29:
1047:
1212:
844:
2169:
793:" was elected. The legality of this parliament and its decisions is questioned–Soviets considered that the constitution was nullified by Ulmanis' coup d'état, so the People's Saeima never formally annulled it. However, Latvian lawyers and historians observe that the constitution was still in effect, since Ulmanis' declaration only assigned the functions of the Saeima to the cabinet and did not cancel any part of the constitution, and that the People's Saeima was elected in accordance with the constitution of
203:
1144:, the parliament of Latvia, consists of 100 members, designated by the constitution as representatives of the people. It is elected in general, equal and direct elections for a term of four years, by secret ballot based on proportional representation of voters in each electoral district. The Constitution describes in general how the Saeima should work, noting that the Saeima should also establish rules of order to regulate its internal operations and order.
1235:, the requirement for a referendum to change articles 4 and 77 was made, and article 82 was fully changed; it now defines types of courts in Latvia. In 2002, requirement for members of Saeima to give a solemn promise to acquire their mandate was added. Official status for the Latvian language was further secured by making it the working language of state and municipal structures. In 2003, several amendments were made in order for Latvia to join the
174:
507:
758:. The first regulated the state's institutions; the second, citizens' rights and obligations. The committee presented its work on 20 September 1921. The first part of the bill was passed on 15 February 1922, while the second part on 5 April 1922 received 62 "Yes" votes, 6 "No" votes and 62 abstentions, which were counted as "No", and therefore was not adopted, mostly because
1165:, and rules that, in the event of war or a state of emergency, military courts can also be established. Judges are to be appointed by the Saeima and this decision is irreversible, the Saeima can forcibly remove a judge from office only upon a decision of the Judicial Disciplinary Board or a judgment of the Court in a criminal case.
1349:"Latvijas Republikas Satversme = Latvejis Republikys Satversme = Leţmō Republik Pūojpandõks = Constitution de la République de Lettonie = The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia = Verfassung der Republik Lettland = Läti Vabariigi põhiseadus = Latvijos Respublikos Konstitucija = Konstitucija Latvijskoj Respubliki | WorldCat.org"
1239:. In 2004, amendments to certain rights of the president and citizens were made. In 2006, an amendment that defined that marriage as the union of one man and one woman was added. In 2007, article 40 was amended and article 81 was abolished. In 2009, possibility for electorate to dissolve the Parliament was introduced.
1304:
emphasising that Latvia is actively participating in international affairs; protecting its interests; and contributing to the human, sustainable, democratic, and responsible development of Europe and the world at large, in line with the national anthem 'God Bless Latvia!', which expresses the idea of
1222:
Provisions for amendments are stated in articles 76-79 of the constitution. Amendments to most articles can be made by the Saeima. Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 77 are exceptions, as article 77 requires a referendum to amend these articles. During the interwar period amendments were rare–only one amendment
1190:
as an independent collegial institution and describes the process of appointing
Auditors General - the procedure is essentially the same as when appointing judges, with the exception that Auditor General has a fixed term of office. The State Audit Office controls how the state financial resources are
1152:
Executive power is vested in the
President and the Cabinet of ministers. The President however is not politically responsible for carrying out his duties and all his orders have to be signed by the Prime Minister or by the appropriate Minister who thereby becomes responsible for this order. There are
1037:
as a derivation of the Weimar
Constitution, especially to the draft Part II of the Satversme. Comparing the Weimar Constitution and the Latvian Constitution adopted in 1922, it can be noticed that the Constitution does not contain fundamental human rights. At the same time, the failure to accept Part
883:
regards as "the most liberal and democratic document of its kind the twentieth century had ever seen ... full of ingenious and admirable devices which seemed to guarantee the working of an almost flawless democracy.". In Latvia some early law experts such as Kārlis Dišlers, Fēlikss Cielēns and modern
1230:
was lowered from 21 to 18. In 1996, the
Constitutional Court was established. In 1997, major changes to the articles regulating the process of elections and the functions of Saeima, the President (including prolonging their terms of office from 3 to 4 years) and the Cabinet were made. In 1998, aside
1182:
The State Audit Office of the
Republic of Latvia is an independent collegial supreme audit institution, a key element in the State's financial control system serving public interest by providing independent assurance on the effective and useful utilization of central and local government resources.
