41:
778:
766:
467:. The AKC does not recognise the American Pit Bull Terrier. After being petitioned in the 1930's to recognise the breed, they relented, however; they recognised these dogs under a different name, the Staffordshire Terrier. The name was later changed to American Staffordshire Terrier, to prevent the dogs from being confused with the English Staffordshire Terriers. The American Staffordshire Terrier and the American Pit Bull Terrier were once the same breed, and many still consider them to be. Today, there are some dogs which have been duel registered as both an APBT through the UKC, and as an AmStaff through the AKC.
599:
307:
614:
290:, a modern standardised breed. The term "pit bull" is a ubiquitous term that is often misused to infer that the pit bull is a bona fide breed of dog, when it actually refers to a diverse group of dogs that may include purebred dogs of many breeds as well as dogs that are assumed to be blends of those breeds. These types of descriptors vary, depending on the recognised breeds and observers' perspectives. Despite anecdotal misinformation and incorrect visual identification, dog owners,
408:
633:
Victorian era, at which time the appearance of certain dogs were being actively altered. The early bulldogs of the 1800s were described as having a "round head, short nose, small ears and wide, muscular frame and legs." In the 1830s, the ban on bull baiting was being strictly enforced, and with it, a noticeable decline in the popularity of the original bulldogs. Breeders had already begun crossing bulldogs with terriers for clandestine pit fighting.
754:
479:-wide research study suggests the following: "In this analysis, all of the bull and terrier crosses map to the terriers of Ireland and date to 1860-1870. This coincides perfectly with the historical descriptions that, though they do not clearly identify all breeds involved, report the popularity of dog contests in Ireland and the lack of stud book veracity, hence undocumented crosses, during this era of breed creation (Lee, 1894)."
227:
424:
of old prints as evidence that the old
Bulldog, as well as the Bull-and-Terrier had the unexaggerated (in comparison with the absurd modern standards) Bulldog head, and the legs, straight and longer, of the terrier. At the same time that the new Bull-and-Terrier made its appearance, the Bulldog fanciers began breeding their animals heavier and lower to the ground, so that the Bulldog acquired a new type.
508:
387:. In the 19th century, the Walsall type was carried by immigrants to the United States, where it served as an important component for the genetic basis of the American Pit Bull Terrier breed, through specimens such as the dog Lloyd's Pilot and the Colby bloodline, strongly combined with Irish strains. The anatomy of the bull and terrier is the result of selective breeding for the purpose of
664:(CSD), a genetic condition linked to coat colour phenotypes in English bull terriers with genetic variations that go beyond coat colour. The appearance of the Bull Terrier continued to change over time, and by the 20th century its egg-shaped head had become more prominent, soon to be standardised along with the various colours that had been introduced.
275:, a name later applied to the breed James Hinks was developing in the latter half of the 19th century. There are also many paintings, texts, and engravings created during or prior to this period that labelled the bull-and-terrier only as "bull-terrier". Hinks was still developing his new bull terrier, nicknamed
217:
In the mid-1830s, when enforcement of the ban on bull baiting had begun, the popularity of the original purebred bulldogs declined, and a major shift in canine genetics was occurring. The appearance of certain dogs were being altered by crossbreeding to better suit function. Not only were appearances
181:
in the early 1800s. Other names included half-and-halfs and half-breds. It was a time in history when, for thousands of years, dogs were classified by use or function, unlike the modern pets of today that were bred to be conformation show dogs and family pets. Bull and terrier crosses were originally
533:
and other prey they are meant to corner, dig for, or attack is derived from having a quarter to an eighth of Old
English Bulldog ancestry. Other terriers that were not developed by crossing Old English Bulldogs and earth-working dogs were believed to be of inferior quality and were valued far less.
