Christian Zionism - Knowledge

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Zionism as a movement, though, was the fact that American evangelical leaders began to build relationships with American and Israeli Jews and they also began to build institutional connections with Jewish organizations and the Israeli government itself. Crucial to the building of these relationships was a motivated coterie of American evangelicals who resided in Israel, most notably, the founder of the American Institute of Holy Land Studies, G. Douglas Young. Through his institute, Young worked to convince American Christians that it was their biblical duty to support the Jewish people and the Jewish state. He also worked as a go-between for Jewish organizations and Israeli government agencies which were seeking to build relationships with American evangelicals. Such activism provided the basis for the development of Christian Zionism as a movement.

1841: 887: 1435:, American Jewish Zionists helped coordinate the establishment of two non-Jewish Zionist organizations, the American Palestine Committee and the Christian Council on Palestine, which were later merged into the American Christian Palestine Committee (ACPC). The ACPC, which was composed largely of liberal and mainline Protestants, became the leading American Christian lobby in support of the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine. After the establishment of Israel in 1948, the ACPC continued its lobbying efforts. For instance, it coordinated opposition to the United Nations' efforts to internationalize the city of Jerusalem, which was divided between Israel and Transjordan in the 1948 War. 3752:"When the Most High accordingly declares that he will bring the house of Israel into their own land, it does not follow that this will be effected by any miraculous interposition which will be recognized as such....The great work of Christians, in the meantime, is to labor for their conversion. In this they are undoubtedly authorized to look for a considerable measure of success, though it be admitted that the bulk of the nation is not to be converted till after their restoration; for it is only upon the coming together of bone to his bone that the Spirit of life comes into them, and they stand up an exceeding great army." 1535: 1469: 1246:. The names included the US Chief Justice, Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Chair of the House Foreign Relations Committee, and several other congressmen, Rockefeller, Morgan and famous industrialists. It read, in part: "Why shall not the powers which under the treaty of Berlin, in 1878, gave Bulgaria to the Bulgarians and Servia to the Servians now give Palestine back to the Jews? ... These provinces, as well as Romania, Montenegro, and Greece, were wrested from the Turks and given to their natural owners. Does not Palestine as rightfully belong to the Jews?" 2135:, puts forward the case that the return of the Jews to the Holy Land is a fulfilment of scriptural prophecy, and that Christians should support the existence of the Jewish State (although not unconditionally its actions) on theological grounds. He also argues that prophecies spoken about Israel relate specifically to Israel (not to the church, as in "replacement theology"). However, he criticises Dispensationalism, which he says is a largely American movement holding similar views. Pawson was spurred to write this book by the work of 2080:, which resulted in its republication in a briefer form. On 9 July 2012, the Anglican General Synod passed a motion affirming support for the Ecumenical Accompaniment Programme in Palestine and Israel (EAPPI). This was criticised by the Board of Deputies claiming the Synod 'has chosen to promote an inflammatory and partisan programme'. The advocated group was simultaneously criticised for its publication of a call for sit-ins at Israeli Embassies, the hacking of government websites to promote its message, and support for the 476: 1408: 5900: 962:. In the letter he stated "I recommend you, Napoleon, to call on the Jewish people to join your conquest in the East, to your mission to conquer the land of Israel" saying, "Their riches do not console them for their hardships. They await with impatience the epoch of their re-establishment as a nation." Dr. Milka Levy-Rubin, a curator at the National Library of Israel, has attributed Corbet's motivation to a Protestant Zionism based on premillennialist themes. 2191: 1375:. Hechler was instrumental in aiding Herzl through his diplomatic activities, and may, in that sense, be called the founder of modern Christian Zionism. When it came to mark the twenty-fifth anniversary of Herzl's death, it was noted by the editors of the English-language memorial volume that William Hechler would prove "not only the first, but the most constant and the most indefatigable of Herzl's followers". 1265: 1395:, famously stated that "His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people." As noted by Philip Alexander, "A crucial ingredient in Balfour's Zionism his Christian belief or, to put it a little more subtly, his Christian formation. The most persuasive advocate of this thesis is the Canadian historian Donald Lewis in his 2010 monograph, 761:(including the Kabbalah) predicted a Jewish return to Palestine, with the rebuilding of Jerusalem in the late 19th century and the erection of the Third Temple in the 20th or 21st century, leading to the end of the world no later than 2060. Much of these private writings were embarrassing to his supporters who sought to uphold him as a man of reason and science against 602:'s Council of War in January 1649 for Jewish readmission: the petition hoped, "That this Nation of England, with the inhabitants of the Netherlands, shall be the first and the readiest to transport Israel's sons and daughters on their ships to the land promised to their forefathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob for an everlasting inheritance." Their 1428:. The Pro-Palestine Federation, a Christian pro-Zionist organization which was founded in 1930, called for the promotion of "goodwill and esteem between Jews and non-Jews" and it also called for the British government to adhere to the terms of its Mandate for Palestine, which pledged support for the establishment of a Jewish national home. 3548:

The publication of the Scofield Bible, which included commentary in the margins that reflected the teachings of Christian Zionism, contributed to its popularity among Christians, including evangelicals. Christian Zionism found a home among many Christians, even those who were themselves anti-Semitic.

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p.vii: "The alliance that many born-again Christians offer to Israel and the Jewish people is astonishing to many Jews. Bible-believing Christians are the last people whom Jews expect to love, defend, and even idealize them. Polls have shown just how much the Jewish community distrusts them. In 2004,

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Such activism, it should be noted, was in many ways distinct from the prophetic speculation about the State of Israel that exploded after the 1967 Six-Day War (even as it had somewhat common theological and hermeneutical antecedents). This activism includes the wildly popular writings of the American

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Christian Zionism was never a fundamental or integral element in evangelical thinking. It was a peripheral movement which grew among some evangelicals, but also other Christians in Europe during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Among its luminaries are Reverend John Darby and Cyrus Scofield.

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in 1904, arranged by the Austrian Count Berthold Dominik Lippay, seeking out the position of the Catholic Church on Herzl's prospective project for the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. Pope Pius X stated "We cannot prevent the Jews from going to Jerusalem—but we could never sanction it.

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were among a number of proponents of both the importance and significance of a Jewish return to Israel. However Spurgeon averred of dispensationalism: "It is a mercy that these absurdities are revealed one at a time, in order that we may be able to endure their stupidity without dying of amazement".

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Christian schools of doctrine which consider other teachings to counterbalance these doctrines, or which interpret them in terms of distinct eschatological theories, are less conducive to Christian Zionism. Among the many texts which address this subject in counterbalance are the words of Jesus, as

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According to the Pew Research survey in 2003, more than 60% of the Evangelical Christians and about 50% of Blacks agreed that the existence of Israel fulfilled biblical prophecy. About 55% of poll respondents said that the Bible was the biggest influence for supporting Israel which is 11 times the

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Late-19th-century non-messianic restorationism was largely driven by concern over the fate of the Jews of the Russian Empire, beset by poverty and by deadly, government-inspired pogroms. It was widely accepted that western nations did not wish to receive Jewish immigrants. Restorationism was a way

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that the Lord Jesus will come in person to introduce the millennial age, when Israel shall be restored to their own land, and the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord; and that this personal and premillennial advent is the blessed hope set before us in the Gospel for which we should be

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missionary Jacob Gartenhaus, himself a convert from Judaism, argued that "Zionism is going to win whether anybody likes it or not...To oppose it is to oppose God's plan." But for the most part, such beliefs did not translate into political action on behalf of the movement in this era. One slight

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devoted an issue of its newsletter to Christian Zionism, describing the ongoing seizure of additional Palestinian lands by Israeli militants as illegal, noting that in some churches under the influence of Christian Zionism the "congregations 'adopt' illegal Israeli settlements, sending funds to

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Many new evangelicals adhered to dispensationalism or at least, they adhered to beliefs which were inspired by it—most especially, they adhered to the dispensationalist understanding that Jews remained in a special covenantal relationship with God. Most important to the development of Christian

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where participants included leaders of many Christian communities. Resolutions of sympathy for the oppressed Jews living in Russia were passed, but Blackstone was convinced that such resolutions—even though passed by prominent men—were insufficient. He advocated strongly for the resettlement of

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Baptist who split time between pulpits in Fort Worth, Texas, and Detroit, Michigan. While Norris did not organize lobbying efforts in the way that the ACPC did, he did preach to his followers that it was their Christian duty to support the Zionist cause and wrote President Truman in support of

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The dispensationalist theology of John Nelson Darby is often claimed to be a significant awakener of American Christian Zionism. He first distinguished the hopes of the Jews and that of the church and gentiles in a series of 11 evening lectures in Geneva in 1840. His lectures were immediately

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In the decades leading up to the establishment of Israel in 1948, the most prominent and politically active American Christian supporters of Zionism were liberal and mainline Protestants whose support for the movement was often unrelated to their interpretation of the Bible. These Christian

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God the Father, Almighty, chose the ancient nation and people of Israel, the descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, to reveal His plan of redemption for the world. They remain elect of God, and without the Jewish nation His redemptive purposes for the world will not be completed.

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public discourse in the 1830s, though British Reformationists had written about the restoration of the Jews as early as the 16th century, and the idea had strong support among Puritans. Not all such attitudes were favorable towards the Jews; they were shaped in part by a variety of

1191:. In it he denounced "the thralldom and oppression which has so long ground them (the Jews) to the dust," and called for "elevating" the Jews "to a rank of honorable repute among the nations of the earth" by allowing restoring the Jews to the land of Israel where the bulk would be 1094:

We look forward, then, for these two things. I am not going to theorize upon which of them will come first — whether they shall be restored first, and converted afterwards — or converted first and then restored. They are to be restored and they are to be converted,

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was left for a brief time without a government. The ongoing weakness of the Ottoman Empire made some in the west consider the potential of a Jewish state in the Holy Land. A number of important figures within the British government advocated such a plan, including

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in New York as a way station on the way to the Holy Land, won widespread Christian backing for his project. Likewise, restorationist theology was among the inspirations for the first American missionary activity in the Middle East and for mapping the Holy Land.

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at its 2004 General Synod found "the ideology of Christian Zionism and the extreme form of dispensationalism that undergirds it to be a distortion of the biblical message noting the impediment it represents to achieving a just peace in Israel/Palestine." The

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he idea of the Jews returning to their ancient homeland as the first step to world redemption seems to have originated among a specific group of evangelical English Protestants that flourished in England in the 1840s; they passed this notion on to Jewish

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believed that the creation of Israel in 1948 was a fulfillment of biblical prophecy that would bring about Christ's return and more than 50% of Evangelical Christians believed that they support Israel because it is important for fulfilling the prophecy.

658:(a close associate of John Dury), about the importance of the theories, showing an early interplay between 17th century Jewish and Protestant proto-Zionism. Other Continental Protestant millennialists enthused by La Peyrère's theories were the Germans 4741:

He is not a real Jew who is one outwardly by descent from Jacob. Nor is true circumcision something external and physical. He is a Jew who is one inwardly, that is by faith in Jesus. And real circumcision is a matter of the heart, spiritual and not

2327:" (an exegesis which prefers a literalist historicalism above allegorical or moral speculation) but syncretised this with Christian elements which would include a Jewish conversion in the end times. In addition to this he referenced the medieval 1665:

Christian believers are instructed by Scripture to acknowledge the Hebraic roots of their faith and to actively assist and participate in the plan of God for the Ingathering of the Jewish People and the Restoration of the nation of Israel in our

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in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1981, Falwell said: "To stand against Israel is to stand against God. We believe that history and scripture prove that God deals with nations in relation to how they deal with Israel." They cite part of the blessing of

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also anticipated a future return of Jews to their homeland. In 1808, Asa McFarland, a Presbyterian, voiced the opinion of many that the fall of the Ottoman Empire was imminent and would bring about Jewish restoration. One David Austin of

1061:, Christian lobbying for the restoration of the Jews preceded the publication of the Scofield Reference Bible (first published by OUP, 1909) by over a century, and many Christian Zionists and Christian Zionist organizations such as the 5100: 1424:

supporters of Zionism viewed Palestine as a needed safe haven for Jews who were fleeing from intensifying persecution in Europe and they frequently believed that their support of the movement was part of a broader effort at

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WEDGWOOD FAVORS JEWISH HOME LAND; Sees in Palestine Restoration Plan the Final Solution of the Eastern Problem. COMES HERE TO ADVOCATE IT Hopes Ambassadors from the New State Will Be in Every National Capital of the World;

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occurred, with a similar focus on advocacy for the restoration of the Jews to Israel. As the demise of the Ottoman Empire appeared to be approaching, the advocacy of restorationism increased. At the same time, the visit of

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when asked to give a 'thermometer rating' of their feelings towards groups of people... Jews gave evangelicals a frigid average rating of twenty-four degrees. More than one-third of them (37%) rated evangelicals at zero!"

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At first you will see prayer as a ladder, then as a book which you read, and finally, as you advance further and further, you will see it as the heavenly Jerusalem, the city of the King of Hosts, Who is together with His

388:, specifically claiming that the Jews would be converted to Christianity in the end times and reorientating attention to Palestine as a central theatre. This view came to be taken up strongly by English Puritans (such as 2075:

In the United Kingdom, the Church of Scotland, despite its Restorationist history, has recently been critical of Zionism in general, and in turn has received strong criticism over the perceived injustice of its report,

4987:"Church of Scotland: Jews do not have a right to the land of Israel A new church report challenging Jewish historic claims and criticizing Zionism has drawn anger and harsh condemnation from the local Jewish community" 235:

views which included a return of the Jews to Palestine (converted to Christianity or otherwise). More generally, Luther had hoped that the Jews would convert to his brand of Christianity once he had broken with the

1788:, head of the church in the Middle East, reiterated that the people were his concern in Jerusalem, not the stones." Not a worldly kingdom, not an earthly Jerusalem is sought after, but the focus is on the 1584:" invasion before realizing their miraculous deliverance and converting to Christianity. Their lives would be spared the great fire that God will put upon Russia and people of the "coastlands." And, per 1970:

t is the conviction of most biblical scholars that the Old Testament contains no description of the restoration of Israel to its ancient homeland which can apply to the Jewish people of the present age.

