4157:
4155:
4154:Anton Denikin
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4144:Pyotr Wrangel
4142:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4109:
4105:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3783:
3782:Junker mutiny
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3726:
3721:
3719:
3714:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3634:
3630:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3580:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3548:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3528:
3521:
3515:
3510:
3509:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3450:
3445:
3430:
3429:Naval History
3426:
3420:
3412:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3393:
3384:
3381:, New Haven:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3361:
3359:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3311:
3306:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3263:
3261:0-87451-616-1
3257:
3253:
3246:
3230:
3226:
3224:1-900007-05-3
3220:
3216:
3212:
3205:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3177:
3169:
3167:0-14-020783-X
3163:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3126:
3118:, p. 246
3117:
3110:
3102:
3099:Woods, Alan.
3095:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3060:
3053:
3044:
3041:Cliff, Tony,
3037:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3010:
3004:
2996:
2994:0-00-632420-7
2990:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2970:, p. 81.
2969:
2964:
2957:
2952:
2950:
2943:, p. 76.
2942:
2937:
2930:
2925:
2918:
2913:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2874:
2872:0-521-52602-7
2868:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2824:
2816:
2810:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2787:
2780:
2775:
2773:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2733:
2727:
2723:
2709:
2702:
2689:
2679:
2676:Derived from
2673:
2660:
2655:
2649:
2640:
2635:
2631:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2604:Old Bolshevik
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2505:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2386:
2384:
2379:
2378:Allied powers
2375:
2371:
2367:
2366:Joseph Stalin
2364:loomed near.
2363:
2355:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2295:
2291:
2289:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2200:Empiriomonism
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2125:
2122:
2114:
2111:February 2012
2104:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2088:This section
2086:
2082:
2077:
2076:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2061:Moscow Soviet
2058:
2054:
2049:
2047:
2041:
2039:
2028:
2026:
2023:and 10% were
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1911:
1907:
1904:Etymology of
1901:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1866:nationalizing
1863:
1862:Pavel Axelrod
1859:
1855:
1854:Vera Zasulich
1851:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1810:Julius Martov
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1689:
1684:
1682:
1677:
1675:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1644:
1643:
1632:
1631:Soviet Empire
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1506:War communism
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1439:
1438:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1402:Khrushchevism
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1363:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1338:Supreme Court
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1212:
1211:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1034:State Council
1032:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
998:
997:
993:
992:
988:
984:
983:
980:
977:
976:
966:
961:
959:
954:
952:
947:
946:
944:
943:
938:
933:
928:
926:
921:
916:
914:
904:
903:
902:
901:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
832:
831:
824:
821:
819:
816:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
781:War communism
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
758:
757:
754:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
740:
737:
735:
732:
728:
725:
724:
723:
720:
716:
713:
712:
711:
708:
707:
701:
700:
690:
689:
685:
680:
679:
675:
670:
669:
665:
660:
659:
655:
650:
649:
645:
640:
639:
635:
630:
629:
625:
620:
619:
615:
610:
609:
605:
604:
598:
597:
590:
589:Antonio Negri
587:
585:
584:Kwame Nkrumah
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
564:György Lukács
562:
560:
557:
555:
554:Andrei Bubnov
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
539:Joseph Stalin
537:
535:
532:
530:
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522:
520:
517:
516:
510:
509:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
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423:
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401:
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381:
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368:
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360:
359:
356:
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350:
346:
342:
341:
333:
331:
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326:Joseph Stalin
323:
319:
318:Soviet Russia
315:
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5908:Shining Path
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5674:Soviet Union
5619:East Germany
5419:2002–present
5390:Eastern Bloc
5325:Soviet Union
5232:Alfonso Cano
5182:Gustáv Husák
5172:Sanzō Nosaka
5147:Fidel Castro
5052:Earl Browder
4978:Zachariadism
4964:
4957:
4941:Lovestoneism
4806:Kimjongunism
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4625:Class system
4611:Third Period
4502:Anti-fascism
4351:Fedir Shchus
4293:Boris Kamkov
4237:Alexei Rykov
4202:Leon Trotsky
4178:
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3989:Green armies
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3678:the original
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2528:Adolf Hitler
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2423:
2408:
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2387:
2359:
2343:
2332:
2320:Leon Trotsky
2298:
2296:
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2288:Victor Nogin
2284:
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2242:
2208:
2203:
2181:
2172:5th Congress
2165:
2159:
2132:
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2097:Please help
2092:verification
2089:
2050:
2042:
2034:
2006:
1997:Soviet Union
1972:
1966:
1953:
1949:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1886:
1858:Leon Trotsky
1845:
1842:Soviet power
1839:
1832:
1826:
1820:against the
1791:
1759:
1722:
1720:
1710:
1700:
1591:Human rights
1581:Gulag system
1556:
1527:Demographics
1514:
1449:
1421:
1414:
1289:
1259:
1224:Constitution
1222:
1178:
1148:
1128:
1081:
871:Luxemburgism
806:Soviet Union
726:
715:2nd Congress
686:
676:
666:
656:
646:
636:
626:
616:
606:
549:Alexei Rykov
524:Leon Trotsky
322:Soviet Union
290:April Theses
284:. After the
274:
204:
202:
162:
151:Headquarters
29:
6016:Red fascism
5654:North Korea
5549:Afghanistan
5455:Vietnam War
5445:Warsaw Pact
5365:Great Purge
5350:Great Break
5187:János Kádár
5162:Kim Il Sung
5142:Che Guevara
5107:Enver Hoxha
5042:Ho Chi Minh
4983:Brezhnevism
4966:Rankovićism
4741:Vanguardism
4721:Secretariat
4559:Partiinost'
4361:Fanya Baron
4341:Lev Chernyi
4192:Lev Kamenev
4116:Georgy Lvov
4090:Monarchists
3594:Woods, Alan
3217:, Wellred,
3029:, p. 4
3013:A. A. Knopf
2929:Tucker 1975
2917:Tucker 1975
2761:22 December
2551:trade union
2545:During the
2485:Sri Lanka:
2362:World War I
2328:Lev Kamenev
2247:ultimatists
2219:Lev Kamenev
2155:Jewish Bund
2143:Folkets hus
1943:menshinstvo
1933:bolshinstvo
1576:Great Purge
1542:Phraseology
1461:Agriculture
1416:Perestroika
1291:Premiership
1121:Legislature
1099:Secretariat
866:Libertarian
574:Ho Chi Minh
534:Lev Kamenev
496:Vanguardism
278:vanguardism
226:bolshinstvo
167:(newspaper)
79:Serebryakov
6111:Bolsheviks
6105:Categories
5947:Trotskyism
5937:Bolshevism
5783:Montenegro
5764:Yugoslavia
5748:Uzbekistan
5733:Tajikistan
5708:Kyrgyzstan
5703:Kazakhstan
5683:Azerbaijan
5649:Mozambique
5543:By country
5430:Korean War
5262:Xi Jinping
5222:Siad Barre
5002:Mao Zedong
4936:Browderism
4871:Pol Potism
4843:Pantherism
4318:Anarchists
4179:Bolsheviks
4049:Mensheviks
4044:Bolsheviks
3994:Red Guards
3837:Heimosodat
3750:Revolution
3493:See also:
3365:Pipes 1995
3327:Pipes 1995
3310:Pipes 1995
3140:B001ON1IY4
3084:10 October
2956:Pipes 1995
2791:Pipes 1995
2779:Pipes 1995
2718:References
2696:), "less".