423:
In "Popular and
Illustrated Dog Encyclopaedia" (1934–35), Major Mitford Price wrote, "The original Bull Terrier, or Bull-and-Terrier, as he was then styled, bred for fighting in the pits, bore a far closer resemblance to the Bulldog of that day than to his terrier forebears: for there exists scores
331:
and terriers, the types of which depended on location. A 2016 genetic assessment verified that bulldogs were descendants of mastiffs, but it also discovered pugs in the cross. The assessment, which analysed a particular group of individual
English bulldogs, used DNA rather than pedigrees to confirm
319:
Bulldogs of the 1800s were described as having a "round head, short nose, small ears and wide, muscular frame and legs." Their temperament has been described as being more aggressive and ferocious than other dogs of the time. It is believed their ancestors may have been mastiffs of Asian descent
201:
Little is known about the pedigrees of bull and terrier crosses, or any other crosses that originated during that time. The types and styles of dogs varied geographically depending on individual preferences. Breeders in one area may have preferred a cross with a higher percentage of terrier than
632:
to produce fighting dogs that were the forebears of the modern Bull
Terrier breed. When blood sports were banned in the early 1800s, breeders continued with their clandestine dog fights in discreet venues, such as basements and warehouses. A major shift in canine genetics occurred during the
534:
There are earth-working dogs who by default and definition are called terriers because they have the ability to go to ground; however, the best earth-working and hunting terriers were regarded as the progeny of bulldogs bred to earth-working dogs (terriers), with the offspring known as
332:
that genetic diversity actually still exists. It further confirmed a substantial loss of genetic diversity in the breed resulting from a small founder population of about 68 individuals. The impact of focused selection for breeding dogs with specific physical traits created artificial
718:
and of a breed between a bull and a terrier, the best of any to attack that formidable animal, the badger. The breed of dogs of this description, has been much encourage of late, and held in great estimation, as being more staunch than the terrier, and not too powerful for the
202:
bulldog. Some early anecdotal reports indicate that bulldog to terrier was preferred over bull and terrier to bull terrier, which was likely to have resulted in at least half or more bulldog blood. The bull and terrier was never a bona fide breed; rather, it referred to a
557:, that the great object, among the various breeders of bull-and-terrier dogs for hunting vermin and rats, was to have them as nearly thorough-bred bull as possible, but at the same time preserving all the outward appearances of the terrier as to size, shape and colour.
660:. Hink's son recalled, "In short, they became the old fighting dog civilized, with all of his rough edges smoothed down without being softened; alert, active, plucky, muscular, and a real gentleman." Hink's early Bull Terriers were white which gave rise to
688:
appearing in an 1812 issue of the same magazine. Trusty was a fawn coloured bull and terrier that showed more bulldog traits than terrier, and was reputed to be undefeated, having won 104 dog fights. Trusty was purchased by
549:(or, rather, of its cross-breed ancestor): "The field fox-terrier, used for bolting the fox when gone to ground, was of this breed ." Not only is the Fox Terrier the progeny of the bull-and-terrier, but so is the
647:
to add length to the muzzle. His version was becoming a more streamlined version of the bulldog and terrier hybrid while still maintaining substance. Hink's son said that, early on, his father also used
194:. The sport of bull baiting required a dog with attributes such as tenacity and courage, a wide frame with heavy bone, and a muscular, protruding jaw. By crossing bulldogs with various terriers from
218:
of dogs changing, so was the terminology used to describe various breeds and dog types as recorded in ancient records. Such changes began casting doubts over the bulldog's earliest known ancestors.
747:, weighing approximately 26 pounds; "his most notable feat was killing 100 rats in 5 min 30 sec at the Cockpit in Tufton Street, Westminster, London, UK on 23 April 1825."
1300:
320:
because of their aggressive tendencies and strength, but the term "mastiff" was used as a general reference for large dogs. Whether or not they were crossed with
570:. From his superior courage when crossed with the Bulldog, as most vermin-terriers are, he has generally been kept for killing vermin whose bite would deter the
210:
involving different breeds, as well as dogs believed to be crosses of those breeds. Those crossbreeds or hybrids are considered the forerunner of several modern
383:
types. Phil
Drabble reported that among the various types of bull and terrier, the type from Cradley Heath was recognised as a separate breed to be named the
348:
The vast majority of dogs that people have as pets really arrived from the
Victorian era from very active breeding... There are rather few 'ancient breeds'.
248:
was once believed to be the likely ancestor of bulldogs and mastiffs, both of which came from Asia; others believed bulldogs descended only from mastiffs.
