1918:
1215:
735:
5384:
1130:
2580:
establishment of a "Jewish
National Home" without, however, defining its meaning. A statement on "British Policy in Palestine", issued on 3 June 1922 by the Colonial Office, placed a restrictive construction upon the Balfour Declaration. The statement said the British government did not contemplate "the disappearance or subordination of the Arabic population, language or customs in Palestine" or "the imposition of Jewish nationality upon the inhabitants of Palestine as a whole", and made it clear that in the eyes of the mandatory Power, the Jewish National Home was to be founded in Palestine and not that Palestine as a whole was to be converted into a Jewish National Home. The Committee noted that the construction, which restricted considerably the scope of the National Home, was made prior to the confirmation of the Mandate by the Council of the League of Nations and was formally accepted at the time by the Executive of the Zionist Organisation.
2672:
2687:(26,625.6 km), of which 8,252,900 dunams (8,252.9 km) or 33% were arable. Official statistics show that Jews privately and collectively owned 1,393,531 dunams (1,393.53 km), or 5.23% of Palestine's total in 1945. The Jewish owned agricultural land was largely located in the Galilee and along the coastal plain. Estimates of the total volume of land that Jews had purchased by 15 May 1948 are complicated by illegal and unregistered land transfers, as well as by the lack of data on land concessions from the Palestine administration after 31 March 1936. According to Avneri, Jews held 1,850,000 dunams (1,850 km) of land in 1947, or 6.94% of the total. Stein gives the estimate of 2,000,000 dunams (2,000 km) as of May 1948, or 7.51% of the total. According to Fischbach, by 1948, Jews and Jewish companies owned 20% percent of all cultivable land in the country.
5567:
2284:
90:
5985:
majority and minority rights for the Jews. The AHC went one better and insisted that the proportion of Jews to Arabs in the unitary state should stand at one to six, meaning that only Jews who lived in
Palestine before the British Mandate be eligible for citizenship"; p. 67, at 1947 "The League's Political Committee met in Sofar, Lebanon, on 16β19 September, and urged the Palestine Arabs to fight partition, which it called "aggression", "without mercy". The League promised them, in line with Bludan, assistance "in manpower, money and equipment" should the United Nations endorse partition."; p. 72, at Dec 1947 "The League vowed, in very general language, "to try to stymie the partition plan and prevent the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine,"
1902:
1878:. After the victory, British forces in Jerusalem announced that they had no intention of overseeing any local administration but also that they would not permit actions that would hamper the safe and orderly withdrawal of their forces; military courts would try anybody who interfered. Although by this time British authority in most of Palestine had broken down, with most of the country in the hands of Jews or Arabs, the British air and sea blockade of Palestine remained in place. Although Arab volunteers were able to cross the borders between Palestine and the surrounding Arab states to join the fighting, the British did not allow the regular armies of the surrounding Arab states to cross into Palestine.
5718:
3357:
2588:
assistance by a
Mandatory as foreshadowed in Article XXII of the Covenant) should be curtailed in order to facilitate the establishment in Palestine of a National Home for the Jewish people." ... Zionist leaders have not concealed and do not conceal their opposition to the grant of any measure of self-government to the people of Palestine either now or for many years to come. Some of them even go so far as to claim that that provision of Article 2 of the Mandate constitutes a bar to compliance with the demand of the Arabs for any measure of self-government. In view of the provisions of Article XXII of the Covenant and of the promises made to the Arabs on several occasions that claim is inadmissible.
3583:
5610:
5408:
2506:
5587:
3349:
5641:
2661:
1448:
827:
2626:
whole, but that the united and whole country be Jewish." He explained that a first-class Jewish army would permit
Zionists to settle in the rest of the country with or without the consent of the Arabs. Benny Morris said that both Chaim Weizmann and David Ben Gurion saw partition as a stepping stone to further expansion and the eventual takeover of the whole of Palestine. Former Israeli Foreign Minister and historian Schlomo Ben Ami writes that 1937 was the same year that the "Field Battalions" under Yitzhak Sadeh wrote the "Avner Plan", which anticipated and laid the groundwork for what would become in 1948,
5703:
2006:. With the end of the Mandate, the remaining British troops in Israel were concentrated in an enclave in the Haifa port area, through which they were being withdrawn, and at RAF Ramat David, which was maintained to cover the withdrawal. The British handed over RAF Ramat David to the Israelis on 26 May and on 30 June, the last British troops were evacuated from Haifa. The British flag was lowered from the administrative building of the Port of Haifa and the Israeli flag was raised in its place, and the Haifa port area was formally handed over to the Israeli authorities in a ceremony.
893:β a Jewish entrepreneur β concessions for the production and distribution of electrical power. Rutenberg soon established an electric company whose shareholders were Zionist organisations, investors, and philanthropists. Palestinian-Arabs saw it as proof that the British intended to favour Zionism. The British administration claimed that electrification would enhance the economic development of the country as a whole, while at the same time securing their commitment to facilitate a Jewish National Home through economic – rather than political – means.
1026:
73:
1674:
5777:
2039:
5549:
415:
5657:
5244:
5687:
5749:
59:
866:
468:
5672:
5396:
5625:
5733:
6337:, the Land of Israel, the ancient and traditional Jewish name. Jews have never called the country Palestine, which was indeed a Roman name etymologically akin to Philistia. .the Government was undoubtedly right in resisting a nomenclature intolerable to the vast majority of Palestinians, and in substituting the device, relatively inoffensive to all parties (though giving complete satisfaction to none), of adding to "Palestine" in Hebrew the two Hebrew initials (E.Y.).'
2219:, during which he exhorted the crowd to give their blood for Palestine. During the entire Mandate period, but especially during the latter half, the rivalry between the mufti and al-Nashashibi dominated Palestinian politics. Khalidi ascribes the failure of the Palestinian leaders to enroll mass support to the fact that they had been part of the ruling elite and accustomed to their commands being obeyed; thus, the idea of mobilising the masses was unknown to them.
1574:
13124:
1796:
13134:
6584:"It was not scholarly religious credentials that made Hajj Amin an attractive candidate for president of the SMC in the eyes of colonial officials. Rather, it was the combination of his being an effective nationalist activist and a member of one of Jerusalem's most respected notable families that made it advantageous to align his interests with those of the British administration and thereby keep him on a short tether." Weldon C. Matthews,
2051:
5765:
3329:, and the neighborhood of Jerusalem, there were no restrictions. The reason given for the regulations was that the Mandatory was required to "ensur that the rights and positions of other sections of the population are not prejudiced", and an assertion that "such transfers of land must be restricted if Arab cultivators are to maintain their existing standard of life and a considerable landless Arab population is not soon to be created"
454:
440:
5372:
3412:
2171:
838:
10766:
1890:, stating that "unfortunately, it has become clear that the partition plan cannot be carried out at this time by peaceful means... unless emergency action is taken, there will be no public authority in Palestine on that date capable of preserving law and order. Violence and bloodshed will descend upon the Holy Land. Large-scale fighting among the people of that country will be the inevitable result". The
1698:
100,000 Jewish refugees from Europe into
Palestine. It also recommended that there be no Arab or Jewish state. The Committee stated that "in order to dispose, once and for all, of the exclusive claims of Jews and Arabs to Palestine, we regard it as essential that a clear statement of principle should be made that Jew shall not dominate Arab and Arab shall not dominate Jew in Palestine". U.S. President
2514:
seasonal basis, immigrated illegally during this period. Immigration accounted for most of the increase of Jewish population, while the non-Jewish population increase was largely natural. Of the Jewish immigrants, in 1939 most had come from
Germany and Czechoslovakia, but in 1940β1944 most came from Romania and Poland, with an additional 3,530 immigrants arriving from Yemen during the same period.
3276:
5941:
this enemy and of the common struggle against it lies the firm foundation of the natural alliance that exists between the
National Socialist Greater Germany and the freedom-loving Muslims of the whole world. In this spirit I am sending you on the anniversary of the infamous Balfour declaration my hearty greetings and wishes for the successful pursuit of your struggle until the final victory.
2245:. During the 1930s, Palestinian Arab popular discontent with Jewish immigration grew. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, several factions of Palestinian society, especially from the younger generation, became impatient with the internecine divisions and ineffectiveness of the Palestinian elite and engaged in grass-roots anti-British and anti-Zionist activism, organised by groups such as the
2382:
restrictive measures were soon increasingly introduced. A new
Publications Law was issued in 1933, which gave the British authorities the power to revoke publication permits, suspend newspapers, and punish journalists. Regulations were issued that further restricted freedom of the press. Many major publications were suspended for extended periods between 1937 and 1938, including
2121:, the mandate ignored the political rights of the Arabs. The Arab leadership repeatedly pressed the British to grant them national and political rights, such as representative government, over Jewish national and political rights in the remaining 23% of the Mandate of Palestine which the British had set aside for a Jewish homeland. The Arabs reminded the British of
1352:. However, this history has been less studied, as Israeli sources put more focus in studying the role played by Jewish soldiers. Meanwhile, Palestinian sources "were not eager to glorify the names of those who cooperated with Britain not so many years after the British put down the Arab Revolt of 1936-1939, and thereby indirectly helped the Jews establish a state."
3440:, which placed immigration restrictions on Jews, stated that the Jewish population "has risen to some 450,000" and was "approaching a third of the entire population of the country". In 1945, a demographic study showed that the population had grown to 1,764,520, comprising 1,061,270 Muslims, 553,600 Jews, 135,550 Christians and 14,100 people of other groups.
1948:), to come into effect at the moment of termination of the Mandate at midnight. Also on the 14th, the Provisional Government of Israel asked the US Government for recognition, on the frontiers specified in the UN Plan for Partition. The United States immediately replied, recognizing "the provisional government as the de facto authority".
2152:, admitted that, during the previous twenty-five years, the British had done their best to further the legitimate aspirations of the Jewish communities without prejudicing the interests of the Arabs, but had failed to "secure the development of self-governing institutions" in accordance with the terms of the Mandate.
2321:. During this period, the press became more diverse, and increasingly reflected different political factions and national consciousness. According to one survey in the mid 1930s, over 250 Arabic newspapers and 65 in other languages were circulating in Mandatory Palestine. Twenty newspapers were established in
9554:: "The High Commissioner may, with the approval of a Secretary of State, by Proclamation divide Palestine into administrative divisions or districts in such manner and with such subdivisions as may be convenient for purposes of administration describing the boundaries thereof and assigning names thereto."
7088:
Quote: "No
Zionist can forgo the smallest portion of the Land Of Israel. Jewish state in part is not an end, but a beginning β¦.. Our possession is important not only for itself β¦ through this we increase our power, and every increase in power facilitates getting hold of the country in its entirety.
5490:
determined for around 1939, of 36 countries, Palestinian Jews were placed 15th, Palestinian Arabs 30th, Egypt 33rd and Turkey 35th. The Jews in
Palestine were mainly urban, 76.2% in 1942, while the Arabs were mainly rural, 68.3% in 1942. Overall, Khalidi concludes that Palestinian Arab society, while
5443:
Between 1922 and 1947, the annual growth rate of the Jewish sector of the economy was 13.2%, mainly due to immigration and foreign capital, while that of the Arab was 6.5%. Per capita, these figures were 4.8% and 3.6% respectively. By 1936, Jews earned 2.6 times as much as Arabs. Compared to Arabs in
2625:
A collection of private correspondence published by David Ben Gurion contained a letter written in 1937 which explained that he was in favour of partition because he did not envision a partial Jewish state as the end of the process. Ben Gurion wrote "What we want is not that the country be united and
2101:
had provisionally recognised the communities of Palestine as independent nations. The mandate simply marked a transitory period, with the aim and object of leading the mandated territory to become an independent self-governing State. Judge Higgins explained that the Palestinian people are entitled to
1852:
area, home to more than half the Jewish population, and turned over responsibility for the maintenance of law and order to Jewish police. As the civil war raged on, British military forces gradually withdrew from Palestine, although they occasionally intervened in favour of either side. Many of these
1746:
as Resolution 181 (II), while making some adjustments to the boundaries between the two states proposed by it. The division was to take effect on the date of British withdrawal. The partition plan required that the proposed states grant full civil rights to all people within their borders, regardless
7127:
Quote from a meeting of the Jewish Agency executive in June 1938: " satisfied with part of the country, but on the basis of the assumption that after we build up a strong force following the establishment of the state, we will abolish the partition of the country and we will expand to the whole Land
3423:
There were no further censuses but statistics were maintained by counting births, deaths and migration. By the end of 1936 the total population was approximately 1,300,000, the Jews being estimated at 384,000. The Arabs had also increased their numbers rapidly, mainly as a result of the cessation of
2592:
The League of Nations Permanent Mandates Commission took the position that the Mandate contained a dual obligation. In 1932 the Mandates Commission questioned the representative of the Mandatory on the demands made by the Arab population regarding the establishment of self-governing institutions, in
2232:
The spirit of factionalism has penetrated most levels of society; one can see it among journalists, trainees, and the rank and file. If you ask anyone: who does he support? He will reply with pride, Husseini or Nashasibi, or ... he will start to pour out his wrath against the opposing camp in a most
2072:
contained a safeguarding clause for the existing rights of the non-Jewish communities. The conference accepted the terms of the Mandate with reference to Palestine, on the understanding that there was inserted in the memorandum a legal undertaking by the Mandatory Power that it would not involve the
1865:
was largely inoperative, and government services such as social welfare, water supplies, and postal services were withdrawn. In March 1948, all British judges in Palestine were sent back to Britain. In April 1948, the British withdrew from most of Haifa but retained an enclave in the port area to be
1047:
broke out. The strike lasted until October 1936, instigated by the Arab Higher Committee, headed by Amin al-Husseini. During the summer of that year, thousands of Jewish-farmed acres and orchards were destroyed. Jewish civilians were attacked and killed, and some Jewish communities, such as those in
1008:
and anti-British militant organisation. He recruited and arranged military training for peasants, and by 1935 he had enlisted between 200 and 800 men. They used bombs and firearms against Zionist settlers and vandalised settlers' orchards and British-built railway lines. In November 1935, two of his
5984:
p. 50, at 1947 "Haj Amin al-Husseini went one better: he denounced also the minority report, which, in his view, legitimized the Jewish foothold in Palestine, a "partition in disguise", as he put it."; p. 66, at 1946 "The League demanded independence for Palestine as a "unitary" state, with an Arab
5940:
The National Socialist movement of Greater Germany has, since its inception, inscribed upon its flag the fight against the world Jewry. It has therefore followed with particular sympathy the struggle of freedom-loving Arabs, especially in Palestine, against Jewish interlopers. In the recognition of
2459:
took over from the Zionist Commission its representative functions and administration of the Jewish community. During the Mandate period, the Jewish Agency was a quasi-governmental organisation that served the administrative needs of the Jewish community. Its leadership was elected by Jews from all
812:
1910. Damaged by an earthquake in 1927, this building served as the headquarters and official residence of the British High Commissioners until 1933. In that year, a new, purpose-built headquarters and official residence for the High Commissioner was completed on what was then the southeastern edge
2381:
Many of the editors and owners of newspapers were members of political organizations, and used their publications for mobilizing the public. The British authorities' attitude towards Palestinian press was initially tolerant, given they had assessed that their impact on public life was minimal, but
1689:
had promised before its election in 1945 to allow mass Jewish migration into Palestine but reneged on this promise once in office. Anti-British Jewish militancy increased, and the situation required the presence of over 100,000 British troops in the country. Following the Acre Prison Break and the
1120:
The revolt had also a negative effect on Palestinian Arab leadership, social cohesion, and military capabilities, and it contributed to the outcome of the 1948 War because "when the Palestinians faced their most fateful challenge in 1947β49, they were still suffering from the British repression of
5947:
I am sending my greetings to your eminence and to the participants of the meeting held today in the Reich capital under your chairmanship. Germany is linked to the Arab nation by old ties of friendship, and today we are united more than ever before. The elimination of the socalled Jewish national
2679:
After transition to the British rule, much of the agricultural land in Palestine (about one third of the whole territory) was still owned by the same landowners as under Ottoman rule, mostly powerful Arab clans and local Muslim sheikhs. Other lands had been held by foreign Christian organisations
2137:, of 1922, which implemented the terms of the mandate. It stated that: "No Ordinance shall be passed which shall be in any way repugnant to or inconsistent with the provisions of the Mandate." For the Arabs, this decree was unacceptable, akin to "self murder". As a result, the Arabs boycotted the
2089:
in all parts of the Ottoman Empire. The guarantees have frequently been referred to as "religious rights" or "minority rights". However, the guarantees included a prohibition against discrimination in civil and political matters. Difference of religion could not be alleged against any person as a
2014:
The administration of the Mandate was officially under British Government Service however, the Peel Commission noted that it was unreliable, understaffed, and over-centralised and that racial antagonism between Jews and Arabs had begun affecting the whole Administration. The Jewish Agency and the
1780:
announced, "The partition of the Homeland is illegal. It will never be recognised. The signature by institutions and individuals of the partition agreement is invalid. It will not bind the Jewish people. Jerusalem was and will forever be our capital. Eretz Israel will be restored to the people of
8791:
In June 1947, the British Mandate Government of Palestine had published the following statistics: "It is estimated that over a quarter of the Jewish population in Palestine are Sephardic Jews of whom some 60,000 were born of families resident in Palestine for centuries. The bulk of the Sephardic
5974:
newspaper in January 1942, read: "She couldn't stop thinking about contribution and sacrifice, she felt ongoing pride and exaltation of spirit β when she did what she saw as her sacred duty for her nation and its sons. When your country is crying out to you and asking for your service, when your
2645:
as the basis for discussion. A spokesman for the agency, Eliahu Epstein, told the US State Department that the Agency could not attend the London conference if the Grady-Morrison proposal was on the agenda. He stated that the Agency was unwilling to be placed in a position where it might have to
2640:
In 1946 an Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry noted that the demand for a Jewish State went beyond the obligations of either the Balfour Declaration or the Mandate and had been expressly disowned by the Chairman of the Jewish Agency as recently as 1932. The Jewish Agency subsequently refused to
1768:
Britain announced that it would accept the partition plan, but refused to enforce it, arguing it was not accepted by the Arabs. Britain also refused to share the administration of Palestine with the UN Palestine Commission during the transitional period. In September 1947, the British government
1697:
in 1946 was a joint attempt by Britain and the United States to agree on a policy regarding the admission of Jews to Palestine. In April, the Committee reported that its members had arrived at a unanimous decision. The Committee approved the American recommendation of the immediate acceptance of
1101:
By the time the revolt concluded in March 1939, more than 5,000 Arabs, 400 Jews, and 200 British had been killed and at least 15,000 Arabs were wounded. In total, 10% of the adult Arab male population was killed, wounded, imprisoned, or exiled. From 1936 to 1945, while establishing collaborative
5532:
attributed this to "Zionist pressure, British anti-Arab racism, and lack of resources." He added that "the colonial mentality of the British authorities who deemed the Palestinians yet another colonized people who had to be oppressed, while regarding the Zionist settlers as fellow colonialists,
2587:
In the Balfour Declaration there is no suggestion that the Jews should be accorded a special or favoured position in Palestine as compared with the Arab inhabitants of the country, or that the claims of Palestinians to enjoy self-government (subject to the rendering of administrative advice and
2513:
During the Mandate, the Yishuv grew from one-sixth to almost one-third of the population. According to official records, 367,845 Jews and 33,304 non-Jews immigrated legally between 1920 and 1945. It was estimated that another 50β60,000 Jews and a marginal number of Arabs, the latter mostly on a
694:
Colonel Symes explained that the country was described as "Palestine" by Europeans and as "Falestin" by the Arabs. The Hebrew name for the country was the designation "Land of Israel", and the Government, to meet Jewish wishes, had agreed that the word "Palestine" in Hebrew characters should be
2694:
farmers had 5,484,700 dunams of land under cultivation. The 1945 UN estimate shows that Arab ownership of arable land was on average 68% of a district, ranging from 15% ownership in the Beer-Sheba district to 99% ownership in the Ramallah district. These data cannot be fully understood without
2182:
Under the British Mandate, the office of "Mufti of Jerusalem", traditionally limited in authority and geographical scope, was refashioned into that of "Grand Mufti of Palestine". Furthermore, a Supreme Muslim Council (SMC) was established and given various duties, such as the administration of
1832:
and an "outlet to the Red Sea and the Port of Aqaba". According to John Snetsinger, Chaim Weizmann visited President Truman on 19 November 1947 and said it was imperative that the Negev and Port of Aqaba be within the Jewish state. Truman telephoned the US delegation to the UN and told them he
6179:
Chapter 9: Being Palestine, becoming Palestine, p. 287: "the sense of continuity between the ancient, medieval and modern political geography and naming traditions of Palestine eventually came into play in the designation of the British Mandatory Government of Palestine". The preceding pages,
2525:
grew in Europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Jewish immigration (mostly from Europe) to Palestine began to increase markedly. Combined with the growth of Arab nationalism in the region and increasing anti-Jewish sentiments the growth of the Jewish population created much Arab
951:
established a Legislative Council, which was to consist of 23 members: 12 elected, 10 appointed, and the High Commissioner. Of the 12 elected members, eight were to be Muslim Arabs, two Christian Arabs, and two Jews. Arabs protested against the distribution of the seats, arguing that as they
2579:
has provoked many discussions concerning its meaning, scope and legal character, especially since it had no known legal connotation and there are no precedents in international law for its interpretation. It was used in the Balfour Declaration and in the Mandate, both of which promised the
7006:
p. 11 "while the Zionist movement, after much agonising, accepted the principle of partition and the proposals as a basis for negotiation"; p. 49 "In the end, after bitter debate, the Congress equivocally approvedβby a vote of 299 to 160βthe Peel recommendations as a basis for further
5475:
dairy in 1926. Electric current mainly flowed to Jewish industry, following it to its nestled locations in Tel Aviv and Haifa. Although Tel Aviv had by far more workshops and factories, the demand for electric power for industry was roughly the same for both cities by the early 1930s.
2621:
urged acceptance on the ground that realities must be faced, but wanted modification of the proposed boundaries and Arab administrations in the neutral enclave. The Consul also noted that Nashashibi sidestepped the principle, but was willing to negotiate for favourable modifications.
5948:
home and the liberation of all Arab countries from the oppression and exploitation of the Western powers is an unchangeable part of the Great German Reich policy. Let the hour not be far off when the Arab nation will be able to build its future and find unity in full independence.
1951:
At midnight on 14/15 May 1948, the Mandate for Palestine expired, and the State of Israel came into being. The Palestine Government formally ceased to exist, the status of British forces still in the process of withdrawal from Haifa changed to occupiers of foreign territory, the
9532:
1994:) and moved into areas designated as part of the Arab state by the UN partition plan. The war, which was to last until 1949, would see Israel expand to encompass about 78% of the territory of the former British Mandate, with Transjordan seizing and subsequently annexing the
3321:, a region northeast of the Gaza District, and the southern part of the Beersheba sub-District, sale of land by a Palestinian Arab was forbidden except to a Palestinian Arab with similar exceptions. In the "free zone", which consisted of Haifa Bay, the coastal plain from
7266:
parachuted into Palestine in September 1944. This was one of the last German efforts in the region to attack the Jewish community in Palestine and undermine British rule by supplying local Arabs with cash, arms and sabotage equipment. The team was captured shortly after
650:
The name given to the Mandate's territory was "Palestine", in accordance with local Palestinian Arab and Ottoman usage and with European tradition. The Mandate charter stipulated that Mandatory Palestine would have three official languages: English, Arabic and Hebrew.
1549:
by torpedo and shellfire and machine-gunned survivors in the water, killing between 300 and 400 refugees. Illegal immigration resumed after the end of the Second World War, especially by the Haganah, who carried mostly illegal Jewish immigrants in the period 1945-47.
3432:
and a general improvement in health services. In absolute figures their increase exceeded that of the Jewish population, but proportionally, the latter had risen from 13 per cent of the total population at the census of 1922 to nearly 30 per cent at the end of 1936.
695:
followed in all official documents by the initials which stood for that designation. As a set-off to this, certain of the Arab politicians suggested that the country should be called "Southern Syria" in order to emphasise its close relation with another Arab State.
1707:
had said earlier that to assist Britain in maintaining order against an Arab revolt, an open-ended US commitment of 300,000 troops would be necessary. The immediate admission of 100,000 new Jewish immigrants would almost certainly have provoked an Arab uprising.
2533:
Article 7. The Administration of Palestine shall be responsible for enacting a nationality law. There shall be included in this law provisions framed so as to facilitate the acquisition of Palestinian citizenship by Jews who take up their permanent residence in
1165:, Ben-Gurion explained that partition would be a first step to "possession of the land as a whole". The same sentiment was recorded by Ben-Gurion on other occasions, such as at a meeting of the Jewish Agency executive in June 1938, as well as by Chaim Weizmann.
