903:
625:, coronet and helmet of the peer; if he is also a knight of any order, the two-shield method is used. If a female peer marries a commoner, however, the husband places her arms inescutcheon, surmounted by a coronet of her rank, over his own, but the supporters of her rank cannot be conferred to him; the wife bears her arms singly on a lozenge with the supporters and coronet of her rank. Volumes may be written on all the endless heraldic possibilities of this convoluted system of marshalling, but it may suffice here to say that for various purposes, arms may be marshalled by four basic methods:
710:
2856:
396:
2888:
698:
544:
674:
686:
874:
726:
3222:
156:
250:
741:
144:
504:
593:
793:
1652:
844:
807:
881:
837:
830:
786:
851:
800:
584:, some coats of arms featured hundreds of "quarterings" (see the Grenville arms at right). More usually, however, a quartered coat of arms consisted of four parts, as the name suggests. The origin and underlying purpose of quartering is to express inheritance by female succession: when a female heir (who has no brothers, or whose brothers have all preceded her in death) dies, her son (only
646:
761:
Divisions of the field, like the ordinaries, may follow complex line shapes. Most of these "sections" have developed conventional names in
English, but modern artists, particularly in Finland, have developed new sections influenced by shapes found in the local flora. Among the most common of these
641:
by placing one coat of arms inescutcheon over another. It is also worth noting that one common form in German-Nordic heraldry is "quarterly with a heart" (a shield quartered with an inescutcheon overall). This may have stemmed from the continental practice of sovereigns placing their own hereditary
575:
was short-lived and had already reached its peak in the early 14th century, while impalement remains in practice to modern times. One important remainder of the practice, however, is that when a coat of arms with a bordure is impaled with another coat, the bordure does not continue down the centre,
616:
over her husband's (such usage is almost entirely
English, Scots marshalling being impaling like any other marriage arms). If the husband is a knight of any order, however, the ensigns of that order belong only to him and are not shared with his wife. Two separate shields are then employed, the
930:
some ordinary or its diminutive. The latter differs from a parted field that then bears the ordinary, in that if the ordinary thus dividing the field is between charges, the charges are not overlapped by the ordinary but the ordinary is between them. A famous example of this is the
235:(combining two or more coats of arms into one), or simply for style. The lines that divide a shield may not always be straight, and there is a system of terminology for describing patterned lines, which is also shared with the heraldic ordinaries.
352:(In the above "left" and "right" are from the viewer's perspective, whereas the heraldic terms "sinister" and "dexter" are from the perspective of the person carrying the shield.) Nowadays, however, the 'party' is often omitted, even in 'official'
617:
dexter shield bearing the husband's arms within the circle of his knighthood, and the sinister shield bearing the husband's arms impaled with the wife's usually encircled with a meaningless wreath of oak leaves for artistic balance. A male
597:
588:
her death) quarters her arms with those of his father, placing the father's arms in the first (upper left) and fourth (lower right) quarters and his mother's arms in the second (upper right) and third (lower left).
998:
were "per fess (at nombril point)" (lower than the regular per fess division; the "nombril point" is halfway between the fess point — the exact middle of the field — and the base point, at the bottom centre of the
973:
388:
is before 1677, "parted per chief azure and gules three skenes argent hefted and pomelled Or
Surmounted of as many Woolf-heads couped of the third." and a bordure per chief is shown in the arms of
555:
One common reason for dividing the field in heraldry is for purposes of combining two or more coats of arms to express alliance, inheritance, occupation of an office, etc. This practice, called
426:
this is rarely if ever done, and the foregoing shield would be blazoned — as the pale is supposed to be one-third of the width of the field and is always so depicted under these circumstances —
762:
are engrailed, invected, indented, dancetty, wavy (also called undy), nebuly, embattled, raguly, dovetailed and potenty (pictured below). Notable modern forms include the "fir twig section" (
567:
or quarterly) so that half one coat was matched up with the opposite half of the other. As this would sometimes yield confusing or misleading results, the practice was supplanted by
604:
In the UK heraldries, complex systems of marshalling have developed, and continue to thrive, around heraldic expressions of inheritance. In many cases of marriage, the shield is
384:, for similar reasons; though both Canadian and Scottish Public Registers have official records of fields or bordures divided 'per chief'. The earliest such record in the
938:
One division of the field (though it is sometimes described as a charge) is restricted to the chief: when the chief is divided by a bow-shaped line, this is called a
454:). The arms of Pope Benedict XVI is "tierced in mantle" – as described in Vatican information pages, but the usual term in, for example South African heraldry, is
515:, which is like party per chevron except upside down. A section formed by two (straight) lines drawn from the corners of the chief to the point in base is called
778:). These can be found in the arms of a number of municipalities in Finland, and the latter can also be found in the arms of Mullsjö Municipality in Sweden.
