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bombings, Burdenko survived another heavy concussion which led to a stroke; he also completely lost ability to talk and had to train hard to regain it. He spent two months in war hospitals and in April 1942 returned to Moscow where he continued scientific work. For the first time in world medicine he
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With his active participation, neurosurgical clinics and departments appeared all over the country. Burdenko organized and headed various medical conferences, including the All-Union
Neurosurgical Council founded in 1935, and represented Soviet Union at international conferences. He also headed the
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was founded in Moscow. It was designed in accordance with plans developed by
Burdenko and was partially based on the Institute of Experimental Medicine β the first Russian research institute that existed from 1890 to 1944. Burdenko served as its president from 20 December until his death.
570:
and the methods of treating it, made a large contribution to the study of the processes which appear in the central and peripheral nervous system in connection with the surgical operation in the case of sharp injuries; he developed the bulbotomy β operation on the upper division of the
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collected from witnesses, the commission reported that the massacre happened during the autumn of 1941 and that methods used to kill Polish officers were identical to those used by German forces during occupation of Soviet cities. Documented materials were entered into evidence at the
469:, aid and dressing stations, including special sections for soldiers with stomach, lungs and skull wounds. For the first time in battlefield medicine Burdenko applied first aid care for skull injuries. From 1915 to 1917, he also worked as a consultant surgeon, first at the
543:. He also headed the university surgical clinic from 1924 until his death which currently bears his name. In 1929, a faculty of field surgery was founded on his initiative. Same year Burdenko was appointed a director of the neurosurgical clinic of the
1277:
729:, recognizing it as a "mistake" of the agency, and stating that for him as a medical man "it was quite clear" that the corpses dated back to 1940. In 1957, Olshansky returned to the USSR where he claimed that his testimony was made up by the
309:
848:
603:. From 1937, he worked as the main consultant surgeon under the Red Army Board of Health. He also published the first guide concerning field surgery based on his war experience which helped to prepare the army for the
1204:. Vol. 5β7. Washington: United States. Congress. House. Select Committee to Conduct an Investigation and Study of the Facts, Evidence, and Circumstances on the Katyn Forest Massacre. 1952. pp. 1938β1942.
375:
and other epidemic diseases. He was then restored in the university. During that time he worked a lot as a surgeon and took part in medical expeditions around the country to fight epidemics of typhus,
516:. In 1920 he organized medical courses to prepare field surgeons and nurses. Simultaneously he consulted the Voronezh Health Department and continued his scientific work. His researches concerned
1008:
People of
Russian Science. Essays on Prominent Figures in Natural History and Engineering. Biology, Medicine, Agricultural Sciences // ed. by Ivan Kuzntesov. β Moscow: Fizmatlit, 1963, p. 669β678
858:
292:), one of the eight children of Nil Karpovich Burdenko (1839β1906) and Varvara Markianovna Burdenko (nΓ©e Smagina) (1851β1897). His paternal grandfather Karp Fyodorovich Burdenko came from
714:. In 1993, a commission of experts under the Russia's Chief Military Prosecutor's Office disapproved the Burdenko commission's report as "false" and "not meeting science requirements".
66:
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and
Burdenko's friend, published an article and in 1952 β testified in court that in April 1946 Burdenko had revealed to him that he knew about the execution been carried out by the
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which turned to be more effective compared to intravenous injections practiced at the time. He also promoted the usage of secondary suture and effective treating of artery wounds.
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1201:
The Katyn Forest
Massacre: Hearings Before the Select Committee to Conduct an Investigation of the Facts, Evidence and Circumstances of the Katyn Forest Massacre
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and various Riga hospitals. In March 1917, he was appointed the Main
Battlefield Medical Inspector, but left the post on May due to disagreements with the
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by German forces
Burdenko was suggested to continue to carry out his duties under the new power, but he declined the offer and in June 1918 evacuated to
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In June 1945, he survived a second stroke, and during the summer of 1946 β a third one. While in hospital, Burdenko finished a report on healing of
737:, Olshansky "appeared and testified voluntarily". However, other doubts arose as to the credibility of Olshansky's testimony the following years.
