97:
1120:
81:
540:
1773:
321:
113:
1796:
630:
806:
346:
685:
551:
came of age and claimed his rights of succession. Backed by the nobility of Wrocław, Henry III forced the duke to cede central parts of Lower
Silesia to him, while Bolesław himself retired to Legnica. Furthermore, he came into conflict with his younger brother
609:
As the duchy's capital at the beginning of the 14th century, Legnica was an important city of
Central Europe, with a population of approximately 16,000 residents. The city began to expand quickly after the discovery of
417:
96:
586:
was still a minor, King
Wenceslaus took over his guardianship, strengthening the Bohemian influence in Silesia. In 1303 Bolesław III was betrothed to Wenceslaus' daughter
1987:
594:
on the
Bohemian throne in 1306. He was not able to retain the united duchy and in 1311 Lower Silesia was split again, with Wrocław going to his younger brother
1429:
1621:
1997:
1616:
523:. Although Henry was killed and his forces defeated, their advance into Europe was halted when they turned back to attend to the election of a new
1992:
1149:
1753:
1249:
641:
Piast state from 1329 onwards became a Czech vassal, the political weakness of the duchy continued, caused by domestic conflicts between
1198:
766:
739:
746:. However, King Ferdinand I, rejecting any Hohenzollern influence within the Habsburg lands, declared the agreement null and void.
669:
in 1436. A long-standing dispute arose, as the late Duke Louis II had bequeathed his estates to the sons of his step-brother Duke
547:
After Henry's death his eldest son Bolesław II the Bald followed him as ruler of Lower
Silesia until in 1248 his younger brother
743:
587:
1419:
1890:
1190:
1171:
1142:
579:
succeeded him as duke in 1290. Thus, the Lower
Silesian duchies of Legnica and Wrocław were re-reunited until 1311.
1746:
1718:
1242:
1097:
754:
557:
80:
731:
500:
112:
1663:
793:. Finally in 1763 the duchy lost most of its privileges after being incorporated into Prussia according to the
790:
1915:
1409:
1371:
835:
762:
666:
553:
859:
642:
583:
432:, formed during the fragmentation of Poland into smaller provincial duchies, ruled by a local line of the
2002:
1739:
1651:
1235:
339:
138:
571:, who succeeded his father in 1278, was able to enlarge the duchy's territories by defeating his cousin
1646:
1043:
256:
1636:
1132:
1057:
877:
673:–though without the consent of the Bohemian overlord. Eventually, in 1455 the duchy was inherited by
599:
929:
749:
The struggles continued, though the duchy was officially guaranteed freedom of religion by the 1648
1712:
1631:
1136:
1128:
1080:
1011:
914:
848:
786:
658:
576:
568:
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102:
810:
1318:
1050:
1034:
995:
981:
888:
695:
674:
646:
560:, also demanded his distributive share and had to be paid off by Bolesław with the newly created
86:
1857:
824:
665:. As Louis himself had no male heirs, Legnica was annexed as a ceased fief by the Bohemian king
1920:
1686:
1548:
1153:
794:
726:
in 1526, the Lands of the
Bohemian Crown including the Legnica fief were incorporated into the
703:
657:. When in 1419 the Legnica branch of the Silesian Piasts became extinct with the death of Duke
288:
1414:
973:
965:
460:
1701:
1586:
1451:
936:
735:
531:
in the same year. Minor celebrations are held annually in
Legnica to commemorate the battle.