385:
479:
1507:
1356:
446:
in shape (division lines per bend and bend sinister coming down from the chief, meeting at the fess point, and continuing down per pale), is called
1340:
464:
Gules, chapé Azure, on the partition lines respectively a bend and a bend sinister enhanced, in base a demi-cogwheel, Or, with a fountain issuant.
922:
Besides the complex lines discussed above, divisions of the field may also be modified in other ways. Sometimes the division of the field may be
1308:
184:
1248:
1336:
608:
with the husband's entire coat of arms placed on the dexter side and the wife's entire coat placed on the sinister side; if the wife is an
1300:
389:
1124:
1087:
709:
1402:
1912:
2254:
571:, which kept both coats intact and simply squished them into half the space. According to Fox-Davies (1909), the practice of
1444:
1373:
2218:
1104:
1477:
1153:
370:(as, if this did exist, it would be indistinguishable from the bordure), but a bordure can be divided or counter-changed.
1656:
697:
667:, show an unusual form of marshalling quarterly with a heart, where one quarter is dimidiated while the others are not.
1684:
177:
1634:
1618:
1608:
1589:
1567:
1540:
1516:
563:, or splicing together two coats of arms split down the middle (or sometimes, though rarely, split across the centre
673:
1970:
3231:
170:
2492:
2487:
902:
1353:
462:(mantled)), which may be blazoned with three tinctures or just two – e.g. Okakarara Technical Institute:
2357:
249:
1526:
1502:
685:
3051:
2547:
2074:
466:
Shields may also be divided into three parts by a combination of two methods of division, such as
3214:
3176:
2568:
2507:
2447:
1834:
1779:
1744:
483:
3069:
3018:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
745:
1950:
1927:
1883:
1822:
1677:
1039:
932:
392:. A chief is considered a charge in English heraldry and is considered layered atop the field.
109:
34:
2846:
1955:
1905:
1900:
1762:
613:
577:
568:
322:
206:
53:
1132:
1084:
3074:
1861:
1827:
1719:
1622:
523:, the point of which does not reach the bottom of the shield. With arched or bent (French:
950:, meaning "broken", is often applied to a chevron, where the center is usually broken and
8:
2932:
2730:
2712:
2502:
2085:
2037:
2012:
1714:
1530:
488:
316:
218:
214:
1003:
3126:
3099:
2427:
2372:
2322:
2233:
2223:
2160:
2135:
2070:
2045:
2017:
1917:
1704:
1577:
1410:
637:
by dividing the shield into usually four (but potentially innumerable) "quarters", and
478:. This is to be distinguished from the essentially unique partition in the arms of the
331:
222:
3254:
3043:
2974:
2965:
2859:
2588:
2193:
2065:
2004:
1982:
1960:
1844:
1796:
1670:
1630:
1604:
1585:
1563:
1546:
1536:
1512:
907:
431:
403:
374:
129:
116:
95:
23:
2855:
2811:
2799:
2720:
2522:
2327:
2274:
2269:
2203:
2188:
2130:
2095:
1945:
1940:
1873:
1839:
1767:
771:
763:
435:
423:
380:
202:
102:
74:
60:
3226:
3138:
2823:
2668:
2653:
2648:
2583:
2264:
2228:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2055:
2027:
1801:
1724:
1381:
1360:
1091:
977:
756:
395:
340:
289:
280:
238:
160:
2887:
2342:
1452:
241:
takes a different approach in many cases from the one described in this article.
