196:
at its base. About 140 m (460 ft) above its base, a 15 m (49 ft) thick layer of volcanic breccia lies sandwiched between basaltic lava flows. The lava flows exhibit
239:) are the most important in terms of number of individuals and distribution. They consist of small, 1 to 2 cm (0.39 to 0.79 in), bivalved spinicaudatan
274:
The lake cherts from the upper part of
Carapace Sandstone contain an abundance of fusainized plant material and animal remains. This fine-grained
382:
The Mawson
Diamictite and the Carapace Sandstone, formations of the Ferrar Group at Allan Hills and Carapace Nunatak, Victoria Land, Antarctica.
107:, which consists of about 430 m (1,410 ft) of the Ferrar Group. The exact thickness is unknown because the strata is broken up by
496:
341:
355:
475:
Cheirolepidiaceous diversity: an anatomically preserved pollen cone from the Lower
Jurassic of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica.
424:
The “Preservation
Paradox”: microbes as a key to exceptional fossil preservation in the Kirkpatrick Basalt (Jurassic), Antarctica.
74:
25:
403:
Additional field interpretation of the
Jurassic sequence at Carapace Nunatak and Coombs Hills, south Victoria Land Antarctica.
204:) of fossiliferous, laminated siltstone and chert. The upper surface of the Kirkpatrick Basalt has been long since removed by
329:
304:. Intermixed with the plant fossils are numerous of shallow-water conchostracans and other ephemeral freshwater crustaceans.
224:, the fossils found at Carapace Nunatak are remarkably well preserved to the extent that their source is referred to as a
346:
200:
and, at the base of the
Kirkpatrick Basalt, contain with very large (up to 2 m (6.6 ft) thick) xenoliths (
501:
351:
216:
The fossiliferous horizons of the Ferrar Group at
Carapace Nunatak contain one of the richest and most diverse
220:
Jurassic paleobiota known from
Antarctica. Not only are these fossils diverse, except for poorly preserved
184:
Conformably overlying the
Carapace Sandstone is 300 m (980 ft) of Kirkpatrick Basalt. The basalt
121:
At the base of
Carapace Nunatak, about 130 m (430 ft) of cross-bedded sandstones and fine lithic
178:
443:
Early jurassic miospores from ferrar group of carapace nunatak, south victoria Land, Antarctica.
473:
Hieger, T.J., Serbet, R., Harper, C.J., Taylor, T.N., Taylor, E.L. and Gulbranson, E.L., 2015.
285:
represented by vegetative and reproductive structures, isolated ovules, a diversity of taxa of
122:
422:
Babcock, L.E., Leslie, S.A., Elliot, D.H., Stigall, A.L., Ford, L.A. and Briggs, D.E., 2006.
69:
where it is visible for a considerable distance from many directions. It was so named by the
8:
325:
324:
2nd ed. Jefferson, North Carolina and London, McFarland & Company, Inc. 1771 pp.
197:
289:
459:
Jurassic conchostracans from Carapace Nunatak, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica.
260:
177:. The base of the Carapace Sandstone is not exposed. The Carapace Nunatak is the
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225:
232:
221:
58:
490:
278:
preserves abundant plant fossils. These plant fossils include at least three
162:
154:
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40:
27:
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debris. The uppermost 25 m (82 ft) contains beds of laminated and
268:
252:
235:, fine-grained lake deposits of Carapace Sandstone, fossil conchostracans (
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65:, standing 8 nautical miles (15 km) southwest of
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133:fraction of the fine conglomerates consists of
437:
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406:New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics
385:New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics
390:
432:
314:
451:
380:Ballance, P.F. and Watters, W.A., 1971.
356:United States Department of the Interior
118:conceal the underlying Jurassic strata.
188:include a thick layer of hyaloclastite
75:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
489:
243:. They are most typical of ephemeral,
478:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
446:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
96:The Carapace Nunatak is an erosional
57:, the most westerly near the head of
497:Paleontological sites of Antarctica
347:Geographic Names Information System
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13:
14:
513:
352:United States Geological Survey
1:
307:
322:Antarctica: An Encyclopedia,
181:for the Carapace Sandstone.
88:found in the exposed rocks.
7:
77:(1956–1958) because of the
10:
518:
211:
125:of the Carapace Sandstone
91:
53:) is a prominent isolated
253:notostracan branchiopods
502:Nunataks of Oates Land
427:The Sedimentary Record
401:Bradshaw, M.A., 1987.
271:are extremely rare.
231:In the laminated, and
16:Nunatak in Antarctica
448:, 144(1-2), pp.3-12.
387:, 14(3), pp.512-527.
457:Yabin, Shen, 1994.
441:Ribecai, C., 2007.
320:Stewart, J., 2011.
302:cycadophyte foliage
37: /
408:, 30(1), pp.37-49.
342:"Carapace Nunatak"
41:76.883°S 159.400°E
462:Antarctic Science
330:978-0-7864-3590-6
276:Magadi-type chert
198:columnar jointing
111:and discontinous
509:
481:
480:, 220, pp.78-87.
471:
465:
464:, 6, pp.105–113.
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449:
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149:, and weathered
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51:
49:
48:
47:
46:-76.883; 159.400
42:
38:
35:
34:
33:
30:
20:Carapace Nunatak
517:
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510:
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429:, 4(4), pp.4-8.
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263:and wings, and
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267:. Macroscopic
245:alkaline ponds
222:petrified wood
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93:
90:
59:Mackay Glacier
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9:
6:
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3:
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305:
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281:
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270:
269:trace fossils
266:
262:
261:insect nymphs
258:
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250:
247:. Associated
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
227:
223:
219:
209:
207:
203:
199:
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192:with beds of
191:
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180:
179:type locality
176:
172:
168:
164:
163:fossiliferous
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
123:conglomerates
119:
117:
114:
110:
106:
103:
99:
89:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:party of the
72:
68:
64:
63:Victoria Land
60:
56:
50:
21:
477:
474:
469:
461:
458:
453:
445:
442:
426:
423:
405:
402:
384:
381:
359:. Retrieved
345:
336:
321:
316:
273:
265:plant leaves
249:macrofossils
230:
226:Lagerstätten
215:
201:
183:
120:
95:
67:Mount Brooke
19:
18:
237:clam shrimp
194:pillow lava
86:crustaceans
71:New Zealand
44: /
491:Categories
361:17 October
308:References
257:ostracodes
241:arthropods
233:silicified
218:freshwater
186:lava flows
171:siltstone
147:greywacke
84:of small
82:carapaces
298:rhizomes
294:rachides
290:pinnules
251:include
167:mudstone
165:beds of
159:volcanic
157:contain
127:outcrops
116:moraines
102:Jurassic
32:159°24′E
280:conifer
212:Fossils
206:erosion
190:breccia
153:. Some
143:granite
135:pebbles
113:glacial
98:outlier
92:Geology
55:nunatak
29:76°53′S
328:
300:, and
173:, and
151:basalt
131:gravel
129:. The
109:faults
105:strata
79:fossil
202:rafts
175:chert
363:2023
326:ISBN
296:and
287:fern
283:taxa
155:beds
139:coal
137:of
100:of
61:in
493::
434:^
413:^
392:^
371:^
354:,
350:.
344:.
292:,
259:,
255:,
228:.
208:.
169:,
145:,
141:,
365:.
22:(
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