3046:: There is no reason to expect, and no evidence that I have seen to demonstrate, that the actual executions were less than planned; in fact the executions perhaps exceeded the plan if we consider two following factors. First, this decree was issued in 1953 for the rent and interest reduction campaign that preceded the far more radical land redistribution and party rectification campaigns (or waves) that followed during 1954-1956. Second, the decree was meant to apply to free areas (under the control of the Viet Minh government), not to the areas under French control that would be liberated in 1954-1955 and that would experience a far more violent struggle. Thus the number of 13,500 executed people seems to be a low-end estimate of the real number. This is corroborated by Edwin Moise in his recent paper "Land Reform in North Vietnam, 1953-1956" presented at the 18th Annual Conference on SE Asian Studies, Center for SE Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley (February 2001). In this paper Moise (7-9) modified his earlier estimate in his 1983 book (which was 5,000) and accepted an estimate close to 15,000 executions. Moise made the case based on Hungarian reports provided by Balazs, but the document I cited above offers more direct evidence for his revised estimate. This document also suggests that the total number should be adjusted up some more, taking into consideration the later radical phase of the campaign, the unauthorized killings at the local level, and the suicides following arrest and torture (the central government bore less direct responsibility for these cases, however).
1499:
1732:
261:
1267:
2699:
5058:
1846:
5068:
65:
2688:
126:
24:
1278:
1790:. Võ Đại Tôn was captured and imprisoned until his release in December 1991. Lê Quốc Túy stayed in France so he could undergo kidney treatment while his allies were arrested and executed in Vietnam. These organisations gained massive funding from US-aligned interest groups as from their eyes, transitioning modern-day Vietnam into a
1794:
would be a superior economic and social alternative and would improve the lifestyle of many of those living under the current socialist system (which utilises many capitalist-style marketing techniques), whereas Pro-Socialists in
Vietnam may unwittingly see this act, even if it is viewed as benign by
1711:
in
Thailand. Some managed to travel as far as Australia in crowded, open boats. While most refugees were resettled in other countries within five years, others languished in refugee camps for over a decade. In the 1990s, refugees who could not find asylum were deported back to Vietnam. Communities of
1428:(League for the Independence of Vietnam). The Front was to be an umbrella group for parties fighting for Vietnam's independence from French and Japanese occupation, but was dominated by the Indochinese Communist Party. The Việt Minh had an armed force and, during the war, worked with the American
2757:
was approved in April 2013, replacing the 1992 version. The central role of the
Communist Party was reasserted in all organs of government, politics and society. Only political organizations affiliated with or endorsed by the Communist Party are permitted to contest elections. These include the
1795:
pro-democratic, as an act of reopening unhealed wounds. Additionally, a drastic shift in governance ideology would produce a change too vast for the
Vietnamese to cope with, as evident with how Russia suffered immense drops in economic and social conditions when USSR dissolved in 1991 due to
1777:
space station. During the early 1980s, a number of overseas
Vietnamese organisations were created with the aim of overthrowing the newly unified government through armed struggle once peaceful protesting was no longer a viable option. Most groups attempted to infiltrate Vietnam but they were
1613:
at very low prices, otherwise farmers and fishermen couldn't purchase farming supplies and fishing equipment. Transportation of food and goods between provinces was deemed illegal except by the government. Within a short period of time, Vietnam was hit by severe shortages of food and basic
2072:
1548:
soldiers between 1957 and 1972. Statistics for 1968–72 suggest that "about 80 percent of the victims were ordinary civilians and only about 20 percent of them were government officials, policemen, members of the self-defence forces or pacification cadres." In the former capital city of
1529:, an assault on more than 100 South Vietnamese urban centres in 1968, including an attack on the U.S. embassy in Saigon. The offensive riveted the attention of the world's media for weeks, but also overextended the NLF. Later communist offensives were conducted predominantly by the
1823:
values. This was tolerated by most local authorities before becoming widespread and popular after small business regulations loosened in the 1990s – around the same the time the USSR started to dissolve. Vietnam's economy started to recover and poverty levels gradually declined.
2803:
of the government, composed of 499 members. It is superior to both the executive and judicial branches, but not to the
Communist Party. All members of the council of ministers (executive branch) are derived from the National Assembly. The
1819:(Council for Mutual Economic Assistance) countries during this time. Some cadres, realizing the economic suffering of the people, began to break the rules and experiment with market-oriented enterprises, thus, following models inspired by
2824:
are also a powerful branch of the judiciary with special jurisdiction in matters of national security. All organs of
Vietnam's government are led by the Communist Party. Most government appointees are members of the party. The
3115:
Clearly
Vietnamese socialism followed a moderate path relative to China. ... Yet the Vietnamese 'land reform' campaign ... testified that Vietnamese communists could be as radical and murderous as their comrades
2053:
5023:
2098:
2375:
2060:
1803:
while most fell behind, some to such an extent that it will take over fifty years to catch up to where they were before the fall of the Soviet Bloc, justifying that
Vietnam did not need to transition to
3027:
5033:
1476:, a lower estimate of 50,000 executions was accepted by many scholars at the time. However, declassified documents from the Vietnamese and Hungarian archives indicate the number of executions was
4947:
4992:
2034:
2091:
1664:(Reactionary), with consequences ranging from harassment by the police, to expulsion from one's school or workplace, or imprisonment. Nevertheless, the government failed to suppress the
2133:
1921:
1513:(NLF) on December 20, 1960, to foment insurgency in the South. Many of the NLF's core members were volunteer "regroupees", southern Việt Minh who had resettled in the North after the
335:
1498:
1605:
or the former NLF and their families were often the recipients of the confiscated properties, often in downtown areas of cities and towns. The farmers were coerced into state-owned
1472:
a ratio of one execution for every 160 village residents, which extrapolated to a nationwide total of almost 100,000 executions. Because the campaign was mainly concentrated in the
4782:
1811:
However, throughout the 1980s, the voices of the
Overseas Vietnamese and those struggling under the socialist system were not left unheard, as Vietnam made the transition from a
5028:
3764:
3744:
2086:
1887:
4987:
2444:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1668:, where food, consumer goods, and banned literature could be bought at high prices. The security apparatus also failed to stop a clandestine nationwide network of people from
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3907:
3769:
2456:
2370:
2048:
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These conditions resulted in an exodus of around 2.5 million Vietnamese (approximately 5% of the population) secretly escaping the country either by sea or overland through
4997:
2449:
4942:
4907:
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and its allies. Many of those who held high positions in the old South Vietnamese government and military, and others who profited from the colonial regime were sent to
4832:
4722:
2552:
4952:
4927:
4842:
4822:
4772:
4742:
4732:
5038:
4912:
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1991:
1979:
2103:
4982:
4757:
4872:
4852:
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is one of the most important political leaders in the nation, controlling the party's national organization and state appointments, as well as setting policy.
