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467:, Italy – is incused below the quadrilateral with the phrase "M Lorioli & Castelli Milano et EB Mod. Rip. Ris". The reverse is inscribed along its edge with the phrase "MARCIA SV ROMA" ("MARCH ON ROME") around the upper half and the phrase "27 OTTOBRE–1 NOVEMBRE 1922" ("27 OCTOBER–1 NOVEMBER 1922") around the lower half, with two small stars, one each on the left and right edges, separating the phrases.
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in Rome, but Victor
Emmanuel, fearing bloodshed, refused to sign it. Facta resigned on 29 October, and on 30 October Victor Emmanuel summoned Mussolini to Rome. On 31 October 1922, the king appointed Mussolini as the next
344:." With royal decrees of 31 January 1926, 1 November 1928, and 15 July 1938 the Kingdom of Italy greatly expanded eligibility for the medal.
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in 19 columns, and they entered the city on 28 October and began the first of three days of PNF marches and demonstrations. Facta drafted an order declaring
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delimited by four fasces, within which a recipient could have his name engraved. The identity of the manufacturer of the medal – Lorioli & Castelli of
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The bronze medal for all other members of the
National Fascist Party who participated in the march between 27 October and 1 November 1922.
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The
Commemorative Medal of the March on Rome was created on 31 December 1923 by an order of the Voluntary Militia for National Security (
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The medal is a gold, silver, or bronze disc with a diameter of 34 millimetres (1.3 in) and an hook attachment. The obverse depicts a
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The royal decree of 31 January 1926 extended eligibility to all members of the
Voluntary Militia for National Security (
386:, a column leader during the march, was changed to a gold medal on the occasion of his appointment as secretary of the party.
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The gold medal for Benito
Mussolini, the Quadrumvirs, and the administrative secretary of the National Fascist Party,
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del Regno d'Italia ("Official
Gazette of the Kingdom of Italy") Number 49 of 1 March 1926 (in Italian).
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After the initial creation of the medal in 1923, the
Kingdom of Italy expanded eligibility for it as follows:
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The royal decree of 1 November 1928 extended eligibility to personnel who were members of the
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to resign and appointing
Mussolini to replace him. On 25 October 1922, he appointed the "
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By order of the
National Fascist Party on 7 December 1931, the silver medal awarded to
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The silver medal for the 19 commanders of the columns organized to converge on Rome in the march.
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The ribbon is divided equally into two vertical bands representing the colors of the
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on 28 October 1922 but did not engage in opposition to the march that day.
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Royal Decree Number 2485 of 1 November 1928 (in
Italian).
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The royal decree of 15 July 1938 made all members of the
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Royal Decree No. 1179 of 15 July 1938 (in Italian).
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562:The Seizure of Power: Fascism in Italy, 1919–1929
47:The obverse (left) and reverse of the medal.
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614:Uso delle decorazioni per il personale militare
399:Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale
338:Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale
612:Royal Decree Number 273 of 31 January 1926,
180:Medaglia commemorativa della Marcia su Roma
34:Medaglia commemorativa della Marcia su Roma
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459:. The reverse is centered around a blank
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27:Commemorative Medal of the March on Rome
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564:. New York: Routledge. pp. 75–77.
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352:The medal was issued in three grades,
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444:in his right hand and supporting a
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318:regarded as the beginning of the "
182:) was a decoration granted by the
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727:Aftermath of World War I in Italy
586:"March on Rome | Italian history"
448:in his left hand. Behind him are
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340:or MVSN), commonly called the "
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697:Awards established in 1923
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669:Morittu, Giuseppe (1982).
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283:Cesare Maria De Vecchi
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233:National Fascist Party
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149:Cesare Maria De Vecchi
135:Gold medal recipients
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64:Participation in the
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243:or PNF) to pressure
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324:" ("Fascist Era").
314:in Italy and which
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120:Ribbon of the medal
56:Commemorative medal
619:Gazzetta Ufficiale
370:Giovanni Marinelli
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571:978-0-415-55394-0
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72:Presented by
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437:holding an
403:Blackshirts
348:Eligibility
342:Blackshirts
299:martial law
287:Italo Balbo
267:Quadrumvirs
263:Luigi Facta
145:Italo Balbo
102:Established
82:Eligibility
61:Awarded for
686:Categories
542:References
424:Appearance
219:Background
197:and began
87:Blackshirt
547:Citations
450:legionary
419:eligible.
655:Morritu.
493:See also
487:amaranth
273:leaders
269:" – the
97:obsolete
595:25 July
457:daggers
395:Italian
334:Italian
328:History
252:Italian
237:Italian
215:Era").
213:Fascist
176:Italian
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478:comune
471:Ribbon
446:fasces
362:bronze
360:, and
358:silver
301:and a
285:, and
147:, and
94:Status
675:Padua
465:Milan
454:Roman
442:crown
429:Medal
291:Milan
21:Award
597:2017
566:ISBN
354:gold
295:Rome
245:King
211:" ("
170:The
164:Rome
53:Type
439:oak
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