611:, which describes the inauguration ritual of King Kang. In it, Lord Shao can be seen to command great respect at court. He is listed first in each enumeration of participants, gives orders to other functionaries to help prepare for the proceedings, performs ritual actions rivaled only by the new king and the Master Ritualist, and reads the command of accession to the king.
508:, allows for the reading that the Duke of Zhou had performed a sacrifice to the ancestral spirits to divine whether he was their chosen successor to the ailing King Wu. The traditional reading interprets this passage to indicate the Duke of Zhou offering his life if the king's could be spared. In both readings, this ceremony is suggested by the other two Ducal Ministers.
524:
With the violence quelled, King Wu's son, now three years less young, along with the victorious Lord Shao and Duke of Zhou, entered into a triple alliance, sharing power delicately between them. Lord Shao was given power over the lands to the west of the twin capitals Feng and Hao, on the Wei river
590:
Although the two texts are clearly closely related, which is the response to the other is debated. And whether they are read from a traditional or revisionist viewpoint, regardless of the personal, political, or philosophical motives behind either man's words, soon thereafter the young King Cheng
586:
flows only to the eldest son, and the Duke of Zhou calling upon a panoply of worthy ministers of yore to support his platform of how crucial capable ministers are to good government, quoting Lord Shao's own words back at him about how the two of them would work together, asserting that heaven's
511:
Traditionally, the Duke of Zhou is considered to have assumed regency rather than kingship. In any case, the son of the vanquished Shang king and affiliated groups, possibly aided by Zhou royal brothers, took the opportunity to rebel in an action called the
533:. This included his lineage's power base near the predynastic Zhou capital of Xishan; the Duke of Zhou was given control over the lands to the east. It was during this timeframe Lord Shao went to survey the site of the new capital city Luoyi (present day
541:), which would control both the strategic ford which had facilitated the Zhou conquest in the first place, as well as the pass through the mountains to the Zhou homeland. The portents were also auspicious, and Lord Shao had
491:
Two years after the conquest, before Zhou power had been completely consolidated, King Wu was dead. His son was considered too young to be fit to rule, and the Duke of Zhou unilaterally took power. The preceding
1509:
1459:
1479:
1532:
1527:
1537:
724:
was set in, the word translated as "brother" could also have referred to any elder male member of same generation in the kin group, suggesting that "cousin" could be a plausible reading.
618:
claims that Lord Shao lived over a hundred years, and epigraphic records securely dateable to the middle years of King Kang's reign tend to support rather than refute this claim.
695:
571:
The language is archaic, and admits multiple readings. The traditional reading takes into account a cryptic statement that Lord Shao was unhappy at court to read
1429:
1381:
1194:
Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1993). "The Duke of Zhou's
Retirement in the East and the Beginnings of the Ministerial–Monarch Debate in Chinese Political Philosophy".
1444:
1439:
1406:
1371:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1449:
1434:
1424:
1401:
674:
All transmitted sources charge the brothers of King Wu who had been appointed to govern the Shang remnants with joining the rebellion. The excavated text
1454:
1504:
1499:
1469:
1464:
700:
464:
ancestral temple. With Shao in the first position, prior to the lineages founded by the sons of King Wen she reasons this lineage was founded earlier.
1494:
1489:
1337:
693:
where the Duke of Zhou addresses Lord Shao as his brother rests on the assumption that the word "brother" as carried by the parallel passage in the
1484:
1474:
500:, a pattern which followed would have put the Duke of Zhou next in line for the throne. An illegally excavated manuscript version of a chapter of
1078:
Khayutina, Maria (2015). "King Wen, a
Settler of Disputes or Judge? The "Yu–Rui case" in the Historical Records and its Historical Background".
1057:
Khayutina, Maria (2008). "Western "Capitals" of the
Western Zhou Dynasty: Historical Reality and Its Reflections Until the Time of Sima Qian".
861:
1552:
587:
mandate had come jointly to the Zhou as a group, and ending with an impassioned plea where he addresses Lord Shao as his brother.
1622:
480:, but he never went to his lands, sending a son to mind them in his stead. Lord Shao was also appointed as the Grand Protector (
1330:
1106:(2004). "Kingship and Inheritance in the State of Wu: Fraternal Succession in Spring and Autumn Period China (771–475 BC)".
591:
stepped fully into his authority, and the Duke of Zhou disappeared from the political scene for the remainder of his life.