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It is reprehensible that generations of Jewish peoples have been killed and persecuted in the name of our Lord, and we challenge the Church to repent of any sins of commission or omission against them.

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and some of the German states. They sought out Jewish communities and inquired about their readiness to accept Christ, and separately, their preparedness to return to Israel as prophesied in the Bible.

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playing the most powerful role in world governance: all working towards the Second Coming. La Peyrère closely followed the developments of Oliver Cromwell's Dissenter regime and dreamed of overthrowing

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invited "all the Jews of Asia and Africa to gather under his flag in order to re-establish the ancient Jerusalem." Although Bonaparte himself was secular and the idea an early example of pragmatic

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Some Christian Zionists interpret the prophetic texts as describing inevitable future events, and these events primarily involve Israel (taken to mean the descendants of the Biblical patriarch

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Political Zionism and Christian Zionism are biblically anathema to the Christian faith. rue Israel today is neither Jews nor Israelis, but believers in the Messiah, even if they are gentiles.

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viewed the Zionist movement as at least a partial fulfillment of biblical prophecy or they viewed it as a modern fulfillment of God's covenantal promises to the Jewish people. In the 1930s,

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Christian Perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, p. 131, Wesley Haddon Brown, Peter F. Penner, 2008, 11, "Western Restorationism and Christian Zionism: Germany as a Case Study

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in any political form: "he Eastern Orthodox Church upheld a historic lack of emphasis on pilgrimage, insisting that the land of promise was not Palestine but the Kingdom of God. Thus,

1729: 6856: 3531: 197: 5405: 729:, due to his comment that "I have longed after some trading with the Jews themselves, for whose hard measure I fear the nations and England have yet a score to pay." Some important 823:). Although marginal at first, a religious underground was slowly growing from the 1730s which would eventually spout a second wave of Protestant Zionism and with it the birth of 151:. Polling and academic research have suggested a trend of widespread distrust among Jews towards the motives of Evangelical Protestants, which have been promoting support for the 1331:

on a mission to report on the condition of the Jews in Palestine. Their report was widely published. They traveled through France, Greece, and Egypt, and from Egypt, overland to

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and came to cultural prominence. It was among these new evangelicals that the contemporary movement that most commonly associated with the term "Christian Zionism" originated.

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for charitable individuals to assist oppressed Jews without actually accepting them as neighbors and fellow-citizens. In this, Restorationism was not unlike the efforts of the

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in 1878, which issued a 14-point proclamation (relying on Luke 12:35–40, 17:26–30, 18:8 Acts 15:14–17, 2 Thessalonians 2:3–8, 2 Timothy 3:1–5, and Titus 1:11–15), including:

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Valley of vision: or, The dry bones of Israel revived: an attempted proof, from Ezekiel, chap. xxxvii, 1–14, of the restoration and conversion of the Jews, George Bush, 1844

2205: 4608: 4360: 7105: 5561: 4986: 4827:"The building of settlements in the occupied territories has always been illegal under international law and an obstacle to peace." Avi Shlaim, "A Betrayal of History" in 859:; inspired by the Pietists and Zinzendorf's Moravians; also promoted a Jewish return to Palestine with Charles Wesley even authoring a hymn dedicated to it. The Baptist, 2815:

Berlet, Chip, and Nikhil Aziz. "Culture, Religion, Apocalypse, and Middle East Foreign Policy," IRC Right Web, Silver City, NM: Interhemispheric Resource Center, 2003,

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learned upon his visit to Palestine in 1889 that Herzl had been considering Uganda and Argentina as possible sites for the Jewish homeland mmediately, he sent Herzl a

847:, linking the theory to Palestine, changing the Moravian liturgy to include a prayer "to restore the tribe of Judah in its time and bless its first fruits among us." 586:, saw Jewish re-entry to England as a step on the path to their eventual return to Palestine (all tied up within a millennialist eschatology, which would hasten the 6851: 1901:

which were associated with Jesus Christ if they should ever fall under the governance of such a state. By the mid-19th century, relations between the Vatican and

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that strongly support Israel for religious reasons, and there are tens of millions more Christians who identify as Christian Zionists outside the United States.

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Charles Wesley's hymn, published in 1762 and included by John Wesley in his 1780 hymn-book, A Collection of Hymns for the use of the People called Methodists"

5010: 75: 6149: 5734: 1353: 156: 6878: 6452: 2400: 5140: 1519:. American evangelicalism itself underwent significant changes in the years surrounding Israel's birth, as a "new" evangelicalism led by figures like 7894: 3396: 2096:) or Judah (taken to mean the remaining faithful adherents of Judaism). These prophecies are seen as requiring the presence of a Jewish state in the 722: 1456:

Zionist claims to Palestine in 1947 and 1948. Norris also loosely coordinated with the ACPC, at times publishing their materials in his periodical,

1233:. On November 24–25, 1890, Blackstone organized the Conference on the Past, Present and Future of Israel at the First Methodist Episcopal Church in 819:, rather than entertaining millennialist fantasies based on the Hebrew Old Testament (though Jews themselves enjoyed significant toleration in the 7294: 6238: 3107:(in Dutch). Translated by van Zetten, Frans. Amsterdam: Olympus, Amstel Publishers. pp. 205, 208, 221, 235, 246, 270, 280, 284, 317, 323–325. 698: 124:"passed this notion on to Jewish circles" around the 1840s, while Jewish nationalism in the early 19th century was largely met with hostility from 954:-government, engaged in revolutionary activities against the British and served in the French Army. In February 1790, he authored a letter to the 7169: 6538: 6233: 6179: 6169: 4726: 3639:

The foreign policy of Palmerston, 1830–1841: Britain, the liberal movement and the Eastern question, Charles Kingsley Webster, Pub. G. Bell, 1951

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endorsed Restoration because he recognized that Jews fleeing Russian pogroms required a refuge, and preferred Palestine for sentimental reasons.

5899: 1053:), English (1841), German and Dutch (1847) and so his teachings began their global journey. Some dispensationalists, like Arno Gabelein, whilst 918:

decreeing in December 1789 that non-Catholics were eligible for all civil and military positions, the Revolutionary government in France made a

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A Match Made in Heaven: American Jews, Christian Zionists, and One Man's Exploration of the Weird and Wonderful Judeo-Evangelical Alliance.

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in November 2007 approved a resolution for further study which stated that the "theological stance of Christian Zionism adversely affects:

1137: 554:(they had been banned from the country since the 13th century). Sadler, Cromwell's secretary, even argued that the British were one of the 5400: 2045:

bolster the defense of these armed colonies." As of September 2007, churches in the US that have criticized Christian Zionism include the

6543: 3884: 2235: 1914: 4875: 7363: 6866: 4628: 3968: 2011: 1708: 4496: 1880:, therefore we cannot recognize the Jewish people." After Herzl explained that his reasoning behind the project for the creation of a 7757: 7276: 6533: 6253: 3867: 3666:

Millennial Expectations and Jewish Liberties: A Study of the Efforts to Convert the Jews in Britain, Up to the Mid Nineteenth Century

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in 1904. The Pope explained that the Catholic Church could not theologically endorse Zionism and control of Holy Places in Jerusalem.

1629: 1062: 1057:, opposed Zionism as a movement born in self-confidence and unbelief. While dispensationalism had considerable influence through the 741:

either held views associated with premillennial restorationists, or moved closely in their circles: this applies particularly to Sir

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was a strong proponent of the restoration of the Jews to Palestine. An author of numerous works, his most notable in this regard was

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Millenarianism and Messianism in Early Modern European Culture Volume IV: Continental Millenarians: Protestants, Catholics, Heretics

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as a national homeland for the Jews was first heard among self-identified Christian groups in the 1580s following the Protestant

4609:"The Vatican, American Catholics and the Struggle for Palestine, 1917-1958: A Study of Cold War Roman Catholic Transnationalism" 4441:

Rammy Haija. "The Armageddon Lobby: Dispensationalist Christian Zionism and the Shaping of US Policy Towards Israel-Palestine."

3652:, "British Projects for the Restoration of Jews to Palestine," American Jewish Historical Society, Publications 26, 1918 p. 140 777:

since 1967. Spinoza for his part, although Jewish himself, moved in circles in the Netherlands which included Petrus Serrarius,

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was not a religious statement, but interest in secular land for national independence, Pope Pius X replied "Does it have to be

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and other prominent Jewish nationalists, as Regina Sharif has so persuasively argued, there had already existed a significant

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and the rebirth of the nation of Israel are in fulfilment of biblical prophecies, as written in both Old and New Testaments.

1192: 915: 3653: 3306: 3226:. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Vol. 91. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. pp. 171–188. 7782: 7233: 7192: 7187: 6218: 5497: 4218: 3128: 1932: 1765: 863:, who moved in similar circles to the Wesleys, authored works expressing similar views. By 1771, the Evangelical minister, 835:, a mystical and often millennialist take on Lutheranism, which prophesied the "conversion of the Jews and the fall of the 1643:

The Third International Christian Zionist Congress, held in Jerusalem in February 1996, issued a proclamation which said:

7121: 7048: 4289:"A "Practical Outlet" to Premillennial Faith: G. Douglas Young and the Evolution of Christian Zionist Activism in Israel" 2255: 2215: 2210: 2148: 1425: 551: 4524: 1769: 6924: 6919: 6896: 5676: 5618: 5502: 4404: 4271: 4246: 2776: 1516: 1502: 923: 535: 421: 4852: 7345: 7327: 6901: 6438: 5781: 5604: 5590: 5554: 5524: 5505:. "The Armageddon Lobby: Dispensationalist Christian Zionism and the Shaping of US Policy Towards Israel-Palestine." 5465: 5196: 5110: 4346: 4161: 4058: 4025: 3853: 3778: 3466: 2973: 2874: 2756: 2618: 2081: 2072:), criticizes both the underlying theology behind Christian Zionism as well as its negative influence on the church. 2068: 487:

During the late Tudor and early Stuart period, these Puritans remained outsiders in England and bitterly opposed the

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justice and peace in the Middle East, delaying the day when Israelis and Palestinians can live within secure borders

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wrote, "I really wish the Jews again in Judea an independent nation", and believed that they would gradually become

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Sermon preached 17th November 1839, after returning from a "Mission of Inquiry into the State of the Jewish People"

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The government of Israel has given official encouragement to Christian Zionism, allowing the establishment of the

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to interpret the scriptures in their own ways, in a manner which was not entirely reflective of either medieval

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Rethinking Sir Moses Montefiore: Religion, Nationhood, and International Philanthropy in the Nineteenth Century

3734: 3527: 2527: 1959: 1357: 1180: 95: 3180:"The first Christian Zionist? Secret writings by Isaac Newton reveal his views on the Jewish return to Israel" 1835: 1613: 7858: 7736: 6952: 6564: 6124: 6049: 6034: 5749: 5078: 4558: 2523: 1944: 1906: 1145: 982: 974: 5251:"Half of evangelicals support Israel because they believe it is important for fulfilling end-times prophecy" 3914: 1103:

as well as sundry French, German and American economic interests. In 1831 the Ottomans were driven from the

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for the restoration of the Jews, in a petition signed by 413 prominent Americans, that became known as the

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to power in Britain and the ascent of the Enlightenment, much of the 18th century mainstream elite adopted

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Churchill's Promised Land: Zionism and Statecraft, By Michael Makovsky, Yale University Press, 2007, p. 68

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during the Commonwealth. Several of his closest advisors held Philo-Semitic millennialist religious views.

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Christians Standing with Israel: Support Israel, What is a Christian Zionist? Stand Against Anti-Semitism

5729: 4871: 4084:"The American Christian Palestine Committee, the Holocaust, and Mainstream Protestant Zionism, 1938–1948" 3704:

Allies for Armageddon: The Rise of Christian Zionism, Victoria Clark, Yale University Press, 2007, p. 111

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to the United States catalyzed a new movement. Darby was the founder of a theological framework known as

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undercurrent came to have a direct influence on politics. A number of Cromwell's close advisors, such as

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in 1652. Serrarius ended up being the main supporter among Protestants in Amsterdam of the message that

7884: 7879: 7797: 7605: 7483: 7404: 6399: 6364: 6134: 6074: 6024: 5889: 4788: 4492: 3565:"Sermon preached in June 1864 for the British Society for the Propagation of the Gospel among the Jews" 2549:

Clash of Modernities: The Making and Unmaking of the New Jew, Turk, and Arab and the Islamist Challenge

2265: 2036: 1877: 947: 774: 725:

that he founded has been citied as a proto-Zionist in speeches by later Jewish Zionist leaders such as

491:-dominated Anglican Church (though the Presbyterians, who held very similar views, had established the 241: 144: 5223:"He was the head of Christians United for Israel. Now he's running as a Jewish candidate for Congress" 4714: 3406: 2307:

due to his reliance on later rabbinical Jewish commentators, external to Christian tradition, for his

2024:

relationships with Muslims, since it treats the rights of Muslims as subordinate to the rights of Jews

1651:

Jesus of Nazareth is the Messiah and has promised to return to Jerusalem, to Israel and to the world.