123:
3150:
3116:
3109:
2663:
2628:
2420:
2347:
2332:
2312:
2050:
1895:
1890:
1784:
1772:
1484:
1161:
995:
968:
548:
471:
357:
231:
1328:
3248:
3198:
3133:
3104:
2764:
2688:
2620:
1709:
581:
298:
2573:
1316:
229:(to avoid conflict with otherwise similar coats of arms) or for purposes of
3211:
Non-traditional, regional, or rarely used (sometimes considered unheraldic)
3188:
3166:
3121:
2999:
2658:
2563:
2198:
2125:
2090:
1935:
1868:
1791:
1729:
1332:
1022:
911:
649:
543:
137:
42:
2600:
2317:
2296:
225:
is said to be parted "per chevron"). Shields may be divided this way for
3193:
3035:
2532:
2512:
2380:
2259:
2022:
1320:
1312:
1304:
633:
by dividing per pale and crowding an entire coat of arms into each half,
609:
560:
3008:
2605:
2080:
2693:
2683:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2578:
2452:
2410:
2390:
2362:
2352:
1739:
1018:
873:
3027:
725:
3094:
2698:
2678:
2673:
2482:
2467:
2284:
1989:
740:
622:
503:
67:
2337:
2213:
1247:
See an illustration and description of the
Novohrad-Volyns'kyi arms
730:
3183:
2725:
2610:
2537:
2517:
2462:
2405:
2400:
2395:
1965:
1693:
963:
When the partition lines form four L-shapes, the field is blazoned
926:(lined) or, perhaps less properly, "edged" of another tincture, or
621:
impales the arms of his wife as described above, but including the
440:
Or; a saltire gules; a chief tierced in pale vert, argent, vert ...
198:
88:
31:
2944:
2896:
576:
but stops short where it meets the line of impalement. Eventually
2835:
2593:
2527:
2497:
2477:
2472:
2457:
2437:
2291:
2279:
2249:
2208:
2172:
2105:
2060:
1856:
1817:
664:
660:
653:
618:
592:
366:
307:
1550:
1327:
lines of partition in the arms of the
Finnish municipalities of
1299:
lines of partition in the arms of the
Finnish municipalities of
792:
750:
Azure, a snow crystal argent a chief fir tree topped also argent
143:
3171:
3145:
2920:
2752:
2542:
2432:
2415:
2385:
2165:
2120:
2110:
1851:
1734:
1651:
987:
A number of divisions are unique to German heraldry, including
353:
221:
and carrying its name (e.g. a shield divided in the shape of a
2787:
2442:
2115:
1994:
1977:
843:
806:
580:
gained usage, and in the height of its popularity during the
414:
Shields may also be divided into three parts: this is called
81:
880:
836:
829:
785:
2891:
2100:
1662:
1010:, which is shown in this case as equivalent to the English
850:
799:
399:
271:
1380:(in Swedish). Sveriges Riksdag. 1982-04-29. Archived from
645:
434:
does use 'tierced in pale' (e.g. Clackmannan county (now
629:
by clipping and splicing two coats (usually per pale),
213:
into more than one area, or subdivision, of different
1557:
1272:
1072:
Public
Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland
1059:
Public
Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland
642:
arms inescutcheon over the arms of their dominions.
302:(diagonally from viewer’s upper right to lower left)
293:(diagonally from viewer’s upper left to lower right)
1105:"Arms of 2d Weather Group, United States Air Force"
1027:per bend sinister, inclined in the flanks per fess
3246:
1617:
1219:
1217:
491:per chevron ployé and sinister per fess enhanced
244:
1204:
1202:
989:per bend... broken in the form of a linden leaf
442:) A particular type of tiercing, resembling a
1508:The Art of Heraldry: An Encyclopædia of Armory
715:Example of incorporating arms as an escutcheon
703:Example of the quartering of two coats of arms
1678:
1214:
519:(shod), which must be distinguished from the
178:
1584:. Maidenhead, England: McGraw-Hill Book Co.
1199:
1012:per fess dancetty of two full points upwards
525:
217:, usually following the lines of one of the
41:External devices in addition to the central
1603:(105th ed.). London: Burke's Peerage.
1254:
598:Richard, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos
1685:
1671:
1525:
1501:
1442:
1235:
1223:
1208:
1193:
1181:
954:(brought to a sharper point than normal).
185:
171:
1576:
1430:
1260:
458:(with arched lines, with straight lines:
420:tierced per pale, azure, argent and gules
1475:
1352:See an example of this, termed "edged",
1284:
935:, which is "quartered by a cross Or..."
901:
739:
724:
644:
591:
542:
502:
428:per pale azure and gules, a pale argent.