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4937:
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1815:. It had also received nearly $ 3 billion a year in economic and military aid from the Soviet Union. Most of its trade was conducted with the USSR and other
1755:, was written in 1980. The Communist Party was stated by the Constitution to be the only party to represent the people and to lead the country, according to
1731:
5043:
4962:
4922:
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4812:
4777:
3058:
4882:
4802:
3749:
3734:
3729:
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1998:
1986:
1974:
1799:. In the following decades of the dissolution of the USSR, only five or six of the post-communist states are on a path to joining the wealthy capitalist
2569:
2027:
1625:), and signing a Friendship Pact, which was in fact a military alliance, with the Soviet Union. Tensions between Vietnam and China mounted along with
3213:
2015:
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4120:
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2022:
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2139:
2010:
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1593:. Over the next few years, private enterprises and private homes were seized by the government and their owners were often sent to the
1589:
as its Secretary General. The National Liberation Front was dissolved. The Party emphasised the development of heavy industry and the
2627:
589:
521:
1672:. In many cases, the security officers of whole districts were bribed and they even got involved in organising the escape schemes.
4487:
3880:
3875:
3326:
2565:
2560:
1039:
330:
190:
1406:
5097:
4972:
3532:
2789:, presiding over a council of ministers composed of three deputy prime ministers and the heads of 26 ministries and commissions.
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987:
162:
4178:
3520:
3355:
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2614:
2610:
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in 1954. Between 1953 and 1956, the government of the DRV instituted various agrarian reforms, including "rent reduction" and "
584:
2709:
3912:
3525:
3428:
3185:
2998:
2596:
2591:
2285:
1169:
143:
37:
169:
4699:
4600:
4509:
3870:
3865:
3570:
2805:
2545:
569:
3413:
3983:
3978:
3965:
3739:
2439:
1306:
1342:: the Indochinese Communist Party, the Annamese Communist Party, and the Indochinese Communist Union, later joined by a
2936:
2231:
1468:", which resulted in the execution of thousands of accused landlords. During the land reform, testimony from witnesses
1436:, other non-Communist Vietnamese parties also joined the Việt Minh and established armed forces with backing from the
176:
4652:
4356:
4105:
4061:
3498:
3418:
3339:
3146:
3108:
2729:
2326:
1433:
1121:
227:
209:
107:
51:
3933:
3423:
3408:
4363:
3807:
2412:
2246:
1779:
1144:
564:
1786:
from the US, Võ Đại Tôn from Australia, and Lê Quốc Túy from France. Hoàng Cơ Minh was killed during an ambush in
4232:
4115:
4110:
3488:
1649:
1557:. During the interim between the capture of the Citadel and the end of the "Battle of Huế", the occupying forces
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387:
158:
74:
1521:
in the early 1960s. The NLF called for Southern Vietnamese to "overthrow the camouflaged colonial regime of the
909:
4470:
4137:
4093:
3575:
3395:
3231:
Milanovic, Branko (2015-03-04). "After the Wall Fell: The Poor Balance Sheet of the Transition to Capitalism".
1206:
147:
1397:
During the 1930s, the Communist Party was nearly wiped out due to French execution of its top leaders such as
1390:
to join the Comintern and, in the late 1920s, acted as a Comintern agent to help build Communist movements in
5092:
4529:
4127:
3950:
3483:
2422:
2185:
2174:
1570:
1378:, did not favour nationalistic sentiments. Nguyễn Ái Quốc was a leftist revolutionary who had been living in
1216:
325:
4892:
4284:
4249:
3830:
3694:
3360:
3319:
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2722:
2584:
1429:
1238:
1154:
1092:
1029:
443:
347:
3403:
1656:
had to be organised into state-controlled associations. Any negative comments about the Party, the State,
4612:
4215:
4171:
4051:
3928:
3689:
3630:
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3375:
3370:
3365:
2989:
2812:
in the nation, is also answerable to the National Assembly. Beneath the Supreme People's Court stand the
2759:
2517:
2407:
2298:
2129:
1642:
1602:
1530:
1174:
884:
372:
2536:
2474:
2399:
2379:
2206:
2065:
2003:
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1581:
dropped its front name "Labor Party" and changed the title of First Secretary, a term used in China, to
4296:
4279:
4256:
4078:
3885:
3857:
3721:
3585:
3510:
3493:
3100:
2821:
2645:
2502:
1967:
1598:
1594:
1578:
1363:
1201:
4465:
4201:
4166:
3802:
3790:
3560:
3555:
3476:
3162:
2779:
2481:
2310:
2227:
2200:
1796:
624:
554:
43:
1355:
4827:
4714:
4692:
4383:
4253:
4196:
4083:
4073:
4056:
3945:
3515:
3385:
2417:
1606:
1609:. All food production was collectivised, forcing farmers and fishermen to sell their goods to the
183:
4605:
4428:
4398:
4316:
4274:
3699:
3684:
3542:
3312:
3138:
2817:
2754:
2673:
2668:
1914:
1769:
became the first Vietnamese person and the first Asian to go into space, traveling on the Soviet
1461:
1351:
1299:
1228:
531:
420:
136:
3094:
2260:
2039:
4917:
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4161:
4149:
4068:
4018:
3704:
2640:
2632:
2149:
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1525:" and to make "efforts towards the peaceful unification". The PLAF's best-known action was the
1465:
1383:
78:
4038:
3065:
Szalontai, Balazs (November 2005). "Political and Economic Crisis in North Vietnam, 1955–56".