5536:
Literacy rates in 1932 were 86% for the Jews compared to 22% for the Palestinian Arabs, but Arab literacy rates steadily increased thereafter. By comparison, Palestinian Arab literacy rates were higher than those of Egypt and Turkey, but lower than in Lebanon.
3114:
The land owned privately and collectively by Jews, Arabs and other non-Jews can be classified as urban, rural built-on, cultivable (farmed), and uncultivable. The following chart shows the ownership by Jews, Arabs and other non-Jews in each of the categories.
1861:, even as Jerusalem came under siege by Arab forces and became the scene of fierce fighting, though the British occasionally intervened in the fighting, largely to secure their evacuation routes, including by proclaiming martial law and enforcing truces. The
5291:
Apart from the Religious Courts, the judicial system was modelled on the British one, having a High Court with appellate jurisdiction and the power of review over the Central Court and the Central Criminal Court. The five consecutive Chief Justices were:
2077:
and Palestine, and all of the post-war peace treaties, contained clauses for the protection of religious groups and minorities. The mandates invoked the compulsory jurisdiction of the Permanent Court of International Justice in the event of any disputes.
1361:
1815:
in 1946, the final Assembly of the League of Nations and the General Assembly both adopted resolutions welcoming the news. The Jewish Agency objected, claiming that Transjordan was an integral part of Palestine, and that according to Article 80 of the
5566:
2616:
to approve equivocally the Peel recommendations as a basis for more negotiation. The US Consul General at Jerusalem told the State Department that the Mufti had refused the principle of partition and declined to consider it. The Consul said that the
2090:
ground for exclusion or incapacity in matters relating to the enjoyment of civil or political rights, admission to public employments, functions, and honours, or the exercise of the various professions and industries, "in any locality whatsoever".
2460:
over the world by proportional representation. The Jewish Agency was charged with facilitating Jewish immigration to Palestine, land purchase and planning the general policies of the Zionist leadership. It ran schools and hospitals and formed the
636:, based on its social, political, and economic development. This classification was reserved for post-war mandates with the highest capacity for self-governance. All Class A mandates other than mandatory Palestine had gained independence by 1946.
2526:
resentment. The British government placed limitations on Jewish immigration to Palestine. These quotas were controversial, particularly in the latter years of British rule, and both Arabs and Jews disliked the policy, each for their own reasons.
5283:
system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the
1881:
The British had notified the UN of their intent to terminate the mandate not later than 1 August 1948. However, early in 1948, the United Kingdom announced its firm intention to end its mandate in Palestine on 15 May. In response, President
1723:(the UN Special Committee on Palestine) on 15 May 1947, with representatives from 11 countries. UNSCOP conducted hearings and made a general survey of the situation in Palestine and issued its report on 31 August. Seven members (Canada,
5640:
2571:, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.
1702:
angered the British Government by issuing a statement supporting the 100,000 refugees but refusing to acknowledge the rest of the committee's findings. Britain had asked for U.S. assistance in implementing the recommendations. The
3407:
A discrepancy between the two censuses and records of births, deaths and immigration, led the authors of the second census to postulate the illegal immigration of about 9,000 Jews and 4,000 Arabs during the intervening years.
903:
High Commissioner Samuel tried to establish self-governing institutions in Palestine, as required by the mandate, but the Arab leadership refused to co-operate with any institution which included Jewish participation. When
9328:
Table 2 showing Holdings of Large Jewish Lands Owners as of December 31st, 1945, British Mandate: A Survey of Palestine: Volume I β Page 245. Chapter VIII: Land: Section 3., prepared by the British Mandate for the United
5994:"The Arabs rejected the United Nations Partition Plan so that any comment of theirs did not specifically concern the status of the Arab section of Palestine under partition but rather rejected the scheme in its entirety."
1823:
During the General Assembly deliberations on Palestine, there were suggestions that it would be desirable to incorporate part of Transjordan's territory into the proposed Jewish state. A few days before the adoption of
6614:, I.B. Tauris, London and New York, 2001 p. 38. The 'Jewish Agency', mentioned in article 4 of the Mandate only became the official term in 1928. At the time the organisation was called the Palestine Zionist Executive.
2297:
newspaper featuring a caricature on its 18 June 1936 edition showing Zionism as a crocodile under the protection of a British officer telling Palestinian Arabs: "don't be afraid!!! I will swallow you peacefully...."
1625:"), and the Jewish Agency Executive decided on a series of measures against "terrorist organisations" in Palestine. Irgun ordered its members not to resist or retaliate with violence, so as to prevent a civil war.
7330:
971:, Austria, 1923, it was decided that: "It appears, therefore, to be the duty of all Jews to co-operate in the social-economic reconstruction of Palestine and to assist in the settlement of Jews in that country."
6332:
Nicholson & Watson 1943 pp.383-384.|quote='When . .the first civil issue of Palestine stamps was being designed, strong pressure was exerted on the authorities to render Palestine, in the Hebrew title, by
1109:, which were to prove decisive in 1948. Secondly, it became clear that the two communities could not be reconciled, and the idea of partition was born. Thirdly, the British responded to Arab opposition with the
9226:
By 1948, after several decades of Jewish immigration, the Jewish population of Palestine had risen to about one third of the total, and Jews and Jewish companies owned 20 percent of all cultivable land in the
5609:
2593:
accordance with various articles of the mandate, and in particular Article 2. The chairman noted that "under the terms of the same article, the mandatory Power had long since set up the Jewish National Home".
1176:
which proposed a limit to Jewish immigration from Europe, restrictions on Jewish land purchases, and a programme for creating an independent state to replace the Mandate within ten years. This was seen by the
5959:
For example, Radio Palestine broadcast the comments of an Egyptian writer who said, "The war is between the lofty and humane values represented by England and the forces of darkness represented by the Nazis."
7514:
2646:
compromise between the Grady-Morrison proposals on the one hand and its own partition plan on the other. He stated that the Agency had accepted partition as the solution for Palestine which it favoured.
1292:
As in most of the Arab world, there was no unanimity amongst the Palestinian Arabs as to their position regarding the belligerents in the Second World War. A number of leaders and public figures saw an
2695:
comparing them to those of neighbouring countries: in Iraq, for instance, still in 1951 only 0.3 per cent of registered land (or 50 per cent of the total amount) was categorised as 'private property'.
5288:
arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.
5975:
country makes it plain that our Arab men need your love and support, and when your country reminds you of how cruel the enemy is β when your country is calling you, can you stand by and do nothing?"
2141:
held in 1923, which were subsequently annulled. During the interwar period, the British rejected the principle of majority rule or any other measure that would give Arabs control of the government.
1925:
By 14 May 1948, the only British forces remaining in Palestine were in the Haifa area and in Jerusalem. On that same day, the British garrison in Jerusalem withdrew, and the last High Commissioner,
8871:
p. 210: "Arab illegal immigration is mainly ... casual, temporary and seasonal". pp. 212: "The conclusion is that Arab illegal immigration for the purpose of permanent settlement is insignificant".
5586:
8149:
1197:, which represented the mainstream Zionist leadership and most of the Jewish population, still hoped to persuade Britain to allow resumed Jewish immigration and cooperated with Britain during the
11182:
1751:
supported the resolution. Haiti, Liberia, and the Philippines changed their votes at the last moment after concerted pressure from the US and from Zionist organisations. The five members of the
1117:, even this reduced immigration quota was not reached. The White Paper policy itself radicalised segments of the Jewish population, who after the war would no longer cooperate with the British.
9904:
8792:
community, however, consists of oriental Jews emanating from Syria, Egypt, Persia, Iraq, Georgia, Bokhara and other Eastern countries. They are confined mainly to the larger towns ..." (From:
9350:
8051:
5505:
Under the British Mandate, the country developed economically and culturally. In 1919, the Jewish community founded a centralised Hebrew school system, and the following year established the
3301:
which divided Palestine into three regions with different restrictions on land sales applying to each. In Zone "A", which included the hill-country of Judea as a whole, certain areas in the
1979:. Around 4,500 Transjordanian troops, commanded partly by 38 British officers who had resigned their commissions in the British Army only weeks earlier, including overall commander, General
8464:
6350:
1431:
Besides Jews and Arabs from Palestine, in total by mid-1944 the British had assembled a multiethnic force consisting of volunteer European Jewish refugees (from German-occupied countries),
9158:"Land Ownership in Palestine", CZA, KKL5/1878. The statistics were prepared by the Palestine Lands Department for the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, 1945, ISA, Box 3874/file 1. See
5776:
1956:
formally stood down and was disbanded, with the remaining personnel evacuated alongside British military forces, the British blockade of Palestine was lifted, and all those who had been
13111:
8988:
Memorandum by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, "Palestine: High Commissioners Views on Policy", March 1930, UK National Archives Cabinet Paper CAB/24/211, formerly C.P. 108 (30)
682:
whenever the Mandate's name was mentioned in Hebrew in official documents. The Arab leadership saw this compromise as a violation of the mandate terms. Some Arab politicians suggested "
2475:, a Jewish paramilitary organisation, was formed on 15 June 1920 to defend Jewish residents. Tensions led to widespread violent disturbances on several occasions, notably in 1921 (see
1828:(II) on 29 November 1947, US Secretary of State Marshall noted frequent references had been made by the Ad Hoc Committee regarding the desirability of the Jewish State having both the
10649:
Kamel, Lorenzo. "Whose Land? Land Tenure in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Palestine", "British Journal of Middle Eastern studies" (April 2014), 41, 2, pp. 230β242.
6408:, 2009: "An All-Palestine Congress, known also as the First Congress of the Muslim-Christian Societies, was organised by the MCA and convened in Jerusalem in February 1919." p.220-221
5928:
describes the "British preoccupation with Palestine" and the large increase in European books, articles, travelogues and geographical publications during the 18th and 19th centuries.
5548:
2133:. The British, however, made acceptance of the terms of the mandate a precondition for any change in the constitutional position of the Arabs. A legislative council was proposed in
1402:'s efforts to help Jews escape Europe for Palestine, a role many of its members would continue after the brigade was disbanded. Among its projects was the education and care of the
6942:
6511:
1690:
retaliatory hanging of British sergeants by the Irgun, the British announced their desire to terminate the mandate and to withdraw by no later than the beginning of August 1948.
1553:
After the war, 250,000 Jewish refugees were stranded in displaced persons (DP) camps in Europe. Despite the pressure of world opinion, in particular the repeated requests of the
1917:
2680:(most notably the Greek Orthodox Church), as well as Jewish private and Zionist organisations, and to lesser degree by small minorities of BahΓ‘ΚΌΓs, Samaritans and Circassians.
974:
In October 1923, Britain provided the League of Nations with a report on the administration of Palestine for the period 1920β1922, which covered the period before the mandate.
6243:
of the Ottoman Army, which identified Palestine as a region including the sanjaqs of Akka (the Galilee), the Sanjaq of Nablus, and the Sanjaq of Jerusalem (Kudus Sherif), see
5528:
There were several attempts by the Arab Palestinians to establish an Arab higher education institution, starting from the 1920s, but it did not materialise. Israeli historian
2348:
The Ottoman Press Law, which mandated licensing and the submission of translations to government authorities, was adopted by the British, but they rarely interfered until the
8498:
See paragraphs 49, 70, and 129 of the International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion, Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory
8381:
6180:
p.259-287, document in detail the usage of the term Palestine by native Palestinians from the moment the printing press was introduced into the area in the late 19th century.
1651:
in Jerusalem, the southern wing of which was the headquarters of the British administration, killing 92 people. Following the bombing, the British Government began interning
1348:
newspaper, volunteered to join and fight for the British, with many serving in units that also included Jews from Palestine. 120 Palestinian women also served as part of the
7179:, while the Peel Commission was convening in 1937: "We shall spread in the whole country in the course of time β¦.. this is only an arrangement for the next 25 to 30 years."
7913:
7868:
12922:
9047:
7327:
3313:
sub-District, new agreements for sale of land other than to a Palestinian Arab were forbidden without the High Commissioner's permission. In Zone "B", which included the
1747:
of race, religion or gender. The UN General Assembly is only granted the power to make recommendations; therefore, UNGAR 181 was not legally binding. Both the US and the
1105:
The attacks on the Jewish population by Arabs had three lasting effects: firstly, they led to the formation and development of Jewish underground militias, primarily the
924:
and Muslim leader. As Grand Mufti, as well as in the other influential positions that he held during this period, al-Husseini played a key role in violent opposition to
8217:
796:, a Zionist and a recent British cabinet minister, arrived in Palestine on 20 June 1920 to take up his appointment from 1 July. Samuel established his headquarters and
5702:
686:" (Ψ³ΩΨ±ΩΨ§ Ψ§ΩΨ¬ΩΩΨ¨ΩΨ©) as the Arabic name instead. The British authorities rejected this proposal; according to the Minutes of the Ninth Session of the League of Nations'
1711:
These events were the decisive factors that forced Britain to announce their desire to terminate the Palestine Mandate and place the Question of Palestine before the
7211:
2630:. It envisioned going far beyond any boundaries contained in the existing partition proposals and planned the conquest of the Galilee, the West Bank, and Jerusalem.
6247:
5717:
6418:
5833:
2452:), established since the 1870s. With the establishment of the Mandate, the Jewish community in Palestine formed the Zionist Commission to represent its interests.
1013:
patrol hunting fruit thieves and a policeman was killed. Following the incident, British colonial police launched a search and surrounded al-Qassam in a cave near
7511:
5383:
5275:
whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called
6136:
Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Advisory Opinion of 9 July 2004, 2004 International Court of Justice 63.
13215:
11327:
11026:
9352:
Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on Jewish Problems in Palestine and Europe, J. V. W. Shaw, General Assembly, Special Committee on Palestine, United Nations
9331:
1975:
Over the next few days, approximately 700 Lebanese, 1,876 Syrian, 4,000 Iraqi, and 2,800 Egyptian troops crossed over the borders into Palestine, starting the
9438:
7997:
13235:
6872:
1214:
722:
For the period of Palestine's history between the fall of the Ottoman Empire in 1917β18 and the beginning of British civil administration in July 1920, see
11781:
10798:
10590:
Bar-Yosef, Eitan. "Bonding with the British: Colonial Nostalgia and the Idealization of Mandatory Palestine in Israeli Literature and Culture after 1967."
1078:
and Hebron. British forces, supported by 6,000 armed Jewish auxiliary police, suppressed the widespread riots with overwhelming force. The British officer
2352:, which saw violent confrontations between Arabs and Zionists, and led to a radicalization of Arab newspapers. One outspoken newspaper was established in
13210:
8141:
3338:
734:
1913:
that the state had been proclaimed "within the frontiers approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its Resolution of November 29, 1947".
1129:
89:
13230:
6395:, 2002: "The first were the nationalists, who in 1918 formed the first Muslim-Christian associations to protest against the Jewish national home" p.558
2575:
The United Nations Special Committee on Palestine said the Jewish National Home, which derived from the formulation of Zionist aspirations in the 1897
2212:
1727:, Guatemala, Netherlands, Peru, Sweden, and Uruguay) recommended the creation of independent Arab and Jewish states, with Jerusalem to be placed under
10632:
8267:
2378:
became the two most prominent dailies during the mandate period, and a rivalry developed between the two, which led to improvements in their quality.
2265:. Most of these initiatives were contained and defeated by notables in the pay of the Mandatory Administration, particularly the mufti and his cousin
13185:
12495:
11097:
10938:
7049:
1870:, an airbase close to Haifa, to cover their retreat, leaving behind a volunteer police force to maintain order. The city was quickly captured by the
1039:
The death of al-Qassam on 20 November 1935 generated widespread outrage in the Arab community. Huge crowds accompanied Qassam's body to his grave in
250:
8055:
2106:, and to have their own State." The Court said that specific guarantees regarding freedom of movement and access to the Holy Sites contained in the
1297:
victory as the likely outcome and a way of securing Palestine back from the Zionists and the British. Even though Arabs were not highly regarded by
1090:; these "scored significant successes against the Arab rebels in the lower Galilee and in the Jezreel valley" by conducting raids on Arab villages.
10933:
9397:
Ownership of land in Palestine, Share of Palestinan (sic) Arabs and Jews as of 1 April 1943, prepared by the British Mandate for the United Nations
9383:
7176:
5823:
5259:
1531:
by a Soviet submarine in February 1942 with the loss of nearly 800 lives. The last refugee boats to try to reach Palestine during the war were the
654:
In 1926, the British authorities formally decided to use the traditional Arabic equivalent to the English name, and its Hebrew transcription i.e.
182:
30:
This article is about the geopolitical entity. For the document granting Britain a mandate over both Palestine and the Emirate of Transjordan, see
13089:
Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
9547:
9481:
8998:
8461:
7730:
6624:
6476:
6070:
2438:, the southern part of Ottoman Syria, containing a mixed population of Muslims, Christians, Jews and Druze. In this period, the Jewish community (
11121:
9519:
8806:
7531:
6446:
5506:
763:
8509:
and PAUL J. I. M. DE WAART (2005). "International Court of Justice Firmly Walled in the Law of Power in the IsraeliβPalestinian Peace Process."
2671:
1932:, left the city for Haifa, where he was to leave the country by sea. The Jewish leadership, led by the future Prime Minister, David Ben-Gurion,
1681:
The negative publicity resulting from the situation in Palestine caused the Mandate to become widely unpopular in Britain itself and caused the
7263:
6794:
6512:
https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/culture/2012-04-24/ty-article/a-colonial-room-with-a-view-of-Jerusalem/0000017f-deec-db22-a17f-fefd9e520000
5838:
1638:
1141:
proposed a partition between a small Jewish state, whose Arab population would have to be transferred, and an Arab state to be attached to the
7952:
7326:
Aderet, Ofer. "12,000 Palestinians Fought for U.K. in WWII alongside Jewish Volunteers, Historian Finds." Haaretz.com. Haaretz, May 31, 2019.
1121:
1936β39, and were in effect without a unified leadership. Indeed, it might be argued that they were virtually without any leadership at all."
12654:
10832:
10770:
9717:
9663:
9399:
5732:
2258:
2138:
1243:
1074:
After the Arab rejection of the Peel Commission recommendation, the revolt resumed in autumn 1937. Over the next 18 months, the British lost
1071:
among the Palestinian Arabs, Raghib Nashashibi was forced to flee to Egypt after several assassination attempts ordered by Amin al-Husseini.
953:
582:
5592:
2203:
to become Grand Mufti, although he was young and had received the fewest votes from Jerusalem's Islamic leaders. One of the mufti's rivals,
13082:
13065:
12943:
2690:
According to Clifford A. Wright, by the end of the British Mandate period in 1948, Jewish farmers cultivated 425,450 dunams of land, while
9493:
7231:
1758:
The Jewish Agency, which was the Jewish state-in-formation, accepted the plan, and nearly all the Jews in Palestine rejoiced at the news.
1613:. Moyne was the British Minister of State for the Middle East and the assassination is said by some to have turned British Prime Minister
936:
funds, worth annually tens of thousands of pounds, and the orphan funds, worth annually about Β£50,000, as compared to the Β£600,000 in the
12534:
11092:
9048:"FRUS: Foreign relations of the United States diplomatic papers, 1937. The British Commonwealth, Europe, Near East and Africa: Palestine"
7935:
2111:
1739:
1183:
as betrayal of the mandatory terms, especially in light of the increasing persecution of Jews in Europe. In response, Zionists organised
594:
10673:
Roberts, Nicholas E. "ReβRemembering the Mandate: Historiographical Debates and Revisionist History in the Study of British Palestine."
8300:
6663:
12224:
12218:
11320:
11126:
10598:
8896:
Supplement to Survey of Palestine β Notes compiled for the information of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine β June 1947
8794:
Supplement to Survey of Palestine β Notes compiled for the information of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine β June 1947
7255:
6116:
4127:
4066:
2975:
2940:
1841:
5254:
Under the terms of the August 1922 Palestine Order in Council, the Mandate territory was divided into administrative regions known as
823:, remained in use as the headquarters and official residence of the British High Commissioners until the end of British rule in 1948.
12280:
11033:
9311:
6327:
3861:
3805:
3045:
2819:
2787:
2637:
was adopted as the platform of the World Zionist Organisation. It demanded "that Palestine be established as a Jewish Commonwealth".
2199:). In dealings with the Palestinian Arabs, the British negotiated with the elite rather than the middle or lower classes. They chose
896:
In May 1921, following a disturbance between rival Jewish left-wing protestors and then attacks by Arabs on Jews, almost 100 died in
759:
687:
11053:
10791:
4007:
2905:
2367:
2144:
The terms of the mandate required the establishment of self-governing institutions in both Palestine and Transjordan. In 1947, the
2015:
Arab Higher Committee representing the Jews and the Arabs respectively, had grown to be parallel governments themselves, a case of
1790:
1765:
on November and December 1947, the Arab League then adopted a series of resolutions endorsing a military solution to the conflict.
590:
9496:
A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December, 1945 and January, 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
9356:
A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December, 1945 and January, 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
13225:
10827:
8183:
6846:
5460:
4038:
3777:
2924:
2771:
2283:
1606:
723:
645:
420:
10688:
8867:
A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
8853:
A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
8410:
7846:
13170:
12128:
11048:
8457:
8363:"Plan of partition - Summary of the UK Palestine Royal Commission (Peel Commission) report - League of Nations/Non-UN document"
3951:
3920:
3892:
3833:
3718:
3018:
The table below shows the land ownership of Palestine by large Jewish Corporations (in square kilometres) on 31 December 1945.
2873:
2854:
2838:
2803:
2736:
2567:, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a
1330:. On the other hand, as many as 12,000 Palestinian Arabs, with the endorsement of many prominent figures such as the mayors of
1095:
1034:
586:
8502:
8482:
8224:
4215:
The table below shows the population of the municipal areas of Palestine in 1922, at the start of the mandate period, per the
13205:
12489:
11313:
10697:
Shelef, Nadav G. "From 'Both Banks of the Jordan' to the 'Whole Land of Israel:' Ideological Change in Revisionist Zionism."
10572:
10546:
10518:
10492:
10464:
10429:
10408:
10382:
10343:
10286:
10258:
10230:
10195:
10156:
10119:
10088:
10056:
10028:
10002:
9974:
9939:
9914:
9886:
9861:
9839:
9813:
9781:
9503:
9367:
9254:
9219:
9107:
9086:
9035:
8919:
8839:
8444:
8346:
8125:
8079:
7981:
7897:
7802:
7777:
7731:"UNITED NATIONS CONCILIATION COMMISSION FOR PALESTINE A/AC.25/W/19 30 July 1949: (Working paper prepared by the Secretariat)"
7707:
7637:
7568:
7413:
7355:
7306:
7196:
7146:
7113:
7082:
6992:
6856:
6569:
6544:
6277:
6244:
6213:
6172:
6097:
4155:
3749:
3264:
Data is from Survey of Palestine (vol. II, p. 566). By the end of 1946, Jewish ownership had increased to 1624 km.
2991:
2755:
1969:
610:
447:
1735:) supported the creation of a single federal state containing both Jewish and Arab constituent states. Australia abstained.
1102:
security arrangements with the Jewish Agency, the British confiscated 13,200 firearms from Arabs and 521 weapons from Jews.
13200:
13195:
13190:
12827:
12437:
11663:
6378:
5557:
3376:
area and the region south and east of it), as well as Jews (who accounted for some 11% of the total) and smaller groups of
1933:
964:
2563:
Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the
2178:
against the British Mandate by Arab women. The sign reads "No dialogue, no negotiations until termination of the Mandate."
13240:
13165:
12767:
11549:
11434:
11156:
10784:
9351:
8052:"'U.N. Resolution 181 (II). Future Government of Palestine, Part 1-A, Termination of Mandate, Partition and Independence"
5828:
5808:
5798:
2568:
2134:
1957:
1694:
1562:
842:
793:
312:
202:
7215:
6429:
830:
The formal transfer of Jerusalem to British rule, with a "native priest" reading the proclamation from the steps of the
13220:
12485:
10968:
10538:
10080:
9318:β Map prepared by the Government of Palestine on the instructions of the UN Ad Hoc Committee on the Palestine Question.
3425:
3400:
1844:
broke out between the Arab and Jewish communities, and British authority began to break down. On 16 December 1947, the
886:
633:
543:
78:
10666:
Ravndal, Ellen Jenny. "Exit Britain: British Withdrawal From the Palestine Mandate in the Early Cold War, 1947β1948",
8077:
U.N. Resolution 181 (II). Future Government of Palestine, Part 1-A, Termination of Mandate, Partition and Independence
5748:
72:
12647:
11840:
9579:
7472:
5803:
5647:
5321:
3393:
2655:
2278:
2246:
2098:
997:
17:
10021:
Allenby in Palestine: The Middle East Correspondence of Field Marshal Viscount Allenby June 1917 β October 1919
8934:
See History of Zionism (1600β1918), Volume I, Nahum Sokolow, 1919 Longmans, Green, and Company, London, pp. xxivβxxv
7998:"British Forces in Jerusalem Alerter Following Haifa Victory; Fear Haganah Raid on City β Jewish Telegraphic Agency"
6090:
Allenby in Palestine: The Middle East Correspondence of Field Marshal Viscount Allenby June 1917 β October 1919
2604:, proposed solving the ArabβJewish conflict by partitioning Palestine into two states. The two main Jewish leaders,
12520:
12507:
10869:
10722:
10705:
9494:
prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry. (1991).