394:
1598:
679:Example of two coats of arms dimidiated
3247:
1582:Heraldry: Sources, Symbols and Meaning
1558:Mackinnon of Dunakin, Charles (1968).
1374:"Lag (1982:268) om Sveriges riksvapen"
897:
1666:
1002:The arms of the French department of
513:party per chevron reversed (inverted)
470:. Another example is in the arms of
16:Section of the field on an escutcheon
720:
257:Common partitions of the field are:
13:
1562:. London: Frederick Warne and Co.
612:, however, her arms are placed in
248:
14:
3266:
1644:
1407:Probert Encyclopaedia of Heraldry
735:Vert, a chief fir twigged argent.
468:party per fess, in chief per pale
3220:
2886:
2854:
1650:
1158:Pimbley's Dictionary of Heraldry
957:
879:
872:
849:
842:
835:
828:
805:
798:
791:
784:
708:
696:
684:
672:
154:
142:
1560:The Observer's Book of Heraldry
1436:
1424:
1395:
1366:
1346:
1289:
1278:
1266:
1241:
1229:
1129:West Kingdom College of Heralds
360:and extracts of matriculation.
344:(divided into three parts in a
335:(after the manner of a chevron)
1601:Burke's Peerage and Baronetage
1535:. New York: Dodge Publishing.
1187:
1175:
1146:
1117:
1097:
1077:
1064:
1051:
770:) and "fir tree top section" (
538:
1:
1553:– via Internet Archive.
1469:
559:, initially took the form of
373:Neither can a field (nor any
245:Common divisions of the field
2977:(metal in the United States)
1692:
1629:. Oxford: University Press.
1627:The Oxford Guide to Heraldry
1599:Townend, Peter (Ed. (1970).
1532:A Complete Guide to Heraldry
1478:"New Directions in Heraldry"
1160:. 2009-02-13. Archived from
890:
887:
878:
871:
866:
863:
860:
857:
848:
841:
834:
827:
822:
819:
816:
813:
804:
797:
790:
783:
326:(divided into four quarters)
7:
1476:Appleton, David B. (2002).
1273:Mackinnon of Dunakin (1968)
1033:
916:quartered by a cross gules
10:
3271:
1527:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles
1503:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles
996:Republic of Bophuthatswana
754:
691:The same two coats impaled
496:
363:A field cannot be divided
3207:
3159:
3087:
3060:
2984:
2953:
2907:
2845:
2774:
2739:
2711:
2619:
2556:
2371:
2305:
2242:
2181:
2036:
2003:
1926:
1810:
1755:
1700:
1511:. London: Benjamin Blom.
1070:"County of Clackmannan",
600:, claimed 719 quarterings
1378:Swedish Code of Statutes
1045:
386:Scottish Public Register
3215:List of oldest heraldry
1090:April 16, 2005, at the
994:The arms of the former
547:The dimidiated arms of
484:United States Air Force
1040:Variation of the field
981:
933:greater arms of Sweden
919:
775:
767:
752:
737:
656:
601:
552:
526:
508:
411:
410:or "tierced in mantle"
311:(diagonally both ways)
254:
1623:Robinson, John Martin
905:
743:
728:
648:
595:
546:
531:) lines it is called
511:A shield may also be
506:
476:per pale and per pall
398:
275:(halved horizontally)
253:Division of the field
252:
1659:at Wikimedia Commons
1359:May 3, 2006, at the
1057:"Skene of Newtyle",
965:quarterly en equerre
408:Gules chapé ployé Or
3227:Heraldry portal
2654:Hastings/Hungerford
1941:Crowns and coronets
1913:National traditions
1578:Neubecker, Ottfried
898:Other modifications
422:(though perhaps in
284:(halved vertically)
161:Heraldry portal
2611:Waterlily/Seeblatt
1835:Ancient and modern
1657:Heraldic divisions
1184:, pp. 524–525
946:("little hood").