1323:
states that idea Levits has proposed is to describe all basic values of the
Republic of Latvia in order to put a stop to misuse of popular will. A referendum to approve or disapprove the initiative to add an inviolable preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Latvia is not necessary, stated
1173:
Under the constitution, the right to legislate has been granted to the Saeima. Draft laws may be submitted to the Saeima by the
President, the Cabinet or committees of the Saeima, by more than five MPs or by one-tenth of the electorate if provisions to do so, set out in the Constitution, are met.
1267:
having regard for the fact that, as a result of the consolidation of nation and the formation of national consciousness on 18 November 1918, the
Republic of Latvia that has been proclaimed on the lands historically belonging to Latvians has been established upon the immutable will of the Latvian
1282:
recognizing that the traditions of
Latvian democracy are the citizens' direct participation in the conduct of public affairs and the parliamentary republic, and providing that the Latvian state in its activities especially respects principles of democracy and the rule of law and principles of a
1314:
There was a considerable amount of discussion in Latvia about the initiative for a
Preamble and its contents. For example, some organizations stated that text aims to anchor in the State Constitution an "Ethnic Latvian Nation" as the primary principle of sovereignty, in contrast to the current
1286:
recognizing the inviolability of the independence of the Latvian state, its territory, its territorial integrity, the sovereignty of the people, the Latvian language as the only state language, the democratic set-up of the state, and that it is the responsibility of everyone to protect these
1789:
Originally, article 82 stated that all citizens of Latvia are equal before the law and the courts. Article 91 now makes a similar statement but, unlike the original article 82, it refers to all human beings in Latvia and states that human rights should be enforced with no
1300:
and Christian values significantly shaped our identity; that the values of the society are freedom, honesty, justice, and solidarity; that family is the basic unit of the society; and that work is a foundation for growth and prosperity of everyone and the nation as a
1099:
Articles 1, 2, 3 and 6, which establish the legal basis of the state's political system, were the first to be adopted after the restoration of independence. These articles, along with articles 4 and 77, can only be amended if submitted to a national referendum:
1278:
in awareness that the Latvian state's basic task is to promote the spiritual, social, cultural, and material welfare, ensuring legal order, safety, environmental protection, and conservation of nature and reconciling economic development with human values and
615:
Although the initial text consisted of two parts, the second part - which regulated citizens' rights, freedoms and obligations - failed to pass by just a few votes; the chapter on fundamental human rights was added only by a constitutional amendment in 1998.
1271:
bearing in mind that the people won their state during the Latvian War of Liberation, that it did not recognize the occupation authorities, and that it resisted them, and on the basis of state continuity, restoring state independence, it regained its
981:
had close ties with Germany, which made it easier to access and exchange information of ideas with the new Weimar Republic. This is sometimes evidenced by the very similar arguments of the Social Democrats in the process of drafting the constitution:
1290:
pointing out that all have a duty to take care of themselves, their kinsmen, and the common good of society and to behave responsibly toward their fellow human beings, society, the state, the environment, nature, and future
1153:
two exceptions to this rule - the President can single-handedly decide to dissolve the Saeima and when a new government is formed it is up to him to choose a new Prime Minister. The cabinet is formed by the Prime Minister.
1263:
In order to ensure the existence of the Latvian nation through the centuries, preservation and development of the Latvian language and culture, prosperity of every human being and people as a whole, the Latvian
1130:
If the Saeima has amended the first, second, third, fourth, sixth or seventy-seventh Article of the Constitution, such amendments, in order to come into force as law, shall be submitted to a national referendum.
822:
and adopted articles 1, 2, 3 and 6 of the constitution of 1922. The rest of the constitution remained in abeyance until it was reviewed to fit the modern situation, thus the constitution was fully reinforced by
1609:
588:
constitution still in force and the sixth oldest still-functioning republican basic law in the world. It was adopted, as it states itself in the text, by the people of Latvia, as represented in the
819:
1854:
1038:
II of the Satversme is not a deliberate abandonment of the model of the Weimar Constitution, but the reason for not accepting it is a political dispute over the content of individual rights.