1577: 990:

spent his fortune building docks and inns from which the Jews could embark to the Holy Land. In 1825,

769:

inherited his scientific papers, they refused to take these private ones. Many of these, collected by

256:", with no special privileges or role based on ancestral descent (in later times this has been called 7716: 7544: 7243: 6957: 6823: 6772: 6637: 6278: 6159: 4970: 4396: 4390: 3649: 2668: 2260: 2120:, "the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a nation producing the fruits of it". 2050: 1324: 1309: 1222: 1082: 927: 875: 824: 762: 278:, or, the views of the early Protestant leaders themselves. Coupled with this was a general cultural 5510: 4810: 3344: 3006: 2104:. This requirement is sometimes interpreted as being fulfilled by the contemporary state of Israel. 7838: 7721: 7691: 6461: 6064: 5879: 5869: 5181: 4837:(New York: The New Press 2002) at 45–50, 48. The author is professor of international relations at 3803:

On Behalf of Israel; American Fundamentalist Attitudes toward Jews, Judaism, and Zionism, 1865–1945

2816: 2404: 2225: 1632:

in 1980. The embassy has raised funds to help finance Jewish immigration to Israel from the former

1534: 1452: 1363:

An important, though often neglected, figure in British support of the restoration of the Jews was

1108: 1058: 1036: 734: 659: 583: 295: 51: 5517:

Biblical interpretation and Middle East policy: the promised land, America, and Israel, 1917–2002.

3826: 3630:, Isaiah. Friedman, Transaction Publishers, 1992, see Chapter 1 with a summary in the Introduction 2381:"The New Christian Right's relations with Israel and with the American Jews: the mid-1970s onward" 1931:, the Catholic Church was forthright in its international lobbying against Zionism (including the 1697: 7090: 6069: 6029: 4925: 4669: 2840: 2663:(illustrated, reprint). The Schusterman Series in Israel Studies. Translated by Berris, Anthony. 2531: 2054: 2046: 1905:

were fairly collegial; by that time, the Muslim Ottomans permitted the Vatican to work among the

1121: 895: 766: 730: 520: 429: 361: 245: 183: 5473:

The Origins of Christian Zionism: Lord Shaftesbury and Evangelical Support for a Jewish Homeland

3964:

The origins of Christian Zionism: Lord Shaftesbury and evangelical support for a Jewish homeland

3219: 2965: 2938: 2749:

The Origins of Christian Zionism: Lord Shaftesbury And Evangelical Support For A Jewish Homeland

1947:

in 1993 and this was a recognition of political and civic reality, not a theological statement.

1670:

Popular interest in Christian Zionism was given a boost around the year 2000 in the form of the

7818: 7731: 7471: 7454: 7312: 7159: 6962: 6814: 6495: 6414: 6129: 4567: 4537: 2710: 2495:. England of the seventeenth century was, in Carlyle's own words, an England of 'awful devout 2230: 2101: 1928: 1909:

in Palestine and they also permitted the Vatican to access the Holy Places quite freely so the

1822: 1785: 1617: 1411: 1367:(1845–1931), an English clergyman of German descent who was Chaplain of the British Embassy in 995: 987: 860: 579: 433: 302:, often naming their children Abraham, Cain, Jeremiah, Zachary, Daniel, Sampson, and the like. 106: 4583: 3892: 1867:, the secular Jewish founder of modern political Zionism, had an audience in the Vatican with 1595:

Examples of Protestant leaders who combined political conservatism with Christian Zionism are

1128:(1854), there was an opportunity for political rearrangements in the Near East. In July 1853, 7777: 7726: 7466: 7449: 7322: 7253: 7228: 7004: 6584: 6548: 6500: 6164: 6119: 5774: 4673: 4663: 3326: 3179: 2781: 2584: 2544: 1976: 1567: 1468: 1112: 1015: 919: 816: 738: 629:) family was also a significant 17th century progenitor, with influence on both sides of the 555: 322: 232: 2835: 651: 606:

toleration in England was informally achieved by 1655 to 1656 and was not rolled back after

325:

to teach at the prestigious universities of Cambridge and Oxford. These two men forwarded a

7686: 7600: 7579: 7559: 7514: 7424: 7337: 7074: 7009: 6779: 6659: 6624: 6419: 6394: 6104: 6054: 4951: 4484: 2508: 2492: 1281: 991: 869: 516: 306: 208: 110: 37:"Memorandum to the Protestant Powers of the North of Europe and America", published in the 7038: 4219:"Northern Ireland's Protestants and Catholics Adopt Israeli, Palestinian Flags as Symbols" 3864: 3815:

The Untold Story. The Role of Christian Zionists in the Establishment of Modern-day Israel

3436: 1288:

Ideas favoring the restoration of the Jews in Palestine or the Land of Israel entered the

8: 7711: 7529: 7519: 7154: 7149: 7079: 7025: 7014: 6846: 6689: 6359: 6243: 6228: 5986: 5926: 5859: 5305: 5255: 4545: 3564: 3518: 2503:, but distorted by the effort to apply the ethics, laws and manners of the Old Testament 2196: 2027: 1747: 1392: 1243: 1184: 840: 750: 733:

who acted a bridge between the millennialist sectarians of their day and the approaching

647: 547: 271: 140: 139:, Christian Zionism asserts a parallel idea that the returnees ought to be encouraged to 79: 3264: 2641:

Proceedings of the World Congress of Jewish Studies: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1993

614: 7752: 7639: 7612: 7534: 7524: 7459: 7271: 7069: 6741: 6223: 6184: 5864: 5640: 5557: 5343: 5141:"A sizeable US demographic, many Evangelicals are sending money and manpower to Israel" 4917: 4665:

Anxious for Armageddon: A Call to Partnership for Middle Eastern and Western Christians

4521: 4316: 4111: 4083: 3401: 3159: 2958: 2512: 2426: 2300: 2240: 2066:, by Porter Speakman Jr. and Kevin Miller (the latter of whom also co-created the film 1789: 1761: 1316: 1011: 943: 706: 607: 567: 492: 291: 283: 275: 248:, Luther and Calvin saw the Christian Church as being the "spiritual Israel" and since 216: 168: 3285: 3052: 7554: 7304: 7286: 7238: 7164: 6982: 6972: 6647: 6579: 6505: 6490: 6485: 6354: 6213: 6189: 5991: 5936: 5672: 5658: 5614: 5600: 5586: 5550: 5535: 5520: 5490: 5487:

A Short History of Christian Zionism from the Reformation to the Twenty-First Century

5476: 5461: 5432: 5419: 5347: 5335: 5327: 5319: 5127:"Video: The Christian Right and the Shaping of American Policies in Israel/Palestine" 5106: 4838: 4677: 4571: 4455: 4400: 4342: 4320: 4308: 4267: 4242: 4200: 4190: 4167: 4157: 4115: 4103: 4064: 4054: 4031: 4021: 3982: 3972: 3936: 3931: 3849: 3784: 3774: 3730: 3616: 3602:

Sermon preached June 1864 to London Society for promoting Christianity among the Jews

3489: 3462: 3235: 3108: 2969: 2870: 2844: 2752: 2714: 2706: 2672: 2614: 2564: 2464: 2430: 2418: 2335:, though drew from him to a lesser extent than the others. Bucer owned a copy of the 2114: 1955: 1917:, the Vatican advocated the position that Jerusalem should be treated as a separate " 1589: 1556: 1443: 1350:

The Land of Israel According to the Covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob

1269: 1239: 1157: 1066: 1032: 1028: 1007: 935: 911: 798: 718: 563: 500: 449: 345: 326: 4428: 2580: 1893:

While it rejected a theological basis for Zionism outright, a major concern for the

7802: 7696: 7569: 6757: 6404: 6374: 6344: 6324: 6089: 5941: 5916: 5908: 5767: 5735:

Christian Zionism and Its Religious Arguments to Create Conflict, Strategic Outlook

5309: 4700: 4300: 4154:

God's rascal : J. Frank Norris & the beginnings of Southern fundamentalism

4095: 3926: 3846:

A Narrative of a Mission of Inquiry to the Jews from the Church of Scotland in 1839

3227: 2450: 2408: 2346: 2316: 1681: 1489: 1255: 1229:, which took up the restorationist cause. His book was translated and published in 1070: 1023: 955: 804: 655: 626: 475: 441: 401: 200: 20: 5314: 5291: 3885:"Reverend William H. Hechler—The Christian minister who legitimized Theodor Herzl" 2507:, a people that lived in the Middle East more than two thousand years earlier, to 2100:, the central part of the lands promised to the Biblical patriarch Abraham in the 1099:

The crumbling of the Ottoman Empire threatened the British route to India via the

7848: 7843: 7792: 7622: 7504: 7488: 7478: 7444: 7317: 7202: 7064: 7033: 6996: 6804: 6767: 6762: 6699: 6510: 6099: 6019: 5946: 5745: 5409: 3871: 3833: 3749: 3724: 3483: 2823: 2700: 2658: 2392: 2337: 1940: 1860: 1777: 1714: 1616:, "Those who curse you will be cursed, and those who bless you will be blessed." 1604: 1485: 1364: 1340: 1198: 970: 902:

was one of the first British politicians to seriously endorse a Jewish return to

844: 812: 778: 726: 702: 691: 630: 591: 512: 480: 465: 354: 334: 329:

which included an important role for the Jews, converted to Christianity, in the

257: 237: 152: 3231: 1511:, the most prominent American Christian supporters of Israel have come from the 1507:

In the decades since the establishment of Israel, and especially since the 1967

1272:, the British struggled to balance sympathies for Jews and Arabs. Some, such as 1201:

expressed the idea in a poem, "Clarel; A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land":

368:." In response, a number of these Puritans and Presbyterians spent some time in 16:

Belief among some Protestant Christians that Jews should return to the Holy Land

7833: 7706: 7617: 7263: 7220: 6784: 6664: 6652: 6369: 6303: 6298: 5931: 5809: 4463: 3286:"Exposition of the Old and New Testament, Deuteronomy 30 verse 5, by John Gill" 3091:

Jewish Christians and Christian Jews: From the Renaissance to the Enlightenment

2920: 2611:

Living in the Shadow of the Second Coming: American Premillennialism, 1875–1982

2552: 2171: 2132: 2018: 1872:

The soil of Jerusalem, if it was not always sacred, has been sanctified by the

1685: 1559: 1547: 1512: 1473: 1384: 1298: 1289: 1104: 1074: 1054: 1003: 852: 828: 820: 794: 770: 746: 714: 701:

continued to have a deeper cultural legacy in society. As well as John Cotton,

687: 679: 599: 508: 445: 437: 425: 417: 413: 384: 262: 148: 136: 121: 67: 39: 5739: 4204: 1407: 1187:

and the cousin of an ancestor of the Presidents Bush, published a book titled

252:, the covenant with God as being with faithful Christians exclusively as the " 7873: 7853: 7665: 6334: 6283: 6273: 5971: 5956: 5921: 5854: 5839: 5625:

Zion's Call: Christian Contributions to the Origins and Development of Israel

5566: 5542: 5375: 5339: 5323: 4690: 4312: 4304: 4171: 4107: 4068: 4035: 3986: 3940: 3814: 2654: 2576: 2500: 2422: 2312: 2275: 2136: 1936: 1873: 1864: 1848: 1600: 1596: 1543: 1524: 1481: 1432: 1372: 1019: 939: 903: 808: 671: 622: 587: 575: 571: 527: 524: 469: 457: 453: 373: 357: 299: 253: 224: 187: 172: 132: 117: 83: 71: 5292:"Zionism and the Hebrew Bible: from religious holiness to national sanctity" 4784: 3836:

by Abigail Green. (The American Historical Review. Vol. 110 No.3.) June 2005

3788: 1636:, and has assisted Zionist groups in establishing Jewish settlements in the 7828: 7823: 7701: 7655: 7632: 7627: 7429: 7043: 6749: 6642: 6574: 6430: 6349: 6339: 6329: 6288: 6084: 6014: 5951: 5834: 5650: 5630: 5530: 4829: 4701:

Zionism, both political and Christian, is incompatible with biblical faith.

4588: 4549: 4541: 4467: 4187:

Between Dixie and Zion : Southern Baptists and Palestine before Israel

3148:"America and Zionism: Statement to The Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry" 2556: 2516: 2342: 2128: 1881: 1633: 1520: 1320: 1273: 1173: 1153: 1078: 742: 638: 461: 397: 393: 389: 378: 318: 249: 125: 19:

For Christians who belong to Zionist denominations in southern Africa, see

5159:"Israel's Current Crisis Exposes Christian Zionism's Contradictory Ideals" 3962: 7564: 7179: 5966: 5961: 5884: 5753: 4563: 4488: 4156:(Paperback ed.). Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. 4099: 3768: 2664: 2499:'. Puritanism meant the invasion of Hebraism as transmitted through the 2320: 1898: 1868: 1852: 1672: 1563: 1508: 1125: 966: 959: 848: 839:

as the prelude of the triumph of the Church." One of Spener's followers,

405: 339: 330: 228: 220: 5394:

Albion and Ariel: British Puritanism and the Birth of Political Zionism.

4241:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 15, 65, 138. 4018:

The fervent embrace : liberal Protestants, evangelicals, and Israel

3163: 3147: 7660: 7595: 7574: 7539: 6079: 6059: 5102:

Islam in the Eyes of the West: Images and Realities in an Age of Terror

4694: 4459: 2496: 2159: 1991: 1793: 1725: 1677: 1539: 1477: 1294: 1169: 1116: 1100: 1086: 683: 594:). Johanna and Ebenezer Cartwright, two Baptists who had spent time in 539: 504: 333:. Early versions of the Bible endorsed by the English monarchy and the 113: 102: 5711:

Between Dixie and Zion: Southern Baptists and Palestine Before Israel.