920:
753:
744:Municipal arms of
738:
729:Municipal arms of
657:
602:
553:
509:
412:
255:
205:(background) of a
3242:
3241:
3083:
3082:
3021:(color in Canada)
2707:
2706:
1655:Media related to
1449:www.heraldica.org
1445:"Illustration 51"
1236:Fox-Davies (1909)
1224:Fox-Davies (1909)
1209:Fox-Davies (1909)
1194:Fox-Davies (1909)
1182:Fox-Davies (1909)
908:Eric of Pomerania
895:
894:
721:Lines of division
480:2nd Weather Group
432:Scottish heraldry
195:
194:
3262:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3063:
3050:
3042:
3034:
3026:
3016:
3006:
2998:
2995:
2987:
2972:
2964:
2956:
2943:
2940:
2931:
2928:
2919:
2916:
2890:
2858:
2834:
2831:
2822:
2819:
2810:
2807:
2798:
2795:
2786:
2783:
2763:
2760:
2751:
2748:
2737:
2736:
2721:Rule of tincture
2438:Griffin/Keythong
2034:
2033:
1725:Officers of arms
1687:
1680:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1654:
1640:
1619:Woodcock, Thomas
1614:
1595:
1573:
1554:
1522:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1489:
1483:. Archived from
1482:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1451:. Archived from
1443:François Velde.
1440:
1434:
1431:Neubecker (1976)
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1409:. Archived from
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1370:
1364:
1350:
1344:
1293:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1261:Neubecker (1976)
1258:
1252:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1212:
1206:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1131:. Archived from
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1101:
1095:
1081:
1075:
1074:, vol 27, p. 32.
1068:
1062:
1061:, vol 1, p. 417.
1055:
982:Winkelmaßschnitt
976:
883:
876:
853:
846:
839:
832:
809:
802:
795:
788:
781:
780:
712:
700:
688:
676:
529:
436:Clackmannanshire
424:English heraldry
402:coat of arms of
187:
180:
173:
159:
158:
157:
146:
19:
18:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3221:
3219:
3203:
3155:
3079:
3061:
3056:
3048:
3040:
3032:
3024:
3014:
3004:
2996:
2993:
2985:
2980:
2970:
2962:
2954:
2949:
2941:
2938:
2929:
2926:
2917:
2914:
2903:
2841:
2832:
2829:
2820:
2817:
2808:
2805:
2796:
2793:
2784:
2781:
2770:
2761:
2758:
2749:
2746:
2735:
2703:
2669:Hungerford knot
2639:Cavendish/Savoy
2615:
2552:
2367:
2301:
2238:
2177:
2032:
1999:
1922:
1806:
1751:
1696:
1691:
1647:
1637:
1611:
1592:
1570:
1543:
1519:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1472:
1467:
1458:
1456:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1416:
1414:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1387:
1385:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1361:Wayback Machine
1351:
1347:
1294:
1290:
1285:Appleton (2002)
1283:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1259:
1255:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1230:
1222:
1215:
1207:
1200:
1192:
1188:
1180:
1176:
1167:
1165:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1138:
1136:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1092:Wayback Machine
1082:
1078:
1069:
1065:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1036:
972:
960:
910:as king of the
900:
858:Wavy (or Undy)
759:
757:Line (heraldry)
723:
716:
713:
704:
701:
692:
689:
680:
677:
639:superimposition
541:
499:
247:
239:French heraldry
191:
155:
153:
148:
147:
141:
134:
120:
113:
106:
99:
92:
85:
78:
71:
64:
57:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3268:
3258:
3257:
3240:
3239:
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3217:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3204:
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3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
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3180:
3179:
3169:
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3157:
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3151:Trophy of arms
3148:
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3141:
3131:
3130:
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3119:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3110:banner of arms
3102:
3097:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3064:
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3054:
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3038:
3030:
3022:
3012:
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2988:
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2959:
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2951:
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2911:
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2899:
2884:
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2877:
2872:
2867:
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2843:
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2840:
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2827:
2815:
2803:
2791:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2771:
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2756:
2743:
2741:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2694:Tristram/Bowen
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
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2240:
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2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1871:
1866:
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1854:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1820:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1780:Ecclesiastical
1777:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
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1732:
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1707:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1689:
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1675:
1667:
1661:
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1646:
1645:External links
1643:
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1032:
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1015:
1000:
992:
985:
969:framing square
959:
956:
899:
896:
893:
892:
889:
885:
884:
877:
869:
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865:
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811:
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755:Main article:
722:
719:
718:
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549:Sieradz County
540:
537:
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472:Clive Cheesman
358:letters patent
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3233:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3200:
3199:Sigillography
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3170:
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3031:
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3023:
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3013:
3010:
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2992:
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2989:
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2976:
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2792:
2789:
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2773:
2766:
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2738:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
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2719:
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2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
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2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2569:Laurel wreath
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
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2526:
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2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
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2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
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2426:
2422:
2419:
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2414:
2412:
2409:
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2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
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2376:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
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2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1710:Grant of arms
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1638:
1636:0-19-211658-4
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1610:0-85011-034-3
1606:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1591:0-07-046308-5
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1569:0-7232-0083-1
1565:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1542:0-517-26643-1
1538:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1518:0-906223-34-2
1514:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1490:on 2021-03-09
1486:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1455:on 2021-06-28
1454:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1427:
1413:on 2008-12-02
1412:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1384:on 2008-01-23
1383:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1349:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1281:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1250:
1244:
1238:, p. 541
1237:
1232:
1226:, p. 532
1225:
1220:
1218:
1211:, p. 531
1210:
1205:
1203:
1196:, p. 543
1195:
1190:
1183:
1178:
1164:on 2021-05-05
1163:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1135:on 2011-09-29
1134:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1106:
1100:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1080:
1073:
1067:
1060:
1054:
1050:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1004:Côtes-d'Armor
1001:
997:
993:
990:
986:
983:
979:
975:
970:
966:
962:
961:
958:Unusual forms
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
936:
934:
929:
925:
917:
913:
909:
904:
886:
882:
875:
870:
856:
852:
845:
838:
831:
826:
812:
808:
801:
794:
787:
782:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
758:
751:
747:
742:
736:
732:
727:
711:
706:
699:
694:
687:
682:
675:
670:
669:
668:
666:
662:
655:
651:
647:
643:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
615:
611:
607:
599:
594:
590:
587:
583:
582:Victorian era
579:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