1895:
1837:
1822:
1493:
839:
561:
191:
1935:
1543:
1488:
918:
591:
451:
dukes in 1163 and from 1248 was the seat of a principality in its own right, ruled by the
8:
1852:
1513:
1295:
1073:
1066:
1018:
907:
774:
750:
719:
707:
548:
165:
1300:
852:
723:
178:
1812:
1762:
1611:
1581:
1571:
1566:
1424:
1285:
1022:
988:
828:
770:
711:
654:
508:
480:
468:
429:
282:
230:
1523:
1338:
1323:
1290:
969:
1966:
1940:
1681:
1606:
1538:
1439:
1186:
1030:
1559–1576; 1580–1581 Henry XI, again, twice restored and again deposed, jointly with
1002:
949:
895:
870:
758:
727:
706:
was introduced in the duchy as early as 1522, decisively promoted by the theologians
678:
670:
662:
595:
492:
472:
269:
1366:
1961:
1925:
1905:
1885:
1875:
1785:
1772:
1696:
1676:
1671:
1626:
1528:
1478:
1456:
1404:
1356:
1328:
940:
817:
650:
572:
512:
448:
326:
1576:
1498:
1361:
1333:
603:
539:
452:
421:
396:
48:
34:
1945:
1930:
1910:
1900:
1880:
1827:
1817:
1691:
1533:
1518:
1508:
1483:
1386:
1310:
863:
699:
496:
467:, Legnica shared the fate of most of the others Silesian duchies, falling into
404:
243:
217:
204:
129:
62:
528:
1981:
1867:
1847:
1842:
1804:
1795:
1381:
1376:
1277:
1213:
1200:
922:
782:
778:
634:
476:
456:
441:
433:
629:
1443:
688:
504:
805:
677:, the son of Louis' daughter Hedwig, who was officially enfeoffed by King
1470:
715:
378:
161:
382:
464:
1731:
1558:
1227:
1069:, son of John Christian, also Duke of Brzeg since 1633, jointly with
1641:
777:, the old dispute was a pretext to justify his campaign during the
718:. This led to conflict when, after the death of the Bohemian King
684:
1466:
1396:
1348:
734:. In turn, Duke Frederick II signed an inheritance pact with the
623:
615:
598:. Even Bolesław's rule over Legnica was contested by his brother
520:
437:
368:
151:
1710:
781:: in 1742 most of Silesia including Legnica was occupied by the
1262:
524:
364:
117:
556:, who, originally predestined for an ecclesiastical career as
101:
Greatest extent of territory of the Duchy during the reign of
952:, grandson of Louis I the Fair, also Duke of Brzeg since 1399
1258:
611:
134:
1185:
Rudolf Žáček, Dějiny
Slezska v datech, Libri Praha 2003,
1091:
1663–1672 Christian, again, also Duke of Brzeg from 1664
1046:, son of George II of Brzeg, Duke of Brezeg since 1595
984:, son of John I of Lüben, also Duke of Brzeg from 1481
633:
First geographical map of Lower
Silesia (to south) by
602:
and in 1329 he had to pay homage to the Bohemian King
582:
As after the death of Henry V in 1296, his eldest son
998:, brother, also Duke of Brzeg 1503–1505 and from 1521
757:, in 1675, Legnica passed to the direct rule of the
511:, supported by the feudal nobility including Poles,
459:
until the extinction of the line in 1675. Formed by
769:referring to the inheritance pact in 1537. For the
1988:States and territories disestablished in the 1670s
1979:
1141:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
534:
1747:
1243:
575:, Duke of Wrocław, and, with support of King
447:Legnica Castle had become a residence of the
590:and to no avail tried to follow the extinct
40:
26:
54:
1998:States and territories established in 1248
1754:
1740:
1250:
1236:
1088:1663–1664 George III, again, jointly with
884:1312–1342 Bolesław III the Generous, again
753:. After the death of the last Piast duke,
491:The town of Legnica became famous for the
111:
95:
1172:Learn how and when to remove this message
873:, brother, sole Duke of Wrocław from 1311
495:that took place at the nearby village of
1053:, son, also Duke of Brzeg, jointly with
1027:1556–1559 Frederick III, again, deposed,
804:
683:
628:
621:
538:
1083:, brother, also Duke of Brzeg 1633–1654
1076:, brother, also Duke of Brzeg 1633–1654
1021:, son, under regency of his uncle Duke
436:between 1248 and 1675. Its capital was
1980:
1761:
1257:
698:, Duke from 1499, again inherited the
1993:13th-century establishments in Poland
1735:
1231:
1105:Male line of Silesian Piasts extinct.
