791:, is the angular velocity or frequency required to maintain a body at a fixed circle of latitude or zonal region. If the Coriolis parameter is large, the effect of the Earth's rotation on the body is significant since it will need a larger angular frequency to stay in equilibrium with the Coriolis forces. Alternatively, if the Coriolis parameter is small, the effect of the Earth's rotation is small since only a small fraction of the centripetal force on the body is canceled by the Coriolis force. Thus the magnitude of
36:
341:
in the Earth's rotating reference frame. In the local reference frame of the body, the vertical direction is parallel to the radial vector pointing from the center of the Earth to the location of the body and the horizontal direction is perpendicular to this vertical direction and in the
891:
376:
436:
766:
624:
221:
559:
398:
505:
696:
476:
319:
176:
716:
914:
841:
809:
789:
667:
647:
537:
456:
339:
275:
811:
strongly affects the relevant dynamics contributing to the body's motion. These considerations are captured in the nondimensionalized
100:
916:
is the in the local direction of increasing meridian. This parameter becomes important, for example, in calculations involving
72:
968:
853:
988:
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53:
349:
403:
17:
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567:
1002:
119:
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994:
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478:
with the local vertical direction. The local horizontal direction of the
Coriolis force is thus
378:), however, is perpendicular to the plane containing both the earth's angular velocity vector
93:
461:
304:
161:
1029:
701:
301:
Consider a body (for example a fixed volume of atmosphere) moving along at a given latitude
939:
27:
Frequency of inertial oscillation at the Earth's surface resulting from the
Coriolis effect
8:
934:
257:(23 h 56 min 4.1 s). In the midlatitudes, the typical value for
899:
826:
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652:
632:
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Atmospheric and oceanic fluid dynamics : fundamentals and large-scale circulation
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843:
along the meridional direction becomes significant. This is called the
508:
343:
282:
35:
156:
234: = 7.2921 × 10 rad/s) can be calculated as 2
438:) and the body's own velocity in the rotating reference frame
649:
is the radius of curvature of the path of object (defined by
963:(Reprint. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
152:
718:
is the magnitude of the spin rate of the Earth, to obtain
886:{\displaystyle \beta ={\frac {\partial f}{\partial y}}}
902:
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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371:{\displaystyle 2\,{\boldsymbol {\Omega \times v}}}
370:
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823:In stability calculations, the rate of change of
458:. Thus, the Coriolis force is always at an angle
431:{\displaystyle |{\boldsymbol {\Omega }}|=\Omega }
1016:
761:{\displaystyle f=\omega =2\Omega \sin \varphi .}
619:{\displaystyle v^{2}/r=2(\Omega \sin \varphi )v}
539:such that the centripetal and Coriolis (due to
346:direction. The Coriolis force (proportional to
519:Suppose the body is moving with a velocity
987:; Charles P. Poole; John L. Safko (1980).
216:{\displaystyle f=2\Omega \sin \varphi .\,}
507:. This force acts to move the body along
356:
212:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
993:(2nd ed.). Addison Wesley. p.
561:) forces on it are balanced. This gives
554:{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\Omega }}}
393:{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\Omega }}}
364:
14:
1017:
958:
281:on the surface of the Earth have this
147:, is equal to twice the rotation rate
500:{\displaystyle \Omega \sin \varphi }
58:adding citations to reliable sources
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511:or in the meridional directions.
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242: radians per second, where
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151:of the Earth multiplied by the
45:needs additional citations for
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1:
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771:Thus the Coriolis parameter,
959:Vallis, Geoffrey K. (2006).
7:
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10:
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691:{\displaystyle v=r\omega }
250:of the Earth which is one
228:rotation rate of the Earth
471:{\displaystyle \varphi }
314:{\displaystyle \varphi }
171:{\displaystyle \varphi }
847:and is usually denoted
711:{\displaystyle \omega }
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279:Inertial oscillations
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1025:Atmospheric dynamics
940:Rossby-gravity waves
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277:is about 10 rad/s.
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145:Coriolis coefficient
69:"Coriolis frequency"
54:improve this article
990:Classical Mechanics
985:Goldstein, Herbert
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141:Coriolis parameter
139:, also called the
134:Coriolis frequency
18:Coriolis parameter
970:978-0-521-84969-2
909:{\displaystyle y}
881:
836:{\displaystyle f}
804:{\displaystyle f}
784:{\displaystyle f}
662:{\displaystyle v}
642:{\displaystyle r}
532:{\displaystyle v}
451:{\displaystyle v}
334:{\displaystyle v}
270:{\displaystyle f}
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16:(Redirected from
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26:
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2:
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1004:0-201-02918-9
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919:
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849:
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830:
816:
814:
813:Rossby number
798:
778:
755:
752:
749:
746:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
721:
720:
719:
705:
685:
682:
679:
676:
669:). Replacing
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613:
607:
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110:February 2013
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1030:Oceanography
989:
979:
960:
954:
918:Rossby waves
895:
822:
770:
628:
518:
321:at velocity
300:
287:oscillations
252:
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225:
148:
144:
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116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
515:Equilibrium
297:Explanation
1019:Categories
946:References
930:Beta plane
509:longitudes
344:meridional
80:newspapers
875:∂
867:∂
858:β
753:φ
750:
744:Ω
735:ω
706:ω
686:ω
608:φ
605:
599:Ω
548:Ω
495:φ
492:
486:Ω
466:φ
426:Ω
414:Ω
387:Ω
362:×
359:Ω
309:φ
285:. These
283:frequency
207:φ
204:
198:Ω
166:φ
924:See also
698:, where
253:sidereal
157:latitude
400:(where
155:of the
94:scholar
1001:
967:
896:where
629:where
248:period
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
101:JSTOR
87:books
999:ISBN
965:ISBN
226:The
153:sine
132:The
73:news
995:178
747:sin
602:sin
489:sin
255:day
201:sin
143:or
56:by
1021::
997:.
920:.
815:.
293:.
178:.
1007:.
973:.
904:y
878:y
870:f
861:=
831:f
799:f
779:f
756:.
741:2
738:=
732:=
729:f
683:r
680:=
677:v
657:v
637:r
614:v
611:)
596:(
593:2
590:=
587:r
583:/
577:2
573:v
527:v
446:v
423:=
419:|
409:|
365:v
354:2
329:v
265:f
244:T
240:T
236:π
232:Ω
230:(
210:.
195:2
192:=
189:f
149:Ω
137:ƒ
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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