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Carlo Rosselli

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168: 676: 945:(which he felt, as in the Russian case, was synonymous with the dictatorship of a single party) he rejected in favour of a revolution that—as famously put in the GL program—is a coherent system of structural reforms aimed at the construction of a Socialism; that does not limit, but indeed exalts, freedom of personality and of association. Writing in his final years, Rosselli became more radical in his liberal positions, defending the social organization of the 66: 298: 25: 697:". GL various numbers of the review and the notebooks omonimi (with cadence weekly magazine and salary) and was active in the organization of various spectacular actions, notable among which was the flight over Milan of Bassanesi (1930). In 1930 he published, in French, "Socialisme Libéral". 750:(The Italian Anti-Fascist Concentration), a union of all the non-communist anti-fascist forces (republican, socialist, nationalist) trying to promote and coordinate expatriate actions to fight fascism in Italy. They also first published a weekly political magazine entitled 763:
in Germany (1933), the paper began to call for insurgency, revolutionary action, and military action in order to stop the Italian and German regimes before they plunge Europe into a tragic war. Spain, they wrote, seems the destiny of all fascist states.
926:, albeit variously understood, was still regarded as the only reliable source of political analysis and guidance). Undoubtedly the influence of the British labour movement, which he knew well, is visible. As a result of the electoral successes of the 784:, criticizing the neutrality policy of France and Britain, especially as Italy and Germany sent arms and troops in support of the rebels. In August, Rosselli and the GL organized their own brigades of volunteers to support the 212:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge. 634:
the escape of Turati to France. While Pertini followed Turati to France, Parri and Rosselli were captured and convicted for their roles in Turati's escape and sentenced to a period of confinement on the island of
1812: 1939: 1614: 1507: 930:, Rosselli was convinced that the 'norms' of liberal democracy were essential, not only in building Socialism, but also for its concrete realization. This stands in contrast to 198: 1665: 2103: 1660: 1889: 756:. Rosselli was the founding editor of the weekly and served in the post from 1934 to 1937. Following his assassination in 1937 Alberto Cianca replaced him in the post. 2218: 1502: 2044: 1826: 934:
tactics which prioritize organizational power over democratic procedures. This 'Rossellian' synthesis is that " liberalism is the method, Socialism is the aim".
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
2263: 2168: 1553: 1752: 1740: 743:, defined "liberal Socialism" as "libellous anti-socialism" and Rosselli "a reactionary ideologue who has nothing to do with the working class". 2059: 1470: 2238: 1443: 2022: 1578: 830:
After falling ill, Rosselli was sent back to Paris, from where he led support for the anti-fascist cause, and proposed an even broader '
2163: 1687: 1584: 2153: 693:, Lussu, Nitti, and a Parisian circle of refugees which had formed around Salvemini, Rosselli helped found the anti-fascist movement " 2248: 2223: 1934: 2203: 1817: 599:). During the following months, fascist violence towards the left became increasingly severe. Ernesto Rossi left the country for 1944: 441: 2208: 1906: 1619: 1130: 568: 130: 946: 2178: 1973: 747: 102: 2228: 2193: 2158: 877:, with archival documents implicating Mussolini's regime in authorizing the murder. The two brothers were buried in the 2253: 2213: 2183: 1864: 1512: 874: 639:(1927). It was then that Rosselli began to write his most famous work, "Liberal Socialism". In July 1929 he escaped to 223: 109: 1572: 1463: 1346: 1247: 1239: 1000: 992: 504:, who was to be from then a constant companion of both the Rosselli brothers. It was in this period that he became a 271: 236:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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erupted as the fascist-monarchical led army attempted a coup d'Ă©tat against the republican government of the
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liberalism and fascism. It was not surprising, therefore, when one of the most important Italian Communists,
583:", a review edited by Turati. After the murder of Matteotti, Rosselli pushed for a more active opposition to 1413: 1894: 1456: 98: 1020: 1929: 1548: 1195: 2188: 2051: 970:. Edited by Nadia Urbinati. Translated by William McCuaig (Princeton: Princeton University Press 1994). 588: 466: 878: 1874: 1854: 1831: 1046: 517: 231: 1859: 1497: 785: 781: 76: 1879: 1604: 824: 648: 521: 1967: 1434: 1122: 847: 694: 681: 431: 2095: 1884: 1609: 900:
His British-origin wife Marion Catherine Cave, their three children, Giovanni Andrea "John",
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Pugliese, Stanislao G. (July 1997). "Death in Exile: The Assassination of Carlo Rosselli".
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Pugliese, Stanislao G. (July 1997). "Death in Exile: The Assassination of Carlo Rosselli".