2874:"The Other Side of the 1945 Vietnamese Revolution: The Empire of Viet-Nam (March-August 1945)"
2782:
2484:
2238:
4932:
4887:
4867:
4857:
4588:
4578:
4553:
4497:
4289:
3814:
3797:
3679:
2848:
2280:
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1867:
1610:
1533:. The NLF was dissolved in 1976 when North and South Vietnam were officially unified under a
1417:
1179:
992:
472:
315:
295:
2253:
1374:
Later the party changed its name to the Indochinese Communist Party as the Comintern, under
4573:
4558:
4448:
4351:
4227:
4188:
4156:
3938:
3847:
3785:
3550:
3454:
2763:
2663:
2527:
2471:
2432:
2395:
2181:
1872:
1756:
1630:
1522:
1514:
1126:
1116:
1044:
939:
919:
536:
526:
509:
305:
1402:
89:
8:
5012:
4902:
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4519:
4455:
4388:
4378:
4346:
4341:
4334:
4269:
4244:
4132:
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3667:
3642:
3625:
3620:
3608:
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3505:
2843:
2838:
2775:
2622:
2427:
1877:
1836:
1558:
1457:
1330:
1233:
1149:
1074:
1062:
1034:
1007:
997:
914:
799:
674:
602:
559:
494:
489:
484:
465:
450:
342:
285:
4423:
1517:. Hanoi gave the regroupees military training and sent them back to the South along the
4877:
4787:
4762:
4645:
4622:
4617:
4514:
4460:
4415:
4329:
4144:
4100:
4023:
4006:
3471:
3347:
3256:
3203:
3133:
3082:
2969:
2909:
2901:
2786:
2771:
2600:
1783:
1740:
1634:
1590:
1292:
1253:
1211:
1184:
1085:
1019:
1014:
1002:
769:
689:
425:
244:
4028:
1812:
1660:, or anything else that was critical of status-quo might earn the person the tag of a
1413:
1347:
904:
5067:
4847:
4797:
4502:
4482:
4443:
4393:
4373:
4324:
4239:
4088:
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3291:
3260:
3248:
3191:
3181:
3142:
3104:
3086:
3052:
2994:
2932:
2913:
2893:
2267:
1805:
1791:
1708:
1626:
1582:
1554:
1518:
1069:
1024:
844:
734:
724:
654:
477:
362:
357:
320:
290:
260:
2385:
2077:
854:
829:
694:
4661:
4595:
4536:
4524:
4477:
4403:
4306:
4264:
3637:
3593:
3380:
3283:
3240:
3074:
2961:
2885:
1282:
1271:
1164:
964:
864:
759:
704:
659:
649:
634:
516:
415:
382:
3244:
2337:
1766:
1553:, NLF troops captured the Imperial Citadel and much of the city, which led to the
85:
4492:
4368:
4301:
3615:
3598:
2809:
2750:
2703:
1679:. Some were successful in fleeing the region and large numbers of them landed in
1534:
1473:
1339:
789:
729:
719:
714:
644:
405:
377:
352:
310:
300:
275:
3017:, Indiana University Press, p. 340, gives a lower estimate of 32,000 executions.
1398:
4666:
4433:
3711:
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2507:
1725:
1391:
1111:
959:
899:
869:
754:
749:
669:
664:
639:
280:
3078:
1586:
5086:
5061:
3438:
3433:
3295:
3252:
3195:
2897:
2767:
1898:
1820:
1800:
1700:
1696:
1638:
1545:
1526:
1453:
1375:
1248:
954:
934:
924:
849:
804:
784:
774:
699:
679:
3287:
3647:
3128:
1744:
1721:
1665:
1618:
1387:
1159:
944:
894:
889:
879:
859:
814:
809:
794:
684:
619:
410:
367:
5071:
2800:
2192:
1688:
1657:
1493:
1449:
1243:
969:
949:
824:
819:
779:
764:
709:
614:
3096:
Paths to Development in Asia: South Korea, Vietnam, China, and Indonesia
2698:
2973:
2952:
Gittinger, J. Price (1959). "Communist Land Policy in North Viet Nam".
2905:
2873:
2797:
1437:
1343:
839:
834:
744:
739:
1763:
1717:
1684:
1541:
1502:
1421:
1359:
1320:
1223:
929:
874:
629:
430:
252:
4677:
2965:
2889:
1845:
1617:
In foreign relations, the SRVN became increasingly aligned with the
125:
3304:
1774:
1770:
1680:
1676:
1653:
1597:
to clear land, often to uninhabited forested areas. Members of the
1510:
1194:
1189:
1079:
460:
3335:
1816:
1622:
1550:
1335:
1324:
455:
1713:
1704:
1379:
609:
3175:
1277:
4541:
3274:
Riedel, James (1997). "The Vietnamese Economy in the 1990s".
