1235:
2028:
38:
413:. These paintings, especially those of the duchess, are known for their minute attention to the detail of her costume, which almost takes on a personality of its own in the image at right. Here the Duchess is pictured with her second son Giovanni, who died of malaria in 1562, along with his mother; however it is the sumptuous fabric of the dress that takes up more space on the canvas than either of the sitters. Indeed, the dress itself has been the object of some scholarly debate. The elaborate gown has been rumoured to be so beloved by the duchess that she was ultimately buried in it; when this myth was debunked, others suggested that perhaps the garment never existed at all and Bronzino invented the entire thing, perhaps working only from a fabric swatch. In any case, this picture was reproduced over and over again by Bronzino and his shop, becoming one of the most iconic images of the duchess. The version pictured here is in the
439:
1334:
1277:
1188:
1304:
227:
1265:
1152:
334:
1203:
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1319:
1349:
1135:
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383:. It was not long before he became, and remained for most of his career, the official court painter of the Duke and his court. His portrait figures – often read as static, elegant, and stylish exemplars of unemotional haughtiness and assurance – influenced the course of European court portraiture for a century. These well known paintings exist in many workshop versions and copies. In addition to images of the Florentine elite, Bronzino also painted idealized portraits of the
218:, the leading Florentine painter of the first generation of Mannerism, and his style was greatly influenced by him, but his elegant and somewhat elongated figures always appear calm and somewhat reserved, lacking the agitation and emotion of those by his teacher. They have often been found cold and artificial, and his reputation suffered from the general critical disfavour attached to Mannerism in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Recent decades have been more appreciative of his art.
1364:
1491:
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426:, are less typical but possibly even more fascinating owing to the peculiarity of placing a publicly recognized personality in the nude as a mythical figure. Finally, in addition to being a painter, Bronzino was also a poet, and his most personal portraits are perhaps those of other literary figures such as that of his friend the poet
1234:
1859:
211:, c. 1544–45, now in London. Many portraits of the Medicis exist in several versions with varying degrees of participation by Bronzino himself, as Cosimo was a pioneer of the copied portrait sent as a diplomatic gift.
1827:
467:) in this fresco cycle, and his religious works are examples of the mid-16th-century aesthetics of the Florentine court – traditionally interpreted as highly stylized and non-personal or emotive.
1333:
463:
for the chapel. Before this commission, his style in the religious genre was less
Mannerist, and was based in balanced compositions of the High Renaissance. Yet he became elegant and classicizing (cf.
473:
is typical of
Bronzino's approach at this time, though it should not be claimed that Bronzino or the court was lacking in religious fervour on the basis of the preferred court fashion. Indeed, the
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991:
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430:. The eroticized nature of these virile nude male portraits, as well as homoerotic references in his poetry, have led scholars to believe that Bronzino was homosexual.
1795:, exh. cat. ed. by Carmen C. Bambach, contr. by Elizabeth Pilliod, Marzia Faietti, Janet Cox-Rearick, Philippe Costamagna, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
1134:
1202:
977:
1172:
326:
was his favourite pupil, and
Bronzino was living in the Allori family house at the time of his death in Florence in 1572 (Alessandro was also the father of
205:. He was mainly a portraitist but also painted many religious subjects, and a few allegorical subjects, which include what is probably his best-known work,
312:, two were said by Vasari to have been painted by Bronzino. His style is so similar to his master's that scholars still debate the specific attributions.
2027:
37:
2091:
371:
Bronzino first received Medici patronage in 1539, when he was one of the many artists chosen to execute the elaborate decorations for the wedding of
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1951:
709:
1622:, Catalog of an exhibition held at Art Gallery of the Graduate Center, City University of New York, Mar. 10–Apr. 24, 2004, (King Studio, 2004)
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1219:
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1991:
1318:
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280:, and the two were to remain collaborators for most of the former's life. An early example of Bronzino's hand has often been detected in the
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Bronzino's work tends to include sophisticated references to earlier painters, as in one of his last grand frescoes called
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1983:
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406:
1620:
Splendors of the
Renaissance: reconstructions of historic costumes from King Studio, Italy by Fausto Fornasori
2110:
2007:
1967:
1864:
1119:
839:
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338:
304:. Bronzino apparently was assigned the frescoes on the dome, which have not survived. Of the four empanelled
488:(San Lorenzo, 1569), in which almost every one of the extraordinarily contorted poses can be traced back to
2118:
1935:
1588:
Web
Gallery of Art, image collection, virtual museum, searchable database of European fine arts (1100–1850)
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231:
207:
2015:
877:
984:
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1912:
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449:
In 1540/41, Bronzino began work on the fresco decoration of the Chapel of
Eleanora di Toledo in the
731:
644:
528:
269:
1869:, a collection catalog containing information about the artist and his works (see pages: 200–204).