1318:
Parker, Heidi G.; Dreger, Dayna L.; Rimbault, Maud; Davis, Brian W.; Mullen, Alexandra B.; Carpintero-Ramirez, Gretchen; Ostrander, Elaine A. (2017).
652:
to create the Bull
Terrier's striking all-white coat. Others have suggested that Hinks straightened the bulldog's tendency for bowed legs by adding
2260:
553:, rat-working terriers, working black and tan terriers and most all other vermin-hunting terriers. James Rodwell described in his book titled
195:
298:
and the general public routinely use the term "pit bull" in casual and official papers as though it denotes a single, recognised breed.
456:
562:
The terrier as used for hunting is a strong useful little dog, with great endurance and courage and with nearly as good a nose as the
240:
One example of how changing terminology over the centuries has caused confusion is the ubiquitous misuse of descriptors. For example,
475:
Geneticists have been able to further refine the sparse historical aspects of breed formation, and the time of hybridisation. A 2017
1179:
1552:
1218:
1189:
1027:
898:
2099:
1257:
1320:"Genomic Analyses Reveal the Influence of Geographic Origin, Migration, and Hybridization on Modern Dog Breed Development"
2253:
643:, is credited for his role in helping to standardise the bull and terrier hybrid. Hinks introduced new blood, presumably
1479:
765:
1619:
1575:
1206:
1017:
927:
Olson, K.R.; Levy, J.K.; Norby, B.; Crandall, M.M.; Broadhurst, J.E.; Jacks, S.; Barton, R.C.; Zimmerman, M.S. (2015).
777:
857:
1512:
1489:
1484:. New York / London: Philadelphia Museum of Art and Rizzoli Libri / Tate Gallery and Thames & Hudson. p. 5.
661:
464:
690:
490:
involving different breeds, as well as dogs believed to be crosses of those breeds. By 1874, in
Britain the first
40:
2246:
2058:
1755:
440:
244:
is a common descriptor for all large dogs, which created a cloud over the earliest origins of the bulldog. The
143:
1395:
1374:
2601:
1962:
1740:
2269:
2160:
2083:
1793:
1725:
444:
384:
131:
427:
Six distinct breeds descended from the bull and terrier hybrids, five of which were recognised by the
2238:
2140:
2053:
2026:
517:
287:
251:
Over the centuries, hybrid bull and terrier crosses have been labelled with several aliases, such as
135:
1389:
1368:
2596:
2109:
363:
In
Ireland, they used the old Irish bulldog with different terriers and some insertion of hunting
2495:
2475:
2460:
2385:
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1952:
598:
2340:
2119:
2078:
1947:
1892:
1710:
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448:
306:
127:
2405:
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2168:
2145:
1991:
1912:
1897:
1852:
1542:
1412:
629:
333:
1670:
529:
Some believe that the courage of most terriers, both past and present, to bear the bites of
2455:
1902:
1735:
728:
In 1822, Pierce Egan, a sporting event commentator of the 1820s, first introduced the name
606:
574:
or the Beagle, but would only render the terrier more determined in his pursuit of them. ~
522:
452:
428:
8:
2565:
2555:
2470:
2465:
2365:
2345:
2295:
1957:
1831:
1705:
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328:
174:
92:
88:
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1319:
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460:
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1788:
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1485:
1349:
1214:
1185:
1126:
1023:
958:
950:
904:
894:
681:
1478:
Ormond, Richard; Rishel, Joseph; Hamlyn, Robin (1981). Iandola Watkins, Jane (ed.).
1043:
613:
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2440:
2400:
2380:
1937:
1932:
1907:
1765:
1695:
1655:
1495:
1339:
1331:
1240:
1116:
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575:
550:
407:
327:
It is assumed that bull and terrier hybrids were crossed with several varieties of
83:
2505:
2490:
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2445:
2395:
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2183:
2150:
2114:
1981:
1922:
1917:
1857:
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1803:
1720:
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1462:
1335:
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416:
291:
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2415:
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2016:
2011:
1665:
945:
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702:
436:
211:
139:
76:
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1111:
2585:
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1887:
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191:
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1130:
962:
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187:
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20:
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and presented to Jem Belcher, a champion prize fighter of England. Unlike
2550:
2360:
2215:
2207:
2104:
2021:
1996:
1927:
1685:
1069:
636:
546:
396:
111:
2330:
2223:
740:(1838), presumed to be a bull terrier owned by the villain Bill Sykes.