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units. He also headed the special commission of forensic medical examination that revealed atrocities committed during the Nazi occupation of the
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in Moscow. He was survived by his wife Maria
Emilievna Burdenko (1882β1954) and their son Vladimir Nikolaevich Burdenko (1912β1974),
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Nikolay
Burdenko was born on 3 June 1876 in the village of Kamenka in the Nizhnelomovsky Uyezd of the Penza Governorate (modern-day
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for his service. On
December he demobilized and returned to his studies. In 1905, he was invited to the surgery department of the
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after one of the battles and had to return to his Alma mater where he headed the surgery department. Following the occupation of
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in 1941, he was appointed the Main Surgeon of the Red Army and participated in some of the first battles that took place near
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575:. Burdenko created the school of surgeons with a sharply pronounced experimental direction. Works in the domains of the
363:), Faculty of Medicine. Once again, he became involved with the student protest movement and had to spend a year in the
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631:. He organized medical help and personally operated thousands of people. He also tested and actively applied first
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where he served as a landlord's estate manager and his wife β as a maid; after being granted freedom they moved to
198:
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962:. Interesting Life: Episodes from the Life of Burdenko Nikolay Nilovich, a Surgeon. β Moscow: Sovremennik, p. 3-7
248:(from 1939), an academician and the first director of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (1944β1946), a
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which served as the basis for the world's first Central Neurosurgical Institute founded in 1932 (known today as
343:. There, he became fascinated with anatomy and operative surgery, and by the third course he was appointed as a
304:
and then β to Verhniy Lomov of the Penza Governorate. Nikolay's father also worked as an estate manager for the
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482:
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In 1906, Burdenko graduated from the university and moved back to Penza where he became a surgeon at the local
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and was given by him under fear of repressions, although according to Democratic United States Representative
465:. In addition to the duties of field surgeon he also evacuated wounded soldiers under hostile fire, organized
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as the best student. In 1897, he left it to study medicine at the recently opened Faculty of Medicine of the
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33:
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1315:
Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. Blue Series Vol. 39, p. 241.
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332:
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245:
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were the valuable contribution of Burdenko and his school to the theory and practice of neurosurgery.
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and was close to the Emperor's family. Nikolay's mother was a housewife who came from peasants of the
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Burdenko died on 11 November 1946, just several months after the third stroke. He was buried at the
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and spent all four months at the frontline, managing the battlefield surgery. With the start of the
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17:
1414:. N. N. Burdenko. Collection of Works in 7 Volumes. β Moscow: Academy of Science Publishing House.
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On 11 October 1901, he entered the fourth course of the Imperial University of Yuryev (modern-day
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Katyn. March 1940 β September 2000. Shooting. Fates of Those Alive. Echo of Katyn. Documents
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and a former Soviet Army officer who claimed to be a former associated professor at the
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524:, anesthesia, blood transfusion and so on. At the time he also came to conclusion that
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701:(People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs), the Soviet secret police. Based on the
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1282:. Vol. 102, part 10. Washington: United States Congress. 1956. p. 14128.
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where he founded a neurosurgical department; in 1930, it was reorganized into the
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that inspired him to write five scientific efforts. In March 1909, he earned the
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347:'s assistant. He was then excluded from the university for participating in the
1348:"Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ ΠΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ»Π°"
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In January 1944, he headed a special commission established to investigate the
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670:. He investigated various Nazi crimes, including attacks on medical personnel,
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1131:// ed. by Natalia S. Lebedeva and Wojciech Materski. β Moscow: Ves' Mir, 2001
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Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the United States Congress
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article from the Tomsk State University newspaper, 31 May 2002 (in Russian)
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to clinical practice; he investigated the reasons behind the appearance of
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and was shot in the arm while saving wounded under hostile fire during the
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Burdenko's name also appeared on the official Soviet report regarding the
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in 1914, Burdenko once again volunteered for the frontline and joined the
335:. In 1891, he entered Penza theological seminary and was soon sent to the
957:
849:
Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941β1945"
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Burdenko took active part in building and managing war hospitals for the
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along with other professors. There, he became one of the founders of the
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N .N. Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery
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24 January 1944, Special commission's final report, p. 513 (in Russian)
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1222:. Vol. 4. Washington: United States Congress. 1952. p. 31.
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The following were named after Burdenko: SRI of the neurosurgery in
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prevention, healing of wounds and infections, surgical treatment of
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school and in 1886 entered Penza theological school to study for an
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https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/NT_major-war-criminals.html
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885:, Central military hospital, the faculty of the surgical clinic of
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the responsibility for the massacre, factually carried out by the
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Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945"
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116:
1391:"ΠΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°"
1373:"ΠΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°"
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All-Union Association of Surgeons and became a member of the
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article from the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences website
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1424:. β Moscow: Academy of Science Publishing House, 152 pages.