9435:
9327:
5255:
3661:
2704:
1891:
1386:, with hand-picked Jewish and also non-Jewish senior officers. On 20 September 1944, an official communiquΓ© by the
1001:
10746:
10684:
Sargent, Andrew. " The British Labour Party and Palestine 1917β1949" (PhD thesis, University of Nottingham, 1980)
10678:
9533:
File:J. B. Barron, ed. Palestine, Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.djvu
6876:
1761:
The partition plan was rejected by the Palestinian Arab leadership and by most of the Arab population. Meeting in
1495:. Tens of thousands of European Jews escaped the Nazis in boats and small ships headed for Palestine. The British
1390:
announced the formation of the Jewish Brigade Group of the British Army. The Jewish Brigade then was stationed in
13175:
12736:
12467:
11305:
11146:
10222:
9359:
5624:
1652:
1421:
1305:
encouraged Arab support as a counter to British hegemony. On the anniversary of the Balfour Declaration in 1943,
789:
8018:
7089:
Establishing a state β¦. will serve as a very potent lever in our historical effort to redeem the whole country"
6347:
2583:
In March 1930, Lord Passfield, the Secretary of State for the Colonies, had written a Cabinet Paper which said:
869:
An Arab "protest gathering" in session, in the Rawdat el Maaref hall, 1929. From left to right : unknown β
13030:
12558:
12172:
12066:
11883:
11567:
11065:
7510:
Howard Adelman, "UNSCOP and the Partition Recommendation." (Centre for Refugee Studies, York University, 2009)
7057:
5656:
5577:
5522:
5361:
3429:
2250:
2094:
1594:
1425:
563:
7819:
2309:
in 1914, only two of the three leading newspapers of the Ottoman era were reopened during the mandate period,
1901:
1647:
and carry out several attacks and bombings against the British administration. In 1946, the Irgun blew up the
1193:, a small group of extremist Zionists, staged armed attacks on British authorities in Palestine. However, the
12840:
12604:
12355:
11796:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
11693:
11625:
6681:
5686:
3356:
1349:
743:
10023:. Army Records Society. Vol. 22. Phoenix Mill, Thrupp, Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing Ltd.
8480:
See the Judgment in "Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory"
8268:"Palestine Passports Cease to Give British Protection After May Govt. Announces β Jewish Telegraphic Agency"
6092:. Army Records Society. Vol. 22. Phoenix Mill, Thrupp, Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing Ltd.
6071:"League of Nations decision confirming the Principal Allied Powers' agreement on the territory of Palestine"
5782:
Movement and curfew pass, issued under the authority of the British Military Commander, East Palestine, 1946
2543:
In 1919, the general secretary (and future President) of the Zionist Organisation, Nahum Sokolow, published
2073:
surrender of the rights hitherto enjoyed by the non-Jewish communities in Palestine. The draft mandates for
1565:
that 100,000 Jews be immediately granted entry to Palestine, the British maintained the ban on immigration.
13160:
12640:
12090:
12014:
11990:
11984:
11341:
11294:
10953:
10822:
5793:
3403:, of 1931, gave a total population of 1,035,154 of whom 73.4% were Muslim, 16.9% Jewish and 8.6% Christian.
1984:
1965:
1728:
527:
10629:
7046:
3582:
944:
courts in Palestine. Among other functions, these courts had the power to appoint teachers and preachers.
808:
on what was then the northeastern edge of Jerusalem, a building that had been constructed for the Germans
13180:
13057:
12723:
11573:
11003:
10963:
10739:
9773:
8883:
The population of Palestine: population history and statistics of the late Ottoman period and the Mandate
6586:
Confronting an Empire, Constructing a Nation: Arab Nationalists and Popular Politics in Mandate Palestine
6240:
5349:
2601:
2456:
1887:
606:
64:
9544:
9002:
8979:
See the report of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine, UN Document A/364, 3 September 1947
8039:
The Arab-Israeli Wars: War and Peace in the Middle East from the 1948 War of Independence to the Present
6800:
6628:
6484:
6074:
5671:
2505:
12795:
12572:
12546:
12443:
12212:
11267:
10187:
7734:
6148:
From Coexistence to Conquest, International Law and the Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1891β1949
5616:
2675:
Palestinian index of villages and settlements, showing land in Jewish possession as of 31 December 1944
2086:
1644:
1414:
707:; it is not related to the word's more commonplace usage as a synonym for "compulsory" or "necessary".
622:
461:
58:
8810:
7535:
6450:
6015:
5407:
2398:, emergency laws were enacted and the British closed almost all the newspapers, with the exception of
1454:
ship, one of several Haganah ships that carried Jewish immigrants from Europe, mostly illegal, at the
13086:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
12729:
12685:
12407:
12118:
11793:
11763:
11521:
7653:
Sarsar, Saliba (2004). "The question of Palestine and United States behavior at the United Nations".
1976:
1323:
1169:
913:
801:
704:
555:
344:
103:
8287:(1992). "Expulsion of the Palestinians." Institute for Palestine Studies, this edition 2001, p. 175.
7953:"Violence Ebbs; British Police Withdrawn from Tel Aviv and Its Environs β Jewish Telegraphic Agency"
3022:
Land ownership of Palestine by large Jewish Corporations (in square kilometres) on 31 December 1945
2448:), which had existed for centuries, and the newly established agricultural Zionist communities (the
12910:
12618:
12565:
12473:
12431:
12395:
12349:
11964:
11613:
11555:
11172:
11167:
10998:
10296:
Louis, Wm. Roger (1969). "The United Kingdom and the Beginning of the Mandates System, 1919β1922".
10038:
9431:
8307:"In 1948 half of Palestine's 1.4 million Arabs were uprooted from their homes and became refugees".
7430:
7172:
7169:
6780:
6776:
5709:
5554:
4216:
2665:
2191:
and local muftis. In Ottoman times, these duties had been fulfilled by the Imperial bureaucracy in
1961:
1926:
1667:
1648:
1319:
909:
597:
to divide the territory into two states, one Arab and one Jewish, was passed in November 1947. The
546:
that it would honour Arab independence in case of a revolt but, in the end, the United Kingdom and
9455:
9396:
9271:
9137:
See Foreign relations of the United States, 1946, The Near East and Africa Volume VII, pp. 692β693
8338:
Zionism's Maritime Revolution: The Yishuv's Hold on the Land of Israel's Sea and Shores, 1917β1948
2660:
1894:
passed the necessary legislation to terminate the Mandate with the Palestine Bill, which received
1447:
1113:, which severely restricted Jewish land purchase and immigration. However, with the advent of the
13127:
12959:
12834:
12802:
12783:
12449:
12401:
12343:
12052:
11996:
11372:
11188:
10943:
10837:
10484:
9027:
8664:
5510:
5487:
5456:
5267:
2415:
2161:
2107:
2082:
1834:
1511:
747:
8703:"Anatomy of the 1936β39 Revolt: Images of the Body in Political Cartoons of Mandatory Palestine"
7184:
Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought, 1882β1948
7134:
Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought, 1882β1948
1067:
During the first stages of the Arab Revolt, due to rivalry between the clans of al-Husseini and
12598:
12579:
12455:
12419:
12191:
12179:
12078:
11958:
11946:
11834:
11789:
11777:
11408:
11256:
10993:
10456:
9805:
9068:, David Ben Gurion, translated by Aubry Hodes, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1971 pp. 153β157
7629:
5448:
5312:
5276:
2613:
2262:
1953:
1875:
1862:
1845:
1808:
1682:
1634:
1315:
1162:
1158:
1142:
929:
819:
by the Jewish population, this building, located on the 'Hill of Evil Counsel' on the ridge of
662:(Χ€ΦΌΧΧ©ΧΧͺΧΧ Χ) respectively. The Jewish leadership proposed that the proper Hebrew name should be
585:
in both the Jewish and Arab communities. Competing interests of the two populations led to the
327:
238:
8336:
8115:
7971:
7930:
7228:
7157:
7138:
7132:
7103:
6722:
5497:, was as advanced as any other Arab society in the region and considerably more than several.
3396:
of 1922 showed a population of 757,182, of whom 78% were Muslim, 11% Jewish and 10% Christian.
3348:
758:
formed in March 1918 and actively promoted Zionist objectives in Palestine. On 19 April 1920,
13137:
12743:
11898:
11675:
11657:
11466:
11397:
10948:
10928:
9966:
9240:
8909:
8462:β Minutes of the Permanent Mandates Commission/League of Nations 32nd session, 18 August 1937
8297:
8249:
7887:
7558:
7296:
7188:
7182:
6660:
4258:
2311:
2200:
2028:
1407:
1146:
826:
716:
567:
547:
509:
31:
10595:
10364:
10177:
8578:
See Foreign relations of the United States, 1947. The Near East and Africa Volume V, p. 1033
7252:
6203:
6113:
13048:
12866:
12779:
12713:
12691:
12592:
12552:
12461:
12425:
12363:
12288:
11976:
11711:
11705:
11699:
11043:
11008:
8553:"Palestine. The Constitution Suspended., Arab Boycott Of Elections., Back To British Rule"
8316:
Appendix IX-B, 'The Arab Expeditionary Forces to Palestine, 15/5/48, Khalidi, 1971, p. 867.
5764:
5678:
5615:
The surrender of Jerusalem by the Ottomans to the British on 9 December 1917 following the
3364:
In 1920, the majority of the approximately 750,000 people in this multi-ethnic region were
3035:
2618:
2480:
2349:
2317:
2242:
2216:
2204:
1406:. Later, veterans of the Jewish Brigade were to play a major role in the foundation of the
1094:, a Jewish militia group, used violence also against Arab civilians as "retaliatory acts",
1083:
1079:
993:
978:
885:
One of the first actions of the newly installed civil administration was to begin granting
878:
850:
782:
566:
in Palestine. Mandatory Palestine was then established in 1920, and the British obtained a
11275:
9308:
8362:
5861:, but, in later years, a variety of other names and descriptors have been used, including
1025:
157:
8:
12527:
12330:
12237:
12185:
12072:
12060:
12040:
11940:
11731:
11643:
10864:
9854:
The Palestine Triangle: the Struggle Between the British, the Jews and the Arabs, 1935β48
8396:
7666:
6644:"Palestine. The Constitution Suspended. Arab Boycott Of Elections. Back To British Rule"
6041:
5247:
3437:
2642:
2564:
2556:
2069:
1867:
1492:
1463:
1110:
751:
559:
7444:
6779:
were created and equipped with trucks and armoured cars by the British working with the
3372:
population (estimated at 103,331 at the time of the 1922 census and concentrated in the
2110:(1878) had been preserved under the terms of the Palestine Mandate and a chapter of the
1275:, raising a fear that they would conquer Palestine. This period was referred to as the "
750:
in Jerusalem. It was aimed primarily at representative government and opposition to the
700:
12773:
12755:
12695:
12586:
12312:
12274:
12250:
12231:
12122:
11669:
11595:
11561:
11460:
11440:
11366:
11261:
11016:
10894:
10313:
9513:
9377:
9291:
8962:
8944:
8284:
7678:
7622:
7602:
7593:
Roosevelt, Kermit (1948). "The Partition of Palestine: A lesson in pressure politics".
7379:
6310:
5600:
5596:
5420:
5340:
5330:
3436:
Some components such as illegal immigration could only be estimated approximately. The
3322:
2435:
2421:
2208:
2103:
2038:
1673:
1622:
1474:
started shortly thereafter and once the 15,000 annual quota was exceeded, Jews fleeing
1060:, fled to safer areas. The violence abated for about a year while the British sent the
797:
755:
598:
502:
490:
174:
9718:"Why Only a Hebrew University? The Tale of the Arab University in Mandatory Jerusalem"
9120:
7056:, Obtained from the Ben-Gurion Archives in Hebrew, and translated into English by the
1307:
13133:
12719:
12337:
12302:
12034:
11922:
11870:
11864:
11848:
11687:
11681:
11631:
11601:
11531:
11077:
10988:
10685:
10568:
10542:
10514:
10488:
10460:
10450:
10425:
10404:
10378:
10339:
10317:
10282:
10254:
10226:
10191:
10152:
10141:
10115:
10084:
10052:
10024:
9998:
9970:
9935:
9910:
9882:
9857:
9835:
9809:
9777:
9499:
9363:
9295:
9250:
9215:
9103:
9082:
9031:
8915:
8835:
8440:
8418:
8342:
8121:
7977:
7893:
7854:
7798:
7773:
7703:
7682:
7670:
7633:
7564:
7409:
7372:"United States: British Collaboration on Illegal Immigration to Palestine, 1945-1947"
7351:
7302:
7192:
7142:
7109:
7078:
6988:
6852:
6565:
6540:
6294:
6273:
6209:
6168:
6093:
5813:
5464:
5302:
3551:
2664:
Map of Palestinian land ownership by sub-district (1945) originally published in the
2425:
2266:
2145:
1991:
1716:
1704:
1686:
1614:
1479:
1276:
774:
571:
506:
7768:
Stefan Brooks (2008). "Palestine, British Mandate for". In Spencer C. Tucker (ed.).
7247:
Secret World War II documents released by the UK in July 2001, include documents on
1621:
kidnapped, interrogated, and turned over to the British many members of the Irgun ("
1161:
to equivocally approve the Peel recommendations as a basis for more negotiation. In
13090:
13023:
13015:
13007:
12935:
12846:
12814:
12701:
12501:
12413:
12198:
11724:
11717:
11619:
11504:
11449:
11241:
10958:
10528:
10305:
9849:
9434:
of Inquiry), vol. 1, chapter VIII, section 7, Government Printer of Jerusalem, pp.
9283:
9272:"Whose Land? Land Tenure in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Palestine"
8714:
8514:
8499:
8479:
7662:
6306:
5739:
5452:
5345:
5279:. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified
5243:
2634:
2609:
2518:
2165:
1999:
1980:
1740:
the UN General Assembly, voting 33 to 13, with 10 abstentions, adopted a resolution
1659:
1602:
1504:
1467:
1403:
1311:
1231:
1227:
1198:
1173:
1154:
1114:
1010:
948:
921:
905:
897:
890:
854:
618:
268:
127:
11335:
8076:
6245:
Ottoman Conceptions of Palestine-Part 2: Ethnography and Cartography, Salim Tamari
1279:". This event was the direct cause for the founding, with British support, of the
932:
which had been established by Samuel in December 1921. The Council controlled the
13043:
12820:
12749:
12540:
12479:
12318:
12002:
11904:
11607:
11246:
11087:
10750:
10726:
10709:
10692:
10636:
10602:
10532:
10478:
10419:
10368:
10335:
10329:
10276:
10248:
10216:
10181:
10109:
10074:
10042:
9992:
9960:
9925:
9872:
9799:
9767:
9551:
9442:
9403:
9335:
9315:
9287:
9209:
8506:
8486:
8468:
8304:
8083:
7939:
7697:
7518:
7334:
7259:
7248:
7235:
7053:
6982:
6946:
6937:
6667:
6373:
6354:
6267:
6251:
6162:
6120:
5893:
5878:
5818:
5296:
2597:
2130:
2126:
1945:
1941:
1929:
1910:
1883:
1699:
1558:
1524:
1417:
1298:
1138:
1061:
874:
870:
602:
520:
371:
263:
214:
135:
131:
10218:
From Haven to Conquest: Readings in Zionism and the Palestine Problem Until 1948
6368:
5533:
feared that such a university would enhance the Palestinian national movement."
2269:. A six-month general strike in 1936 marked the start of the great Arab Revolt.
1628:
1149:. The proposal was rejected outright by the Arabs. The two main Jewish leaders,
670:). The final compromise was to append the initials of the Hebrew proposed name,
12928:
12916:
12761:
12377:
12306:
12295:
12084:
12046:
11952:
11916:
11910:
11876:
11414:
11337:
11021:
10889:
10882:
10776:
10173:
10136:
10105:
9956:
8439:
See Defending the Rights of Others, by Carol Fink, Cambridge University, 2006,
7277:
6205:
Hamidian Palestine: Politics and Society in the District of Jerusalem 1872β1908
5912:
5468:
5272:
3416:
3314:
2605:
2302:
2288:
2192:
2122:
2118:
2074:
1937:
1906:
1837:
excluded territories of the Emirate of Transjordan from any Jewish settlement.
1825:
1777:
1769:
announced that the Mandate for Palestine would end at midnight on 14 May 1948.
1724:
1712:
1554:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1235:
1150:
1053:
1044:
858:
846:
831:
815:
683:
667:
539:
531:
524:
365:
107:
10714:
Sinanoglou, Penny. "British Plans for the Partition of Palestine, 1929β1938."
10309:
8518:
6939:
Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization
2547:. He also represented the Zionist Organisation at the Paris Peace Conference.
960:, the results were annulled and a 12-member Advisory Council was established.
865:
13154:
12969:
12789:
11970:
11854:
11209:
10731:
10474:
10212:
10076:
Politics in Palestine: Arab Factionalism and Social Disintegration, 1939β1948
8718:
7674:
6557:
6323:
5433:
5335:
5308:
4122:
3306:
2683:
As of 1931, the territory of the British Mandate of Palestine was 26,625,600
2576:
2522:
2442:) in Palestine was composed of traditional Jewish communities in cities (the
2431:
1663:
1598:
1499:
intercepted many of the vessels; others were unseaworthy and were wrecked; a
1455:
1432:
1194:
937:
820:
551:
386:
10360:
8250:"Our Documents β Press Release Announcing U.S. Recognition of Israel (1948)"
8096:
5560:'s final attacks of the Palestine Campaign gave Britain control of the area.
5529:
3586:
Map of the municipalities in Mandatory Palestine by population count (1945)
2703:
The following table shows the 1945 land ownership of mandatory Palestine by
1536:
1413:
From the Palestine Regiment, two platoons, one Jewish, under the command of
952:
constituted 88% of the population, having only 43% of the seats was unfair.
12999:
12707:
12268:
12262:
12243:
12008:
11743:
11650:
11589:
11583:
11216:
11202:
10902:
10325:
10148:
10048:
9801:
The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-Settlement and the Arabs, 1878β1948
9763:
9024:
Partner to Partition: The Jewish Agency's Partition Plan in the Mandate Era
7070:
7034:
6978:
5693:
4771:
2691:
2491:
conducted campaigns of violence against British military and Arab targets.
2406:, due to the moderation of their tone and the publishing of censored news.
2395:
2149:
1895:
1748:
1586:
1478:
persecution were interned in detention camps or deported to places such as
1466:, the British reduced the number of immigrants allowed into Palestine. The
1383:
1378:
On 3 July 1944, the British government consented to the establishment of a
1268:
1264:
1239:
1190:
1057:
1005:
912:, died in March 1921, High Commissioner Samuel appointed his half-brother,
805:
614:
153:
8617:
5395:
2555:
One of the objectives of British administration was to give effect to the
2517:
Initially, Jewish immigration to Palestine met little opposition from the
1685:
to delay granting the British vital loans for reconstruction. The British
562:
of 1917, in which Britain promised its support for the establishment of a
13116:
12612:
12513:
12324:
11928:
11828:
11543:
11537:
11038:
8911:
The Statehood of Palestine: International Law in the Middle East Conflict
8397:"Summary of the work of the League of Nations, January 1920 β March 1922"
7918:
United States Department of State, Foreign relations of the United States
6263:
5925:
3381:
2479:), 1929 (primarily violent attacks by Arabs on Jews – see
2476:
2306:
2238:
1752:
1436:
1294:
516:
10719:
10702:
10623:
Partition of Palestine, The: Decision Crossroads in the Zionist Movement
10421:
The Balfour Declaration: Empire, the Mandate and Resistance in Palestine
10401:
Britain, the Hashemites and Arab Rule, 1920β1925: The Sherifian Solution
7755:
7105:
Beyond Chutzpah: On the Misuse of Anti-semitism and the Abuse of History
2222:
On the Husseini-Nashashibi rivalry, an editorial in the Arabic-language
1573:
12389:
12370:
12113:
11892:
11511:
11428:
11223:
11082:
10743:
10374:
10111:
Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness
9430:(Prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the information of the
7606:
7383:
7371:
6057:
5755:
5631:
4853:
4253:
4248:
4238:
2627:
2488:
2444:
2237:
There had already been rioting and attacks on and massacres of Jews in
2155:
2003:
1817:
1732:
1496:
1395:
1387:
1368:
1272:
1185:
1087:
1068:
917:
626:
9242:
Facts and Fables (RLE Israel and Palestine): The Arab-Israeli Conflict
6612:
A Broken Trust: Herbert Samuel, Zionism and the Palestinians 1920β1925
3297:
In February 1940, the British Government of Palestine promulgated the
2434:
by British forces in 1917 found a mixed community in the region, with
1795:
1617:
against the Zionist cause. After the assassination of Lord Moyne, the
13035:
11888:
11637:
11421:
10609:
Britain's Moment in Palestine: Retrospect and Perspectives, 1917β1948
10446:
9931:
9878:
9246:
7973:
Britain's Moment in Palestine: Retrospect and Perspectives, 1917β1948
5576:
with British troops on 11 December 1917 (Allenby was later created a
5573:
5514:
5099:
5058:
4976:
4730:
4402:
4279:
3660:
The following table gives the religious demography of each of the 16
3373:
3310:
2559:, which was also set out in the preamble of the mandate, as follows:
2338:
2334:
2322:
2175:
1995:
1854:
1528:
1518:
1487:
1471:
1335:
1014:
117:
10331:
Righteous Victims: A History of the ZionistβArab Conflict, 1881β1999
10250:
From Dust to Digital: Ten Years of the Endangered Archives Programme
9079:
Righteous Victims: A History of the ZionistβArab Conflict, 1881β1999
8999:"PERMANENT MANDATES COMMISSION MINUTES OF THE TWENTY-SECOND SESSION"
8702:
7298:
Germany and the Middle East: From Kaiser Wilhelm II to Angela Merkel
7075:
Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881β1998
7047:
Letter from David Ben-Gurion to his son Amos, written 5 October 1937
3339:
Demographic history of Palestine (region) Β§ British Mandate era
1888:
statement on 25 March proposing UN trusteeship rather than partition
558:βan act of betrayal in the eyes of the Arabs. Another issue was the
501:
was a geopolitical entity that existed between 1920 and 1948 in the
12963:
12878:
12157:
12109:
11858:
11785:
11771:
11767:
11737:
11525:
10877:
8456:
See the Statement of the Principal Accredited Representative, Hon.
7758:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition, 2006. 15 May 2006.
5970:
5518:
4935:
4894:
4812:
4689:
4607:
4094:
3119:
Land ownership of Palestine (in square kilometres) on 1 April 1943
2956:
2342:
2293:
2224:
2196:
2050:
1853:
areas became war zones. The British maintained strong presences in
1849:
1515:
1391:
1344:
1247:
1219:
792:
replaced the military administration. The first High Commissioner,
742:
Following the arrival of the British, Arab inhabitants established
381:
273:
10143:
The Iron Cage: The Story of the Palestinian Struggle for Statehood
9832:
How Israel Was Won: A Concise History of the ArabβIsraeli Conflict
9121:"Avalon Project β Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry β Chapter V"
8379:
See Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States
5857:
During its existence the territory was officially known simply as
5646:
The Palestine Archaeological Museum (PAM; known since 1967 as the
5371:
3426:
military conscription imposed on the country by the Ottoman Empire
2257:), which called for a boycott of the British in the manner of the
1643:
The three main Jewish underground forces later united to form the
1082:(who supported a Zionist revival for religious reasons) organised
601:
ended with the territory of Mandatory Palestine divided among the
12872:
12205:
12165:
11758:
11515:
11474:
11134:
10842:
10452:
One Palestine, Complete: Jews and Arabs Under the British Mandate
9927:
Mandated Landscape: British Imperial Rule in Palestine, 1929β1948
9906:
Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services
8023:
7772:. Vol. 3. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 770.
6760:
Palestine and the ArabβIsraeli Conflict: A History with Documents
6506:
4228:
3411:
3369:
2472:
2461:
2358:
2170:
1871:
1618:
1500:
1399:
1286:
1281:
1106:
957:
941:
925:
778:
746:
in all of the major towns. In 1919 they joined to hold the first
169:
149:
10616:
Mandated landscape: British imperial rule in Palestine 1929β1948
9498:. Vol. 1. Institute for Palestine Studies. pp. 12β13.
6048:
Scan of the original document at the National Library of Israel.