640:
364:
170:
2268:
2520:
2355:
2320:
1986:
1818:
1798:
732:(not to be confused to the 1880s Hinks' Bull Terrier). Subsequently,
657:
619:
495:
487:
207:
107:
929:"Inconsistent identification of pit bull-type dogs by shelter staff"
2540:
2219:
2203:
1775:
1628:
701:
appeared to have more terrier traits than bulldog and was used for
1093:
Pedersen, Niels C.; Pooch, Ashley S.; Liu, Hongwei (2 June 2021).
226:
198:, breeders introduced "gameness and agility" into the hybrid mix.
2001:
1282:
799:
644:
571:
530:
459:(FCI). The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is recognised by the
388:
376:
372:
368:
241:
178:
96:
2410:
2285:
1211:
The American Pit Bull Terrier (History of Fighting Dogs Series)
858:"Bull Terrier History: Behind the Breed – American Kennel Club"
720:
563:
476:
245:
507:
2545:
2485:
2425:
823:
The Field Book: Or, Sports and Pastimes of the United Kingdom
324:
to make them better at bull baiting remains controversial.
286:
was sometimes applied, though later applied when naming the
1597:
1547:. Kennel Club Classics. Fox Chapel Publishing. p. 19.
715:
321:
279:, which he presented at the Birmingham show in May 1862.
676:, two illustrations of prize fighting dogs. The first was
499:
was published, which included Bull Terriers and Bulldogs.
2350:
1972:
1317:
1088:
1086:
711:
1417:(in Italian). Rogerson & Tuxford. 1812. p. 97
1083:
926:
1452:
House Dogs and Sporting Dogs, Their Variety ...
65:
Half-and-half, fighting bull terrier, bull-terrier,
1536:
1534:
628:In the 19th century, breeders crossed Bulldogs and
451:. All five breeds have also been recognised by the
2270:Extinct dog breeds, varieties, landraces and types
1477:
1394:. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Horace Cox. p.
1373:. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Horace Cox. p.
1044:"Breed Standards : American Pit Bull Terrier"
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
1019:The Bull Terrier: A Complete Anthology of the Dog
482:It also confirms that the bull and terrier was a
2583:
1531:
1159:. Los Angeles: Borden Publishing Co. p. 669
1092:
969:
893:. Freehold, NJ: Kennel Club Books. p. 18.
1507:
1505:
710:"DUSTMAN is a celebrated dog, the property of
2254:
1613:
1249:
1245:The Dog, in Health and Disease, by Stonehenge
1095:"A genetic assessment of the English bulldog"
884:
882:
880:
878:
851:
580:The Dog, in Health and Disease, by Stonehenge
1036:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
190:, and other popular blood sports during the
1502:
817:
815:
743:Another notable bull and terrier was named
667:
555:The Rat: Its History and Destructive Nature
521:. Circa 1837. An Old English Bulldog and a
375:, there were several varieties such as the
2261:
2247:
1620:
1606:
1407:
1405:
1311:
875:
672:Author David Harris describes in his book
39:
1343:
1293:
1120:
1110:
944:
828:
624:by Edward Winslow Martin. New York, 1868.
47:A bull-and-terrier and a white bulldog, (
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
812:
612:
597:
506:
406:
305:
225:
1434:
1432:
1402:
1150:
2584:
1540:
1387:
1366:
1275:
1255:
1177:
888:
182:bred to function as fighting dogs for
2242:
2100:English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan)
1601:
1227:
1204:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
855:
457:Fédération cynologique internationale
45:Philippe Rousseau's "Best of Friends"
2366:Dumfriesshire Black and Tan Foxhound
1467:All the Year Round: A Weekly Journal
1429:
1155:. In Vesey-Fitzgerald, Brian (ed.).
