Commander-in-chief

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the "comandante en jefe" rank is not only a function attributed to the executive branch but a full military rank given to the president upon taking office. Upon assumption he receives a saber, epaulette, shoulder knot, shoulder board and sleeve insignia and full military uniform to be used in military events while performing the duties as president. The shoulder insignia mirrors Cuban practice but is derived from the German-styled officer rank insignia.

1910: 5033:; and is thus the present day closest equivalent of a command-in-chief, although not explicitly designated as such. The reason for this change was, apart from the fact that the king was since 1917 no longer expected to make political decisions without ministerial advice, that the new Instrument of Government was intended to be made as descriptive on the workings of the State as possible, and reflective on how decisions are actually made. 5120: 3716:. U.S. ranks have their roots in British military traditions, with the president possessing ultimate authority, but no rank, maintaining a civilian status. The exact degree of authority that the Constitution grants to the president as commander-in-chief has been the subject of much debate throughout history, with Congress at various times granting the president wide authority and at others attempting to restrict that authority. 1195: 1383: 3800: 3334:. All members of the government were at that time trapped/held hostage in Parliament and were unable to counter sign the kings orders. This did not however result in those orders being ruled unenforceable or unconstitutional. The coup collapsed after the king ordered all army units to leave the streets and return to their barracks. Furthermore, article 97 stipulates that; 1163:". It also states that the president is entitled to provide military posts in the granting of the jobs or grades of senior officers of the armed forces, and by itself on the battlefield; runs with its organization and distribution according to needs of the Nation and declares war and orders reprisals with the consent and approval of the 3782:. In this capacity, the president give decisions on declaring war or martial law, the appointment of senior officials, and the development of the armed forces. In the event of an attack on the republic, the president announce a state of war and will submit within 72 hours a resolution for a plan of action to the 6157:

Under the direction of the President, and subject to the provisions of this Act, the military command of, and all executive and administrative powers in relation to, the Defence Forces, including the power to delegate command and authority, shall be exercisable by the Government and, subject to such

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Lastly, Article 62 states: "If there is a danger threatening the safety of the Kingdom or its territorial integrity, or the security of its people and its interests, or which impedes the functioning of the state institutions, the King may take urgent measures in order to deal with this danger And if

2958:

The President of the Republic, for a period of war, shall appoint the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces on request of the Prime Minister. He may dismiss the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in accordance with the same procedure. The authority of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces,

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serves as the commander-in-chief of New Zealand and is constitutionally the supreme authority in defence matters in New Zealand. In practice however, the position of the commander-in-chief is ceremonial, with the governor-general primarily serving as a "patron of the New Zealand Defence Force". The

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as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces under Article 168 of the Constitution. Whilst the General acts as the highest military authority with a high degree of autonomy, he is still subordinate to the Federal Council (See Articles 58, 60, 174, 177, 180 & 185). The Federal Assembly retains the

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According to the Venezuelan constitution, the president is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The office of the Venezuelan military supreme commander in chief has always been held by the president of Venezuela as per constitutional requirements. However, with a new law sanctioned in 2008,

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The Governor shall be commander in chief of the Kentucky active militia, and the adjutant general shall be the executive officer and shall be responsible to the Governor for the proper functioning of the Kentucky active militia, and he is hereby authorized and empowered to take necessary action to

1723:

does not explicitly designate the monarch as commander-in-chief; it is implicit, given the general provision in article 12 and the more specific wording of article 19 (2): "Except for purposes of defence against an armed attack upon the Realm or Danish forces, the King shall not use military force

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has responsibility to assist the president in defense issues and create policies about authorization use of military force, manage defense budget, etc. According to article 11 of the Constitution, For authorization use of military forces or declaration of war, the president must get approval from

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Mostly ceremonial heads of state (constitutional monarchs, viceroys and presidents in parliamentary republics) with residual substantive reserve powers over the armed forces, acting under normal circumstances on the constitutional advice of chief executives with the political mandate to undertake

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and other ministers). This is a logical consequence of articles 12, 13 and 14, all of which in essence stipulates that the powers vested in the monarch can only be exercised through ministers, who are responsible for all acts. Thus, the Government, in effect, holds the supreme command authority

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for decisions concerning the above-mentioned provisions as per Articles 63(3–4), or otherwise, they are not valid. The prime minister may delegate to other ministers the right to countersign these decisions of the president. The political responsibility for the Armed Forces is borne by the

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For example: "Ordered, That this House joins and agrees with the House of Commons in this Vote; and that the Lord Admiral is hereby desired, from both Houses of Parliament, that the Commander in Chief of this Summer's Fleet under his Lordship, may be the Earl of Warwicke.",

4828:". Nevertheless, the role of the monarch as commander in chief was ceremonial as in most European constitutional monarchies. As a consequence of being only part of the government, monarchs of the Netherlands do not hold a military rank. The current king of the Netherlands 3556:

to meet, to preside over the National Security Council, to proclaim martial law or state of emergency, and to issue decrees having the force of law, upon a decision of the Council of Ministers meeting under his/her chairmanship. With all these issues above written in the

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The Federal Parliament passed the Federal Armed Forces Act to consolidate in one law all regulations that govern the three services ( Army, Navy, and Air Force ). It establishes the function and duties of the Federal Head of State in the capacity as Supreme Commander.

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Placing the command authority over the armed forces directly with the responsible minister in charge of the military establishment breaks with the longstanding German constitutional tradition in both earlier monarchical and republican systems of placing it with the

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perfect and maintain an efficient organization for the purposes herein set out. He shall have charge of all matters of administration and organization, which shall be in all respects, insofar as necessary and applicable, the same as that of the National Guard.

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is the highest ranked professional military officer, and serves as an intermediary between the minister of defence and the Armed Forces, and is responsible to the minister for military-strategic planning, operations and deployment of the Armed Forces.

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as the supreme commander of the Armed Forces. However, Maltese law allows the president to raise by voluntary enlistment and maintain an armed force. Likewise, the law allows the president to issue orders in order to the administrate the armed forces.

6095: 1410:). The Belarusian commander in chief has an official uniform befitting of the rank, which the president wears on official occasion and ceremonies in relation to the military. The role of commander in chief is laid out in Article 28 of the 7361: 2853:

have since become strictly representative and ceremonial, such as the formal appointment and dismissal of the prime minister and other ministers in the executive government. Accordingly, the Monarch is commander-in-chief of the

5848: 6548: 1849:, the president played a major role at all levels of the planning of the war, and was, in a literal sense, Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, giving direct orders to the commanders from the headquarters during the war as 5263:"). Although Switzerland remained neutral during the latter three conflicts, the threat of having its territory used as a battlefield by the much bigger war parties of Germany and France required mobilization of the army. 3381:, since 1978 except for a few rare occasions the president retained the portfolio defence, thus being the minister of defence. The ministry and the armed forces have been controlled by the during these periods by either a 2888:" on 20 March 1972 during military reforms The chief of staff is a four-star officer whose term is 3 years, but can be extended or renewed once. After 1973 constitution The chief of Army/Air/Naval staff is chosen by the 2971:

was appointed the commander-in-chief for the time of war (Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces). However, after the war this function ceased to exist—thus it is likely that if Poland formally participates in a war, the

5878: 2504:. The chief of staff is also appointed by the president from senior military officers. The president as commander-in-chief also has authority in senior military officer mutation and promotion in tour of duty. The 1070:, which is sometimes used as a specific term. The term is also used for military officers who hold such power and authority, not always through dictatorship, and as a subordinate (usually) to a head of state (see 7170:"§ 1 The office of the Reichspräsident is merged with that of the Reichskanzler. Therefore, the previous rights of the Reichspräsident pass over to the Führer and Reichskanzler Adolf Hitler. He names his deputy." 1374:, reinstated to active duty by official BD government order, which after independence was gazetted in 1972. He retired on 7 April 1972 and relinquished all authority and duties to the president of Bangladesh. 3790:

will serve in an official capacity as the deputy supreme commander-in-chief of the armed forces, essentially assisting the president in his day-to-day activities and decisions regarding national security.

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at all times. By assigning it directly to the responsible minister, instead of with the Federal Chancellor, this also meant that military affairs is but one of the many integrated responsibilities of the

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The king regularly chairs sessions of the National Security Council, the Joint Chiefs of staff and the individual general staffs of each branch of the Armed Forces in his capacity as supreme commander.

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Both the Organic Law of the Mexican Army and Air Force and the Organic Law of the Mexican Navy clearly state the president of the Republic is "Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces". The President is

2794: 7580: 3064: 6292: 2645:, who acts as the principal military adviser to the president and the National Security Council. The Chief of the Kenya Defence Forces is drawn from one of the branches of the Armed Forces, the 9196: 2051:

also has key constitutional powers under article 21: "He shall be responsible for national defence" and has "power to make regulations and shall make appointments to civil and military posts".

7606: 6445:"Review of the Performance of the Defence Force in Relation to Expected Standards of Behaviour, and in Particular the Leaking and Inappropriate Use of Information by Defence Force Personnel" 8669: 7074: 5157:, the Federal Council can only, in the operational sense, command a maximum of 4,000 soldiers, with a time limit of three weeks of mobilisation. For it to field more service personnel, the 1359:, headed by the minister of defence, which provides the policy framework and resources to the Armed Forces to discharge their responsibilities in the context of the defence of the country. 4519:, Hitler withdrew the commander-in-chief title, abolished the war ministerial post and assumed personal command of the Armed Forces. The war ministerial post was de facto overtaken by the 9229: 2601:

and chairman of the supreme defense council constituted by law, although effective executive power and responsibility for national defence resides with the government headed by the

2140:, France has been strongly centralised. After crushing local nobles engaged in warlord-ism, the kings of France retained all authority with the help of able yet discreet Prime ministers ( 2098: 1487: 5220:

sole power to dismiss the General, but the General remains subordinate to the Federal Council by the council's ability to demobilise, thereby making the position of General redundant.

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The state president and the CMC chairman are distinctly separate state offices and they have not always been held by the same persons. However, beginning in 1993, during the tenure of

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The president exercises supreme command with accordance to the law. As commander in chief, the president has the power to declare war however they must subject to the approval of the

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further remarked in the government bill that any continued pretensions of royal involvement in government decisions would be of a "fictitious nature" and "highly unsatisfactory".

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was also temporarily acting president but later was elected president.) Since the National Security Act of 1947, the commander-in-chief provision has been understood to mean all

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is the central authority of the state administration for the control of the Armed Forces. The actual day-to-day management is vested in the chief of the general staff, the Czech

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duties) the power to proclaim martial law, proclaim a state of war, and to issue mobilisation orders upon the decision of National People's Congress and its Standing Committee.

1450: 3905:. Since its introduction in the 2nd century BC, it is often used today to describe famous and high-ranking military officials. Notable Armenians to have held the title include 8674: 6392: 5672: 9625: 9126: 5283:(CHOD) is usually used as a generic term for the highest-ranked office held by a professional military officer on active duty, irrespective of their actual title or powers. 4881: 1576:. In this capacity, the governor general is entitled to the uniform of a general/flag officer, with the crest of the office and special cuff braid serving as rank insignia. 9206: 5930: 5107:. The military staff is headed by a senior officer (usually a general or admiral, retired from active service) and is composed of active duty military officers serving as 4362: 1632: 5886: 9718: 4728:. On this basis, there is no direct link between the head of state and the armed forces. For this reason, this link is mediated by the minister responsible for defence. 3084: 9642: 8741: 5181: 3995:; although the slight differences in the start and end of terms for those respective offices means that there is some overlap between an occupant and his predecessor. 2003:, lit. "state of defence") are declared by a presidential decree, given after a motion by the government, which is then submitted to the Parliament for ratification. 1579:

By constitutional convention, the Crown's prerogative powers over the armed forces and constitutional powers as commander-in-chief are exercised on the advice of the

8805: 6884: 3582: 2913: 5500: 3377:, chaired by the president is the authority charged with formulating and executing defence policy for the nation. The highest level of military headquarters is the 2708:

The Federal Constitution establishes that the office of Supreme Commander is attached to the person of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong as the Federation's head of state:

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being the first commander-in-chief. However, Abolhassan Bani Sadr was impeached on 22 June 1981. It was after this event that the role of commander-in-chief of the

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and the General Logistics Department. However, military policy is ultimately directed by the Central Military Commission of the ruling Communist Party of Vietnam.

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The president commissions and promotes officers and decides on activating reservists for extraordinary service and on the mobilisation of the Defence Forces. If

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All promotions to military rank and positions in the high command of the armed forces are made by Royal decree signed by the king and the minister of defense

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Prop. 1973:90. Kungl. Maj:ts proposition med förslag till ny regeringsform och ny riksdagsordning m. m.; given Stockholms slott den 16 mars 1973. p. 172-175.

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has the right to be present when the president uses his command powers, unless the matter is of immediate concern. In questions of strategic importance, the

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and was abolished after his death. In peace, the commander-in-chief exercises his command through the minister of defence. In war and in cases where the

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holds the ceremonial title of Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. A member of the government, usually defence minister, is commander-in-chief of the

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As with most remaining European monarchies, the position of the Spanish monarch as the nominal head of the armed forces is deeply rooted in tradition.

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is the Supreme Commander of the Ethiopian Armed Forces which is the ceremonial role that is limited to granting high military titles and awards. The

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House of Representatives. The commander of the Armed Forces gives recommendations to the minister of defense in creating national defense policies.

1059:; although the legislature does not issue orders directly to the armed forces and therefore does not control the military in any operational sense. 9590: 9347: 8686: 8266: 7986: 7716: 3988: 3958: 3954: 7085: 6222: 2776: 9713: 9660: 9373: 9307: 9114: 9109: 8696: 8271: 7048: 5165:

who is given four stars. Thus, the General is elected by the Federal Assembly to give him the same democratic legitimacy as the Federal Council.

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and the ministers, and that only ministers are responsible for acts of government. Article 45 further defines the ministers as constituting the

1486:. In war and in cases where the minister of defence is not fulfilling orders, the commander-in-chief exercises his command directly through the 1302:

and the Chief of the Defence Force by virtue of section 9A, shall be exercised subject to and in accordance with any directions of the Minister.

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Dupuy, Trevor N., Curt Johnson, and Grace P. Hayes. "Supreme Commander." Dictionary of Military Terms. New York: The H.W. Wilson Company, 1986.