827:, eldest son of the Polish High Duke
1113:
714:, and the population quickly turned
653:strengthening the influences of the
527:(Grand Khan) following the death of
968:, nephew of Louis II, and his sons
800:
765:, despite claims raised by Elector
13:
898:, brother, Duke of Brzeg from 1358
661:, the duchy was inherited by Duke
14:
2014:
519:, was decisively defeated by the
507:army led by the Polish High Duke
1962:Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia
1794:
1771:
1719:Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
1270:Medieval district principalities
1118:
767:Frederick William of Brandenburg
740:Joachim II Hector of Brandenburg
344:
319:
79:
957:Line extinct, seized by Bohemia
501:first Mongol invasion of Poland
255:• Inheritance treaty with
1664:Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
1014:, son of Frederick II, deposed
1005:, also Duke of Brzeg from 1503
791:War of the Austrian Succession
742:, a cousin of his second wife
1:
1891:Duchy of Głogówek and Prudnik
903:1346–1364 Wenceslaus I, again
862:, son, also Duke of Wrocław,
567:Nevertheless, Bolesław's son
499:on 9 April 1241, during the
177:• Partitioned from the
7:
1916:Duchy of Opole and Racibórz
1652:State of the Teutonic Order
851:, son of Bolesław II, also
809:Coat of arms of the Duchy,
535:Establishment within Poland
463:, Duke of Lower Silesia at
340:Lands of the Bohemian Crown
10:
2019:
1661:Early modern fiefs of the
1647:Prince-Bishopric of Warmia
1109:
815:
486:
16:Silesian duchy (1248–1675)
1954:
1866:
1803:
1792:
1778:
1769:
1660:
1599:
1557:
1465:
1438:
1395:
1347:
1309:
1276:
1269:
1100:, son, also Duke of Brzeg
860:Bolesław III the Generous
584:Bolesław III the Generous
475:and eventually—after the
375:
360:
298:
294:
279:
266:
253:
242:• Reunited with the
240:
227:
214:
201:
188:
175:
171:
157:
147:
125:
110:
94:
76:
71:
21:
1713:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1127:This article includes a
866:from 1311, jointly with
643:Bolesław's the Wastefull
577:Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
381:on the left bank of the
1420:Bydgoszcz and Wyszogród
1214:51.208333°N 16.160278°E
1156:more precise citations.
813:
704:Protestant Reformation
691:
638:
544:
483:spheres of influence.
425:
408:
400:
55:
41:
27:
964:1436–1453 claimed by
811:Odrzańska Gate, Brzeg
808:
795:Peace of Hubertusburg
730:of the Catholic king
687:
632:
606:to secure his reign.
542:
229:• Vassalized by
120:map from 1561 (south)
1858:Duchy of Münsterberg
1600:Other medieval fiefs
1219:51.208333; 16.160278
991:, son, jointly with
910:, son, jointly with
891:, son, jointly with
825:Bolesław II the Bald
461:Bolesław II the Bald
1210: /
974:Henryk X of Chojnów
775:Frederick the Great
751:Peace of Westphalia
708:Caspar Schwenckfeld
549:Henry III the White
166:Early modern period
2003:Duchies of Silesia
1896:Duchy of Głubczyce
1763:Duchies of Silesia
1572:Pomerania-Stargard
1286:Seniorate Province
1129:list of references
1023:George II of Brzeg
966:Louis III of Oława
829:Henry II the Pious
814:
779:First Silesian War
712:Valentin Krautwald
692:
639:
604:John of Luxembourg
545:
509:Henry II the Pious
477:First Silesian War
430:Duchies of Silesia
426:Herzogtum Liegnitz
409:Lehnické knížectví
401:Księstwo Legnickie
281:• Annexed by
56:Lehnické knížectví
42:Herzogtum Liegnitz
28:Księstwo Legnickie
1975:
1974:
1967:County of Kladsko
1941:Duchy of Siewierz
1936:Duchy of Racibórz
1931:Duchy of Pszczyna
1921:Duchy of Oświęcim
1848:Duchy of Oleśnica
1813:Duchy of Bierutów
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1687:Duchy of Oświęcim
1682:Duchy of Siewierz
1595:
1594:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1044:Joachim Frederick
919:Bishop of Wrocław
871:Henry VI the Good
728:Habsburg monarchy
679:Matthias Corvinus
671:Henry IX of Lubin
663:Louis II of Brzeg
655:Bohemian monarchs
596:Henry VI the Good
592:Přemyslid dynasty
493:Battle of Legnica
428:) was one of the
413:Duchy of Liegnitz
389:
388:
356:
355:
352:
351:
332:
331:
268:• Seized by
216:• Split off
203:• Split off
190:• Split off
143:
2010:
1926:Duchy of Prudnik
1886:Duchy of Cieszyn
1876:Duchy of Bielsko
1833:Duchy of Legnica
1798:
1786:Duchy of Silesia
1775:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1733:
1732:
1708:
1707:
1702:Lębork and Bytów
1697:Duchy of Troppau
1677:Duchy of Prussia
1672:Duchy of Masovia
1587:Lębork and Bytów
1577:Pomerania-Słupsk
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1273:
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1152:this article by