2471:
In response to numerous Arab attacks on Jewish communities, the
1326:, to read out for a radio broadcast to a rally of supporters in
837:
12882:
12257:
12022:
11800:
11402:
11236:
11196:
11139:
10765:
10639:", Washington, D.C., American Council on Public Affairs, (1942)
9664:"Haifa's glass house transparent, but still an Israeli mystery"
9482:
The Political History of Palestine under British Administration
5493:
5311:(1936β1941; knighted in 1938) (afterwards Chief Justice of the
5140:
4648:
4484:
4443:
4263:
3979:
3365:
2889:
2529:
Jewish immigrants were to be afforded Palestinian citizenship:
2500:
2439:
1812:
1755:, who were voting members at the time, voted against the Plan.
1720:
1578:
1331:
1327:
1259:
1179:
1172:
in February and March 1939, the British Government published a
1075:
1049:
996:
arrived in Palestine from Syria, then part of the French-ruled
990:
968:
767:
578:
535:
486:
433:
8749:
6963:
One State, Two States: Resolving the Israel/Palestine Conflict
6848:
Holy War in Judaism: The Fall and Rise of a Controversial Idea
1597:
against the British Mandate in the 1940s. On 6 November 1944,
12383:
12105:
11577:
10178:"The Palestinians and 1948: the underlying causes of failure"
6406:
A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Second Edition
5663:
5480:
5472:
5017:
4566:
4525:
4361:
4320:
4268:
4243:
3652:
3385:
3377:
3326:
3318:
3302:
3275:
2684:
2484:
2353:
2330:
2326:
1858:
1829:
1820:, the Jewish people had a secured interest in its territory.
1800:
1773:
1762:
1656:
1629:
After the Second World War: Insurgency and the Partition Plan
1610:
1590:
1339:
1302:
1251:
1133:
Jewish demonstration against White Paper in Jerusalem in 1939
1091:
1040:
671:
161:
145:
8144:
Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel: 14 May 1948
7851:
Historical Jewish Press, Tel Aviv University, Palestine Post
788:
In July 1920, a British civilian administration headed by a
11934:
9562:
9560:
8855:. Vol. 1. Palestine: Govt. printer. 1946. p. 185.
8773:
8198:
J. Sussmann (1950). "Law and Judicial Practice in Israel".
8113:
7836:, by H. Duncan Hall, Carnegie Endowment, 1948, pp. 266β267.
6865:
6104:
Allenby to Robertson 25 January 1918 in Hughes 2004, p. 128
5723:
4233:
2509:
Jewish immigration to Mandatory Palestine from 1920 to 1945
2188:
2184:
2085:, signed on 13 July 1878, dealt with religious freedom and
1545:
in August 1944. A Soviet submarine sank the motor schooner
1475:
1420:, and another Arab, were sent to join Allied forces on the
933:
675:
9739:
9545:
The Palestine Order in Council, 10 August 1922, article 11
9189:
8761:
8739:
8737:
8735:
8560:
6183:
6127:, Vol. 11, p. 862, Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1972
2483:) and 1936β1939. Beginning in 1936, Jewish groups such as
1807:
When the United Kingdom announced the independence of the
1485:
Starting in 1939, a clandestine immigration effort called
956:
took place in February and March 1923, but due to an Arab
703:" indicates that the entity's legal status derived from a
9698:
9618:
9102:, by Shlomo Ben-Ami, Oxford University Press, USA, 2006,
8834:, by Caplan, Neil. London and Totowa, NJ: F. Cass, 1978.
8682:
8605:
8535:
8523:
7556:
6357:(Arab Grievances), Held at Geneva from 8 to 25 June 1926,
5444:
other countries, Palestinian Arabs earned slightly more.
1972:
took place both before and after the end of the Mandate.
889:
over key economic assets. In 1921 the government granted
9606:
9594:
9557:
8200:
Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law
6039:
5968:
A British recruiting poster in Arabic, published in the
5834:
List of post offices in the British Mandate of Palestine
5483:, where many housing projects were built for employees.
3103:
Data is from Survey of Palestine (vol. I, p. 245).
1360:
9100:
Scars of war, Wounds of Peace: The IsraeliβArab Tragedy
8732:
8394:
8185:
Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
7031:
The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East
6419:"First Arab Congress 1919 Paris Resolution (in Arabic)"
1921:
Hoisting of the Yishuv flag in Tel Aviv, 1 January 1948
1866:
used in the evacuation of British forces, and retained
1442:
1043:. A few months later, in April 1936, the Arab national
715:
For the background to the creation of the mandate, see
313:
Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
10480:
Land and Power: The Zionist Resort to Force, 1881β1948
9686:
9674:
9630:
9177:
8645:
8633:
8593:
8581:
7655:
International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society
6984:
The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited
6903:
5348:
founded the Palestine Electric Company (to become the
3317:, eastern Galilee, a parcel of coastal plain south of
2565:
declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917
2464:. The British authorities offered to create a similar
1944:, on the afternoon of 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708 in the
1338:
and media such as "Radio Palestine" and the prominent
12988:
12121:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
9207:
9165:
7282:
Mufti of Jerusalem; the story of Haj Amin el Husseini
7016:'Zionists Ready To Negotiate British Plan As Basis',
6915:
6599:
Islamic Endowments in Jerusalem under British Mandate
6560:(2003). "al-Husayni, Amin". In Mattar, Philip (ed.).
6369:"Mandatory Palestine: What It Was and Why It Matters"
2249:. There was also support for the radical nationalist
1772:
Some Jewish organisations also opposed the proposal.
1257:
In 1942, there was a period of great concern for the
1189:, a programme of illegal immigration into Palestine.
916:, to the position. Amin al-Husseini, a member of the
577:
During the Mandate, the area saw successive waves of
10183:
The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948
9484:, Memorandum to the United Nations Special Committee
7942:, p. 348. William Roger Louis, Clarendon Press, 1984
7020:
Thursday, 12 August 1937; p. 10; Issue 47761; col B.
5901:
5886:
2156:
Palestinian Arab leadership and national aspirations
1742:
recommending the adoption and implementation of the
1289:(a paramilitary group composed mostly of reserves).
928:. In 1922, al-Husseini was elected President of the
10511:
Mandate Days: British Lives in Palestine, 1918β1948
9140:
7889:
Truman, the Jewish vote, and the creation of Israel
7795:
Mandate Days: British Lives in Palestine, 1918β1948
7624:
Truman, the Jewish vote, and the creation of Israel
6987:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 11, 48, 49.
6610:Excluding funds for land purchases. Sahar Huneidi,
3360:
Population distribution near the end of the Mandate
3343:
1510:, killing 267 people; two other ships were sunk by
10370:The Making of the ArabβIsraeli Conflict, 1947β1951
10140:
9769:Jordan: A Study in Political Development 1923β1965
7621:
6537:Palestine Jewry and the Arab Question, 1917 β 1925
6239:("Palestine Document") is a country survey of the
5708:Supreme Military Tribunal of the British Mandate,
1568:
1086:of British soldiers and Jewish volunteers such as
8945:"The Avalon Project : The Palestine Mandate"
8097:"President Truman's Trusteeship Statement β 1948"
7097:
7095:
7077:, Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, p. 138,
6844:
6346:League of Nations, Permanent Mandate Commission,
6114:Article 22, The Covenant of the League of Nations
1398:, and Austria, where it played a key role in the
940:'s annual budget. In addition, he controlled the
246:β’ Parliamentary body of the Jewish community
234:β’ Parliamentary body of the Muslim community
13152:
10806:
10654:Britain, Palestine and Empire: The Mandate Years
9991:Gorman, Anthony; Monciaud, Didier, eds. (2018).
8832:Palestine Jewry and the Arab Question, 1917β1925
7932:The British Empire in the Middle East, 1945β1951
7406:The Mauritius Affair, The Boat People of 1940β41
6151:. London, New York: Pluto Press, 2009.
5824:High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan
5650:), built in Jerusalem during the British Mandate
3013:
2711:Land ownership of Palestine in 1945 by district
10661:The People's Peace: British history 1945 β 1990
9580:"H.h. Trusted Named Chief Justice of Palestine"
8907:
7969:
7294:
7108:, University of California Press, p. 280,
6873:"Aljazeera: The history of Palestinian revolts"
1017:. In the ensuing battle, al-Qassam was killed.
984:
9990:
9650:Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine
9346:
9344:
8869:. Vol. 1. Palestine: Govt. printer. 1946.
8755:
7817:
7276:
7092:
7029:Eran, Oded (2002). "Arab-Israel Peacemaking."
6524:Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine
5839:Postage stamps and postal history of Palestine
5726:in Jerusalem, built during the British Mandate
5455:, and was later absorbed into a newly created
5427:) and Hebrew; the latter includes the acronym
5238:
3270:
2272:
1988:region encompassing Jerusalem and its environs
13216:States and territories disestablished in 1948
12648:
11321:
10792:
10180:. In Eugene L. Rogan & Avi Shlaim (ed.).
9994:The Press in the Middle East and North Africa
9874:The Boundaries of Modern Palestine, 1840β1947
9211:Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries
7792:
7770:The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
7767:
7699:1948: a history of the first Arab-Israeli war
7695:
6564:(Revised ed.). New York: Facts On File.
6447:"Palestine Through History: A Chronology (I)"
5479:The country's largest industrial zone was in
2698:
2468:but this offer was rejected by Arab leaders.
2022:
1784:
1285:β a highly trained regular unit belonging to
27:British League of Nations mandate (1920β1948)
13236:1948 disestablishments in the British Empire
13083:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
13066:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
12944:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
9582:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 27 October 1936
9406:Survey of Palestine Retrieved 25 August 2014
9382:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
9201:
8334:
6504:'A Colonial Room With a View of Jerusalem' (
6033:
3670:Demography of Palestine in 1945 by district
2301:After the Palestinian Arab press during the
1833:supported Weizmann's position. However, the
1145:, this emirate also being part of the wider
10044:Battleground: Fact and Fantasy in Palestine
9518:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
9341:
8880:
8197:
8013:
8011:
7914:"The Near East and Africa, Volume V (1947)"
7101:
6973:
6971:
6957:
6955:
6601:, Frank Cass, London Portland, Oregon, 1996
6262:
6160:
5258:and were administered by the office of the
3287:1926 Correction of Land Registers Ordinance
2305:had been suppressed due to the outbreak of
2112:United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
1209:
595:United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
13211:States and territories established in 1920
12655:
12641:
11328:
11314:
10799:
10785:
8914:. Cambridge University Press. p. 54.
8218:"Copy of telegram from Epstein to Shertok"
7885:
7749:
7619:
7431:"Who Perished on the Struma And How Many?"
7428:
6550:
6500:
6498:
6496:
6494:
3007:Data from the Land Ownership of Palestine
1639:1947β1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine
1491:was spearheaded by an organisation called
339:25,585.3 km (9,878.5 sq mi)
301:β’ Britain officially assumes control
88:
13231:1920 establishments in the British Empire
11034:Sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine
10565:Les frontiΓ¨res de la Palestine, 1914β1947
10562:
10534:The Land Question in Palestine, 1917β1939
10274:
9661:
9612:
9600:
9566:
9338:Survey of Palestine Retrieved 4 July 2015
9276:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
9214:. Columbia University Press. p. 24.
7853:. 9 April 1946. p. 3. Archived from
7592:
7322:
7320:
7318:
6295:"ZIONIST VISIONS OF PALESTINE, 1917β1936"
3279:Land classification as prescribed in 1940
3109:
1968:no longer giving British protection. The
1587:Lehi (Fighters for the Freedom of Israel)
887:concessions from the Mandatory government
13186:Political entities in the Land of Israel
12127:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
9472:(UK government, 1932), Vol I, pp. 61β65.
9208:Fischbach, Michael R. (13 August 2013).
8290:
8210:
8107:
8008:
7583:Article 11 of the United Nations Charter
6968:
6952:
6932:
6930:
6851:. Oxford University Press. p. 192.
6714:
6712:
6539:. London and Totowa, NJ: F. Cass, 1978.
5521:university was founded in 1924, and the
5242:
3581:
3410:
3355:
3347:
3274:
2670:
2659:
2504:
2282:
2169:
1916:
1900:
1794:
1791:End of the British Mandate for Palestine
1672:
1572:
1446:
1359:
1213:
1128:
1024:
864:
836:
825:
733:
632:Mandatory Palestine was designated as a
591:Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine
10828:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
10508:
10473:
10455:. Translated by Watzman, Haim. London:
10246:
10211:
10172:
10135:
10104:
9955:
9923:
9848:
9829:
9745:
9727:. Institute for Palestine Studies. 2023
9704:
9692:
9680:
9636:
9624:
8937:
8779:
8743:
8688:
8651:
8623:
8611:
8599:
8587:
8566:
8541:
8529:
8450:
7786:
7451:Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π€Π»ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ
7366:
7364:
7180:
7130:
6921:
6909:
6897:
6832:
6772:
6745:
6733:
6684:. International Council of Jewish Women
6682:"International Council of Jewish Women"
6491:
6471:
6469:
6385:
6189:
6164:Palestine: A Four Thousand Year History
5461:First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House
5260:British High Commissioner for Palestine
3415:Arab Christian Palestinian boys at the
2600:, a British Royal Commission headed by
2538:
724:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
421:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
14:
13153:
13112:Historical flags of the British Empire
13096:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
10324:
10072:
10018:
9797:
9652:. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
9238:
9183:
9159:
8796:, Gov. Printer Jerusalem, pp. 150β151)
8700:
8639:
8399:. London – via Internet Archive.
8341:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
8223:. Government of Israel. Archived from
8120:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 127.
7873:Foreign relations of the United States
7834:Mandates, Dependencies and Trusteeship
7797:. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
7652:
7534:. United Nations. 1947. Archived from
7315:
7187:, Inst for Palestine Studies, p.
7137:, Inst for Palestine Studies, p.
7069:
6977:
6679:
6556:
6366:
6292:
6269:Palestine A Four Thousand year History
6201:
6195:
6087:
5401:1927 Mandatory Palestine revenue stamp
5377:1927 Mandatory Palestine postage stamp
2062:Passports from the British Mandate era
1591:Irgun (National Military Organisation)
1124:
519:against the Ottoman Empire during the
12987:
12899:
12636:
12145:
11817:
11492:
11385:
11309:
10780:
10527:
10445:
10417:
10398:
10359:
10295:
10278:Law and Identity in Mandate Palestine
9902:
9870:
9762:
9269:
9195:
9171:
9146:
8767:
8627:
8460:, C.330.M.222, Mandate for Palestine
8142:"Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs:
7212:"Why Italian Planes Bombed Tel-Aviv?"
7168:From a letter from Chaim Weizmann to
7153:
6927:
6838:
6820:
6757:
6718:
6709:
6640:
6638:
2494:
2366:) in 1934, which was associated with
2215:, whom the British removed after the
1970:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
1840:Immediately after the UN resolution,
1744:Plan of Partition with Economic Union
1394:, near the border triangle of Italy,
448:Jordanian annexation of the West Bank
10670:, (Sept 2010) 21#3 pp. 416β433.
10275:Likhovski, Assaf (8 December 2006).
10037:
8152:from the original on 16 January 2013
8114:Northey, Ruth (project ed.) (2013).
7970:Michael J Cohen (24 February 2014).
7557:Cathy Hartley; Paul Cossali (2004).
7403:
7361:
7295:Rolf Steininger (17 December 2018).
6656:
6654:
6466:
3071:Africa Palestine Investment Co. Ltd.
1443:The Holocaust and immigration quotas
1263:, when the German forces of General
1000:, and organised and established the
965:First World Congress of Jewish Women
12923:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
11766:. British Cameroons is now part of
9458:. Zionism-israel.com. October 1930.
9001:. LEAGUE OF NATIONS. Archived from
8511:Leiden Journal of International Law
7532:"A/RES/181(II) of 29 November 1947"
7473:"ΧΧ€Χ§ΧΧ¨Χ SS MefkΓΌre Mafkura Mefkura"
6762:(Sixth ed.). pp. 111β225.
6673:
6526:Stanford: Stanford University Press
5897:
5882:
5829:Israeli Declaration of Independence
5809:History of agriculture in Palestine
5799:Palestinian Citizenship Order, 1925
5338:. In 1950, its name was changed to
3055:Palestine Land Development Co. Ltd.
2569:national home for the Jewish people
2409:
1695:Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
1653:illegal Jewish immigrants in Cyprus
1563:Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
1204:
1163:a letter to his son in October 1937
24:
11782:unilaterally declared independence
11477:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
10583:
10539:University of North Carolina Press
10418:Regan, Bernard (30 October 2018).
10247:Kominko, Maja (16 February 2015).
10081:State University of New York Press
9456:"Hope Simpson report, Chapter III"
8963:"British White Paper of June 1922"
8335:Cohen-Hattab, Kobi (8 July 2019).
8170:Bier, Aharon, & Slae, Bracha,
7667:10.1023/B:IJPS.0000019613.01593.5e
6799:, vol. 3, IDC, archived from
6635:
6367:Rayman, Noah (29 September 2014).
6311:10.1111/j.1478-1913.1994.tb03587.x
5318:Frederick Gordon-Smith (1941β1944)
2228:newspaper in the 1920s commented:
2093:A legal analysis performed by the
1781:Israel. All of it. And for ever."
1731:. Three members (India, Iran, and
1318:sent telegrams of support for the
1254:, inflicting multiple casualties.
1035:1936β1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
1020:
1009:men engaged in a firefight with a
777:by Arabs on the Jewish village of
738:Palestinians in Jaffa in the 1920s
611:annexed territory on the West Bank
587:1936β1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
25:
13252:
12989:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
12968:Occupied by Argentina during the
12900:
12146:
10758:
10742:, 41#3 (1926), pp. 384β412,
9066:Letters to Paula and the Children
8557:, 30 May 1923, p. 14, Issue 43354
8037:Herzog, Chaim and Gazit, Shlomo:
6651:
6648:, 30 May 1923, p. 14, Issue 43354
6625:"1922 Palestine Order in Council"
6477:"United Nations Maintenance Page"
6381:from the original on 26 May 2020.
6202:BΓΌssow, Johann (11 August 2011).
6040:Department of Statistics (1945).
5804:History of Palestinian journalism
5648:Rockefeller Archaeological Museum
3293:Land Transfer Regulations of 1940
3290:Land Settlement Ordinance of 1928
2656:Jewish land purchase in Palestine
2649:
2551:Nahum Sokolow, History of Zionism
2279:History of Palestinian journalism
2099:Covenant of the League of Nations
1662:, the UN mediator, in Jerusalem.
1655:. In 1948, the Lehi assassinated
1561:, and the recommendations of the
1462:In 1939, as a consequence of the
998:Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
785:on Jews, this time in Jerusalem.
678:, within parenthesis (ΧΧ΄Χ) after
13132:
13123:
13122:
12535:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
10764:
10281:. Univ of North Carolina Press.
9710:
9655:
9642:
9572:
9538:
9526:
9487:
9475:
9462:
9447:
9421:
9409:
9390:
9321:
9302:
9263:
9232:
9152:
9131:
9113:
9092:
9081:, by Benny Morris, Knopf, 1999,
9071:
9058:
9040:
9017:
8991:
8982:
8973:
8955:
8928:
8901:
8889:
8885:. Princeton, N.J.: Darwin Press.
8874:
8859:
8845:
8825:
8799:
8785:
8701:Sufian, Sandy (1 January 2008).
8694:
8657:
8572:
8547:
8492:
8473:
8433:
8403:
8395:League of Nations Union (1922).
8388:
8373:
8355:
8328:
8319:
8310:
8278:
8260:
8242:
8191:
8177:
8164:
8134:
8089:
8070:
8044:
8031:
7892:. Hoover Press. pp. 60β61.
7560:Survey of Arab-Israeli Relations
7301:. Berghahn Books. pp. 55β.
6597:For details see Yitzhak Reiter,
6562:Encyclopedia of the Palestinians
5775:
5763:
5747:
5731:
5716:
5701:
5685:
5670:
5655:
5639:
5623:
5608:
5585:
5565:
5547:
5406:
5394:
5382:
5370:
3384:, Egyptians, Copts, Greeks, and
3344:British censuses and estimations
2129:and British promises during the
2049:
2037:
1905:On the day of its proclamation,
1813:Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan
1096:attacking marketplaces and buses
646:Timeline of the name "Palestine"
466:
452:
438:
413:
71:
57:
10223:Institute for Palestine Studies
9755:
9360:Institute for Palestine Studies
8898:, Gov. Printer Jerusalem, p. 18
8024:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
7990:
7963:
7945:
7924:
7906:
7879:
7861:
7839:
7826:
7811:
7761:
7723:
7689:
7646:
7628:. Hoover Institution. pp.
7613:
7586:
7577:
7550:
7524:
7504:
7491:
7465:
7437:
7422:
7397:
7340:
7288:
7270:
7241:
7222:
7204:
7177:High Commissioner for Palestine
7162:
7121:
7063:
7040:
7023:
7010:
6891:
6826:
6814:
6786:
6766:
6751:
6739:
6727:
6696:
6661:Legislative Council (Palestine)
6617:
6604:
6591:
6578:
6529:
6516:
6439:
6411:
6398:
6360:
6340:
6317:
6286:
6272:. Zed Books. pp. 242β245.
6256:
6229:
6154:
6043:Village Statistics, April, 1945
5988:
5978:
5962:
5953:
5931:
5918:
5423:" is shown in English, Arabic (
3368:-speaking Muslims, including a
3332:
3309:, and the northern part of the
3284:Land Transfer Ordinance of 1920
1670:, was one of the conspirators.
1605:(members of Lehi) assassinated
1569:Beginning of Zionist insurgency
1355:
1244:attacked Palestine from the air
1242:. Within a month, the Italians
1029:Arab revolt against the British
13226:1948 disestablishments in Asia
13031:Australian Antarctic Territory
11887:since 1965 (before as part of
11884:British Indian Ocean Territory
11770:, while Tanganyika is part of
11401:since 1960 (before as part of
9997:. Edinburgh University Press.
9909:. Morris, Benny. Grove Press.
8411:"Internet History Sourcebooks"
8174:, Mazo Publishers, 2006, p. 49
7058:Institute of Palestine Studies
7037:. New York: Continuum, p. 122.
6393:A History of Islamic Societies
6139:
6130:
6107:
6081:
6063:
6051:
6008:
5851:
5523:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
5457:Palestine Electric Corporation
5362:Economy of Mandatory Palestine
4210:
3577:
3380:, Syrians, Sudanese, Somalis,
3352:Street in As-Salt in the 1920s
2549:
2545:History of Zionism (1600β1918)
2263:fight the British and the Jews
2247:Young Men's Muslim Association
2135:The Palestine Order in Council
2095:International Court of Justice
1990:(in response to the Haganah's
781:. In April, there was another
544:McMahonβHussein Correspondence
13:
1:
13171:Former countries in West Asia
10563:Vareilles, Guillaume (2010).
10114:. Columbia University Press.
10019:Hughes, Matthew, ed. (2004).
7563:. Routledge. pp. 52β53.
7262:. A German task force led by
6936:Louis, William Roger (2006).
6123:and "Mandate for Palestine",
6088:Hughes, Matthew, ed. (2004).
6060:, retrieved 19 February 2024.
6001:
5413:1927 Mandatory Palestine coin
5389:1941 Mandatory Palestine coin
3651: Nomadic regions in the
3087:Palestine Kupat Am. Bank Ltd.
3079:Bayside Land Corporation Ltd.
3014:Land ownership by corporation
2207:, had already been appointed
2102:their territory, to exercise
1966:Mandatory Palestine passports
1350:Auxiliary Territorial Service
813:of Jerusalem. Referred to as
744:Muslim-Christian Associations
688:Permanent Mandates Commission
13206:1920s establishments in Asia
11342:British Overseas Territories
10823:Sinai and Palestine campaign
10771:British Mandate of Palestine
9288:10.1080/13530194.2013.878518
9239:Wright, Clifford A. (2015).
8707:Journal of Palestine Studies
8382:"The Paris Peace Conference"
7976:. Routledge. pp. 481β.
7477:Haapalah Aliyah Bet Database
7102:Finkelstein, Norman (2005),
6588:, I.B.Tauris, 2006 pp. 31β32
6348:Minutes of the Ninth Session
5871:British Mandate of Palestine
5794:Mandatory Palestine passport
5500:
2261:. Some took to the hills to
1729:international administration
1226:On 10 June 1940, during the
985:1930s: Arab armed insurgency
773:In March 1920, there was an
768:Palestinian Jewish community
639:
7:
13201:1940s in the British Empire
13196:1930s in the British Empire
13191:1920s in the British Empire
13058:British Antarctic Territory
12768:Western Pacific Territories
12662:
11004:Jewish Supernumerary Police
10939:Assembly of Representatives
10740:Political Science Quarterly
10630:British Policy in Palestine
9924:El-Eini, Roza I.M. (2006).
9774:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
9309:Land Ownership of Palestine
7847:"The Mandate is Indivisble"
7429:Aroni, Samuel (2002β2007).