575:
as a plea from Lord Shao to remain in his position and help coadminister government affairs until the new king is ready.
461:
367:
1243:
1323:
1229:
447:
442:
called Lord Shao half-brother to the Duke of Zhou in a 1989 paper. Maria
Khayutina, writing in 2015, reads the
416:
1278:
513:
399:
1627:
1028:
Gren, Ribbing (2016). "The
Qinghua "Jinteng" Manuscript: What it Does Not Tell Us about the Duke of Zhou".
565:
552:
relate to this period of time, and two in particular relate to each other and the power struggle at court.
1261:
1235:
557:
680:
states that the Zhou governors were killed by the rebel forces, but does not provide their identities.
582:
An alternative reading pits the two chapters against one another, with Lord Shao highlighting how the
1416:
420:, states merely that he was a member of same ancestral temple kinship group as the house of Zhou.
851:
1137:"The Xinian: an ancient historical text from the Qinghua University collection of bamboo books"
1011:
Gassmann, Robert H. (2012). ""Fathers" Galore: Comments on a Suffix in
Ancient Chinese Names".
473:
371:
516:. Lord Shao allied with the Duke of Zhou, and after three years the rebellion was suppressed.
1519:
1170:
676:
560:), a piece of persuasive writing from the Duke of Zhou to Lord Shao is one, and the other is
505:
485:
8:
1570:
1292:
1211:
1182:
1158:
1123:
1066:
1045:
1016:
457:
439:
1547:
1239:
1173:(1989). "The Role of Grand Protector Shi in the Consolidation of the Zhou Conquest".
720:
in the received literature. Gassmann posited in 2012 that during the time period the
623:
600:
583:
497:
599:
Lord Shao served four generations of Zhou kings: King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and
1575:
1560:
1203:
1148:
1115:
1037:
435:
297:
269:
239:
208:
178:
147:
117:
89:
59:
28:
488:, the highest ministerial positions in the capital. The Duke of Zhou was another.
1565:
387:
1542:
1103:
1207:
1041:
1616:
1224:
1119:
493:
481:
438:
by a concubine. Modern scholarship has not significantly modified this view.
381:
542:
395:
391:
363:
304:
246:
185:
124:
66:
712:, has been corrupted by scribal transmission error from its original form
1347:
1091:
477:
375:
1315:
1215:
1162:
1070:
1049:
1020:
1288:
1186:
1153:
1136:
1127:
431:
421:
279:
276:
221:
218:
215:
160:
157:
154:
99:
96:
41:
38:
35:
1596:
1580:
1253:
411:
1257:
526:
452:
1601:
1296:
579:
is then read as an exhortation to the new king to do a good job.
534:
530:
426:
1265:
764:
762:
538:
975:
927:
793:
791:
789:
1223:
Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1999). "Western Zhou
History". In
891:
759:
987:
963:
951:
939:
815:
786:
774:
803:
827:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
879:
867:
309:
251:
190:
129:
71:
915:
903:
1277:] (in Chinese) (punctuated ed.). Beijing:
738:
402:. He remained a major figure at court for decades.
839:
1147:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 53–109.
476:, King Wu created Lord Shao the regional lord of
430:calls him the elder brother of the Duke of Zhou.
1614:
1202:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 41–72.
633:) is said to have been composed in his honour.
1015:. Presses Universitaires de Vincennes: 31–49.
456:as ordering the lineages who visit the ailing
1331:
1232:: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 B.C
628:
379:
349:
274:
213:
152:
94:
33:
1086:. München: Ruhr-Universität Bochum: 261–276.
1222:
1193:
1169:
993:
981:
969:
945:
933:
897:
797:
780:
362:, was a high-ranking minister of the early
1338:
1324:
1345:
1152:
1077:
1056:
885:
809:
545:city wall constructed in a month's time.
1010:
957:
410:The earliest biography of Lord Shao, in
1134:
1102:
873:
821:
603:. He features prominently in the later
398:in his regency and helped suppress the
1615:
1230:The Cambridge History of Ancient China
496:had handled succession by distributed
378:, and elder of the minor polity Shao (
1319:
1090:
1080:Bochum Yearbook of East Asian Studies
921:
909:
689:Shaughnessy's reading of the line in
1027:
845:
833:
1287:
768:
460:by their seniority rank within the
370:, the founding lineage head of the
13:
1098:. Vol. 3.2. pp. 420–433.