1010:
system of constitutional control at the time. The German republic system chosen as the Weimar Constitution corresponded to the ideas of national and statehood ideas of Latvia as well. The
835:, as their pre-war constitutions had been written and amended during their authoritarian regimes, while Ulmanis regime had not changed anything in the democratic Satversme of 1922.
1305:
a free nation-state in its freely elected Constitutional Assembly, have strengthened the Latvian national constitutional order and adopted the following Satversme of the state.
28:
689:. Kronvalds and like-minded individuals created and introduced many new words and terms intended to be used over Germanic loanwords to modernize Latvian. He derived the term
2153:
646:
1223:
was made and one major amendment was almost passed, but was never adopted due to the coup. Since the renewal of independence, however, eight amendments have been made.
1026:
in the Constitutional Assembly in Latvia and as a widely known language at that place and time, contributed to the choice of the Weimar Constitution as a system for the
1808:
888:
agree that Weimar Constitution was underlying the wording of the Constitution of Latvia (Satversme), and in some way is a synthesis between the Weimar Constitution and
653:. Only articles 1, 2, 3 and 6 of Satversme were reintroduced at that time by the declaration; the constitution was fully reintroduced only by the first assembly of the
1829:
1601:
649:, declaring the 1940 Soviet annexation of Latvia illegal (as it was done by ignoring Satversme), and therefore the Satversme and Republic of Latvia still existed
827:
on 6 July 1993 in accordance to 14 article of law "On organisation of job of Supreme Council of Republic of Latvia" In 1992 neighboring Estonia voted on a new
1438:
1455:
1018:, allowed to take over the norms of the Weimar Constitution not only formally, but also to envisage their settlement in the general population and society.
1199:
Although the constitutional bill included a chapter that was to regulate citizens' rights and obligations this was not originally adopted. The chapter on
966:
Within the process of drafting the constitution, a special commission was established, in Germany - "Constitutional Commission of the National Assembly" (
1268:
nation and its inextinguishable right to self-determination in order freely to self-determine and as a nation‑state to build the future in its own state;
746:), which consisted of 150 members (later 152) elected in April 1920 in general elections. The initial text was elaborated by a Constitutional committee (
1506:
2590:
1880:"Jarinovska, Kristine. "Popular Initiatives as Means of Altering the Core of the Republic of Latvia", Juridica International. Vol. 20, 2013. p. 152"
1116:
The territory of the State of Latvia, within the borders established by international agreements, consists of Vidzeme, Latgale, Kurzeme and Zemgale.
1547:
950:
490:
1275:
expressing gratitude to the state's founders, honouring its freedom-fighters, and commemorating the victims of retaliations by invaders' forces;
630:, Satversme was suspended and government assumed the law-giving functions of the Saeima. This situation continued until June 17, 1940, when the
1162:
1033:
According to the transcripts of the meetings of the Constitutional Assembly, the deputies of the Constitutional Assembly sometimes referred to
983:
2702:
1658:
1259:
on 2013 described all basic values of the Republic of Latvia and Latvians. Levits draft of preamble to the Satversme stated the following:
1187:
936:
The creation of governmental institution which members are elected by the people whose aim is to draft a constitution. In Germany it was -
824:
654:
547:
1120:
4. The Latvian language is the official language in The Republic of Latvia. The national flag of Latvia shall be red with a band of white.
1091:
Thus the constitution establishes five government bodies - the Saeima, the President, the Cabinet, the Courts and the State Audit Office.
762:
parties were against it. On 20 June 1922 a law was passed that set the new constitution to come into force at 12 a.m. on 7 November 1922.
1504:
Resolution of Five senators of Senate of Latvia on validity of Constitution of Latvia and authority of Saeima in conditions of occupation
978:
808:. It was adopted a month after, on 25 August 1940. On 18 April 1978 the government of the LSSR adopted a new constitution modeled on the
391:
386:
381:
1749:
1046:
816:
642:
1800:
1211:
719:"-e", creating a word that in its meaning is similar to "holder", to illustrate how a constitution holds together all other laws.