5902:
5887:
5787:
5507:Assembly of Representatives
5350:Israel Electric Corporation
5239:Government and institutions
3271:List of Mandatory land laws
3127:Arab / non-Jewish ownership
2457:Jewish Agency for Palestine
2273:Palestinian Arab journalism
2009:
1458:, Mandatory Palestine, 1947
1424:, having taken part in the
977:In August 1929, there were
764:Assembly of Representatives
607:Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
251:Assembly of Representatives
94:Mandatory Palestine in 1946
10:
13257:
13241:Yishuv during World War II
13166:League of Nations mandates
12796:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
12213:British Arctic Territories
11493:
11386:
10483:. trans. William Templer.
10399:Paris, Timothy J. (2003).
10298:International Organization
10188:Cambridge University Press
9662:Noam Dvir (5 April 2012).
8756:Gorman & Monciaud 2018
8669:National Library of Israel
8146:: Retrieved 10 April 2012"
7869:"The Near East and Africa"
7284:. V. Gollancz. p. 50.
7229:How the Palmach was formed
6845:Firestone, Reuven (2012).
6758:Smith, Charles D. (2007).
6046:. Government of Palestine.
6020:www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk
5738:"Bevingrad" in Jerusalem,
5540:
5359:
5355:
4154:
4126:
4093:
4065:
4037:
4006:
3978:
3950:
3919:
3891:
3860:
3832:
3804:
3776:
3748:
3717:
3556:rate per annum, 1922β1945
3336:
3249:
3235:
3221:
3207:
3193:
3179:
3165:
3151:
3137:
3094:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3062:
3054:
3044:
3034:
2990:
2974:
2955:
2939:
2923:
2904:
2888:
2872:
2853:
2837:
2818:
2802:
2786:
2770:
2754:
2735:
2699:Land ownership by district
2653:
2498:
2419:
2413:
2370:(The Independence Party).
2276:
2159:
2087:civil and political rights
2026:
2023:Palestinian Arab community
1934:declared the establishment
1788:
1785:Termination of the mandate
1645:Jewish Resistance Movement
1632:
1032:
981:in which 250 people died.
920:clan of Jerusalem, was an
721:
714:
710:
643:
623:All-Palestine Protectorate
462:All-Palestine Protectorate
29:
13107:
13076:
13036:Commonwealth of Australia
12994:
12983:
12954:
12906:
12895:
12861:
12668:
12632:
12438:Newfoundland and Labrador
12152:
12141:
12119:League of Nations mandate
12100:
11824:
11813:
11794:Lancaster House Agreement
11764:League of Nations mandate
11753:
11499:
11488:
11392:
11381:
11348:
11290:
11155:
11117:
11110:
11073:
11064:
10981:
10924:
10917:
10860:
10853:
10815:
10310:10.1017/s0020818300025534
9798:Avneri, Aryeh L. (1984).
9550:16 September 2014 at the
9470:Census of Palestine, 1931
9441:12 September 2017 at the
9402:29 September 2018 at the
9052:digicoll.library.wisc.edu
8519:10.1017/S0922156505002839
8172:For the sake of Jerusalem
7886:Snetsinger, John (1974).
7702:. Yale University Press.
7620:Snetsinger, John (1974).
7350:Thomas Dunne Books, 2011
5907:, where "E.Y." indicates
5572:General Allenby entering
4182:
4121:
4034:
3947:
3888:
3745:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3669:
3305:sub-District, and in the
3299:Land Transfer Regulations
3263:
3102:
3006:
2971:
2920:
2869:
2834:
2751:
2081:Article 62 (LXII) of the
1962:British protected persons
1324:Mohammad Amin al-Husseini
914:Mohammad Amin al-Husseini
802:Augusta Victoria Hospital
705:League of Nations mandate
621:, which established the "
482:
392:
380:
360:
350:
343:
333:
326:
322:
309:
299:
286:
282:
256:
244:
232:
224:
220:
208:
198:β’ 1920β1925 (first)
196:
192:
180:
168:
141:
123:
113:
99:
87:
53:
48:
41:
12566:Turks and Caicos Islands
11873:(protectorate) 1907β1949
11818:
11445:(integrated into the UK)
10999:Jewish Settlement Police
10725:10 November 2019 at the
10691:25 December 2018 at the
10668:Diplomacy and Statecraft
10253:. Open Book Publishers.
9830:Bayliss, Thomas (1999).
9432:Anglo-American Committee
9314:26 February 2024 at the
8908:John B. Quigley (2010).
8719:10.1525/jps.2008.37.2.23
8303:28 November 2022 at the
7938:28 November 2022 at the
7517:19 December 2019 at the
7445:
7253:References: KV 2/400β402
7234:12 December 2019 at the
6945:28 November 2022 at the
6835:, pp. 247, 249, 350
6777:Jewish Settlement Police
6706:, October 1923, p. 1217.
6058:1922 Census of Palestine
5844:
5710:Kiryat Shmuel, Jerusalem
5277:confessional communities
4217:1922 census of Palestine
3664:of the Mandate in 1945.
3430:campaign against malaria
2666:Village Statistics, 1945
2394:. After the outbreak of
2205:Raghib Bey al-Nashashibi
2139:elections to the Council
1668:Prime Minister of Israel
1320:Grand Mufti of Jerusalem
1210:Allied and Axis activity
910:Grand Mufti of Jerusalem
729:
210:β’ 1945β1948 (last)
12849:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
12674:18th and 19th centuries
12490:Queen Charlotte Islands
12450:North-Western Territory
12422:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
12025:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
11690:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
11373:Commonwealth of Nations
10944:Jewish National Council
10838:Palestinian nationalism
10708:5 November 2019 at the
10601:31 October 2019 at the
10513:. Thames & Hudson.
10509:Sherman, A. J. (1998).
10485:Oxford University Press
9270:Kamel, Lorenzo (2014).
8807:"Jewish Agency History"
8082:29 October 2006 at the
7818:Menachem Begin (1977).
7453:(in Russian). 2000β2013
7446:ΠΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ° "Π©-215"
6793:"The Zionism of Orde",
6666:15 October 2018 at the
6463:The Palestine Chronicle
5888:FilasαΉΔ«n al-IntidΔbiyah
5517:labour federation. The
5511:Jewish National Council
5488:Human Development Index
5486:On the scale of the UN
5451:was founded in 1923 by
5334:was founded in 1932 by
2416:Jewish National Council
2217:Nabi Musa riots of 1920
2187:and the appointment of
2162:Palestinian Nationalism
2117:According to historian
1835:Trans-Jordan memorandum
1799:British troops leaving
1715:, the successor to the
1367:headquarters under the
1218:Australian soldiers in
748:Palestine Arab Congress
505:under the terms of the
13176:20th century in Jordan
12599:West Indies Federation
11788:) and continued as an
11371:Current member of the
10994:Palestine Police Force
10833:Intercommunal conflict
10749:1 October 2018 at the
10718:52.1 (2009): 131β152.
10635:1 October 2018 at the
10567:. Paris: L'Harmattan.
10457:Henry Holt and Company
9871:Biger, Gideon (2004).
9806:Transaction Publishers
9648:Shamir, Ronen (2013).
7793:A. J. Sherman (2001).
7696:Morris, Benny (2008).
7358:p. 523, last paragraph
7173:Sir Arthur G. Wauchope
6961:Morris, Benny (2009).
5950:
5943:
5449:Jaffa Electric Company
5322:Sir William Fitzgerald
5313:Federated Malay States
5265:Britain continued the
5251:
3657:
3591: 150,000 and more
3420:
3361:
3353:
3280:
3110:Land ownership by type
2676:
2668:
2641:accept the subsequent
2590:
2573:
2553:
2536:
2510:
2298:
2235:
2179:
2068:The resolution of the
1954:Palestine Police Force
1922:
1914:
1863:Palestine Police Force
1846:Palestine Police Force
1809:Emirate of Transjordan
1804:
1683:United States Congress
1678:
1635:1947 UN Partition Plan
1582:
1459:
1375:
1316:Joachim von Ribbentrop
1223:
1143:Emirate of Transjordan
1134:
1030:
930:Supreme Muslim Council
882:
862:
845:. From left to right:
834:
739:
697:
564:Jewish "national home"
550:divided what had been
239:Supreme Muslim Council
13221:SykesβPicot Agreement
12521:Saint Kitts and Nevis
11792:state until the 1979
11398:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
10949:Arab Higher Committee
10736:The Palestine Problem
10701:9.1 (2004): 125β148.
10677:9.3 (2011): 215β230.
10628:Hanna, Paul Lamont, "
10592:Jewish Social Studies
10403:. London: Routledge.
10073:Khalaf, Issa (1991).
9428:A Survey of Palestine
8325:Bayliss, 1999, p. 84.
7875:. 1947. p. 1255.
7857:on 29 September 2010.
7333:27 March 2022 at the
7218:on 21 September 2011.
7181:Masalha, Nur (1992),
7131:Masalha, Nur (1992),
6631:on 16 September 2014.
6522:Shamir, Ronen (2013)
6435:on 25 September 2017.
6293:Caplan, Neil (1994).
6250:27 March 2015 at the
6125:Encyclopaedia Judaica
5945:
5938:
5898:Χ€ΦΈΦΌΧΦΆΧ©Φ°ΧΧͺΦ΄ΦΌΧΧ ΦΈΧ (ΧΧ΄Χ)
5467:was founded in 1934,
5303:Sir Michael McDonnell
5246:
3585:
3414:
3359:
3351:
3278:
2674:
2663:
2585:
2561:
2531:
2508:
2414:Further information:
2286:
2259:Indian Congress Party
2230:
2201:Hajj Amin al-Husseini
2173:
2097:(ICJ) noted that the
2029:Arab Higher Committee
2027:Further information:
1977:1948 ArabβIsraeli War
1940:, to be known as the
1936:of a Jewish State in
1920:
1904:
1798:
1738:On 29 November 1947,
1677:The UN Partition Plan
1676:
1576:
1450:
1408:Israel Defense Forces
1363:
1314:and Foreign Minister
1267:advanced east across
1217:
1147:Mandate for Palestine
1132:
1028:
868:
840:
829:
737:
717:Mandate for Palestine
692:
583:nationalist movements
568:Mandate for Palestine
556:SykesβPicot Agreement
510:Mandate for Palestine
203:Sir Herbert L. Samuel
124:Common languages
32:Mandate for Palestine
13049:Realm of New Zealand
13047:(transferred to the
13034:(transferred to the
12867:Realm of New Zealand
12468:Prince Edward Island
12346:1671β1816, 1833β1960
11093:List of post offices
11083:Anglo-Palestine Bank
11044:1929 Palestine riots
11009:Special Night Squads
10773:at Wikimedia Commons
9334:18 June 2021 at the
9198:, pp. 3β4, 247.
8881:J. McCarthy (1995).
8254:www.ourdocuments.gov
7348:The Second World War
7258:2 April 2014 at the
6208:. BRILL. p. 5.
6161:Nur Masalha (2018).
6119:26 July 2011 at the
6077:on 25 November 2013.
5679:Anglo-Palestine Bank
5595:Watson meeting with
5463:was opened in 1933.
5328:The local newspaper
3180:Cereal (not taxable)
2612:, had convinced the
2539:Jewish national home
2481:1929 Hebron massacre
2350:1929 Palestine riots
2185:religious endowments
1958:Palestinian citizens
1593:movements initiated
1234:declared war on the
1157:, had convinced the
1084:Special Night Squads
1080:Charles Orde Wingate
994:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam
879:Raghib al-Nashashibi
855:Sir Geoffrey Salmond
754:. Concurrently, the
13161:Mandatory Palestine
13080:Since 2009 part of
12972:of AprilβJune 1982.
12559:Trinidad and Tobago
12173:Antigua and Barbuda
12073:Straits Settlements
10808:Mandatory Palestine
10625:(SUNY Press, 2012).
10594:22.3 (2017): 1β37.
9903:Black, Ian (1991).
9856:. London: Deutsch.
9834:. Lexington Books.
9764:Aruri, Naseer Hasan
9725:Jerusalem Quarterly
9125:avalon.law.yale.edu
9030:, Routledge, 1998,
8967:avalon.law.yale.edu
8949:avalon.law.yale.edu
8813:on 15 February 2006
8770:, p. 135, 137.
8630:, pp. 127β144.
8626:, pp. 63, 69;
8513:, 18, pp. 467β487,
8467:3 June 2011 at the
8384:. 1919. p. 94.
8230:on 13 November 2013
7959:. 16 December 1947.
7595:Middle East Journal
7479:. 27 September 2011
7052:12 May 2019 at the
6879:on 15 December 2005
6702:League of Nations,
6192:, pp. 151β152.
5617:Battle of Jerusalem
5491:overmatched by the
5297:Sir Thomas Haycraft
5248:Jerusalem City Hall
3645: less than 500
3550:Average compounded
3438:White Paper of 1939
3120:
3023:
2712:
2643:Morrison-Grady Plan
2557:Balfour Declaration
2211:in 1920, replacing
2070:San Remo Conference
2017:imperium in imperio
1930:Sir Alan Cunningham
1493:Mossad LeAliyah Bet
1464:White Paper of 1939
1125:Partition proposals
1111:White Paper of 1939
947:The 1922 Palestine
762:took place for the
752:Balfour Declaration
560:Balfour Declaration
503:region of Palestine
499:Mandatory Palestine
215:Sir Alan Cunningham
13181:History of Zionism
12232:Cape Breton Island
12123:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
11965:Unfederated States
11780:Southern Rhodesia
11367:Commonwealth realm
11017:Palestine Regiment
10895:Palestine (region)
10716:Historical Journal
10659:Morgan, Kenneth O.
10652:Miller, Rory, ed.
10646:(1982) pp 388β400.
10618:(Routledge, 2004).
10607:Cohen, Michael J.
10363:(15 August 1994).
9748:, pp. 14, 24.
8782:, p. 386-387.
8569:, pp. 32, 36.
8505:2010-07-06 at the
8485:2011-01-12 at the
8296:Rashid (1997). p.
8117:Whitaker's Britain
8101:www.mideastweb.org
8058:on 7 February 2009
7501:(1982) pp 388β400.
7408:. London: R Lenk.
7376:Miriam Joyce Haron
7346:Corrigan, Gordon.
6775:, p. 85: The
6510:, 24 April 2012).
6353:2011-06-28 at the
5770:1941 currency coin
5742:behind barbed wire
5662:Main post office,
5630:Main post office,
5603:, in December 1917
5601:Mayor of Jerusalem
5597:Hussein al-Husayni
5558:Sir Edmund Allenby
5341:The Jerusalem Post
5331:The Palestine Post
5252:
3658:
3421:
3362:
3354:
3281:
3118:
3021:
2710:
2677:
2669:
2511:
2495:Jewish immigration
2422:History of Zionism
2299:
2251:Independence Party
2209:Mayor of Jerusalem
2180:
2174:A 1930 protest in
2104:self-determination
2056:Biographical pages
1923:
1915:
1898:on 29 April 1948.
1892:British Parliament
1848:withdrew from the
1805:
1679:
1623:The Hunting Season
1583:
1525:torpedoed and sunk
1460:
1376:
1299:Nazi racial theory
1224:
1135:
1031:
967:which was held in
883:
863:
859:Sir Wyndham Deedes
843:Sir Herbert Samuel
835:
798:official residence
794:Sir Herbert Samuel
756:Zionist Commission
740:
599:1948 Palestine war
589:and the 1944β1948
579:Jewish immigration
542:had agreed in the
13146:
13145:
13103:
13102:
12979:
12978:
12911:Providence Island
12891:
12890:
12856:
12855:
12724:Western Australia
12692:Van Diemen's Land
12628:
12627:
12605:Associated States
12303:Columbia District
12137:
12136:
11991:Manila and Cavite
11809:
11808:
11688:Southern Rhodesia
11682:South-West Africa
11632:Northern Rhodesia
11544:Cape of Good Hope
11484:
11483:
11361:Current territory
11303:
11302:
11286:
11285:
11270:
11226:
11219:
11212:
11205:
11191:
11106:
11105:
11078:Palestine Airways
11054:Jewish insurgency
10989:Palestine Command
10977:
10976:
10934:High Commissioner
10913:
10912:
10769:Media related to
10642:Harris, Kenneth.
10621:Galnoor, Itzhak.
10574:978-2-296-13621-2
10548:978-0-8078-4178-5
10529:Stein, Kenneth W.
10520:978-0-8018-6620-3
10494:978-0-19-506104-8
10466:978-0-8050-4848-3
10431:978-1-78663-248-7
10410:978-0-7146-5451-5
10384:978-1-85043-819-9
10345:978-0-679-74475-7
10288:978-0-8078-7718-0
10260:978-1-78374-062-8
10232:978-0-88728-155-6
10197:978-0-521-69934-1
10158:978-0-8070-0308-4
10121:978-0-231-10575-0
10090:978-0-7914-0708-0
10058:978-0-929093-13-0
10030:978-0-7509-3841-9
10004:978-1-4744-3064-7
9976:978-0-385-40401-3
9962:Israel: a history
9941:978-0-7146-5426-3
9916:978-0-8021-1159-3
9888:978-0-7146-5654-0
9863:978-0-233-97069-1
9850:Bethell, Nicholas
9841:978-0-7391-0064-6
9815:978-0-87855-964-0
9783:978-90-247-1217-5
9707:, pp. 29β30.
9627:, pp. 13β14.
9505:978-0-88728-211-9
9418:, Supplement p30.
9369:978-0-88728-211-9
9256:978-1-317-44775-7
9221:978-0-231-51781-2
9108:978-0-19-518158-6
9087:978-0-679-42120-7
9036:978-0-7146-4846-0
9005:on 10 August 2011
8921:978-0-521-15165-8
8840:978-0-7146-3110-3
8691:, pp. 87β90.
8614:, pp. 56β57.
8544:, pp. 33β34.
8532:, pp. 32β33.
8445:978-0-521-02994-0
8348:978-3-11-063352-8
8127:978-1-4729-0305-1
7983:978-1-317-91364-1
7899:978-0-8179-3391-3
7804:978-0-8018-6620-3
7779:978-1-85109-842-2
7737:on 2 October 2013
7709:978-0-300-12696-9
7639:978-0-8179-3391-3
7570:978-1-135-35527-2
7415:978-0-9518805-2-4
7404:Lenk, RS (1994).
7356:978-0-312-57709-4
7308:978-1-78920-039-3
7238:(History Central)
7198:978-0-88728-235-5
7148:978-0-88728-235-5
7115:978-0-520-24598-3
7084:978-0-307-78805-4
6994:978-0-521-00967-6
6858:978-0-19-986030-2
6571:978-0-8160-5764-1
6545:978-0-7146-3110-3
6279:978-1-78699-274-1
6237:Filastin Risalesi
6215:978-90-04-20569-7
6174:978-1-78699-272-7
6099:978-0-7509-3841-9
5944:From Ribbentrop:
5883:ΩΩΨ³Ψ·ΩΩ Ψ§ΩΨ§ΩΨͺΨ―Ψ§Ψ¨ΩΨ©
5875:British Palestine
5867:Mandate Palestine
5814:Palestine Command
5593:Brigadier-General
5471:in 1927, and the
5465:Palestine Airways
5437:(Land of Israel).
5309:Sir Harry Trusted
5236:
5235:
4208:
4207:
3575:
3574:
3268:
3267:
3107:
3106:
3011:
3010:
2519:Palestinian Arabs
2489:Lehi (Stern Gang)
2426:History of Israel
2267:Jamal al-Husseini
2233:repulsive manner.
2146:Foreign Secretary
1992:Operation Kilshon
1719:. The UN created
1717:League of Nations
1705:US War Department
1615:Winston Churchill
1595:violent uprisings
1512:Soviet submarines
1277:200 days of dread
1170:London Conference
790:High Commissioner
572:League of Nations
507:League of Nations
496:
495:
478:
477:
474:
473:
426:
425:
305:29 September 1923
183:High Commissioner
18:British Palestine
16:(Redirected from
13248:
13136:
13126:
13125:
13091:Antarctic Treaty
13052:
13039:
13024:Falkland Islands
13016:Tristan da Cunha
13008:Ascension Island
12985:
12984:
12936:Falkland Islands
12897:
12896:
12865:Now part of the
12737:Pitcairn Islands
12702:Auckland Islands
12671:
12670:
12657:
12650:
12643:
12634:
12633:
12619:Windward Islands
12573:Vancouver Island
12350:MassachusettsBay
12219:British Columbia
12143:
12142:
11959:Federated States
11815:
11814:
11725:Tristan da Cunha
11694:Southern Nigeria
11626:Northern Nigeria
11505:Ascension Island
11490:
11489:
11446:
11383:
11382:
11357:Former territory
11354:
11330:
11323:
11316:
11307:
11306:
11266:
11222:
11215:
11208:
11201:
11187:
11115:
11114:
11071:
11070:
10929:Mandate document
10922:
10921:
10858:
10857:
10801:
10794:
10787:
10778:
10777:
10768:
10578:
10559:
10557:
10555:
10524:
10505:
10503:
10501:
10470:
10442:
10440:
10438:
10414:
10395:
10393:
10391:
10356:
10354:
10352:
10321:
10292:
10271:
10269:
10267:
10243:
10241:
10239:
10208:
10206:
10204:
10186:(2nd ed.).
10169:
10167:
10165:
10146:
10132:
10130:
10128:
10101:
10099:
10097:
10069:
10067:
10065:
10034:
10015:
10013:
10011:
9987:
9985:
9983:
9952:
9950:
9948:
9920:
9899:
9897:
9895:
9867:
9845:
9826:
9824:
9822:
9794:
9792:
9790:
9749:
9743:
9737:
9736:
9734:
9732:
9722:
9714:
9708:
9702:
9696:
9690:
9684:
9678:
9672:
9671:
9659:
9653:
9646:
9640:
9634:
9628:
9622:
9616:
9610:
9604:
9598:
9592:
9591:
9589:
9587:
9576:
9570:
9564:
9555:
9542:
9536:
9530:
9524:
9523:
9517:
9509:
9491:
9485:
9479:
9473:
9466:
9460:
9459:
9451:
9445:
9425:
9419:
9413:
9407:
9394:
9388:
9387:
9381:
9373:
9348:
9339:
9325:
9319:
9306:
9300:
9299:
9267:
9261:
9260:
9236:
9230:
9229:
9205:
9199:
9193:
9187:
9181:
9175:
9169:
9163:
9156:
9150:
9144:
9138:
9135:
9129:
9128:
9117:
9111:
9096:
9090:
9075:
9069:
9062:
9056:
9055:
9044:
9038:
9021:
9015:
9014:
9012:
9010:
8995:
8989:
8986:
8980:
8977:
8971:
8970:
8959:
8953:
8952:
8941:
8935:
8932:
8926:
8925:
8905:
8899:
8893:
8887:
8886:
8878:
8872:
8870:
8863:
8857:
8856:
8849:
8843:
8829:
8823:
8822:
8820:
8818:
8809:. Archived from
8803:
8797:
8789:
8783:
8777:
8771:
8765:
8759:
8753:
8747:
8741:
8730:
8729:
8727:
8725:
8698:
8692:
8686:
8680:
8679:
8677:
8675:
8661:
8655:
8649:
8643:
8637:
8631:
8621:
8615:
8609:
8603:
8597:
8591:
8585:
8579:
8576:
8570:
8564:
8558:
8551:
8545:
8539:
8533:
8527:
8521:
8496:
8490:
8477:
8471:
8454:
8448:
8437:
8431:
8430:
8428:
8426:
8417:. Archived from
8407:
8401:
8400:
8392:
8386:
8385:
8377:
8371:
8370:
8359:
8353:
8352:
8332:
8326:
8323:
8317:
8314:
8308:
8294:
8288:
8282:
8276:
8275:
8274:. 26 March 1948.
8264:
8258:
8257:
8246:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8235:
8229:
8222:
8214:
8208:
8207:
8195:
8189:
8181:
8175:
8168:
8162:
8161:
8159:
8157:
8138:
8132:
8131:
8111:
8105:
8104:
8093:
8087:
8074:
8068:
8067:
8065:
8063:
8054:. Archived from
8048:
8042:
8035:
8029:
8028:
8027:. 10 March 1948.
8019:"PALESTINE BILL"
8015:
8006:
8005:
8004:. 23 April 1948.
7994:
7988:
7987:
7967:
7961:
7960:
7949:
7943:
7928:
7922:
7921:
7910:
7904:
7903:
7883:
7877:
7876:
7865:
7859:
7858:
7843:
7837:
7830:
7824:
7823:
7815:
7809:
7808:
7790:
7784:
7783:
7765:
7759:
7753:
7747:
7746:
7744:
7742:
7733:. Archived from
7727:
7721:
7720:
7718:
7716:
7693:
7687:
7686:
7650:
7644:
7643:
7627:
7617:
7611:
7610:
7590:
7584:
7581:
7575:
7574:
7554:
7548:
7547:
7545:
7543:
7528:
7522:
7508:
7502:
7497:Kenneth Harris,
7495:
7489:
7488:
7486:
7484:
7469:
7463:
7462:
7460:
7458:
7441:
7435:
7434:
7433:. JewishGen.org.