1672:"Bronzino (Agnolo di Cosimo di Mariano) | Portrait of a Young Man, Possibly Pierino da Vinci"
2222:
2059:
1158:
698:
391:
300:
315:
Towards the end of his life, Bronzino took a prominent part in the activities of the
Florentine
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1715:
1475:
201:
He lived all his life in
Florence, and from his late 30s was kept busy as the court painter of
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520:
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360:
2192:
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676:
68:
8:
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1163:
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401:
Bronzino's best-known works comprise the aforementioned series of the duke and duchess,
1809:, exh. cat. ed. by Antonio Natali e Carlo Falciani, Palazzo Strozzi, Florence 2010–11.
577:
376:
527:
Many of
Bronzino's works are still in Florence but other examples can be found in the
292:
in
Florence. Pontormo designed the interior and executed the altarpiece, the masterly
1880:
1841:
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1525:
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Bronzino's so-called "allegorical portraits", such as that of a Genoese admiral,
1836:
133:
2144:
414:
285:
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2181:
1855:
1018:
289:
258:, to whom he was apprenticed at 14. Pontormo is thought to have introduced a
1749:
1745:
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1707:
1501:
1482:
493:
1425:
Mistaken attempts also have been made in the past to assert his name was
409:, and figures of their court such as Bartolomeo Panciatichi and his wife
158:; 17 November 1503 – 23 November 1572), usually known as
515:
460:
309:
539:
2154:
507:
191:
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116:
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of Bronzino as a child (seated on a step) into one of his series on
2165:
662:
556:
511:
395:
276:. Pontormo exercised a dominant influence on Bronzino's developing
259:
255:
243:
215:
187:
180:
106:
64:
20:
1600:
The Sixteenth Century Italian Schools, National Gallery Catalogues
823:
Oil on panel, 76,5 x 59 cm, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid.
715:
Oil on wood, 96 x 75 cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
1093:
Oil on wood, 350 x 235 cm, Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence
496:, whom Bronzino idolized (cf. Brock). Bronzino's skill with the
489:
474:
1587:
759:
Oil on panel, 268 x 173 cm, Musée des Beaux- Arts, Besançon
1067:
1044:
680:
648:
632:
595:
478:
343:
273:
247:
330:). Bronzino spent the greater part of his career in Florence.
1576:
Pontormo, Bronzino, and Allori: A Genealogy of Florentine Art
1071:
581:
387:
616:
Oil on panel, 76,7 x 65,4 cm, Royal Collection, Windsor
1872:
1648:(Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
888:
870:
497:
384:
1686:"Morgante: Depictions of a Renaissance Jester Turned Duke"
514:. His other major works include the design of a series of
1055:
Oil on canvas, 83 x 60 cm, Palazzo Vecchio, Florence
198:, may refer to his relatively dark skin or reddish hair.
1635:(Paris: Flammarion; London: Thames & Hudson, 2002).