4350: 3973: 2846:, officially retains executive power. Article 25 of the constitution states: "The King is commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the realm" 2701:. As such, he is the highest-ranking officer in the military establishment, with the power to appoint the Chief of Staff (on the advice of the 3251:

In accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, the commander-in-chief and the supreme authority on all military matters is the

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According to the Guyanese constitution, the president is commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. There is a rank insignia for the position.

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Article 61 further states: "The King declares a state of emergency, general mobilization and war, and the law defines the rules for this."

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and is by unwritten convention regarded as the foremost head and representative of the Swedish Armed Forces. The king has, as part of his

4910:. Since 2018, he started issuing orders in the name of the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, instead of the Supreme Commander. 3823:, through his post as chairman of National Defense and Security Council. Though this position is nominal and real power is assumed by the 3619:

of the armed forces. The King, however, remains the ceremonial "ultimate authority" of the military, with officers and personnel swearing

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On 15 August 1947, each service was placed under its own commander-in-chief. In 1955, the three service chiefs were re-designated as the

6955:"LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN : ON INTRODUCING AMENDMENTS AND ADDITIONS TO THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN "ON DEFENSE"" 6317: 4832:

resigned from his military ranks (equivalent to one-star general in all branches) upon becoming king in 2013. He has been provided with

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and CMC chairman, it has been standard practice to have the offices of the CCP general secretary, president, and the CMC chairman to be

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is the commander-in-chief of all the Military Forces. He appoints officers and puts an end to their duties in accordance with the law."

2612: 1236: 9516: 9446: 9413: 9153: 9142: 9085: 8866: 8256: 6576: 6254: 5619: 5382: 5193: 3561:, the executive rights are given to the president of the Republic of Turkey to be represented as the commander-in-chief of the nation. 3496: 2497: 1201: 6929: 6275: 5701: 1043:(monarchical or republican) usually holds the position of commander-in-chief, even if effective executive power is held by a separate 9765: 9675: 9531: 9332: 9322: 9168: 8762: 8363: 8230: 8041: 6979: 5543: 4280:

the command authority should directly reside where it would be exercised and where it is subject to the parliamentary control of the

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The Governor is commander in chief of a militia that shall be provided by statute. The Governor may call it forth to execute the law.

2006:

The president has, in a state of emergency, the right to transfer the position of the commander-in-chief to another Finnish citizen.

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and is responsible for advising the Minister, for the implementation of defence policy and for the administration of the department.

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as well as the principle of his subordination to the constitutional organs of the Republic of Poland, shall be specified by statute.

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governor-general exercises their authority as commander-in-chief on the advice of the minister of defence or other ministers of the

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transferred the supreme authority to the King (in the context of the short-lived constitutional monarchy), then to the multi-member

2036:; the officeholder is as such the supreme executive authority in military affairs. Article 16 provides the president with extensive 9840: 9505: 9441: 9383: 9327: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9239: 9035: 9025: 8861: 8782: 8777: 8736: 8584: 8402: 8368: 8143: 5970: 5669: 4227: 3854: 2764: 957: 603: 6912: 5385:

of the Constitution states that provisions referring to the Queen in the Act "shall extend to Her Majesty's heirs and successors".

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conducts all military and political activities under the leadership of the Party." Article 30 invests commanding authority to the

2712:

Federal Constitution, Article 41 - The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Federation.

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Are chief executives with the political mandate to undertake discretionary decision-making, including command of the armed forces.

9771: 9650: 9342: 9302: 9259: 9254: 9163: 8831: 5173: 4869: 4814: 4571: 4085: 3685: 2881: 1620: 7044: 4606:

only retains a ceremonial and honorary role of awarding medals and decorations on the recommendation of the commander-in-chief.

9869: 9782: 9680: 9453: 8851: 8772: 8731: 6794: 6510: 4755: 4567: 4515:, the title of Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in 1935, when conscription was reintroduced. However, in 1938 due to the 4237:

has thus no role in the command of the forces, although he continues to receive the ceremonial honors due to his position as a

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is not in session when a decision to mobilise is taken, it must be immediately convened. Declarations of a state of emergency (

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Politik und Militär in Deutschland: die Bundespräsidenten und Bundeskanzler und ihre Beziehung zu Soldatentum und Bundeswehr

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is the commander-in-chief of Armed Forces and in command of the military. He appoints, promotes and recalls officers of the

1845:, who briefly served as president from 2012 to 2013, all Egyptian presidents have been former military officers. During the 1708: 9845: 9835: 9223: 9216: 8916: 8836: 8721: 8646: 8594: 8351: 8339: 7709: 7641: 6822: 5827: 5802: 4425: 4311: 3608: 3221: 2985: 1676: 1660: 1475: 1116: 9879: 9792: 9735: 9490: 9436: 9426: 9020: 8939: 8876: 8856: 8846: 8826: 8526: 8356: 8344: 8324: 8136: 8059: 6746: 5504: 4829: 4354: 3950: 3934: 3729: 3317: 3080: 2077: 1810: 1623:. There was originally a rank insignia and name for the position, known as "Vrhovnik". This was held by former President 35: 3552:, and to decide on the mobilization of the Turkish Armed Forces, to appoint the chief of the general staff, to call the 3324:, for them to become valid. This counter/signature is used to limit a possible abuse of power by any single individual. 9934: 9899: 9894: 9690: 9457: 9388: 9271: 9158: 9148: 8911: 8800: 8726: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8559: 8453: 8331: 8225: 7486: 7181: 5470: 5353: 3553: 3465: 3354: 2884:, heads of the navy and the air force were also titled as "Commander-in-Chief". The head of army term was replaced to " 2797:

consolidated the roles of governor-general and commander-in-chief into one office, with its compounded title being the

2638: 2501: 2375: 2015: 1814: 1644: 46: 17: 7669: 7422: 7015: 3176:

the King considers that these measures should continue, he may then implement the necessary regulations to this end."

9500: 9476: 9099: 9060: 9008: 8767: 8757: 8468: 8036: 7968: 7418: 6525: 6486: 4844: 4840: 4818: 4421: 4349:, which established a council consisting of a chairman and at least 12 members. This was later incorporated into the 4302: 4129: 4020: 3549: 3429: 3425: 3048: 2867: 2616:

President of Italian Republic Sergio Mattarella lays a laurel wreath on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Rome, 2022

2594: 1728:. Any measure which the King may take in pursuance of this provision shall forthwith be submitted to the Folketing". 1156: 3224:. The constitution places conditions on when and how that power may be employed and requires regular reports to the 9929: 9889: 9665: 9655: 9471: 9244: 9234: 9073: 8989: 8288: 6989: 5423: 5297: 4642:

who, despite being subordinate to the minister of defense, holds the highest level of command within the military.

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in his capacity as commander-in-chief, salutes the caskets of 18 individual soldiers killed in Afghanistan in 2009.

3604: 3594: 2973: 2457: 2413: 1669: 1665: 1356: 1279: 1263: 1235:

The command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the Governor-General as the

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other military command matters with wide-ranging importance to the military activity or the military establishment

1668:, which in Article 67 is defined as the "supreme body of executive power". According to Articles 39 & 43, the 1655:

according to Article 63(1)(c), and appoints and promotes generals under Article 63(1)(f). The president needs the

1063:

and colonial governors are also often appointed commander-in-chief of the military forces within their territory.

9919: 9314: 9067: 8996: 8966: 8589: 8506: 8054: 7993: 7702: 6194: 5777: 5204: 5158: 4983: 4801: 4795: 4639: 3941:

assumes overall responsibility for the work of the Central Military Commission and that it is responsible to the

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and the chairperson of the National Security Council. There is a rank for the position. The president appoints a

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Nonetheless, the Presidential Palaces are guarded by the Armed Forces as a symbolic gesture of social cohesion.

1131: 9967: 9939: 9787: 9777: 8972: 8934: 8569: 8564: 8554: 8475: 8220: 7847: 6553: 4848: 4535: 4469:) had its own head who reported directly to the head of state and held the highest rank in his service; in the 4417: 4230:, under Article 115b, assumes the command authority over the armed forces. As of 2023, this has never happened. 3966: 3677: 3600: 3469: 2702: 2554: 2437: 1878: 1652: 1295: 619: 2322: 9824: 8926: 8549: 8516: 8427: 8293: 7368: 6790: 5052: 4047: 3962: 3942: 3846: 3612: 3155: 3015:) refers to the unified military commander of all the land, naval and air forces in a theater of operations. 2885: 2674: 2189: 1973: 1952: 1794: 1758: 1628: 1198: 990:. As a technical term, it refers to military competencies that reside in a country's executive leadership, a 7397:

The Legal And Constitutional Position of the Netherlands Armed Forces and International Military Cooperation

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Responsibility for the management of the forces is Ministry of Defence, while the planning and execution of

1414:, which states that he/she has the authority to "appoint and dismiss the high command of the Armed Forces". 9962: 9697: 8544: 8511: 6363: 5680: 5034: 4635: 3287: 3263: 3213: 3076: 2919: 2081: 1352: 1332: 950: 596: 6158:

exceptions and limitations as the Government may from time to time determine, through and by the Minister.

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is the government department that assists and serves the president in the management of the armed forces (

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shall conduct domestic and foreign policy, civil and military administration and the defence of the State

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In 1981 the king as supreme commander of the armed forces assumed direct command in order to put down a

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must give consent to the dispatch of Czech military forces outside the territory of the Czech Republic.

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Since September 2022, a reference to the Queen in a clause of the Constitution is now a reference to

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This constitutional provision can and has been made the subject of an exception in crisis situations.

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of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States." There have been 46

3217: 3162: 3119: 2449: 2429: 1977: 1818: 1778: 1742: 1700: 1631:

is not fulfilling orders, the commander-in-chief exercises his command directly through the chief of

1553: 1523: 1367: 1291: 1287: 1282:

shall have the general control and administration of the Defence Force, and the powers vested in the

1228: 1152: 351: 7676:(as of March 2012), The Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation. Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5773: 4301:, which kept the military establishment as an autonomous force outside the control of politics; the 2428:) with the president as the supreme commander. The chief of the air staff was raised to the rank of 2374:. The commander in chief also appoints the chiefs of each branch of the armed forces as well as the 9559: 9461: 8085: 8016: 7941: 6806: 5022: 4836:

to show his lasting commitment to the armed forces, but these represent no formal rank whatsoever.

4786: 4631: 4563: 3957:. In practice, both commissions have identitical membership, except for a brief period between the 3850: 3741: 3725: 3252: 3103: 2686: 2546: 2284: 2221: 2116: 2048: 2044: 1858: 1580: 1312: 1244: 919: 806: 418: 113: 7274: 4946:

were exempted from land taxation if they provided cavalrymen to the king's service. Following the

4843:

has the primary ministerial responsibility for the armed forces, which are formally a part of the

3529: 2733:

shall "Preserve national security, in accordance with the respective law, and dispose of the full

9977: 9924: 9914: 8192: 7799: 6733: 6170: 6145: 5620:"Детям об армии › Библиотека › Руководство вооруженных сил РБ › Главнокомандующий" 5208: 4877: 4697: 3771: 3511: 3398: 3115: 2989: 2820: 2760: 2602: 2477: 1928: 1720: 1696: 1612: 1423: 1411: 1399: 1348: 1344: 1112: 943: 736: 681: 589: 7476:

Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2023) art. 103 (in Korean).

7131: 3412:

who is the most senior officer in the Armed Forces and is an appointment that can be held by an

2488:). The commander of the Armed Forces is appointed by the president from active chiefs of staff ( 2436:

in 1968. Starting from 1 January 2020, all the three chiefs of staff report to the newly formed

2224:, head of government, although the president, head of state, retained ceremonial powers. During 9817: 9481: 8046: 7725: 5026: 4987: 4599: 4547: 4298: 3558: 3370: 3139: 3131: 3056: 2855: 2850: 2849:

However, following the introduction of a parliamentary system of government, the duties of the

2787: 2726: 2666: 2534: 2453: 2276: 2202: 2033: 1898: 1790: 1503: 1499: 1320: 776: 322: 7629: 7210: 4160:

was amended in 1956 to include constitutional provisions for the command of the armed forces.

3901:) was a used to describe the supreme commander of the military forces of ancient and medieval 3204:. In peacetime, the role of commander in chief is usually assumed by the minister of defence. 8245: 8064: 7946: 7588: 6310: 5541: 5216: 5162: 5146: 5138: 4979: 4682: 4623: 4105: 4012: 3875: 3449: 3201: 3095: 3029: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2828: 2690: 2626: 2590: 2558: 2485: 2364: 2296: 2280: 2217: 2112: 2108: 1984: 1948: 1890: 1838: 1561: 1316: 1248: 1120: 1083: 640: 31: 6588: 5707: 5623: 4939: 7952: 7905: 7685: 7565: 7197: 6268: 5348: 5059: 5010: 4995: 4975: 4927: 4767: 4619: 4591: 4559: 4507: 4476: 4290: 4277: 4234: 4141: 4120: 3820: 3737: 3578: 3545: 3533: 3507: 3299: 3166: 3091: 2734: 2634: 2598: 2550: 2526: 2206: 2193:

restored the authority of the King, first in an absolute monarchy, then the constitutional

2073: 1944: 1932: 1707:. The king's personal commitment during the battle, are memorialized in first lines of the 1616: 1600: 1592: 1435: 1395: 1387: 1251: 1048: 929: 299: 108: 7561: 6993: 5908: 5751: 5609:

Bangladesh : General M.A.G. Osmani (1918-1984) - C-IN-C Liberation Forces 1v MNH 1986

3522: 1813:

is the head of foreign policy, the civil administration and the commander-in-chief of the

1455: 8: 9398: 8481: 7910: 7794: 7081: 6721: 5966: 5545:

Australia’s Constitution: With Overview and Notes by the Australian Government Solicitor

5302: 5236: 5055:, under the supervision of the prime minister and to the extent laid down in ordinances. 4971: 4551: 4512: 4501: 4429: 4320: 4306: 4249: 3757:

Similarly, Section 140 of Article 2 of the California Military and Veterans Code states:

3541: 3405: 3390: 3185: 3135: 3060: 2993: 2951: 2947: 2730: 2670: 2606: 2578: 2574: 2465: 2371: 2352: 2181: 2163: 2085: 2066: 2025: 1936: 1913: 1731:

However, when reading the Danish Constitution, it is important to bear in mind that the k

1716: 1549: 1507: 1427: 1403: 1324: 1183: 1140: 999: 979: 924: 826: 526: 442: 8005: 4774:

and reports to the president. The commander-in-chief is assisted in his/her role by the

3526: 3346:

No provision in the constitution requires the king/government to seek approval from the

9393: 8614: 8486: 8186: 8174: 7457: 7299: 6909: 6060: 6045: 6030: 6010: 5995: 5395: 5307: 5169: 4763: 4717: 4674: 4595: 4590:

Iraq, the commander-in-chief was the head of state, i.e. the president. In the current

4575: 4555: 4389: 4286: 4125: 4031: 3607:" and has also been described as "Commander-in-Chief of the British Armed Forces". The 3397:

held the portfolio of minister of defence and external affairs, and was supported by a

3268: 3189: 3150: 2964: 2927: 2630: 2561:. The minister for defence is advised by the Council of Defence on the business of the 2360: 2304: 2300: 2229: 2145: 1917: 1841:. The president is the only individual capable of declaring war. With the exception of 1834: 1737: 1565: 1328: 1205: 1044: 995: 849: 789: 649: 521: 261: 180: 156: 151: 6889:

National Constitution Center Educational Resources (some internal navigation required)

6078: 4724:

The Armed Forces do not swear allegiance to the president of Malta, but rather to the

3408:

is the responsibility of the Joint Operations Command (JOC). The JOC is headed by the

2257: 1390:

wearing the official uniform of the commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Belarus.