2778:, chairing the Council on National Defense and Security. The
1692:
1574:
3178:
Red hangover : legacies of twentieth-century communism
1787:
1752:
3015:
The Indochinese Experience of the French and the Americans
1569:
In 1975, Vietnam was officially reunified and renamed the
1480:
than reported at the time, although likely greater than
1621:
by joining the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (
1362:
to coordinate the unification of the parties into the
1338:
was introduced in Vietnam with the emergence of three
1452:
declared Vietnamese independence and established the
1751:Vietnam's third Constitution, based on that of the
150:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3176:Ghodsee, Kristen Rogheh, 1970- (19 October 2017).
2532:Steering Committee of the Central Judicial Reform
2929:Vietnamese Communism: Its Origins and Development
1633:, then China's ally. Vietnam was also subject to
1382:since 1911. Participating in the founding of the
5084:
3057:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2931:. Hoover Institution Publications. p. 143.
1366:, with Trần Phú as its first Secretary General.
1544:are estimated to have eliminated about 36,725
1432:to collect intelligence on the Japanese. From
4693:
3320:
3028:"Newly released documents on the land reform"
2730:
1813:centrally planned economy to a market economy
1782:. Most notable were the organisations led by
1300:
3212:) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
52:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4700:
4686:
3327:
3313:
3216:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3208:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3034:. Archived from the original on 2011-04-20
2737:
2723:
1307:
1293:
88:. Please do not remove this message until
3230:
3064:
2993:. Harvard University Press. p. 569.
2951:
2762:, worker and trade unionist parties. The
2465:Council for National Defense and Security
228:Learn how and when to remove this message
210:Learn how and when to remove this message
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
2987:Courtois, Stephane; et al. (1997).
2986:
2827:General Secretary of the Communist Party
1827:
1730:
1497:
1456:. The country would go on to defeat the
84:Relevant discussion may be found on the
3394:
2749:The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a
2347:Vietnam General Confederation of Labour
1780:security apparatus and the armed forces
1712:Vietnamese refugees arrived in the US,
1645:, which were hard labor prison camps.
5085:
3273:
2926:
4707:
4681:
3913:National Defense and Security Council
3308:
2871:
2286:Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs
1627:China's rivalry with the Soviet Union
1412:In 1941 Nguyễn Ái Quốc, now known as
1170:Mass killings under communist regimes
3334:
3127:
2867:
2865:
2863:
1691:, and Hong Kong, only to wind up in
1648:The SRVN government implemented the
336:"From each according to his ability,
148:adding citations to reliable sources
119:
58:
17:
3740:Permanent Member of the Secretariat
3121:
1564:
13:
3092:
14:
5109:
3276:Asian-Pacific Economic Literature
2860:
2806:Supreme People's Court of Vietnam
2327:Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union
1585:, used in the Soviet Union, with
1122:Criticism of communist party rule
33:This article has multiple issues.
5066:
5057:
5056:
3745:History of central officeholders
2697:
2686:
1844:
1735:Chairman of the Communist Party
1443:
1276:
1265:
1145:21st-century communist theorists
259:
124:
63:
22:
4547:Traditional musical instruments
3267:
3224:
1650:dictatorship of the proletariat
1591:collectivisation of agriculture
1334:and the push for independence.
388:Dictatorship of the proletariat
338:to each according to his needs"
135:needs additional citations for
41:or discuss these issues on the
5098:Political movements in Vietnam
5024:British Indian Ocean Territory
3169:
3155:
3020:
3007:
2980:
2945:
2920:
1695:camps. Some famous camps were
1535:unitary Marxist-Leninist state
1487:
1454:Democratic Republic of Vietnam
1426:Việt Nam Độc Lập Đồng Minh Hội
1:
3765:Central Inspection Commission
3245:10.1080/05775132.2015.1012402
2854:
1888:Central Propaganda Department
1778:eventually surpressed by the
1571:Socialist Republic of Vietnam
1386:, in 1924 he traveled to the
326:Critique of political economy
2878:The Journal of Asian Studies
2794:National Assembly of Vietnam
2163:Provincial People's Councils
1670:trying to escape the country
1573:(SRVN), with its capital in
1430:Office of Strategic Services
1239:Socialist mode of production
1155:Anti-communist mass killings
1093:Workers of the world, unite!
348:Proletarian internationalism
7:
3908:Central Military Commission
3770:Central Military Commission
3163:"Vietnam - Population 1975"
2990:The Black Book of Communism
2832:
2814:provincial municipal courts
2760:Vietnamese Fatherland Front
2592:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2371:Central Military Commission
1893:Central Theoretical Council
1207:Marx's theory of alienation
90:conditions to do so are met
10:
5114:
3876:Supreme People's Procuracy
3101:Cambridge University Press
3013:Dommen, Arthur J. (2001),
2927:Turner, Robert F. (1975).
2646:Vietnam and the World Bank
2561:Supreme People's Procuracy
2281:Governor of the State Bank
1629:and conflict erupted with
1579:Communist Party of Vietnam
1491:
1369:
1364:Vietnamese Communist Party
5052:
5011:
4971:
4713:
4639:
4414:
4315:
4223:
4214:
4187:
4014:
4005:
3964:
3921:
3898:
3856:
3823:
3778:
3720:
3675:
3666:
3584:
3541:
3462:
3453:
3346:
3079:10.1080/14682740500284630
2780:Prime Minister of Vietnam
1743:, to meet U.S. President
1511:National Liberation Front
4773:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2669:Administrative divisions
1603:People's Army of Vietnam
1531:People's Army of Vietnam
1509:The DRV established the
373:Workers' self-management
5034:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3288:10.1111/1467-8411.00016
3139:Oxford University Press
2808:, which is the highest
2351:Viet Nam Farmer's Union
1707:in the Philippines and
1462:Battle of Dien Bien Phu
1352:Communist International
1229:Revolutionary socialism
421:Socialization (Marxism)
4357:Language and computers
4106:Science and Technology
3866:Supreme People's Court
3808:Deputy Prime Ministers
3599:Hong (Red) River Delta
2872:Chieu, Vu Ngu (1986).