1282:
Sacra famiglia Panciatichi or Madonna Panciatichi, 1545
661:
Oil on wood, 65,3 x 46,7 cm, Museum of Fine Arts,
500:
was even more enigmatically deployed in the celebrated
477:
Eleanora was a generous patron to the recently founded
1551:
Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures
997:
Tempera on wood, 58.5 x 41.5 cm, Uffizi, Florence
443:
The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist
246:, the son of a butcher. According to his contemporary
567:
Oil on Wood, Capponi Chapel, Santa Felicita, Florence
433:
1740:
Portrait of Eleonora di Toledo with her son Giovanni
1659:
Bronzino's Chapel of Eleonora in the Palazzo Vecchio
1497:
Portrait of Eleonora di Toledo with her son Giovanni
1008:
Tempera on wood, 52.5 x 38 cm, Uffizi, Florence
783:
Fresco, 320 x 490 cm, Palazzo Vecchio, Florence
1043:Tempera on wood, 117 x 99 cm, Pushkin Museum,
803:
Tempera on panel, 63 x 48 cm, Uffizi, Florence
693:
Tempera on wood, 104 x 84 cm, Uffizi, Florence
1548:Haggerty, George; Zimmerman, Bonnie, eds. (2003).
856:Oil on panel, 101 x 82.8 cm, Uffizi, Florence
2092:Holy Family with St. Anne and the Infant St. John
1661:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993).
1547:
1241:Holy Family with St. Anne and the Infant St. John
1027:, 1552, Florence, Museo dell'Opera di Santa Croce
1017:Oil on wood, 117 x 86 cm, Frick Collection,
2179:
1084:Oil on copper, 40 x 30 cm, Uffizi, Florence
845:Oil on panel, 115 x 96 cm, Uffizi, Florence
814:Oil on panel, 74 x 58 cm, Uffizi, Florence
792:Oil on wood, 58 x 46,5 cm, Uffizi, Florence
1837:Agnolo Bronzino's Biography, Style and Artworks
1807:Bronzino: pittore e poeta alla corte dei Medici
704:Oil on wood, 117 x 93 cm, Uffizi, Florence
417:, and is one of the finest surviving examples.
834:Oil on wood, 58 x 46 cm, Uffizi, Florence
1888:
1578:(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001).
555:Oil on Wood, Capponi Chapel, Santa Felicita,
319:, of which he was a founding member in 1563.
1543:
1541:
1270:Portrait of a Man Holding a Statuette, 1545
1992:Portrait of Giovanni de' Medici as a Child
1928:Portrait of a Young Man as Saint Sebastian
1895:
1881:
1340:Portrait of Cosimo I de' Medici as Orpheus
829:Portrait of Giovanni de' Medici as a Child
203:Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
1730:
1692:
1538:
1524:. Oxford University Press. p. 306.
1521:The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists
1517:
1145:, 1533, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid
538:
437:
359:
332:
225:
1860:"Of Art and Onions: Homage to Bronzino"
2180:
1310:Portrait Cosimo I de' Medici in armour
1194:A portrait of an unknown woman and boy
367:, c. 1550–55, London, National Gallery
339:Eleonora di Toledo col figlio Giovanni
1876:
1842:The National Gallery: Agnolo Bronzino
1646:Bronzino: Renaissance Painter as Poet
768:Oil on panel, 34,90 x 26,20 cm,
170:
153:
16:Italian Mannerist painter (1503–1572)
1866:Italian Paintings: Florentine School
1984:Portrait of the Dwarf Nano Morgante
1952:Portrait of a Young Man with a Book
1944:Portrait of Andrea Doria as Neptune
1032:Portrait of the Dwarf Nano Morgante
983:Oil on wood, 106,7 x 82,5 cm,
947:Portrait of Andrea Doria as Neptune
710:Portrait of a Young Man with a Book
643:Oil on wood, 124.5 x 99.5 cm,
506:, which conveys strong feelings of
423:Portrait of Andrea Doria as Neptune
13:
1960:Portrait of Bartolomeo Panciatichi
1772:
1210:Portrait of Bartolomeo Panciatichi
1066:Oil on canvas, 291 x 195 cm,
992:Portrait of Francesco I de' Medici
923:PortraIt of a Young Man (possibly
688:Portrait of Bartolomeo Panciatichi
510:under the pretext of a moralizing
434:Religious and allegorical subjects
308:or roundels depicting each of the
14:
2239:
1821:
1782:, Edition du Régard, Paris 2002.