14:
1639:
1252:
1227:; Shaughnessy, Edward L. (eds.).
857:
753:
548:Multiple episodes carried by the
519:
434:states Lord Shao was the son of
1181:. The Smithsonian Institution.
1114:(4/5). Leiden: Brill: 195–214.
1013:Extrême-Orient Extrême-Occident
683:
668:
467:
1623:11th-century BC Chinese people
1275:Records of the Grand Historian
1065:. Harrassowitz Verlag: 25–65.
1003:
648:
417:Records of the Grand Historian
310:
275:
252:
214:
191:
153:
130:
95:
72:
34:
1:
1279:Imperial Household Department
636:
514:Rebellion of the Three Guards
400:Rebellion of the Three Guards
331:
731:
594:
405:
7:
10:
1644:
1236:Cambridge University Press
696:Three Styles Stone Classic
1589:
1518:
1415:
1354:
1208:10.1017/S0362502800001486
1042:10.1163/15685322-10245P01
717:
713:
629:
380:
366:. He was a member of the
350:
321:
303:
296:
291:
287:
268:
263:
245:
238:
233:
229:
207:
202:
184:
177:
172:
168:
146:
141:
123:
116:
111:
107:
88:
83:
65:
58:
53:
49:
27:
23:
18:
1417:Spring and Autumn period
1300:
1269:
1135:Milburn, Olivia (2016).
1120:10.1163/1568532043628359
641:
568:), mostly by Lord Shao.
627:ode "The Sweet Pears" (
1171:Shaughnessy, Edward L.
1036:(4/5). Leiden: Brill.
474:Zhou conquest of Shang
1520:Warring States period
1096:The Shoo King, book 5
506:Tsinghua bamboo slips
1238:. pp. 292–351.
472:For his role in the
1628:Zhou dynasty people
824:, pp. 198–199.
706:, inscribed in 241
660:Grand Protector Shi
394:Shao supported the
203:Grand Protector Shi
1154:10.1017/eac.2016.2
1094:(1865). "12: 召誥".
994:Shaughnessy (1989)
982:Shaughnessy (1989)
970:Shaughnessy (1993)
946:Shaughnessy (1993)
934:Shaughnessy (1993)
898:Shaughnessy (1999)
836:, p. 317–318.
798:Shaughnessy (1989)
781:Shaughnessy (1989)
486:Three Excellencies
458:King Cheng of Zhou
440:Edward Shaughnessy
344:, posthumous name
1610:
1609:
984:, pp. 54–55.
960:, pp. 32–33.
936:, pp. 58–59.
656:Duke Kang of Shao
624:Classic of Poetry
584:Mandate of Heaven
498:agnatic seniority
450:) chapter of the
354:), also known as
328:Shi, Duke of Shao
325:
324:
317:
316:
298:Standard Mandarin
259:
258:
240:Standard Mandarin
198:
197:
179:Standard Mandarin
142:Duke Kang of Shao
137:
136:
118:Standard Mandarin
79:
78:
60:Standard Mandarin
19:Shi, Duke of Shao
1635:
1557:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1282:
1249:
1219:
1190:
1166:
1156:
1131:
1099:
1087:
1074:
1053:
1024:
997:
991:
985:
979:
973:
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
913:
907:
901:
895:
889:
886:Khayutina (2008)
883:
877:
871:
865:
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
810:Khayutina (2015)
807:
801:
795:
784:
778:
772:
766:
757:
751:
725:
719:
715:
711:
710:
704:
687:
681:
672:
666:
664:Lord Kang of Yan
652:
632:
631:
436:King Wen of Zhou
385:
384:
353:
352:
339:
338:
333:
313:
312:
289:
288:
283:
282:
255:
254:
231:
230:
225:
224:
194:
193:
170:
169:
164:
163:
133:
132:
109:
108:
103:
102:
75:
74:
51:
50:
45:
44:
16:
15:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1590:Insurgent kings
1585:
1555:
1514:
1450:Marquess Zhuang
1411:
1350:
1344:
1314:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1271:
1246:
1104:Milburn, Olivia
1059:Oriens Extremus
1006:
1001:
1000:
992:
988:
980:
976:
968:
964:
958:Gassmann (2012)
956:
952:
944:
940:
932:
928:
920:
916:
908:
904:
896:
892:
884:
880:
872:
868:
856:
852:
844:
840:
832:
828:
820:
816:
808:
804:
796:
787:
779:
775:
771:, vol. 1 pt. 4.