2611:Diplomatic missions of
2546:Supreme People's Court
2247:Deputy Prime Ministers
1748:
1693:United Nations refugee
1506:
1384:French Communist Party
159:"Communism in Vietnam"
4589:Person Dignity Theory
3032:Vietnam Studies Group
2849:Trotskyism in Vietnam
2423:Air Defense-Air Force
2354:Vietnam Women’s Union
2087:Inspection Commission
1868:Collective leadership
1828:Government of Vietnam
1734:
1523:American Imperialists
1501:
1180:Intentional community
296:Collective leadership
5093:Communism in Vietnam
4948:United Arab Emirates
4111:Traditional medicine
3989:Self-Defence Militia
3533:World Heritage Sites
3489:Environmental issues
2764:President of Vietnam
1515:Geneva Accord (1954)
1474:Red River Delta area
1283:Socialism portal
1272:Communism portal
1127:Criticism of Marxism
1117:Communist propaganda
537:Fourth International
527:Second International
306:Communist revolution
144:improve this article
4975:limited recognition
4584:Ho Chi Minh Thought
3760:Central Secretariat
3141:. p. 272-273.
2844:Ho Chi Minh Thought
2839:Politics of Vietnam
2776:military of Vietnam
2704:Politics portal
2457:Civil Defence Force
2392:Commander-in-Chief
2049:Military Commission
1878:Ho Chi Minh Thought
1837:Politics of Vietnam
1458:French colonialists
1331:Politics of Vietnam
1234:Socialist economics
1150:Anti anti-communism
1139:Related topics
1075:Red flag (politics)
532:Third International
522:First International
343:Market abolitionism
286:Class consciousness
77:of this article is
4623:Vietnamese studies
4335:Overseas community
4128:Telecommunications
3881:Procurator-General
3836:Standing Committee
3526:Endangered species
3134:America in Vietnam
3093:Vu, Tuong (2010).
2954:Far Eastern Survey
2787:head of government
2772:commander-in-chief
2755:state constitution
2693:Vietnam portal
2566:Procurator-General
2384:Deputy Secretary:
2305:Central Committee
2140:Standing Committee
1749:
1741:Joint Base Andrews
1595:New Economic Zones
1507:
1505:prisoners in 1965.
1254:Worker cooperative
1212:National communism
1185:Left-wing politics
1086:The Internationale
426:Economic democracy
5080:
5079:
5017:other territories
4708:Communism in Asia
4675:
4674:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4601:Traditional games
4285:Human trafficking
4210:
4209:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3894:
3893:
3831:National Assembly
3750:National Congress
3735:General Secretary
3730:Central Committee
3695:Foreign relations
3662:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3631:Central Highlands
3449:
3448:
3414:Chinese dominated
3187:978-0-8223-7241-7
3000:978-0-674-07608-2
2747:
2746:
2628:Visa requirements
2585:Foreign relations
2522:Justice Committee
2518:National Assembly
2331:Central Committee
2319:Nguyễn Thị Thu Hà
2130:National Assembly
1999:General Secretary
1987:Central Committee
1975:National Congress
1806:Liberal democracy
1792:Liberal democracy
1643:reeducation camps
1583:Secretary-General
1519:Ho Chi Minh trail
1354:(Comintern) sent
1340:communist parties
1328:is linked to the
1317:
1316:
1070:Hammer and sickle
555:Communist Parties
363:Stateless society
358:Social revolution
321:Communist society
291:Classless society
238:
237:
230:
220:
219:
212:
194:
118:
117:
110:
56:
5105:
5070:
5060:
5059:
5029:Christmas Island
4715:Sovereign states
4702:
4695:
4688:
4679:
4678:
4655:
4648:
4313:
4312:
4221:
4220:
4052:Renewable energy
4042:
4034:
4012:
4011:
3919:
3918:
3718:
3717:
3690:Fatherland Front
3673:
3672:
3539:
3538:
3460:
3459:
3392:
3391:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3299:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3207:
3199:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3090:
3067:Cold War History
3062:
3056:
3048:
3040:
3039:
3024:
3018:
3011:
3005:
3004:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2869:
2770:and the nominal
2739:
2732:
2725:
2702:
2701:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2555:
2537:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
2380:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
2334:First Secretary
2321:
2317:Gen. Secretary:
2313:
2299:Fatherland Front
2270:
2263:
2256:
2241:
2209:
2195:
2095:
2073:Deputy Secretary
2066:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
2057:
2035:Permanent Member
2031:
2019:
2004:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
1995:
1983:
1873:Marxism–Leninism
1848:
1832:
1831:
1757:Marxist–Leninist
1737:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
1652:nationwide. All
1565:Post Vietnam War
1546:South Vietnamese
1418:northern Vietnam
1346:movement led by
1309:
1302:
1295:
1281:
1280:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1175:Internationalism
1165:Communitarianism
517:Communist League
416:Common ownership
383:World revolution
331:Free association
263:
240:
239:
233:
226:
215:
208:
204:
201:
195:
193:
152:
128:
120:
113:
106:
102:
99:
93:
67:
66:
59:
48:
26:
25:
18:
5113:
5112:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5083:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5048:
5016:
5007:
4988:Northern Cyprus
4974:
4967:
4709:
4706:
4676:
4671:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4627:
4410:
4311:
4297:Public holidays
4280:Sex trafficking
4206:
4183:
4079:Five-Year Plans
4040:
4032:
3993:
3968:
3966:Public Security
3960:
3917:
3890:
3886:Military Courts
3852:
3819:
3774:
3722:Communist Party
3716:
3654:
3580:
3576:Electoral units
3537:
3494:Protected areas
3445:
3424:French colonial
3390:
3342:
3333:
3303:
3272:
3268:
3229:
3225:
3201:
3200:
3188:
3174:
3170:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3149:
3126:
3122:
3111:
3103:. p. 103.