922:
920:
918:
1568:
1070:"Breed History – The Real Pit Bull"
992:"The (de-)evolution of the bulldog"
13:
1205:Colby, Joseph L. (29 March 2011).
1137:
1062:
821:Maxwell, William Hamilton (1833).
14:
2618:
915:
662:congenital sensorineural deafness
465:American Dog Breeders Association
1099:Canine Genetics and Epidemiology
856:Flaim, Denise (8 October 2020).
776:
764:
752:
691:Thomas Pitt, 2nd Baron Camelford
358:—Krishna Veeramah, B.Sc., Ph.D.
1471:
1456:
1444:
1440:The Illustrated Natural History
1381:
1360:
1198:
1171:
587:
486:group of dogs that may include
470:
206:group of dogs that may include
2059:American Staffordshire Terrier
1756:Villanuco de Las Encartaciones
1513:"Bull Terrier - Breeds A to Z"
1178:Harris, David (24 July 2012).
1167:– via Stafford Exchange.
1010:
738:The Adventures of Oliver Twist
680:appearing in an 1806 issue of
441:American Staffordshire Terrier
431:(AKC) in the following order:
402:
221:
144:American Staffordshire Terrier
1:
1184:. i5 Publishing. p. 22.
805:
231:
48:
1627:
1336:10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.079
1256:Waters, Nick (13 May 2021).
1153:"Staffordshire Bull Terrier"
271:. The most popular name was
7:
1963:West Highland White Terrier
1741:Soft-coated Wheaten Terrier
1301:"American Pit Bull Terrier"
788:
10:
2623:
2084:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
1726:Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz
1580:Fastest canine rat catcher
946:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.019
603:Fighting Dogs Getting Wind
591:
513:Bulldog and scotch terrier
502:
445:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
385:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
301:
132:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
18:
2276:
2192:
2159:
2141:American Hairless Terrier
2133:
2092:
2054:American Pit Bull Terrier
2039:
2027:Treeing Tennessee Brindle
1971:
1870:
1845:
1817:
1774:
1651:
1644:
1635:
1112:10.1186/s40575-016-0036-y
542:dogs, among other names.
518:Alexandre Gabriel Decamps
288:American Pit Bull Terrier
196:Ireland and Great Britain
150:
136:American Pit Bull Terrier
118:
102:
82:
72:
59:
38:
33:
1576:"Guinness World Records"
1048:United Kennel Club (UKC)
1022:. Read Books Ltd. 2013.
668:Famous bull and terriers
545:Walsh also wrote of the
230:Charlie Lloyd and Pilot
19:Not to be confused with
2476:Old Welsh Grey Sheepdog
2461:Old Croatian Sighthound
2386:Grand Fauve de Bretagne
1953:Teddy Roosevelt Terrier
1258:"Before the Roman Nose"
2496:Saint John's water dog
2120:Toy Manchester Terrier
2079:Miniature Bull Terrier
1948:Sporting Lucas Terrier
1893:Dandie Dinmont Terrier
1794:Danish–Swedish Farmdog
1711:Parson Russell Terrier
1388:Pearce, Frank (1874).
1367:Pearce, Frank (1874).
1151:Drabble, Phil (1948).
933:The Veterinary Journal
889:Harris, David (2008).
725:
630:English White Terriers
625:
610:
584:
526:
449:Miniature Bull Terrier
420:
360:
316:
237:
169:was a common name for
128:Miniature Bull Terrier
2376:English White Terrier
2371:English Water Spaniel
2306:Black and Tan Terrier
2179:English White Terrier
2169:Black and Tan Terrier
2146:Russian Black Terrier
1992:Catahoula Leopard Dog
1913:Miniature Fox Terrier
1898:Glen of Imaal Terrier
1853:Black Russian Terrier
1391:Kennel Club Stud Book
1370:Kennel Club Stud Book
708:
684:, and the second was
616:
601:
560:
510:
410:
339:
309:
229:
2456:North Country Beagle
2341:CĂłrdoba fighting dog
2281:African hairless dog
1903:Jack Russell Terrier
862:American Kennel Club
607:Edwin Henry Landseer
453:Canadian Kennel Club
429:American Kennel Club
106:Not recognised as a
2602:Dog fighting breeds
2566:Tweed Water Spaniel
2556:Toy Trawler Spaniel
2471:Old Spanish Pointer
2466:Old English Bulldog
2346:Cumberland Sheepdog
2296:Argentine polar dog
1958:Tenterfield Terrier
1832:Miniature Schnauzer
1706:Old English Terrier
1541:Harris, D. (2012).