1592:
952:Oil on canvas, 115 x 53 cm,
896:Portrait of Don Garcia de' Medici
865:Oil on panel, 145 x 115 cm,
730:Oil on panel, 146 x 116 cm,
594:Oil on panel, 105 x 100 cm,
534:
2026:
2000:Portrait of Lucrezia Panciatichi
1489:
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1218:
1201:
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1171:
1150:
1133:
1118:
937:Oil on wood, 192 x 142 cm,
885:Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica
883:Oil on panel, 125 x 95 cm,
851:Portrait of Lucrezia Panciatichi
675:Oil on panel, 102 x 85 cm,
317:Accademia delle Arti del Disegno
250:, Bronzino was a pupil first of
132:
36:
1976:Portrait of Cosimo I de' Medici
1678:
1664:
1651:
967:Oil on wood, 120 x 92 cm,
914:Oil on wood, 109 x 85 cm,
819:Portrait of Cosimo I de' Medici
809:Portrait of Cosimo I de' Medici
627:Oil on panel, 87 x 77 cm,
1638:
1625:
1612:
1581:
1568:
1511:
1419:
1179:Portrait of Eleonora of Toledo
1:
2228:16th century in LGBTQ history
2198:16th-century Italian painters
2076:Adoration of the Bronze Snake
2008:Portrait of Eleanor of Toledo
1847:Biography Angolo Bronzino at
1407:
840:Portrait of Eleanor of Toledo
739:Adoration of the Bronze Snake
486:The Martyrdom of St. Lawrence
43:
2119:Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
1936:Portrait of Ugolino Martelli
1902:
1226:Portrait of Laura Battiferri
1051:Portrait of Laura Battiferri
1013:Portrait of Ludovico Capponi
1003:Portrait of Maria de' Medici
721:Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
670:Portrait of Ugolino Martelli
503:Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
355:
232:Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
208:Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
7:
2016:Portrait of Stefano Colonna
1295:Portrait of Stefano Colonna
878:Portrait of Stefano Colonna
744:Fresco, 320 x 385 cm,
612:Portrait of a Lady in Green
524:, for the Palazzo Vecchio.
155:[ˈaɲɲolodiˈkɔːzimo]
10:
2244:
2213:Italian Mannerist painters
2052:Adoration of the Shepherds
1968:Portrait of Bia de' Medici
1854:Palazzo Strozzi, Florence/
1256:Portrait of Bia de' Medici
985:National Gallery of Canada
798:Portrait of Bia de' Medici
656:Adoration of the Shepherds
18:
2218:Italian portrait painters
2137:
2102:
2035:
2024:
1919:
1910:
1488:
1469:
1460:
1455:
1099:Martyrdom of St. Lawrence
933:Venus, Cupid and Jealousy
572:Portrait of Lorenzo Lenzi
295:Deposition from the Cross
140:
131:
126:
122:
112:
102:
94:
75:
53:
35:
28:
1849:Encyclopaedia Britannica
1793:The Drawings of Bronzino
1554:. Garland. p. 225.
788:Portrait of a Young Girl
732:National Gallery, London
645:Kunsthistorisches Museum
629:Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza
529:National Gallery, London
342:, 1544–45, oil on wood,
298:and the sidewall fresco
19:Not to be confused with
2068:Crossing of the Red Sea
2060:Panciatichi Holy Family
1399:Alessandro de' Medici,
1159:Andrea Doria as Neptune
778:Crossing of the Red Sea
365:Portrait of a Young Man
350:
221:
172:[ilbronˈdziːno]
2208:Painters from Florence
1702:The Mannerist Portrait
1518:Chilvers, Ian (2017).