2020:
2652:
2121:
1248:
986:(USPD) warned that the President should not be given unlimited powers, as the President was perceived as a kind of "substitute
470:
1125:
The Saeima shall be elected in general, equal and direct elections, and by secret ballot based on proportional representation.
520:
2864:
2583:
1708:
1668:
1641:
2116:
2091:
880:
678:
1569:
2987:
2294:
2111:
1833:
1398:
1062:
The Constitution of Latvia is a codified constitution and currently consists of 116 articles arranged in eight chapters:
912:
797:, not in accordance with that of Latvia, and thus it had no legal rights to legislate, and by declaring accession to the
631:
411:
339:
334:
329:
299:
1912:
2859:
2672:
2235:
2136:
463:
366:
361:
356:
1765:
Articles 4. and 77. were not originally included, an amendment to this article adding them was made on 15 October 1998
2992:
2925:
2697:
2260:
2204:
2148:
1952:
1486:
941:
739:
635:
589:
152:
2576:
2426:
540:
3002:
2940:
2892:
2784:
2779:
2131:
1983:
1939:
1452:
2966:
977:
were widely represented in both the National Assembly in Weimar and the Constitutional Assembly in Latvia. The
727:
127:
1014:, including legal, in the Latvian territory, with its significant influence on the legal consciousness of the
804:
After declaring accession to the USSR, the People's Saeima drafted a Constitution of LSSR on the basis of the
766:
620:
177:
2897:
2744:
2385:
2319:
1231:
from adding chapter eight (fundamental human rights) to the constitution, official status was secured to the
916:
2902:
2436:
2375:
1855:"Latvia is Following the Undemocratic Footsteps of Hungary With its Proposed Preamble to the Constitution,
1503:
1325:
990:". In Latvia, the Latvian Social Democrats defended the principle that the president ideologically is the
947:
Latvia, similarly to the Weimar Republic, adopted a temporary constitutional laws, in the Weimar Republic
2997:
2250:
2106:
2013:
928:
The Law of the Council of People's Deputies of 29 November 1918 on the elections of the National Assembly
911:
and the Republic of Latvia, which began with the establishment of a pre-parliament, which in Germany was
533:
483:
424:
2844:
2814:
2774:
2754:
2734:
2637:
2469:
2399:
2194:
755:
597:
585:
434:
1544:
2930:
2749:
2446:
2284:
2279:
1693:
1422:
1252:
832:
592:, on 15 February 1922 and came into force on 7 November 1922. It was heavily influenced by Germany's
449:
2158:
2950:
2935:
2882:
2829:
2824:
2799:
2657:
2304:
2209:
2199:
937:
872:
809:
805:
624:
250:
139:
2920:
2854:
2804:
2764:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2662:
2647:
2642:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2189:
2126:
828:
123:
1384:
1315:
multi-ethnic country which is composed of the "people of Latvia". Others opposed mentioning of "
2945:
2887:
2849:
2839:
2819:
2809:
2794:
2789:
2769:
2707:
2692:
2667:
2479:
2411:
2267:
2086:
2006:
790:
2834:
2759:
2729:
2345:
2272:
1631:
932:
The Law of the People's Council of 19 August 1919 on Elections of the Constitutional Assembly
287:
228:
1746:
1377:
Jarinovska, K. "Popular Initiatives as Means of Altering the Core of the Republic of Latvia"
1319:" and "Latvian life-wisdom" as outdated and not fitting for the 21st century. Legal scholar
1161:
The Constitution establishes district (city) courts, regional courts, the Supreme Court and
2524:
2255:
2081:
860:
782:
723:
681:
in the 19th century. The movement was trying to promote Latvian culture after centuries of
609:
429:
243:
111:
106:
84:
1283:
national and social state, recognize and protect human rights, including minority rights;
8:
2421:
2380:
2365:
2299:
2245:
2177:
2061:
1916:
1879:
1376:
1320:
868:
856:
751:
673:), while in everyday conversations "konstitūcija" is often used. The word was created by
605:
593:
312:
223:
94:
843:
292:
2499:
2451:
2360:
2289:
2223:
2071:
1944:
1830:"Kā tikt pie kvalitatīvas un leģitīmas Satversmes preambulas?, politika.lv, 31.10.2013"
1328:
1051:
889:
713:
193:
81:
2543:
2509:
2461:
2370:
2333:
2141:
2038:
1887:
1743:
1704:
1674:
1664:
1637:
1482:
1380:
1055:
876:
774:
573:
1439:Šodien priekš 90 gadiem — Satversmes sapulce balso par Satversmes 2.daļas pieņemšanu
770:
627:
265:
2474:
2441:
2416:
2355:
2101:
1913:"Justice Minister: approval of preamble to Constitution will not need a referendum"
1316:
1232:
1023:
974:
686:
565:
638:
into the USSR on August 5. A new, Soviet-style constitution was then introduced.