938: 705: 556: 486: 474: 8: 2001: 1838: 1703: 1591: 1565: 1524: 950: 850: 796: 728: 708: 643:, from where he travelled to France, and the community of Italian antifascists including 548: 245: 44: 916:. This work marked Rosselli out as a heretic in the Italian left of his time (for which 1800: 1633: 1536: 1386: 1315: 1276: 1217: 1173: 1165: 1095: 2037: 1806: 1735: 1725: 1599: 1558: 1390: 1378: 1342: 1319: 1280: 1243: 1177: 1146:
Stanislao G. Pugliese (1997). "Death in Exile: The Assassination of Carlo Rosselli".
1126: 1115: 996: 927: 773: 740: 720: 592: 572: 501: 490: 437: 425: 227: 180: 1361:"L'esperienza intellettuale e politica del laburismo nel pensiero di Carlo Rosselli" 685:, an Italian anti-fascist resistance movement founded and initially led by Rosselli. 1951: 1757: 1745: 1720: 1543: 1368: 1307: 1268: 1209: 1157: 732: 660: 1448: 842:. In 1937, Berneri was killed by Communist forces during a purge of anarchists in 2008: 1979: 1764: 1337: 1200: 1191: 901: 792: 716: 631: 580: 482: 421: 389:(16 November 1899 – 9 June 1937) was an Italian political leader, 2074: 477:. She was also a playwright and children's book author. In 1903 he was taken to 16:
Italian politician, journalist, historian, philosopher and anti-fascist activist
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In June 1937, Carlo Rosselli and his brother visited the French resort town of
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Michele Cantarella (Winter 1938). "Italian Writers in Exile: A Bibliography".
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
1169: 1213: 917: 904:, and Andrew, and his mother Amelia Pincherle Rosselli survived him. 843: 820: 812: 808: 800: 736: 724: 509: 505: 417: 410: 394: 520:. In 1921 he graduated with a degree in political sciences from the 65: 931: 894: 890: 478: 297: 780:. Rosselli helped lead the Italian anti-fascist supporters of the 651:. Nitti later portrayed Rosselli's adventurous escape in the book 701: 640: 584: 414: 953:
and Barcelona during the civil war, and informed by the rise of
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for the consequences of a fascist aggression which happened in
600: 552: 603:, followed by Salvemini. On 15 February 1926, fellow activist 882: 612: 608: 533: 529: 406: 559:: the Labour movement in the UK would deeply influence him. 1677: 528:). Later he undertook a law degree that he would pursue in 458: 319: 670: 489:
and fought in the alpine campaign, rising to the rank of
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Tribunale speciale per la difesa dello Stato (1926–1943)
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Carlo Rosselli, dall'Interventismo a Giustizia e LibertĂ 
711:(Bernstein, Turati and Treves) and of classical Italian 1338:
Carlo Rosselli: Socialist Heretic and Antifascist Exile
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Carlo Rosselli: Socialist Heretic and Antifascist Exile
428:". Rosselli founded the anti-fascist militant movement 1503:
Fascist and anti-Fascist violence in Italy (1919–1926)
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he founded the clandestine publication "Non mollare" (
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but in 1951 the family moved them to Italy into the
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a machine-translated version of the Italian article.
1478: 1444:"Italian Life Under Fascism: Opposition to Fascism" 90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1114: 1085: 2219:Unitary Socialist Party (Italy, 1922) politicians 846:. With the fall of the Spanish Republic in 1939, 473:politics and thought and had participated in the 436:. Rosselli personally took part in combat in the 2125: 1072:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 136–139. 1190: 989:Italian socialism: between politics and history 865:. On 9 June, the two were killed by a group of 516:, in contrast to the revolutionary thinking of 1044: 700:The book was at once a passionate critique of 615:the year before. Still in Italy, Rosselli and 230:accompanying your translation by providing an 192:Click for important translation instructions. 