1157:The Book of the Dog
998:. 25 September 2017
656:blood, or possibly
639:, a dog breeder in
334:genetic bottlenecks
212:standardised breeds
93:Old English Terrier
89:Old English Bulldog
16:Mixed breed of dogs
2421:Lapponian Shepherd
2406:King's White Hound
2200:Bull-type terriers
1878:Australian Terrier
1837:Standard Schnauzer
1809:Miniature Pinscher
1746:Terrier Brasileiro
1736:Smooth Fox Terrier
1716:Patterdale Terrier
1701:Manchester Terrier
1691:Kerry Blue Terrier
1671:Ca Rater MallorquĂ
1661:Bedlington Terrier
1481:Sir Edwin Landseer
1213:. Read Books Ltd.
736:was introduced in
626:
611:
527:
461:United Kennel Club
421:
411:Bull and terriers
317:
310:Bull and terrier,
238:
2579:
2578:
2311:Blue Paul Terrier
2236:
2235:
2174:Blue Paul Terrier
2125:Yorkshire Terrier
2035:
2034:
1866:
1865:
1789:Austrian Pinscher
1751:Valencian Terrier
1731:Ratonero Murciano
1554:978-1-62187-032-6
1414:Sporting Magazine
1241:Walsh, John Henry
1220:978-1-4465-4887-5
1207:"Colby's Pincher"
1191:978-1-62187-032-6
1029:978-1-4474-9182-8
900:978-1-59378-664-9
682:Sporting Magazine
525:bull and terrier.
164:
163:
2614:
2526:Tahltan Bear Dog
2441:Moscow Water Dog
2401:Hawaiian Poi Dog
2381:Fila da Terceira
2263:
2256:
2249:
2240:
2239:
2069:Bull and terrier
2041:Bull-type breeds
1938:Sealyham Terrier
1933:Scottish Terrier
1908:Japanese Terrier
1766:Wire Fox Terrier
1696:Lakeland Terrier
1656:Airedale Terrier
1649:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1622:
1615:
1608:
1599:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1544:The Bully Breeds
1538:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1496:Internet Archive
1475:
1469:
1463:Dickens, Charles
1460:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1347:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1253:
1247:
1238:
1225:
1224:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1181:The Bully Breeds
1175:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1148:
1135:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1090:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1003:
988:
967:
966:
948:
924:
913:
912:
886:
873:
872:
870:
868:
853:
826:
819:
780:
768:
756:
674:The Bully Breeds
576:John Henry Walsh
551:Airedale Terrier
357:
351:
347:
344:
284:pit bull terrier
236:
233:
167:Bull and terrier
159:
153:
84:Foundation stock
62:
53:
50:
43:
34:Bull and terrier
31:
30:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2597:Dog crossbreeds
2582:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2506:Salish Wool Dog
2491:Russian tracker
2481:Paisley Terrier
2446:Norfolk Spaniel
2396:Hare Indian Dog
2301:Belgian Mastiff
2272:
2267:
2237:
2232:
2228:Working terrier
2188:
2184:Paisley Terrier
2155:
2151:Tibetan Terrier
2129:
2115:Toy Fox Terrier
2088:
2031:
1982:Black Mouth Cur
1967:
1923:Norwich Terrier
1918:Norfolk Terrier
1862:
1858:Dutch Smoushond
1841:
1827:Giant Schnauzer
1813:
1804:German Pinscher
1770:
1721:Plummer Terrier
1676:Chilean Terrier
1631:
1626:
1596:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1582:. 13 April 1825
1574:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1539:
1532:
1522:
1520:
1517:The Kennel Club
1511:
1510:
1503:
1492:
1476:
1472:
1461:
1457:
1450:Meyrick, John.