3050:
3049:
3037:
3035:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3012:
3008:
3001:
2985:
2981:
2966:10.2307/3024603
2950:
2946:
2939:
2925:
2921:
2890:10.2307/2055845
2870:
2861:
2857:
2835:
2822:Military courts
2810:court of appeal
2783:Phạm Minh Chính
2766:is the titular
2751:one-party state
2743:
2714:
2710:Other countries
2696:
2687:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2659:
2651:
2650:
2637:
2619:
2607:
2587:
2577:
2576:
2553:Nguyễn Hòa Bình
2551:Chief Justice:
2550:
2513:
2512:
2492:
2491:
2485:Phạm Minh Chính
2480:Vice-chairman:
2475:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân
2467:
2445:Security forces
2440:Public Security
2400:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân
2366:
2358:
2357:
2316:
2308:
2301:
2291:
2290:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2239:Phạm Minh Chính
2237:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2207:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân
2205:
2191:
2177:
2167:
2166:
2160:
2125:
2117:
2116:
2089:
2051:
2025:
2013:
1989:
1977:
1970:
1968:Communist Party
1960:
1959:
1954:
1917:
1907:
1906:
1860:
1839:
1830:
1773:to service the
1635:trade embargoes
1567:
1559:Massacre at Huế
1496:
1490:
1446:
1422:Việt Minh Front
1372:
1350:. In 1930, the
1313:
1275:
1274:
1266:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1140:
1132:
1131:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1065:
1055:
1054:
983:
975:
974:
605:
595:
594:
550:
542:
541:
512:
502:
501:
446:
436:
435:
406:Planned economy
401:
393:
392:
378:World communism
353:Labour movement
337:
311:Communist state
301:Communist party
276:Anti-capitalism
271:
234:
223:
222:
221:
216:
205:
199:
196:
153:
151:
141:
129:
114:
103:
97:
94:
83:
68:
64:
27:
23:
12:
11:
5:
5111:
5101:
5100:
5095:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5064:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5009:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4979:
4977:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4719:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4705:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4682:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4664:
4657:
4656:
4649:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4507:
4506:
4505:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4458:
4453:
4452:
4451:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4420:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4384:Folk religions
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4332:
4321:
4319:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4259:hybrid variant
4247:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4224:
4218:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4202:Rail transport
4199:
4193:
4191:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4103:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4062:Power stations
4059:
4054:
4044:
4036:
4033:("Renovation")
4026:
4021:
4015:
4009:
4003:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3975:
3973:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3925:
3923:
3916:
3915:
3910:
3904:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3827:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3803:Prime Minister
3800:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3791:Vice President
3782:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3715:
3714:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3590:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3566:District-level
3563:
3558:
3556:Municipalities
3553:
3547:
3545:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3499:National parks
3491:
3486:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3477:Climate change
3469:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3352:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3332:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3309:
3302:
3301:
3266:
3239:(2): 135–138.
3223:
3186:
3168:
3154:
3147:
3120:
3109:
3073:(4): 395–426.
3019:
3006:
2999:
2979:
2960:(8): 113–126.
2944:
2938:978-0817964313
2937:
2919:
2884:(2): 293–328.
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2834:
2831:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2706:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2618:
2617:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2482:Prime Minister
2478:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2404:
2403:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2386:Phan Văn Giang
2382:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2314:
2302:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2254:Trần Lưu Quang
2244:
2243:
2242:
2228:Prime Minister
2224:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2201:Vice President
2198:
2197:
2196:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2150:Trần Thanh Mẫn
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2078:Phan Văn Giang
2070:
2069:
2068:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2020:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1926:
1918:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1895:
1890:
1884:Organizations
1882:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1808:anytime soon.
1703:in Indonesia,
1614:necessities.