9408: 9403: 8031: 7331: 7235: 7112: 7052: 6521: 6482: 6248: 5684: 5212: 5184:

and to the Federal Council as a whole. The Chief of the Armed Forces has the rank of

5096: 5030: 4991: 4739: 4655: 4627: 4603: 4133: 4008: 3894: 3879: 3709: 3413: 3382: 3291: 2931: 2746: 2705:). He also appoints the service heads of each of the three branches of the military. 2522: 2521:

was the commander-in-chief in Iran. After the inception of the Islamic Republic, the

2265: 2253: 2152: 1786: 1782: 1704: 1584: 1371: 1036: 911: 906: 819: 741: 719: 516: 487: 377: 372: 332: 327: 290: 209: 142: 1691: 1351:, although executive power and responsibility for national defense resides with the 9756: 9090: 8521: 8112: 8011: 7829: 5474: 5328: 5318: 5280: 5252: 5104: 5067: 5044: 5014: 4999: 4955: 4943: 4678: 4377: 4140:; Germany of today puts a strong emphasis on having armed forces compatible with a 4076: 3992: 3574: 3347: 3339: 3313: 3007:

In the Portuguese military parlance, the term "Commander-in-Chief" (in Portuguese:

2803: 2335: 2198: 2174: 2169: 2141: 2037: 1996: 1988: 1921: 1874: 1680: 1656: 1519: 1271: 1060: 1052: 754: 724: 511: 341: 295: 219: 214: 195: 6635: 4361:(including the internal security forces), and the council's chairman (usually the 627: 8079: 8026: 7738: 7673: 7610: 7584: 7185: 7153: 7138: 6916: 6779: 6123: 5676: 5542:

Parliamentary Education Office; Australian Government Solicitor (November 2022).

5244: 5100: 5078: 4923: 4462: 4453: 4442: 4409: 4397: 4294: 4261: 4219: 4187: 4174: 4098: 3914: 3860: 3386: 3040: 2654: 2566: 2481: 2473: 2433: 2409: 2237: 2069: 1766: 1750: 1363: 1209: 1075: 987: 864: 746: 447: 437: 427: 306: 266: 245: 190: 127: 122: 7165: 5823: 5798: 4692:

After Japan's move towards democracy, the position of commander-in-chief of the

7811: 6337: 5937: 5399: 5338: 5276: 5037: 4963: 4872:

stipulates that the Korean People's Army is "Revolutionary Armed Forces of the

4638:

on behalf of the Government. However, the commander-in-chief of the IDF is the

4531: 4413: 4257: 4035: 3906: 3673: 3044: 2340: 1846: 1762: 1624: 1243:

In practice, however, the Governor-General does not play an active part in the

1179: 1175: 1079: 1021: 699: 664: 550: 540: 531: 506: 492: 432: 363: 358: 313: 276: 231: 6750: 5585: 4486: 3544:

has the constitutional right to represent the Supreme Military Command of the

2811:

outlines the governor-general's authority to raise and maintain armed forces.

1010:

The formal role and title of a ruler commanding the armed forces derives from

555: 9956: 8128: 7980: 7959: 7769: 7335: 5909:"LOV nr 122 af 27/02/2001 om forsvarets formål, opgaver og organisation m.v." 5343: 5323: 5150: 4931: 4903:, as the country's head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. 4824:

Before the constitution change in 1983, the equivalent section stated that: "

4405: 4393: 4270: 4238: 3977: 3733: 3697: 3680:

is "Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the

3630:(a region of military authority, sometimes combined with the civil office of 3487: 3357:

is the professional head of the armed forces and, under the authority of the

3245: 2923: 2759:

The Constitution also grants the president freedom to appoint and remove the

2698: 2356: 2308: 2194: 2120: 1862: 1854: 1850: 1842: 1323:. Between 1966 and 2021, prior to the transition to a republican system, the 1144: 1071: 1040: 1017: 991: 889: 834: 560: 545: 473: 461: 406: 401: 392: 382: 252: 224: 175: 99: 7490: 7239: 7179: 6835: 5478: 5083: 4634:) as a collective body. The authority of the government is exercised by the 3236: 1074:). The term is also used for officers who hold authority over an individual 8641: 7805: 7743: 7666: 7019: 6419:"Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor-General of New Zealand" 5260: 5248: 5240: 5224: 5108: 5092: 5088: 5058:

To add to some confusion to the above, the title of the agency head of the

4959: 4951: 4493: 4482: 4401: 4253: 4149: 4137: 3665: 3099: 2858:, and serves as chief diplomatic official abroad and as a symbol of unity. 2742: 2738: 2417: 2261: 2248: 2210: 1603:

for all matters related to national defence and the Canadian Armed Forces.

1459: 1151:

Under part II, chapter III, article 99, subsections 12, 13, 14 and 15, the

1136: 1025: 784: 764: 411: 285: 185: 161: 132: 90: 7267:

The Ministry of Defense Reorganized: For the Support of Peace and Security

6479:

Jammu and Kashmir war, 1947-1948 : political and military perspective

8498: 7923: 7748: 7694: 5378: 5232: 4907: 4341: 4332: 4108: 3984: 3806:, the president of Venezuela, dressed in military uniform in August 2006. 3803: 3783: 3693: 3241: 2425: 2269: 2225: 2220:

was a parliamentary system, where the military authority was held by the

1216: 1056: 575: 565: 166: 6910:

Governor is commander in chief -- Adjutant general is executive officer.

6657: 6549:"THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES – ARTICLE VII" 6109: 5062:

and highest ranked commissioned officer on active duty, is actually the

3424:. The three services have their own respective professional chiefs: the 2677:. The president may appoint a chief military commander in times of war. 7930: 7836: 7822: 7781: 5333: 5312: 5228: 4994:

was in §§ 14-15 explicitly designated as the commander-in-chief of the

4918: 4700:. Military authority runs from the prime minister to the cabinet-level 4686: 4470: 4197: 3620: 3312:

However, article 64 require that all official acts of the King must be

2650: 2646: 2570: 1939:. In practice, the everyday command and control is in the hands of the 876: 856: 729: 387: 346: 7273:. Tokyo: Japan Ministry of Defense. 2007. pp. 4–5. Archived from 3656:

Powers of the president of the United States § Commander-in-chief

3510:, who as sovereign and head of state is the commander-in-chief of the 8105: 7842: 7816: 7788: 7667:

Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (English translation)

7489:(in Swedish). Studieförbundet Näringsliv och Samhälle. Archived from 7116: 6602: 5882: 5852: 5292: 5124: 4380:, upon which the GDR's constitution and armed forces were abolished. 4316: 4281: 4274: 4206: 4004: 2749:, for the interior security and exterior defense of the Federation". 2137: 1909: 1725: 1719:

as the head of the military is deeply rooted in tradition. While the

1545: 1482:. In peace, the commander-in-chief exercises his command through the 1012: 771: 271: 204: 6871:

Presidents and Their Generals: An American History of Command in War

5730:

Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor General of Canada

4766:

national military, a position vested in a military officer, not the

4669: 4660: 4433: 3361:, is responsible for military operations and military organisation. 1266:

and several subordinate ministers exercise this control through the

8091: 7876: 7858: 6182:

the Minister for Defence shall be assisted by a Council of Defence

4759: 4744: 4689:(Japanese Constitution calls it symbol) without any military role. 4587: 3933:

states the authority to direct the armed forces is invested to the

3888: 3445: 2873: 2839: 2393: 2177: 2104: 983: 796: 694: 689: 669: 656: 497: 482: 466: 456: 7119:(Print version. As at: October 2010). Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5119: 3965:, and are practically the same institutution under the system of " 3501: 3452:"supreme authority over the armed forces and all of its members". 1735:

in this context is understood by Danish jurists to be read as the

9485: 7999: 7871: 7519: 7214: 6074: 6072: 5358: 4790:

Flag of the minister of defense, the primary responsible official

4751: 4665: 4027:

to the People's Republic of China in 1997, the commanders of the

3902: 3681: 3421: 3417: 2824: 2387: 1194: 899: 894: 869: 814: 801: 759: 706: 240: 137: 103: 6481:(1st ed.). New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications. p. 350. 2777:

Head of the Armed Forces (New Zealand) § Commander-in-Chief

1382: 8072: 7881: 7865: 7852: 7775: 6031:

Suomen perustuslaki. (731/1999, as amended by later amendments)

5589: 4615: 4347:

Law on the Formation of the National Defense Council of the GDR

3626:

The term is also used for the military commander-in-chief of a

3373:, is nominally the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The 3035: 2843: 2565:. The Defence Forces are organised under the chief of staff, a 2432:

in 1965 and the chief of the naval staff raised to the rank of

2021: 1777:, the senior-ranking professional military officer heading the 570: 6069: 5670:

Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil: 3rd Edition

5424:"LacusCurtius • Roman Law — Auctor (Smith's Dictionary, 1875)" 5203:

In a time of declared war or national emergency, however, the

3861:

Other officeholders as commanders-in-chief or other situations

3774:

holds the constitutional position of Supreme Commander of the

2605:; the president declares war according to the decision of the 2460:. Day-to-day operations of the Armed Forces is handled by the 2279:

was a parliamentary system, which was replaced by the present

1968:

any other military command issue that he wishes to decide upon

8098: 7132:

Die Befehls- und Kommandogewalt des Art. 65a GG im Lichte ...

6463: 4821:, with "authority to decide upon overall government policy". 4725: 4651: 3935:

Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China

3532:(center), the president of Turkey with other generals of the 2391:

commander in chief, executive command authority is exercised

2089: 1830: 1587:, the governing ministry that commands the confidence of the 1463: 1362:

The only exception was the first commander-in-chief, General

1298:

by virtue of section 9, and the powers vested jointly in the

841: 711: 676: 7443: 7339: 7243: 6954: 6520:(1st ed.). London, UK: Lancer Publishers. p. 550. 2272:, upon which he held supreme authority all through the war. 2032:" (literally "Chief of the Armies") under article 15 of the 7916: 7302:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. 2012 6858:

Commanders in Chief: Presidential Leadership in Modern Wars

6063:(State of Defence Act) §§3–4. Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 6013:. (Conscription Act) §§82–83. Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 5998:. (Act on the Defence Forces) Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 5646:"Национальный правовой Интернет-портал Республики Беларусь" 5272: 5197: 4826:

The King shall have supreme authority over the armed forces

4716:

The Malta Armed Forces Act does not directly establish the

4153: 3111: 2954:. However, the art. 134 ust. 4 of the constitution states: 2518: 5182:

Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports

3951:

Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party

3799: 7362:"The Constitution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands 2008" 6451:. Te Kawa Mataaho Public Service Commission. 16 July 2002 6048:. (Preparedness Act) §§6–9. Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 5043:

Certain government decisions regarding the Armed Forces (

4930:, although he continues to receive treatment befitting a 3583:

Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

2914:

Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines

2228:, the many visits to the trenches by the elder statesman 7625: 7623: 7621: 7619: 6502: 4864:

Flag of the supreme commander of North Korea (2002–2020)

3849:

oversees operations of the Ministry of Defence, and the

3122:, have been subordinated into the Air Force since 1998. 3000:). However, the operational command is delegated in the 1995:, literally, "state of preparedness") and state of war ( 1089: 6269:"Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos" 5733:, X., Ottawa: King's Printer for Canada, 1 October 1947 5645: 5223:

Four generals were appointed in Swiss history, General

2801:. The governor-general's is statutorily defined in the 2268:, acting on behalf of the previous regime, founded the 1408:Галоўнакамандуючы Узброенымі Сіламі Рэспублікі Беларусь 7292: 6747:"Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters English version" 5706:, III.15, Westminster: Queen's Printer, archived from 4770:. The commander-in-chief is, however, a member of the 4677:, the role of the commander-in-chief resided with the 3025:

Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces

7616: 6124:"Official President.ie site - Roles of the President" 4800:

the Government shall have supreme authority over the

4658:

the role of the commander-in-chief was vested in the

3874:

holds the title of Supreme Commander in Chief of the

2974:

chief of the general staff of the Polish Armed Forces

2569:, and are organised into three service branches, the 1724:

against any foreign state without the consent of the

1454:

Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina

7166:

Gesetz über das Staatsoberhaupt des Deutschen Reichs

6819:

Review of the Royal Prerogative Powers: Final Report

6338:"Page 3. Governance of the New Zealand armed forces" 6293:"Ley Orgánica del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea Mexicanos" 6171:"Statute Book - Ministers And Secretaries Act, 1924" 6033:. (Finnish Constitution). Retrieved 30 August 2015. 4982:—personally led their forces into battle. Under the 4958:

was formed under the King and from there the modern

4436:

from 1934 to 1945—was the head of the Armed Forces (

3482:

The Highest Commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces

3200:

In Slovenia, the commander-in-chief is formally the

2930:, and is mandated by Article VII, Section 18 of the 1959:

main principles of the military defence of the realm

1335:

as her viceroy. The president adopted these powers.

