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Released in response to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system; increases heart rate and heart contractility, constricts blood vessels, is a bronchodilator that opens (dilates) the bronchi of the lungs to increase air volume in the lungs, and stimulates
260:
Cells use the monomers released from breaking down polymers to either construct new polymer molecules or degrade the monomers further to simple waste products, releasing energy. Cellular wastes include
304:
and anabolism is a constructive metabolism. Catabolism, therefore, provides the chemical energy necessary for the maintenance and growth of cells. Examples of catabolic processes include
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in the liver to increase blood glucose levels; its effect is the opposite of insulin; glucagon and insulin are a part of a negative-feedback system that stabilizes blood glucose levels.
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Betts, J Gordon; Desaix, Peter; Johnson, Eddie; Johnson, Jody E; Korol, Oksana; Kruse, Dean; Poe, Brandon; Wise, James; Womble, Mark D; Young, Kelly A (June 8, 2023).
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Released from alpha cells in the pancreas either when starving or when the body needs to generate additional energy; it stimulates the breakdown of
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or catabolic, depending on which part of metabolism they stimulate. The so-called classic catabolic hormones known since the early 20th century are
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Carbon
Catabolism pathway map for free energy including carbohydrate and lipid sources of energy
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There are many signals that control catabolism. Most of the known signals are
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in response to stress; its main role is to increase blood glucose levels by
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Set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units
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535:"Glossary of Terms Used in Bioinorganic Chemistry: Catabolism"
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reactions. Catabolism breaks down large molecules (such as
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into smaller units that are either oxidized to release
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have traditionally classified many of the hormones as
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57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
352:and the molecules involved in metabolism itself.
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117:Learn how and when to remove this message
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748:Electron acceptors other than oxygen
504:Nocturnal post absorptive catabolism
55:adding citations to reliable sources
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564: This article incorporates
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769:Substrate-level phosphorylation
42:needs additional citations for
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237:) into smaller units (such as
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1172:Reverse cholesterol transport
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824:(protein→peptide→amino acid)
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300:Catabolism is a destructive
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533:de Bolster, M.W.G. (1997).
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467:, which got the roots from
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1209:Phospagen system (ATP-PCr)
679:Primary nutritional groups
209:pathways that breaks down
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509:Psilacetin § Pharmacology
475:, "downward" and βάλλειν
1063:Entner-Doudoroff pathway
725:electron transport chain
712:Pyruvate decarboxylation
577:Anatomy & Physiology
336:of neurotransmitters by
1157:Sphingolipid metabolism
1058:DeLey-Doudoroff pathway
906:carbohydrate catabolism
901:Carbohydrate metabolism
887:Purine nucleotide cycle
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1126:Fatty acid degradation
846:Amino acid degradation
291:adenosine triphosphate
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1162:Eicosanoid metabolism
1118:Fatty acid metabolism
882:Pyrimidine metabolism
741:Anaerobic respiration
494:Dehydration synthesis
334:oxidative deamination
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1136:Fatty acid synthesis
841:Amino acid synthesis
612:at Wikimedia Commons
568:available under the
51:improve this article
700:Aerobic respiration
320:, the breakdown of
143:Schematical diagram
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1204:Ethanol metabolism
1152:Steroid metabolism
877:Nucleotide salvage
809:Protein metabolism
411:Released from the
344:Catabolic hormones
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608:Media related to
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338:monoamine oxidase
310:citric acid cycle
217:or used in other
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68: –
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62:Find sources:
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52:
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40:This article
38:
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29:
28:
19:
982:Galactolysis
952:Glycogenesis
757:Fermentation
729:ATP synthase
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543:. Retrieved
539:the original
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66:"Catabolism"
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1108:lipogenesis
970:Fructolysis
784:Lactic acid
372:(and other
330:fatty acids
267:acetic acid
263:lactic acid
251:amino acids
247:nucleotides
243:fatty acids
1241:Metabolism
931:Glycolysis
864:metabolism
862:Nucleotide
852:Urea cycle
833:Amino acid
822:Catabolism
765:Glycolysis
708:Glycolysis
691:metabolism
651:catabolism
647:Metabolism
610:Catabolism
545:2007-10-30
520:References
514:Sarcopenia
499:Hydrolysis
461:catabolism
439:Adrenaline
386:hypocretin
384:(known as
370:adrenaline
314:substrates
306:glycolysis
302:metabolism
255:metabolism
156:Catabolism
107:April 2023
77:newspapers
18:Catabolize
1104:lipolysis
911:anabolism
655:anabolism
570:CC BY 4.0
489:Autophagy
465:Neo-Latin
459:The word
455:Etymology
401:Function
390:melatonin
378:cytokines
295:anabolism
283:oxidation
211:molecules
207:metabolic
134:catalysis
1235:Category
1027:Nonhuman
1012:O-linked
1007:N-linked
799:Specific
572:license.
483:See also
463:is from
431:glycogen
425:Glucagon
407:Cortisol
398:Hormone
366:glucagon
362:cortisol
358:anabolic
350:hormones
235:proteins
219:anabolic
1167:Ketosis
779:Ethanol
662:General
477:ballein
471:: κάτω
388:), and
275:ammonia
91:scholar
689:Energy
583:
382:orexin
368:, and
332:, and
308:, the
277:, and
249:, and
233:, and
227:lipids
215:energy
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1185:Other
1145:Other
920:Human
801:paths
469:Greek
98:JSTOR
84:books
909:and
581:ISBN
566:text
473:kato
316:for
287:heat
279:urea
70:news
933:⇄
774:ABE
328:to
324:in
322:fat
53:by
1237::
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950:⇄
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