5458:

Prophecy and Politics: Militant Evangelists on the Road to Nuclear War

5370:

Bible and Sword: England and Palestine from the Bronze Age to Balfour.

4762: 4130: 3459:

Roots of Fundamentalism: British and American Millenarianism 1800–1930

2804:

When Time Shall Be No More: Prophecy Belief in Modern American Culture

2413: 2380: 1876:. As the head of the Church I cannot tell you anything different. The 1492:, sympathy for Israel is frequently expressed by communal flag-flying. 784: 7373: 7355: 6710: 6632: 6308: 6293: 6009: 5981: 5730:

Jewish and Christian Zionists – SAZ – Support Association for Zionism

5683:

Zeal for Zion: Christians, Jews, & the Idea of the Promised Land.

5583:

The End of Days: Fundamentalism and the Struggle for the Temple Mount

5387:

For Zion's Sake: Christian Zionism and the Role of John Nelson Darby.

5363:

More Desired than Our Owne Salvation: The Roots of Christian Zionism.

4536: 2560: 2519: 2460: 2396: 2295:

According to Dick Wursten, a Doctor of Theology from Belgium, in his

2270: 2097: 1886: 1637: 1332: 1264: 856: 642: 595: 531: 59: 5569:. "Christian Zionism The Heresy That Undermines Middle East Peace" ( 5430:

For Zion's Sake: Christian Zionism and the Role of John Nelson Darby

4631:. Council of Centers on Jewish-Christian Relations. 26 January 1904. 2311:(1529). In particular, for his millennialism and views for a future 1620:

has also been cited as a Christian supporter of Israel and Zionism.

881:

Observations upon Prophecies Relating to the Restoration of the Jews

270:

across Europe in the vernacular languages, however, allowed various

135:

since the Reformation. While supporting a mass Jewish return to the

7136: 6799: 6789: 6668: 5399:

5011:"Church of Scotland Thinks Twice, Grants Israel the Right to Exist" 3628:

The Question of Palestine: British-Jewish-Arab Relations, 1914–1918

3523: 3358: 2702:

The Question of Palestine: British-Jewish-Arab Relations, 1914–1918

2526:. But in seventeenth century England it came to be regarded as the 2328: 2304: 1963: 1902: 1894: 1399:, but it has been espoused by a number of other scholars as well." 931: 663: 618: 365: 350: 287: 279: 196: 7120: 5724: 5704:

Covenant Brothers: Evangelicals, Jews, and U.S.-Israeli Relations.

5635:

Power, Faith and Fantasy: America in the Middle East, 1776–Present

1684:. The novels are built around the prophetic role of Israel in the 6139: 6094: 5790: 5690:

Evangelicals and Israel: The Story of American Christian Zionism.

5197:"How CUFI has awakened the 'sleeping giant' of Christian Zionism" 3220:"Some new Light on the Roots of Spinoza's Science of Bible Study" 2837:

Evangelicals and Israel: The Story of American Christian Zionism,

2705:(reprint). Armenian Research Center collection. Judaica history. 2504: 2488: 2190: 2170:

A 2017 LifeWay poll conducted in United States found that 80% of

2017:

relationships with Jews, since Jews are seen as mere pawns in an

1781: 1442:

grew in popularity among conservative American Protestants. Many

1402: 1277: 1234: 1230: 1149: 951: 832: 790: 697:

Although removed from power in England itself, the millennialist

675: 666:) and Paul Felgenhauer. Menasseh Ben Israel himself would author 488: 310: 91: 86:. The term began to be used in the mid-20th century, in place of 5331: 1770:

rejection of millennialism was adopted by the Council of Ephesus

1140:

urging Jewish restoration as a means of stabilizing the region.

360:

viewed these (along with Episcopalianism and the establishment "

6794: 6672: 6154: 5844: 5819: 5814: 4975:. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Board of Publication. p. 535. 4718: 4646: 1753: 1581: 1368: 978: 879:

was promoting a more developed version of these views with his

836: 637:(1643) wrote about a Jewish return to Palestine, predicted the 369: 63: 26:"Christian restorationism" redirects here. For other uses, see 4697:'s sermon "The Place of Israel" (see below) renders similarly: 1360:(1819–1910), who was the first person to photograph the land. 946:

Protestant émigrée who, as a member of the liberal-republican

131:

Christian pro-Zionist ideals have generally been common among

6409: 6114: 6109: 3327:"New exhibition shows letter advising Jewish state in Israel" 3049:"The History of Christian Zionism: The roots of the movement" 3020:

Owen, John "Complete Works", Vol.17. Exercitation 18, p. 560.

2588: 2332: 2093: 1718: 1609: 1336: 267: 3429:"American 'Manifest Destiny' Heads to the Holy Land in 1847" 1463: 994:, a Jew who wanted to found a national home for the Jews on 5804: 5356:

Christian Zionism and English National Identity, 1600–1850.

4004:

Strangers in the land: Blacks, Jews, post-Holocaust America

2078:"The Inheritance of Abraham: A Report on the Promised Land" 973:

was a supporter of Jewish restoration and befriended Rabbi

496: 479:

The Puritans, once a "fringe" faction, came to power under

55: 5759: 2139:, an evangelical Christian who rejects Christian Zionism. 1134:

London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews

6606:

Center for Jewish–Christian Understanding and Cooperation

5697:

An Unusual Relationship: Evangelical Christians and Jews.

2206:

Center for Jewish–Christian Understanding and Cooperation

1740: 1238:

Jewish people in Palestine. In 1891 he lobbied President

1189:

The Valley of Vision; or, The Dry Bones of Israel Revived

598:, held the same view and issued the original petition to 2030:, since it views the world in starkly dichotomous terms" 1414:

was a notable Christian supporter of Israel and Zionism.

1312:

in 1838, the first diplomatic appointment to Palestine.

910:

By the end of the 18th century, in the aftermath of the

5032:"Support work for peace in divided region, Synod urged" 4920:. Global Ministries: a common missional witness of the 1107:(including Palestine) by an expansionist Egypt, in the 177: 5245: 5243: 4968: 4584:

The Way of a Pilgrim and the Pilgrim Continues His Way

4559:

The Way of a Pilgrim and the Pilgrim Continues His Way

2751:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 380. 2010:

relationships with Middle Eastern Christians (see the

1566:, which sought to fit Israel into a dispensationalist 1002:

Most early-19th-century British Restorationists, like

811:, looking back to the culture and philosophies of the 5053:"Board of Deputies statement on the Synod EAPPI vote" 3461:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 336. 2545:"The Anti-Semitic Gaze and the Making of the New Jew" 1691: 5451:

Allies for Armageddon: The Rise of Christian Zionism

4554:

The Way of a Pilgrim and a Pilgrim Continues His Way

4485:"Zionism and the Quest for Justice in the Holy Land" 3915:"Why did Lord Balfour back the Balfour Declaration?" 3204:"Sir Isaac's Jewish writings enter the 21st century" 2186: 376:

and developed a translation of the Bible called the

317:

ruled. This allowed Continental Protestants such as

5240: 4894:"Presbyterian Church group: Zionism is the problem" 3263:. The Wesley Fellowship. 2010-07-01. Archived from 1431:Amidst World War II and their growing awareness of 1354:

a land without a people for a people without a land

1225:was inspired by the conference to publish the book 1152:and the efforts of British abolitionists to create 938:, the Jacobin idea itself may have originated from 785:

Pietism, Evangelicalism, and British foreign policy

4266:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 2957: 2179:people who said church was the biggest influence. 1998:In the United States, the General Assembly of the 1939:had become Zionism's most powerful endorser). The 1752:'the city of God') has nothing to do with 519:and gained complete state power, establishing the 452:), and even some Continental Protestants (such as 223:. The first wave of Protestant leaders, including 162: 4629:"THEODOR HERZL: Audience with Pope Pius X (1904)" 4395:. Grand Rapids: Baker Publishing Group. pp. 3359:"The Rabbi from Hebron and the President of Yale" 958:, then under the leadership of Napoleon's patron 50:is a political and religious ideology that, in a 7871: 7295:Conservative Congregational Christian Conference 6150:Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America 5613:, Mcgill Queens Univ Press, Montreal, Sep 2001. 5533:. "The Ideological Roots of Christian Zionism." 4482: 4006:Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, p. 110. 3805:(New York: Carlson Publishing, 1991), pp. 70–72. 3511:"Palestinian Evangelicals and Christian Zionism" 3307:"This day in history: Napoleon in the Holy Land" 2939:"Revisiting Puritan Names in England, 1550–1600" 2906:"Lovers of Zion: A History of Christian Zionism" 2806:, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992. 2452:Non-Jewish Zionism: Its Roots in Western History 781:and was even directly influenced by La Peyrère. 562:(1649) and thus kindred to the Jews, initiating 382:, which contained footnotes in reference to the 282:among more radical Protestants, as they saw the 7170:General Association of Regular Baptist Churches 6180:International Fellowship of Christians and Jews 6170:Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland 5611:Christian Attitudes Towards the State of Israel 5402:The Theological Background of Christian Zionism 2251:International Fellowship of Christians and Jews 1658:The modern Ingathering of the Jewish People to 1356:. In 1844 he revisited Palestine with his son, 90:, as proponents of the ideology rallied behind 7122:Evangelical Protestantism in the United States 5439:, Paternoster Press, Authentic, Carlisle 2008. 4131:"Jacob Gartenhaus: The Southern Baptists' Jew" 3695:, Littell, Son & Company, 1883, p. 604 ff. 3383:Jonathan Edwards, Works, Apocalyptic Writings, 3342: 3304: 2777:"Power, Faith, and Fantasy by Michael B. Oren" 1403:Between World War I and the 1948 Palestine War 1301:among the classically educated British elite. 1130:Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury 690:but he had significant support throughout the 62:. Likewise, it holds that the founding of the 7106: 6726: 6446: 5775: 4739:It is an amazing statement that Paul makes. ' 3882: 2774: 2491:itself has its organic roots deep within the 2158:, which has 10 million members and is led by 1913:was already workable for them. Following the 1576:, for example, Lindsey anticipated that, per 6611:International Council of Christians and Jews 6460: 5098: 4868:Christian Zionism and Peace in the Holy Land 4051:The politics of Christian Zionism, 1891–1948 3998: 3996: 3817:by Jamie Cowen (Leadership U), July 13, 2002 3770:The politics of Christian Zionism, 1891-1948 3729:. Wayne State University Press. p. 23. 3726:American Consuls in the Holy Land, 1832–1914 2583:. hen an influential U.S. evangelist named 2374: 2372: 2370: 2368: 2366: 1836:Religious anti-Zionism § In Catholicism 7160:Conservative Baptist Association of America 5597:The Politics of Christian Zionism 1891–1948 5282:God's Country: Christian Zionism in America 5129:. Harvard Divinity School. 26 October 2021. 5076: 4189:. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. 3969:Cambridge University Press & Assessment 3096: 2869:. Edinburgh: Banner of Truth. p. 326. 2331:commentator Shlomo Yitzchai, also known as 2236:Groups claiming affiliation with Israelites 2087: 1915:United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine 7364:Christian Reformed Church in North America 7113: 7099: 6733: 6719: 6453: 6439: 6145:Women's International Zionist Organization 5782: 5768: 5547:Christian Zionism: Road map to Armageddon? 5047: 5045: 4833:(February 22, 2002, London), reprinted in 4707:June 6, 2019, at the Wayback Machine 3762: 3760: 3758: 3596: 3381:Stephen J. Stein, editor, "Introduction," 2955: 2949: 2694: 2692: 2401:Centre pour l'Édition Électronique Ouverte 2012:Jerusalem Declaration on Christian Zionism 1709:Jerusalem Declaration on Christian Zionism 1698:Anti-Zionism § Christian anti-Zionism 922:, in competition with Britain. During the 7768:Evangelical and Ecumenical Women's Caucus 7758:Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood 7277:Christian Churches and Churches of Christ 5685:University of North Carolina Press, 2009. 5313: 5284:(University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018). 5099:Ismael, Tareq Y.; Rippin, Andrew (2010). 4851:Weaver, Alain Epp (July–September 2005). 4358: 3993: 3930: 3912: 3663: 3558: 3556: 3481: 3426: 3397:"Of missionary zeal and its consequences" 3394: 3324: 3198: 3196: 3194: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2892: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2770: 2768: 2649: 2647: 2581:non-Jewish Zionist movement within Europe 2515:had up until then been remembered as the 2412: 2378: 2363: 2246:International Christian Embassy Jerusalem 1630:International Christian Embassy Jerusalem 1496: 1464:After the founding of the State of Israel 1418: 1063:International Christian Embassy Jerusalem 192:Christian Zionism in England and Scotland 7895:Christian and Jewish interfaith dialogue 6695:Christian observances of Jewish holidays 5289: 5220: 4448: 3562: 3488:. Oxford University Press. p. 508. 2698: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2147:Tens of millions of Americans belong to 1839: 1533: 1467: 1406: 1263: 965:In New England during the 18th century, 885: 633:. La Peyrère in his millennialist work 474: 440:), Lowland Scots Presbyterians (such as 195: 105:for a Jewish restoration grew after the 32: 7435:Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy 5706:University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019. 5042: 4499:from the original on September 15, 2017 4388: 4151: 4081: 4048: 4015: 3766: 3755: 3693:Persecution of the Jews, The Living Age 3587: 3456: 3320: 3318: 3316: 2964:. Edinburgh: Banner of Truth. pp. 2742: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2689: 2653: 2604: 2602: 2299:(2010), Bucer, a prominent Reformation 1348:recounted the journey in his 1844 book 1260:Christian Zionism in the United Kingdom 1163: 503:, the Puritans filled the ranks of the 7872: 6740: 5725:Christian Zionists – Bridges for Peace 5194: 5169: 4922:Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) 4850: 4661: 4478: 4476: 4286: 4261: 4236: 4184: 4128: 3553: 3508: 3338: 3336: 3217: 3191: 3177: 3102: 3085: 3083: 2883: 2864: 2860: 2858: 2765: 2644: 2542: 2448: 2323:, from whom he shared their sense of " 1383:On 2 November 1917, UK Home Secretary 1378: 1210:Some Christians deemed it then at hand 873:and among the original members of the 827:. This was precipitated in Germany by 621:Calvinist, but came from a Portuguese 372:in the 1560s under Calvin's successor 207:in 1615. This was one of the earliest 43:(Hobart, Tasmania, Australia), in 1841 7094: 6714: 6434: 6254:Timeline of the Arab–Israeli conflict 5763: 5175: 4932:from the original on January 30, 2019 4808: 4623: 4621: 4619: 4603: 4601: 4599: 4597: 4538:Saint Hesychius (Priest) of Jerusalem 3960: 3575: 3375: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2746: 2608: 2437: 1546:and Israel's Deputy Foreign Minister 1308:, Britain established a consulate in 699:Puritans who had moved to New England 205:Shall They Return to Jerusalem Again? 7783:National Association of Evangelicals 7440:Fundamentalist–modernist controversy 7234:Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee) 7193:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 6239:UN General Assembly Resolution 46/86 5627:. University Press of America. 1984. 5416:Has God Really Finished with Israel? 5077:Quinn, Ronan; Botnen, Trond (2007), 3722: 3611:Sermon on 'Jesus Christ Immutable', 3485:The Oxford Handbook of Millennialism 3313: 3278: 3145: 3014: 2727: 2599: 2379:Ben Barka, Mokhtar (December 2012). 2154:The largest Zionist organisation is 1933:Catholic Church in the United States 1766:teaching of Saint Augustine of Hippo 178:Origins in Calvinistic millennialism 6234:UN General Assembly Resolution 3379 5519:University Press of Florida. 2005. 4729:from the original on March 12, 2019 4473: 3345:"The perils of religious mysticism" 3343:Irish Democrat (29 December 2002). 3333: 3305:Jerusalem Post (25 February 2016). 3249: 3080: 2855: 2256:Jewish views on religious pluralism 2216:Christian views on the Old Covenant 1960:came down like the wolf on the fold 1817:and with the venerable Holy Spirit. 1249: 1022:a major shift in the 1820s towards 244:. Like the Catholic Church and the 13: 5713:University of Alabama Press, 2020. 5475:Cambridge University Press. 2009. 5382:Longmans, Green and Company, 1919. 5273: 5176:Rubin, Jennifer (August 2, 2010). 4891: 4616: 4594: 3537:from the original on June 16, 2019 2982: 2913: 2107: 1943:and the Holy See only established 1829: 1692:Critical views within Christianity 1214:With seed and tillage help renew – 1124:. Again during the lead-up to the 266:and the wider distribution of the 14: 7911: 7346:Christian and Missionary Alliance 7328:Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) 6249:Israeli–Palestinian peace process 5718: 5585:. Oxford University Press. 2002. 5460:. Lawrence Hill & Co., 1986. 4972:Narrative of a Mission of inquiry 4712: 4454:Catholic Zionists are a marginal 3583:The Quarterly Journal of Prophecy 2477:from the original on July 1, 2019 2165: 2082:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions 2069:Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed 1921:", as laid out in the encyclical 1878:Jews have not recognized our Lord 1451:exception was J. Frank Norris, a 1208:the return of Judah to her prime; 1206:the Hebrew seers announce in time 1010:in eschatology. With the rise of 711:The Mystery of Israel's Salvation 705:, one of the early Presidents of 116:. Contemporary Israeli historian 7753:Christianity Today International 7400:Association of Vineyard Churches 7188:Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod 6175:Institute for Zionist Strategies 5898: 5699:New York University Press, 2013. 5290:Conforti, Yitzhak (March 2024). 5214: 5188: 5151: 5133: 5119: 5092: 5070: 5024: 5003: 4979: 4962: 4809:Lebor, Adam (October 14, 2007). 4633:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 4613:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 4333:Hal Lindsey, Carole C. Carlson, 4227:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3932:10.14324/111.444.jhs.2017v49.050 3773:. London: F. Cass. p. 240. 3246:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3208:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3188:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3168:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3136:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3064:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3011:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 3007:"Christian Zionist Hall of Fame" 2956:Rutherford, Samuel (June 1973). 2946:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 2928:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 2910:Retrieved on 20 March 2018. 2747:Lewis, Donald (2 January 2014). 2613:, Texas: Univ of Chicago Press, 2189: 1950: 1397:The Origins of Christian Zionism 1256:Zionism § British influence 203:, an English Puritan, published 120:suggests that England's Zionist 76:Jewish sovereignty in the Levant 7788:National Religious Broadcasters 6040:Zionist Organization of America 5657:Terra Nova Publications, 2008. 5079:"40 ways to end the occupation" 4969:The Church Of Scotland (1845). 4944: 4910: 4885: 4844: 4821: 4802: 4785:"Position on Christian Zionism" 4777: 4751: 4723:All Souls Church, Langham Place 4655: 4636: 4530: 4511: 4435: 4413: 4382: 4352: 4327: 4280: 4255: 4230: 4211: 4178: 4145: 4122: 4082:Carenen, Caitlin (2010-10-01). 4075: 4042: 4009: 3954: 3906: 3876: 3858: 3839: 3820: 3808: 3795: 3743: 3716: 3707: 3698: 3686: 3672: 3657: 3642: 3633: 3621: 3605: 3502: 3475: 3450: 3427:Ben David, Lenny (2015-08-14). 3420: 3388: 3351: 3298: 3211: 3178:Lappin, Yaakov (22 June 2007). 3171: 3139: 3121: 3067: 3041: 3032: 3023: 2931: 2828: 2809: 2796: 2289: 2211:Christian–Jewish reconciliation 2142: 1440:dispensational premillennialism 1335:. On the way home they visited 920:play for the allegiance of Jews 613:A prominent French-born figure 515:they were victorious, executed 349:. However, a number of English 309:was the Tudor child-monarch of 215:Advocacy of the restoration of 163:History before the 20th century 74:: that the re-establishment of 66:in 1948 was in accordance with 28:Restorationism (disambiguation) 7763:Evangelical Climate Initiative 7211:Presbyterian Church in America 6390:Zionism as settler colonialism 6045:Zionist Organization of Canada 5875:Revival of the Hebrew language 5692:Oxford University Press, 2009. 5671:. Banner of Truth, June 1971. 5453:. Yale University Press, 2007. 5380:History of Zionism, 1600-1918. 5365:Oxford University Press, 2013. 5221:Kornbluh, Jacob (8 May 2022). 5013:. The Jewish Press. 2013-05-12 4918:"Resources on the Middle East" 4540:(2001). "The Teachings of the 4421:"christianactionforisrael.org" 4361:"Sermon: The Final Generation" 4359:MacArthur, John (2011-04-03). 4088:Holocaust and Genocide Studies 4049:Merkley, Paul Charles (1998). 3767:Merkley, Paul Charles (1998). 3613:Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit 3569:Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit 3528:Institute of Jerusalem Studies 3457:Sandeen, Ernest (2008-08-01). 3363:the Jewish Community of Hebron 2775:Hillel Halkin (January 2007). 2635: 2626: 1809:with Whom He is of one Essence 1503:Israel–United States relations 1212:Here was an object. Up and On. 1051:L'Attente Actuelle de l'Eglise 975:Raphael Chaim Yitzchak Karigal 749:. Newton especially, who held 552:Jewish resettlement in England 313:, a Calvinist-leaning Regency 231:, did not mention any special 1: 7737:Transformational Christianity 6125:Jewish Party (Czechoslovakia) 6050:Religious Zionists of America 6035:Zionist Federation of Germany 5489:. InterVarsity Press, 2021. 5315:10.1080/00263206.2023.2204516 5195:Savage, Sean (9 March 2021). 4562:. Translated by Savin, Olga. 4293:Religion and American Culture 4152:Hankins, Barry (2015-01-13). 