149:
347:), a large fortification of considerable antiquity that retains evidence of Byzantine and Arab periods of occupation, but is primarily an Armenian construction of the 12th and 13th centuries. Its circuit walls and towers at the south and west cover a distance of over 450 meters. Below the Cilician Gates is the medieval Armenian fortress of Anahşa with its large horseshoe-shaped towers and three entrances. Also in the vicinity of the Gates is a fort built in the 1830s by
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The distance from the
Anatolian plateau to the Cilician plain is about 110 kilometres (68 mi). In ancient times, this was a journey of nearly five days. Saint Paul spoke, according to the Bible, about being in "dangers from rivers" and "dangers from robbers" (2 Cor. 11:26). This may explain why
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and tunnels they built are among the marvels of railroad engineering; this route actually follows an ancient secondary road southeast from Pozantı, below Anahşa Dağı with its medieval
Armenian fortress. The railroad was opened in 1918; the
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side of the gateway, with 23 layers of occupation, is at 4,500 BCE, one of the oldest fortified settlements in the world. The ancient pathway was a track for mule caravans, not wheeled vehicles. The
202:
The
Cilician Gates have been a major commercial and military artery for millennia. In the early 20th century, a narrow-gauge railway was built through them, and today, the Tarsus-Ankara Highway (
300:- cities visited by Paul on his first journey (Acts 14; Gal. 1:2), with the purpose of strengthening their churches, at the beginning of the second preaching journey (Acts 15:40-41).
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536:. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University. pp. 62–65, 139–142, 281, 283, pls.6a-8b, 91a–94a.
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The
Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins, 1080-1393
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one of the world's oldest fortresses was built at the southeastern end of the
Cilician Gates around 4500 BCE. The
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have all traveled this route during their campaigns. The Bible testifies that Saint
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all passed through the
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The southern end of the
Cilician gates is about 44 km north of
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went this way as they went through Syria and
Cilicia. The Book of
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The new Larned
History for ready reference, reading and research
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The 1979 photographic survey and a plan of Anahşa castle
854:Emirler Archaeological Site and City Forest Museum
582:"Trains of Turkey | Network / CilicianGates"
351:during his Syrian campaign against the Ottomans.
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2215:Railroad engineering through the Cilician Gates
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759:List of populated places in Mersin Province
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354:When German engineers were working on the
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884:Mersin State Art and Sculpture Museum
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335:Above the Gates to the southwest is
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439:(in Turkish). Mersin Şehir Rehberi
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1835:Mersin Seventh Region Sports Hall
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16:Pass through the Taurus Mountains
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2338:Geography of ancient Cappadocia
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1412:Mezitli Producer Women's Market
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383:front in the closing months of
379:troops and war material to the
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217:and the northern end leads to
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1870:Nevin Yanıt Athletics Complex
950:Frederick Barbarossa Memorial
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191:connecting the low plains of
2353:Landforms of Mersin Province
2343:Geography of ancient Cilicia
1850:Mersin Olympic Swimming Pool
1784:Gazi Mustafa Kemal Boulevard
1709:Transport in Mersin Province
914:Tarsus Çanakkale Park Museum
864:Mersin Archaeological Museum
818:Institute of Marine Sciences
504:Ghazarian, Jacob G. (2000).
397:Battle of the Cilician Gates
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1749:Karacailyas railway station
1353:Temple of Jupiter (Silifke)
889:Mersin Urban History Museum
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571:new edition, 1960–85, p.38.
569:The Encyclopaedia of Islam,
532:Edwards, Robert W. (1987).
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330:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
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2358:History of Mersin Province
1830:Macit Özcan Sports Complex
1591:Mersin Interfaith Cemetery
1053:Casemates of İbrahim Pasha
508:. Routledge. p. 122.
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2348:Mountain passes of Turkey
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2203:Livius.org: Cilician Gate
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306:Army of the Ten Thousand
288:speaks of the cities of
1885:Toroslar Bocce Facility
1759:Taşkent railway station
1459:Atatürk Cultural Center
1048:Caracalla's inscription
210:) passes through them.