7039: 7037: 6364:"The Governor-General's role as Commander-in-Chief" 5153:. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, under the 5145:Supreme authority over the military belongs to the 3833:

general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam

3674:

Article II, Section 2, Clause I of the Constitution

2385:Whilst the constitution names the president as the 2232:impressed the soldiers and earned him the nickname 1962:

principles of the execution of the military defence

1035:In English use, the term was first used during the 7613:, Royal Court of Sweden. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7204: 6885:"Common Interpretation: Commander in Chief Clause" 5021:) as a collective body, chaired and formed by the 3819:The commander-in-chief of the armed forces is the 3786:. When the country is in a wartime situation, the 3573:is the highest-ranking military officer (i.e. the 2557:acts on the president's behalf and reports to the 3831:. The secretary of Central Military Commission ( 3571:commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 1066:A commander in chief is sometimes referred to as 9954: 7034: 6681:The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 5211:, specifically for the purpose of taking on the 4890:General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea 2260:assumed power and held the supreme authority in 7159: 6919:, Constitution of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. 6574: 6026: 6024: 6022: 4743:5-stars Flag-Insignia of Commander-in-Chief of 4558:, but their administration is exercised by the 4369:) was considered the GDR's commander-in-chief. 2988:is the constitutional supreme commander of the 2695:Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces 1920:, as the commander-in-chief in 1941 during the 1536:Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces 8158: 7633: 7487:"Regeringsformen 1809 med ändringar 1809-1974" 6110:"Article 53 in the Constitution of India 1949" 4192:Inhaber der Befehls- und Kommandogewalt - IBuK 3931:Constitution of the People's Republic of China 3638:)), and for the naval commander-in-chief of a 3393:to the Ministry of Defence. Prior to 1978 the 3002:chief of the general staff of the Armed Forces 1955:. The duty of the president is to decide upon 1793:and other units not reporting directly to the 8418:Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force 8144: 7710: 7113:Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany 5774:"Constitution of the CR of December 16, 1992" 5286: 5064:supreme commander of the Swedish Armed Forces 4926:) is no longer the commander-in-chief of the 4776:Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services 4449:: literally "Possessor of highest command"). 4158:Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany 3728:also serves as the commander-in-chief of the 2351:is the principal commanding authority of the 1972:Since the constitutional reform of 2000, the 1055:is ultimately dependent upon the will of the 951: 597: 7639: 7389: 7387: 7385: 7049:Government of the People's Republic of China 6603:"The Constitution of the Russian Federation" 6019: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5879:"My Constitution Act with Explanations 2013" 5398:until his death in October 2016, and now by 5081:), is still a four-star general and admiral 4685:role of the emperor is that of a ceremonial 4622:states that the ultimate authority over the 4526: 4505: 4474: 4195: 3884:Հայաստանի Զինված ուժերի գերագույն հրամանատար 2531:Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran 2349:supreme commander of the Indian Armed Forces 1430:as the commander-in-chief. In practice, the 7198:"Constitution of Iraq (articles 73 and 78)" 6387: 6385: 5799:"Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic" 4452:Below the level of the head of state, each 3974:president of the People's Republic of China 3939:chairman of the Central Military Commission 2472:), a 4-star officer whom can be a general ( 30:"CINC" redirects here. For other uses, see 8151: 8137: 8022:Marshal of the Mongolian People's Republic 7724: 7717: 7703: 7462:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 7108: 7106: 6370:. New Zealand Government. 10 December 2007 4504:), he would later grant his war minister, 4293:(in contrast to the Federal Republic, the 4067:Federal Republic of Germany (1956–present) 2201:, before it was overthrown in turn by the 1861:and air defence forces and admiral of the 1771:højeste ansvarlige myndighed for forsvaret 1331:, was head of the Defense Force, with the 958: 944: 626: 604: 590: 27:Supreme commanding authority of a military 8042:Marshal of the German Democratic Republic 7452:] (in Korean). Seoul. pp. 54–70. 7403:(Technical report). Universiteit Utrecht. 7393: 7382: 7314: 6882: 6825:, October 2009. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 6509:Singh, Ravi Shekhar Narain Singh (2008). 5984: 5967:"Constitucion de la República Dominicana" 4901:President of the State Affairs Commission 3059:, (Chapter 4, Article 87, Section 1) the 2880:, the head of the army, was known as the 2326:Guyanese Commander in Chief rank insignia 1821:and all other state's security agencies. 1809:, Article 128, Section II, Title IV, the 1445: 8403:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 7330:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. 6713: 6711: 6709: 6628:"Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces" 6382: 6332: 6330: 5971:World Intellectual Property Organization 5118: 4917: 4859: 4785: 4738: 4244: 4119: 3989:General Secretary of the Communist Party 3937:. The same article also states that the 3853:. He also oversees such agencies as the 3798: 3690:commander-in-chiefs of the United States 3659: 3521: 3350:before sending the armed forces abroad. 3262: 3235: 3149: 3106:. In addition there are two independent 3028: 2611: 2525:was initially appointed that task, with 2334: 2321: 2173:, before being regained in the hands of 1908: 1690: 1560:The powers of command-in-chief over the 1539: 1449: 1381: 1225:Command of the naval and military forces 1193: 1130: 7450:North Korean Laws, Vol. 1, October 2022 7103: 7018:. Government of Armenia. Archived from 6660:. Presidential Administration of Serbia 6577:"Adventures of the "Nuclear Briefcase"" 4990:went into force on 1 January 1975; the 4986:, which was in force until the current 4906:Currently both offices are occupied by 4181:) holds the supreme command authority ( 2882:Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army 2799:Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief 1621:Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia 14: 9955: 6809:, July 2007. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 6795:House of Commons of the United Kingdom 6344:. New Zealand Government. 1 April 2020 6253:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 5471:"Constitution of the argentine nation" 4756:Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services 4418:Constitution of the Kingdom of Prussia 4124:New recruits standing in front of the 3700:each temporarily held the position of 3468:is also the commander-in-chief of the 3057:Constitution of the Russian Federation 2756:the only five-star general of Mexico. 2731:president of the United Mexican States 1699:on board his flagship during the 1644 1599:is responsible and accountable to the 1480:Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1472:Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1223:Under chapter II of section 68 titled 8241:Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security 8132: 7698: 7688:. Nato.int, Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7444:National Intelligence Agency (2022). 7258: 6706: 6632:Presidential Administration of Russia 6607:Presidential Administration of Russia 6508: 6469: 6327: 6311:"Ley Orgánica de la Armada de México" 6299:from the original on 29 January 2019. 4962:has its roots. During the age of the 4772:National Defence and Security Council 4164:In peacetime, under Article 65a, the 3644:North America and West Indies Station 3486:The "Head of the Thai Armed Forces" ( 3462:Constitution of the Republic of China 3118:. The Air Defence Troops, the former 2998:Comandante Supremo das Forças Armadas 2976:will be appointed supreme commander. 2969:General Inspector of the Armed Forces 2685:In accordance with Article 41 of the 2665:In accordance with Article 42 of the 2363:, in accordance to Article 53 of the 2222:president of the Council of Ministers 1947:. The economic administration of the 1800: 1219:(left) looking on. (8 December 1941) 1090:Heads of state as commanders in chief 8917:Air Force Historical Research Agency 7156:, 2011. Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5450:House of Lords Journal 15 March 1642 5077:However, the Monarch (as of present 4870:Rules of the Workers' Party of Korea 4323:, did little to reverse the trend). 4138:infamous history of the 20th century 3886:). The hereditary title and rank of 3222:South African National Defence Force 3094:is divided into three services: the 2986:president of the Portuguese Republic 2043:However, owing to the nature of the 1506:is under the supreme command of the 1476:Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1117:president of the Republic of Albania 978:is the person who exercises supreme 9042:Officer candidate/training school: 7220: 6883:Ramsey, Michael; Vladeck, Stephen. 6281:from the original on 13 March 2021. 4830:Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands 3298:to exercise supreme command of the 2355:, a position that is vested in the 2080:, reviewing troops during the 2008 1094:This includes heads of states who: 36:Commander in Chief (disambiguation) 24: 8912:Naval History and Heritage Command 7642:"La Place de la Concorde Suisse-I" 7328:Nihon Daihyakka Zensho (Nipponika) 6575:Mikhail Tsypkin (September 2004). 6323:from the original on 22 June 2017. 6146:"Statute Book - Defence Act, 1954" 5354:Supreme Commander (disambiguation) 5180:), who reports to the head of the 4345:, enacted on 13 February 1960 the 3972:Furthermore, Article 80 gives the 3401:for defence and external affairs. 3212:Chapter 11, section 202(1) of the 3039:(i.e. the nuclear briefcase) from 2376:Chairman Chiefs of Staff Committee 2016:Chief of the Armed Forces (France) 1746:implied in articles 12 and 19(2). 1458:(right) meeting with US president 1370:in 1971, who was commander of all 1161:all the armed forces of the Nation 1032:(command and other regal) powers. 25: 9989: 8037:Marshal of the Russian Federation 7211:Basic Law of Israel: The Military 6791:The Royal Prerogative SN/PC/03861 5996:Laki puolustusvoimista (551/2007) 4882:Party Central Military Commission 4422:Constitution of the German Empire 4021:British Forces Overseas Hong Kong 3921:and prime minister in the 1990s. 3615:) makes the key decisions on the 3588: 3550:Grand National Assembly of Turkey 3389:for defence, and of recently the 3220:is the commander-in-chief of the 2868:Commander-in-Chief, Pakistan Army 2827:is the commander-in-chief of the 2643:Chief of the Kenya Defence Forces 2633:as the commander-in-chief of the 2593:, in article 87, states that the 2500:) and must get approval from the 2456:holds the supreme command of the 2303:is the commander-in-chief of the 1935:is the commander-in-chief of all 1897:is the commander-in-chief of the 1877:is the commander in chief of the 1651:is the commander-in-chief of the 1619:is the commander-in-chief of the 1522:is the commander-in-chief of the 1478:is the commander-in-chief of the 1434:is the head and commander of the 1398:is the Commander-in-Chief of the 1355:. This is discharged through the 1157:president of the Argentine Nation 9907: 9906: 9865: 9864: 9472:Uniform Code of Military Justice 8289:United States military seniority 7679: 7640:McPhee, John (31 October 1983). 7394:Besselink, Leonard F.M. (2011). 7217:. Retrieved on 11 November 2011. 6990:Armenian Encyclopedia Publishing 5298:Civilian control of the military 4988:Instrument of Government of 1974 4984:Instrument of Government of 1809 4673:). After the dissolution of the 4594:, the commander-in-chief of the 4357:held the supreme command of the 4084: 4075: 3993:normally held by the same person 3649: 3611:(acting with the support of the 3605:Head of the British Armed Forces 3595:Head of the British Armed Forces 3184:In accordance with the law, the 2934:to be commander-in-chief of the 2725:Section VI of Article 89 of the 2687:Federal Constitution of Malaysia 2458:Indonesian National Armed Forces 2397:by the prime minister and their 2097: 2059: 1899:Ethiopian National Defense Force 9454:Military Occupational Specialty 8902:Army Center of Military History 8507:Military Auxiliary Radio System 8377:Department of Homeland Security 8284:Active duty three-star officers 7660: 7594: 7571: 7555: 7545: 7533: 7505: 7479: 7470: 7437: 7407: 7354: 7190: 7173: 7144: 7122: 7067: 7008: 6972: 6947: 6922: 6903: 6876: 6863: 6850: 6828: 6812: 6800: 6784: 6765: 6739: 6727: 6672: 6650: 6620: 6595: 6568: 6541: 6518:The Military Factor in Pakistan 6437: 6411: 6356: 6303: 6285: 6261: 6215: 6187: 6163: 6138: 6116: 6102: 6088: 6054: 6039: 6011:Asevelvollisuuslaki (1438/2007) 6004: 5959: 5923: 5901: 5871: 5841: 5816: 5791: 5778:President of the Czech Republic 5766: 5744: 5721: 5694: 5663: 5638: 5612: 5603: 5578: 5388: 5149:, which is the Swiss collegial 4796:Constitution of the Netherlands 4546:According to Article 45 of the 4179:Bundesminister der Verteidigung 3911:Republic of Mountainous Armenia 3909:, the supreme commander of the 3686:presidents of the United States 3642:of the Royal Navy, such as the 3207: 3156:Military Forces of Saudi Arabia 3145: 2807:. Sections five and six of the 2783:governor-general of New Zealand 2448:According to article 10 of the 1649:president of the Czech Republic 1268:Australian Defence Organisation 9477:Judge Advocate General's Corps 8408:Commandant of the Marine Corps 8279:Active duty four-star officers 8236:Secretary of Homeland Security 8221:President of the United States 7513:"The Instrument of Government" 7326:[JSDF: Organization]. 7141:, Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 6891:. National Constitution Center 6836:"Whose hand is on the button?" 