1566:
1563:
1492:Main article:
1489:
1486:
1445:
1442:
1392:Southeast Asia
1371:
1368:
1356:Nguyễn Ái Quốc
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1297:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1112:Anti-communism
1108:
1106:Criticism
1105:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1000:
995:
990:
984:
981:
980:
977:
976:
973:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
606:
601:
600:
597:
596:
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:
540:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
513:
508:
507:
504:
503:
500:
499:
498:
497:
487:
482:
481:
480:
470:
469:
468:
463:
453:
447:
442:
441:
438:
437:
434:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
402:
399:
398:
395:
394:
391:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
281:Class conflict
278:
272:
269:
268:
265:
264:
256:
255:
249:
248:
236:
235:
218:
217:
132:
130:
123:
116:
115:
71:
69:
62:
57:
31:
30:
28:
21:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5110:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5063:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5014:
5010:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4998:South Ossetia
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4970:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4703:
4698:
4696:
4691:
4689:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4650:
4647:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4594:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4552:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4535:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4364:Ethnic groups
4362:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4318:
4314:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4263:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4238:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4197:Air transport
4195:
4194:
4192:
4190:
4186:
4180:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4158:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4084:Manufacturing
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4074:Foreign trade
4072:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4057:Nuclear power
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4004:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3871:Chief Justice
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3636:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3626:South Central
3624:
3622:
3621:North Central
3619:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3571:Commune-level
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3440:
3439:South Vietnam
3437:
3435:
3434:North Vietnam
3432:
3431:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3330:
3325:
3323:
3318:
3316:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3270:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3227:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3179:
3172:
3164:
3158:
3150:
3148:9780199874231
3144:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3129:Lewy, Guenter
3124:
3117:
3112:
3110:9781139489010
3106:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3060:
3054:
3047:
3045:
3033:
3029:
3023:
3016:
3010:
3002:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2948:
2940:
2934:
2930:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2859:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2830:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2768:head of state
2765:
2761:
2756:
2752:
2740:
2735:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2694:
2683:
2682:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2602:
2601:Bùi Thanh Sơn
2598:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2586:
2581:
2580:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2450:Police forces
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2339:
2338:Bùi Quang Huy
2336:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2300:
2295:
2294:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2171:
2170:
2162:
2161:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2085:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1825:
1822:
1821:Western World
1818:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1797:Shock therapy
1793:
1789:
1785:
1784:Hoàng Cơ Minh
1781:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1747:, 6 July 2015
1746:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1699:in Malaysia,
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1555:Battle of Huế
1552:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1527:Tet Offensive
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1444:North Vietnam
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1416:, arrived in
1415:
1410:
1408:
1407:Nguyễn Văn Cừ
1404:
1403:Lê Hồng Phong
1400:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1376:Joseph Stalin
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1273:
1263:
1262:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1249:War communism
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
985:
979:
978:
971:
968:
966:
965:Moufawad-Paul
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
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5013:Dependencies
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4943:Turkmenistan
4908:Saudi Arabia
4606:Martial arts
4563:
4429:Architecture
4399:Christianity
4317:Demographics
4275:Prostitution
4233:Universities
4179:Water supply
4029:
3939:Border Guard
3934:Ground Force
3922:Armed forces
3700:Human rights
3685:Constitution
3648:Mekong Delta
3282:(2): 58–65.
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2818:local courts
2791:
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2674:Human rights
2433:Border Guard
2413:Ground Force
2311:Đỗ Văn Chiến
2268:Lê Minh Khái
2261:Trần Hồng Hà
1915:Constitution
1897:
1810:
1761:
1750:
1745:Barack Obama
1722:West Germany
1674:
1666:black market
1661:
1647:
1619:Soviet Union
1616:
1607:cooperatives
1568:
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1508:
1481:
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1424:, short for
1420:to form the
1411:
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1388:Soviet Union
1373:
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1319:
1318:
1202:LGBTQ rights
1160:Anti-fascism
1049:
1040:Soviet Union
411:Gift economy
368:Wage slavery
224:
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173:
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154:
142:Please help
137:verification
134:
104:
98:January 2018
95:
73:
49:
42:
36:
35:Please help
32:
15:
5072:Asia portal
4973:States with
4893:Philippines
4833:South Korea
4828:North Korea
4723:Afghanistan
4569:Nationalism
4520:News Agency
4471:Ingredients
4162:Expressways
4150:Visa policy
4116:Measurement
4069:Foreign aid
4019:Agriculture
3956:Coast Guard
3824:Legislative
3419:Monarchical
3404:Prehistoric
2801:legislature
2641:Foreign aid
2633:Visa policy
2570:Lê Minh Trí
2428:Coast Guard
2124:Legislative
2104:Trần Cẩm Tú
2040:Lương Cường
2023:Secretariat
1739:arrives at
1689:Philippines
1658:Ho Chi Minh
1494:Vietnam War
1488:Vietnam War
1466:land reform
1450:Ho Chi Minh
1414:Hồ Chí Minh
1348:Tạ Thu Thâu
1244:Trade union
1030:Philippines
473:Pre-Marxist
466:Libertarian
5087:Categories
4953:Uzbekistan
4928:Tajikistan
4843:Kyrgyzstan
4823:Kazakhstan
4743:Bangladesh
4733:Azerbaijan
4579:Trotskyism
4554:Philosophy
4530:Newspapers
4515:Television
4510:Mass media
4498:Literature
4290:Corruption
4138:Censorship
4121:Inventions
4094:Automotive
4041:(currency)
3798:Government
3680:Censorship
3484:Ecoregions
3180:. Durham.
3116:elsewhere.
3038:2016-07-15
2855:References
2798:unicameral
2615:in Vietnam
2535:Director:
2470:Chairman:
2309:Chairman:
2276:Ministries
2175:Presidency
1724:, and the
1720:, France,
1611:Government
1478:much lower
1438:Kuomintang
1344:Trotskyist
845:Berlinguer
735:Khrushchev
200:March 2011
170:newspapers
75:neutrality
38:improve it
5039:Hong Kong
4993:Palestine
4918:Sri Lanka
4913:Singapore
4793:Indonesia
4574:Socialism
4564:Communism
4559:Anarchism
4488:Festivals
4449:Animation
4352:Phonology
4228:Education
4189:Transport
4157:Transport
4089:Standards
3951:Air Force
3858:Judiciary
3848:Elections
3815:Ministers
3786:President
3779:Executive
3755:Politburo
3643:Southeast
3609:Northwest
3604:Northeast
3551:Provinces
3543:Divisions
3455:Geography
3361:Dynasties
3296:1467-8411
3261:153398717
3253:0577-5132
3233:Challenge
3204:cite book
3196:982394511
3087:153956945
2914:161998265
2898:0021-9118
2664:Elections
2528:President
2503:Judiciary
2472:President
2396:President
2376:Secretary
2222:Executive
2182:President
2061:Secretary
2011:Politburo
1864:Concepts
1767:Phạm Tuân
1764:cosmonaut
1762:In 1980,
1759:ideals.