612:, Courts, State Auditor); it consists of 116 articles arranged in eight chapters.
2552:
2519:
2514:
2504:
2484:
2431:
2076:
1956:
1753:
1573:
1551:
1510:
1459:
1426:
1402:
1019:
908:
255:
2489:
2350:
1566:
1296:
1236:
1011:
893:
682:
674:
439:
66:
1940:
The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia - Official translation at Likumi.lv
1678:
1395:
1348:
789:
was established by occupying Soviet Union forces and a parliament called the "
2981:
2557:
2066:
2056:
2051:
1961:
1891:
1111:
The sovereign power of the State of Latvia is vested in the people of Latvia.
1007:
511:
864:
2599:
2494:
1694:"About The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia: History and Modern Days"
1256:
1200:
923:
798:
794:
444:
2568:
1949:
1777:
785:
until a new constitution was to be drafted, which never happened. In 1940
2096:
991:
970:), in Latvia - "Constitutional Commission of the Constitutional Assembly"
904:
852:
786:
202:
1588:
1973:
1227:
778:
716:
181:
76:
1174:
Laws are to be adopted by the Saeima and proclaimed by the President.
1945:
The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia - The Parliament of Latvia
1589:
Law "On organisation of job of Supreme Council of Republic of Latvia"
419:
118:
1744:
Constitution of the Republic of Latvia with amendments and revisions
1660:
The centenary of Latvias's foreign affairs: Ideas and personalities
1453:
The Constitutional Assembly: The first elected parliament of Latvia
1015:
722:
Other examples of the use of the word include the Satversme of the
87:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1978:
1528:
Editorial board of chief editorial office of encyclopedias (1987)
963:
in order to regulate relations in the state prior the constitution
995:
847:
Inauguration of the Constitutional Assembly of Latvia, 1 May 1920
759:
650:
1657:
Potjomkina, Diāna; Sprūds, Andris; Ščerbinskis, Valters (2016).
1215:
Combined edition of the Satversme and the Rules of Order of the
750:) and consisted of two parts. It was influenced by ideas of the
2603:
2309:
2168:
2029:
1216:
1141:
987:
899:
Some similarities between Weimar Constitution and Latvian are:
885:
709:
698:
601:
581:
280:
99:
51:
867:
is often attributed as the author of the draft version of the
600:. The constitution establishes the main bodies of government (
2046:
33:
Constitution of Latvia published in the government newspaper
1251:
was adopted by Saeima. Preamble text initially presented by
647:
On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia
1656:
1633:
Rise And Fall Of The Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany
1535:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1419:
1521:
1519:
1962:
The Constitution of Latvia by Dr. Iur. Ringolds Balodis
1365:
1203:
was added as part of constitutional amendment in 1998.
773:
took place; the subsequent cabinet of Ulmanis passed a
1602:"The Weimar Constitution and its "Father" Hugo Preuss"
634:, destroyed the existing regime, and incorporated the
1516:
1087:
Chapter 8: Fundamental human rights (articles 89-116)
1050:
Satversme 90th anniversary edition with editions in
1579:
1084:Chapter 7: The State Audit Office (articles 87-88)
1006:, the Weimar Constitution was the most modern and
1801:"Saeima expands the Constitution with a preamble"
1379:, Juridica International. Vol. 20, 2013. p. 152
2979:
801:, it broke the first article of the Satversme.