1449:
1445:
1437:
1430:
1420:
1418:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1386:
1382:
1365:
1361:
1316:
1312:
1307:. 12 July 2018.
1299:
1298:
1294:
1283:"Breed History"
1281:
1280:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1254:
1250:
1239:
1228:
1221:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1176:
1172:
1162:
1160:
1149:
1138:
1091:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1001:
999:
990:
989:
970:
925:
916:
901:
887:
876:
866:
864:
854:
829:
820:
813:
808:
791:
784:
781:
772:
769:
760:
757:
726:
670:
618:A Dog Fight at
596:
590:
585:
505:
473:
417:Abraham Hondius
405:
361:
355:
353:
349:
345:
342:
314:
304:
292:animal shelters
265:bulldog terrier
234:
224:
155:
151:
122:Progenitor of:
95:
91:
60:
55:
51:
46:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2620:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:Southern Hound
2513:
2508:
2503:
2501:Sakhalin Husky
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2291:Alpine Mastiff
2288:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2243:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2165:
2163:
2161:Extinct breeds
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2064:Boston Terrier
2061:
2056:
2051:
2049:American Bully
2045:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2017:Stephens Stock
2014:
2012:Mountain Feist
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1978:
1976:
1975:hunting breeds
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1666:Border Terrier
1663:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1639:
1637:Working breeds
1633:
1632:
1625:
1624:
1617:
1610:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1567:
1553:
1530:
1519:. 1 March 2011
1501:
1490:
1470:
1455:
1443:
1428:
1401:
1380:
1359:
1330:(4): 697–708.
1310:
1292:
1274:
1248:
1226:
1219:
1197:
1190:
1170:
1136:
1082:
1061:
1035:
1028:
1009:
968:
939:(2): 197–202.
914:
899:
874:
827:
810:
809:
807:
804:
803:
802:
797:
790:
787:
786:
785:
782:
775:
773:
770:
763:
761:
758:
751:
707:
703:badger-baiting
669:
666:
592:Main article:
589:
586:
559:
504:
501:
472:
469:
437:Boston Terrier
404:
401:
340:
338:
303:
300:
277:White Cavalier
223:
220:
162:
161:
148:
147:
140:Dogo Argentino
120:
116:
115:
104:
100:
99:
86:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
63:
57:
56:
44:
36:
35:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2619:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2572:
2571:Welsh Hillman
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:Marquesan Dog
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Chiribaya Dog
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2326:Bullenbeisser
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2259:
2257:
2252:
2250:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2212:Fell Terriers
2209:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:Miscellaneous
2132:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:Silky Terrier
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1888:Cesky Terrier
1886:
1884:
1883:Cairn Terrier
1881:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1784:Affenpinscher
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:Welsh Terrier
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1681:Irish Terrier
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1556:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1537:
1535:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1506:
1497:
1493:
1491:0-8478-0390-2
1487:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1433:
1416:
1415:
1408:
1406:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1222:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1193:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1174:
1158:
1154:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1089:
1087:
1071:
1065:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1031:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1013:
997:
993:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
975:
973:
964:
960:
956:
952:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
923:
921:
919:
910:
906:
902:
896:
892:
885:
883:
881:
879:
863:
859:
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
824:
818:
816:
811:
801:
798:
796:
793:
792:
779:
774:
767:
762:
755:
750:
749:
748:
746:
741:
739:
735:
731:
724:
722:
717:
713:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
687:
683:
679:
675:
665:
663:
659:
655:
651:
646:
642:
638:
634:
631:
623:
621:
615:
608:
604:
600:
595:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
558:
556:
552:
548:
543:
541:
537:
536:bull-terriers
532:
524:
520:
519:
514:
509:
500:
498:
497:
494:
489:
485:
484:heterogeneous
480:
478:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
425:
418:
414:
409:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
381:Cradley Heath
378:
374:
370:
366:
359:
352:
337:
335:
330:
325:
323:
315:(Paris, 1863)
313:
308:
299:
297:
296:veterinarians
293:
289:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:half-and-half
249:
247:
243:
228:
219:
215:
213:
209:
205:
204:heterogeneous
199:
197:
193:
192:Victorian era
189:
185:
180:
176:
172:
168:
158:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
110:by any major
109:
105:
101:
98:
94:
90:
87:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
68:
67:Canis pugilis
64:
58:
42:
37:
32:
26:
22:
2561:Turnspit dog
2536:Talbot Hound
2531:Tahitian Dog
2511:Sleuth hound
2451:Norman Hound
2391:Halls Heeler
2316:Braque Dupuy
2216:Fox Terriers
2199:
2196:
2074:Bull Terrier
2068:
2040:
2007:Mountain Cur
1943:Skye Terrier
1871:Short-legged
1584:. Retrieved
1579:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1543:
1521:. Retrieved
1516:
1494:– via
1480:
1473:
1466:
1458:
1451:
1446:
1439:
1438:Wood, John.