550:
545:
536:
534:
533:chaussé ployé
530:
528:
522:
518:
514:
505:
501:
494:
492:
490:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
391:
387:
383:
382:
377:) be divided
376:
371:
369:
368:
361:
359:
355:
347:
343:
342:
337:
334:
333:
328:
325:
324:
319:
318:
313:
310:
309:
304:
301:
300:
299:bend sinister
295:
292:
291:
286:
283:
282:
277:
274:
273:
267:
263:
260:
259:
258:
251:
242:
240:
236:
234:
233:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
188:
183:
181:
176:
174:
169:
168:
166:
165:
162:
152:
151:
145:
140:
139:
132:
131:
126:
125:
119:
118:
112:
111:
105:
104:
98:
97:
91:
90:
84:
83:
77:
76:
70:
69:
63:
62:
56:
55:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
3189:Phaleristics
3122:Roll of arms
3088:Applications
3000:Bleu celeste
2986:Rare colours
2679:Ormonde/Wake
2564:Fleur-de-lis
2126:Inescutcheon
2091:Crozier head
1936:Coat of arms
1878:
1823:Augmentation
1730:King of Arms
1626:
1600:
1581:
1559:
1531:
1506:
1492:. Retrieved
1485:the original
1457:. Retrieved
1453:the original
1448:
1438:
1433:, p. 50
1426:
1415:. Retrieved
1411:the original
1406:
1403:"Chapournet"
1397:
1386:. Retrieved
1382:the original
1377:
1368:
1348:
1324:
1309:Varpaisjärvi
1296:
1291:
1280:
1275:, p. 48
1268:
1263:, p. 89
1256:
1243:
1231:
1189:
1177:
1166:. Retrieved
1162:the original
1157:
1148:
1137:. Retrieved
1133:the original
1128:
1119:
1108:. Retrieved
1099:
1079:
1071:
1066:
1058:
1053:
1026:
1023:South Africa
1021:Province in
1017:The arms of
1011:
1007:
988:
964:
951:
947:
943:
939:
937:
927:
923:
921:
915:
912:Kalmar Union
906:The arms of
760:
749:
734:
659:The arms of
658:
650:Coat of arms
638:
634:
630:
626:
605:
603:
596:The arms of
585:
572:
564:
556:
554:
532:
524:
520:
516:
512:
510:
500:
487:
475:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
427:
419:
415:
413:
407:
404:Benedict XVI
378:
372:
364:
362:
351:
345:
338:
329:
321:
314:
305:
296:
287:
278:
269:
265:
261:
256:
237:
230:
227:differencing
226:
210:
196:
138:Coat of arms
136:
128:
122:
115:
108:
101:
94:
87:
80:
73:
66:
59:
52:
43:coat of arms
3194:Vexillology
2955:Rare metals
2935:(blood red)
2533:Winged lion
2513:Sea-griffin
2448:Hippocampus
2381:Allocamelus
2023:Fimbriation
1951:Compartment
1928:Achievement
1896:Marshalling
1862:distinction
1720:Law of arms
1705:Authorities
1329:Taivalkoski
944:chaperonnet
888:Dovetailed
733:, Finland:
627:dimidiation
573:dimidiation
561:dimidiation
557:marshalling
539:Marshalling
486:, which is
456:chapé ployé
390:Roy, Canada
232:marshalling
110:Compartment
54:Escutcheon
35:achievement
3139:equestrian
2923:(mulberry)
2649:Harrington
2579:Quatrefoil
2508:Salamander
2453:Hippogriff
2411:Cockatrice
2391:Amphiptere
2363:Wolfsangel
2343:Portcullis
2255:Black swan
2209:Camelopard
2038:Ordinaries
1956:Escutcheon
1906:impalement
1901:quartering
1884:variations
1802:Attributed
1740:pursuivant
1494:2009-03-21
1470:References
1459:2009-03-22
1417:2009-03-21
1388:2009-03-21
1341:Pylkönmäki
1168:2009-03-22
1139:2011-07-18
1110:2019-09-14
1083:See image
1019:Mpumalanga
940:chapournet
928:divided by
924:fimbriated
864:Embattled
814:Engrailed
748:, Sweden:
635:quartering
631:impalement
623:supporters
614:escutcheon
578:quartering
569:impalement
452:per pairle
356:, e.g. in
339:party per
330:party per
315:party per
306:party per
297:party per
288:party per
279:party per
219:ordinaries
22:Part of a
3232:resources
3177:socialist
3100:Hatchment
3095:Bookplate
3075:Carnation
3062:Realistic
2875:Erminites
2713:Tinctures
2664:Hinckaert
2629:Bourchier
2483:Ouroboros
2468:Manticore
2373:Legendary
2348:Reremouse
2285:Przepaska
2214:Hind/stag
2204:Dog/hound
2013:Attitudes
1990:Supporter
1918:Societies
1879:divisions
1828:abatement
1337:Rautjärvi
1317:Outokumpu
1154:"Chausse"
1125:"Chaussé"
974:‹See Tfd›
823:Dancetty
820:Indented
817:Invected
776:kuusikoro
551:in Poland
323:quarterly
215:tinctures
68:Supporter
3255:Heraldry
3249:Category
3184:Logotype
3127:Illyrian
3009:Brunâtre
2933:Sanguine
2870:Erminois
2838:(purple)
2731:Hatching
2726:Tricking
2689:Stafford
2589:Shamrock
2538:Woodwose
2518:Sea-lion
2488:Pantheon
2463:Lindworm
2406:Chollima
2401:Biscione
2396:Basilisk
2318:Crapaudy
2219:Kangaroo
2081:Componée
2075:Łękawica
1971:pavilion
1966:Mantling
1845:courtesy
1840:Alliance
1768:dominion
1763:National
1694:Heraldry
1625:(1988).
1580:(1976).
1551:09023803
1529:(1909).
1505:(1904).
1357:Archived
1333:Puolanka
1325:tree top
1297:fir twig
1088:Archived
1034:See also
952:enhanced
891:Potenty
768:havukoro
565:per fess
448:per pall
418:, as in
199:heraldry
89:Mantling
32:Heraldic
3160:Related
3028:Cendrée
3011:(brown)
2865:Ermines
2836:Purpure
2826:(green)
2802:(black)
2775:Colours
2755:(white)
2659:Heneage
2601:Thistle
2594:Trefoil
2528:Unicorn
2503:Phoenix
2498:Pegasus
2493:Panther
2478:Musimon
2473:Mermaid
2458:Lampago
2428:Enfield
2421:Chinese
2358:Serpent
2353:Scallop
2323:Dolphin
2297:Pelican
2292:Martlet
2280:Szaszor
2250:Alerion
2224:Leopard
2199:Bull/ox
2173:Saltire
2161:Roundel
2136:Lozenge
2106:Flaunch
2071:Chevron
2061:Bordure
2046:Annulet
2018:Erasure
2005:Charges
1869:Canting
1857:Cadency
1818:Armiger
1792:Burgher
1745:private
1715:History
1008:émanché
999:field).