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1496:
1494:
855:nations which adopted some ideas from the 1919
1470:
1468:
984:Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
669:is officially used instead of 'constitution' (
2584:
2014:
1106:Latvia is an independent democratic republic.
820:declared restoration of Latvia's independence
541:
1717:
1691:
1491:
1188:State Audit Office of the Republic of Latvia
1066:Chapter 1: General Provisions (articles 1-4)
2598:
2149:Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic 1944–1991
1465:
1194:
951:Das Gesetz über die vorläufige Staatsgewalt
2591:
2577:
2021:
2007:
1701:The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia
1557:
1443:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1309:
940:convened on February 6, 1919. In Latvia -
548:
534:
27:
1545:Declaration of independence of 4 May 1990
1072:Chapter 3: The President (articles 35-54)
1967:
1567:First sitting of 5th Saeima (transcript)
1294:being aware that Latvian ethno-cultural
1210:
1045:
842:
1532:Chief editorial office of encyclopedias
1408:
1078:Chapter 5: Legislation (articles 64-81)
1075:Chapter 4: The Cabinet (articles 55-63)
2980:
1692:Apsītis, Romāns; Pleps, Janis (2012).
1629:
1249:Preamble of the Constitution of Latvia
2572:
2112:Occupation by the Soviet Union (1940)
2002:
1177:
2092:The First Latvian National Awakening
881:The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
738:The Constitution was drafted by the
679:the First Latvian National Awakening
2028:
1910:
1147:
697:("to grip"), combining it with the
685:influence and encourage use of the
13:
1636:. Simon and Schuster. p. 56.
1479:Jaunāko laiku vēsture 20. gadsimts
1081:Chapter 6: Courts (articles 82-86)
957:Declaration on the State of Latvia
14:
3014:
1933:
1186:The Constitution establishes the
1094:
1069:Chapter 2: Saeima (articles 5-34)
851:Latvia was one of the early post
740:Constitutional Assembly of Latvia
590:Constitutional Assembly of Latvia
153:Constitutional Assembly of Latvia
2167:
961:Provisions of the Latvian State,
949:Law on Provisional State Power (
913:Council of the People's Deputies
580:) is the fundamental law of the
505:
201:
172:
2132:Soviet deportations from Latvia
1984:Saeima (the Latvian Parliament)
1904:
1872:
1861:(Press release). Prnewswire.com
1847:
1822:
1811:from the original on 2014-07-06
1793:
1783:
1768:
1759:
1756:(Retrieved on 24 December 2006)
1685:
1650:
1623:
1612:from the original on 2015-09-06
1594:
1554:(Retrieved on 24 December 2006)
1513:(Retrieved on 24 December 2006)
1462:(Retrieved on 24 December 2006)
1012:historical influence of Germany
1747:(Official english translation)
1606:The National Library of Israel
1432:
1389:
1341:
1168:
728:Constitution Protection Bureau
1:
1832:. Politika.lv. Archived from
1780:(Retrieved on 3 January 2008)
1591:(Retrieved on 2 January 2007)
1576:(Retrieved on 2 January 2007)
1334:
1206:
701:"sa-", which yields the word
1886:. Juridicainternational.eu.
1778:About the State Audit Office
938:The Weimar National Assembly
660:
632:Soviet Union occupied Latvia
491:Ministers of foreign affairs
7:
1630:Shirer, William L. (1990).
1242:
1041:
1002:During the drafting of the
942:The Constitutional Assembly
777:that gave the functions of
586:Eastern or Central European
10:
3019:
2988:Latvian constitutional law
2122:by the Soviet Union (1944)
1911:BNN (September 27, 2013).
1477:Freibergs J. (1998, 2001)
1326:Justice Minister of Latvia
944:, convened on May 1, 1920.