6724:. Retrieved on 9 January 2014. 6079:Constitution of 4 October 1958 5691:. Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5563: 5535: 5519: 5493: 5463: 5454: 5441: 5416: 5371: 5114: 4855: 4781: 4664:(the most militarily powerful 4500:(after the death of President 4273:. The rationale was that in a 4148:Upon the re-militarization of 4054:as "Commander-in-Chief of the 3719: 3678:president of the United States 3506:) is a position vested in the 3231: 3049:2012 presidential inauguration 2907: 2770: 2275:The following and short-lived 1879:Umbutfo Eswatini Defence Force 1757:) designates in article 9 the 1500:Brazilian Constitution of 1988 1247:'s command structure, and the 1159:is the "Commander-in-chief of 1102:discretionary decision-making. 13: 1: 8907:Marine Corps History Division 8428:Commandant of the Coast Guard 8294:National Security Act of 1947 8263:Committees on Armed Services 7369:Government of the Netherlands 6061:Puolustustilalaki (1083/1991) 5409: 5029:, subject to the will of the 4798:states, in article 97, that " 4574:are the ones who command the 4568:minister for national defence 4041: 3765: 3448:, the constitution gives the 3138:is the commander-in-chief of 3071:. The president approves the 2950:is commander-in-chief of the 2765:secretary of national defense 2675:Latvian National Armed Forces 2673:is Commander-in-Chief of the 2545:The supreme commander of the 2462:commander of the Armed Forces 1773:). Under the minister is the 1438:. He reports directly to the 1338: 1319:is the commander-in-chief of 1199:Governor General of Australia 1119:is the commander-in-chief of 1005: 8512:Marine Corps Cyber Auxiliary 6470:Bajwa, Kuldip Singh (2003). 5503:(in Spanish). Archived from 5111:to the king and his family. 4706:Japanese Ministry of Defense 3998: 3794: 3364: 3288:Spanish Constitution of 1978 3214:Constitution of South Africa 3047:'s military aide during the 3033:The ceremony of passing the 2920:president of the Philippines 2484:), or an air chief marshal ( 2443: 2082:Bastille Day military parade 1761:as the supreme authority in 1597:Minister of National Defence 1333:Governor-General of Barbados 1189: 1126: 314:Junior commissioned officers 232:Senior commissioned officers 7: 9096:Enlisted recruit training: 8364:Department of the Air Force 8231:Deputy Secretary of Defense 7937:First marshal of the empire 7591:. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7568:. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7234:. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. 6797:. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 6085:. Retrieved on 13 May 2013. 6083:National Assembly of France 5266: 4968:Gustavus Adolphus the Great 4897:Constitution of North Korea 4374:Federal Republic of Germany 4166:federal minister of defence 4096:Federal Minister of Defence 3976:(in addition to ceremonial 3953:under the authority of the 3919:defense minister of Armenia 3825:Central Military Commission 3502: 3475: 3439: 3318:President of the Government 3273:Captain General of the Navy 3195: 2979: 2904:is the commander-in-chief. 2861: 2680: 2597:: "is the commander of the 2131: 1884: 1868: 1568:, and are delegated to the 1552:guard of honour during the 1306: 1165:Argentine National Congress 10: 9994: 8396:Service branches and heads 8160:United States Armed Forces 7075:"Constitution of Ethiopia" 6934:Leginfo.legislature.ca.gov 6718:Constitution of Spain 1978 5287:Other Articles of Interest 5051:) may be delegated to the 4805:". Article 42 defines the 4734: 4572:chief of the general staff 4522:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht 4337:German Democratic Republic 4061: 4052:prime minister of Ethiopia 4038:and commanded by the CMC. 4019:commander-in-chief of the 3967:one institution, two names 3963:National People's Congress 3943:National People's Congress 3865: 3829:Communist Party of Vietnam 3814: 3780:Constitution of Uzbekistan 3776:Armed Forces of Uzbekistan 3714:United States Armed Forces 3653: 3636:British Overseas Territory 3634:of a colony (now called a 3592: 3564: 3479: 3436:, who have much autonomy. 3434:commander of the Air Force 3410:chief of the defence staff 3355:chief of the defence staff 3226:Parliament of South Africa 3065:Supreme Commander-in-Chief 3022: 2911: 2890:prime minister of Pakistan 2865: 2814: 2774: 2540: 2399:Union Council of Ministers 2167:, as well as later to the 2078:Chief of the Defence Staff 2013: 1904: 1895:prime minister of Ethiopia 1686: 1638: 1606: 1572:, who also uses the title 1570:governor general of Canada 1533: 1417: 1377: 1343:The commander-in-chief of 1284:Chief of the Defence Force 1249:democratically accountable 1106: 91:Flag commissioned officers 47:Comparative military ranks 29: 9860: 9744: 9706: 9635: 9604: 9546: 9358: 9270: 9135: 8959: 8952: 8925: 8894: 8814: 8791: 8750: 8717: 8705: 8607: 8537:Unified combatant command 8535: 8497: 8436: 8423:Chief of Space Operations 8413:Chief of Naval Operations 8395: 8316: 8307: 8213: 8166: 7901: 7894: 7764: 7757: 7732: 7137:23 September 2015 at the 6915:10 September 2015 at the 5213:war-time responsibilities 5174:Chief of the Armed Forces 5049:Särskilda regeringsbeslut 4948:Swedish War of Liberation 4913: 4694:Japan Self-Defense Forces 4609: 4541: 4527: 4506: 4475: 3898: 3883: 3872:prime minister of Armenia 3688:, but there have been 48 3554:National Security Council 3517: 3491: 3455: 3375:National Security Council 3218:president of South Africa 3179: 3163:Basic Law of Saudi Arabia 3125: 3120:Soviet Air Defence Forces 3083:and other members of the 3018: 2941: 2896:as commander in chief of 2834: 2720: 2660: 2595:president of the Republic 2450:Constitution of Indonesia 2361:president of the Republic 2314: 2067:President of the Republic 2026:president of the Republic 2009: 1951:is the responsibility of 1943:and the commander of the 1835:president of the Republic 1701:Battle of Colberger Heide 1554:1939 royal tour of Canada 1529: 1524:Royal Brunei Armed Forces 1513: 1508:president of the Republic 1493: 1407: 1368:Bangladesh Liberation War 1229:Constitution of Australia 1153:Constitution of Argentina 647: 644: 638: 537: 503: 479: 472: 453: 424: 419:Non-commissioned officers 417: 398: 369: 338: 319: 312: 282: 258: 237: 230: 201: 172: 148: 119: 96: 89: 56: 9462:Air Force Specialty Code 9176:Awards & decorations 8086:Supreme Allied Commander 8017:Marshal of the air force 7942:General of the Air Force 7322: 7300:"職種 Branches of Service" 7184:27 December 2017 at the 6980: 6425:. New Zealand Government 6399:. New Zealand Government 5364: 5023:prime minister of Sweden 4711: 4645: 4384:German Reich (1871–1945) 4372:The GDR joined with the 4355:National Defense Council 4327:East Germany (1960–1990) 4319:and the machinations of 4152:in 1955, when it joined 4029:People's Liberation Army 4023:. After the territory's 3924: 3742:Commonwealth of Kentucky 3258: 3253:president of South Korea 3112:Strategic Missile Troops 3104:Russian Aerospace Forces 2620: 2584: 2502:House of Representatives 2414:chief of the naval staff 2330: 2290: 2285:semi-presidential system 2117:Battle of Jena-Auerstedt 2045:semi-presidential system 1859:marshal of the air force 1824: 1749:The Danish Defence Law ( 1313:Constitution of Barbados 1245:Australian Defence Force 920:marshal of the air force 114:Marshal of the air force 7800:Domestic of the Schools 6511:"Military and Politics" 6195:"Constitution of Italy" 5526:Australian Constitution 5501:"Ministerio de Defensa" 5396:King Bhumibol Adulyadej 5209:United Federal Assembly 4874:Workers' Party of Korea 4698:prime minister of Japan 4581: 4517:Blomberg–Fritsch Affair 4034:are PLA personnel from 4009:under British authority 3955:Party Central Committee 3512:Royal Thai Armed Forces 3399:parliamentary secretary 3116:Russian Airborne Forces 2819:In accordance with the 2512: 2406:chief of the Army staff 2378:with the advice of the 2307:. He holds the rank of 1937:Finnish military forces 1424:Constitution of Belgium 1412:Constitution of Belarus 1400:Belarusian Armed Forces 1345:Bangladesh Armed Forces 1113:Constitution of Albania 9482:Military Health System 8352:Department of the Navy 8340:Department of the Army 8047:Field marshal (Uganda) 7726:Highest military ranks 7686:NATO Chiefs of Defence 7562:About the Armed Forces 6856:Joseph G. Dawson, ed. 6838:. BBC. 2 December 2008 6772:Queen and Armed Forces 6687:. 1996. Archived from 6472:"Kashmir Valley Saved" 6046:Valmiuslaki (552/2011) 5703:Constitution Act, 1867 5394:Most recently held by 5315:(state within a state) 5142: 5071: 5048: 5018: 5003: 4935: 4865: 4791: 4747: 4640:chief of general staff 4525:, which was headed by 4466: 4446: 4359:National People's Army 4265: 4223: 4196: 4191: 4178: 4145: 3807: 3763: 3755: 3706:Twenty-fifth Amendment 3669: 3581:is the constitutional 3559:Constitution of Turkey 3537: 3371:president of Sri Lanka 3369:As head of state, the 3344: 3303: 3280: 3248: 3158: 3132:Constitution of Rwanda 3052: 2961: 2856:Norwegian Armed Forces 2788:New Zealand Government 2697:and holds the rank of 2667:Constitution of Latvia 2639:chief of general staff 2617: 2553:, but in practice the 2535:Supreme Leader of Iran 2469: 2454:president of Indonesia 2438:chief of defence staff 2422:chief of the air staff 2344: 2327: 2242:Le Père de la Victoire 2241: 2158:Comité de Salut Public 2000: 1992: 1924: 1770: 1754: 1712: 1557: 1504:Brazilian Armed Forces 1467: 1446:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1391: 1321:Barbados Defense Force 1304: 1262:controls the ADF. The 1241: 1220: 1148: 998:, or other designated 9968:Military organization 8940:Air Force Art Program 8527:Coast Guard Auxiliary 8325:Department of Defense 8299:Goldwater–Nichols Act 8246:Joint Chiefs of Staff 7947:General of the Armies 7672:18 April 2015 at the 7589:Royal Court of Sweden 7583:16 March 2015 at the 7578:Duties of the Monarch 7232:Encyclopedia of Japan 7228:"Self Defense Forces" 6807:Governance of Britain 6778:13 April 2015 at the 6734:Suriname Constitution 6658:"President of Serbia" 6591:on 23 September 2004. 6449:Publicservice.govt.nz 5675:26 April 2012 at the 5428:Penelope.uchicago.edu 5127:for the wartime-only 5122: 4922:The Swedish monarch ( 4921: 4863: 4789: 4742: 4624:Israel Defense Forces 4367:Socialist Unity Party 4248: 4123: 4056:national armed forces 3876:Armenian Armed Forces 3851:Vietnam People's Army 3802: 3759: 3750: 3692:due to the fact that 3663: 3623:only to the monarch. 3525: 3480:Further information: 3460:As stipulated in the 3430:commander of the Navy 3426:commander of the Army 3336: 3332:military coup attempt 3296: 3266: 3240:Current President of 3239: 3202:president of Slovenia 3153: 3140:Rwanda Defence Forces 3096:Russian Ground Forces 3032: 2956: 2902:president of Pakistan 2898:Pakistan Armed Forces 2894:president of Pakistan 2892:and appointed by the 2866:Further information: 2829:Nigerian Armed Forces 2821:Nigerian Constitution 2761:secretary of the Navy 2737:, that is to say the 2735:permanent Armed Force 2691:Yang di-Pertuan Agong 2627:Constitution of Kenya 2615: 2591:Constitution of Italy 2563:Department of Defence 2559:Government of Ireland 2365:Constitution of India 2338: 2325: 2297:Constitution of Ghana 2109:Emperor of the French 1949:Finnish Defence Force 1912: 1891:president of Ethiopia 1839:Egyptian Armed Forces 1694: 1613:Croatian constitution 1562:Canadian Armed Forces 1543: 1534:Further information: 1453: 1385: 1317:president of Barbados 1276: 1233: 1197: 1134: 1121:Albanian Armed Forces 1084:theatre of operations 620:Military organization 83:(Commonwealth system) 32:CINC (disambiguation) 9731:Aircraft designation 9380:Creeds & Codes: 8499:Civilian auxiliaries 8317:Military departments 8226:Secretary of Defense 7953:Generalfeldmarschall 7906:Admiral of the fleet 7566:Swedish Armed Forces 7415:"Organisation chart" 6126:. Áras an Uachtaráin 5753:National Defence Act 5507:on 18 September 2013 5349:Strongman (politics) 5079:King Carl XVI Gustaf 5060:Swedish Armed Forces 5053:minister for defence 5025:, holds the highest 4996:Swedish Armed Forces 4938:In Sweden, with the 4928:Swedish Armed Forces 4924:King Carl XVI Gustaf 4878:Korean People's Army 4628:Government of Israel 4620:applicable basic law 4528:Generalfeldmarschall 4508:Generalfeldmarschall 4477:Generalfeldmarschall 4315:, surrounded by his 4291:state within a state 4278:parliamentary system 4235:president of Germany 4142:parliamentary system 4128:, before taking the 4058:" in Article 74(1). 3949:. There is also the 3842:commander-in-chief. 3821:president of Vietnam 3738:State Defense Forces 3724:In U.S. States, the 3579:president of Ukraine 3546:Turkish Armed Forces 3534:Turkish Armed Forces 3092:Russian Armed Forces 3043:'s military aide to 2703:Armed Forces Council 2635:Kenya Defence Forces 2555:minister for defence 2551:president of Ireland 2527:Abolhassan Bani Sadr 2074:Jean-Louis Georgelin 1980:has the same right. 