1478:The Mannerist Portrait
546:
446:
368:
347:
239:
235:, c. 1544–45, London,
167:
42:Portrait of Bronzino,
2203:Italian male painters
2127:Allegory of Happiness
1355:Venus, Cupid and Envy
1079:Allegory of Happiness
935:(or Envy) (c. 1550) –
542:
441:
363:
336:
252:Raffaellino del Garbo
242:Bronzino was born in
229:
2150:Cappella di Eleonora
2084:Deposition of Christ
1089:Deposition of Christ
962:St. John the Baptist
939:Szépművészeti Múzeum
867:Musée des Beaux-Arts
764:Alessandro de Médici
754:Deposition of Christ
470:Crossing the Red Sea
456:Deposition of Christ
453:and an oil on panel
445:(Madonna Stroganoff)
69:Republic of Florence
2160:Cosimo I de' Medici
1803:, 978-0-300-15512-9
1756:on October 22, 2014
1657:Janet Cox-Rearick,
1618:Janet Cox-Rearick,
1574:Elizabeth Pilliod,
1384:Garcia de' Medici,
1164:Pinacoteca di Brera
978:Pierantonio Bandini
954:Pinacoteca di Brera
861:Christ on the Cross
607:Oil on panel, Milan
521:The Story of Joseph
373:Cosimo I de' Medici
2111:Flaying of Marsyas
1718:on October 7, 2014
910:Portrait of a Lady
578:castello Sforzesco
547:
447:
379:, daughter of the
377:Eleonora di Toledo
369:
348:
240:
2175:
2174:
1815:978-88-7461-153-9
1801:978-1-58839-354-8
1644:Deborah, Parker,
1602:, (London 1975),
1531:978-0-19-102417-7
1507:
1506:
1109:
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1074:
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969:Galleria Borghese
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603:Portrait of Dante
599:
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531:, and elsewhere.
390:(c. 1530, now in
381:Viceroy of Naples
328:Cristofano Allori
324:Alessandro Allori
284:in the church of
144:
143:
88:Duchy of Florence
79:November 23, 1572
2235:
2030:
1947:(c. 1530s–1540s)
1897:
1890:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1752:. Archived from
1734:
1728:
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1714:. Archived from
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1515:
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1465:
1453:
1452:
1442:
1423:
1396:
1381:
1370:John the Baptist
1366:
1351:
1336:
1325:Ugolino Martelli
1321:
1306:
1291:
1279:
1267:
1252:
1237:
1222:
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1175:
1154:
1137:
1122:
1103:
1092:
1083:
1065:
1054:
1042:
1016:
1007:
996:
982:
981:(c. 1550–1555) –
966:
951:
936:
925:Pierino da Vinci
916:Galleria Sabauda
913:
900:
882:
864:
855:
844:
833:
822:
813:
802:
791:
782:
767:
758:
743:
729:
714:
703:
692:
674:
660:
642:
626:
615:
606:
593:
575:
566:
554:
544:Lodovico Capponi
428:Laura Battiferri
392:Washington, D.C.
270:National Gallery
237:National Gallery
214:He trained with
174:
157:
152:
147:Agnolo di Cosimo
136:
82:
61:17 November 1503
58:Agnolo di Cosimo
48:
45:
40:
26:
25:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2133:
2098:
2031:
2022:
1915:
1906:
1901:
1830:artist and poet
1824:
1778:Maurice Brock,
1775:
1773:Further reading
1770:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1721:
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1698:
1697:
1693:
1684:
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1643:
1639:
1631:Maurice Brock,
1630:
1626:
1617:
1613:
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1593:
1586:
1582:
1573:
1569:
1562:
1546:
1539:
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1516:
1512:
1490:
1471:
1456:External videos
1446:
1445:
1424:
1420:
1410:
1403:
1401:Cerralbo Museum
1397:
1388:
1382:
1373:
1367:
1358:
1352:
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1337:
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1313:
1307:
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1292:
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1271:
1268:
1259:
1253:
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1238:
1229:
1223:
1214:
1206:
1197:
1191:
1182:
1176:
1167:
1155:
1146:
1142:Saint Sebastian
1138:
1129:
1123:
1068:Musée du Louvre
1061:Noli me tangere
1025:Christ in Limbo
903:Museo del Prado
770:Cerralbo Museum
746:Palazzo Vecchio
673:(before 1537) –
537:
451:Palazzo Vecchio
436:
358:
353:
265:Joseph in Egypt
224:
177:Agnolo Bronzino
150:
90:
84:
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415:Uffizi Gallery
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286:Santa Felicita
282:Capponi Chapel
254:, and then of
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1832:. InToscana.