767:
760:
752:
739:
734:
729:
728:
708:
707:
698:
688:
684:
673:
669:
653:
649:
644:
639:
597:
525:in present-day
522:
470:
408:
388:King Wu of Zhou
336:
335:
12:
11:
5:
1641:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1455:Marquess Xiang
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1430:Marquess Zheng
1427:
1421:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1320:
1313:
1312:
1284:
1283:
1250:
1244:
1225:Loewe, Michael
1220:
1191:
1175:Ars Orientalis
1167:
1132:
1100:
1088:
1075:
1054:
1025:
1007:
1005:
1002:
999:
998:
986:
974:
962:
950:
938:
926:
924:, p. 433.
914:
912:, p. 424.
902:
900:, p. 311.
890:
878:
874:Milburn (2016)
866:
850:
848:, p. 317.
838:
826:
822:Milburn (2004)
814:
812:, p. 269.
802:
785:
773:
758:
736:
735:
733:
730:
727:
726:
682:
667:
654:also known as
646:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
596:
593:
521:
518:
504:, part of the
484:), one of the
469:
466:
407:
404:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
314:
307:
301:
300:
294:
293:
292:Transcriptions
285:
284:
272:
266:
265:
261:
260:
257:
256:
249:
243:
242:
236:
235:
234:Transcriptions
227:
226:
211:
205:
204:
200:
199:
196:
195:
192:Shào Kāng Gōng
188:
182:
181:
175:
174:
173:Transcriptions
166:
165:
150:
144:
143:
139:
138:
135:
134:
127:
121:
120:
114:
113:
112:Transcriptions
105:
104:
92:
86:
85:
81:
80:
77:
76:
69:
63:
62:
56:
55:
54:Transcriptions
47:
46:
31:
25:
24:
21:
20:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1640:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:Marquess Huan
1443:
1441:
1440:Marquess Xuan
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1407:Marquess Qing
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1245:0-521-47030-7
1241:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1008:
996:, p. 59.
995:
990:
983:
978:
972:, p. 59.
971:
966:
959:
954:
948:, p. 58.
947:
942:
935:
930:
923:
918:
911:
906:
899:
894:
887:
882:
876:, p. 64.
875:
870:
863:
859:
854:
847:
842:
835:
830:
823:
818:
811:
806:
800:, p. 52.
799:
794:
792:
790:
783:, p. 58.
782:
777:
770:
765:
763:
755:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
737:
723:
705:
702:
697:
692:
686:
679:
678:
671:
665:
661:
657:
651:
647:
634:
626:
625:
619:
617:
614:Wang Chong's
612:
610:
606:
602:
592:
588:
585:
580:
578:
574:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
520:Sharing power
517:
515:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:Shang dynasty
489:
487:
483:
479:
475:
465:
463:
459:
455:
454:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:
423:
419:
418:
413:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
383:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
347:
343:
329:
320:
308:
306:
302:
299:
295:
290:
286:
281:
278:
273:
271:
267:
262:
250:
248:
244:
241:
237:
232:
228:
223:
220:
217:
212:
210:
206:
201:
189:
187:
183:
180:
176:
171:
167:
162:
159:
156:
151:
149:
145:
140:
128:
126:
122:
119:
115:
110:
106:
101:
98:
93:
91:
87:
82:
73:Shào Gōng Shì
70:
68:
64:
61:
57:
52:
48:
43:
40:
37:
32:
30:
26:
22:
17:
1571:King Wucheng
1397:Marquess Hui
1362:Duke of Shao
1361:
1355:Early period
1346:Monarchs of
1297:
1274:
1266:
1228:
1199:
1195:
1178:
1174:
1144:
1140:
1111:
1107:
1095:
1092:Legge, James
1083:
1079:
1062:
1058:
1033:
1029:
1012:
989:
977:
965:
953:
941:
929:
922:Legge (1865)
917:
910:Legge (1865)
905:
893:
881:
869:
853:
841:
829:
817:
805:
776:
721:
694:
690:
685:
675:
670:
663:
659:
655:
650:
622:
620:
615:
613:
608:
604:
598:
589:
581:
576:
572:
570:
561:
553:
549:
547:
543:rammed earth
523:
510:
501:
490:
471:
468:Early career
451:
443:
425:
415:
409:
396:Duke of Zhou
364:Zhou dynasty
360:Duke of Shao
359:
355:
345:
341:
327:
326:
305:Hanyu Pinyin
264:Lord of Shao
247:Hanyu Pinyin
186:Hanyu Pinyin
125:Hanyu Pinyin
67:Hanyu Pinyin
1435:Marquess Mu
1425:Marquess Ai
1402:Marquess Li
1262:34.4: 燕召公世家
1196:Early China
1141:Early China
1004:Works cited
846:Gren (2016)
834:Gren (2016)
699: [
253:Tài Bǎo Shì
1617:Categories
1289:Wang Chong
1260:(1739) . "
1108:T'oung Pao
1030:T'oung Pao
756:, vol. 34.
