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forced to circle the block for a few minutes in order to find an unoccupied parking space. This small search time per car creates a surprisingly large amount of traffic congestion because, typically, many cars are searching for parking simultaneously during peak driving times. This wastes time and fuel and increases air pollution. Shoup calls this phenomenon of excess driving resulting from under-priced parking "cruising for parking".
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Shoup popularized the theory that an 85% occupancy rate of on-street parking spaces would be the most efficient use of public parking. When cars at any given destination in a city (a block or group of blocks) occupy more than 85% of on-street parking spaces, then cars arriving at that destination are
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in electrical engineering and economics, and a doctorate in economics from Yale in 1968. After completing his PhD he headed west, assuming a post as research economist at UCLA's
Institute for Government and Public Affairs. After a four-year stint as a professor at the
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to encourage parking cash out. His research on municipal parking policies has led cities to charge fair market prices for curb parking and to dedicate the resulting meter revenue to finance added public services in the metered districts.
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due to the availability of free parking. Shoup has extensively studied parking as a key link between transportation and land use, with important consequences for cities, the economy, and the environment. In a 2004 paper titled
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theory, in 1975 Shoup was inspired by a master's thesis that found that Los
Angeles County employees were almost twice as likely to drive alone than federal employees in the
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identifies the negative repercussions of off-street parking requirements and relies heavily on 'Georgist' insights about optimal land use and rent distribution. In 2015, the
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Shoup, Donald C. "The Ideal Source of Local Public
Revenue." Regional Science and Urban Economics 34.6 (2004): 753-84.
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His research on employer-paid parking led to the passage of
California's parking cash-out law, and to changes in the
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Shoup, Donald, with Ronald Wilson. "Parking subsidies and travel choices: assessing the evidence." (1990).
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and as Chair of the
Department of Urban Planning at UCLA. He has served as a visiting scholar at the
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Advance land acquisition by local governments: benefit-cost analysis as an aid to policy
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Shoup's attempts to turn theory into practice have, on occasion, led to controversy.
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awarded Shoup the "National
Planning Excellence Award for a Planning Pioneer."
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336:"Pay As You Park: UCLA professor Donald Shoup inspires a passion for parking"
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Shoup, Donald. "The optimal timing of urban land development." (1970).
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Shoup also serves on the advisory board of the
Parking Reform Network.
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265:"An opportunity to reduce minimum parking requirements." (1995).
30:(born August 24, 1938) is an American engineer and professor in
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Evaluating the
Effects of Parking Cash Out: Eight Case Studies
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American Men and Women of
Science: Urban community sciences
279:"The trouble with minimum parking requirements." (1999).
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tax theory to urban parking and transportation issues.
187:. (1997) California Environmental Protection Agency.
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Transportation
Research Part A: Policy and Practice
258:Shoup, Donald. "Cashing out free parking." (1982).
72:, in the late 1950s at the peak of New Haven Mayor
34:. He is a research professor of urban planning at
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655:The Access Almanac - Solar Parking Requirements
386:"The High Cost of Free Parking Chapters 19-22"
680:UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs faculty
267:Journal of the American Planning Association
562:"High-tech parking meters premiere in S.F."
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173:(1968). Institute of Public Administration.
274:Journal of Planning Education and Research
180:(1980). U.S. Department of Transportation
178:Free Parking as a Transportation Problem.
100:Originally focused on public finance and
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194:. (2005). APA Planning Advisory Service.
137:American Institute of Certified Planners
111:The Ideal Source of Local Public Revenue
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272:"In lieu of required parking." (1999).
83:He received undergraduate degrees from
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338:. No. May 2005. Planning Magazine
113:, Shoup argued for the application of
23:Costs of Congestion and Parking Search
602:"Proposed parking fees find few fans"
505:University of California, Los Angeles
471:University of California, Los Angeles
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36:University of California, Los Angeles
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307:Press, Jaques Cattell (1974-01-01).
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139:, and has served as Director of the
587:"California's Parking Cash-Out Law"
357:Hartocollis, Anemona (2005-03-27).
141:Institute of Transportation Studies
80:and other urban renewal projects.
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525:Gardetta, Dave (1 December 2011).
440:Groves, Martha (16 October 2010).
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176:Shoup, Donald and Don Pickerell.
313:. R. R. Bowker Co. p. 297.
286:"Cruising for parking." (2006).
169:Shoup, Donald and Ruth P. Mack.
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685:University of Michigan faculty
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442:"He puts parking in its place"
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560:Gordon, Rachel (2010-07-27).
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203:. (2005) APA Planners Press.
200:The High Cost of Free Parking
50:American Planning Association
45:The High Cost of Free Parking
359:"No Parking. You're Welcome"
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16:Professor of urban planning
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246:Papers in Regional Science
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135:Shoup is a Fellow of the
42:economist. His 2005 book
260:Transportation Quarterly
222:Shoup, Donald (editor).
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106:Los Angeles Civic Center
566:San Francisco Chronicle
650:UCLA faculty biography
628:Parking Reform Network
90:University of Michigan
70:New Haven, Connecticut
62:Long Beach, California
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705:American male writers
412:"Donald Shoup, FAICP"
334:Knack, Ruth Eckdish.
126:Internal Revenue Code
56:Early life and career
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226:. (2018) Routledge.
224:Parking and the City
149:Cambridge University
145:University of Hawaii
78:Oak Street Connector
695:Yale College alumni
675:Georgist economists
527:"Between the Lines"
467:"Faculty biography"
384:Washington, Emily.
28:Donald Curran Shoup
498:"Curriculum vitae"
390:marketurbanism.com
364:The New York Times
60:Shoup was born in
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606:San Diego Tribune
446:Los Angeles Times
392:. Market Urbanism
239:Selected articles
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232:978-113849703-0
211:(Revised 2011.
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531:LA Magazine
664:Categories
633:2022-06-14
624:"About us"
572:2010-07-27
426:2015-12-02
370:2009-08-11
295:References
153:World Bank
151:, and the
66:U.S. Navy
536:25 April
510:26 April
476:25 April
451:26 April
115:Georgist
40:Georgist
96:Parking
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262:36(3)
164:Books
538:2015
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315:ISBN
228:ISBN
213:ISBN
205:ISBN
190:——.
183:——.
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