1419:. Retrieved
1413:
1390:
1383:
1369:
1362:
1327:
1324:Cell Reports
1323:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1265:. Retrieved
1261:
1251:
1244:
1210:
1200:
1180:
1173:
1161:. Retrieved
1156:
1102:
1098:
1073:. Retrieved
1064:
1052:. Retrieved
1050:. 1 May 2017
1047:
1038:
1018:
1012:
1000:. Retrieved
995:
936:
932:
891:Bully breeds
890:
865:. Retrieved
861:
822:
795:Bulldog type
744:
742:
737:
733:
730:Bull Terrier
729:
727:
709:
698:
694:
685:
677:
673:
671:
635:
627:
617:
602:
594:Dog fighting
588:Dog fighting
579:
561:
554:
544:
539:
535:
528:
516:
512:
491:
481:
474:
471:DNA analysis
433:Bull Terrier
426:
422:
413:bear-baiting
393:dog fighting
371:crosses. In
362:
354:
341:
326:
318:
311:
283:
281:
276:
273:bull-terrier
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
250:
239:
216:
200:
188:bear-baiting
166:
165:
157:domestic dog
124:Bull Terrier
103:Breed status
66:
25:
21:Bull Terrier
2551:Toy Bulldog
2361:Dogo Cubano
2105:Russian Toy
2022:Treeing Cur
1928:Rat Terrier
1686:Jagdterrier
1645:Long-legged
996:Scienceline
637:James Hinks
547:Fox Terrier
493:Kennel Club
463:(UKC), and
455:(CKC), and
443:(AmStaff),
403:Descendants
269:pit bulldog
235: 1881
222:Terminology
171:crossbreeds
112:kennel club
61:Other names
52: 1887
2586:Categories
2331:Chien-gris
2224:Schnauzers
2093:Toy breeds
1819:Schnauzers
1586:8 February
1523:9 February
1163:2 February
1075:8 February
1054:8 February
1002:8 February
867:7 February
806:References
650:Dalmatians
641:Birmingham
365:sighthound
2607:Dog types
2521:Staghound
2356:Dalbo dog
2321:Buckhound
2220:Pinschers
2204:Pit bulls
1987:Blue Lacy
1799:Dobermann
1776:Pinschers
1305:Carnivora
955:1090-0233
909:172980066
734:Bulls-eye
658:Greyhound
620:Kit Burns
540:half-bred
496:Stud Book
488:purebreds
282:The term
257:half-bred
208:purebreds
28:Dog breed
2592:Terriers
2541:Techichi
2436:Molossus
2416:Laconian
1973:Cur-type
1629:Terriers
1354:28445722
1267:25 March
1262:Dog News
1243:(1959).
1131:27478618
963:26403955
789:See also
714:Disney,
379:and the
329:bulldogs
179:terriers
175:bulldogs
173:between
2002:Lurcher
1345:5492993
1287:Bad Rap
1122:4965900
825:; p. 81
800:Terrier
771:Dustman
699:Dustman
686:Dustman
654:Pointer
645:Collies
582:(1859)
572:Spaniel
568:Harrier
531:badgers
523:muzzled
503:Hunters
397:baiting
389:hunting
377:Walsall
373:England
369:terrier
302:History
261:pit dog
242:mastiff
97:Whippet
77:Britain
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