179:expand this article with text translated from 1464: 429: 1579:Manifesto of the Anti-Fascist Intellectuals 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 1585:Assassination attempts on Benito Mussolini 1471: 1457: 1326: 659:) in an Italian edition in 1946 (the 1929 409:and then abroad. He developed a theory of 296: 2149:Italian military personnel of World War I 1372: 481:with his mother and siblings. During the 452: 272:Learn how and when to remove this message 150:Learn how and when to remove this message 1365:Diacronie. Studi di Storia Contemporanea 1297: 1258: 1112: 912:Carlo Rosselli published only one book, 834:' while still remaining critical of the 819:, and participated in a victory against 674: 623:", which was banned after a few months. 2264:People assassinated in the 20th century 2169:Italian people of the Spanish Civil War 653:Le nostre prigioni e la nostra evasione 2126: 1431:Biography, information and other links 1081: 1079: 1040: 1038: 671:Exile in Paris and Giustizia e LibertĂ  524:with a thesis titled: "sindacalismo" ( 1452: 1414:"Carlo Rosselli e l'altro socialismo" 1405:"Why Carlo Rosselli Was Assassinated" 1358: 1236:The Dispossessed: An Anatomy of Exile 555:where he studied the workings of the 496:After the war, thanks to his brother 1974:Concentrazione Antifascista Italiana 1813:Legione Proletaria Filippo Corridoni 1121:. Harvard University Press. p.  1067: 853:were forced to flee back to France. 767: 748:Concentrazione Antifascista Italiana 161: 88:adding citations to reliable sources 59: 18: 1359:Mioni, Michele (29 December 2012). 1076: 1070:Benedetto Croce and Italian Fascism 1035: 815:Italians. The unit was sent to the 13: 1865:Maximalist Italian Socialist Party 1352: 1013:"Archivio della famiglia Rosselli" 941:idea of revolution founded on the 562: 14: 2275: 2239:Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery 2164:20th-century Italian philosophers 1940:Alleanza Nazionale per la LibertĂ  1697:Antifascist martyrs and prisoners 1398: 1240:University of Massachusetts Press 993:University of Massachusetts Press 981: 626:Later in 1926, he organized with 34:This article has multiple issues. 2249:Italian political party founders 2224:20th-century Italian politicians 887:Monumental Cemetery of Trespiano 719:, Francisco Saverio Merlino and 242:{{Translated|it|Carlo Rosselli}} 166: 64: 23: 1796:Formazioni di difesa proletaria 1479:Italian antifascism (1919–1943) 1335:Pugliese, Stanislao G. (1999), 1300:Journal of Contemporary History 1291: 1261:Journal of Contemporary History 1252: 1149:Journal of Contemporary History 1113:Pugliese, Stanislao G. (1999). 1047:"Headliners: Alberto Tarchiani" 943:dictatorship of the proletariat 746:Giustizia e LibertĂ  joined the 75:needs additional citations for 42:or discuss these issues on the 2204:Italian people murdered abroad 2154:Members of Giustizia e LibertĂ  1508:Massacre of Palazzo d'Accursio 1228: 1184: 1139: 1106: 1061: 1005: 991:. Boston, Massachusetts, USA: 704:, a creative synthesis of the 547:He graduated in 1923 from the 500:, he studied in Florence with 240:You may also add the template 1: 1068:Rizi, Fabio Fernando (2003). 974: 838:and the Soviet government of 2209:Deaths by stabbing in France 1666:Casellario politico centrale 1341:, Harvard University Press, 799:, a mixed volunteer unit of 551:. For some weeks he visited 7: 2179:Assassinated Italian people 1930:Italian resistance movement 1916:Organizations and movements 1615:1940 San Mauro Forte revolt 1549:1922 Italian general strike 1327:Tranfaglia, Nicola (1968). 567:An active supporter of the 10: 2280: 2229:Terrorism deaths in France 2194:University of Siena alumni 2159:Exiled Italian politicians 1688:Italian fascist censorship 1312:10.1177/002200949703200302 1273:10.1177/002200949703200302 1162:10.1177/002200949703200302 907: 657:Our Prisons and Our Escape 204:Machine translation, like 2254:Italian magazine founders 2214:People murdered in France 2184:20th-century Italian Jews 1993: 1960: 1922: 1915: 1847: 1788: 1696: 1645: 1484: 1234:Peter Isaac Rose (2005). 987:Spencer Di Scala (1996). 