917:People's Council of Latvia
838:
756:Swiss Federal Constitution
733:
598:Swiss Federal Constitution
584:. Satversme is the oldest
2959:
2911:
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2222:
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1979:Chancery of the President
1429:(retrieved on 2007-05-26)
1405:(retrieved on 2007-05-26)
1253:European Court of Justice
1156:
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833:Constitution of Lithuania
791:People's Saeima of Latvia
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158:
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105:
93:
75:
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16:Fundamental law of Latvia
2993:Constitutions by country
2236:Administrative divisions
1994:The Cabinet of Ministers
1550:5 September 2007 at the
1195:Fundamental human rights
979:Latvian Social Democrats
873:Weimar National Assembly
810:1977 Soviet Constitution
806:1936 Soviet Constitution
767:1934 Latvian coup d'état
677:, one of the leaders of
625:Prime Minister of Latvia
621:1934 Latvian coup d'état
464:Administrative divisions
2261:Government institutions
1530:Politiskā enciklopēdija
1310:Controversy of Preamble
871:that was passed by the
829:Constitution of Estonia
705:(to grasp), adding the
645:passed the declaration
577:
3003:Independence of Latvia
2653:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1884:Juridica International
1703:. Latvijas Vēstnesis.
1219:
1133:
1059:
848:
831:as did Lithuania with
817:Supreme Soviet of LSSR
643:Supreme Soviet of LSSR
569:
562:Constitution of Latvia
178:Constitution of Latvia
22:Constitution of Latvia
2386:2008 financial crisis
1968:Constitutional bodies
1214:
1102:
1049:
968:Verfassungskommission
903:The establishment of
846:
1974:Constitutional Court
1163:Constitutional Court
922:The adoption of the
783:Cabinet of Ministers
724:University of Latvia
610:Cabinet of Ministers
2874:States with limited
2437:Illegal immigration
2320:Statistical regions
2107:War of Independence
2062:Corded Ware culture
1917:Baltic News Network
1353:search.worldcat.org
1321:Kristine Jarinovska
1058:and other languages
1022:, being one of the
865:Hugo Preuß (Preuss)
857:Weimar Constitution
752:Weimar Constitution
748:Satversmes komisija
641:On May 4, 1990 the
594:Weimar Constitution
67:Date effective
2998:Politics of Latvia
2376:Telecommunications
2361:Latvian euro coins
2072:Kingdom of Livonia
1989:State Audit Office
1955:2002-12-03 at the
1859:, October 2, 2013"
1752:2007-07-13 at the
1572:2007-09-27 at the
1509:2007-02-24 at the
1458:2007-01-03 at the
1425:2007-07-05 at the
1420:Politics in Latvia
1401:2007-06-03 at the
1220:
1178:State Audit Office
1060:
905:state institutions
890:Westminster system
875:, which historian
849:
815:On 4 May 1990 the
744:Satversmes sapulce
582:Republic of Latvia
194:Politics of Latvia
35:Valdības Vēstnesis
2975:
2974:
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2295:Political parties
2251:Foreign relations
2218:
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2159:Post independence
2142:Latvian partisans
1950:Latvian Law guide
1710:978-9984-840-20-8
1670:978-9984-583-99-0
1643:978-0-671-72868-7
1024:working languages
877:William L. Shirer
558:
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512:Latvia portal
484:Foreign relations
412:Political parties
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1317:Christian values
1247:On 19 June 2014
1233:Latvian language
1148:Executive branch
975:Social Democrats
687:Latvian language
550:
543:
536:
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471:Planning regions
293:Edvards Smiltēns
229:Edgars Rinkēvičs
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37:on 30 June 1922.