1945:Finnish Border Guard 1933:president of Finland 1929:Finnish constitution 1715:The position of the 1617:president of Croatia 1601:Parliament of Canada 1593:National Defence Act 1488:Chief of Joint Staff 1436:Belgian Armed Forces 1396:president of Belarus 1388:Alexander Lukashenko 1264:Minister for Defence 1204:(right) signing the 1135:Argentine president 1049:parliamentary system 930:admiral of the fleet 109:Admiral of the fleet 9963:Commanders in chief 9617:Crew-served weapons 9506:Chiefs of Chaplains 8727:Current deployments 7911:Admiral of the Navy 7795:Constable of France 7609:2 June 2013 at the 7419:Ministry of Defence 7082:House of Federation 6996:on 13 December 2019 6823:Ministry of Justice 6722:Government of Spain 6638:on 22 February 2014 6587:(9). Archived from 6423:Legislation.govt.nz 6397:Legislation.govt.nz 5931:"Facts and Figures" 5828:Ministry of Defence 5824:"Professional Army" 5803:Ministry of Defence 5681:Chamber of Deputies 5400:King Vajiralongkorn 5303:Command and control 5237:Franco-Prussian War 5207:, assembled as the 5190:Commandant de corps 5035:Minister of Justice 5027:Executive Authority 4950:(1521–53) from the 4895:Article 103 of the 4845:Ministry of Defence 4841:minister of defence 4702:minister of defense 4636:minister of defense 4554:is the head of the 4513:Werner von Blomberg 4502:Paul von Hindenburg 4432:) to 1934, and the 4430:Weimar Constitution 4353:in April 1968. The 4321:Kurt von Schleicher 4307:Paul von Hindenburg 4250:Werner von Blomberg 3847:minister of Defence 3788:minister of defense 3778:, according to the 3548:, on behalf of the 3542:president of Turkey 3530:Mustafa Kemal Pasha 3406:combined operations 3391:permanent secretary 3379:Ministry of Defence 3359:minister of defence 3294:in article 62 (h): 3186:president of Serbia 3136:president of Rwanda 3009:comandante-em-chefe 2952:Polish Armed Forces 2886:Chief of Army Staff 2823:, the president of 2795:Letter Patents 1983 2671:president of Latvia 2625:Chapter 131 of the 2506:minister of defense 2380:Minister of Defence 2372:Parliament of India 2353:Indian Armed Forces 2136:Since the reign of 1974:minister of defence 1953:Ministry of Defence 1914:C. G. E. Mannerheim 1795:Ministry of Defence 1781:, who commands the 1759:minister of defence 1741:(consisting of the 1709:Danish royal anthem 1677:Ministry of Defence 1629:minister of defence 1591:. According to the 1550:Royal Canadian Navy 1498:Article 142 of the 1484:minister of defence 1440:Minister of Defence 1422:Article 167 of the 1357:Ministry of Defence 1325:monarch of Barbados 1270:. Section 8 of the 1172:Ministry of Defense 1141:Argentine Air Force 1000:government official 980:command and control 925:general of the army 527:Leading aircraftman 443:chief petty officer 9973:Military sociology 9612:Individual weapons 8852:Hispanic Americans 8832:Buddhist Americans 8615:United States Code 8585:Special Operations 8438:Reserve components 7425:on 1 November 2013 7091:on 2 February 2014 6581:Strategic Insights 6393:"Defence Act 1990" 6098:. 27 January 2021. 5947:on 8 December 2013 5889:on 3 November 2013 5849:"Constitution Act" 5586:"Defence Act 1903" 5481:on 22 October 2013 5308:Commanding officer 5168:In peacetime, the 5143: 5004:Högste befälhavare 4940:Ordinance of Alsnö 4936: 4868:Article 47 of the 4866: 4792: 4764:commanding officer 4748: 4718:president of Malta 4681:. The present-day 4675:Tokugawa shogunate 4596:Iraqi Armed Forces 4556:Greek Armed Forces 4548:Greek Constitution 4404:, whoever was the 4390:Kingdom of Prussia 4299:Ebert–Groener pact 4266: 4228:Federal Chancellor 4146: 4132:. In the light of 4126:Reichstag building 4032:Hong Kong Garrison 3947:Standing Committee 3929:Article 93 of the 3808: 3670: 3538: 3322:competent minister 3281: 3249: 3161:Article 60 of the 3159: 3053: 2965:interbellum period 2928:head of government 2618: 2567:three star officer 2345: 2328: 2305:Ghana Armed Forces 2301:president of Ghana 2270:Free French Forces 2230:Georges Clemenceau 2182:Emperor Napoléon I 2178:Napoléon Bonaparte 2028:is designated as " 1925: 1918:Marshal of Finland 1801:Dominican Republic 1713: 1574:Commander-in-Chief 1564:are vested in the 1558: 1468: 1462:(left) in 1997 in 1392: 1329:Queen Elizabeth II 1296:Chief of Air Force 1252:Australian Cabinet 1221: 1206:declaration of war 1149: 1139:presiding over an 1045:head of government 996:head of government 972:commander-in-chief 850:lieutenant general 790:lieutenant colonel 262:Lieutenant colonel 246:(Ship-of-the-line) 181:divisional general 157:army corps general 152:Lieutenant general 65:(non-Commonwealth) 18:Commander-in-Chief 9950: 9949: 9856: 9855: 9542: 9541: 9005: 8993: 8981: 8967:Service academies 8948: 8947: 8822:African Americans 8603: 8602: 8126: 8125: 8122: 8121: 8032:Marshal of Poland 7890: 7889: 7604:Övriga funktioner 7493:on 31 August 2010 7342:on 25 August 2007 7246:on 25 August 2007 7016:"Vazgen Sargsyan" 5689:978-85-736-5737-1 4817:, chaired by the 4726:Republic of Malta 4656:Meiji Restoration 4496:assumed power as 4492:After Chancellor 4363:General Secretary 4224:Verteidigungsfall 4134:German militarism 4048:1995 Constitution 4013:civilian governor 3710:George H. W. Bush 3500: 3414:air chief marshal 3383:minister of state 3277:Naval NCO Academy 3130:According to the 3075:and appoints the 3073:military doctrine 3055:According to the 2932:1987 Constitution 2878:1973 Constitution 2533:was given to the 2523:president of Iran 2517:Before 1979, the 2430:air chief marshal 2295:According to the 2266:Charles de Gaulle 2234:Father of Victory 2153:French Revolution 1927:According to the 1805:According to the 1721:1953 constitution 1705:Wilhelm Marstrand 1645:1992 constitution 1643:According to the 1611:According to the 1474:, the collective 1470:According to the 1456:Alija Izetbegović 1372:Bangladesh Forces 1311:According to the 1143:ceremony for the 1111:According to the 1068:supreme commander 1061:Governors-general 1037:English Civil War 976:supreme commander 968: 967: 935: 934: 820:brigadier general 720:second lieutenant 614: 613: 581: 580: 378:junior lieutenant 373:Second lieutenant 333:Flight lieutenant 210:brigadier general 143:Air chief marshal 16:(Redirected from 9985: 9910: 9909: 9868: 9867: 9757:Nuclear football 9602: 9601: 9496:Veterans Affairs 9315:Warrant officers 9091:The Basic School 8999: 8987: 8975: 8957: 8956: 8935:Army Art Program 8842:Muslim Americans 8837:Jewish Americans 8715: 8714: 8522:Civil Air Patrol 8314: 8313: 8153: 8146: 8139: 8130: 8129: 8012:Marshal of Italy 7899: 7898: 7830:Magister militum 7762: 7761: 7719: 7712: 7705: 7696: 7695: 7689: 7683: 7677: 7664: 7658: 7657: 7655: 7653: 7637: 7631: 7627: 7614: 7602: 7598: 7592: 7575: 7569: 7559: 7553: 7549: 7543: 7541: 7537: 7531: 7530: 7528: 7526: 7517: 7509: 7503: 7502: 7500: 7498: 7483: 7477: 7474: 7468: 7467: 7461: 7453: 7446:北韓法令集.上 :2022.10 7441: 7435: 7434: 7432: 7430: 7421:. Archived from 7411: 7405: 7404: 7402: 7391: 7380: 7379: 7377: 7375: 7366: 7358: 7352: 7351: 7349: 7347: 7338:. Archived from 7318: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7307: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7280:on 12 April 2019 7279: 7272: 7262: 7256: 7255: 7253: 7251: 7242:. Archived from 7224: 7218: 7208: 7202: 7201: 7194: 7188: 7177: 7171: 7168:, 1 August 1934: 7163: 7157: 7152: 7148: 7142: 7130: 7126: 7120: 7110: 7101: 7100: 7098: 7096: 7090: 7084:. Archived from 7079: 7071: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7051:. Archived from 7041: 7032: 7031: 7029: 7027: 7012: 7006: 7005: 7003: 7001: 6992:. Archived from 6976: 6970: 6969: 6967: 6965: 6951: 6945: 6944: 6942: 6940: 6926: 6920: 6907: 6901: 6900: 6898: 6896: 6880: 6874: 6867: 6861: 6854: 6848: 6847: 6845: 6843: 6832: 6826: 6816: 6810: 6804: 6798: 6788: 6782: 6774:, royal.gov.uk. 6769: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6758: 6753:on 18 April 2009 6749:. Archived from 6743: 6737: 6731: 6725: 6715: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6699: 6694:on 25 April 2014 6693: 6686: 6676: 6670: 6669: 6667: 6665: 6654: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6643: 6634:. Archived from 6624: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6613: 6599: 6593: 6592: 6572: 6566: 6565: 6563: 6561: 6554:Official Gazette 6545: 6539: 6538: 6536: 6534: 6515: 6506: 6500: 6499: 6497: 6495: 6476: 6467: 6461: 6460: 6458: 6456: 6441: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6430: 6415: 6409: 6408: 6406: 6404: 6389: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6375: 6360: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6334: 6325: 6324: 6322: 6315: 6307: 6301: 6300: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6273: 6265: 6259: 6258: 6252: 6244: 6242: 6240: 6234: 6228:. Archived from 6227: 6219: 6213: 6212: 6210: 6208: 6199: 6191: 6185: 6184: 6179: 6177: 6167: 6161: 6160: 6154: 6152: 6142: 6136: 6135: 6133: 6131: 6120: 6114: 6113: 6106: 6100: 6099: 6096:"Know your Army" 6092: 6086: 6076: 6067: 6066: 6058: 6052: 6051: 6043: 6037: 6036: 6028: 6017: 6016: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5993: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5963: 5957: 5956: 5954: 5952: 5946: 5940:. Archived from 5935: 5927: 5921: 5920: 5918: 5916: 5905: 5899: 5898: 5896: 5894: 5885:. Archived from 5875: 5869: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5855:. Archived from 5845: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5820: 5814: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5795: 5789: 5788: 5786: 5784: 5770: 5764: 5763: 5762: 5760: 5748: 5742: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5725: 5719: 5718: 5717: 5715: 5698: 5692: 5667: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5622:. Archived from 5616: 5610: 5607: 5601: 5600: 5598: 5596: 5582: 5576: 5567: 5561: 5560: 5558: 5556: 5550: 5539: 5533: 5523: 5517: 5516: 5514: 5512: 5497: 5491: 5490: 5488: 5486: 5477:. Archived from 5475:Argentine Senate 5467: 5461: 5458: 5452: 5445: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5420: 5403: 5392: 5386: 5379:King Charles III 5375: 5329:Magister militum 5319:Defence minister 5281:Chief of Defence 5253:Second World War 5205:Federal Assembly 5159:Federal Assembly 5072:Överbefälhavaren 5009:At present, the 4972:Charles X Gustav 4966:, several kings— 4849:chief of defence 4679:Emperor of Japan 4630:(chaired by the 4536:German surrender 4530: 4529: 4511: 4510: 4480: 4479: 4461: 4447:Oberbefehlshaber 4441: 4351:GDR Constitution 4252:(left) saluting 4218: 4211:state of defence 4201: 4186: 4173: 4088: 4079: 3900: 3885: 3702:acting president 3575:chief of defence 3505: 3495: 3493: 3470:ROC Armed Forces 3353:Since 1984, the 3348:Cortes Generales 3216:states that the 3077:defense minister 3013:comandante-chefe 2809:Defence Act 1990 2804:Defence Act 1990 2729:states that the 2264:, while Général 2111:, reviewing the 2101: 2063: 2038:emergency powers 1941:chief of defence 1922:Continuation War 1875:king of Eswatini 1775:chief of defence 1681:chief of defence 1657:countersignature 1589:House of Commons 1583:and the rest of 1566:Canadian monarch 1520:sultan of Brunei 1502:states that the 1432:Chief of Defence 1409: 1272:Defence Act 1903 1254:(chaired by the 1155:states that the 1053:executive branch 1028:, who possessed 960: 953: 946: 755:first lieutenant 725:first lieutenant 636: 635: 630: 616: 615: 606: 599: 592: 512:Lance bombardier 342:First lieutenant 296:Corvette captain 220:flotilla admiral 196:Air vice-marshal 85: 66: 54: 53: 43: 42: 21: 9993: 9992: 9988: 9987: 9986: 9984: 9983: 9982: 9953: 9952: 9951: 9946: 9852: 9740: 9736:Helicopter arms 9702: 9631: 9600: 9538: 9421:Service numbers 9384:Code of Conduct 9354: 9266: 9131: 9127:Other education 9068:Warrant officer 9014:Merchant Marine 8944: 8921: 8895:History centers 8890: 8827:Asian Americans 8810: 8787: 8746: 8707: 8701: 8599: 8531: 8517:Merchant Marine 8493: 8432: 8391: 8303: 8209: 8162: 8157: 8127: 8118: 8080:Reichsmarschall 8027:Marshal of Peru 7886: 7753: 7739:General officer 7728: 7723: 7693: 7692: 7684: 7680: 7674:Wayback Machine 7665: 7661: 7651: 7649: 7638: 7634: 7628: 7617: 7611:Wayback Machine 7600: 7599: 7595: 7585:Wayback Machine 7576: 7572: 7560: 7556: 7550: 7546: 7539: 7538: 7534: 7524: 7522: 7515: 7511: 7510: 7506: 7496: 7494: 7485: 7484: 7480: 7475: 7471: 7455: 7454: 7442: 7438: 7428: 7426: 7413: 7412: 7408: 7400: 7392: 7383: 7373: 7371: 7364: 7360: 7359: 7355: 7345: 7343: 7324: 7320: 7319: 7315: 7305: 7303: 7298: 7297: 7293: 7283: 7281: 7277: 7270: 7264: 7263: 7259: 7249: 7247: 7226: 7225: 7221: 7209: 7205: 7196: 7195: 7191: 7186:Wayback Machine 7178: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7160: 7150: 7149: 7145: 7139:Wayback Machine 7128: 7127: 7123: 7111: 7104: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7077: 7073: 7072: 7068: 7058: 7056: 7055:on 26 July 2013 7043: 7042: 7035: 7025: 7023: 7022:on 20 June 2014 7014: 7013: 7009: 6999: 6997: 6988:(in Armenian). 6986:Encyclopedia.am 6982: 6978: 6977: 6973: 6963: 6961: 6953: 6952: 6948: 6938: 6936: 6928: 6927: 6923: 6917:Wayback Machine 6908: 6904: 6894: 6892: 6881: 6877: 6869:Matthew Moten, 6868: 6864: 6855: 6851: 6841: 6839: 6834: 6833: 6829: 6817: 6813: 6805: 6801: 6789: 6785: 6780:Wayback Machine 6770: 6766: 6756: 6754: 6745: 6744: 6740: 6736:See Article 100 6732: 6728: 6716: 6707: 6697: 6695: 6691: 6684: 6678: 6677: 6673: 6663: 6661: 6656: 6655: 6651: 6641: 6639: 6626: 6625: 6621: 6611: 6609: 6601: 6600: 6596: 6573: 6569: 6559: 6557: 6547: 6546: 6542: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6513: 6507: 6503: 6493: 6491: 6489: 6474: 6468: 6464: 6454: 6452: 6443: 6442: 6438: 6428: 6426: 6417: 6416: 6412: 6402: 6400: 6391: 6390: 6383: 6373: 6371: 6362: 6361: 6357: 6347: 6345: 6336: 6335: 6328: 6320: 6313: 6309: 6308: 6304: 6291: 6290: 6286: 6278: 6271: 6267: 6266: 6262: 6246: 6245: 6238: 6236: 6235:on 4 March 2016 6232: 6225: 6223:"Archived copy" 6221: 6220: 6216: 6206: 6204: 6197: 6193: 6192: 6188: 6175: 6173: 6169: 6168: 6164: 6150: 6148: 6144: 6143: 6139: 6129: 6127: 6122: 6121: 6117: 6108: 6107: 6103: 6094: 6093: 6089: 6077: 6070: 6064: 6059: 6055: 6049: 6044: 6040: 6034: 6029: 6020: 6014: 6009: 6005: 5999: 5994: 5985: 5975: 5973: 5965: 5964: 5960: 5950: 5948: 5944: 5933: 5929: 5928: 5924: 5914: 5912: 5907: 5906: 5902: 5892: 5890: 5877: 5876: 5872: 5862: 5860: 5847: 5846: 5842: 5832: 5830: 5822: 5821: 5817: 5807: 5805: 5797: 5796: 5792: 5782: 5780: 5772: 5771: 5767: 5758: 5756: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5736: 5734: 5727: 5726: 5722: 5713: 5711: 5700: 5699: 5695: 5677:Wayback Machine 5668: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5644: 5643: 5639: 5629: 5627: 5626:on 28 July 2020 5618: 5617: 5613: 5608: 5604: 5594: 5592: 5584: 5583: 5579: 5568: 5564: 5554: 5552: 5548: 5540: 5536: 5524: 5520: 5510: 5508: 5499: 5498: 5494: 5484: 5482: 5469: 5468: 5464: 5459: 5455: 5446: 5442: 5432: 5430: 5422: 5421: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5406: 5393: 5389: 5376: 5372: 5367: 5289: 5269: 5245:First World War 5229:Swiss Civil War 5186:Korpskommandant 5172:are led by the 5147:Federal Council 5117: 4956:Guards Regiment 4916: 4899:designates the 4858: 4784: 4737: 4714: 4696:is held by the 4654:, prior to the 4648: 4626:rests with the 4612: 4584: 4544: 4467:Teilstreitkraft 4457: 4454:military branch 4437: 4426:Reichspräsident 4424:) to 1918, the 4410:king of Prussia 4398:Weimar Republic 4312:Reichspräsident 4297:began with the 4295:Weimar Republic 4262:Nuremberg Rally 4256:(right) with a 4214: 4182: 4169: 4136:and due to its 4130:Bundeswehr oath 4118: 4117: 4116: 4115: 4099:Boris Pistorius 4091: 4090: 4089: 4081: 4080: 4064: 4050:designates the 4044: 4001: 3927: 3917:, the two-time 3915:Vazgen Sargsyan 3868: 3863: 3817: 3797: 3772:Uzbek president 3768: 3748:37.180 states: 3744:, for example, 3722: 3664:U.S. President 3658: 3652: 3601:British monarch 3597: 3591: 3567: 3520: 3484: 3478: 3458: 3442: 3387:deputy minister 3367: 3290:authorizes the 3261: 3234: 3210: 3198: 3182: 3148: 3128: 3108:arms of service 3041:Dmitry Medvedev 3027: 3021: 2982: 2946:In Poland, the 2944: 2916: 2910: 2870: 2864: 2837: 2817: 2779: 2773: 2723: 2683: 2663: 2655:Kenya Air Force 2641:, known as the 2629:identifies the 2623: 2587: 2543: 2515: 2480:), an admiral ( 2446: 2333: 2317: 2293: 2277:Fourth Republic 2258:Philippe Pétain 2203:Second Republic 2134: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2124: 2102: 2093: 2070:Nicolas Sarkozy 2064: 2030:Chef des Armées 2018: 2012: 1907: 1887: 1871: 1827: 1819:National Police 1803: 1779:Defence Command 1689: 1641: 1609: 1538: 1532: 1516: 1496: 1448: 1426:designates the 1420: 1380: 1364:M. A. G. Osmani 1341: 1309: 1239:representative. 