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Honorary member of the International Society of Surgeons,
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In November 1942, Burdenko was appointed a member of the
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complications after brain and skull injures by injecting
652:
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Burdenko was among the first to introduce surgery of the
705:
performed by 75 doctors, evidences found on corpses and
1453:Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ) Nikolay Burdenko's full bibliography
225:
3 June] 1876 β 11 November 1946) was a
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Academicians of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
1422:
Materials for N. N. Burdenko's Biography (1876β1946)
893:
provincial clinical hospital, streets in Moscow and
421:
ligation. He was heavily influenced by the works of
979:
They Added to Penza's Glory. In 3 Volumes. Volume 1
686:where over 215 000 Soviet civilians were murdered.
1536:Presidents of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
1056:Healing with a Scalpel. Academician N. N. Burdenko
1090:
390:. He served in the field ambulance detachment in
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1069:Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute
1237:. Paris: Editions Spotkania. pp. 130β131.
1091:Cienciala, Anna M.; Materski, Wojciech (2007).
1260:. Kazan: Tatar publishing house. 1990. p. 108
386:In January 1904, Burdenko volunteered for the
1258:Checkists of Tataria // "Shifter" by V. Titov
615:In 1939, the 64-year-old Burdenko joined the
1506:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
717:In 1950, Boris Olshansky, a defector to the
1097:. Yale University Press. pp. 226β229.
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1295:"ΠΠ²Π° ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ..."
1172:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
970:
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1606:Academic staff of the University of Tartu
1561:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
1526:Academic staff of Moscow State University
1147:
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782:
775:who served on submarine during the war.
587:of the liquor circulation, and cerebral
413:hospital. Simultaneously he worked on a
286:Kamenka, Kamensky District, Penza Oblast
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1037:at the War Heroes database (in Russian)
975:Aleksandr Tyustin, Igor Shishkin (2012)
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528:must be taken as a separate specialty.
260:winner (1941). He was a veteran of the
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1189:text at the Katyn library (in Russian)
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1551:Recipients of the Cross of St. George
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599:in 1938, the same year he joined the
429:degree and the next year he became a
1059:. Moscow: Znanie, pp. 57-67, 131β160
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795:, 3rd class with swords (March 1915)
337:Saint Petersburg Theological Academy
1040:
693:. The commission's report assigned
601:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
504:based on the University of Yuryev.
327:In 1885, Burdenko finished Kamenka
244:(1937β1946), an academician of the
24:
915:
854:Medal "For the Victory over Japan"
507:
25:
1622:
1571:Inventors from the Russian Empire
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1094:Katyn: A Crime without Punishment
844:Medal "For the Defence of Moscow"
731:American Committee for Liberation
354:
27:Russian Empire and Soviet surgeon
1556:Recipients of the Order of Lenin
1546:People of the Russo-Japanese War
1531:Surgeons from the Russian Empire
749:USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
549:People's Commissariat for Health
240:. He was Surgeon-General of the
199:USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
1496:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
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787:Burdenko on a 1962 Soviet stamp
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196:Central Neurosurgical Institute
176:Medicine, surgery, neurosurgery
1596:Recipients of the Stalin Prize
1434:. β Moscow: Medgiz, 248 pages.
1062:
1011:
668:Extraordinary State Commission
643:β to treat injury infections.
535:and became a professor of the
483:Russian Provisional Government
440:
279:
13:
1:
1581:Soviet people of World War II
1576:Russian people of World War I
1405:
1293:ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠ³ΠΎΡΡ (8 July 2011).
981:. β Penza: Iceberg, p. 60-61
908:
437:at the University of Yuryev.
296:of the Kuznetsky Uezd of the
189:Imperial University of Yuryev
146:Imperial University of Yuryev
34:Eastern Slavic naming customs
1521:Katyn massacre investigators
1152:. KrakΓ³w. pp. 272β276.
1018:Alma Mater: Nikolay Burdenko
742:Auschwitz concentration camp
541:1st Moscow Medical Institute
406:town hospital for practice.
7:
1216:"The Katyn Forest Massacre"
1148:Abarinow, WΕadimir (2007).