856: 663:first edition was titled 467:Amelia Pincherle Rosselli 440:, where he served on the 374: 366: 343: 326: 304: 295: 288: 181:the corresponding article 1875:Communist Party of Italy 1855:Italian Republican Party 1598:Italian antifascists in 960: 836:Communist Party of Spain 579:, he began writing for " 518:Giacinto Menotti Serrati 420:inspired by the British 2259:Italian Anti-Francoists 2174:Italian social liberals 2045:La Rivoluzione liberale 1907:Unitary Socialist Party 1860:Italian Socialist Party 1498:Bloody Christmas (1920) 1045:Marion Roselli (1945). 569:Unitary Socialist Party 447: 251:For more guidance, see 2234:Assassinated activists 1880:Sardinian Action Party 1870:Italian People's Party 1605:International Brigades 1374:10.4000/diacronie.2535 1367:(in Italian) (12, 4). 879:Père Lachaise Cemetery 825:Battle of Monte Pelato 795:, Rosselli headed the 686: 649:Francesco Fausto Nitti 522:University of Florence 453:Birth, war and studies 430: 424:that he described as " 387:Carlo Alberto Rosselli 308:Carlo Alberto Rosselli 2199:Italian anti-fascists 2144:Politicians from Rome 1885:Italian Liberal Party 1610:Battle of Guadalajara 1423:Biography of Rosselli 678: 508:, sympathetic to the 469:, had been active in 457:Rosselli was born in 359:anti-fascist activist 253:Knowledge:Translation 224:copyright attribution 2244:Jewish anti-fascists 875:French fascist group 759:After the advent of 706:democratic socialist 619:founded the review " 607:died as an exile in 557:British Labour Party 487:Italian Armed Forces 475:unification of Italy 465:family. His mother, 84:improve this article 1968:Giustizia e LibertĂ  1839:Garibaldi Battalion 1827:Matteotti Battalion 1704:Ferruccio Ghinaglia 1592:Non abbiamo bisogno 1566:1922 Turin massacre 1520:Massacre of Sarzana 1435:Giustizia e LibertĂ  1017:archiviorosselli.it 951:anarchist Catalonia 869:, militants of the 848:Giustizia e LibertĂ  797:Matteotti Battalion 753:Giustizia e LibertĂ  729:Third International 695:Giustizia e LibertĂ  682:Giustizia e LibertĂ  587:. With the help of 549:University of Siena 432:Giustizia e LibertĂ  405:activist, first in 1769:Rosselli brothers 1573:Aventine Secession 1532:Massacre of Empoli 1437:and Carlo Rosselli 1416:Links and Timeline 863:Bagnoles-de-l'Orne 772:In July 1936, the 687: 337:Bagnoles-de-l'Orne 232:interlanguage link 2189:Jewish socialists 2121: 2120: 1994:Antifascist press 1989: 1988: 1848:Political parties 1807:Arditi del Popolo 1736:Giovanni Amendola 1726:Giacomo Matteotti 1709:Giuseppe Di Vagno 1600:Spanish Civil War 1554:Massacre of Parma 1485:Historical events 1196:"Racism in Italy" 1132:978-0-674-00053-7 968:Liberal Socialism 914:Liberal Socialism 782:republican forces 774:Spanish Civil War 768:Spanish Civil War 721:Gaetano Salvemini 593:Gaetano Salvemini 502:Gaetano Salvemini 491:second lieutenant 438:Spanish Civil War 426:liberal socialism 384: 383: 379:Liberal Socialism 282: 281: 274: 264: 263: 193: 189: 160: 159: 152: 134: 57: 2271: 2114: 2099: 2070: 2055: 2033: 1952:Azione Cattolica 1948: 1920: 1919: 1898: 1890:Unione Nazionale 1835: 1821: 1761: 1749: 1721:Giovanni Minzoni 1717: 1674: 1637: 1629:Massacre of Bari 1623: 1562: 1544:Parma Barricades 1540: 1528: 1516: 1473: 1466: 1459: 1450: 1449: 1442: 1429: 1421: 1412: 1394: 1376: 1332: 1331:. 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Archived from 1009: 1003: 985: 966:Carlo Rosselli, 939:Marxist–Leninist 786:Spanish Republic 733:social democracy 435: 350:Political leader 333: 317:16 November 1899 316: 314: 300: 286: 285: 277: 270: 243: 237: 210:Google Translate 191: 187: 170: 169: 162: 155: 148: 144: 141: 135: 133: 99:"Carlo Rosselli" 92: 68: 60: 49: 27: 26: 19: 2279: 2278: 2274: 2273: 2272: 2270: 2269: 2268: 2124: 2123: 2122: 2117: 2108: 2104:Il Quarto Stato 2093: 2089:L'Italia libera 2064: 2049: 2027: 2009:Critica Sociale 1985: 1980:Mazzini Society 1956: 1942: 1911: 1892: 1843: 1829: 1815: 1784: 1765:Antonio Gramsci 1755: 1743: 1711: 1692: 1668: 1641: 1631: 1617: 1556: 1534: 1522: 1510: 1480: 1477: 1440: 1427: 1419: 1410: 1401: 1355: 1353:Further reading 1294: 1289: 1288: 1257: 1253: 1242:, pp. 138–139. 1233: 1229: 1201:Foreign Affairs 1192:Martin Agronsky 1189: 1185: 1144: 1140: 1133: 1111: 1107: 1084: 1077: 1066: 1062: 1043: 1036: 1026: 1024: 1011: 1010: 1006: 986: 982: 977: 963: 949:he had seen in 910: 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Bagnoles-de-l'Orne
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