3482:Wessinger, Catherine (2016). 3395:Rodenbeck, Max (2007-01-26). 3158:(1). Stephen S. Wise: 10–17. 2609:Weber, Timothy (April 1987), 2493:European imperialist movement 2356: 2131:, a Christian Zionist in the 1371:and became a close friend of 1216:Help reinstate the Holy Land 1146:American Colonization Society 590:of Jesus Christ and thus the 290:and placed more focus on the 84:Second Coming of Jesus Christ 54:, espouses the return of the 7682:Apostolic-Prophetic Movement 7510:Baptism with the Holy Spirit 7382:Seventh-day Adventist Church 6385:Progressive except Palestine 5178:"Onward, Christian Zionists" 4425:christianactionforisrael.org 4135:Journal of Southern Religion 3668:. Brill Archive. p. 91. 3029:Crome (2014). p.179, 184–188 2960:Letters of Samuel Rutherford 2303:, has been categorised as a 2221:Christians United for Israel 2156:Christians United for Israel 2000:National Council of Churches 1924:Redemptoris nostri cruciatus 1758:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1754:Jewish immigration to Israel 1741: 1623: 1391:. This letter, known as the 1035:. This was expressed at the 721:(including for Jews) in the 639:building of the Third Temple 582:, some of whom lived in the 362:Protestantism of the princes 82:"—is a prerequisite for the 7: 7773:Fuller Theological Seminary 7249:Pentecostal Holiness Church 7145:Southern Baptist Convention 6380:Muslim supporters of Israel 5789: 5655:Defending Christian Zionism 4872:Mennonite Central Committee 4335:The Late Great Planet Earth 4002:Sundquist, Eric J. (2005). 3883:Jerry Klinger (July 2010). 3232:10.1007/978-94-009-4514-2_7 3218:Popkin, Richard H. (1986). 3129:"The Jews iof Rhode Island" 2575:Long before the arrival of 2182: 2125:Defending Christian Zionism 2042:Mennonite Central Committee 1774:Eastern Orthodox Christians 1772:(431). That is why neither 1760:; instead, it predicts the 1573:The Late Great Planet Earth 1297:beliefs, or by a streak of 1183:, a professor of Hebrew at 1132:, who was President of the 717:, the Puritan proponent of 650:and replacing him with the 523:between 1649 and 1660. The 260:). The Protestant focus on 10: 7916: 7798:World Vision United States 7606:Contemporary worship music 7484:Los Angeles Crusade (1949) 7405:Calvary Chapel Association 6983:The Church of Almighty God 6400:Zionist political violence 6365:Jewish political movements 6135:Jewish Resistance Movement 6025:World Zionist Organization 5890:Zionism, race and genetics 5750:Christians Who Love Israel 5623:Lawrence Jeffrey Epstein. 5571:Information Clearing House 5549:InterVarsity Press. 2004. 4789:Reformed Church in America 4662:Wagner, Donald E. (1995). 4493:Middle East Policy Council 4287:Hummel, Daniel G. (2015). 3913:Alexander, Philip (2017). 3563:Spurgeon, Charles (1864), 3325:Ynet News (3 March 2017). 2865:Murray, Iain (June 1971). 2699:Friedman, Isaiah (1992) . 2297:Clément Marot and Religion 2037:Reformed Church in America 1833: 1733: 1706: 1702: 1695: 1580:, Jews would fight off a " 1500: 1253: 1111:. Although Britain forced 981:in 1773 during his visit. 948:Society of United Irishmen 788: 775:National Library of Israel 511:. Under the leadership of 181: 166: 25: 18: 7811: 7745: 7717:New Apostolic Reformation 7674: 7648: 7588: 7545:Christianity and abortion 7497: 7417: 7390: 7372: 7354: 7336: 7303: 7285: 7262: 7244:Pentecostal Church of God 7219: 7201: 7178: 7135: 7128: 7057: 7023: 6995: 6958:Hebrew Christian movement 6943: 6910: 6887: 6822: 6813: 6748: 6682: 6638:Hebrew Christian movement 6623: 6598: 6557: 6526: 6519: 6468: 6317: 6266: 6209: 6198: 6160:American Zionist Movement 6000: 5907: 5896: 5797: 5358:Palgrave Macmillan, 2018. 5105:. Routledge. p. 42. 4392:Fundamentalist Phenomenon 4016:Caitlin, Carenen (2012). 3961:Lewis, Donald M. (2010). 3919:Jewish Historical Studies 3615:, 1869, vol. 15, no. 848 3509:Kuttab, Jonathan (2018). 3146:Wise, Stephen S. (1946). 2669:Brandeis University Press 2543:Samman, Khaldoun (2015). 2457:Ahmad Abdullah Abdul Aziz 2455:(translated in Arabic by 2349:—and drew from it freely. 2309:Commentary on the Psalter 2261:Jews as the chosen people 2084:campaign against Israel. 2051:Presbyterian Church (USA) 1945:full diplomatic relations 1603:, leading figures on the 1538:Christian Zionist Pastor 1223:William Eugene Blackstone 1193:converted to Christianity 1090:In 1864, Spurgeon wrote: 928:French Revolutionary Wars 876:London Missionary Society 825:Evangelical Protestantism 731:17th-century philosophers 566:. Other Puritans such as 560:The Rights of the Kingdom 542:, came into contact with 499:" in Scotland). With the 242:he harshly denounced Jews 147:as a means of fulfilling 7839:Charles Grandison Finney 7722:Neo-charismatic movement 7692:Christian fundamentalism 7392:Nondenominational Family 7287:Congregationalist Family 6462:Christianity and Judaism 6065:Jewish Agency for Israel 5880:Hebraization of surnames 5870:Negation of the Diaspora 5539:. January–February 2005. 5428:Paul Richard Wilkinson. 5385:Paul Richard Wilkinson. 4672:: Herald Press. p. 4305:10.1525/rac.2015.25.1.37 3259:A Wesley 'Zionist' Hymn? 3224:Spinoza and the Sciences 3073:John Christian Laursen, 2509:post-Renaissance England 2405:Aix-Marseille University 2282: 2226:Christianity and Judaism 2088:Biblical interpretations 1980:: 144–145. December 1929 1966:by eminent Protestants: 1426:interfaith rapprochement 1109:First Turko-Egyptian War 1059:Scofield Reference Bible 1037:Niagara Bible Conference 815:for inspiration for the 735:Age of the Enlightenment 660:Abraham von Franckenberg 584:Massachusetts Bay Colony 364:"), in general, as too " 101:Advocacy on the part of 96:Jewish national homeland 88:Christian restorationism 70:transmitted through the 6863:Melkite Greek Catholic 6070:Jewish National Council 6030:Zionist General Council 4926:United Church of Christ 4860:Peace Office Newsletter 4670:Scottdale, Pennsylvania 4389:Falwell, Jerry (1981). 4262:Hummel, Daniel (2019). 4237:Hummel, Daniel (2019). 4185:Robins, Walker (2019). 4129:Robins, Walker (2017). 4020:. New York: NYU Press. 3648:Shaftsbury as cited in 3103:Nadler, Steven (2007). 2841:Oxford University Press 2532:Second Advent of Christ 2449:Sharif, Regina (1983). 2266:Judaism's view of Jesus 2055:United Church of Christ 2047:United Methodist Church 1764:and it is cited in the 1476:, flying alongside the 1276:, fought alongside the 1138:Prime Minister Aberdeen 1122:Charles Henry Churchill 896:Evangelical Anglicanism 843:, spread this into the 767:University of Cambridge 521:Commonwealth of England 246:Eastern Orthodox Church 184:History of the Puritans 122:Evangelical Protestants 7819:Aimee Semple McPherson 7732:Seven Mountain Mandate 7472:Fourth Great Awakening 7455:Second Great Awakening 7313:Church of the Nazarene 6496:Dual-covenant theology 6415:Conservatism in Israel 6130:Jewish Party (Romania) 5595:Paul Charles Merkley. 5297:Middle Eastern Studies 4952:"With God On Our Side" 4568:Shambhala Publications 4483:Ghada Hashem Talhami. 3581:'The Jew', July 1870, 3051:. ICEJ. Archived from 2711:Transaction Publishers 2345:preferred by medieval 2231:Christianity in Israel 2172:evangelical Christians 2102:Covenant of the pieces 2033: 1996: 1983: 1929:Second Vatican Council 1856: 1827: 1823:Hesychius of Jerusalem 1668: 1618:Martin Luther King Jr. 1551: 1517:American Protestantism 1493: 1415: 1412:Martin Luther King Jr. 1389:Lord Walter Rothschild 1327:, Alexander Black and 1325:Robert Murray M'Cheyne 1285: 1219: 1115:to withdraw to Egypt, 1097: 1083:Robert Murray M'Chyene 1046: 907: 723:Colony of Rhode Island 617:, who was nominally a 484: 212: 107:Protestant Reformation 44: 7900:Christian terminology 7890:Christian eschatology 7778:Moody Bible Institute 7727:Red-Letter Christians 7467:Third Great Awakening 7450:First Great Awakening 7323:Free Methodist Church 7264:Restorationist Family 7254:Apostolic Pentecostal 7229:Assemblies of God USA 6501:New Covenant theology 6165:Am Yisrael Foundation 5418:New Wine Press 2013. 5201:Jewish News Syndicate 4898:www.timesofisrael.com 4715:"The Place of Israel" 4611:. Western University. 2908:. Liberty University. 2585:William E. Blackstone 2459:(1985)). London, UK: 2004: 1984: 1977:The Christian Century 1968: 1851:had an audience with 1843: 1834:Further information: 1798: 1792:, the kingdom of the 1786:Patriarch Ignatius IV 1645: 1537: 1471: 1410: 1267: 1203: 1092: 1049:published in French ( 1041: 1016:James Haldane Stewart 950:, was an ally of the 889: 803:With the rise of the 759:dabbled in the occult 739:scientific revolution 556:Lost Tribes of Israel 478: 323:Peter Martyr Vermigli 199: 167:Further information: 157:evangelizing the Jews 133:Protestant Christians 78:—the eschatological " 36: 7687:Bapticostal movement 7601:Contemporary worship 7580:Second work of grace 7560:Evangelical theology 7425:Azusa Street Revival 6660:Sacred Name Movement 6420:Liberalism in Israel 6395:Zionist antisemitism 6219:Chronology of Aliyah 6105:World Agudath Israel 6055:Jewish National Fund 5599:. Frank Cass. 1998. 5511:The Armageddon Lobby 5446:HarperCollins, 2007. 5306:Taylor & Francis 4689:The introduction by 4570:. pp. 193–238. 4365:Grace To You Website 3433:Israel National News 2944:. Durham University. 2528:homeland of the Jews 2149:Evangelical churches 2063:With God On Our Side 1897:was the fate of the 1874:life of Jesus Christ 1742:"hē pólis toũ theoũ" 1713:For most Christians 1676:series of novels by 1497:In the United States 1438:During these years, 1419:In the United States 1282:Special Night Squads 1164:In the United States 1065:do not subscribe to 992:Mordecai Manuel Noah 924:Egypt–Syria campaign 870:Evangelical Magazine 755:in terms of religion 686:, were based in the 682:(his followers, the 517:Charles I of England 307:Edward VI of England 284:veneration of saints 111:17th-century English 7712:Post-evangelicalism 7530:Biblical patriarchy 7520:Biblical literalism 7203:Presbyterian Family 7155:Missionary Baptists 7150:Independent Baptist 7026:Abrahamic religions 6963:Jehovah's Witnesses 6690:Abrahamic religions 6360:Jewish emancipation 6244:Timeline of Zionism 6229:Balfour Declaration 5860:Gathering of Israel 5581:Gershom Gorenberg. 5509:5(1): 75–95. 2006. 5392:Douglas J. Culver. 5256:The Washington Post 5147:. 12 November 2023. 5145:The Times of Israel 4546:Prayer of the Heart 4337:, Zondervan, 1970, 4053:. London: F. Cass. 3723:Kark, Ruth (1994). 3519:Jerusalem Quarterly 3038:Smith (2013). p.141 2782:Commentary magazine 2197:Christianity portal 2028:interfaith dialogue 1778:Catholic Christians 1486:Protestant Unionist 1393:Balfour Declaration 1379:Balfour Declaration 1244:Blackstone Memorial 1185:New York University 1168:In 1818, President 1044:constantly looking. 906:as official policy. 892:Earl of Shaftesbury 855:, early leaders in 841:Nicolaus Zinzendorf 751:Radical Reformation 678:, as proclaimed by 648:Louis XIV of France 635:Du rappel des juifs 548:Menasseh ben Israel 292:biblical patriarchs 272:radical protestants 149:biblical prophecies 109:, and is rooted in 80:Gathering of Israel 68:biblical prophecies 7535:Biblical womanhood 7525:Biblical inerrancy 7460:Cane Ridge Revival 7272:Churches of Christ 7221:Pentecostal Family 6935:Ethiopian Tewahedo 6920:Armenian Apostolic 6912:Oriental Orthodoxy 6742:Religion in Israel 6599:Religious dialogue 6224:History of Zionism 5702:Daniel G. Hummel, 5641:Barbara W. Tuchman 5408:2017-11-07 at the 5389:Paternoster, 2007. 5163:New Lines Magazine 4815:The New York Times 4765:on 23 October 2013 4725:). Stephen Sizer. 4445:5(1): 75–95. 2006. 4100:10.1093/hgs/dcq025 3870:2008-05-12 at the 3865:M'Cheyne's friends 3848:(Edinburgh, 1842) 3832:2008-02-17 at the 3664:Mel Scult (1978). 3402:The New York Times 3206:. Times of Israel. 2822:2011-06-14 at the 2563:. pp. 49–92. 2341:—a version of the 2301:Christian Hebraist 2241:History of Zionism 1919:international city 1857: 1790:heavenly Jerusalem 1762:sack of Rome (410) 1734:"ἡ πόλις τοῦ Θεοῦ" 1552: 1494: 1458:The Fundamentalist 1444:dispensationalists 1416: 1358:George Skene Keith 1317:Church of Scotland 1286: 1148:to send blacks to 908: 900:Edward Bickersteth 773:, now rest in the 668:The Hope of Israel 662:(a student of the 568:Jeremiah Burroughs 493:Church of Scotland 485: 276:Catholic tradition 213: 169:History of Zionism 159:at the same time. 145:adopt Christianity 45: 7885:Christian Zionism 7880:Dispensationalism 7867: 7866: 7555:Decision theology 7550:Christian Zionism 7515:Believers' Church 7413: 7412: 7338:Keswickian Family 7239:Foursquare Church 7165:Free Will Baptist 7088: 7087: 6991: 6990: 6973:Messianic Judaism 6889:Eastern Orthodoxy 6842:Chaldean Catholic 6837:Armenian Catholic 6708: 6707: 6648:Messianic Judaism 6619: 6618: 6585:Jesus and Judaism 6539:Eastern Orthodoxy 6506:Nontrinitarianism 6491:Dispensationalism 6486:Covenant theology 6481:Christian Zionism 6428: 6427: 6355:Jewish Autonomism 6262: 6261: 6214:History of Israel 6190:Birthright Israel 5688:Stephen Spector, 5663:978-1-901949-62-9 5647:. New York, 1956. 5637:. New York, 2007. 5515:Irvine Anderson. 5507:Holy Land Studies 5495:978-0-8308-4697-9 5485:Donald M. Lewis, 5481:978-0-521-51518-4 5471:Donald M. Lewis. 5437:978-1-84227-569-6 5424:978-1-905991-87-7 5368:Barbara Tuchman. 5361:Robert O. Smith. 5184:on July 26, 2010. 4839:Oxford University 4683:978-0-8361-3651-7 4577:978-1-57062-807-8 4456:post-World War II 4443:Holy Land Studies 4431:on July 19, 2012. 4264:Covenant Brothers 4239:Covenant Brothers 4196:978-0-8173-9279-6 3978:978-0-521-51518-4 3495:978-0-19-061194-1 3241:978-94-010-8511-3 3114:978-90-467-0021-1 3009:. Israel Answers. 2849:978-0-195-36802-4 2834:Stephen Spector, 2720:978-0-88738-214-7 2707:New Brunswick, NJ 2678:978-1-61168-618-0 2660:Israel: A History 2570:978-1-317-26235-0 2470:978-0-86232-151-2 2414:10.4000/erea.2753 1962:", has also been 1956:Political Zionism 1751: 1739: 1557:dispensationalist 1387:sent a letter to 1304:At the urging of 1270:Mandate Palestine 1240:Benjamin Harrison 1158:Winston Churchill 1067:dispensationalism 1033:dispensationalism 1029:John Nelson Darby 936:Political Zionism 916:National Assembly 912:French Revolution 904:Ottoman Palestine 898:and the views of 867:, founder of the 799:Political Zionism 719:religious liberty 564:British Israelism 501:English Civil War 450:Samuel Rutherford 327:biblical exegesis 52:Christian context 48:Christian Zionism 7907: 7859:Jonathan Edwards 7803:Youth for Christ 7697:Evangelical left 7570:Kingdom theology 7374:Adventist Family 7133: 7132: 7115: 7108: 7101: 7092: 7091: 6902:Russian Orthodox 6820: 6819: 6735: 6728: 6721: 6712: 6711: 6590:Paul and Judaism 6524: 6523: 6455: 6448: 6441: 6432: 6431: 6405:Zio (pejorative) 6375:Muscular Judaism 6345:New antisemitism 6325:List of Zionists 6279:Independence Day 6207: 6206: 6090:Hashomer Hatzair 5902: 5784: 5777: 5770: 5761: 5760: 5681:Shalom Goldman, 5669:The Puritan Hope 5449:Victoria Clark. 