1202:The Lord Gowrie 1192: 1129: 1109: 1092: 1076:military branch 1008: 988:military branch 964: 928: 923: 910: 898: 893: 886:2+ field armies 880: 868: 865:colonel general 861:100,000–300,000 818: 805: 800: 788: 775: 763: 758: 745: 740: 728: 723: 710: 698: 693: 680: 668: 645:Typical numbers 610: 574: 569: 554: 549: 544: 530: 515: 510: 486: 448:Warrant officer 441: 438:Warrant officer 431: 428:Warrant officer 386: 376: 357: 353: 345: 307:Squadron leader 301: 289: 270: 267:Frigate captain 247: 218: 208: 191:Counter admiral 189: 179: 155: 131: 128:colonel general 126: 81: 80: 72: 64: 63: 61: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9991: 9981: 9980: 9978:Military ranks 9975: 9970: 9965: 9948: 9947: 9945: 9944: 9943: 9942: 9937: 9932: 9927: 9922: 9917: 9904: 9903: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9861: 9858: 9857: 9854: 9853: 9851: 9850: 9849: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9827: 9822: 9821: 9820: 9815: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9769: 9759: 9754: 9752:WWII equipment 9748: 9746: 9742: 9741: 9739: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9727: 9726: 9721: 9710: 9708: 9704: 9703: 9701: 9700: 9695: 9694: 9693: 9685: 9684: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9645: 9643:All watercraft 9639: 9637: 9633: 9632: 9630: 9629: 9619: 9614: 9608: 9606: 9599: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9582: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9563: 9552: 9550: 9544: 9543: 9540: 9539: 9537: 9536: 9535: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9503: 9498: 9493: 9488: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9451: 9450: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9418: 9417: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9378: 9377: 9376: 9371: 9362: 9360: 9356: 9355: 9353: 9352: 9351: 9350: 9345: 9340: 9335: 9330: 9325: 9317: 9312: 9311: 9310: 9305: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9276: 9274: 9268: 9267: 9265: 9264: 9263: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9230:Identification 9221: 9220: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9173: 9172: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9139: 9137: 9133: 9132: 9130: 9129: 9124: 9123: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9094: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9077: 9076: 9065: 9064: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9040: 9039: 9038: 9033: 9028: 9018: 9017: 9016: 9011: 9006: 8994: 8982: 8963: 8961: 8954: 8950: 8949: 8946: 8945: 8943: 8942: 8937: 8931: 8929: 8923: 8922: 8920: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8904: 8898: 8896: 8892: 8891: 8889: 8888: 8887: 8886: 8885: 8884: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8849: 8847:Sikh Americans 8844: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8824: 8818: 8816: 8812: 8811: 8809: 8808: 8803: 8797: 8795: 8789: 8788: 8786: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8765: 8760: 8754: 8752: 8748: 8747: 8745: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8718: 8712: 8703: 8702: 8700: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8683: 8682: 8677: 8672: 8667: 8662: 8657: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8638: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8611: 8609: 8605: 8604: 8601: 8600: 8598: 8597: 8595:Transportation 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8541: 8539: 8533: 8532: 8530: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8503: 8501: 8495: 8494: 8492: 8491: 8490: 8489: 8484: 8476:National Guard 8473: 8472: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8442: 8440: 8434: 8433: 8431: 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8399: 8397: 8393: 8392: 8390: 8389: 8388: 8387: 8373: 8372: 8371: 8361: 8360: 8359: 8349: 8348: 8347: 8337: 8336: 8335: 8320: 8318: 8311: 8305: 8304: 8302: 8301: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8275: 8274: 8269: 8261: 8260: 8259: 8254: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8217: 8215: 8211: 8210: 8208: 8207: 8201: 8195: 8189: 8183: 8177: 8171: 8167: 8164: 8163: 8156: 8155: 8148: 8141: 8133: 8124: 8123: 8120: 8119: 8117: 8116: 8109: 8102: 8095: 8088: 8083: 8076: 8069: 8068: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8002: 7997: 7994:Jenderal besar 7990: 7987:Chom Thap Thai 7983: 7978: 7977: 7976: 7971: 7963: 7956: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7927: 7920: 7913: 7908: 7902: 7896: 7892: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7885: 7884: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7862: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7833: 7826: 7819: 7814: 7812:Grand Domestic 7809: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7785: 7778: 7773: 7765: 7759: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7733: 7730: 7729: 7722: 7721: 7714: 7707: 7699: 7691: 7690: 7678: 7659: 7646:The New Yorker 7632: 7615: 7593: 7570: 7554: 7544: 7532: 7504: 7478: 7469: 7436: 7406: 7381: 7353: 7313: 7291: 7257: 7219: 7203: 7189: 7172: 7158: 7143: 7121: 7102: 7066: 7045:"Constitution" 7033: 7007: 6971: 6946: 6921: 6902: 6875: 6862: 6849: 6827: 6811: 6799: 6783: 6764: 6738: 6726: 6705: 6671: 6649: 6619: 6594: 6567: 6540: 6526: 6501: 6487: 6475:(google books) 6462: 6436: 6410: 6381: 6355: 6326: 6302: 6284: 6260: 6214: 6186: 6162: 6137: 6115: 6101: 6087: 6068: 6053: 6038: 6018: 6003: 5983: 5969:(in Spanish). 5958: 5938:Danish Defence 5922: 5900: 5870: 5859:on 3 July 2014 5840: 5815: 5790: 5765: 5743: 5720: 5710:on 28 May 2013 5693: 5662: 5637: 5611: 5602: 5577: 5562: 5534: 5518: 5492: 5462: 5453: 5440: 5414: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5405: 5404: 5387: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5362: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5339:Military junta 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5288: 5285: 5277:European Union 5268: 5265: 5247:, and General 5200:equivalence). 5178:Chef der Armee 5116: 5113: 5105:military staff 5038:Lennart Geijer 4964:Swedish Empire 4915: 4912: 4857: 4854: 4834:royal insignia 4819:prime minister 4783: 4780: 4736: 4733: 4713: 4710: 4683:constitutional 4647: 4644: 4632:prime minister 4611: 4608: 4600:prime minister 4583: 4580: 4564:prime minister 4543: 4540: 4532:Wilhelm Keitel 4414:German emperor 4386: 4385: 4378:3 October 1990 4365:of the ruling 4329: 4328: 4243: 4242: 4231: 4203: 4093: 4092: 4083: 4082: 4074: 4073: 4072: 4071: 4070: 4069: 4068: 4063: 4060: 4043: 4040: 4036:mainland China 4000: 3997: 3959:Party Congress 3926: 3923: 3907:Garegin Nzhdeh 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3816: 3813: 3796: 3793: 3767: 3764: 3730:National Guard 3721: 3718: 3654:Main article: 3651: 3648: 3609:prime minister 3593:Main article: 3590: 3589:United Kingdom 3587: 3566: 3563: 3519: 3516: 3503:Chom Thap Thai 3477: 3474: 3457: 3454: 3441: 3438: 3395:prime minister 3366: 3363: 3271:in uniform of 3260: 3257: 3233: 3230: 3209: 3206: 3197: 3194: 3190:Army of Serbia 3181: 3178: 3154:Emblem of the 3147: 3144: 3127: 3124: 3045:Vladimir Putin 3023:Main article: 3020: 3017: 2981: 2978: 2943: 2940: 2912:Main article: 2909: 2906: 2863: 2860: 2836: 2833: 2816: 2813: 2775:Main article: 2772: 2769: 2722: 2719: 2714: 2713: 2682: 2679: 2662: 2659: 2622: 2619: 2603:prime minister 2586: 2583: 2547:Defence Forces 2542: 2539: 2514: 2511: 2445: 2442: 2341:Droupadi Murmu 2332: 2329: 2316: 2313: 2292: 2289: 2281:Fifth Republic 2218:Third Republic 2216:The following 2205:and later the 2199:Louis Philippe 2133: 2130: 2126: 2125: 2113:Imperial Guard 2103: 2096: 2094: 2086:Champs-Élysées 2065: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2053: 2049:prime minister 2014:Main article: 2011: 2008: 1978:prime minister 1970: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1906: 1903: 1886: 1883: 1870: 1867: 1847:Yom Kippur War 1826: 1823: 1802: 1799: 1743:prime minister 1717:Danish monarch 1688: 1685: 1661:prime minister 1640: 1637: 1625:Franjo Tudjman 1608: 1605: 1581:prime minister 1531: 1528: 1515: 1512: 1495: 1492: 1447: 1444: 1419: 1416: 1379: 1376: 1353:prime minister 1340: 1337: 1308: 1305: 1256:Prime Minister 1214:Prime Minister 1191: 1188: 1128: 1125: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1099: 1091: 1088: 1080:special branch 1022:Roman Republic 1007: 1004: 966: 965: 963: 962: 955: 948: 940: 937: 936: 933: 932: 917: 916:4+ army groups 914: 903: 902: 887: 884: 873: 872: 862: 859: 853: 852: 847: 844: 838: 837: 832: 829: 823: 822: 812: 809: 793: 792: 782: 779: 768: 767: 752: 749: 733: 732: 717: 714: 703: 702: 700:staff sergeant 687: 684: 673: 672: 665:lance corporal 662: 659: 653: 652: 646: 643: 632: 631: 623: 622: 612: 611: 609: 608: 601: 594: 586: 583: 582: 579: 578: 563: 558: 538: 535: 534: 532:Air specialist 524: 519: 507:Lance corporal 504: 501: 500: 495: 493:Leading seaman 490: 480: 477: 476: 474:Enlisted ranks 470: 469: 464: 459: 454: 451: 450: 445: 435: 433:sergeant major 425: 422: 421: 415: 414: 409: 404: 399: 396: 395: 390: 380: 370: 367: 366: 364:Flying officer 361: 359:sub-lieutenant 349: 339: 336: 335: 330: 325: 320: 317: 316: 310: 309: 304: 293: 283: 280: 279: 277:Wing commander 274: 264: 259: 256: 255: 250: 243: 238: 235: 234: 228: 227: 222: 212: 202: 199: 198: 193: 183: 173: 170: 169: 164: 159: 149: 146: 145: 140: 135: 120: 117: 116: 111: 106: 97: 94: 93: 87: 86: 75: 68: 57: 50: 49: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9990: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9960: 9958: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9912: 9905: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9872: 9871: 9863: 9862: 9859: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9823: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9767: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9749: 9747: 9743: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9716: 9715: 9712: 9711: 9709: 9705: 9699: 9696: 9692: 9689: 9688: 9686: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9648: 9646: 9644: 9641: 9640: 9638: 9634: 9627: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9609: 9607: 9603: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9566: 9564: 9561: 9557: 9554: 9553: 9551: 9549: 9545: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9459: 9455: 9452: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9381: 9379: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9366: 9364: 9363: 9361: 9357: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9334: 9331: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9321: 9320: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9280: 9278: 9277: 9275: 9273: 9269: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9212:International 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9182:Inter-service 9180: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9147: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9140: 9138: 9134: 9128: 9125: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9075: 9072: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9044: 9043: 9041: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9024: 9023: 9022: 9019: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9003: 8998: 8995: 8991: 8986: 8983: 8979: 8974: 8971: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8958: 8955: 8951: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8932: 8930: 8928: 8924: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8899: 8897: 8893: 8883: 8880: 8879: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8819: 8817: 8813: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8798: 8796: 8794: 8790: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8755: 8753: 8749: 8743: 8742:Civil affairs 8740: 8738: 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8719: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8704: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8668: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8652: 8650: 8648: 8647:Installations 8645: 8643: 8640: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8617: 8616: 8613: 8612: 8610: 8606: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8542: 8540: 8538: 8534: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8504: 8502: 8500: 8496: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8446: 8444: 8443: 8441: 8439: 8435: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8394: 8386: 8385: 8381: 8380: 8379: 8378: 8374: 8370: 8367: 8366: 8365: 8362: 8358: 8355: 8354: 8353: 8350: 8346: 8343: 8342: 8341: 8338: 8334: 8333: 8329: 8328: 8327: 8326: 8322: 8321: 8319: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8306: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8264: 8262: 8258: 8257:Vice Chairman 8255: 8253: 8250: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8218: 8216: 8212: 8206: 8202: 8200: 8196: 8194: 8190: 8188: 8184: 8182: 8178: 8176: 8172: 8169: 8168: 8165: 8161: 8154: 8149: 8147: 8142: 8140: 8135: 8134: 8131: 8115: 8114: 8110: 8108: 8107: 8103: 8101: 8100: 8096: 8094: 8093: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8081: 8077: 8075: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8060:General (YPA) 8058: 8056: 8055:Field Marshal 8053: 8052: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8007: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7995: 7991: 7989: 