2619:Trotskyism
2584:Bolshevism
2235:recallists
2211:Third Duma
2192:Ernst Mach
1954:Minimalist
1950:Maximalist
1938:Mensheviks
1929:Bolsheviks
1872:, whereas
1782:Economists
1741:revolution
1729:Mensheviks
1626:Red Terror
1616:Propaganda
1566:Censorship
1557:Repression
1271:Ministries
1261:Government
1215:Governance
1001:Leadership
893:Proletkult
883:Mensheviks
856:Jacobinism
786:Red Terror
727:Bolsheviks
446:Dual power
403:Trotskyism
378:Bolshevism
270:Bolshevism
264:and later
246:Mensheviks
220:bolsheviki
214:большевики
205:Bolsheviks
38:Большевики
33:Bolsheviks
21:Bolshevism
6021:Red Scare
6006:New class
5818:Comintern
5778:Macedonia
5718:Lithuania
5414:1989–2002
5409:1976–1989
5404:1949–1976
5344:1982–1991
5339:1964–1982
5334:1953–1964
5329:1927–1953
5167:Chin Peng
5022:José Díaz
4973:Dubčekism
4920:Stalinism
4887:Nkrumaism
4882:Sankarism
4767:Guevarism
4762:Castroism
4716:Politburo
4247:Right SRs
3972:elections
3791:Civil War
3762:July Days
3736:Civil War
3623:9 January
3602:, Marxist
3462:"bolshie"
2968:Shub 1976
2941:Shub 1976
2861:(2003) ,
2648:romanized
2540:Comintern
2473:Senegal:
2266:Proletary
2243:otzovists
2213:. Lenin,
2151:Stockholm
1910:Menshevik
1906:Bolshevik
1882:socialism
1874:Plekhanov
1850:Plekhanov
1800:and then
1746:Socialist
1711:Bolshevik
1532:Education
1501:Transport
1397:Stalinism
1327:Judiciary
1170:Presidium
1094:Politburo
1012:President
818:Comintern
771:Civil War
408:Workerism
393:Nkrumaism
383:Bordigism
302:July Days
233:, were a
133:Dissolved
105:Formation
95:Successor
67:Lashevich
51:Yenukidze
5976:Cold War
5955:See also
5942:Leninism
5793:Slovenia
5688:Byelarus
5644:Mongolia
5624:Ethiopia
5613:Slovakia
5574:Cambodia
5569:Bulgaria
5385:Cold War
5252:Gus Hall
4959:Đilasism
4946:Marcyism
4925:American
4866:National
4812:Kadarism
4783:Husakism
4778:Hoxhaism
4750:Variants
4599:Yugoslav
4480:Concepts
4280:Left SRs
4061:Left SRs
3957:Red Army
3905:Siberian
3641:, Libcom
3563:(1975),
3527:citation
3504:(1995),
3470:Archived
3349:Archived
3235:25 March
3229:archived
3194:25 March
3188:archived
3156:(1966).
2983:(1977).
2896:Archived
2755:Archived
2594:Leninism
2577:See also
2559:Bolshies
2555:leftists
2547:Cold War
2524:Red Army
2491:Turkey:
2467:Mexico:
2167:de facto
2017:peasants
1798:Brussels
1547:Religion
1423:Glasnost
1392:Leninism
1368:Ideology
1281:Cabinets
1063:Congress
776:Red Army
420:Concepts
354:Leninism
345:a series
343:Part of
324:. Under
320:and the
262:Leninist
235:far-left
159:Products
89:in front
59:Bukharin
5813:Comecon
5773:Croatia
5754:Vietnam
5743:Ukraine
5723:Moldova
5698:Georgia
5693:Estonia
5678:Armenia
5669:Somalia
5664:Romania
5634:Hungary
5629:Grenada
5608:Czechia
5554:Albania
5319:History
5132:Pol Pot
4952:Titoism
4899:Dengism
4876:African
4082:Figures
4021:Parties
3693:Jacobin
3489:Sources
3476:8 March
3451:, 1998.
3434:14 June
2693:ме́ньше
2688:mén'she
2650::
2639:Russian
2571:Bolshie
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2449:India:
2399:Okhrana
2239:Russian
2065:Soviets
2021:Russian
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1894:Trotsky
1792:At the
1770:Marxist
1733:Germany
1516:Culture
1451:Economy
1442:Society
1192:Speaker
1104:Orgburo
1073:History
1007:Leaders
861:Marxism
704:History
298:soviets
248:at the
238:faction
209:Russian
197:"hards"
141: (
123:Founder
113: (
71:Kamenev
55:Kalinin
6025:Second
5788:Serbia
5728:Russia
5713:Latvia
5659:Poland
5559:Angola
4991:People
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4796:Songun
4594:Soviet
4029:Kadets
3920:Groups
3895:Allied
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1890:utopia
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