5351: 5317: 5280:Samuel Goldman. 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5247: 5238: 5237: 5235: 5233: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5192: 5186: 5185: 5180:. Archived from 5173: 5167: 5166: 5155: 5149: 5148: 5137: 5131: 5130: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5096: 5090: 5089: 5083: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5065: 5064: 5057:Jewish Chronicle 5049: 5040: 5039: 5028: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5018: 5007: 5001: 5000: 4998: 4997: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4966: 4960: 4959: 4948: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4914: 4908: 4907: 4905: 4904: 4889: 4883: 4882: 4880: 4874:. Archived from 4857: 4848: 4842: 4835:The Other Israel 4825: 4819: 4818: 4806: 4800: 4799: 4797: 4795: 4781: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4761:. Archived from 4755: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4736: 4734: 4687: 4659: 4653: 4645: 4640: 4634: 4632: 4625: 4614: 4612: 4605: 4592: 4581: 4544:on the Interior 4534: 4528: 4520: 4515: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4504: 4480: 4471: 4452: 4446: 4439: 4433: 4432: 4427:. Archived from 4417: 4411: 4410: 4386: 4380: 4379: 4377: 4376: 4367:. Archived from 4356: 4350: 4331: 4325: 4324: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4234: 4228: 4226: 4215: 4209: 4208: 4182: 4176: 4175: 4149: 4143: 4142: 4126: 4120: 4119: 4079: 4073: 4072: 4046: 4040: 4039: 4013: 4007: 4000: 3991: 3990: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3934: 3910: 3904: 3903: 3901: 3900: 3891:. Archived from 3880: 3874: 3862: 3856: 3843: 3837: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3799: 3793: 3792: 3764: 3753: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3720: 3714: 3711: 3705: 3702: 3696: 3690: 3684: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3661: 3655: 3646: 3640: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3609: 3603: 3600: 3594: 3591: 3585: 3579: 3573: 3572: 3560: 3551: 3550: 3544: 3542: 3536: 3515: 3506: 3500: 3499: 3479: 3473: 3472: 3454: 3448: 3447: 3445: 3444: 3435:. Archived from 3424: 3418: 3417: 3415: 3414: 3405:. Archived from 3392: 3386: 3379: 3373: 3372: 3370: 3369: 3355: 3349: 3348: 3340: 3331: 3330: 3322: 3311: 3310: 3302: 3296: 3295: 3293: 3292: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3272: 3253: 3247: 3245: 3215: 3209: 3207: 3200: 3189: 3187: 3175: 3169: 3167: 3143: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3125: 3119: 3118: 3100: 3094: 3087: 3078: 3071: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3060: 3045: 3039: 3036: 3030: 3027: 3021: 3018: 3012: 3010: 3003: 2980: 2979: 2963: 2953: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2935: 2929: 2927: 2926:. Stephen Sizer. 2925: 2917: 2911: 2909: 2902: 2881: 2880: 2867:the Puritan Hope 2862: 2853: 2832: 2826: 2813: 2807: 2802:Boyer, Paul S., 2800: 2794: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2772: 2763: 2762: 2744: 2725: 2724: 2696: 2687: 2686: 2651: 2642: 2639: 2633: 2630: 2624: 2623: 2606: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2536: 2522:, unfortunately 2484: 2482: 2446: 2435: 2434: 2416: 2376: 2350: 2347:Rabbinic Judaism 2317:Abraham ibn Ezra 2293: 2199: 2194: 2193: 1994: 1981: 1825: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1776:nor traditional 1756:and the ongoing 1746: 1744: 1738:romanized: 1737: 1735: 1682:Jerry B. Jenkins 1586:Zechariah 13:8–9 1550:in November 2018 1490:Northern Ireland 1448:Southern Baptist 1306:Lord Shaftesbury 1250:In Great Britain 1071:Charles Spurgeon 1024:premillennialism 983:Jonathan Edwards 956:French Directory 942:(1773–1804), an 894:, influenced by 656:Petrus Serrarius 627:Sephardic Jewish 615:Isaac La Peyrère 558:in his pamphlet 544:Dutch-based Jews 505:Parliamentarians 495:as the largest " 442:George Gillespie 402:Thomas Brightman 201:Thomas Brightman 94:in support of a 21:Zionist churches 7915: 7914: 7910: 7909: 7908: 7906: 7905: 7904: 7870: 7869: 7868: 7863: 7849:Franklin Graham 7844:Dwight L. Moody 7807: 7793:Promise Keepers 7741: 7670: 7644: 7640:Sinner's prayer 7623:Revival meeting 7613:Mourner's bench 7584: 7505:Baptism by fire 7493: 7489:Revival of 1800 7479:Healing revival 7445:Great Awakening 7409: 7386: 7368: 7356:Reformed Family 7350: 7332: 7318:Wesleyan Church 7305:Holiness Family 7299: 7281: 7258: 7215: 7197: 7180:Lutheran Family 7174: 7124: 7119: 7089: 7084: 7053: 7019: 6987: 6939: 6930:Coptic Orthodox 6925:Syriac Orthodox 6906: 6883: 6879:Syriac Catholic 6809: 6744: 6739: 6709: 6704: 6700:Judeo-Christian 6678: 6615: 6594: 6580:Anglo-Israelism 6553: 6515: 6511:Supersessionism 6464: 6459: 6429: 6424: 6313: 6258: 6203: 6201: 6194: 6185:Nefesh B'Nefesh 6100:HaNoar HaTzioni 5996: 5903: 5894: 5793: 5788: 5746:Eliezer Melamed 5721: 5716: 5709:Walker Robins, 5645:Bible and Sword 5573:Sept. 9, 2018) 5456:Grace Halsell. 5410:Wayback Machine 5276: 5274:Further reading 5271: 5270: 5261: 5259: 5249: 5248: 5241: 5231: 5229: 5219: 5215: 5205: 5203: 5193: 5189: 5174: 5170: 5165:. 27 July 2023. 5157: 5156: 5152: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5125: 5124: 5120: 5113: 5097: 5093: 5081: 5075: 5071: 5062: 5060: 5051: 5050: 5043: 5030: 5029: 5025: 5016: 5014: 5009: 5008: 5004: 4995: 4993: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4967: 4963: 4956:alexchediak.com 4950: 4949: 4945: 4935: 4933: 4916: 4915: 4911: 4902: 4900: 4892:Berman, Lazar. 4890: 4886: 4878: 4855: 4849: 4845: 4826: 4822: 4811:"Over the Line" 4807: 4803: 4793: 4791: 4783: 4782: 4778: 4768: 4766: 4757: 4756: 4752: 4744: 4732: 4730: 4684: 4660: 4656: 4643: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4626: 4617: 4607: 4606: 4595: 4578: 4535: 4531: 4518: 4516: 4512: 4502: 4500: 4481: 4474: 4453: 4449: 4440: 4436: 4419: 4418: 4414: 4407: 4387: 4383: 4374: 4372: 4357: 4353: 4349:, 9780310277712 4332: 4328: 4285: 4281: 4274: 4260: 4256: 4249: 4235: 4231: 4217: 4216: 4212: 4197: 4183: 4179: 4164: 4150: 4146: 4127: 4123: 4080: 4076: 4061: 4047: 4043: 4028: 4014: 4010: 4001: 3994: 3979: 3959: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3911: 3907: 3898: 3896: 3889:Jewish Magazine 3881: 3877: 3872:Wayback Machine 3863: 3859: 3844: 3840: 3834:Wayback Machine 3825: 3821: 3813: 3809: 3800: 3796: 3781: 3765: 3756: 3748: 3744: 3737: 3721: 3717: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3699: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3673: 3662: 3658: 3650:Hyamson, Albert 3647: 3643: 3638: 3634: 3626: 3622: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3597: 3592: 3588: 3580: 3576: 3561: 3554: 3540: 3538: 3534: 3513: 3507: 3503: 3496: 3480: 3476: 3469: 3455: 3451: 3442: 3440: 3425: 3421: 3412: 3410: 3393: 3389: 3385:V. 8, pp.17–19. 3380: 3376: 3367: 3365: 3357: 3356: 3352: 3341: 3334: 3323: 3314: 3303: 3299: 3290: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3270: 3268: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3242: 3216: 3212: 3202: 3201: 3192: 3176: 3172: 3144: 3140: 3131: 3127: 3126: 3122: 3115: 3101: 3097: 3088: 3081: 3072: 3068: 3058: 3056: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3037: 3033: 3028: 3024: 3019: 3015: 3005: 3004: 2983: 2976: 2954: 2950: 2941: 2937: 2936: 2932: 2923: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2904: 2903: 2884: 2877: 2863: 2856: 2833: 2829: 2824:Wayback Machine 2814: 2810: 2801: 2797: 2787: 2785: 2773: 2766: 2759: 2745: 2728: 2721: 2713:. p. 458. 2697: 2690: 2679: 2652: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2631: 2627: 2621: 2607: 2600: 2592: 2571: 2480: 2478: 2471: 2447: 2438: 2393:Aix-en-Provence 2377: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2353: 2338:Mikraot Gedolot 2325:derek ha peshat 2315:, he drew from 2294: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2195: 2188: 2185: 2168: 2145: 2113:for example in 2110: 2108:Other doctrines 2090: 1995: 1990: 1982: 1974: 1953: 1941:State of Israel 1861:Catholic Church 1838: 1832: 1830:Catholic Church 1826: 1821: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1715:the City of God 1711: 1705: 1700: 1694: 1626: 1605:Christian Right 1505: 1499: 1466: 1421: 1405: 1381: 1365:William Hechler 1346:Alexander Keith 1341:Austrian Empire 1329:Alexander Keith 1280:as part of the 1268:By the time of 1262: 1254:Main articles: 1252: 1227:Jesus is Coming 1218: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1209: 1207: 1199:Herman Melville 1166: 1105:region of Syria 969:, president of 845:Moravian Church 813:classical world 801: 787: 779:Henry Oldenburg 727:Stephen S. Wise 707:Harvard College 703:Increase Mather 692:Jewish diaspora 652:Prince of Condé 631:English Channel 608:the Restoration 592:final judgement 513:Oliver Cromwell 481:Oliver Cromwell 466:Gerhard Vossius 410:William Perkins 335:Anglican Church 258:supersessionism 238:Catholic Church 194: 182:Main articles: 180: 175: 165: 153:State of Israel 64:State of Israel 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7913: 7903: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7865: 7864: 7862: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7834:C. I. Scofield 7831: 7826: 7821: 7815: 7813: 7809: 7808: 7806: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7749: 7747: 7743: 7742: 7740: 7739: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7714: 7709: 7707:Jesus movement 7704: 7699: 7694: 7689: 7684: 7678: 7676: 7672: 7671: 7669: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7652: 7650: 7646: 7645: 7643: 7642: 7637: 7636: 7635: 7630: 7620: 7618:Prayer warrior 7615: 7610: 7609: 7608: 7598: 7592: 7590: 7586: 7585: 7583: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7501: 7499: 7495: 7494: 7492: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7475: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7463: 7462: 7452: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7427: 7421: 7419: 7415: 7414: 7411: 7410: 7408: 7407: 7402: 7396: 7394: 7388: 7387: 7385: 7384: 7378: 7376: 7370: 7369: 7367: 7366: 7360: 7358: 7352: 7351: 7349: 7348: 7342: 7340: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7309: 7307: 7301: 7300: 7298: 7297: 7291: 7289: 7283: 7282: 7280: 7279: 7274: 7268: 7266: 7260: 7259: 7257: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7225: 7223: 7217: 7216: 7214: 7213: 7207: 7205: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7195: 7190: 7184: 7182: 7176: 7175: 7173: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7141: 7139: 7137:Baptist Family 7130: 7126: 7125: 7118: 7117: 7110: 7103: 7095: 7086: 7085: 7083: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7061: 7059: 7055: 7054: 7052: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7030: 7028: 7021: 7020: 7018: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7001: 6999: 6993: 6992: 6989: 6988: 6986: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6949: 6947: 6941: 6940: 6938: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6916: 6914: 6908: 6907: 6905: 6904: 6899: 6897:Greek Orthodox 6893: 6891: 6885: 6884: 6882: 6881: 6876: 6875: 6874: 6869: 6861: 6860: 6859: 6854: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6828: 6826: 6817: 6811: 6810: 6808: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6776: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6754: 6752: 6746: 6745: 6738: 6737: 6730: 6723: 6715: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6686: 6684: 6680: 6679: 6677: 6676: 6665:Crypto-Judaism 6662: 6657: 6656: 6655: 6653:Jews for Jesus 6645: 6640: 6635: 6629: 6627: 6621: 6620: 6617: 6616: 6614: 6613: 6608: 6602: 6600: 6596: 6595: 6593: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6561: 6559: 6555: 6554: 6552: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6530: 6528: 6521: 6517: 6516: 6514: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6465: 6458: 6457: 6450: 6443: 6435: 6426: 6425: 6423: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6370:Greater Israel 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6321: 6319: 6318:Related topics 6315: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6306: 6304:Ben-Gurion Day 6301: 6299:Jabotinsky Day 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6270: 6268: 6264: 6263: 6260: 6259: 6257: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6210: 6204: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6006: 6004: 5998: 5997: 5995: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5913: 5911: 5905: 5904: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5850:Territorialism 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5810:Land of Israel 5807: 5801: 5799: 5795: 5794: 5787: 5786: 5779: 5772: 5764: 5758: 5757: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5720: 5719:External links 5717: 5715: 5714: 5707: 5700: 5695:Yaakov Ariel, 5693: 5686: 5679: 5677:978-0851512471 5665: 5648: 5638: 5628: 5621: 5619:978-0773521889 5609:Paul Merkley, 5607: 5593: 5578: 5577: 5564: 5540: 5528: 5513: 5500: 5483: 5469: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5426: 5412: 5397: 5396:P. Lang, 1995. 5390: 5383: 5373: 5372:W&N, 2001. 5366: 5359: 5354:Andrew Crome. 5352: 5286: 5285: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5268: 5239: 5213: 5187: 5168: 5150: 5132: 5118: 5111: 5091: 5086:Chain Reaction 5069: 5041: 5023: 5002: 4978: 4961: 4943: 4909: 4884: 4881:on 2006-03-21. 4853:"Introduction" 4843: 4820: 4801: 4776: 4750: 4682: 4654: 4635: 4615: 4593: 4576: 4529: 4510: 4472: 4464:Menahem Macina 4447: 4434: 4412: 4406:978-0801029585 4405: 4381: 4351: 4326: 4279: 4273:978-0812296242 4272: 4254: 4248:978-0812296242 4247: 4229: 4210: 4195: 4177: 4162: 4144: 4121: 4094:(2): 273–296. 4074: 4059: 4041: 4026: 4008: 3992: 3977: 3953: 3905: 3875: 3857: 3838: 3819: 3807: 3801:Yaakov Ariel, 3794: 3779: 3754: 3742: 3735: 3715: 3706: 3697: 3685: 3681:New York Times 3671: 3656: 3641: 3632: 3620: 3604: 3595: 3586: 3574: 3571:, vol. 10 3552: 3501: 3494: 3474: 3467: 3449: 3419: 3387: 3374: 3350: 3332: 3312: 3297: 3277: 3248: 3240: 3210: 3190: 3170: 3138: 3134:. Ellen Smith. 3120: 3113: 3095: 3079: 3066: 3040: 3031: 3022: 3013: 2981: 2974: 2948: 2930: 2912: 2882: 2875: 2854: 2827: 2808: 2795: 2764: 2757: 2726: 2719: 2688: 2677: 2671:. p. 15. 