637:References
432:Huangfu Mi
422:Wang Chong
390:'s death,
368:royal clan
1597:Han Guang
1576:King Xiao
1561:King Zhao
1556:(usurper)
1533:Duke Huan
1528:Duke Jian
1510:Duke Jian
1505:Duke Ping
1500:Duke Gong
1470:Duke Zhao
1465:Duke Xuan
1460:Duke Huan
1348:Yan state
1254:Sima Qian
732:Citations
601:King Kang
595:Longevity
412:Sima Qian
406:Royal kin
386:). After
356:Lord Shao
311:Shào Gōng
1566:King Hui
1538:Duke Wen
1495:Duke Dao
1490:Duke Hui
1480:Duke Wen
1293:1.4: 氣壽篇
1258:Sima Tan
1216:23351745
1163:44075753
1071:24048045
1050:44653783
1021:42636046
607:chapter
605:Shangshu
577:Shao Gao
562:Shao Gao
550:Shangshu
502:Shangshu
453:Shangshu
340:), born
1602:Zang Tu
1543:King Yi
1485:Duke Yi
1475:Duke Wu
1298:Lunheng
1187:4629387
1128:4528969
769:Lunheng
722:Jun Shi
701:zh:三體石經
691:Jun Shi
616:Lunheng
609:Gu Ming
573:Jun Shi
554:Jun Shi
535:Luoyang
531:Shaanxi
444:Gu Ming
427:Lunheng
270:Chinese
209:Chinese
148:Chinese
90:Chinese
29:Chinese
1553:Zi Zhi
1304:. (80
1242:
1214:
1185:
1161:
1126:
1069:
1048:
1019:
862:vol. 4
677:Xinian
662:, and
342:Ji Shi
330:(died
131:Jī Shì
84:Ji Shi
1392:Sheng
1273:[
1267:Shiji
1212:JSTOR
1183:JSTOR
1159:JSTOR
1124:JSTOR
1067:JSTOR
1046:JSTOR
1017:JSTOR
858:Shiji
754:Shiji
703:]
642:Notes
539:Henan
527:Xi'an
372:state
334:1000
1548:Kuai
1382:Xian
1240:ISBN
621:The
392:Lord
346:Kang
1372:Zhi
1295:".
1291:. "
1264:".
1204:doi
1149:doi
1116:doi
1038:doi
1034:102
716:to
478:Yan
424:'s
414:'s
376:Yan
374:of
358:or
337:BCE
1619::
1581:Xi
1387:He
1377:Wu
1367:Ke
1310:).
1307:CE
1301:論衡
1270:史記
1256:;
1234:.
1210:.
1200:18
1198:.
1179:19
1177:.
1157:.
1145:39
1143:.
1139:.
1122:.
1112:90
1110:.
1084:38
1082:.
1063:47
1061:.
1044:.
1032:.
860:,
788:^
761:^
740:^
709:CE
658:,
630:甘棠
566:召誥
558:君奭
537:,
529:,
482:太保
462:Ji
448:顧命
382:召國
332:c.
1339:e
1332:t
1325:v
1281:.
1248:.
1218:.
1206::
1189:.
1165:.
1151::
1130:.
1118::
1073:.
1052:.
1040::
1023:.
888:.
864:.
718:允
714:兄
564:(
556:(
446:(
351:康
348:(
280:公
277:召
222:奭
219:保
216:太
161:公
158:康
155:召
100:奭
97:姬
42:奭
39:公
36:召
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.