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1792:
1779:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:the original
1750:Khan Academy
1746:Smarthistory
1739:
1738:"Bronzino's
1732:
1720:. Retrieved
1716:the original
1712:Khan Academy
1708:Smarthistory
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1357:, c. 1548–50
1354:
1342:, c. 1537–39
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742:(1540–45) –
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728:; 1540–45) –
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81:(1572-11-23)
2193:1572 deaths
2188:1503 births
2079:(1540–1545)
2055:(1539–1540)
1939:(1536–1537)
1495:Bronzino's
1427:Agnolo Tori
1162:, 1550–55,
1106:San Lorenzo
1039:Holy Family
912:(c. 1550) –
863:(c. 1545) –
854:(c. 1545) –
843:(c. 1545) –
832:(c. 1545) –
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790:(1541–45) –
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757:(1540–45) –
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702:(c. 1540) –
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691:(c. 1540) –
641:(1534–40) –
639:Holy Family
625:(c. 1533) –
614:(1530–32) –
592:(c. 1530) –
574:(1527–28) –
565:(c. 1525) –
563:St. Matthew
553:(c. 1525) –
310:evangelists
268:now in the
168:Il Bronzino
95:Nationality
2182:Categories
1828:Bronzino:
1760:January 6,
1722:January 6,
1408:References
1108:, Florence
941:, Budapest
748:, Florence
598:, Florence
516:tapestries
461:altarpiece
346:, Florence
86:Florence,
2168:(teacher)
2155:Mannerism
2122:(c. 1545)
2114:(c. 1531)
2036:Religious
2019:(c. 1546)
2011:(c. 1545)
2003:(c. 1545)
1995:(c. 1545)
1971:(c. 1542)
1963:(c. 1540)
1955:(c. 1540)
1931:(c. 1533)
1920:Portraits
1449:Citations
1429:and even
1413:Footnotes
1327:, c. 1537
1312:, c. 1545
1228:, 1555–60
1213:, c. 1540
1196:, c. 1540
1181:, c. 1539
1015:(1551) –
929:(c. 1550)
772:, Madrid.
508:eroticism
459:to be an
356:Portraits
192:sobriquet
184:Mannerist
179:, was an
127:Signature
117:Mannerism
2166:Pontormo
2162:(patron)
1904:Bronzino
1780:Bronzino
1633:Bronzino
1104:Fresco,
1102:(1569) –
1091:(1565) –
1082:(1564) –
1064:(1561) –
1019:New York
1006:(1551) –
995:(1551) –
905:, Madrid
899:(1550) –
881:(1546) –
812:(1545) –
726:Allegory
663:Budapest
605:(1530) –
557:Florence
551:St. Mark
512:allegory
411:Lucrezia
407:Eleonora
396:Petrarch
260:portrait
256:Pontormo
244:Florence
216:Pontormo
196:Bronzino
188:Florence
160:Bronzino
151:Italian:
113:Movement
107:Painting
65:Florence
30:Bronzino
21:Branzino
2138:Related
2103:Secular
1166:, Milan
956:, Milan
918:, Turin
490:Raphael
481:order.
475:duchess
288:by the
181:Italian
164:Italian
98:Italian
2130:(1567)
2087:(1545)
2071:(1542)
2063:(1541)
2047:(1529)
1987:(1552)
1979:(1545)
1813:
1799:
1786:
1606:
1558:
1528:
1439:Allori
1435:Agnolo
1431:Angelo
1372:, 1553
1297:, 1546
1258:, 1545
1243:, 1545
1128:, 1530
1045:Moscow
1035:(1552)
971:, Rome
681:Berlin
649:Vienna
633:Madrid
596:Uffizi
492:or to
479:Jesuit
403:Cosimo
394:) and
274:London
248:Vasari
190:. His
2044:Pietà
1126:Pietà
1114:Works
1072:Paris
589:Pietà
582:Milan
465:Smyth
388:Dante
385:poets
306:tondi
278:style
175:) or
1811:ISBN
1797:ISBN
1784:ISBN
1762:2013
1724:2013
1604:ISBN
1556:ISBN
1526:ISBN
889:Rome
871:Nice
498:nude
405:and
351:Work
222:Life
76:Died
54:Born
1858:'s
1748:at
1710:at
518:on
375:to
2184::
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1706:.
1540:^
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1896:e
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1433:(
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724:(
162:(
149:(
23:.
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