967:(viz. "
867:Raguly
861:Nebuly
772:Finnish
764:Finnish
746:Mullsjö
665:Ukraine
661:Zviahel
654:Zviahel
610:heiress
606:impaled
517:chaussé
507:Chaussé
497:Chaussé
482:of the
416:tierced
367:bordure
354:blazons
332:chevron
308:saltire
223:chevron
211:divided
209:can be
3172:Emblem
3146:Tabard
3070:Proper
3049:
3044:Orange
3041:
3033:
3025:
3017:
3015:
3007:
3005:
2997:
2994:
2973:
2971:
2966:Copper
2963:
2942:
2939:
2930:
2927:
2921:Murrey
2918:
2915:
2908:Stains
2897:Potent
2860:Ermine
2833:
2830:
2821:
2818:
2814:(blue)
2809:
2806:
2797:
2794:
2785:
2782:
2767:(gold)
2762:
2759:
2753:Argent
2750:
2747:
2740:Metals
2606:Turnip
2557:Plants
2543:Wyvern
2433:Garuda
2416:Dragon
2386:Alphyn
2182:Beasts
2166:Bezant
2121:Hamade
2111:Goutte
2066:Canton
1983:slogan
1961:Helmet
1852:Blazon
1811:Topics
1735:herald
1633:
1607:
1588:
1566:
1549:
1539:
1515:
1323:. See
1321:Joutsa
1313:Karvia
1305:Siipyy
1301:Ylämaa
978:German
731:Ylämaa
489:Dexter
450:(also
438:) has
375:charge
348:shape)
262:parted
207:shield
201:, the
130:slogan
117:Charge
96:Helmet
24:series
3117:Badge
3036:Ochre
2945:Tenné
2812:Azure
2800:Sable
2790:(red)
2788:Gules
2684:Savoy
2644:Dacre
2634:Bowen
2621:Knots
2523:Tyger
2443:Harpy
2328:Emmet
2306:Other
2275:Eagle
2243:Birds
2131:Label
2116:Gyron
2096:Chief
2086:Cross
2028:Lines
1995:Torse
1978:Motto
1946:Crest
1891:Fraud
1874:Field
1797:Women
1785:papal
1773:civic
1756:Types
1488:(PDF)
1481:(PDF)
1046:Notes
1025:show
1006:show
948:Rompu
586:after
527:ployé
460:chapé
400:Papal
381:chief
317:cross
266:party
203:field
124:Motto
103:Crown
82:Torse
75:Crest
61:Field
3134:Seal
3105:Flag
3052:Rose
3019:Buff
2975:Buff
2892:Vair
2880:Pean
2847:Furs
2824:Vert
2699:Wake
2674:Lacy
2584:Rose
2548:Yale
2338:Lucy
2270:Dove
2265:Crow
2260:Cock
2234:Wolf
2229:Lion
2194:Boar
2189:Bear
2156:Pile
2151:Pall
2146:Pale
2141:Orle
2101:Fess
2056:Bend
1631:ISBN
1605:ISBN
1586:ISBN
1564:ISBN
1547:LCCN
1537:ISBN
1513:ISBN
1354:here
1339:and
1319:and
1295:See
1249:here
1085:here
914:are
619:peer
521:pile
430:but
379:per
365:per
341:pall
290:bend
281:pale
272:fess
270:per
264:(or
127:(or
3167:Mon
2574:Oak
2333:Ged
2313:Bee
2051:Bar
971:",
942:or
918:...
652:of
406:is
320:or
197:In
3251::
2765:Or
1621:;
1545:.
1447:.
1405:.
1376:.
1335:,
1331:,
1315:,
1311:,
1307:,
1303:,
1216:^
1201:^
1156:.
1127:.
984:).
980::
774::
766::
663:,
535:.
493:.
474::
268:)
26:on
2077:)
2073:(
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1679:t
1672:v
1639:.
1613:.
1594:.
1572:.
1521:.
1497:.
1462:.
1420:.
1391:.
1363:.
1343:.
1251:.
1171:.
1142:.
1113:.
1094:.
1029:.
1014:.
991:.
444:Y
346:Y
186:e
179:t
172:v
133:)
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