7426:
7420:
7419:
7401:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7390:
7368:
7359:
7344:
7338:
7324:
7313:
7312:
7292:
7286:
7285:
7274:
7268:
7245:
7239:
7226:
7220:
7219:
7214:. Archived from
7208:
7202:
7201:
7166:
7160:
7151:
7125:
7119:
7118:
7099:
7090:
7087:
7067:
7061:
7044:
7038:
7027:
7021:
7014:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7001:
6975:
6966:
6959:
6950:
6934:
6925:
6919:
6913:
6907:
6901:
6895:
6889:
6888:
6886:
6884:
6875:. Archived from
6869:
6863:
6862:
6842:
6836:
6830:
6824:
6818:
6812:
6811:
6810:
6808:
6803:on 1 August 2014
6790:
6784:
6770:
6764:
6763:
6755:
6749:
6748:, pp. 87β90
6743:
6737:
6731:
6725:
6716:
6707:
6704:Official Journal
6700:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6689:
6677:
6671:
6658:
6649:
6642:
6633:
6632:
6627:. Archived from
6621:
6615:
6608:
6602:
6595:
6589:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6554:
6548:
6533:
6527:
6520:
6514:
6502:
6489:
6488:
6483:. Archived from
6473:
6464:
6462:
6460:
6458:
6449:. Archived from
6443:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6428:. Archived from
6423:
6415:
6409:
6402:
6396:
6391:Ira M. Lapidus,
6389:
6383:
6382:
6364:
6358:
6344:
6338:
6321:
6315:
6314:
6299:The Muslim World
6290:
6284:
6283:
6260:
6254:
6233:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6222:
6199:
6193:
6187:
6181:
6178:
6158:
6152:
6143:
6137:
6134:
6128:
6111:
6105:
6103:
6085:
6079:
6078:
6073:. Archived from
6067:
6061:
6055:
6049:
6047:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6016:"Palestine seal"
6012:
5995:
5992:
5986:
5982:
5976:
5966:
5960:
5957:
5951:
5935:
5929:
5922:
5916:
5905:
5903:PΔleΕtΔ«nΔ (E.Y.)
5899:
5890:
5884:
5855:
5779:
5767:
5751:
5740:Russian Compound
5735:
5720:
5705:
5689:
5674:
5659:
5643:
5627:
5612:
5589:
5580:, in April 1919)
5569:
5551:
5453:Pinhas Rutenberg
5410:
5398:
5386:
5374:
5346:Pinhas Rutenberg
4222:
4221:
3667:
3666:
3650:
3644:
3638:
3632:
3626:
3620:
3614:
3608:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3443:
3442:
3166:Cereal (taxable)
3130:Jewish ownership
3121:
3117:
3024:
3020:
2713:
2709:
2635:Biltmore Program
2614:Zionist Congress
2610:David Ben-Gurion
2430:The conquest of
2410:Jewish community
2368:Hizb Al-Istiqlal
2333:, and others in
2287:The Palestinian
2255:Hizb al-Istiqlal
2189:religious judges
2166:Arab nationalism
2123:President Wilson
2108:Treaty of Berlin
2083:Treaty of Berlin
2053:
2041:
2000:Kingdom of Egypt
1986:corpus separatum
1981:John Bagot Glubb
1649:King David Hotel
1603:Eliyahu Bet Zuri
1468:Second World War
1404:Selvino children
1312:Heinrich Himmler
1232:Kingdom of Italy
1228:Second World War
1205:Second World War
1199:Second World War
1159:Zionist Congress
1155:David Ben-Gurion
1115:Second World War
1064:to investigate.
1011:Palestine Police
949:Order in Council
922:Arab nationalist
906:Kamil al-Husayni
898:rioting in Jaffa
891:Pinhas Rutenberg
619:Kingdom of Egypt
581:and the rise of
470:
469:
456:
455:
442:
441:
430:
429:
417:
416:
410:
409:
394:
393:
376:
291:
290:Mandate assigned
269:Second World War
228:
185:
92:
75:
61:
39:
38:
21:
13256:
13255:
13251:
13250:
13249:
13247:
13246:
13245:
13151:
13150:
13147:
13142:
13099:
13072:
13046:
13044:Ross Dependency
13033:
12990:
12975:
12950:
12902:
12887:
12857:
12852:
12808:
12803:Solomon Islands
12750:North Australia
12730:South Australia
12686:New South Wales
12664:
12661:
12624:
12344:Leeward Islands
12148:
12133:
12096:
12003:Muscat and Oman
11820:
11805:
11749:
11495:
11480:
11444:
11388:
11377:
11352:
11344:
11334:
11304:
11299:
11282:
11151:
11102:
11088:Palestine pound
11060:
11027:Italian bombing
10973:
10909:
10849:
10811:
10805:
10761:
10756:
10751:Wayback Machine
10727:Wayback Machine
10710:Wayback Machine
10693:Wayback Machine
10675:History Compass
10637:Wayback Machine
10614:El-Eini, Roza.
10603:Wayback Machine
10586:
10584:Further reading
10581:
10575:
10553:
10551:
10549:
10521:
10499:
10497:
10495:
10467:
10436:
10434:
10432:
10424:. Verso Books.
10411:
10389:
10387:
10385:
10350:
10348:
10346:
10336:Alfred A. Knopf
10289:
10265:
10263:
10261:
10237:
10235:
10233:
10202:
10200:
10198:
10174:Khalidi, Rashid
10163:
10161:
10159:
10137:Khalidi, Rashid
10126:
10124:
10122:
10106:Khalidi, Rashid
10095:
10093:
10091:
10063:
10061:
10059:
10031:
10009:
10007:
10005:
9981:
9979:
9977:
9957:Gilbert, Martin
9946:
9944:
9942:
9917:
9893:
9891:
9889:
9864:
9842:
9820:
9818:
9816:
9788:
9786:
9784:
9758:
9753:
9752:
9744:
9740:
9730:
9728:
9720:
9716:
9715:
9711:
9703:
9699:
9691:
9687:
9679:
9675:
9660:
9656:
9647:
9643:
9635:
9631:
9623:
9619:
9611:
9607:
9599:
9595:
9585:
9583:
9578:
9577:
9573:
9565:
9558:
9552:Wayback Machine
9543:
9539:
9531:
9527:
9511:
9510:
9506:
9492:
9488:
9480:
9476:
9467:
9463:
9454:
9452:
9448:
9443:Wayback Machine
9426:
9422:
9414:
9410:
9404:Wayback Machine
9395:
9391:
9375:
9374:
9370:
9358:. Vol. 1.
9349:
9342:
9336:Wayback Machine
9326:
9322:
9316:Wayback Machine
9307:
9303:
9268:
9264:
9257:
9237:
9233:
9222:
9206:
9202:
9194:
9190:
9182:
9178:
9170:
9166:
9157:
9153:
9145:
9141:
9136:
9132:
9119:
9118:
9114:
9097:
9093:
9076:
9072:
9063:
9059:
9046:
9045:
9041:
9022:
9018:
9008:
9006:
8997:
8996:
8992:
8987:
8983:
8978:
8974:
8961:
8960:
8956:
8943:
8942:
8938:
8933:
8929:
8922:
8906:
8902:
8894:
8890:
8879:
8875:
8865:
8864:
8860:
8851:
8850:
8846:
8830:
8826:
8816:
8814:
8805:
8804:
8800:
8790:
8786:
8778:
8774:
8766:
8762:
8754:
8750:
8742:
8733:
8723:
8721:
8699:
8695:
8687:
8683:
8673:
8671:
8663:
8662:
8658:
8650:
8646:
8638:
8634:
8622:
8618:
8610:
8606:
8598:
8594:
8586:
8582:
8577:
8573:
8565:
8561:
8552:
8548:
8540:
8536:
8528:
8524:
8507:Wayback Machine
8497:
8493:
8487:Wayback Machine
8478:
8474:
8469:Wayback Machine
8455:
8451:
8438:
8434:
8424:
8422:
8415:www.fordham.edu
8409:
8408:
8404:
8393:
8389:
8380:
8378:
8374:
8361:
8360:
8356:
8349:
8333:
8329:
8324:
8320:
8315:
8311:
8305:Wayback Machine
8295:
8291:
8283:
8279:
8266:
8265:
8261:
8256:. 9 April 2021.
8248:
8247:
8243:
8233:
8231:
8227:
8220:
8216:
8215:
8211:
8196:
8192:
8182:
8178:
8169:
8165:
8155:
8153:
8140:
8139:
8135:
8128:
8112:
8108:
8095:
8094:
8090:
8084:Wayback Machine
8075:
8071:
8061:
8059:
8050:
8049:
8045:
8036:
8032:
8017:
8016:
8009:
7996:
7995:
7991:
7984:
7968:
7964:
7951:
7950:
7946:
7940:Wayback Machine
7929:
7925:
7920:. p. 1271.
7912:
7911:
7907:
7900:
7884:
7880:
7867:
7866:
7862:
7845:
7844:
7840:
7831:
7827:
7816:
7812:
7805:
7791:
7787:
7780:
7766:
7762:
7754:
7750:
7740:
7738:
7729:
7728:
7724:
7714:
7712:
7710:
7694:
7690:
7651:
7647:
7640:
7618:
7614:
7591:
7587:
7582:
7578:
7571:
7555:
7551:
7541:
7539:
7530:
7529:
7525:
7519:Wayback Machine
7509:
7505:
7496:
7492:
7482:
7480:
7471:
7470:
7466:
7456:
7454:
7447:
7443:
7442:
7438:
7427:
7423:
7416:
7402:
7398:
7388:
7386:
7378:. JSTOR. 1980.
7370:
7369:
7362:
7345:
7341:
7335:Wayback Machine
7325:
7316:
7309:
7293:
7289:
7275:
7271:
7260:Wayback Machine
7249:Operation ATLAS
7246:
7242:
7236:Wayback Machine
7227:
7223:
7210:
7209:
7205:
7199:
7167:
7163:
7149:
7129:
7126:
7122:
7116:
7100:
7093:
7085:
7068:
7064:
7054:Wayback Machine
7045:
7041:
7028:
7024:
7015:
7011:
6999:
6997:
6995:
6976:
6969:
6960:
6953:
6947:Wayback Machine
6935:
6928:
6920:
6916:
6908:
6904:
6896:
6892:
6882:
6880:
6871:
6870:
6866:
6859:
6843:
6839:
6831:
6827:
6819:
6815:
6806:
6804:
6792:
6791:
6787:
6771:
6767:
6756:
6752:
6744:
6740:
6732:
6728:
6717:
6710:
6701:
6697:
6687:
6685:
6678:
6674:
6668:Wayback Machine
6659:
6652:
6643:
6636:
6623:
6622:
6618:
6609:
6605:
6596:
6592:
6583:
6579:
6572:
6555:
6551:
6534:
6530:
6521:
6517:
6503:
6492:
6487:on 3 June 2014.
6475:
6474:
6467:
6456:
6454:
6453:on 17 June 2011
6445:
6444:
6440:
6432:
6421:
6417:
6416:
6412:
6403:
6399:
6390:
6386:
6365:
6361:
6355:Wayback Machine
6345:
6341:
6322:
6318:
6291:
6287:
6280:
6261:
6257:
6252:Wayback Machine
6234:
6230:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6200:
6196:
6188:
6184:
6175:
6159:
6155:
6145:Victor Kattan.
6144:
6140:
6135:
6131:
6121:Wayback Machine
6112:
6108:
6100:
6086:
6082:
6069:
6068:
6064:
6056:
6052:
6038:
6034:
6024:
6022:
6014:
6013:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5998:
5993:
5989:
5983:
5979:
5967:
5963:
5958:
5954:
5936:
5932:
5923:
5919:
5909:βEretz YiΕrΔβΔl
5856:
5852:
5847:
5819:Palestine pound
5790:
5783:
5780:
5771:
5768:
5759:
5752:
5743:
5736:
5727:
5721:
5712:
5706:
5697:
5690:
5681:
5675:
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5660:
5651:
5644:
5635:
5628:
5619:
5613:
5604:
5590:
5581:
5570:
5561:
5552:
5543:
5503:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5438:
5430:
5426:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5411:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5379:
5378:
5375:
5364:
5358:
5241:
4213:
3656:
3648:
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3642:
3640:
3636:
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3630:
3628:
3624:
3622:
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3610:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3598:
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3592:
3588:
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3553:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3346:
3341:
3335:
3323:Zikhron Ya'akov
3273:
3112:
3016:
2728:Public / other
2701:
2658:
2652:
2598:Peel Commission
2541:
2503:
2497:
2428:
2418:
2412:
2281:
2275:
2168:
2160:Main articles:
2158:
2131:First World War
2127:Fourteen Points
2066:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2031:
2025:
2012:
1946:Hebrew calendar
1942:State of Israel
1911:Harry S. Truman
1884:Harry S. Truman
1876:Battle of Haifa
1868:RAF Ramat David
1793:
1787:
1700:Harry S. Truman
1641:
1633:Main articles:
1631:
1571:
1559:Harry S. Truman
1445:
1437:Abyssinian Jews
1426:final offensive
1418:Ernest Benjamin
1358:
1308:ReichsfΓΌhrer-SS
1238:and sided with
1212:
1207:
1139:Peel Commission
1127:
1062:Peel Commission
1037:
1023:
1021:The Arab revolt
987:
875:Musa al-Husayni
871:Amin al-Husayni
841:The arrival of
800:in part of the
732:
727:
720:
713:
699:The adjective "
664:ΚΎΔrΔts YiΕrΔΚΎel
648:
642:
634:Class A Mandate
603:State of Israel
521:First World War
489:
467:
453:
439:
414:
374:
372:Palestine pound
370:
368:
364:
353:
336:
315:
302:
292:
289:
278:
264:Interwar period
247:
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211:
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95:
83:
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81:
76:
68:
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62:
44:
35:
28:
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22:
15:
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11:
5:
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12917:Willoughbyland
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12609:
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12580:Virgin Islands
12576:
12570:
12562:
12556:
12550:
12547:South Carolina
12544:
12538:
12531:
12524:
12517:
12511:
12505:
12499:
12493:
12483:
12477:
12471:
12465:
12459:
12453:
12447:
12444:North Carolina
12441:
12435:
12429:
12423:
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12411:
12405:
12399:
12393:
12387:
12381:
12378:Mosquito Coast
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12347:
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12307:Oregon Country
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12085:Trucial States
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11832:
11825:
11822:
11821:
11811:
11810:
11807:
11806:
11804:
11803:
11797:
11778:Self-governing
11775:
11761:
11754:
11751:
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11605:
11599:
11593:
11587:
11581:
11571:
11565:
11559:
11553:
11550:Central Africa
11547:
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11519:
11509:
11500:
11497:
11496:
11486:
11485:
11482:
11481:
11479:
11478:
11472:
11471:
11470:
11464:
11455:
11454:
11453:
11438:
11435:Ionian Islands
11432:
11426:
11418:
11412:
11406:
11393:
11390:
11389:
11379:
11378:
11376:
11375:
11369:
11363:
11358:
11355:
11349:
11346:
11345:
11338:British Empire
11333:
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11041:
11031:
11030:
11029:
11024:
11022:Jewish Brigade
11019:
11011:
11006:
11001:
10996:
10991:
10985:
10983:
10979:
10978:
10975:
10974:
10972:
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10956:
10951:
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10925:
10919:
10915:
10914:
10911:
10910:
10908:
10907:
10906:
10905:
10897:
10892:
10890:Land of Israel
10887:
10886:
10885:
10883:Sea of Galilee
10880:
10872:
10867:
10861:
10855:
10851:
10850:
10848:
10847:
10846:
10845:
10840:
10830:
10825:
10819:
10817:
10813:
10812:
10810: articles
10804:
10803:
10796:
10789:
10781:
10775:
10774:
10760:
10759:External links
10757:
10755:
10754:
10732:Wright, Quincy
10729:
10712:
10699:Israel Studies
10695:
10682:
10671:
10664:
10657:
10650:
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10506:
10493:
10475:Shapira, Anita
10471:
10465:
10443:
10430:
10415:
10409:
10396:
10383:
10365:"Introduction"
10357:
10344:
10322:
10293:
10287:
10272:
10259:
10244:
10231:
10213:Khalidi, Walid
10209:
10196:
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9709:
9697:
9685:
9673:
9654:
9641:
9629:
9617:
9613:Likhovski 2006
9605:
9601:Likhovski 2006
9593:
9571:
9567:Likhovski 2006
9556:
9537:
9525:
9504:
9486:
9474:
9461:
9446:
9420:
9408:
9389:
9368:
9340:
9320:
9301:
9282:(2): 230β242.
9262:
9255:
9249:. p. 38.
9231:
9220:
9200:
9188:
9186:, p. 224.
9176:
9174:, p. 226.
9164:
9151:
9139:
9130:
9112:
9091:
9070:
9057:
9039:
9016:
8990:
8981:
8972:
8954:
8936:
8927:
8920:
8900:
8888:
8873:
8858:
8844:
8842:. pp. 161β165.
8824:
8798:
8784:
8772:
8760:
8758:, p. 106.
8748:
8746:, p. 384.
8731:
8693:
8681:
8656:
8644:
8642:, p. 112.
8632:
8616:
8604:
8592:
8580:
8571:
8559:
8546:
8534:
8522:
8491:
8472:
8458:W. Ormsby-Gore
8449:
8432:
8421:on 8 June 2008
8402:
8387:
8372:
8354:
8347:
8327:
8318:
8309:
8289:
8277:
8259:
8241:
8209:
8190:
8188:, 14 May 1948.
8176:
8163:
8133:
8126:
8106:
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8069:
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8007:
7989:
7982:
7962:
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7923:
7905:
7898:
7878:
7860:
7838:
7825:
7810:
7803:
7785:
7778:
7760:
7748:
7722:
7708:
7688:
7661:(3): 457β470.
7645:
7638:
7612:
7585:
7576:
7569:
7549:
7538:on 24 May 2012
7523:
7503:
7490:
7464:
7436:
7421:
7414:
7396:
7360:
7339:
7314:
7307:
7287:
7278:Moshe Pearlman
7269:
7240:
7221:
7203:
7197:
7161:
7147:
7128:of Israel." in
7120:
7114:
7091:
7083:
7062:
7039:
7022:
7009:
6993:
6967:
6951:
6926:
6914:
6912:, p. 845.
6902:
6890:
6864:
6857:
6837:
6825:
6813:
6785:
6765:
6750:
6738:
6726:
6708:
6695:
6672:
6650:
6634:
6616:
6603:
6590:
6577:
6570:
6558:Mattar, Philip
6549:
6547:. pp. 148β161.
6535:Caplan, Neil.
6528:
6515:
6490:
6481:unispal.un.org
6465:
6438:
6410:
6397:
6384:
6359:
6339:
6316:
6305:(1β2): 19β35.
6285:
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6255:
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5997:
5996:
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5952:
5937:From Himmler:
5930:
5917:
5913:Land of Israel
5849:
5848:
5846:
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5539:
5502:
5499:
5469:Angel Bakeries
5428:
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5418:
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5412:
5405:
5404:
5400:
5393:
5392:
5388:
5381:
5380:
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5369:
5368:
5367:
5366:
5365:
5360:Main article:
5357:
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5326:
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5306:
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5273:Ottoman Empire
5271:system of the
5240:
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3969:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3890:
3886:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3830:
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3826:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3743:
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3739:
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3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
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3716:
3712:
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3699:
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3691:
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3679:
3676:
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3647:
3641:
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3629:
3623:
3617:
3611:
3605:
3599:
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3579:
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3569:
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3560:
3557:
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3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3417:Jerusalem YMCA
3405:
3404:
3397:
3345:
3342:
3337:Main article:
3334:
3331:
3315:Jezreel Valley
3295:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3247:
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3243:
3240:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3152:Rural built-on
3149:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2836:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2700:
2697:
2651:
2650:Land ownership
2648:
2606:Chaim Weizmann
2540:
2537:
2521:. However, as
2499:Main article:
2496:
2493:
2411:
2408:
2303:Ottoman period
2289:Arab Christian
2277:Main article:
2274:
2271:
2193:Constantinople
2157:
2154:
2119:Rashid Khalidi
2061:
2060:
2055:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2024:
2021:
2011:
2008:
1983:, entered the
1907:Eliahu Epstein
1826:Resolution 181
1786:
1783:
1778:Menachem Begin
1725:Czechoslovakia
1713:United Nations
1630:
1627:
1570:
1567:
1555:U.S. President
1503:bomb sunk the
1444:
1441:
1380:Jewish Brigade
1365:Jewish Brigade
1357:
1354:
1236:British Empire
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1168:Following the
1151:Chaim Weizmann
1126:
1123:
1045:general strike
1033:Main article:
1022:
1019:
986:
983:
853:, Air Marshal
847:T. E. Lawrence
832:Tower of David
816:Armon HaNetziv
731:
728:
712:
709:
684:Southern Syria
668:Land of Israel
641:
638:
540:United Kingdom
532:Ottoman forces
494:
493:
484:
480:
479:
476:
475:
472:
471:
464:
458:
457:
450:
444:
443:
436:
427:
424:
423:
418:
406:
405:
400:
390:
389:
384:
378:
377:
366:Egyptian pound
362:
358:
357:
356:757,182 (1922)
354:
351:
348:
347:
341:
340:
337:
334:
331:
330:
324:
323:
320:
319:
316:
310:
307:
306:
303:
300:
297:
296:
293:
287:
284:
283:
280:
279:
277:
276:
271:
266:
260:
258:
257:Historical era
254:
253:
248:
245:
242:
241:
236:
233:
230:
229:
226:
222:
221:
218:
217:
212:
209:
206:
205:
200:
197:
194:
193:
190:
189:
186:
178:
177:
172:
166:
165:
143:
139:
138:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
108:United Kingdom
101:
97:
96:
93:
85:
84:
77:
70:
69:
63:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
46:
45:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13253:
13242:
13239:
13237:
13234:
13232:
13229:
13227:
13224:
13222:
13219:
13217:
13214:
13212:
13209:
13207:
13204:
13202:
13199:
13197:
13194:
13192:
13189:
13187:
13184:
13182:
13179:
13177:
13174:
13172:
13169:
13167:
13164:
13162:
13159:
13158:
13156:
13149:
13139:
13135:
13131:
13129:
13121:
13118:
13115:
13113:
13110:
13109:
13106:
13095:
13092:
13088:
13085:
13084:
13079:
13078:
13075:
13068:
13067:
13063:
13060:
13059:
13055:
13050:
13045:
13042:
13037:
13032:
13029:
13026:
13025:
13021:
13018:
13017:
13013:
13010:
13009:
13005:
13002:
13001:
12997:
12996:
12993:
12986:
12982:
12971:
12970:Falklands War
12967:
12965:
12961:
12957:
12956:
12953:
12946:
12945:
12941:
12938:
12937:
12933:
12930:
12927:
12924:
12921:
12918:
12915:
12912:
12909:
12908:
12905:
12901:South America
12898:
12894:
12884:
12880:
12876:
12874:
12870:
12868:
12864:
12863:
12860:
12848:
12845:
12842:
12839:
12836:
12832:
12829:
12825:
12822:
12819:
12816:
12813:
12812:
12810:
12804:
12800:
12797:
12794:
12791:
12790:Union Islands
12788:
12785:
12781:
12778:
12775:
12772:
12769:
12766:
12763:
12760:
12757:
12754:
12751:
12748:
12745:
12742:
12739:
12738:
12734:
12731:
12728:
12725:
12721:
12718:
12715:
12712:
12709:
12706:
12703:
12700:
12697:
12693:
12690:
12687:
12684:
12683:
12681:
12680:
12676:
12673:
12672:
12667:
12658:
12653:
12651:
12646:
12644:
12639:
12638:
12635:
12631:
12620:
12617:
12614:
12611:
12606:
12603:
12602:
12600:
12597:
12594:
12591:
12588:
12585:
12582:
12581:
12577:
12574:
12571:
12568:
12567:
12563:
12560:
12557:
12554:
12551:
12548:
12545:
12542:
12539:
12536:
12532:
12529:
12525:
12522:
12518:
12515:
12512:
12509:
12506:
12503:
12502:Rupert's Land
12500:
12497:
12494:
12491:
12487:
12484:
12481:
12478:
12475:
12472:
12469:
12466:
12463:
12462:Paulet affair
12460:
12457:
12454:
12451:
12448:
12445:
12442:
12439:
12436:
12433:
12430:
12427:
12424:
12421:
12418:
12415:
12412:
12409:
12408:New Hampshire
12406:
12403:
12400:
12397:
12396:New Brunswick
12394:
12391:
12388:
12385:
12382:
12379:
12376:
12373:
12372:
12368:
12365:
12362:
12357:
12354:
12353:
12351:
12348:
12345:
12342:
12339:
12335:
12332:
12329:
12326:
12323:
12320:
12317:
12314:
12311:
12308:
12304:
12301:
12298:
12297:
12293:
12290:
12287:
12282:
12279:
12276:
12273:
12270:
12267:
12264:
12261:
12260:
12259:
12255:
12252:
12248:
12245:
12242:
12239:
12236:
12233:
12230:
12226:
12223:
12222:
12220:
12217:
12214:
12211:
12208:
12207:
12203:
12200:
12196:
12193:
12190:
12187:
12184:
12181:
12177:
12174:
12170:
12167:
12163:
12160:
12159:
12155:
12154:
12151:
12147:North America
12144:
12140:
12130:
12126:
12124:
12120:
12117:
12115:
12111:
12107:
12103:
12102:
12099:
12092:
12089:
12086:
12083:
12080:
12077:
12074:
12071:
12068:
12067:South Vietnam
12065:
12062:
12059:
12054:
12051:
12050:
12048:
12045:
12042:
12039:
12036:
12033:
12030:
12027:
12024:
12021:
12016:
12013:
12012:
12010:
12007:
12004:
12001:
11998:
11995:
11992:
11989:
11986:
11983:
11978:
11975:
11972:
11969:
11966:
11963:
11960:
11957:
11956:
11954:
11951:
11948:
11945:
11942:
11939:
11936:
11933:
11930:
11927:
11924:
11921:
11918:
11915:
11912:
11909:
11906:
11903:
11900:
11897:
11894:
11890:
11886:
11885:
11881:
11878:
11875:
11872:
11869:
11866:
11863:
11860:
11856:
11853:
11850:
11847:
11842:
11839:
11838:
11836:
11833:
11830:
11827:
11826:
11823:
11816:
11812:
11802:
11798:
11795:
11791:
11787:
11783:
11779:
11776:
11773:
11769:
11765:
11762:
11760:
11756:
11755:
11752:
11745:
11742:
11739:
11736:
11733:
11730:
11727:
11726:
11722:
11719:
11716:
11713:
11710:
11707:
11704:
11701:
11698:
11695:
11692:
11689:
11686:
11683:
11680:
11677:
11674:
11671:
11668:
11665:
11662:
11659:
11656:
11653:
11652:
11648:
11645:
11642:
11639:
11636:
11633:
11630:
11627:
11624:
11621:
11618:
11615:
11612:
11609:
11606:
11603:
11600:
11597:
11594:
11591:
11588:
11585:
11582:
11579:
11575:
11572:
11569:
11566:
11563:
11560:
11557:
11554:
11551:
11548:
11545:
11542:
11539:
11536:
11533:
11530:
11527:
11523:
11520:
11517:
11513:
11510:
11507:
11506:
11502:
11501:
11498:
11491:
11487:
11476:
11473:
11468:
11465:
11462:
11459:
11458:
11456:
11451:
11448:
11447:
11442:
11439:
11436:
11433:
11430:
11427:
11424:
11423:
11419:
11416:
11413:
11410:
11407:
11404:
11400:
11399:
11395:
11394:
11391:
11384:
11380:
11374:
11370:
11368:
11364:
11362:
11359:
11356:
11351:
11350:
11347:
11343:
11339:
11331:
11326:
11324:
11319:
11317:
11312:
11311:
11308:
11296:
11293:
11292:
11289:
11277:
11274:
11269:
11265:
11264:
11263:
11260:
11258:
11255:
11254:
11252:
11248:
11245:
11243:
11240:
11238:
11235:
11234:
11232:
11225:
11221:
11218:
11214:
11211:
11207:
11204:
11200:
11199:
11198:
11195:
11190:
11186:
11185:
11184:
11181:
11180:
11178:
11174:
11171:
11169:
11166:
11165:
11163:
11162:
11160:
11158:
11154:
11148:
11145:
11141:
11138:
11136:
11133:
11132:
11130:
11128:
11125:
11123:
11120:
11119:
11116:
11113:
11109:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
11086:
11084:
11081:
11079:
11076:
11075:
11072:
11069:
11067:
11063:
11055:
11052:
11050:
11047:
11045:
11042:
11040:
11037:
11036:
11035:
11032:
11028:
11025:
11023:
11020:
11018:
11015:
11014:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11005:
11002:
11000:
10997:
10995:
10992:
10990:
10987:
10986:
10984:
10980:
10970:
10967:
10965:
10962:
10960:
10959:Tegart's Wall
10957:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10947:
10945:
10942:
10940:
10937:
10935:
10932:
10930:
10927:
10926:
10923:
10920:
10916:
10904:
10901:
10900:
10898:
10896:
10893:
10891:
10888:
10884:
10881:
10879:
10876:
10875:
10873:
10871:
10868:
10866:
10863:
10862:
10859:
10856:
10852:
10844:
10841:
10839:
10836:
10835:
10834:
10831:
10829:
10826:
10824:
10821:
10820:
10818:
10814:
10809:
10802:
10797:
10795:
10790:
10788:
10783:
10782:
10779:
10772:
10767:
10763:
10762:
10752:
10748:
10745:
10741:
10737:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10724:
10721:
10717:
10713:
10711:
10707:
10704:
10700:
10696:
10694:
10690:
10687:
10683:
10680:
10676:
10672:
10669:
10665:
10663:(1992) 49β52.