531:In 1923, Burdenko moved to
463:Battle of the Vistula River
349:1899 Russian student strike
256:of medical services, and a
10:
1627:
1601:University of Tartu alumni
1511:Heroes of Socialist Labour
828:Order of the Patriotic War
488:He was diagnosed with the
398:. He was awarded with the
32:In this name that follows
31:
1432:Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko
1297:(in Russian). Katyn Files
1035:Burdenko Nikolay Nilovich
943:Great Soviet Encyclopedia
723:Voronezh State University
581:vegetative nervous system
564:peripheral nervous system
502:Voronezh State University
341:Tomsk Imperial University
236:, the founder of Russian
218:
211:Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko
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180:
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64:
57:
1541:People from Penza Oblast
1428:Suren Bagdasaryan (1954)
1418:Suren Bagdasaryan (1950)
1233:Zawodny, Janusz (1989).
939:ΠΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ ΠΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
839:Medal for Combat Service
811:Hero of Socialist Labour
801:, 2nd class (April 1915)
755:
597:USSR Academy of Sciences
490:post-concussion syndrome
246:USSR Academy of Sciences
219:ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ ΠΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ
1586:Soviet military doctors
1516:History of neuroscience
1412:Nikolay Burdenko (1951)
823:Order of the Red Banner
805:Order of Saint Vladimir
537:Moscow State University
485:and returned to front.
459:East Prussian Operation
417:on the consequences of
367:treating children with
250:Hero of Socialist Labor
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744:as document USSR-008.
445:With the start of the
1457:Russian State Library
1220:Reports and Documents
834:Order of the Red Star
786:
457:, taking part in the
1591:Soviet neurosurgeons
1053:Mark Mirsky (1983).
889:'s medical academy,
769:Novodevichy Cemetery
547:institute under the
312:) who served in the
1566:Red Cross personnel
1333:8 July 2017 at the
1074:6 June 2017 at the
799:Order of Saint Anna
793:Order of Saint Anna
651:suggested to treat
621:Great Patriotic War
435:associate professor
400:Cross of St. George
396:Battle of Te-li-Ssu
365:Kherson Governorate
361:University of Tartu
298:Saratov Governorate
221:; 22 May [
1611:Russian scientists
1328:How it all started
807:, 4th class (1916)
789:
779:Honours and awards
747:In June 1944, the
646:During one of the
475:Vilna Governorates
455:Northwestern Front
453:detachment of the
427:Doctor of Medicine
388:Russo-Japanese War
322:Tambov Governorate
308:Vladimir Voeykov (
262:Russo-Japanese War
1397:on 25 April 2022.
1379:on 25 April 2022.
1159:978-83-240-0792-9
1150:Oprawcy z Katynia
1104:978-0-300-10851-4
657:streptocide white
589:blood circulation
274:German-Soviet War
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193:Moscow University
167:Scientific career
95:Penza Governorate
16:(Redirected from
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1462:Nikolay Burdenko
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1393:. Archived from
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1466:Find a Grave
1445:(in Russian)
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156:Neurosurgery
125:Soviet Union
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111:(1946-11-11)
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1486:1946 deaths
1481:1876 births
958:Pavel Nilin
830:, 1st class
633:antibiotics
573:spinal cord
447:World War I
441:World War I
423:Ivan Pavlov
419:portal vein
318:Nicholas II
280:Early years
132:Nationality
87:3 June 1876
46:family name
1475:Categories
1406:Literature
1187:Conclusion
909:References
641:gramicidin
617:Winter War
270:Winter War
83:1876-06-03
38:patronymic
1448:Biography
1168:cite book
735:Dan Flood
707:testimony
676:Red Cross
585:pathology
451:Red Cross
392:Manchuria
345:prosector
185:Red Cross
93:village,
1331:Archived
1301:30 April
1072:Archived
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895:Voronezh
887:Sechenov
680:Smolensk
625:Yartsevo
577:oncology
514:Red Army
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479:2nd Army
461:and the
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50:Burdenko
42:Nilovich
18:Burdenko
1455:at the
1357:11 June
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467:triage
415:thesis
369:typhus
290:Russia
231:Soviet
173:Fields
117:Moscow
36:, the
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897:, an
891:Penza
756:Death
568:shock
545:X-ray
518:shock
471:Kovno
314:Svita
302:Penza
294:serfs
1359:2019
1303:2020
1262:ISBN
1239:ISBN
1174:link
1154:ISBN
1133:ISBN
1112:2011
1099:ISBN
983:ISBN
727:NKVD
699:NKVD
682:and
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648:Nazi
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