2655:Shapira, Anita 2643: 2634: 2625: 2619: 2598: 2569: 2553:Abingdon, Oxon 2469: 2436: 2361: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2351: 2287: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2202: 2201: 2200: 2184: 2181: 2167: 2166:Public opinion 2164: 2144: 2141: 2133:United Kingdom 2109: 2106: 2089: 2086: 2032: 2031: 2025: 2022: 2019:eschatological 2015: 2008: 1988: 1972: 1952: 1949: 1935:, because the 1907:Arab Catholics 1831: 1828: 1819: 1707:Main article: 1704: 1701: 1693: 1690: 1625: 1622: 1590:John MacArthur 1578:Ezekiel 39:6–8 1570:narrative. In 1548:Tzipi Hotovely 1498: 1495: 1474:Flag of Israel 1465: 1462: 1453:fundamentalist 1420: 1417: 1404: 1401: 1385:Arthur Balfour 1380: 1377: 1299:philo-Semitism 1251: 1248: 1204: 1165: 1162: 1008:postmillennial 1004:Charles Simeon 853:Charles Wesley 829:Philipp Spener 821:British Empire 795:Evangelicalism 786: 783: 771:Abraham Yahuda 765:and while the 747:Baruch Spinoza 715:Roger Williams 688:Ottoman Empire 680:Nathan of Gaza 600:Thomas Fairfax 550:and advocated 509:New Model Army 446:Robert Baillie 438:Giles Fletcher 426:William Bridge 422:William Strong 418:Thomas Goodwin 414:Richard Sibbes 385:Book of Romans 346:Bishops' Bible 263:sola scriptura 233:eschatological 209:Restorationist 179: 176: 164: 161: 141:reject Judaism 137:Land of Israel 40:Colonial Times 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7912: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7877: 7875: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7854:Jerry Falwell 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7812:Major figures 7810: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7750: 7748: 7744: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7693: 7690: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7680: 7679: 7677: 7673: 7667: 7666:Televangelism 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7653: 7651: 7647: 7641: 7638: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7625: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7591: 7587: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7502: 7500: 7496: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7461: 7458: 7457: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7422: 7420: 7416: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7397: 7395: 7393: 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6918: 6917: 6915: 6913: 6909: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6890: 6886: 6880: 6877: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6829: 6827: 6825: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6812: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6760: 6759: 6756: 6755: 6753: 6751: 6747: 6743: 6736: 6731: 6729: 6724: 6722: 6717: 6716: 6713: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6681: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6654: 6651: 6650: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6622: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6603: 6601: 6597: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6570:Christophobia 6568: 6566: 6563: 6562: 6560: 6556: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6544:Protestantism 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6525: 6522: 6518: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6467: 6463: 6456: 6451: 6449: 6444: 6442: 6437: 6436: 6433: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6335:The Holocaust 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6322: 6320: 6316: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6284:Jerusalem Day 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6274:Yom HaZikaron 6272: 6271: 6269: 6265: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6211: 6208: 6205: 6197: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6003: 6002:Organizations 5999: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5957:Proto-Zionism 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5906: 5901: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5855:Promised Land 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5840:Law of Return 5838: 5836: 5833: 5830: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5785: 5780: 5778: 5773: 5771: 5766: 5765: 5762: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5722: 5712: 5708: 5705: 5701: 5698: 5694: 5691: 5687: 5684: 5680: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5667:Iain Murray, 5666: 5664: 5660: 5656: 5652: 5649: 5646: 5642: 5639: 5636: 5632: 5629: 5626: 5622: 5620: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5606: 5605:0-7146-4850-7 5602: 5598: 5594: 5592: 5591:0-19-515205-0 5588: 5584: 5580: 5579: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5567:Stephen Sizer 5565: 5563: 5559: 5556: 5555:0-8308-5368-5 5552: 5548: 5544: 5543:Stephen Sizer 5541: 5538: 5537: 5532: 5529: 5526: 5525:0-8130-2798-5 5522: 5518: 5514: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5482: 5478: 5474: 5470: 5467: 5466:0-88208-210-8 5463: 5459: 5455: 5452: 5448: 5445: 5442:Zev Chafets. 5441: 5438: 5434: 5431: 5427: 5425: 5421: 5417: 5414:Mark Dunman. 5413: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5403: 5398: 5395: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5377: 5376:Nahum Sokolow 5374: 5371: 5367: 5364: 5360: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5325: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5278: 5258: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5244: 5228: 5224: 5217: 5202: 5198: 5191: 5183: 5179: 5172: 5164: 5160: 5154: 5146: 5142: 5136: 5128: 5122: 5114: 5112:9780415564144 5108: 5104: 5103: 5095: 5087: 5080: 5073: 5058: 5054: 5048: 5046: 5038:. 2012-07-13. 5037: 5033: 5027: 5012: 5006: 4992: 4988: 4982: 4974: 4973: 4965: 4957: 4953: 4947: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4913: 4899: 4895: 4888: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4854: 4847: 4840: 4836: 4832: 4831: 4824: 4816: 4812: 4805: 4790: 4786: 4780: 4764: 4760: 4759:"ncccusa.org" 4754: 4747: 4743: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4713:Stott, John. 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4696: 4692: 4691:Stephen Sizer 4685: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4666: 4658: 4651: 4648: 4639: 4630: 4624: 4622: 4620: 4610: 4604: 4602: 4600: 4598: 4590: 4587:, p. 212, at 4586: 4585: 4579: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4560: 4555: 4551: 4550:Hopko, Thomas 4547: 4543: 4539: 4533: 4526: 4523: 4514: 4498: 4494: 4490: 4486: 4479: 4477: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4451: 4444: 4438: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4416: 4408: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4393: 4385: 4371:on 2017-05-14 4370: 4366: 4362: 4355: 4348: 4347:0-310-27771-X 4344: 4340: 4336: 4330: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4283: 4275: 4269: 4265: 4258: 4250: 4244: 4240: 4233: 4224: 4220: 4214: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4192: 4188: 4181: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4163:9780813149899 4159: 4155: 4148: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4125: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4078: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4060:9781136316296 4056: 4052: 4045: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4027:9780814708378 4023: 4019: 4012: 4005: 3999: 3997: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3974: 3970: 3967:. Cambridge: 3966: 3965: 3957: 3942: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3909: 3895:on 2014-04-18 3894: 3890: 3886: 3879: 3873: 3869: 3866: 3861: 3855: 3854:1-85792-258-1 3851: 3847: 3842: 3835: 3831: 3828: 3823: 3816: 3811: 3804: 3798: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3780:0-7146-4850-7 3776: 3772: 3771: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3751: 3746: 3738: 3732: 3728: 3727: 3719: 3710: 3701: 3694: 3689: 3683:, Feb 4, 1918 3682: 3675: 3667: 3660: 3654: 3651: 3645: 3636: 3629: 3624: 3617: 3614: 3608: 3599: 3590: 3584: 3578: 3570: 3566: 3559: 3557: 3549: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3520: 3512: 3505: 3497: 3491: 3487: 3486: 3478: 3470: 3468:9780226734682 3464: 3460: 3453: 3439:on 2015-08-25 3438: 3434: 3430: 3423: 3409:on 2022-06-16 3408: 3404: 3403: 3398: 3391: 3384: 3378: 3364: 3360: 3354: 3346: 3339: 3337: 3328: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3308: 3301: 3287: 3281: 3267:on 2014-07-17 3266: 3262: 3260: 3252: 3243: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3214: 3205: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3185: 3181: 3174: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3152:World Affairs 3149: 3142: 3130: 3124: 3116: 3110: 3106: 3099: 3093:(2013), p. 62 3092: 3089:R.H. Popkin, 3086: 3084: 3077:(2013), p. 80 3076: 3070: 3055:on 2020-10-21 3054: 3050: 3044: 3035: 3026: 3017: 3008: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2977: 2975:9780851511634 2971: 2967: 2962: 2961: 2952: 2940: 2934: 2922: 2916: 2907: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2878: 2876:9780851512471 2872: 2868: 2861: 2859: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2839: 2838: 2831: 2825: 2821: 2818: 2812: 2805: 2799: 2784: 2783: 2778: 2771: 2769: 2760: 2758:9781107631960 2754: 2750: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2722: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2703: 2695: 2693: 2685: 2680: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2656: 2650: 2648: 2638: 2629: 2622: 2620:9780226877327 2616: 2612: 2605: 2603: 2595: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2577:Theodor Herzl 2572: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2540: 2535: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2524:lost to Islam 2521: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2505:Hebrew people 2502: 2501:Old Testament 2498: 2494: 2490: 2476: 2472: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2453: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2406: 2403:on behalf of 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2362: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2339: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2313:Messianic Age 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2292: 2288: 2277: 2276:Philosemitism 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2198: 2192: 2187: 2180: 2176: 2173: 2163: 2161: 2157: 2152: 2150: 2140: 2138: 2137:Stephen Sizer 2134: 2130: 2126: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2085: 2083: 2079: 2073: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2064: 2058: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2016: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1993: 1987: 1979: 1978: 1971: 1967: 1965: 1964:anathematized 1961: 1957: 1951:Protestantism 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1937:United States 1934: 1930: 1926: 1925: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1888: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1870: 1866: 1865:Theodor Herzl 1862: 1854: 1850: 1849:Theodor Herzl 1846: 1842: 1837: 1824: 1818: 1797: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1780:did consider 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1749: 1743: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1710: 1699: 1689: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1674: 1667: 1663: 1661: 1656: 1652: 1649: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1614:Genesis 27:29 1611: 1606: 1602: 1601:Pat Robertson 1598: 1597:Jerry Falwell 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1574: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1558: 1549: 1545: 1544:Shlomo Riskin 1541: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1526: 1525:Protestantism 1523:emerged from 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1504: 1491: 1488:community of 1487: 1483: 1482:Ulster Banner 1479: 1475: 1470: 1461: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1436: 1434: 1433:the Holocaust 1429: 1427: 1413: 1409: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1376: 1374: 1373:Theodor Herzl 1370: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1315:In 1839, the 1313: 1311: 1307: 1302: 1300: 1296: 1291: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1257: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1217: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1096: 1091: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1055:philo-semitic 1052: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1025: 1021: 1020:Edward Irving 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1000: 997: 993: 989: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 963: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 940:Thomas Corbet 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 905: 901: 897: 893: 888: 884: 882: 878: 877: 872: 871: 866: 862: 858: 854: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 809:Philhellenism 806: 800: 796: 792: 782: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 695: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 672:Sabbatai Zevi 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 623:New Christian 620: 616: 611: 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 589: 588:Second Coming 585: 581: 577: 576:John Fenwicke 573: 572:Peter Bulkley 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 528:millennialist 526: 525:Philo-Semitic 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 482: 477: 473: 471: 470:David Blondel 467: 463: 459: 458:Isaac Vossius 455: 454:Oliger Paulli 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 386: 381: 380: 375: 374:Theodore Beza 371: 367: 363: 359: 358:Presbyterians 356: 355:Lowland Scots 352: 348: 347: 342: 341: 337:included the 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 303: 301: 300:Old Testament 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 264: 259: 255: 254:people of God 251: 247: 243: 239: 234: 230: 226: 225:Martin Luther 222: 218: 210: 206: 202: 198: 193: 189: 188:Millennialism 185: 174: 173:Proto-Zionism 170: 160: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 129: 127: 123: 119: 118:Anita Shapira 115: 112: 108: 104: 99: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 72:Old Testament 69: 65: 61: 57: 56:Jewish people 53: 49: 42: 41: 35: 29: 22: 7829:Billy Sunday 7824:Billy Graham 7746:Institutions 7702:Exvangelical 7656:Bible church 7633:Tent revival 7628:Camp meeting 7549: 7430:Black church 7044:Samaritanism 7039:Baháʼí Faith 6815:Christianity 6780:Conservative 6643:Hebrew Roots 6575:Anti-Judaism 6565:Antisemitism 6480: 6350:Not one inch 6340:Antisemitism 6330:Anti-Zionism 6289:Yom HaAliyah 6085:Habonim Dror 6015:Hovevei Zion 5976: 5952:Post-Zionism 5835:Jewish state 5710: 5703: 5696: 5689: 5682: 5668: 5654: 5651:David Pawson 5644: 5634: 5631:Michael Oren 5624: 5610: 5596: 5582: 5570: 5546: 5534: 5531:Tony Campolo 5516: 5506: 5486: 5472: 5457: 5450: 5443: 5429: 5415: 5401: 5393: 5386: 5379: 5369: 5362: 5355: 5301: 5295: 5281: 5260:. 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