24:
907:
is the most widely recognized and internationally ratified. It contains provisions that classify and define both prisoners of war (as well as civilians and the wounded or infirm) and the manner in which they are to be treated. These include but are not limited to: murder, mutilation, hostage taking,
518:
after he claimed to have a weapon. During the arrest he suffocated due to the chokehold of two police officers. They were put on trial and served sentences for manslaughter. After his death, there were several weeks of riots throughout the
784:
and the rate of death by identity (gender, race, age). Based on some findings, African-American males appear to be over-represented as victims of sudden custody deaths. Further research with larger sample sizes is necessary.
716:
has roughly defined custody as the "formal arrest or restraint on freedom of movement," colloquial language may be less restrictive in the use of custody and is thus sometimes difficult to distinguish from the process of
1288:
407:"At least 650 people have been killed by police officers in Jamaica since 1999. Many of these have been blatantly unlawful killings, yet not one officer has been convicted since then." Piers Bannister,
1213:"Iran: Institutional discrimination against women and girls enabled human rights violations and crimes against humanity in the context of recent protests, UN Fact-Finding Mission says | OHCHR"
777:
of 128, and prisons at 264 per 100,000. There are differences in methodology used to obtain these statistics, as some jurisdictions include deaths during attempted arrests, while others do not.
694:
796:
collects and produces reports on police killings as well as maintaining a curated list of links to articles and publications related to death in police custody in the United States.
761:
collects data regarding both the cause of death, as well as medical and criminal records of those that die in police custody (restricted to those in federal prison and local jails).
1060:
136:. In the 21st century, death in custody remains a controversial subject, with the authorities often being accused of abuse, neglect and cover-ups of the causes of these deaths.
773:
estimates that 17,358 individuals in custody died during the period from 2007 to 2010. Other publications focus on the rate per 100,000. US jails report deaths that total a
908:
and outrages upon personal dignity. These ratified documents are the base of US international custody law and can be seen to be misapplied in some of the proceeding cases.
397:
542:
About 40 people have died in police custody over a period of 20 years following 1990. Additionally there's been 45 suicides in custody over a 10-year period from 2008.
155:
The killing of civilians is mentioned under
Article 8(2)(a)(i) of the Rome Statute. And the act of killing civilians would be considered a war crime under ICC Statute.
1610:
841:
1158:
1045:
285:
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844:(a mentally ill inmate held in a California county jail was beaten to death by three guards, who were convicted in June 2017 of his death)
985:
463:
725:
also tracks all deaths related to arrest. This aids in collecting data from the fringes of custody or attempts to arrest an individual.
1055:
1050:
879:
690:
609:
South Africa has an unusually high level of deaths in custody. For example, in April to June 1997, there were 56 deaths in custody.
668:
975:
88:
903:
There are numerous laws and international treaties regarding treatment of foreigners, especially during wartime, of which the
822:; the sheriff claimed self-defense, but Gilbert, a prosperous farmer, was found to have been severely beaten before being shot
1405:
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712:) but also in other federal court cases related to Miranda law and definition of custody. Although
551:
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486:
150:
34:
1489:
Southall, Pamela (2008). "Police custody deaths in
Maryland, USA: An examination of 45 cases".
869:
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CBS/Associated Press (AP), "3 Calif. jail guards found guilty in death of mentally ill inmate"
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1611:"Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. Geneva, 12 August 1949"
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Davidson, Helen; Allam, Lorena; Wahlquist, Calla; Evershed, Nick (30 August 2018).
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1542:"CRRJ Provides First Full Account of Notorious 1947 Georgia Jailhouse Killing"
1159:"'People will continue to die': coroners' 'deaths in custody' reports ignored"
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African-American family structure#Black male incarceration and mortality
721:. In addition to collecting data on those who have died in custody, the
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872:(scalded to death in shower at Dade Correctional Institution in 2012)
515:
511:
23:
781:
734:
708:(in regards to what constitutes custody in the requirement to read
1332:"When does handcuffing constitute custody for purposes of Miranda"
737:
by members of the police, killings by other inmates, death due to
695:
Lists of killings by law enforcement officers in the United States
1186:"Over 2,150 cases of deaths in judicial custody in 2021-22: Govt"
1061:
List of killings by law enforcement officers in the United States
750:
185:
733:
The causes for death in police custody may range from suspected
911:
718:
326:
133:
129:
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1371:"Data Collection: Deaths In Custody Reporting Program (DCRP)"
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1131:
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894:
Foreign custody by
American agents (police, military, etc.)
882:
due to alleged suicide, although this has been subject to
184:
In
Australia, deaths in custody automatically trigger an
828:(suffered injuries while being transported by police in
920:(Afghan soldier allegedly beaten to death by US forces)
889:
Ruby Evans(blunt force trama)Lee
Arrendale State Prison
780:
Other research has focused on specific states, such as
691:
Human rights in the United States § Justice system
854:
jail cell due to complications from multiple injuries)
1289:"Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation"
1544:, Civil Rights and Restorative Justice Project, 2016
926:(Iraqi killed by elements and possible heart attack)
286:
Category:People who died in Nazi concentration camps
253:
Human rights in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo
1443:Heide, Steffen (2016). "Deaths in Police Custody".
1085:Fruehwald, Stefan; Frottier, Patrick (2002-11-12).