1890:Erdemli Shooting Range
1860:Mersin Volleyball Hall
1840:Mersin Gymnastics Hall
1744:Tırmıl railway station
1739:Yenice railway station
1734:Tarsus railway station
1729:Mersin railway station
1570:Mersin Orthodox Church
1565:Mersin Catholic Church
1534:Grand Mosque of Tarsus
1514:Grand Mosque of Mersin
998:Ancient road in Tarsus
909:Silifke Atatürk Museum
567:M. Canard, “Cilicia,”
463:Josephus Nelson Larned
349:Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt
1927:Geographical features
1855:Mersin Tennis Complex
1774:İsmet İnönü Boulevard
1378:Veyselli rock reliefs
1278:Roman road in Cilicia
1153:Imbriogon (Demircili)
924:Taşucu Atatürk Museum
869:Mersin Atatürk Museum
461:, p. 8-11, quoted in
127:37.28528°N 34.78611°E
2122:Karaekşi Nature Park
2117:Gümüşkum Nature Park
2112:Aydıncık Nature Park
1875:Servet Tazegül Arena
849:Erdemli Yörük Museum
236:), which guards the
2142:Cennet and Cehennem
2132:Erdemli Pine Groove
2127:Pullu I Nature Park
1900:Tarsus City Stadium
1895:Erdemli Sports Hall
1865:Mezitli Sports Hall
1809:Aydıncık Lighthouse
1764:Mersin Bus Terminus
1575:Saint Paul's Church
1539:Kubat Pasha Medrese
1223:Mausoleum of Danyal
894:Mersin Water Museum
879:Mersin Naval Museum
375:working line moved
310:Alexander the Great
250:Alexander the Great
123: /
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1719:Taşucu Seka Harbor
1666:Industry and trade
1198:Kuzucubelen Castle
1178:Kırkkaşık Bedesten
1143:Hasanaliler Church
1068:Çanakçı rock tombs
1038:Belenkeşlik Castle
339:Kalesi (Armenian:
320:on his way to the
132:37.28528; 34.78611
49:1,050 m (3,445 ft)
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1799:Mersin Lighthouse
1544:Laal Pasha Mosque
1529:Tarsus Old Mosque
1519:Mersin Old Mosque
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1283:Saint Paul's Well
1173:Kelenderis mosaic
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808:Tarsus University
798:Mersin University
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437:"Mersin-Coğrafya"
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1693:Mersin Free Zone
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1108:Elaiussa Sebaste
1058:Cleopatra's gate
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1992:Yelkenli Island
1962:Babadıl Islands
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2300:
2298:
2297:Kızıldağ Pass
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2277:Çaykavak Pass
2275:
2273:
2272:Belkahve Pass
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2233:
2231:
2226:
2225:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2188:
2183:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2162:Aydıncık Cave
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2152:Egma Sinkhole
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2087:Sertavul Pass
2085:
2083:
2082:Yerköprü Fall
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2062:Mezitli River
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2032:Babadıl Creek
2030:
2028:
2027:Soğuksu Creek
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
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1980:
1978:
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1968:
1965:
1963:
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1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1947:Kızılbağ Pond
1945:
1943:
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1838:
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1833:
1831:
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1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:Sports venues
1816:
1810:
1807:
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1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1794:Boğsak Tunnel
1792:
1790:
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1714:Mersin Harbor
1712:
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1622:Birkapılı Dam
1620:
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1510:
1509:Muğdat Mosque
1507:
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1496:
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1487:
1485:
1484:Mersin Marina
1482:
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1393:Yelbiz Castle
1391:
1389:
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1369:
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1364:
1363:Tokmar Castle
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1263:Olba Aqueduct
1261:
1259:
1256:
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1236:
1234:
1233:Meydan Castle
1231:
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1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:Mamure Castle
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1193:Kravga Bridge
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1189:
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1183:Kızlar Kalesi
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1073:Çandır Castle
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1013:Athena relief
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922:
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919:Tarsus Museum
917:
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895:
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890:
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874:Mersin Museum
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
839:Anamur Museum
837:
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830:
824:
821:
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610:
605:
603:
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583:
577:
570:
564:
558:
553:
545:
543:0-88402-163-7
539:
535:
528:
526:
517:
515:0-7007-1418-9
511:
507:
500:
494:
491:
487:
481:
475:
471:
468:
464:
460:
454:
438:
432:
428:
418:
417:Caspian Gates
415:
413:
410:
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403:
400:
398:
395:
394:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
326:First Crusade
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
301:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:First Crusade
271:
267:
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259:
255:
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247:
243:
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231:
222:
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211:
209:
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178:
150:
141:
136:
108:
106:
102:
99:
96:
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90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
56:
52:
48:
46:
42:
35:
30:
25:
20:
2281:
2102:Karakız Lake
2072:Berdan River
2067:Efrenk River
2017:Dragon Creek
1967:Boğsak Islet
1905:Tarsus Arena
1845:Mersin Arena
1652:Pamukluk Dam
1612:Alaköprü Dam
1524:Müftü Mosque
1479:Atatürk Park
1343:Tekir ambarı
1313:Softa Castle
1303:Sinap Castle
1273:Pasha's Tomb
1268:Öküzlü ruins
1138:Gülek Castle
1133:Gözne Castle
1083:Dağlı Castle
832:Museums etc.