7988: 7984: 7982: 7981:Grand marshal 7979: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7969:Generalissimo 7967: 7966: 7965:Soviet Union 7964: 7962: 7961: 7960:Generalissimo 7957: 7955: 7954: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7932: 7928: 7926: 7925: 7921: 7919: 7918: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7903: 7900: 7897: 7893: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7867: 7863: 7861: 7860: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7838: 7834: 7832: 7831: 7827: 7825: 7824: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7807: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7790: 7786: 7784: 7783: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7771: 7770:Amir al-umara 7767: 7766: 7763: 7760: 7756: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7734: 7731: 7727: 7720: 7715: 7713: 7708: 7706: 7701: 7700: 7697: 7687: 7682: 7675: 7671: 7668: 7663: 7647: 7643: 7636: 7630: 7626: 7624: 7622: 7620: 7612: 7608: 7605: 7597: 7590: 7586: 7582: 7579: 7574: 7567: 7563: 7558: 7552: 7548: 7536: 7521: 7514: 7508: 7492: 7488: 7482: 7473: 7465: 7459: 7451: 7447: 7440: 7424: 7420: 7416: 7410: 7399: 7398: 7390: 7388: 7386: 7370: 7363: 7357: 7341: 7337: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7317: 7301: 7295: 7276: 7269: 7268: 7261: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7233: 7229: 7223: 7216: 7212: 7207: 7199: 7193: 7187: 7183: 7180: 7176: 7167: 7162: 7155: 7147: 7140: 7136: 7133: 7125: 7118: 7114: 7109: 7107: 7087: 7083: 7076: 7070: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7040: 7038: 7021: 7017: 7011: 6995: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6981:Նժդեհ Գարեգին 6975: 6960: 6956: 6950: 6935: 6931: 6930:"Law section" 6925: 6918: 6914: 6911: 6906: 6890: 6886: 6879: 6872: 6866: 6859: 6853: 6837: 6831: 6824: 6820: 6815: 6808: 6803: 6796: 6792: 6787: 6781: 6777: 6773: 6768: 6752: 6748: 6742: 6735: 6730: 6723: 6719: 6714: 6712: 6710: 6690: 6683: 6682: 6675: 6659: 6653: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6623: 6608: 6604: 6598: 6590: 6586: 6582: 6578: 6571: 6556: 6555: 6550: 6544: 6529: 6527:9780981537894 6523: 6519: 6514:(googlebooks) 6512: 6505: 6490: 6488:9788124109236 6484: 6480: 6473: 6466: 6450: 6446: 6440: 6424: 6420: 6414: 6398: 6394: 6388: 6386: 6369: 6365: 6359: 6343: 6342:Teara.govt.nz 6339: 6333: 6331: 6319: 6312: 6306: 6298: 6294: 6288: 6277: 6270: 6264: 6256: 6250: 6231: 6224: 6218: 6203: 6196: 6190: 6183: 6172: 6166: 6159: 6147: 6141: 6125: 6119: 6111: 6105: 6097: 6091: 6084: 6080: 6075: 6073: 6062: 6057: 6047: 6042: 6032: 6027: 6025: 6023: 6012: 6007: 5997: 5992: 5990: 5988: 5972: 5968: 5962: 5943: 5939: 5932: 5926: 5910: 5904: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5874: 5858: 5854: 5850: 5844: 5829: 5825: 5819: 5804: 5800: 5794: 5779: 5775: 5769: 5755: 5754: 5747: 5732: 5731: 5724: 5709: 5705: 5704: 5697: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5671: 5666: 5651: 5647: 5641: 5625: 5621: 5615: 5606: 5591: 5587: 5581: 5575: 5571: 5566: 5551:. p. iii 5547: 5546: 5538: 5531: 5527: 5522: 5506: 5502: 5496: 5480: 5476: 5472: 5466: 5457: 5451: 5444: 5429: 5425: 5419: 5415: 5401: 5397: 5391: 5384: 5380: 5374: 5370: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5344:Praetorianism 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5324:Generalissimo 5322: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5290: 5284: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5264: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5250: 5246: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5221: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5201: 5199: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5166: 5164: 5161:must elect a 5160: 5156: 5152: 5151:head of state 5148: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5130: 5126: 5121: 5112: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5056: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5007: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4933: 4932:head of state 4929: 4925: 4920: 4911: 4909: 4904: 4902: 4898: 4893: 4891: 4888:chair is the 4887: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4862: 4853: 4850: 4846: 4842: 4837: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4822: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4803: 4797: 4788: 4779: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4746: 4741: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4722: 4719: 4709: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4690: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4662: 4657: 4653: 4643: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4607: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4539: 4537: 4533: 4524: 4523: 4518: 4514: 4509: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4490: 4488: 4484: 4481:, and in the 4478: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4406:head of state 4403: 4399: 4395: 4394:German Empire 4391: 4383: 4382: 4381: 4379: 4375: 4370: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4343: 4338: 4334: 4326: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4313: 4308: 4304: 4303:1925 election 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4283: 4279: 4276: 4272: 4271:head of state 4263: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4240: 4239:head of state 4236: 4232: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4212: 4209:declares the 4208: 4204: 4200: 4199: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4167: 4163: 4162: 4161: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4122: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4087: 4078: 4066: 4065: 4059: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4039: 4037: 4033: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 3996: 3994: 3990: 3986: 3981: 3979: 3978:head of state 3975: 3970: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3922: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3896: 3892: 3890: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3858: 3856: 3855:General Staff 3852: 3848: 3843: 3841: 3837: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3812: 3805: 3801: 3792: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3749: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3734:State Militia 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3698:Kamala Harris 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3672:According to 3667: 3662: 3657: 3650:United States 3647: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3624: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3596: 3586: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3562: 3560: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3535: 3531: 3528: 3524: 3515: 3513: 3509: 3504: 3498: 3489: 3483: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3453: 3451: 3447: 3437: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3402: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3362: 3360: 3356: 3351: 3349: 3343: 3341: 3335: 3333: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3314:countersigned 3310: 3307: 3302: 3301: 3295: 3293: 3289: 3284: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3265: 3256: 3254: 3247: 3246:Yoon Suk-yeol 3243: 3238: 3229: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3205: 3203: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3177: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165:states: "The 3164: 3157: 3152: 3143: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3123: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3088: 3086: 3085:general staff 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3037: 3031: 3026: 3016: 3014: 3010: 3005: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2977: 2975: 2970: 2966: 2960: 2955: 2953: 2949: 2939: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2924:head of state 2921: 2915: 2905: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2876:, before the 2875: 2869: 2859: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2832: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2805: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2789: 2784: 2778: 2768: 2766: 2762: 2757: 2755: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2718: 2711: 2710: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2700: 2699:Field Marshal 2696: 2692: 2688: 2678: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2658: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2614: 2610: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2582: 2580: 2576: 2575:Naval Service 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2538: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2510: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2441: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2395: 2390: 2389: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2357:head of state 2354: 2350: 2342: 2337: 2324: 2320: 2312: 2310: 2309:Field Marshal 2306: 2302: 2298: 2288: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2273: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2256: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2207:Second Empire 2204: 2200: 2196: 2195:July Monarchy 2192: 2191: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2176: 2172: 2171: 2166: 2165: 2160: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2122: 2121:Horace Vernet 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2068: 2062: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2041: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2017: 2007: 2004: 2002: 2001:puolustustila 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1981: 1979: 1975: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1957: 1956: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1882: 1880: 1876: 1866: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1851:field marshal 1848: 1844: 1843:Mohamed Morsi 1840: 1836: 1832: 1822: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1755:Forsvarsloven 1752: 1747: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1727: 1722: 1718: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1693: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1673: 1671: 1667: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1636: 1634: 1633:General Staff 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1527: 1525: 1521: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1491: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1443: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1415: 1413: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1389: 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A nation's 1038: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1018:Roman Kingdom 1015: 1014: 1003: 1001: 997: 993: 992:head of state 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 961: 956: 954: 949: 947: 942: 941: 939: 938: 931: 926: 921: 918: 915: 913: 908: 905: 904: 901: 896: 891: 890:field marshal 888: 885: 883: 878: 875: 874: 871: 866: 863: 860: 858: 855: 854: 851: 848: 846:30,000–50,000 845: 843: 840: 839: 836: 835:major general 833: 831:10,000–25,000 830: 828: 825: 824: 821: 816: 813: 810: 808: 803: 798: 795: 794: 791: 786: 783: 780: 778: 773: 770: 769: 766: 761: 756: 753: 750: 748: 743: 738: 735: 734: 731: 726: 721: 718: 715: 713: 708: 705: 704: 701: 696: 691: 688: 685: 683: 678: 675: 674: 671: 666: 663: 660: 658: 655: 654: 651: 642: 637: 634: 633: 629: 625: 624: 621: 618: 617: 607: 602: 600: 595: 593: 588: 587: 585: 584: 577: 572: 567: 564: 562: 559: 557: 552: 547: 542: 539: 536: 533: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 513: 508: 505: 502: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 484: 481: 478: 475: 471: 468: 465: 463: 462:Petty officer 460: 458: 455: 452: 449: 446: 444: 439: 436: 434: 429: 426: 423: 420: 416: 413: 410: 408: 407:Officer cadet 405: 403: 402:Officer cadet 400: 397: 394: 393:Pilot officer 391: 389: 384: 381: 379: 374: 371: 368: 365: 362: 360: 355: 350: 348: 343: 340: 337: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 318: 315: 311: 308: 305: 303: 297: 294: 292: 287: 284: 281: 278: 275: 273: 268: 265: 263: 260: 257: 254: 253:Group captain 251: 249: 244: 242: 239: 236: 233: 229: 226: 225:Air commodore 223: 221: 216: 213: 211: 206: 203: 200: 197: 194: 192: 187: 184: 182: 177: 176:Major general 174: 171: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 153: 150: 147: 144: 141: 139: 136: 134: 129: 124: 121: 118: 115: 112: 110: 107: 105: 101: 100:Field marshal 98: 95: 92: 88: 84: 79: 76: 74: 69: 67: 58: 55: 52: 51: 48: 45: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 9766:designations 9560:Designations 9501:Conscription 8872:Marine Corps 8806:World War II 8697:Unit mottoes 8642:The Pentagon 8560:Indo-Pacific 8382: 8375: 8330: 8323: 8181:Marine Corps 8111: 8104: 8097: 8090: 8078: 8071: 8004: 7992: 7985: 7958: 7951: 7929: 7922: 7915: 7864: 7857: 7835: 7828: 7821: 7806:Dux bellorum 7804: 7787: 7780: 7768: 7744:Flag officer 7681: 7662: 7650:. Retrieved 7648:. p. 50 7645: 7635: 7601:(in Swedish) 7596: 7573: 7557: 7547: 7540:(in Swedish) 7535: 7523:. Retrieved 7507: 7495:. Retrieved 7491:the original 7481: 7472: 7449: 7445: 7439: 7427:. Retrieved 7423:the original 7409: 7396: 7372:. Retrieved 7356: 7344:. Retrieved 7340:the original 7327: 7316: 7304:. Retrieved 7294: 7282:. Retrieved 7275:the original 7266: 7260: 7248:. Retrieved 7244:the original 7231: 7222: 7206: 7192: 7175: 7161: 7146: 7124: 7093:. Retrieved 7086:the original 7069: 7057:. Retrieved 7053:the original 7024:. Retrieved 7020:the original 7010: 6998:. Retrieved 6994:the original 6985: 6974: 6962:. Retrieved 6958: 6949: 6937:. Retrieved 6933: 6924: 6905: 6893:. Retrieved 6888: 6878: 6870: 6865: 6857: 6852: 6840:. Retrieved 6830: 6814: 6802: 6786: 6767: 6755:. Retrieved 6751:the original 6741: 6729: 6696:. Retrieved 6689:the original 6680: 6674: 6662:. Retrieved 6652: 6640:. Retrieved 6636:the original 6622: 6610:. 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Retrieved 5580: 5570:Constitution 5569: 5565: 5553:. Retrieved 5544: 5537: 5525: 5521: 5509:. Retrieved 5505:the original 5495: 5483:. Retrieved 5479:the original 5465: 5456: 5443: 5431:. 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