10662:
10658:
10655:
10651:
10648:
10645:
10641:
10638:
10634:
10631:
10627:
10624:
10620:
10617:
10613:
10610:
10606:
10604:
10600:
10597:
10593:
10589:
10588:
10576:
10570:
10566:
10561:
10550:
10544:
10540:
10536:
10535:
10530:
10526:
10522:
10516:
10512:
10507:
10496:
10490:
10486:
10482:
10481:
10476:
10472:
10468:
10462:
10458:
10454:
10453:
10448:
10444:
10433:
10427:
10423:
10422:
10416:
10412:
10406:
10402:
10397:
10386:
10380:
10376:
10372:
10371:
10366:
10362:
10358:
10347:
10341:
10337:
10333:
10332:
10327:
10326:Morris, Benny
10323:
10319:
10315:
10311:
10307:
10303:
10299:
10294:
10290:
10284:
10280:
10279:
10273:
10262:
10256:
10252:
10251:
10245:
10234:
10228:
10224:
10220:
10219:
10214:
10210:
10199:
10193:
10189:
10185:
10184:
10179:
10175:
10171:
10160:
10154:
10150:
10145:
10144:
10138:
10134:
10123:
10117:
10113:
10112:
10107:
10103:
10092:
10086:
10082:
10078:
10077:
10071:
10060:
10054:
10050:
10046:
10045:
10040:
10036:
10032:
10026:
10022:
10017:
10006:
10000:
9996:
9995:
9989:
9978:
9972:
9968:
9964:
9963:
9958:
9954:
9943:
9937:
9933:
9929:
9928:
9922:
9918:
9912:
9908:
9907:
9901:
9890:
9884:
9880:
9876:
9875:
9869:
9865:
9859:
9855:
9851:
9847:
9843:
9837:
9833:
9828:
9817:
9811:
9807:
9803:
9802:
9796:
9785:
9779:
9775:
9772:. The Hague:
9771:
9770:
9765:
9761:
9760:
9747:
9742:
9726:
9719:
9713:
9706:
9701:
9695:, p. 17.
9694:
9689:
9683:, p. 16.
9682:
9677:
9669:
9665:
9658:
9651:
9645:
9639:, p. 27.
9638:
9633:
9626:
9621:
9615:, p. 75.
9614:
9609:
9603:, p. 74.
9602:
9597:
9581:
9575:
9569:, p. 64.
9568:
9563:
9561:
9553:
9549:
9546:
9541:
9534:
9529:
9521:
9515:
9507:
9501:
9497:
9490:
9483:
9478:
9471:
9465:
9457:
9450:
9444:
9440:
9437:
9433:
9429:
9424:
9417:
9412:
9405:
9401:
9398:
9393:
9385:
9379:
9371:
9365:
9361:
9357:
9353:
9347:
9345:
9337:
9333:
9330:
9324:
9317:
9313:
9310:
9305:
9297:
9293:
9289:
9285:
9281:
9277:
9273:
9266:
9258:
9252:
9248:
9244:
9243:
9235:
9228:
9223:
9217:
9213:
9212:
9204:
9197:
9192:
9185:
9180:
9173:
9168:
9161:
9155:
9148:
9143:
9134:
9126:
9122:
9116:
9109:
9105:
9101:
9095:
9088:
9084:
9080:
9074:
9067:
9061:
9053:
9049:
9043:
9037:
9033:
9029:
9025:
9020:
9004:
9000:
8994:
8985:
8976:
8968:
8964:
8958:
8950:
8946:
8940:
8931:
8923:
8917:
8913:
8912:
8904:
8897:
8892:
8884:
8877:
8868:
8862:
8854:
8848:
8841:
8837:
8833:
8828:
8812:
8808:
8802:
8795:
8788:
8781:
8776:
8769:
8764:
8757:
8752:
8745:
8740:
8738:
8736:
8720:
8716:
8712:
8708:
8704:
8697:
8690:
8685:
8670:
8666:
8660:
8654:, p. 81.
8653:
8648:
8641:
8636:
8629:
8625:
8620:
8613:
8608:
8602:, p. 52.
8601:
8596:
8590:, p. 63.
8589:
8584:
8575:
8568:
8563:
8556:
8550:
8543:
8538:
8531:
8526:
8520:
8516:
8512:
8508:
8504:
8501:
8495:
8488:
8484:
8481:
8476:
8470:
8466:
8463:
8459:
8453:
8446:
8442:
8436:
8420:
8416:
8412:
8406:
8398:
8391:
8383:
8376:
8368:
8364:
8358:
8350:
8344:
8340:
8339:
8331:
8322:
8313:
8306:
8302:
8299:
8293:
8286:
8281:
8273:
8269:
8263:
8255:
8251:
8245:
8226:
8219:
8213:
8205:
8201:
8194:
8187:
8186:
8180:
8173:
8167:
8151:
8147:
8145:
8137:
8129:
8123:
8119:
8118:
8110:
8102:
8098:
8092:
8085:
8081:
8078:
8073:
8057:
8053:
8047:
8040:
8034:
8026:
8025:
8020:
8014:
8012:
8003:
7999:
7993:
7985:
7979:
7975:
7974:
7966:
7958:
7954:
7948:
7941:
7937:
7934:
7933:
7927:
7919:
7915:
7909:
7901:
7895:
7891:
7890:
7882:
7874:
7870:
7864:
7856:
7852:
7848:
7842:
7835:
7829:
7821:
7814:
7806:
7800:
7796:
7789:
7781:
7775:
7771:
7764:
7757:
7752:
7736:
7732:
7726:
7711:
7705:
7701:
7700:
7692:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7668:
7664:
7660:
7656:
7649:
7641:
7635:
7631:
7626:
7625:
7616:
7608:
7604:
7600:
7596:
7589:
7580:
7572:
7566:
7562:
7561:
7553:
7537:
7533:
7527:
7520:
7516:
7513:
7507:
7500:
7494:
7478:
7474:
7468:
7452:
7448:
7440:
7432:
7425:
7417:
7411:
7407:
7400:
7385:
7381:
7377:
7373:
7367:
7365:
7357:
7353:
7349:
7343:
7336:
7332:
7329:
7323:
7321:
7319:
7310:
7304:
7300:
7299:
7291:
7283:
7279:
7273:
7265:
7261:
7257:
7254:
7250:
7244:
7237:
7233:
7230:
7225:
7217:
7213:
7207:
7200:
7194:
7190:
7186:
7185:
7178:
7174:
7171:
7165:
7159:
7155:
7150:
7144:
7140:
7136:
7135:
7124:
7117:
7111:
7107:
7106:
7098:
7096:
7086:
7080:
7076:
7072:
7071:Morris, Benny
7066:
7059:
7055:
7051:
7048:
7043:
7036:
7032:
7026:
7019:
7013:
7007:negotiation."
6996:
6990:
6986:
6985:
6980:
6979:Morris, Benny
6974:
6972:
6964:
6958:
6956:
6948:
6944:
6941:
6940:
6933:
6931:
6924:, p. 28.
6923:
6918:
6911:
6906:
6899:
6894:
6878:
6874:
6868:
6860:
6854:
6850:
6849:
6841:
6834:
6829:
6822:
6817:
6802:
6798:
6797:
6789:
6782:
6781:Jewish Agency
6778:
6774:
6769:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6742:
6735:
6730:
6724:
6720:
6715:
6713:
6705:
6699:
6683:
6676:
6669:
6665:
6662:
6657:
6655:
6647:
6641:
6639:
6630:
6626:
6620:
6613:
6607:
6600:
6594:
6587:
6581:
6573:
6567:
6563:
6559:
6553:
6546:
6542:
6538:
6532:
6525:
6519:
6513:
6509:
6508:
6501:
6499:
6497:
6495:
6486:
6482:
6478:
6472:
6470:
6452:
6448:
6442:
6431:
6427:
6420:
6414:
6407:
6401:
6394:
6388:
6380:
6376:
6375:
6370:
6363:
6356:
6352:
6349:
6343:
6336:
6335:Eretz Yisrael
6331:
6330:
6329:Orientations,
6325:
6324:Ronald Storrs
6320:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6300:
6296:
6289:
6281:
6275:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6259:
6253:
6249:
6246:
6242:
6238:
6232:
6217:
6211:
6207:
6206:
6198:
6191:
6186:
6176:
6170:
6166:
6165:
6157:
6150:
6149:
6142:
6133:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6115:
6110:
6101:
6095:
6091:
6084:
6076:
6072:
6066:
6059:
6054:
6045:
6044:
6036:
6021:
6017:
6011:
6007:
5991:
5981:
5973:
5972:
5965:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5934:
5927:
5921:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5904:
5895:
5891:
5889:
5880:
5876:
5872:
5868:
5864:
5860:
5854:
5850:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5791:
5778:
5773:
5766:
5761:
5757:
5750:
5745:
5741:
5734:
5729:
5725:
5719:
5714:
5711:
5704:
5699:
5695:
5688:
5683:
5680:
5673:
5668:
5665:
5658:
5653:
5649:
5642:
5637:
5633:
5626:
5621:
5618:
5611:
5606:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5588:
5583:
5579:
5578:field marshal
5575:
5568:
5563:
5559:
5556:
5550:
5545:
5544:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5526:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5508:
5498:
5496:
5495:
5489:
5484:
5482:
5477:
5474:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5445:
5436:
5435:
5434:Eretz Yisrael
5422:
5409:
5397:
5385:
5373:
5363:
5353:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5342:
5337:
5336:Gershon Agron
5333:
5332:
5323:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5289:
5287:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5269:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5249:
5245:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5151:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5116:
5113:
5110:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5075:
5072:
5069:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5019:
5015:
5014:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4990:
4987:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4914:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4680:
4677:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4646:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4564:
4563:
4560:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4296:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3887:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3744:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3678:Sub-District
3673:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3654:
3597: 100,000
3584:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3434:
3431:
3427:
3418:
3413:
3409:
3402:
3401:second census
3398:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3358:
3350:
3340:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3307:Gaza District
3304:
3300:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3116:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3019:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2919:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2708:
2706:
2696:
2693:
2688:
2686:
2681:
2673:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2647:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2633:In 1942, the
2631:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2619:Emir Abdullah
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2596:In 1937, the
2594:
2589:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2577:Basle program
2572:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2552:
2548:
2546:
2535:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2523:anti-Semitism
2520:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2485:Etzel (Irgun)
2482:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2455:In 1929, the
2453:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2432:Ottoman Syria
2427:
2423:
2417:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2234:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2079:
2076:
2071:
2052:
2040:
2030:
2020:
2018:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1960:ceased to be
1959:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1919:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1684:
1675:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1664:Yitzak Shamir
1661:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1636:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1599:Eliyahu Hakim
1596:
1592:
1588:
1580:
1577:Jerusalem on
1575:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1433:Yemenite Jews
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:Italian Front
1419:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1221:
1216:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1195:Jewish Agency
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1137:In 1937, the
1131:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
992:
982:
980:
975:
972:
970:
966:
961:
959:
955:
950:
945:
943:
939:
938:Jewish Agency
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
901:
899:
894:
892:
888:
880:
876:
872:
867:
860:
856:
852:
851:Emir Abdullah
848:
844:
839:
833:
828:
824:
822:
821:Jabel Mukaber
818:
817:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
786:
784:
780:
776:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
736:
725:
718:
708:
706:
702:
696:
691:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
666:(ΧΧ¨Χ₯ ΧΧ©ΧΧ¨ΧΧ,
665:
661:
658:(ΩΩΨ³Ψ·ΩΩ) and
657:
652:
647:
637:
635:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
552:Ottoman Syria
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
526:
522:
518:
517:Arab uprising
513:
511:
508:
504:
500:
492:
488:
485:
483:Today part of
481:
465:
463:
460:
459:
451:
449:
446:
445:
437:
435:
432:
431:
428:
422:
419:
412:
411:
408:
407:
404:
401:
399:
396:
395:
391:
388:
385:
383:
382:ISO 3166 code
379:
373:
367:
363:
359:
355:
352:β’ Census
349:
346:
342:
338:
332:
329:
325:
321:
317:
314:
308:
304:
298:
295:25 April 1920
294:
285:
281:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
261:
259:
255:
252:
249:
243:
240:
237:
231:
227:
223:
219:
216:
213:
207:
204:
201:
195:
191:
187:
184:
179:
176:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
144:
140:
137:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119:
116:
112:
109:
105:
102:
98:
91:
86:
80:
74:
66:
60:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
13148:
13081:
13064:
13056:
13022:
13014:
13006:
13000:Saint Helena
12998:
12942:
12934:
12784:Cook Islands
12735:
12708:New Hebrides
12677:20th century
12593:West Florida
12578:
12564:
12496:Rhode Island
12474:Pennsylvania
12432:Newfoundland
12369:
12294:
12244:East Florida
12215:16th c.β1880
12204:
12156:
12053:Crown Colony
12041:Pulo Condore
12028:
12015:Crown Colony
12009:North Borneo
11882:
11841:Protectorate
11790:unrecognised
11784:in 1965 (as
11723:
11676:South Africa
11664:Sierra Leone
11651:Saint Helena
11649:
11644:Orange River
11522:Bechuanaland
11503:
11461:Protectorate
11420:
11396:
11360:
11340:and Current
11257:Christianity
11179:Immigration
11157:Demographics
11131:Settlements
11098:Arab boycott
11013:During WWII
10903:Jordan River
10807:
10735:
10715:
10698:
10674:
10667:
10660:
10653:
10643:
10622:
10615:
10608:
10591:
10564:
10552:. Retrieved
10533:
10510:
10498:. Retrieved
10479:
10451:
10435:. Retrieved
10420:
10400:
10388:. Retrieved
10369:
10349:. Retrieved
10334:. New York:
10330:
10304:(1): 73β96.
10301:
10297:
10277:
10264:. Retrieved
10249:
10236:. Retrieved
10217:
10201:. Retrieved
10182:
10162:. Retrieved
10149:Beacon Press
10142:
10125:. Retrieved
10110:
10094:. Retrieved
10075:
10062:. Retrieved
10049:Bantam Books
10043:
10039:Katz, Shmuel
10020:
10008:. Retrieved
9993:
9980:. Retrieved
9961:
9945:. Retrieved
9926:
9905:
9892:. Retrieved
9873:
9853:
9831:
9819:. Retrieved
9800:
9787:. Retrieved
9768:
9756:Bibliography
9746:Khalidi 2006
9741:
9729:. Retrieved
9724:
9712:
9705:Khalidi 2006
9700:
9693:Khalidi 2006
9688:
9681:Khalidi 2006
9676:
9667:
9657:
9649:
9644:
9637:Khalidi 2006
9632:
9625:Khalidi 2006
9620:
9608:
9596:
9584:. Retrieved
9574:
9540:
9528:
9495:
9489:
9477:
9469:
9464:
9449:
9427:
9423:
9415:
9411:
9392:
9355:
9323:
9304:
9279:
9275:
9265:
9241:
9234:
9225:
9210:
9203:
9191:
9179:
9167:
9162:, p. 27
9154:
9149:, p. 4.
9142:
9133:
9124:
9115:
9099:
9094:
9078:
9073:
9065:
9060:
9051:
9042:
9023:
9019:
9007:. Retrieved
9003:the original
8993:
8984:
8975:
8966:
8957:
8948:
8939:
8930:
8910:
8903:
8895:
8891:
8882:
8876:
8866:
8861:
8852:
8847:
8831:
8827:
8815:. Retrieved
8811:the original
8801:
8793:
8787:
8780:Kominko 2015
8775:
8763:
8751:
8744:Kominko 2015
8722:. Retrieved
8713:(2): 23β42.
8710:
8706:
8696:
8689:Khalidi 2006
8684:
8672:. Retrieved
8668:
8659:
8652:Khalidi 2006
8647:
8635:
8624:Khalidi 2006
8619:
8612:Khalidi 2006
8607:
8600:Khalidi 2006
8595:
8588:Khalidi 2006
8583:
8574:
8567:Khalidi 2006
8562:
8554:
8549:
8542:Khalidi 2006
8537:
8530:Khalidi 2006
8525:
8510:
8494:
8475:
8452:
8435:
8423:. Retrieved
8419:the original
8414:
8405:
8390:
8375:
8366:
8357:
8337:
8330:
8321:
8312:
8292:
8285:Masalha, Nur
8280:
8271:
8262:
8253:
8244:
8232:. Retrieved
8225:the original
8212:
8203:
8199:
8193:
8184:
8179:
8171:
8166:
8154:. Retrieved
8143:
8136:
8116:
8109:
8100:
8091:
8072:
8060:. Retrieved
8056:the original
8046:
8038:
8033:
8022:
8001:
7992:
7972:
7965:
7956:
7947:
7931:
7926:
7917:
7908:
7888:
7881:
7872:
7863:
7855:the original
7850:
7841:
7833:
7828:
7820:"The Revolt"
7813:
7794:
7788:
7769:
7763:
7751:
7739:. Retrieved
7735:the original
7725:
7713:. Retrieved
7698:
7691:
7658:
7654:
7648:
7623:
7615:
7598:
7594:
7588:
7579:
7559:
7552:
7540:. Retrieved
7536:the original
7526:
7506:
7498:
7493:
7481:. Retrieved
7476:
7467:
7455:. Retrieved
7450:
7439:
7424:
7405:
7399:
7387:. Retrieved
7375:
7347:
7342:
7297:
7290:
7281:
7272:
7264:Kurt Wieland
7243:
7224:
7216:the original
7206:
7183:
7164:
7133:
7123:
7104:
7074:
7065:
7042:
7035:Avraham Sela
7030:
7025:
7017:
7012:
6998:. Retrieved
6983:
6962:
6938:
6922:Khalidi 2001
6917:
6910:Khalidi 1987
6905:
6900:, p. 26
6898:Khalidi 2001
6893:
6881:. Retrieved
6877:the original
6867:
6847:
6840:
6833:Shapira 1992
6828:
6823:, p. 14
6816:
6805:, retrieved
6801:the original
6795:
6788:
6773:Gilbert 1998
6768:
6759:
6753:
6746:Khalidi 2006
6741:
6736:, p. 80
6734:Gilbert 1998
6729:
6703:
6698:
6686:. Retrieved
6680:Las, Nelly.