791:Universities
576:
568:
563:
552:
533:
505:
499:
489:
485:
480:
469:
466:
458:
453:
441:. Retrieved
431:
381:Mesopotamian
373:narrow-gauge
353:
344:
340:
334:
302:
228:
212:
201:
187:through the
180:
176:
174:
54:Traversed by
27:Gülek Boğazı
2317:Zigana Pass
2302:Kolsuz Pass
2137:Kanlıdivane
2047:Alata River
2042:Lamas River
2037:Göksu River
2002:Cape Anamur
1987:Saplı Islet
1977:Dana Island
1937:Mersin Gulf
1657:Silifke HES
1627:Gezende Dam
1338:Tece Castle
1333:Taşhan, Mut
1188:Kilise Tepe
1168:Karakabaklı
1008:Aphrodisias
968:Adamkayalar
652:Center city
642:Settlements
385:World War I
312:before the
130: /
105:Coordinates
2332:Categories
2282:Gülek Pass
2267:Belen Pass
2262:Bahçe Pass
2092:Gülek Pass
2057:Tece Creek
2022:Sini Creek
2007:Cape Tisan
1678:ACS Mersin
1647:Otluca HES
1617:Berdan Dam
1584:Cemeteries
1489:Tarsus Zoo
1248:Mut Castle
1243:Mezgitkale
1028:Baç Bridge
978:Ala Bridge
718:Çamlıyayla
668:Districts
472:"Armenia"
423:References
268:, and the
258:Byzantines
219:Cappadocia
181:Gülek Pass
118:34°47′10″E
115:37°17′07″N
38:Gülek Pass
2292:Karboğazı
2097:Karboğazı
1942:Paradeniz
1398:Yumuktepe
1308:Sinekkale
1128:Gözlükule
1088:Dikilitaş
1003:Anemurium
933:Monuments
692:Yenişehir
493:full text
474:full text
322:Galatians
286:Galatians
270:Crusaders
262:Sasanians
230:Yumuktepe
45:Elevation
2307:Kop Pass
2206:Archived
1688:Çimsataş
1683:Sodakrom
1558:Churches
1502:madrasas
1388:Yanıkhan
1158:Işıkkale
1113:Emirzeli
1098:Dörtayak
1093:Donuktaş
1078:Çatıören
1033:Balabolu
993:Anchiale
708:Aydıncık
687:Toroslar
488:, 1890,
443:March 1,
391:See also
368:viaducts
360:Istanbul
358:between
343:; Arab:
242:Hittites
232:(modern
78:Location
70: /
1498:Mosques
1253:Nagidos
1228:Melenia
1208:Lampron
1163:Kabaçam
1063:Corycus
781:Culture
738:Silifke
723:Erdemli
713:Bozyazı
682:Mezitli
677:Akdeniz
459:Armenia
402:Cilicia
377:Ottoman
364:Baghdad
298:Iconium
272:of the
266:Mongols
225:History
195:to the
193:Cilicia
1469:Mertim
1442:Modern
1407:others
1358:Tırmıl
973:Akkale
961:wealth
743:Tarsus
728:Gülnar
703:Anamur
670:(İlçe)
659:Mersin
540:
512:
490:passim
345:Kawlāk
341:Kuklak
296:, and
294:Lystra
254:Romans
252:, the
246:Greeks
234:Mersin
215:Tarsus
86:Turkey
1123:Gömeç
1018:Aulai
412:Gülek
337:Gülek
290:Derbe
282:Silas
238:Adana
183:is a
93:Range
1605:Dams
1318:Soli
1258:Olba
538:ISBN
510:ISBN
470:s.v.
445:2009
362:and
280:and
208:O-21
185:pass
175:The
68:O-21
1500:and
733:Mut
204:E90
179:or
72:E90
2334::
524:^
465:,
387:.
332:.
316:,
308:,
292:,
264:,
260:,
256:,
248:,
244:,
221:.
206:,
84:,
2243:e
2236:t
2229:v
615:e
608:t
601:v
584:.
546:.
518:.
447:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