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2047:Ancient Latvia
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1095:Key principles
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1016:Latvian people
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971:
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934:
930:, in Latvia -
920:
915:, in Latvia -
894:United Kingdom
840:
837:
771:Kārlis Ulmanis
735:
732:
693:from the root
675:Atis Kronvalds
662:
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628:Kārlis Ulmanis
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2600:Constitutions
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2427:Ethnic groups
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2137:Guerrilla war
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2067:Terra Mariana
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2058:
2057:Narva culture
2055:
2053:
2052:Kunda culture
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2010:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1990:
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1982:
1980:
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1971:
1963:
1960:
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1951:
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1937:
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1914:
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1836:on 2014-07-20
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1488:
1487:9984-17-049-7
1484:
1481:Zvaigzne ABC
1480:
1471:
1469:
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1457:
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1332:
1330:
1329:Jānis Bordāns
1327:
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1234:
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2268:Human rights
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217:Constitution
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48:Jurisdiction
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2941:Isle of Man
2876:recognition
2845:Switzerland
2780:Netherlands
2346:Agriculture
2097:New Current
1169:Legislation
1008:progressive
853:World War I
787:Latvian SSR
775:declaration
691:"satversme"
636:Latvian SSR
578:Pūojpandõks
300:Dissolution
159:Signatories
2982:Categories
2815:San Marino
2775:Montenegro
2755:Luxembourg
2735:Kazakhstan
2638:Azerbaijan
2525:Television
2500:Literature
2417:Healthcare
2256:Government
1922:2014-06-22
1897:2014-06-22
1865:2014-06-22
1857:PRNewswire
1840:2014-06-22
1815:2021-03-23
1679:1012747806
1616:2021-03-23
1358:2024-01-31
1335:References
1228:voting age
1207:Amendments
879:in a book
825:5th Saeima
779:parliament
765:On 15 May
655:5th Saeima
619:After the
244:Government
182:Wikisource
140:Amendments
100:Unicameral
2931:Gibraltar
2750:Lithuania
2510:Mythology
2422:Education
2381:Transport
2300:President
2246:Elections
2178:Geography
2127:Holocaust
1892:1406-5509
1805:saeima.lv
1385:1406-5509
1052:Latgalian
1035:Satversme
1028:Satversme
1004:Satversme
667:satversme
661:Etymology
657:in 1993.
570:Satversme
313:Elections
224:President
167:Full text
149:Author(s)
119:Judiciary
107:Executive
2951:Svalbard
2936:Guernsey
2883:Abkhazia
2830:Slovenia
2825:Slovakia
2800:Portugal
2658:Bulgaria
2553:Category
2452:Religion
2442:Language
2290:Military
2224:Politics
1953:Archived
1809:Archived
1750:Archived
1610:Archived
1570:Archived
1548:Archived
1507:Archived
1456:Archived
1423:Archived
1399:Archived
1272:freedom;
1243:Preamble
1056:Livonian
1042:Overview
754:and the
726:and the
714:feminine
712:and the
596:and the
574:Livonian
378:European
262:Cabinet
95:Chambers
88:republic
43:Overview
2855:Ukraine
2805:Romania
2765:Moldova
2723:Ireland
2718:Iceland
2713:Hungary
2703:Germany
2698:Georgia
2688:Finland
2683:Estonia
2678:Denmark
2663:Croatia
2648:Belgium
2643:Belarus
2633:Austria
2628:Armenia
2623:Andorra
2618:Albania
2544:Outline
2515:Pottery
2485:Cuisine
2462:Culture
2400:Society
2371:Tourism
2334:Economy
2190:Climate
2039:History
1287:values;
1264:people;
996:monarch
994:to the
907:of the
886:jurists
863:lawyer
861:Liberal
839:Origins
781:to the
769:led by
760:Latgale
734:History
703:satvert
695:-tvert-
651:de jure
566:Latvian
288:Speaker
134:History
124:Supreme
58:Created
2946:Jersey
2888:Kosovo
2850:Turkey
2840:Sweden
2820:Serbia
2810:Russia
2795:Poland
2790:Norway
2770:Monaco
2740:Latvia
2708:Greece
2693:France
2668:Cyprus
2604:Europe
2558:Portal
2475:Cinema
2470:Anthem
2356:Energy
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2210:Rivers
2030:Latvia
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1020:German
988:kaiser
717:ending
710:suffix
699:prefix
602:Saeima
326:Saeima
281:Saeima
266:Siliņa
77:System
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2921:Åland
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2760:Malta
2730:Italy
2520:Sport
2505:Music
2432:Crime
2200:Lakes
1697:(PDF)
2490:Flag
2273:LGBT
1888:ISSN
1705:ISBN
1675:OCLC
1665:ISBN
1638:ISBN
1483:ISBN
1381:ISSN
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