6675:
6645:
6629:the original
6619:
6611:
6606:
6598:
6593:
6585:
6580:
6561:
6552:
6536:
6531:
6523:
6518:
6505:
6485:the original
6480:
6455:. Retrieved
6451:the original
6441:
6430:the original
6425:
6413:
6405:
6400:
6392:
6387:
6372:
6362:
6342:
6334:
6328:
6319:
6302:
6298:
6288:
6268:
6258:
6236:
6231:
6219:. Retrieved
6204:
6197:
6190:Khalidi 1997
6185:
6163:
6156:
6147:
6146:
6141:
6132:
6124:
6109:
6089:
6083:
6075:the original
6065:
6053:
6042:
6035:
6023:. Retrieved
6019:
6010:
5990:
5980:
5969:
5964:
5955:
5946:
5939:
5933:
5920:
5908:
5900:
5885:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5853:
5754:Mandate-era
5694:Western Wall
5535:
5527:
5504:
5492:
5485:
5478:
5446:
5442:
5432:
5339:
5329:
5327:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5266:
5264:
5253:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5173:
5139:
5132:
5098:
5091:
5057:
5050:
5016:
5009:
4975:
4968:
4934:
4927:
4893:
4886:
4852:
4845:
4811:
4804:
4770:
4763:
4729:
4722:
4688:
4681:
4647:
4640:
4606:
4599:
4565:
4558:
4524:
4517:
4483:
4476:
4442:
4435:
4401:
4394:
4360:
4353:
4319:
4312:
4278:
4225:Municipality
4214:
3659:
3615: 10,000
3609: 20,000
3603: 50,000
3435:
3422:
3406:
3394:first census
3386:Hejazi Arabs
3363:
3333:Demographics
3298:
3296:
3236:Uncultivable
3113:
3027:Corporations
3017:
2725:Jewish-owned
2719:Sub-district
2702:
2689:
2682:
2678:
2639:
2632:
2624:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2574:
2562:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2532:
2528:
2516:
2512:
2470:
2465:
2454:
2449:
2443:
2429:
2403:
2399:
2396:World War II
2391:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2363:
2357:
2347:
2329:, twelve in
2316:
2310:
2300:
2292:
2254:
2236:
2231:
2223:
2221:
2181:
2150:Ernest Bevin
2143:
2116:
2092:
2080:
2067:
2016:
2013:
2002:seizing the
1985:
1974:
1950:
1938:Eretz-Israel
1924:
1896:Royal assent
1880:
1839:
1822:
1806:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1757:
1749:Soviet Union
1743:
1737:
1710:
1692:
1687:Labour Party
1680:
1642:
1584:
1581:, 8 May 1945
1552:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1519:
1514:: the motor
1506:
1486:
1484:
1461:
1452:Jewish State
1451:
1430:
1412:
1384:British Army
1377:
1356:Mobilisation
1343:
1306:
1291:
1280:
1271:towards the
1269:North Africa
1265:Erwin Rommel
1258:
1256:
1240:Nazi Germany
1225:
1184:
1178:
1167:
1136:
1119:
1104:
1100:
1073:
1066:
1038:
1006:anti-Zionist
988:
976:
973:
962:
946:
902:
895:
884:
814:
809:
806:Mount Scopus
787:
772:
741:
698:
693:
679:
663:
659:
655:
653:
649:
631:
615:Jordan River
576:
514:
498:
497:
403:Succeeded by
402:
397:
369:(until 1927)
335:β’ Total
158:BahΓ‘ΚΌΓ Faith
154:Christianity
106:of the
36:
13117:Anglosphere
12835:New Zealand
12744:New Zealand
12613:West Jersey
12528:Saint Lucia
12514:Saint Kitts
12508:Saint Croix
12488:1763β1791*
12456:Nova Scotia
12402:New England
12358:, 1691β1776
12325:East Jersey
12313:Connecticut
12192:Bay Islands
12079:Transjordan
11997:Mesopotamia
11835:Afghanistan
11829:Aden Colony
11614:Niger Coast
11580:) 1874β1957
11556:East Africa
11538:Cape Colony
11528:) 1884β1966
11518:) 1868β1966
11224:clandestine
11122:Archaeology
11049:Arab Revolt
11039:Jaffa riots
10361:PappΓ©, Ilan
10127:12 February
9586:18 November
9184:Avneri 1984
9160:Khalaf 1991
8640:Morris 2001
8272:www.jta.org
8002:www.jta.org
7957:www.jta.org
7756:"Palestine"
7601:(1): 1β16.
7000:12 February
6883:15 December
6721:, pp.
6688:20 November
6670:Answers.com
6457:14 February
6264:Nur Masalha
6025:12 February
5926:Nur Masalha
5758:, Jerusalem
5634:, Jerusalem
5344:. In 1923,
5324:(1944β1948)
5305:(1927β1936)
5299:(1921β1927)
4211:Urban areas
3633: 1,000
3627: 2,000
3621: 5,000
3578:By district
3382:Circassians
3063:Hemnuta Ltd
2692:Palestinian
2477:Jaffa riots
2466:Arab Agency
2364:The Defense
2307:World War I
2075:Mesopotamia
2044:Front cover
1753:Arab League
1666:, a future
1585:The Jewish
1382:within the
1373:Jewish flag
1174:White Paper
1054:Beit She'an
804:complex on
534:out of the
398:Preceded by
375:(from 1927)
318:14 May 1948
225:Legislature
175:Palestinian
79:Public Seal
13155:Categories
13069:since 1908
13061:since 1908
13027:since 1833
13019:since 1816
13011:since 1815
13003:since 1658
12960:department
12947:since 1908
12939:since 1833
12740:since 1838
12720:Swan River
12714:Queensland
12601:1958β1962
12583:since 1666
12569:since 1799
12420:New Jersey
12390:New Albion
12374:since 1632
12371:Montserrat
12352:1629β1691
12299:since 1670
12221:1858β1866
12209:since 1619
12161:since 1650
12114:Bangladesh
12049:1841β1946
12011:1882β1963
11977:Federation
11955:1819β1826
11893:Seychelles
11837:1839β1842
11728:since 1816
11712:Tanganyika
11670:Somaliland
11658:Seychelles
11654:since 1658
11574:Gold Coast
11568:The Gambia
11512:Basutoland
11508:since 1815
11450:Free State
11443:1542β1800
11429:Heligoland
11425:since 1713
11233:Languages
10447:Segev, Tom
10375:I.B.Tauris
9930:. London:
9877:. London:
9468:Mills, E.
9196:Stein 1984
9172:Stein 1984
9147:Stein 1984
9028:Yossi Katz
8817:29 January
8768:Regan 2018
8724:14 January
8665:"Filastin"
8628:Segev 2000
8425:12 January
7542:11 January
7389:6 December
7156:, p.
7154:Segev 2000
6821:Black 1991
6719:Segev 2000
6426:ecf.org.il
6241:VIII Corps
6235:|The 1915
6002:References
5924:Historian
5756:pillar box
5632:Jaffa Road
5530:Ilan PappΓ©
5352:in 1961).
4854:Khan Yunis
4259:Metawilehs
4249:Samaritans
4239:Christians
4204:1,845,560
4105:negligible
4035:Jerusalem
3990:negligible
3962:negligible
3687:Christian
3552:population
3259:26,184.70
3245:17,224.33
3194:Plantation
2921:Jerusalem
2722:Arab-owned
2654:See also:
2534:Palestine.
2450:New Yishuv
2445:Old Yishuv
2420:See also:
2213:Musa Kazim
2004:Gaza Strip
1818:UN Charter
1789:See also:
1733:Yugoslavia
1660:Bernadotte
1607:Lord Moyne
1497:Royal Navy
1456:Haifa Port
1396:Yugoslavia
1388:War Office
1369:Union Flag
1273:Suez Canal
1246:, bombing
1186:Aliyah Bet
1088:Yigal Alon
1069:Nashashibi
1002:Black Hand
918:al-Husayni
861:and others
644:See also:
627:Gaza Strip
617:, and the
554:under the
345:Population
170:Demonym(s)
13053:1841β1947
13040:1841β1933
12931:1831β1966
12925:1670β1688
12919:1651β1667
12913:1631β1641
12843:1914β1962
12837:1907β1947
12830:1901β1942
12828:Australia
12823:1900β1974
12817:1900β1970
12805:1893β1978
12798:1892β1979
12792:1889β1948
12786:1888β1901
12780:Rarotonga
12776:1884β1902
12770:1877β1976
12764:1874β1970
12758:1851β1901
12752:1846β1847
12746:1841β1907
12732:1836β1901
12726:1829β1901
12716:1824β1901
12710:1824β1980
12704:1807β1863
12698:1803β1901
12688:1788β1901
12621:1833β1960
12615:1674β1702
12607:1967β1983
12595:1763β1783
12589:1607β1776
12575:1849β1866
12561:1889β1962
12555:1862β1863
12549:1712β1776
12543:1635β1644
12537:1627β1979
12530:1605β1979
12523:1882β1983
12516:1623β1983
12510:1625β1650
12504:1670β1870
12498:1636β1776
12492:1853β1863
12482:1620β1691
12476:1681β1776
12470:1763β1873
12458:1713β1867
12452:1859β1870
12446:1712β1776
12440:1583β1907
12434:1907β1949
12428:1664β1776
12416:1637β1662
12414:New Haven
12410:1680β1776
12404:1686β1689
12398:1784β1867
12386:1628β1983
12380:1655β1860
12366:1632β1776
12340:1655β1962
12333:1733β1776
12327:1674β1702
12321:1701β1776
12315:1636β1776
12309:1818β1846
12291:1663β1712
12283:1867β1931
12277:1841β1867
12271:1791β1841
12265:1791β1841
12253:1762β1974
12246:1763β1783
12240:1763β1978
12234:1754β1820
12225:1866β1871
12201:1871β1981
12194:1643β1860
12188:1624β1966
12182:1670β1973
12175:1860β1981
12168:1632β1860
12093:1898β1930
12087:1892β1971
12081:1921β1946
12075:1826β1946
12069:1945β1946
12063:1946β1963
12061:Singapore
12055:1946β1963
12043:1702β1705
12037:1786β1946
12031:1923β1948
12029:Palestine
12017:1946β1963
12005:1891β1971
11999:1920β1932
11993:1762β1764
11987:1796β1965
11979:1948β1957
11973:1946β1948
11967:1885β1946
11961:1895β1946
11949:1848β1946
11943:1918β1961
11937:1811β1816
11931:1858β1947
11925:1841β1997
11923:Hong Kong
11919:1878β1960
11913:1795β1948
11907:1888β1984
11901:1824β1948
11889:Mauritius
11879:1874β1963
11867:1757β1947
11861:1812β1824
11851:1685β1824
11849:Bencoolen
11843:1879β1919
11831:1839β1967
11746:1887β1897
11740:1890β1963
11734:1890β1962
11720:1900β1910
11718:Transvaal
11714:1922β1961
11708:1899β1956
11702:1893β1968
11700:Swaziland
11696:1900β1914
11684:1915β1931
11678:1910β1931
11672:1884β1960
11666:1792β1961
11660:1903β1976
11646:1900β1910
11640:1891β1964
11638:Nyasaland
11634:1924β1964
11628:1900β1914
11622:1914β1960
11616:1884β1900
11610:1856β1910
11604:1810β1968
11602:Mauritius
11598:1807β1808
11592:1862β1906
11586:1920β1963
11570:1816β1965
11564:1882β1922
11558:1895β1920
11552:1891β1907
11546:1806β1910
11540:1795β1803
11534:1919β1961
11532:Cameroons
11469:1813β1964
11463:1800β1813
11452:1921β1931
11437:1809β1864
11431:1807β1890
11422:Gibraltar
11417:1878β1960
11411:1794β1796
11365:*Current
11253:Religion
11217:1929-1939
11210:1924-1928
11203:1919-1923
11164:Censuses
10870:Districts
10854:Geography
10531:(1987) .
10328:(2001) .
10318:154745632
10215:(1987) .
10176:(2007) .
9967:Doubleday
9932:Routledge
9879:Routledge
9514:cite book
9378:cite book
9296:153944896
9247:Routledge
8555:The Times
7741:24 August
7683:143484109
7675:0891-4486
7018:The Times
6981:(2004) .
6949:, p. 391.
6646:The Times
6404:Tessler,
5863:Mandatory
5859:Palestine
5574:Jerusalem
5525:in 1925.
5515:Histadrut
5501:Education
5421:Palestine
5256:districts
5100:Shefa-Amr
5059:Beersheba
4977:Beit Jala
4731:Bethlehem
4280:Jerusalem
4186:1,076,780
4128:Beersheba
4067:Jerusalem
3675:District
3662:districts
3639: 500
3528:1,061,270
3525:1,764,520
3497:1,036,339
3458:Christian
3374:Beersheba
3311:Beersheba
3253:24,670.46
3239:16,925.81
3203:1,175.30
3175:6,317.29
2976:Beersheba
2941:Jerusalem
2602:Earl Peel
2436:Palestine
2335:Bethlehem
2325:, six in
2323:Jerusalem
2312:Al-Karmil
2176:Jerusalem
1996:West Bank
1909:wrote to
1855:Jerusalem
1842:civil war
1529:Black Sea
1488:Aliya Bet
1480:Mauritius
1472:Holocaust
1415:Brigadier
989:In 1930,
954:Elections
881:β unknown
760:elections
701:mandatory
680:PΔlΔΕtΔ«nΔ
660:PΔlΔΕtΔ«nΔ
640:Etymology
625:" in the
574:in 1922.
570:from the
523:in 1916,
515:After an
491:Palestine
142:Religion
118:Jerusalem
49:1920β1948
43:Palestine
13128:Category
12964:Colombia
12879:Kiribati
12756:Victoria
12696:Tasmania
12587:Virginia
12553:Stickeen
12541:Saybrook
12480:Plymouth
12426:New York
12364:Maryland
12356:Province
12319:Delaware
12289:Carolina
12281:Dominion
12275:Province
12238:Dominica
12186:Barbados
12158:Anguilla
12129:disputed
12110:Pakistan
11985:Maldives
11859:Billiton
11786:Rhodesia
11772:Tanzania
11768:Cameroon
11744:Zululand
11738:Zanzibar
11526:Botswana
11295:Category
11147:Olympics
11127:Football
10982:Security
10954:Passport
10918:Politics
10878:Dead Sea
10747:Archived
10723:Archived
10706:Archived
10689:Archived
10633:Archived
10599:Archived
10477:(1992).
10449:(2000).
10266:31 March
10139:(2006).
10108:(1997).
10041:(1973).
9959:(1998).
9852:(1979).
9766:(1972).
9731:16 April
9548:Archived
9535:, page 9
9439:Archived
9400:Archived
9354:(1991).
9332:Archived
9312:Archived
9089:, p. 138
8503:Archived
8483:Archived
8465:Archived
8301:Archived
8206:: 29β31.
8150:Archived
8080:Archived
7936:Archived
7515:Archived
7483:26 March
7457:27 March
7331:Archived
7280:(1947).
7267:landing.
7256:Archived
7232:Archived
7073:(2011),
7060:, Beirut
7050:Archived
6943:Archived
6807:4 August
6796:Covenant
6664:Archived
6379:Archived
6351:Archived
6266:(2018).
6248:Archived
6117:Archived
5971:Falastin
5788:See also
5519:Technion
5513:and the
4936:Ramallah
4895:Tulkarem
4690:Tiberias
4608:Nazareth
4178:150,540
4095:Ramallah
4089:253,270
3948:Samaria
3943:134,030
3915:409,290
3862:Tiberias
3806:Nazareth
3746:Galilee
3741:253,450
3256:1,514.25
3197:1,079.79
3169:5,503.18
3124:Category
2957:Ramallah
2870:Samaria
2820:Tiberias
2788:Nazareth
2752:Galilee
2716:District
2705:district
2400:Falastin
2384:Falastin
2376:Al-Difa'
2372:Falastin
2359:Al-Difa'
2343:Tulkarem
2318:Falastin
2294:Falastin
2225:Falastin
2197:Istanbul
2010:Politics
1998:and the
1850:Tel Aviv
1516:schooner
1505:SS
1470:and the
1392:Tarvisio
1345:Falastin
1248:Tel Aviv
1220:Tel Aviv
656:FilasΕ£Δ«n
609:, which
361:Currency
274:Cold War
13119:culture
12873:Vanuatu
12663:Oceania
12338:Jamaica
12331:Georgia
12251:Grenada
12206:Bermuda
12180:Bahamas
12166:Antigua
12047:Sarawak
11759:Namibia
11620:Nigeria
11596:Madeira
11516:Lesotho
11475:Minorca
11441:Ireland
11409:Corsica
11336:Former
11276:Judaism
11242:English
11189:Bedouin
11135:Kibbutz
11111:Culture
11066:Economy
10899:Rivers
10843:Zionism
10816:History
10437:1 April
10010:2 April
9668:Haaretz
9436:260β262
9329:Nations
9227:country
9110:, p. 17
8674:4 March
8447:, p. 28
8156:9 April
8041:, p. 46
7715:24 July
7607:4321940
7384:4467083
7170:General
6965:, p. 66
6723:360β362
6507:Haaretz
6167:. Zed.
5555:General
5541:Gallery
5356:Economy
5315:, 1941)
4254:Baha'is
4229:Muslims
4198:145,060
4192:608,230
4160:145,700
4117:48,930
4108:<1%
4077:102,520
4071:104,460
4061:93,120
4058:<1%
4052:<1%
4030:93,220
4008:Tulkarm
4002:94,600
3993:<1%
3974:61,210
3965:<1%
3903:295,160
3884:41,470
3856:56,970
3828:49,910
3800:24,950
3772:73,600
3729:119,020
3684:Jewish
3681:Muslim
3538:135,550
3533:553,600
3505:175,138
3500:761,922
3472:589,177
3469:752,048
3370:Bedouin
3217:286.76
3189:951.34
3147:146.77
3098:906.80
3050:193.70
3040:660.10
2906:Tulkarm
2473:Haganah
2462:Haganah
2404:Al-Difa
2392:Al-Liwa
2388:Al-Difa
2356:called
2291:-owned
1964:, with
1927:General
1886:made a
1874:in the
1872:Haganah
1811:as the
1803:in 1948
1776:leader
1619:Haganah
1547:MefkΓΌre
1538:MefkΓΌre
1527:in the
1501:Haganah
1428:there.
1410:(IDF).
1400:Berihah
1342:-based
1287:Haganah
1282:Palmach
1222:in 1942
1107:Haganah
963:At the
958:boycott
942:Islamic
926:Zionism
779:Tel Hai
766:of the
711:History
613:of the
525:British
311:β’
288:β’
150:Judaism
128:English
114:Capital
104:Mandate
13138:Portal
12958:Now a
12929:Guiana
12883:Tuvalu
12486:Quebec
12258:Canada
12199:Belize
12091:Weihai
12035:Penang
12023:Padang
11953:Malaya
11947:Labuan
11941:Kuwait
11917:Cyprus
11911:Ceylon
11905:Brunei
11877:Borneo
11871:Bhutan
11865:Bengal
11801:Zambia
11732:Uganda
11494:Africa
11467:Colony
11457:Malta
11415:Cyprus
11403:Cyprus
11387:Europe
11353:Legend
11247:Hebrew
11237:Arabic
11197:Jewish
11140:Moshav
10874:Lakes
10865:Survey
10744:online
10720:online
10703:Online
10686:online
10679:online
10656:(2010)
10644:Attlee
10611:(2014)
10596:online
10571:
10545:
10517:
10491:
10463:
10428:
10407:
10381:
10342:
10316:
10285:
10257:
10229:
10194:
10155:
10118:
10087:
10055:
10027:
10001:
9973:
9938:
9913:
9885:
9860:
9838:
9812:
9780:
9502:
9366:
9294:
9253:
9218:
9106:
9085:
9034:
9009:8 June
8918:
8838:
8443:
8367:un.org
8345:
8124:
8062:20 May
7980:
7896:
7801:
7776:
7706:
7681:
7673:
7636:
7605:
7567:
7512:online
7499:Attlee
7412:
7382:
7354:
7305:
7195:
7152:; and
7145:
7112:
7081:
7033:. Ed.
6991:
6855:
6568:
6543:
6276:
6221:17 May
6212:
6171:
6096:
5911:, the
5894:Hebrew
5879:Arabic
5869:, the
5696:, 1933
5599:, the
5509:, the
5494:Yishuv
5459:; the
5425:ΩΩΨ³Ψ·ΩΩ
5286:millet
5281:millet
5268:millet
5250:, 1939
5231:264317
5186:139074
5141:Beisan
4813:Majdal
4649:Ramleh
4485:Nablus
4444:Hebron
4273:TOTAL
4264:Hindus
4183:Total
4150:7,000
4099:40,520
4083:46,130
4043:92,640
4039:Hebron
4018:16,180
4012:76,460
3984:92,810
3980:Nablus
3956:60,000
3931:31,590
3925:95,590
3909:17,790
3897:95,980
3889:Lydda
3872:13,640
3866:23,940
3838:47,310
3822:11,770
3810:30,160
3782:16,660
3778:Beisan
3766:11,800
3754:51,130
3735:33,710
3723:95,970
3715:Haifa
3707:Number
3701:Number
3695:Number
3690:Total
3655:desert
3649:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3625:
3619:
3613:
3607:
3601:
3595:
3589:
3554:growth
3543:14,100
3515:10,145
3510:89,134
3482:71,464
3477:83,790
3461:Other
3455:Jewish
3452:Muslim
3428:, the
3419:, 1938
3366:Arabic
3250:Total
3242:298.52
3222:Banana
3214:141.19
3211:145.57
3208:Citrus
3183:900.29
3172:814.10
3161:79.18
3133:Total
3066:16.50
2983:<1%
2964:<1%
2932:<1%
2925:Hebron
2897:<1%
2890:Nablus
2881:<1%
2835:Lydda
2772:Beisan
2733:Haifa
2685:dunams
2628:Plan D
2501:Aliyah
2440:Yishuv
2390:, and
1721:UNSCOP
1579:VE Day
1543:Morina
1533:Bulbul
1520:Struma
1507:Patria
1332:Nablus
1328:Berlin
1301:, the
1260:Yishuv
1230:, the
1180:Yishuv
1076:Nablus
1056:) and
1050:Beisan
1015:Ya'bad
991:Sheikh
969:Vienna
908:, the
783:attack
775:attack
605:, the
593:. The
548:France
538:. The
536:Levant
530:drove
528:forces
487:Israel
434:Israel
188:
136:Hebrew
132:Arabic
100:Status
12881:and *
12847:Nauru
12841:Samoa
12815:Tonga
12774:Papua
12384:Nevis
12269:Upper
12263:Lower
12106:India
11971:Union
11929:India
11899:Burma
11855:Banka
11706:Sudan
11608:Natal
11590:Lagos
11584:Kenya
11578:Ghana
11562:Egypt
11262:Islam
10554:2 May
10500:2 May
10390:2 May
10351:2 May
10314:S2CID
10238:2 May
10203:2 May
10164:2 May
10096:6 May
10064:2 May
9982:2 May
9947:5 May
9894:2 May
9821:2 May
9789:2 May
9721:(PDF)
9292:S2CID
9026:, by
8489:(PDF)
8234:3 May
8228:(PDF)
8221:(PDF)
7679:S2CID
7630:66β67
7603:JSTOR
7380:JSTOR
7251:(See
6433:(PDF)
6422:(PDF)
5845:Notes
5664:Jaffa
5481:Haifa
5473:Tnuva
5196:55043
5191:68622
5181:TOTAL
5018:Jenin
4567:Lydda
4526:Safad
4518:15947
4490:15238
4477:16577
4449:16074
4436:17480
4408:16722
4395:24634
4362:Haifa
4354:47709
4329:20152
4326:20699
4321:Jaffa
4313:62578
4291:14699
4288:33971
4285:13413
4269:Sikhs
4244:Druze
4172:1,300
4166:3,540
4132:6,270
4111:8,410
3996:1,560
3968:1,210
3952:Jenin
3937:5,840
3921:Ramle
3893:Jaffa
3878:2,470
3850:1,630
3844:7,170
3834:Safad
3816:7,980
3788:7,590
3760:3,030
3719:Haifa
3653:Negev
3571:2.7%
3545:(1%)
3535:(31%)
3530:(60%)
3522:1945
3517:(1%)
3507:(17%)
3502:(74%)
3494:1931
3489:(1%)
3487:7,617
3484:(10%)
3479:(11%)
3474:(78%)
3466:1922
3449:Total
3378:Druze
3327:Yibna
3319:Haifa
3303:Jaffa
3231:3.73
3200:95.51
3186:51.05
3158:42.33
3155:36.85
3144:70.11
3141:76.66
3138:Urban
3095:Total
3090:8.40
3082:8.50
3074:9.90
3058:9.70
3030:Area
2972:Gaza
2874:Jenin
2855:Ramle
2839:Jaffa
2804:Safad
2737:Haifa
2354:Jaffa
2331:Haifa
2327:Jaffa
1859:Haifa
1830:Negev
1801:Haifa
1774:Irgun
1763:Cairo
1657:Count
1611:Cairo
1340:Jaffa
1303:Nazis
1252:Haifa
1092:Irgun
1041:Haifa
1004:, an
979:riots
810:circa
730:1920s
328:Area
164:faith
162:Druze
146:Islam
12877:Now
12871:Now
12821:Niue
12762:Fiji
12464:1843
12392:1579
12112:and
12104:Now
11935:Java
11891:and
11857:and
11819:Asia
11799:Now
11757:Now
11268:Shia
11183:Arab
11173:1931
11168:1922
10969:Seal
10964:Flag
10569:ISBN
10556:2009
10543:ISBN
10515:ISBN
10502:2009
10489:ISBN
10461:ISBN
10439:2024
10426:ISBN
10405:ISBN
10392:2009
10379:ISBN
10353:2009
10340:ISBN
10283:ISBN
10268:2024
10255:ISBN
10240:2009
10227:ISBN
10205:2009
10192:ISBN
10166:2009
10153:ISBN
10129:2022
10116:ISBN
10098:2009
10085:ISBN
10066:2009
10053:ISBN
10025:ISBN
10012:2024
9999:ISBN
9984:2009
9971:ISBN
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