1143:inline citations
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1114:
941:Bishop of Kujawy
939:, brother, also
917:, brother, also
896:Louis I the Fair
818:Dukes of Silesia
801:Dukes of Legnica
724:Battle of Mohács
694:Frederick's son
558:Bishop of Passau
420:
393:Duchy of Legnica
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336:
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327:Duchy of Silesia
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23:Duchy of Legnica
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1838:Duchy of Lwówek
1823:Duchy of Głogów
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970:John I of Lüben
853:Duke of Wrocław
831:, jointly with
820:
803:
787:Maria Theresa's
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562:Duchy of Głogów
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1911:Duchy of Opole
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1850:
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651:Louis the Fair
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622:As a Bohemian
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1868:Upper Silesia
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1843:Duchy of Nysa
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1444:Sieradz Land
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1148:Please help
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1035:Frederick IV
996:Frederick II
956:
955:
923:Duke of Nysa
889:Wenceslaus I
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736:Hohenzollern
696:Frederick II
693:
689:Brzeg Castle
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573:Henry Probus
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309:Succeeded by
308:
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87:Coat of arms
1471:Lubusz Land
1217: /
1154:introducing
982:Frederick I
930:Bolesław IV
838:, brother,
675:Frederick I
529:Ögedei Khan
515:miners and
379:Lubusz Land
304:Preceded by
257:Brandenburg
162:Middle Ages
142:(from 1348)
1982:Categories
1415:Inowrocław
1296:Sandomierz
1205:16°09′37″E
1202:51°12′30″N
1096:1672–1675
1079:1653–1654
1072:1653–1663
1067:George III
1065:1653–1654
1056:1602–1653
1049:1602–1612
1042:1596–1602
1033:1571–1596
1017:1551–1556
1010:1547–1551
1001:1488–1521
994:1488–1547
987:1488–1495
980:1454–1488
948:1413–1436
937:Henry VIII
935:1364–1398
928:1364–1394
913:1364–1413
906:1364–1409
894:1342–1346
887:1342–1345
876:1296–1312
869:1296–1311
858:1296–1311
847:1278–1296
834:1248–1251
823:1248–1278
816:See also:
647:Wenceslaus
383:Oder River
1711:With the
1637:Wallachia
1622:Volodymyr
1582:Pomerelia
1567:Pomerania
1559:Pomerania
1425:Gniewkowo
1081:Christian
1060:, brother
1037:, brother
943:from 1389
932:, brother
925:from 1382
878:Władysław
855:from 1290
842:from 1251
763:Leopold I
732:Ferdinand
681:in 1469.
667:Sigismund
600:Władysław
564:in 1251.
505:Christian
418:‹See Tfd›
270:Habsburgs
132:of Poland
72:1248–1675
1779:Original
1632:Moldavia
1607:Kopanica
1549:Oświęcim
1544:Oleśnica
1539:Siewierz
1489:Racibórz
1259:Fiefdoms
1074:Louis IV
1019:Henry XI
1003:George I
950:Louis II
908:Rupert I
836:Konrad I
771:Prussian
761:emperor
759:Habsburg
738:elector
720:Louis II
716:Lutheran
588:Margaret
513:Bavarian
481:Prussian
473:Austrian
469:Bohemian
453:Silesian
449:Silesian
105:(orange)
1627:Podolia
1529:Cieszyn
1504:Legnica
1479:Silesia
1467:Silesia
1457:Sieradz
1452:Łęczyca
1440:Łęczyca
1430:Dobrzyń
1405:Kuyavia
1397:Kuyavia
1357:Masovia
1349:Masovia
1329:Gniezno
1301:Wiślica
1150:improve
1110:Sources
989:John II
849:Henry V
722:at the
624:fiefdom
616:Kaczawa
614:in the
521:Mongols
487:History
465:Wrocław
438:Legnica
369:Germany
283:Prussia
231:Bohemia
152:Legnica
148:Capital
137:of the
135:Fiefdom
103:Henry V
1524:Lwówek
1499:Lubusz
1494:Głogów
1372:Warsaw
1362:Czersk
1339:Wieluń
1334:Kalisz
1324:Poznań
1291:Kraków
1263:Poland
1189:
744:Sophia
637:, 1561
554:Konrad
525:Khagan
422:German
397:Polish
365:Poland
126:Status
118:Helwig
59:
49:German
45:
35:Polish
31:
1955:Other
1642:Caffa
1617:Chełm
1612:Spisz
1534:Brzeg
1519:Bytom
1514:Żagań
1509:Jawor
1484:Opole
1387:Wizna
1367:Płock
1135:, or
773:king
645:sons
411:) or
405:Czech
63:Czech
1469:and
1382:Belz
1377:Rawa
1187:ISBN
972:and
921:and
710:and
649:and
612:gold
503:. A
391:The
289:1763
275:1675
262:1537
249:1419
236:1329
223:1311
210:1274
197:1251
184:1248
1261:of
440:in
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479:—
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