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1556:, CBS News, 01 June 2017; accessed 20 October 2018
1226:OM vervolgt twee agenten voor dood Mitch Henriquez
1084:
1626:
1567:"Disgraced financier Epstein found dead in cell"
176:Punishment in Australia § Deaths in custody
704:The term "in custody" has been debated in both
1239:"Politiet siktet etter dødsfall på glattcelle"
350:1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners
838:(committed suicide in New Jersey prison cell)
912:Examples of persons who have died in custody
898:
986:Infectious diseases within American prisons
1056:Category:People who died in prison custody
1051:Category:People who died in police custody
880:Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York
759:United States Bureau of Justice Statistics
1102:
932:(suspected terrorist tortured and killed)
800:Selected persons who have died in custody
788:
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
1615:International Committee of the Red Cross
1488:
1264:"45 selvmord i norske fengsler på ti år"
866:(33 inmate deaths and over 200 injuries)
699:
669:Human rights in the United Arab Emirates
1396:. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. pp.
1329:
976:Capital punishment in the United States
1627:
1491:Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
1445:Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
1207:
1205:
1484:
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1442:
1420:
1365:
1363:
1307:
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1330:Holcomb, Jayme (February 20, 2016).
1132:Stefan Fruehwald; Patrick Frottier.
1001:Prisoner rights in the United States
818:, shot in police custody in 1947 in
46:adding citations to reliable sources
17:
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832:, that led to a coma and his death)
206:" by the government of Bangladesh.
13:
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864:New Mexico State Penitentiary riot
812:jail cell due to apparent suicide)
728:
491:
396:Further information (in Italian):
14:
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1423:"Assessing Inmate Cause of Death"
673:
339:Cipinang Penitentiary Institution
202:At least 32 people have died in "
132:, other authorities, or while in
1270:(in Norwegian). 25 November 2018
858:Missouri State Penitentiary riot
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319:National Human Rights Commission
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33:needs additional citations for
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124:is a death of a person in the
1:
1597:Cornell University Law School
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878:died August 10, 2019, at the
360:Woman, Life, Freedom movement
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139:
1430:Bureau of Justice Statistics
1375:Bureau of Justice Statistics
1354:Bureau of Justice Statistics
808:(woman found hanging in her
771:Bureau of Justice Statistics
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723:Bureau of Justice Statistics
589:Human rights in Saudi Arabia
332:
180:Aboriginal deaths in custody
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158:
7:
1591:Kim, Jonathan (July 2016).
969:
958:
545:
533:Human rights in North Korea
502:Death of Slobodan Milošević
447:
10:
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1640:Imprisonment and detention
1503:10.1016/j.jflm.2007.10.005
1457:10.1016/j.jflm.2016.01.026
1245:(in Norwegian). 2009-05-12
1228:, NU.nl, 19 september 2016
1097:(10). Cmaj.ca: 1127–1128.
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1525:"Death in Police Custody"
899:International custody law
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354:Deaths in custody in Iran
309:Custodial deaths in India
165:Human rights in Argentina
1392:Sudden Deaths in Custody
965:Human rights in Zimbabwe
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552:Human rights in Pakistan
498:Milan Babić § Death
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321:reported 2152 deaths in
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1350:"Arrest related deaths"
1313:"California v. Beheler"
1066:List of freedom indices
943:Human rights in Vietnam
860:(death of four inmates)
753:, accidental death, or
600:Human rights in Somalia
487:Human rights in Morocco
464:Gunasegaran Rajasundram
425:
411:'s Jamaica researcher.
343:
257:
224:
151:Human rights in Algeria
1388:Ross, Darrell (2006).
852:Tulsa County, Oklahoma
820:Harris County, Georgia
789:Watchdog organizations
662:
647:Tadmor Prison massacre
563:Human rights in Russia
476:Human rights in Mexico
1021:List of prison deaths
1016:Extrajudicial killing
954:Human rights in Yemen
706:California v. Beheler
700:Definition of custody
636:Human rights in Sudan
561:Further information:
421:Human rights in Japan
409:Amnesty International
392:Human rights in Italy
307:Further information:
275:Human rights in Egypt
242:Human rights in China
220:Human rights in Burma
204:Operation Clean Heart
196:Further information:
174:Further information:
149:Further information:
1593:"Geneva Conventions"
1531:. February 12, 2017.
1529:The Marshall Project
1421:Zheng, Zhen (2016).
1196:Press Trust of India
1041:Institutional racism
810:Waller County, Texas
794:The Marshall Project
680:UK deaths in custody
510:was arrested at the
432:Human rights in Laos
264:Human rights in Cuba
231:Human rights in Chad
42:improve this article
1134:"Death behind bars"
1087:"Death behind bars"
996:Prison overcrowding
884:conspiracy theories
830:Baltimore, Maryland
816:Henry "Peg" Gilbert
577:Maxim Martsinkevich
1164:Guardian Australia
1036:Capital punishment
747:capital punishment
325:and 155 deaths in
57:"Death in custody"
1645:Deaths in custody
1617:. March 15, 2017.
1407:978-1-58829-475-3
1377:. March 14, 2017.
1356:. March 14, 2017.
1319:. March 14, 2017.
991:Life imprisonment
930:Manadel al-Jamadi
905:Geneva Convention
658:Prisons in Turkey
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1198:. 23 March 2022.
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1026:Police brutality
848:Elliott Williams
569:Sergei Magnitsky
443:Abu Salim prison
381:Terence Wheelock
323:judicial custody
122:death in custody
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