1718:Australia
1685:Indonesia
1662:Phản Động
1654:religions
1631:Kampuchea
1503:Viet Cong
1470:suggested
1448:In 1945,
1360:Hong Kong
1321:Communism
1224:Red Scare
982:By region
960:Hatherley
790:Althusser
725:Togliatti
675:Kollontai
670:Luxemburg
655:Pannekoek
650:Malatesta
645:Kropotkin
495:Christian
490:Religious
485:Primitive
451:Anarchist
431:Use value
400:Economics
253:Communism
86:talk page
44:talk page
5062:Category
4983:Abkhazia
4933:Thailand
4888:Pakistan
4868:Mongolia
4863:Maldives
4858:Malaysia
4758:Cambodia
4662:Category
4456:Clothing
4389:Buddhism
4379:Religion
4347:Alphabet
4342:Language
4270:Gambling
4250:COVID-19
4245:HIV/AIDS
4172:Airports
4167:Railways
4133:Internet
3984:Security
3900:Military
3843:Chairman
3668:Politics
3638:Southern
3594:Northern
3521:Molluscs
3506:Wildlife
3429:Republic
3396:Timeline
3376:Monarchs
3371:Military
3366:Economic
3356:Capitals
3340:articles
3131:(1980).
3053:cite web
3044:Vu Tuong
2833:See also
2816:and the
2753:. A new
2658:See also
2623:Passport
2597:Minister
2477:(acting)
2402:(acting)
2365:Military
2145:Chairman
2099:Chairman
1899:Nhân Dân
1859:Ideology
1775:Salyut 6
1771:Soyuz 37
1681:Malaysia
1677:Cambodia
1399:Trần Phú
1195:New Left
1190:Old Left
1080:Red star
993:Colombia
910:Gordillo
885:Holloway
830:Guattari
800:Pasolini
785:Hobsbawm
770:Beauvoir
730:Benjamin
705:Bukharin
695:Thälmann
461:Leninist
444:Variants
270:Concepts
245:a series
243:Part of
79:disputed
4958:Vietnam
4873:Myanmar
4853:Lebanon
4783:Georgia
4738:Bahrain
4728:Armenia
4646:Outline
4618:Theater
4613:Symbols
4461:Cuisine
4416:Culture
4330:Eunuchs
4216:Society
4145:Tourism
4101:Poverty
4030:Doi Moi
4024:Banking
4007:Economy
3971:Militia
3616:Central
3586:Regions
3511:Mammals
3472:Climate
3467:Borders
3409:Ancient
3348:History
3336:Vietnam
2974:3024603
2906:2055845
2796:is the
2785:is the
2774:of the
2054:2020–25
1922:History
1817:COMECON
1709:Songkla
1637:by the
1623:COMECON
1587:Lê Duẩn
1460:in the
1370:History
1336:Marxism
1325:Vietnam
1217:Romania
1063:Symbols
1050:Vietnam
1045:Sumatra
988:Britain
955:Prashad
935:Graeber
915:Gilmore
900:Sankara
890:Hampton
825:Guevara
775:Nkrumah
755:Padmore
715:Gramsci
685:Trotsky
660:Du Bois
620:Meslier
510:History
478:Utopian
456:Marxism
316:Commune
184:scholar
5003:Taiwan
4938:Turkey
4903:Russia
4838:Kuwait
4818:Jordan
4808:Israel
4768:Cyprus
4753:Brunei
4748:Bhutan
4667:Portal
4596:Sports
4503:Poetry
4483:Emblem
4466:Dishes
4444:Cinema
4439:Awards
4424:Anthem
4394:Taoism
4374:Racism
4325:People
4240:Health
4047:Energy
3979:Police
3561:Cities
3338:
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3259:
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1380:France
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1008:Kerala
998:France
950:Fisher
945:Kelley
940:Lordon
920:Marcos
905:Öcalan
870:Newton
860:Badiou
855:Guzmán
835:Debord
820:Berger
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795:Freire
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700:Makhno
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680:Stalin
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635:Engels
625:Babeuf
610:Mazdak
603:People
186:
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5044:Macau
4963:Yemen
4923:Syria
4898:Qatar
4878:Nepal
4813:Japan
4788:India
4778:Egypt
4763:China
4653:Index
4542:V-pop
4537:Music
4525:Voice
4478:Dance
4404:Islam
4307:Women
4265:Crime
4254:Delta
4039:Đồng
3516:Birds
3386:Naval
3381:Names
3257:S2CID
3083:S2CID
2970:JSTOR
2910:S2CID
2902:JSTOR
1599:Party
1575:Hanoi
1434:China
1020:Nepal
1015:Korea
1003:India
970:Saito
925:Hardt
895:Zizek
880:Davis
865:Sison
850:Negri
810:Fanon
765:Hoxha
750:James
665:Lenin
191:JSTOR
177:books
4883:Oman
4848:Laos
4803:Iraq
4798:Iran
4493:Flag
4369:Name
4302:Time
4257:cron
4252:and
3969:and
3946:Navy
3929:Army
3705:LGBT
3292:ISSN
3249:ISSN
3218:link
3214:link
3210:link
3192:OCLC
3182:ISBN
3143:ISBN
3105:ISBN
3091:cf.
3063:cf.
3059:link
2995:ISBN
2933:ISBN
2894:ISSN
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2232:list
2186:list
2134:14th
2092:13th
2028:13th
2016:13th
1992:13th
1980:13th
1950:2013
1945:1992
1940:1980
1935:1959
1930:1946
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630:Marx
615:More
585:WFSW
580:WIDF
570:WFDY
565:WFTU
163:news
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3284:doi
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